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la
armadura
tridimensional
mostrada,
se
pide
determinar
el
un mdulo de elasticidad
X 1 = (72, 0, 0)
X 2 = (0, 36, 0)
X 3 = (0, 36, 72)
X 4 = (0, 0, -48)
U2 = U3 = U4 = (0, 0, 0)
A1 = 0.302 plg2
A2 = 0.729 plg2
A3 = 0.187 plg2
SOLUCIN
Clculo de longitudes de las barras
(
)
)
)
Para el elemento 2:
(
Para el elemento 3:
(
)
)
)
Nodo i
Nodo j
(1)
153.4
63.4
90
(2)
131.8
70.5
48.2
(3)
146.3
90
123.7
Calculo de Keq:
( )
( )
( )
Matriz de rigidez:
Para el elemento (1)
, -(
K 1
3.6 1.8
1.8 0.9
0
0
3.6 1.8
3
10 1.8 0.9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 3.6 1.8 0 0 0 0 U 1 X
0 1.8 0.9 0 0 0 0 U 1Y
0
0
0
0 0 0 0 U 1Z
0 3.6 1.8 0 0 0 0 U 2 X
0 1.8 0.9 0 0 0 0 U 2Y
0
0
0
0 0 0 0 U 2 Z
0
0
0
0 0 0 0 U 3 X
0
0
0
0 0 0 0 U 3Y
0
0
0
0 0 0 0 U 3 Z
K 2
0.44 U 1 X
0.44 0.22 0.44 0.44 0.22
0.22 0.11
0.22
0.22 0.11 0.22 U 1Y
0.44 0.22
0.44
0.44 0.22 0.44 U 1Z
8.1 10 3
0.44
0.44 0.22 0.44 U 3 X
0.44 0.22
0.22 0.11 0.22 0.22 0.11
0.22 U 3Y
0.44 U 3Z
0.44 0.22 0.44 0.44 0.22
K 2
3.56 1.78
3.56
0
0
0
3
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.56 1.78 3.564
0 0 0 3.56
0 0 0 1.78
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
3.56 U 1 X
1.78 U 1Y
3.56
1.78 3.56 U 1Z
0
0
0 U 2X
0
0
0 U 2Y
0
0
0 U 2Z
3.564 1.782 3.564 U 3 X
1.78
0.89
1.78 U 3Y
3.56 1.78
3.56 U 3 Z
1.78
0.89
K 3
0.69
0
0.46
3
2.6 10
0.69
0
0.46
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.69 0 0.46 U 1 X
0
0
0
0 U 1Y
0.31 0.46 0 0.31 U 1Z
K 3
1.79
0
1.20
0
0
0
3
10
0
0
0
1.79
0
1.20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1.79 0 1.20 U 1 X
0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0
0 U 1Y
0.81 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.20 0 0.81 U 1Z
0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0
0 U 2X
0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0
0 U 2Y
0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0
0 U 2Z
0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0
0 U 3X
0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0
0 U 3Y
0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0
0 U 3Z
0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0
0 U 4Y
0.81 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.20 0 0.81 U 4 Z
1.20
0
K G K 1 K 2 K 3
Sumando y simplificando obtendremos:
K G
8.95 3.58
3.58 1.79
2.36 1.78
1.8
3.6
1.8
0.9
0
0
10 3
3.56 1.78
1.78 0.89
3.56 1.78
1.79
0
0
0
1.20
0
0
3.6 1.8 0
0
0
0
0
0
0 U 2X
0
1.8 0.9 0
0
0
0
0
0
0 U 2Y
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 U 2Z
3.56
0
0
0 3.56 1.78 3.56
0
0
0 U 3X
1.78
0
0
0 1.78 0.89
1.78
0
0
0 U 3Y
3.56
0
0
0 3.56 1.78
3.56
0
0
0 U 3Z
1.20
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.79 0 1.20 U 4 X
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 U 4Y
0.81
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.20 0 0.81 U 4 Z
U2 = U3 = U4 = (0, 0, 0)
F1Z = -1000 lb
8.95 3.58
3.58 1.79
2.36 1.78
1.8
3.6
1.8
0.9
0
0
10 3
3.56 1.78
1.78 0.89
3.56 1.78
1.79
0
0
0
1.20
0
2.36 3.6
1.79 0 1.20 U 1 X 0
1.78
1.8 0.9 0 1.78 0.89 1.78
0
0
0 U 1Y 0
4.37
0
0
0 3.56 1.78 3.56 1.20 0 0.81 U 1Z 1000
0
3.6 1.8 0
0
0
0
0
0
0 U 2 X 0
0
1.8 0.9 0
0
0
0
0
0
0 U 2Y 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 U 2 Z 0
3.56
0
0
0 3.56 1.78 3.56
0
0
0 U 3 X 0
1.78
0
0
0 1.78 0.89
1.78
0
0
0 U 3Y 0
3.56
0
0
0 3.56 1.78
3.56
0
0
0 U 3 Z 0
1.20
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.79 0 1.20 U 4 X 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 U 4Y 0
0.81
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.20 0 0.81 U 4 Z 0
1.8
0 3.56
1.78
Fase de solucin
La solucin de los desplazamientos es:
U 1 X 0.30
U 1.51
1Y
U 1Z 0.26
U 2 X 0
U 2Y 0
U 2 Z 0
U 0
3X
U 3Y 0
U 0
3Z
U 4 X 0
U 4Y 0
U 4 Z 0
3.56
, - * +
* +
R1Z
2.36 1.78
1.8
R2 X
3.6
R2Y
1.8
0.9
0
0
R2 Z
3
R 10 3.56 1.78
3X
R3Y
1.78 0.89
R
3.56 1.78
3Z
R4 X
1.79
0
0
R4Y
0
R4 Z
1.20
0
2.36 3.6
1.78
1.8
4.37
1.8
0 3.56
0.9 0
0
3.6
1.8 0
1.8
0.9
3.56
1.78
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.56
1.20
0.81
0
0
0
0
0
0 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0 0
1.78 0.89
1.78
0
0
0 0 0
3.56 1.78
3.56
0
0
0 0 0
0
0
0
1.79 0 1.20 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0 0
0
0
0
1.20 0 0.81 0 0
1.78
1.78
3.56
0.89 1.78
R1Z 0
R2 X 270.9
R 2Y 0
R2 Z 203.2
R 1354.6
3X
R3Y 0
R 1016
3Z
R4 X 0
R4Y 7968.1
R4 Z 0
CALCULO DE ESFUERZOS
Para el esfuerzo en el elemento
( )
( )
( )
-[
( )
( )
-[
]
[
CODIGO MATLAB:
close all;clear all;clc
%% Datos del problema
E=210000;
% E: modulo de elasticidad
A=[100 100 100 100];
% A: area de la seccion
transversal
%% Matriz de coordenadas nodales
%
x
y
z
nodeCoordinates=[4000
4000 3000;
% Nodo 1
0
4000
0 ;
% Nodo 2
0
4000 6000;
% Nodo 3
4000
0
3000;
% Nodo 4
8000 -1000 1000];
% Nodo 5
numberNodes=size(nodeCoordinates,1);%Numero de nodos
%% Tabla de Conectividad
elementNodes=[ 1 2;
1 3;
1 4
1 5];
numberElements=size(elementNodes,1);%Numero
elementos
%% Vector Fuerza "F"
GDL=3*numberNodes;
F=zeros(GDL,1);
de
y2=nodeCoordinates(indice(2),2);
z2=nodeCoordinates(indice(2),3);
% Longitud de cada elemento "L=abs(rj-ri)"
L = sqrt((x2-x1)^2+(y2-y1)^2+(z2-z1)^2);
% Cosenos directores
CXx = (x2-x1)/L; % en X
CYx = (y2-y1)/L; % en Y
CZx = (z2-z1)/L; % en Z
T = [CXx*CXx CXx*CYx CXx*CZx ;
CYx*CXx CYx*CYx CYx*CZx ;
CZx*CXx CZx*CYx CZx*CZx];
stiffness(elementDof,elementDof)=...
stiffness(elementDof,elementDof)+...
E*A(e)/L*[T -T ; -T T];
end
end
Funcin stresses3DTruss
function
stresses3Dtruss(numberElements,elementNodes,...
nodeCoordinates,displacements,E)
% Tensiones en los elementos de barra 3D
fprintf('Stresses in elements\n')
ff=zeros(numberElements,6); format
for e=1:numberElements;
% elementDof: grados de libertad del elemento
(Dof)
indice=elementNodes(e,:) ;
elementDof=[3*indice(1)-2 3*indice(1)-1
3*indice(1)...
3*indice(2)-2 3*indice(2)-1
3*indice(2)] ;
x1=nodeCoordinates(indice(1),1);
y1=nodeCoordinates(indice(1),2);
z1=nodeCoordinates(indice(1),3);
x2=nodeCoordinates(indice(2),1);
y2=nodeCoordinates(indice(2),2);
z2=nodeCoordinates(indice(2),3);
% Longitud de cada elemento
L = sqrt((x2-x1)^2+(y2-y1)^2+(z2-z1)^2);
% Cosenos directores
CXx = (x2-x1)/L; % en X
CYx = (y2-y1)/L; % en Y
CZx = (z2-z1)/L; % en Z
u=displacements(elementDof);
member_stress(e)=E/L*[-CXx -CYx -CZx CXx CYx
CZx]*u;
fprintf('%3d %12.8f\n',e, member_stress(e));
end
end