Essay (2013)

1.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Humans are born neutral with some potential

Only able to respond to appropriate stimulus and what they have learned
Result of conditioning, reaction towards stimulus depends on experience
Learn and maintain, patterns of behavior, subsequently repeat the pattern
in future when there is a need
5. Humans are able to understand concept and control his own behavior
6. Humans are able to obtain new behavior
7. Humans are able to influence the behavior of others and vice versa

2
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)

tingkah laku memberi perhatian attending skills

kemahiran mendengar listening
kemahiran penjelasan clarification
kemahiran membina hubungan building relationship
mengendalikan kesenyapan handling silence
membuat interpretasi interpretation
menyoal questioning open ended, close ended
memparafrasa dan refleksi paraphrasing and reflection
merumus -summarization
membuat kesimpulan -

3.
a) orientation- to create a conducive environment, ice breaking,
b) conflict and confrontation uncomfortable, defensive, withdraw
c) cohesive- very close

d) working stage/ achievement stage resolution and outcomes

e) termination group binding, rules,

Structure (2013)
1. Approaches
- prevention
- developmental
- remedial
- crisis
Services
-inventory
-guidance
-placing and follow up action
-consultation
-assessment

2. Code of ethics
client
colleagues
society
superior, employer

3.
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)

a) questionnaire
observation
anecdote
sosiometry
sosiogram
checklist
interview
document analysis

4. a) the system of organization and management

b) harmony school climate
c) instill moral values
d) manage effective teaching and learning activities
5. Play therapy
a) reflect problem through playing objects, non verbal
b) bring positive behaviours
c) cognitive development and help in solving negative perceptions and
conflict through observation or playing the object used
d) overcome worrries and internal crisis, it is used as a mechanism for self
help through free play or unstructured play

6. a) reduce stress and fear through non verbal communication

b) improve communication for trauma cases before he/she couldnt
express feelings through words
c) helping the child to identify thoughts and feelings through the art to help
to understand his perception and also his behavior
d) increase self awareness
e) self expression imaginative, authentic, spontaneous
f) autism through stimulation of art therapy helps cognitive development

7. Hollands theory
a) easier to identify potential candidates for pre service teacher
candidates
b) easy to indentify suitable personality
c) satisfaction, stability, achievement in relevance to individual
interaction and working environment
8. a) to identify students problem
b) to identify the specific student based on the problem stated
c) plan to help the students