Mathematical Reasoning

2003
P2 Q8

(a) Is the following a statement or a non-statement.

4 is a prime number
(b) Write down two implications based on the following statement:
P R if and only if P R
The number of subsets in a set with 2 elements is
22.
The number of subsets in a set with 3 elements is
23.
The number of subsets in a set with 4 elements is
24.
(c) Based on the information above, make a general conclusion by induction
regarding the number of subsets in a set with k elements.

2004
P2 Q4

(a) State whether the following statement is true or false.

8 > 7 or 32 = 6
(b) Write down two implications based on the following statement:
m 3 = 1000 if and only if m =
10
(c) Write down premise 2 to complete the following argument:
Premise 1: All hexagons have six sides.
Premise 2: ______________________________________.
Conclusion: PQRSTU has six sides.

2005
P2 Q8

(a) State whether each of the following statement is true or false.

(i)
(ii)

8 2 = 4 and 82 = 16.
The elements of set A = {12, 15 18} are divisible by 3 or the elements
of set B = {4, 6, 8} are multiple of 4.

(b) Write down premise 2 to complete the following argument:

Premise 1: If x is greater than zero, then x is a positive number.
Premise 2: ______________________________________.
Conclusion: 6 is a positive number.
(c) Write down two implications based on the following statement:
3m > 15 if and only if m > 5
2006
P2 Q6

(a) Complete each of the following statements using the quantifier all and some so
that it will become a true statement.
(i) _____________ of the prime numbers are odd numbers.
(ii) _____________ pentagons have five sides.
(b) State the converse of the following statement and hense determine whether its
converse is true or false:
If x > 9, then x > 5
(c) Complete the premise in the following argument:
Premise 1: If set K is a subset of set L, then K L = L.
Premise 2: ______________________________________.

Conclusion: Set K is not a subset of set L.

2007
P2 Q7

(a) Complete the following statement using the quantifier all and some. To make it
a true statement.
_____________quadratic equations have two equal
roots.
(b) Write down premise 2 to complete the following argument:
Premise 1: If M is a multiple of 6, then M is a multiple of 3.
Premise 2: ______________________________________.
Conclusion: 23 is not a multiple of 6.
(c) Make a general conclusion by induction for the sequence of numbers 7, 14, 27,
which follows the following pattern.
7=
14=
27=
=

3(2)1 + 1
3(2)2 + 2
3(2)3 + 3
.

(d) Write down two implications based on the following statement:

p q > 0 if and only if p > q

Extra Exercise
1

(a) Write two implications from the sentence below.

x y
1 if and only if bx ay ab .
a b
(b) Complete the conclusion and premise in each of the arguments below.
Premise 1 : All rectangles have two diagonals of the same length.
Premise 2 : A square is a rectangle.
Conclusion:
2

(a) Complete the conclusion in the argument below.

Premise 1: If a number is a factor of 12, then the number is a factor of 48.
Premise 2: 7 is not a factor of 48.
Conclusion:
(b) Make a general conclusion by induction for the sequence of numbers 10, 35, 70, 115,
according to the pattern below:
10 = 5(2)2 10
35 = 5(3)2 10
70 = 5(4)2 10
115 = 5(5)2 10

(c) Determine whether each of the following statements is true or false.

(i) 72 = 14 or

3
4

0.75

(ii) 4 x 5 = 20 and 4 < 5