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Sistema de Sealizacin 7 (SS7)

Fredy Campos A.
f.campos@ieee.org
Carrera Profesional de Ingeniera Electrnica y Telecomunicaciones
Universidad Nacional Tecnolgica de Lima Sur
http://www.untecs.edu.pe/portal/
ver 1.0
2014
Objetivos
Revisar los principales conceptos de la red sealizacin

SS7 requeridos para implementaciones de softswitches.
2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org
Telefona Pblica - SS7
Agenda general
Fundamentos generales
Arquitectura de red
Niveles funcionales
Operacin
Fundamentos generales (1)

Definiciones de sealizacin
Sealizacin:
Proceso de generacin y manejo de informacin para establecer
conexiones telefnicas.
Establecimiento de llamada va
un operador manual vs. Intercambio
automtico.

Definiciones de sealizacin
Tipos:
De abonado: Seales que se manejan en la lnea de abonado para
ocupacin, supervisin y liberacin.
De red entre centrales: Referido al manejo de informacin entre
centrales de conmutacin para interconectar dos terminales.
Interna: Referido al manejo de informacin dentro de la central (no
estandarizado)
Internal signalling

Mtodos de sealizacin
Sealizacin en banda (In-band Signaling)

Status-oriented (on-hook/off-hook etc.)
Subscriber line
Tone-oriented (MFC signaling)
sealizacin
BW del medio
Sealizacin fuera de banda (Out-of-band)

Message oriented
sealizacin
BW del medio

Sealizacin asociada al canal (CAS)
Caracterstica
La capacidad de sealizacin es fija y dedicada por cada extremo y
por troncal, dentro de una determinado camino.
La sealizacin correspondiente a un circuito se transmite por el
mismo circuito.
Slo transporte informacin de sealizacin
La sealizacin es realizada por seales.
Algunas implementaciones
MF, R2, R1 y C5
Frecuencia simple (SF) en banda y fuera de banda
Robbed bit signaling

Sealizacin asociada al canal (CAS)
Multitrama
2
16
Bandera
de inicio
31 1
Trama 0
16
S canales
1 y 17
31
Trama 1
16
S canales
15 y 31
31
Trama 15
Voz
S
Voz
S
Voz
S
Sealizacin viaja en cada troncal

Sealizacin de canal comn (CCS)
Caractersticas
Utiliza una va comn para un nmero determinado de circuitos
vocales, donde transmite toda la informacin de sealizacin.
Transporta informacin de sealizacin y adicionalmente gestin y
mantenimiento de la red.
La sealizacin se basa en mensajes
Implementaciones
C6
C7

Sealizacin de canal comn (CCS)
Circuitos de voz para el
canal de sealizacin
Voz
Enlace
Enlace
Enlace
Unidad de
control
Terminal de
sealizacin
Enlace
Voz
Voz
Enlace
Enlace
Terminal de
sealizacin
Unidad de
control
10
Arquitectura de red (1)

Tpica red SS7
SP : Signaling Point
SSP : Service Switching Point
STP : Signal Transfer Point
SCP : Service Control Point
SCP
STP
STP
STP
STP
Signaling
Links
SSP
Traffic Circuits (bearer channels)
SP
SP
SSP
11

Tpica red SS7
12

Componentes
SSP: Service Switching Point

STP: Signal Transfer Point
SCP: Service Control Point
13

Componentes
SSP (Service Switching Point)

End office or tandem switches that connect voice circuits and
perform the necessary signaling functions to originate and
terminate calls
14

Componentes
STP (Service Transfer Point)

Routes all the signaling messages in the SS7 network
15

Componentes
SCP (Service Control Point)

Provides access to databases for additional routing info used in
call processing. Also, the SCP is the key element for delivering IN
apps on the telephony network
16

Modos de sealizacin
Signaling mode defines the relationship between the signaling

path and the audio path.
Types:
Associated Signaling
Nonassociated Signaling
Quasi-associated Signaling
17

Modos de sealizacin
Associated Mode
Voice trunks and signaling trunks share the same physical path.
SP-B
SP-A
Speech/Data Channel
Signaling Channel
SP-C
18

Modos de sealizacin
Quasi-associated Mode
Signaling follows a different route than the switched traffic to which
it refers, requiring the signaling to traverse at least one
intermediate node.
SP-B
SP-A
SP-C
Speech/Data Channel
Signaling Channel
19

Modos de sealizacin
Non-associated Mode
Use a separate logical path from the actual voice
Multiple signaling nodes usually are used to reach the final destination,
whereas the voice may be a direct path to the destination.
To ensure short call-setup times and minimize signaling delay, the number
of STP hops should be minimized
Voice Path
SP-B
SP-A
Signaling Path
SP-C
STP
STP
20

Planos conceptuales de SS7
Signalling Plane
SP (SSP)
STP
STP
SP (SCP)
SP (SSP)
SP (SSP)
SP (SCP)
STP
STP
Signalling Network
SP (SSP)
Exchange
Exchange
Transport Network
Exchange
Exchange
Switching Plane
21

Enlaces de sealizacin
Link A:
An "A" (access) link connects a signaling end point (SCP or SSP) to
an STP. Only messages originating from or destined to the
signaling end point are transmitted on an "A" link.
22

Enlaces de sealizacin
Link F:
An "F" (fully associated) link connects two signaling end points
(SSPs and SCPs). "F links are not usually used in networks with
STPs. In networks without STPs, "F" links directly connect
signaling points.
23
Niveles funcionales (1)

Comparando con el modelo OSI
OSI Layers
SS7 Layers
Application
User
Application
Parts
Presentation
Session
Transport
SCCP
Network
MTP Level 3
MTP Level 2
MTP Level 1
Data Link
Physical
24

Comparando con el modelo OSI
25

Stack SS7
OMAPOperations, Maintenance and Administration Part

TCAPTransaction Capabilities Application Part
ISUPIntegrated Services Digital Network User Part
SCCPSignaling Connection Control Part
MTPMessage Transfer Part
TUPTelephone User Part (Older than ISUP)
OMAP
AIN
Routing
Mgmt.
AIN Services
MAP
TCAP
Non-Circuit Applications
Call
Processing
ISDN User
Part (ISUP)
CircuitRelated
Services
Null
T
U
P
OSI Reference Model
Application
Presentation, Session,
Transport
SCCP
Enhanced Addressing,
Connectionless/Connection Oriented Services
Network
Level 3
MTP
Network
Message Discrimination/Distribution/
Routing, Network Management
SU Delimitation/Alignment, Error Detection/Correction,

Retransmission, SUERM, Alignment, Flow Control
Level 2
Link
Level 1
Data Link
Link Connection, Bit Rate, Voltages
Data Link
Physical
26

Stack SS7
27

Descripcin
Parte de Transferencia de Mensaje (MTP)
Responsable de transportar los mensajes entre partes de usuarios del
mismo tipo
Mensajes con fallos se corrigen antes de entregarse
Secuencia correcta
Sin prdida ni duplicidad
Parte de Usuario
Generan y analizan los mensajes. Usan MTP como medio de transporte
Tipos principales
TUP: Parte de Usuario de Telefona

ISUP: Parte de Usuarios de Servicios Integrados
MUP: Parte de Usuario Mvil
DUP: Parte de Usuario de Datos
28

Descripcin
MTP1:
Equivalent to the OSI Physical Layer, defines the physical, electrical and
functional characteristics of the digital signaling link.
Physical interfaces defined include E-1 (2048 kb/s; 32 64 kb/s channels),
DS-1 (1544 kb/s; 24 64 kp/s channels), V.35 (64 kb/s), DS-0 (64 kb/s)
and DS-0A (56 kb/s).
MTP2:
Ensures accurate end-to-end transmission of a message cross a signaling
link.
Implements flow control, message sequence validation and error checking.
When an error occurs on a signaling link, the message (or set of
messages) is retransmitted.
MTP3:
Provides message routing between signaling points in the SS7 network.
29
Operacin (1)
Unidades de seal
SS7 es una tecnologa de conmutacin de paquetes

Las unidades de sealizacin (SU) son flujos continuos de bits en 64kbps
Se ubican en el nivel MTP2
Tipos:
FISU (Fill-In Signal Unit)

Are transmitted continuously on a signaling link in both directions unless
other signal units (MSUs or LSSUs) are present. FISUs carry basic Level
2 information only
LSSU (Link Status Signal Unit)
Carry one or two octets (8-bit bytes) of link status information between
signaling points at either end of a link.
Link status is used to control link alignment and to indicate the status of a
signaling point (e.g., local processor outage) to the remote signaling point.
MSU (Message Signal Unit)
Carry all call control, database query and response, network management
and network maintenance data in the signaling information field.
Have a routing label, which allows an originating signaling point to send
information to a destination signaling point across the network
30
Operacin (2)
Unidades de seal
FISU
LSSU
MSU
Error Correction
31
Operacin (3)
Unidades de seal MTP2
32
Operacin (4)
Delimitacin del SIU
Control de Flujo
33
Operacin (5)
Etiquetas de enrutamiento
Etiquetas de enrutamiento
ITU-T
Campos SIO
34
Operacin (6)
ISUP - Descripcin
Features
ITU Q.764 defines the ISUP timers and their value ranges
Types:
T7 awaiting address complete timer
T8 awaiting continuity timer
T9 awaiting answer timer
T1 release complete timer
T5 initial release complete timer
Basic message flow

Setup
Conversation (or data exchange for voice-band data calls)
Release
35
Operacin (7)
ISUP - Mensajera
36
Operacin (8)
ISUP - Mensajera
37
Operacin (9)
ISUP Llamada usuario - usuario
Phone
Switch
Switch
SS7
Phone
Off hook
Dial tone
Digits
IAM
IAM
setup
Ring tone
ACM
ACM
alerting
Connect
ANM
ANM
Off hook
CONN ACK
DISCONN
REL
REL
DISCONN
RELEASE
RLC
RLC
RELEASE
REL ACK
38
Operacin (10)
ISUP Llamada usando Tandem
39
Operacin (11)
ISUP Mensajes
Address Complete
Answer
Blocking
Call Modification Completed
Call Modification Request
Call Modification Reject
Call Progress
Circuit Group Blocking
Circuit Group Blocking Ack
Circuit Group Query
Circuit Group Query Response
Circuit Group Reset
Circuit Group Reset Ack

Circuit Group unblocking
Circuit Group Unblocking Ack
Charge Information
Confusion
Connect
Continuity Check Request
Delayed Release
Facility Accepted
facility Reject
Facility Request
Forward Transfer
SFSW-L02_v1.0
40
40
Operacin (12)
ISUP Mensajes
Information Request
Initial Address
Loop back Ack
Overload
Pass-along
Release
Release Complete
Reset Circuit
Resume
Subsequent Address
Suspend
Unblocking
Unblocking Ack
Unequipped CIC
User to user Information
41
Fredy Campos A.
f.campos@ieee.org
Carrera Profesional de Ingeniera Electrnica y Telecomunicaciones
Universidad Nacional Tecnolgica de Lima Sur
http://www.untecs.edu.pe/portal/
42

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Sistema de Sealizacin 7 (SS7)

Revisar los principales conceptos de la red sealizacin

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Fundamentos generales (1)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Fundamentos generales (2)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Fundamentos generales (3)

Sealizacin en banda (In-band Signaling)

Sealizacin fuera de banda (Out-of-band)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Fundamentos generales (4)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Fundamentos generales (5)

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Fundamentos generales (6)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Fundamentos generales (7)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Arquitectura de red (1)

Traffic Circuits (bearer channels)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Arquitectura de red (2)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Arquitectura de red (3)

SSP: Service Switching Point

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Arquitectura de red (4)

SSP (Service Switching Point)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Arquitectura de red (5)

STP (Service Transfer Point)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Arquitectura de red (6)

SCP (Service Control Point)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Arquitectura de red (7)

Signaling mode defines the relationship between the signaling

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Arquitectura de red (8)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Arquitectura de red (9)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org

Telefona Pblica - SS7

Arquitectura de red (10)

2014 | Fredy Campos | f.campos@ieee.org