:

1
: 1
2011/2012

7.5 : 45 .

. C50

.
:
P.V.C
: .

) (

Na aq HOaq C 4 H 8 O2( ) C 2 H 6 O( ) CH 3 CO2( aq ) Na aq

:
C20 :+
Na

) ( S .m 2 .mol 1

5,0.10 3

HO

2,0.10 2

CH3CO2
3

4,1.10

M 88( g .mol 1 ) :
0,90( g .ml 1 ) :

0.25
0.25
1.25
1
0.25
1

1.25
0.5
1.25
0.5

3
1
) V0 200(mL C 0 1,00.10 mol.L
.
) t 0(min ) V1 1,0( mL .
S .
. C20
V
-1 n0 . 0
-2 n1 V1
-3 .
-4 V1 V0 V . S
4-1 0 t = 0 f . C 0
4-2 t = 0 .
4-2 t t :
x
(
)

HO
V CH 3CO2

t 0

-5 S ) - x f (t
5-1
t = 4 min t = 12 min
.
t
5-2 . 1 / 2
5-3 t1 / 2
-6
40C . t '1 / 2
t1 / 2 . t '1 / 2 .

 7.5 : 1 45 .
, .
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.
). ( 0,5h
). ( 10h
) (
. t
1
s 0.033s
30

T
v , .
t 0 .
-1 x' x ) x f (t
x .
1.1
1.2 x' x
1 4
d 0.088m .
1.3

1
1
0.5

. t S M
:

0.5
0.5
1.5

0.5
1

2.1 T
M S
2.2 y M (t ) M .S
2.3 M . 0 t 4T : A 4mm
-3 ) a 1(cm (cm)15 :
3-1 . .
3-2

-4 ) ' 19( Hz
)v= 0.263(m/s
. .

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) (
.
-1
) (
) ( 1

0.75
1.25
0.25

A 30

.

) ( .
1.1 .
1.2 D ) (
n 1.52 :
1.3 ) ( .

-2 ) (
0
a ) (2
0.75

1.5

0.5

2-1 :
, a1 a 2 a 3 :
. a 2 a1 a3
.
2-2 ) ) ( tan (rad
0 , a
D
2-3
) 2,0(cm D 85(cm) : ) . a 50( m . 0