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Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 15 (2011) 21012104

WCES-2011

The effect of eight-week sprint and endurance interval training on

some lung volumes and capacities in female nonathletic students at
Islamic Azad University of Abadan
Parisa Amiri-Farsani a *, Davar Rezaeimanesh b, Eidy Alijanic
b

a
Islamic Azad University Abadan branch, Abadan, 6419947175, Iran
Khorramshahr Marine Science and Technology University, Khorramshahr, 6419947175, Iran
c
Islamic Azad University Karaj branch, Ahwaz, 6139646546, Iran

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of eight-week sprint and endurance interval training on some lung volumes
and capacities in female nonathletic students at Islamic Azad University of Abadan. 45 subjects (18 26 year old) were matched
into three groups follow Control group, sprint interval training group and endurance interval training group. The effect of eightweek sprint and endurance interval training on Tidal Volume, Inspiratory Reserve Volume, Expiratory Reserve Volume,
Residual Volume, Vital Capacity and Total Lung Capacity was evaluated on pre and post test. Descriptive statistic and Manova
and follow up Tukey Test at (=0.05) were used to analyze data. The results showed that there was a significant increase in
Expiratory Reserve Volume and Total Lung Capacity.
2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Keywords: Interval training, Lung volumes, Nonathletic, Lung capacities

1. Introduction
A simple way to study the pulmonary ventilation is to record the air entered or exited from lungs with Spiro
meter in order to study and measure pulmonary volume and capacity. In this method, the individual after some
regular breathing in the muzzle of the Spiro meter, is taking a long deep breath, and following it with a deep and
long exhalation, he will evacuate all the air content from his lung, and thus the considered parameters are estimated.
In a regular condition, women respiratory volume is % 65-75 more than men. Each of these volumes and capacities
has a special value. It should be mentioned that the less value than what is identified might be the result of increase
in respiratory canals resistance or their occlusion, the mechanical weakness of lungs, chest or the respiratory
muscles.
According to the above mentioned, athletes specially those who are elites in order to succeed in the important
competitions, need to use of modern exercise methods , so this research tries to study the effect of sprint and
endurance interval training on some of lung capacities and volumes.

* Parisa Amiri-Farsani. Tel.: +989166306338; fax:+ 98 632 4332409

E-mail address: parisaamirif@yahoo.com

18770428 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.062

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2. Method
2.1. Participants
This research is practical and being done in a quasi experimental method. The population in this research is all
non-athletes female students in Islamic Azad university (n=2575).In this case 45 subjects are selected voluntarily
among those who take physical education unit (1). Through using a questionnaire and physical examination,
subjects were examined for their cardio-respiratory health, their capability level to involve in doing exercise and not
being involved in any sport activity previously. Then all these 45 subjects are divided randomly into 3 groups of 14
subjects as sprint interval training, endurance interval training, and controlling group.
2.1.1. Measurers
The effect of sprint and endurance interval training on the Tidal Volume, Inspiratory Reserve Volume,
Expiratory Reserve Volume, Residual Volume, The Vital Capacity and the Total Lung Capacity in pre-test and postest are studied. A computerized spiro meter CDX Spir OLABII is used to measure the lung capacities and volumes.
2.1.1.1. Procedure
The exercise program sample for the sprint interval training is 2008 in 38 seconds with 1:16 minutes interval
rest and 4400 in 1:20 seconds with 2:40 minutes as interval rest . This program for the endurance interval training
is 31000 in 3:30 minutes with 1:45 minutes as interval rest.
2.1.1.1.1. Statistical Analysis
A static method of multi factors variance analysis one way variance analysis and a follow-up Tukey Test in a
significant level ( = 0.05) are used to examine the research theories.
3. Results
The findings of this research presented in table (1).This research finding indicate that comparing with the pretest, eight weeks of interval training dont make any significant differences in the Tidal volume, Inspiratory Reserve
Volume, Residual Volume and Vital Capacity of the subjects (p>0/05). Eight weeks of interval training make
significant differences in the Expiratory Reserve Volume (p<0/05). This increase in the endurance interval training
is more than sprint interval training. Also eight weeks of interval training make significant differences in the Total
Lung Capacity (p<0/05). This increase in the endurance interval training is more than sprint interval training.
Table 1: Mean & standard deviation of variables in experimental and control groups.
Variable
Tidal Volume
Control group
Sprint interval training group
Endurance interval training group
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Control group
Sprint interval training group
Endurance interval training group
Expiratory Reserve Volume
Control group
Sprint interval training group
Endurance interval training group
Residual Volume
Control group
Sprint interval training group
Endurance interval training group
Vital Capacity
Control group

Pre test

Post test

0/390 0/035
0/392 0/042
0/391 0/038

0/387 0/033
0/410 0/040
0/417 0/039

1/766 0/071
1/725 0/115
1/785 0/099

1/756 0/066
1/750 0/123
1/810 0/091

0/208

0/872 0/093
0/875 0/096
0/868 0/098

0/881 0/097
0/910 0/100
1/120 0/140

0/000*

0/909 0/082
0/920 0/101
0/907 0/121

0/920 0/080
0/985 0/108
0/986 0/104

0/135

3/028 0/142

3/0257 0/151

0/457

0/108

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Parisa Amiri-Farsani et al. / Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 15 (2011) 21012104
(
Sprint interval training group
Endurance interval training group
Total Lung Capacity
Control group
Sprint interval training group
Endurance interval training group

2/927 0/285
3/045 0/219

3/141 0/313
3/216 0/603

3/943 0/208
3/930 0/359
3/952 0/334

3/939 0/211
3/988 0/382
4/334 0/345

0/004*

4. Discussion & Conclusion

This research finding indicate that comparing with the pretest, eight weeks of interval exercises dont make any
significant differences in the Tidal Volume of the subjects. One of the possible reasons could be the respiratory
muscles weakness. During exercise with increasing pulmonary ventilation, the TV level in those exercised subjects
is more increased than unexercised subjects. The result of this research is consonant with findings of other
researchers as ( Naranjoa et al, 2005) and (Cottin et al, 2004), but they are inconsonant with the findings of
(Birnbaum et al, 2005) and ( Deruell et al, 2004).
Eight weeks of interval training dont make any significant difference in Inspiratory Reserve Volume. One
possible reason for this is insufficient intension of exercise to increase inspiratory muscle strength.These results are
consonant with findings of (Naranjo et al, 2005) and (Cottin et al, 2004), but they are inconsonant with findings of
(Eastwood, et al 2001) and ( Birnbaum et al, 2004).
Eight weeks of interval exercise make a significant difference in the Expiratory Reserve Volume. The reason is
the reverse relationship between EVR levels with the total body fats. So, the interval training especially those
endurance intervals training are efficient in both decreasing the total body fat and increasing the resistance of
expiratory respiratory muscles. (Birnbaum et al, 2004), and (Deruell et al, 2004) also approve this matter, however
(Hill et al, 1991) and ( Enright et al, 2006) disagree with.
Eight weeks of interval training dont make any significant difference in the Residual Volume. RV intense is
estimated with VC and those factors that influence VC, are also influencing the RV level indirectly. The results of
this research are consonant with the findings of ( Harms et al, 2006) and ( Hueo et al, 2001), but are inconsonant
with findings of (Enright et al, 2006) and ( Hueo et al, 2001).
Eight weeks of interval training dont make any significant difference in the Vital Capacity. Sprint interval
training have more influences on the Vital Capacity, so the reason for this increase could be more intense of sprint
interval training than endurance interval training. In result, he intense of these exercises might be insufficient.
(Fitzpatrick et al, 2003) approve this matter but ( Hill et al, 1991) and (Estone et al, 1997) and (Lucia et al, 2003 )
dont support it.
Eight weeks of interval exercises make a significant difference in the Total Lung Capacity, but as TLC is the
Total Lung Volumes, so with increase in volumes, the TLC level will be also increase. This increase in the
endurance interval training is more than sprint interval training, that is due to the more influence of endurance
interval training on the respiratory muscles. As it is mentioned in the second chapter, the aerobic exercise mostly
will increase the pulmonary volumes and also TLC. The results of this research are consonant with the findings of (
Enright et al, 2006) and( Eastwood et al, 2001), but they are inconsonant with the results obtained by (Hueo et al,
2001).
Acknowledgments
This article extracts from research project is titled The effect of eight-week sprint and endurance interval training on
some lung volumes and capacities in female nonathletic students at Islamic Azad University of Abadan and financial
supported by the Islamic Azad University Abadan branch.
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