Lets take a look back

Define anatomy.

Define physiology.

Name the levels of structural organization of the human body

going from simplest to most complex.

What is the smallest living unit of all living things?

What type of tissue is in our muscles?
Name the function of each system of our body:

4 Necessary life functions are: (in your book!)

The basic survival need to release energy from foods is?

Describe the anatomical position:

Define each of the directional and orientation terms:

Inferior
Superior
Anterior
Dorsal
Ventral
Medial
Distal
Posterior
Intermediate
Superficial
Deep
Proximal

Lateral
Which have the same meaning in humans?
Which have opposite meaning in humans?
Identify the anterior body landmarks:
AbdominalAntecubitalAxillaryBrachialBuccalCarpalCervical-

DigitalFemoralOrbitalPatellarSternalTarsal-

ThoracicUmbilicalDefine the posterior body landmarks:

CephalicDeltoidGlutealLumbarOccipitalPoplitealScapularSuralVertebralDefine the following sections or body planes:
Sagittal-

Frontal (coronal)-

Transverse-

The dorsal body cavity has 2 subdivisions: (include the organs within each!)
1)

2)

The ventral body cavity has 3 subdivisions: (include the organs within each!)
1)

2)

3)

Identify the 9 regions used by anatomists- be sure to understand which lies

where using anatomical terms like superior, lateral etc.!)
1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

8)

9)

What is the dome shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the
rest of the ventral cavity?
Which ventral body cavity has no bony protection?

Name the correct sequence of regions going from superior to inferior on the
medial abdominal surface:

Do the same for the lateral abdominal surface:

In what 2 regions are the ribs located?

In what quadrant are the spleen and stomach located?

Please Review your entire study guide packet on the Integumentary system!!
What are Sharpeys fibers?

What is the function of red bone marrow?

Of yellow marrow?

What does the presence of an epiphyseal plate mean?

Define hematopoiesis:

Describe compact bone:

Describe spongy bone:

Describe the following microscopic structures of bone:

Lacunae-

Osteons-

Haversian system-

Volkmanns Canals-

Define hyaline cartilage:

Name the parts of the axial skeleton:

Name the 2 unpaired facial bones.

Why is the hyoid bone unique?

List the 5 regions of the vertebral column from superior to inferior:

How many lumbar and thoracic vertebrae are there?

What are the sturdiest vertebrae?

What is the atlas?

What is the axis?

List the correct order of ribs from superior to inferior:

How many pairs of true ribs are there?

How many pair of floating ribs?

Of false ribs?
What is the major portion of the coxal bone called?

Compare the ischial spines of the female pelvis to the male pelvis.

What are the 2 largest foot bones?

Name the bones of the lower limbs:

What is the function of joints?

Locate structures on the femur using your activity packet.

Locate the structures of the skull using your activity packet and notes.

What is the foramen magnum?

How is the hyoid bone unique?

Where is the middle nasal conchae located?

Define invertebral discs.

What structures are part of the pectoral girdle?

What bone is attached to the sternum medially and to the scapula laterally?

Describe the structures of the scapula.

Important minerals stored in bones????

Identify shapes of bones:

Two sutures (check your book!)

1) connects the 2 parietal bones together _____________
2) connects the parietal bones to the occipital bone _____________

Mastoid process is a landmark on what bone? (check your book!)

Where is the greater tubercle?

Muscular System Functions:

Types of muscle Tissue: (be descriptive)

Define sarcomere:

Identify fiber, myofibril, fascicle, myofilaments- draw it/function????

Myosin:

Actin:

Describe the mechanical force of a contraction: (what happens to the myosin

and actin?)

What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

The striped appearance of skeletal muscle is produced by what?

Isotonic vs. Isometric contractions:

Give examples of each:

Muscle tone:

Name the function of each muscle of your skull:

Identify your trunk muscles---which are on the dorsal/ventral sides???

When you feel like you have a stiff neck what muscle is affected?

Flexing the thigh is achieved by flexing what muscle?

What does our deltoid muscle do?

Abduction:

Flexion:

Circumduction:

Adduction:

Extension:

Dorsiflexion:

Inversion:
Identify the muscles of your legsWhat are they responsible for?

Identify the muscles in your arm:

What is the prime mover of your arm that acts in adduction? (check your book
and activity packet!)
Criteria for naming muscles:

Oxygen Debt:

What is the most superficial muscle of the abdominal wall?

How muscles in the human body are there?

Be prepared to write about the effects of exercise on different types of

skeletal muscle fibers and also explain how aging affects skeletal muscle.
Including: Why does muscle strength decrease with aging?
Why do you think a healthy 30 year old can lift a 25 lb. load much
more comfortably than an 80 year old?