1. .

What is the way to avoid the occurrence of disasters, especially in factories and
plants?
a. The peoples right to know everything concerning the factories and plants and their
products.
b. Shift factories and plants to remote regions
c. Total ban on the use of their production.
d. Safety rules and regulations followed strictly
2. One of the most suitable place for dumping non recyclable solid but not nuclear
wastes:
a. Subduction zone b. Dead volcanoes c. Faults d. Rifts valleys.
3. Which of the following is correctly matched:
a. Ecology Study of organisms in relation to their environment
b. Synecology Study of interrelationships among communities of organisms
c. Autecology Study of individual organism in an ecosystem
d. All of the above
4. Urban smogs:
i. are aggravated by ultra violet radiation
ii. are more severe on a sunny day
iii. are formed further from the source of pollution
iv. are resultant of temperature inversion
Select the correct code :
a. i and iv b. i and iii c. i, iii and iv d. i,ii, iii and iv
5. Why are wetlands important?
i. They act as a cleanser of water and air
ii. They help in reducing the growth of aquatic plant weeds.
iii. They provide habitat to millions of organism
iv. They can be used as storage basins which release water slowly and when required
Select the correct code:
a. i, ii and iii b. ii, iii and iv c. i and iv d. i,ii,iii and iv
6. Which of the following is/ are example(s) of wetlands:
i. Kelp forest
ii. Areas around Barrier Reef
iii. Peat bog
a. i only b. ii only c. iii only d. All of the above
7. Why potassium iodide pills are used in case of a nuclear meltdown? a. Potassium iodide pills blocks the carcinogenous Iodine 131
b. Potassium iodide pills provide protection against radionuclide
c. Thyroid gland does not distinguish between radioactive and non radioactive
iodine
d. Once the requirement of iodine is filled by thyroid then it cant absorb iodine any
more
8. Which of the following is not correct about regarding Biosphere Reserves?
a. They provide in situ conservation of natural ecosystems

b. They are set up with the sole objective of sustainable development

c. Sustainable development of human population living within and around the reserve
d. Provides facilities for long term ecological studies only for research purposes that
benefit a particular country
9. Which of the following parameters are used to measure the air quality for National
Air Quality Monitoring Programme?
i. Suspended particulate matter ii. Respirable suspended particulate matter iii. Sulphur
dioxide iv. Nitrogen dioxide v. Lead vi. Carbon Monoxide
Select the correct code:
a. i, ii and iii
b. i, ii, iii and iv
c. i, ii, iii, iv and v
d. i, ii, iii, iv, v and vi
10. Silence zones according to Noise Pollution Control Rules, comprise of area upto
100 meters surrounding
i. Educational institutions
ii. Institutes of National Importance
iii. Legislative Assembly Complex
iv. Hospitals
v. National Museums
vi. Courts
Select correct code:
a. i, ii and iv b. ii, iv and vi c. i, iv and vi
d. i, iii and iv
11. Based on various sources water footprint consists of various water footprints.
Which of the following is correct about Blue water footprint?
a. It relates to all the water present on the globe
b. It relates to surface and ground water
c. It is water obtained from precipitation
d. None of the above
12. Carrying capacity refers to
a. maximum population size that can be supported indefinitely upon available
resources and services of that ecosystem
b. maximum area that supported a particular population size
c. amount of biologically productive land and water needed to supply a population
size
d. land, water and other resources collectively required to sustain a population size
13. What makes access to the rainforests difficult?
a. Trees are tied by lianas and epiphytes
b. Logs of broken trees and epiphytes both are the reasons
c. Rainforest vegetation has a stratified vegetation
d. Sunlight reaches the exterior but not in the interior
14. Assertion(A) : So many species are found near tropics.
Reason(R): The area of tropics is far more than the polar areas
Choose the correct code:
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct reason for it
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false and R is true

15. Why do rainforests look so abundant and rich?

i. Soils are richer in rainforests
ii. They have a thin cover of organic matter
iii. Nutrient rich biomass
iv. Higher temperatures support lush vegetation
v. Lack of evaporation
Select the correct code:
a. i and iii
b. iii and iv
c. i, iii and v
d. iii, iv and v
16. Idea of forests as carbon sinks was mooted and welcomed at Kyoto Protocol, but
then dropped later. Why forests as carbon sinks is not a viable solution?
a. Increase in forest area is not the same proportion as that of increase of CO2
b. Forests will destroy more quickly than ever
c. When atmospheric levels of CO2 rise rates of photosynthesis and chemical
breakdown increases releasing more CO2 in the atmosphere
d. It was not supported by the countries which had enough of forests
17. Animal adaptations to the desert
i. Dormant when its dry and mature when it rains
ii. Many birds and rodents reproduce only during or after winter rain promoting plant
growth
iii. Conservation and recycling of water
iv. Maximal use of daylight
Select the correct code:
a. i, ii and iii
b. ii, iii and iv
c. i, ii and iv
d. All of the above
18. Which of the following are included in Protected Area Network?
i. Biosphere Reserves
ii. Natural Monuments
iii. National Parks
iv. Cultural landscapes
v. Sanctuary
vi. Natural reserves
Select the correct code:
a. i, iii, v and vi
b. i, iii and v
c. i, ii, iii and v
d. i, ii, iii, iv, v
and vi
19. Who are environmental refugees?
a. People who are forced to leave their traditional habitats because of environmental
degradation
b. People who take refuge in forests and abandon the worldly life for the sake of
environment
c. It is the researchers who dedicate a large part of life in bioprospecting
d. Cassandras who believe that technological and population growth will destroy the
environment
20. India is a member of Arctic Council. Which of the following regarding Arctic
is/are correct ?
i. Area north of the Arctic circle (66 1/2degreesN)

ii. Area north of 10 degrees summer isotherm

iii. Area north of tree line
Select the correct code:
a. i only
b. ii only
c. i, ii and iii
d. None of the above is correct as Arctic has obvious boundary
21. The third generation of biofuels through photoproduction of algae and
cyanobacteria will produce which of following gases as biofuels?
a. Methane
b. Biogas
c. Hydrogen
d. Alcohol
22. Which of the following are measures by the government to conserve biodiversity?
i. Notification of Biosphere Reserve
ii. National Water Mission
iii. Wildlife Institute of India
iv. Environment (Protection) Act
v. Rajiv Gandhi Awas Yojana
vi. River Valley Projects
Select the correct code:
a. i, ii and iv
b. i, iii and iv
c. ii, iii and vi d. i, ii, iii, iv, v and vi
23. Consider the following
i. Troposphere ii. Euphotic zone iii. Stratosphere iv. Photic zone v. Mesophere vi.
Aphotic zone
Which of the above form a part of the biosphere?
a. i, ii, iii, iv and v b. ii, iii, iv, v and vi c. i, iii, iv, v and vi d. i, ii, iii, iv and vi
24. Which of the following about eco mark of the government is/are correct?
i. Spreads awareness amongst consumers
ii. Provision of incentives to manufacturers
iii. There is also a provision of rewarding initiatives by the companies to reduce
impact
iv. It is a one time mark without need of renewal
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a. i, ii and iii b. ii, iii and iv c. i, ii and iv
d. i, ii, iii and iv
25. .. Biosphere reserve is termed as the last stronghold of many
Himalayan species. This also forms a part of worlds Biodiversity Hotspot. Majorly
inhabited by Adi, Budhhhist and Mishmi tribes. Takin and Vanda orchid are,
respectively, the faunal and floral rarities to be found here. The blank is filled by a. Dibru Saikhowa Biosphere Reserve
b. Kangchendzonga Biosphere
c. Dihang Dibang Biosphere Reserve
d. Nokrek Biosphere Reserve
26. Which of the pyramids can be inverted?
I .Pyramids of number ii. Pyramid of biomass iii. Pyramid of energy
Select the correct code:
a. I, ii and iii b. ii and iii c. I and ii d. I and iii
27. Why are wind turbines made so tall?
a. Because the pressure decreases at height

b. Temperature decreases with the increase at height

c. Frictional force reduces with height
d. Frictional force and pressure decrease with increase in height
28. Which of the following suffers greatest from the threat of desertification?
a. South America b. Africa c. Asia d. Eurasia
29. Why ex situ conservation technique is not really beneficial?
i. Genetic adaptation occurs in the animals
ii. Captivity makes them incapable of living in wild
iii. Represents only a limited portion of gene pool of the species.
Select the correct code:
a. i and ii b. ii and iii c. i and iii d. i, ii and iii
30. According central sand mining law, the authority to grant clearance to san d
mining projects rests with
a. Ministry of Environment and Forest
b. State Environment Impact Assessment Authority
c. Ministry of Urban Development
d. Both a and b
31. Consider the following about Aerosol effect and identify which is correct:
a. Aerosols act as negate climate forcers thus help in cooling the earth surface
b. They are positive climate forcers and are have negative impact on earths
atmosphere
c. They are negative climate forcers and have a role in global warming
d. They are positive climate forcers but have a negative impact on the atmospheric
temperature
32. Walker circulation which impacts the monsoon system in India majorly belongs to
which of the following?
a. Indian Ocean
b. Pacific Ocean c. Indian and Pacific Ocean d. Atlantic
Ocean
33. Which of the following will affect climate forcing ?
i. Aerosols ii. Greenhouse Gases iii. Albedo (Surface reflectivity)
Select the correct code:
a. i, ii and iii
b. i and ii
c. i and iii
d. ii only
34. Consider the following statements about ocean acidification:
i. Negative aragonite concentration implies a higher degree of ocean acidification
ii. Coral reefs bleaching is a sign of ocean acidification
iii. As a result of ocean acidification, effects of global warming are reduced
Select the correct code:
a. i only
b. ii only c. iii only
d. All of the above
35. Consider the following adaptations in hydrophytes:
i. Roots are significant
ii. Stems are long, slender and spongy
iii. Leaves are ribbon like
iv. Leaves may be large, flat

Which of the above are correct?

a. i, ii and iii
b. i, ii and iv c. ii, iii and iv d. i, ii, iii and iv
36. Outer Himalaya has luxuriant vegetation than inner Himalayas. What could be the
reasons for it?
i. Temperature is higher over outer Himalayas
ii. Moisture laden wind do not reach inner Himalayas
iii. Altitude of inner Himalayas is more than outer Himalayas
iv. Outer Himalayas are found on the southern slopes in the Northern Hemisphere
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
a. i and ii
b. i and iv
c. ii and iv d. iii and iv
37. Which of the place(s) in India support(s) ecotonal species? i. Wular Lake ii. Sambhar Lake iii. Chilika Lake iv. Ashthamudi Lake
Select the correct code:
a. i only
b. ii only c.iii only d. i, ii, iii and iv
38. If a keystone species is removed from the ecosystem then?
a. The food chain will break
b. Ecology will degrade
c. All the organisms will die
d. None of the above is correct
39. Which of the following is the most productive aquatic ecosystem?
a. Estuary
b. Eutrophic lake c. Continental shelf d. High sea
40. A build up of carbon dioxide threaten Coral reefs in which of the following ways?

a. Higher temperatures cannot be survived by them

b. It will cause a higher pH
c. It will cause depletion in CaCO3 concentration
d. All of the above are correct
41. Photochemical smog results from the reaction of
a. Sunlight, unburned hydrocarbons, ozone
b. Sunlight, sulphur di oxide and nitrogen oxides
c. Sunlight, nitrogen oxides and ozone
d. Sunlight, unburned hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and ozone
42. How is a Run of the River(ROR) hydroelectric project different from normal
hydro electric projects?
a. ROR project harnesses seasonal flow of water during monsoon or floods
b. There is no storage impounded by an ROR project
c. Both a and b are correct
d. None of the above
43. The government of India has set up a programme for promoting the use of
Geotextiles , especially in the North Eastern states . How geo - textiles shall help
these states?
a. They are obtained from fields wholly devoted for the production of textiles to
promote the industry in these areas

b. Geo - textiles are eco friendly textiles the production of which help in generating
employment
c. They are used in civil engineering as to avoid landslides in these places
d. Geo textiles are textiles which cover the surface of the earth so as to reduce the
superficial heating
44. At which of the following places will you find Coral Reefs in India?
a. Gulf of Mannar, Sunderbans and Andaman and Nicobar
b. Andaman and Nicobar, Lakshadweep and Gulf of Kutchh
c. Andaman Nicobar, Gulf of Mannar, Lakshadweep
d. Both b and c are correct
45. Heat Islands are to be found in
a. Desert areas b. Polar areas c. Urban areas d. Oceans
46. Through which of the following methods can soil be preserved?
i. Terraced farming
ii. Mulching
iii. Contour bunding
iv. No tillage farming
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
a. i, ii and iii b. ii, iii and iv c. i, iii and iv
d. i, ii, iii and iv
47. Which of the following causes a tsunami?
a. Earthquakes b. Submarine landslides c. Impact of meteor d. All of the above
48. Which of the following biosphere reserve has been recently added as a biosphere
in the Man and Biosphere Reserve Programme (MAB) of UNESCO?
a. Great Nicobar Reserve b. Gulf of Munnar c. Nilgiri Reserve d. Sunderban
Reserve
49. Why do desert plants bloom at night?
a. As they are pollinated by night flying insects
b. They develop well in dark
c. Desert plants lack moisture
d. None of the above
50. Which of the following are the conditions for the declaration of a biodiversity
hotspot?
i. Biodiversity richness
ii. Loss of biodiversity
iii. Presence of endemic species
iv. Region is under threat from humans
Select correct code:
a. i, ii and iii
b. i, ii and iv
c. ii, iii and iv
d. All of the above options are
correct
51. Which of the following is/are incorrect statements?
i. Indina Rhinos are classified as Critically endangered species
ii. A Rhino horn is made up of Keratin and hence incapable of regeneration
iii. Female Indian Rhinos dont have horns while African female rhinos have horns

iv. Indian rhinos hove one horn and three toes while Africna rhinos have two horns
and two toes
Answer choice:
a. only I and ii b. only ii and iv c. only i, iii and iv d, All of the the above
52. Which of the following species are found in the Temperate Alpine climate of
India?
i. Blue sheep
ii. Tahr
iii. Golden Eagle
iv. Griffon Vulture
Select the correct code:
a. Only i and ii b. Only ii and iv

c. Only i, iii and iv d. All of the the above

53. Which of the following is a critically endangered species in India?

i. Himalayan Brown Bear
ii. Kalij Pheasant
iii. Himalayan Griffon Vulture
iv. Goldne Eagle
Select the correct code:
a. only I and ii b. only ii and iv c. only i, iii and iv

d. None of the above

54. Consider the following statements about Basel Convention?

i. it is an international treaty that was designed to reduce the movements of hazardous
waste between nations.
ii. It specifically focuses on to prevent transfer of hazardous waste from developed to
less developed countries
iii. It also addresses the movement of radioactive waste between different nations
Select the correct code
a. Only I and ii b. Only ii and iii c. Only I and iii

d. All of the above

55. Consider the following statements about Temperate Deciduous Forests

i. These are found in the north eastern part of USA, China, New Zealand, Chile and
also found in coastal regions of Western Europe
ii. They shed their leaves in the winter season
Which of the above is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. Only ii
c. Both I and ii

d. Neither I nor ii

56. Recently a combination of bio-ozolyte treatment process and bio-remediation has

been used to recover polluted water bodies by the government to save the Ooty Lake.
What does the term bioremediation implies?
1. Bioremediation is a process that uses microorganisms or their enzymes to return the
environment altered by contaminants to its original condition.
2. When used in water bodies, it increases the dissolved oxygen (DO), by bringing
down the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD).

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) Both 1 & 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
57. GHGs are beneficial for the human existence as without it the earth would have
been cooler, and far too cold for life to exist. But few GHGs are generated only
through anthropogenic activities such as:
1. Methane
2. Nitrous oxide
3. Sulfur hexafluoride
4. Perfluorocarbons
Which of the facts given above are correct?
(a) Only 2, 3 & 4 (b) Only 1, 2 & 3 (c) Only 3 & 4 (d) Only 1 & 4
58. Consider the following statements about Ramsar Convention.
1. The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty for the conservation and
sustainable utilization of wetlands.
2. Under the convention definition of wetlands include "areas of marine water the
depth of which at low tide does not exceed six meters" as well as fish ponds, rice
paddies and salt pans.
3. The nation with the highest number of sites under the convention is China.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only 1 & 2
(b) Only 2 & 3 (c) Only 1 & 3

(d) All of the above

59. A 'carbon footprint' is a measure of the greenhouse gas emissions associated with
an activity, group of activities or a product. A carbon footprint is made up of the sum
of two parts, the primary foot print and the secondary footprint. Match the following
activities with the correct form of carbon footprint.
List 1
List 2
A. Burning of fossil fuels
1. Primary footprint
B. Production of garbage
2. Secondary footprint
C. Use of light bulbs at homes 3. Primary footprint
D. Irrigation
4. Secondary footprint
Select the correct code:
(a) A-2; B-3; C-4; D-1
(b) A-1; B-4; C-3; D-2
(c) A-3; B-1; C-2; D-4
(d) A-4; B-1; C-3; D-2
60. Study of pug marks can provide the certain information such as:
1. Presence of different species in the area of study.
2. Population of large cats (tigers, lions etc.).
3. Sex ratio of large cats.
4. It helps in determination of age also.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only 1 & 2
(b) Only 2, 3 & 4 (c) Only 1, 2 & 4
(d) All of the above
61. Consider the following statements related to the advantages of crop rotation:
1. It helps in reducing the pollution by nitrogen in natural resources.

2. Crop rotation helps to minimize the growth of weeds that needs to be eradicated
and so reducing the use of fertilizers.
3. Lead to higher soil-carbon content and so contribute to combating climate change.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only 1 & 2
(b) Only 2 & 3
(c) Only 1 & 3
(d) All of the
above
62. A clean technology involves.
1. Green transportation
2. Switching an energy source from coal or other fossil fuels
3. Green Chemistry
4. Reducing carbon footprint
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only 1 & 2 (b) Only 1, 2 & 3
(c) Only 2, 3 & 4 (d) All of the above
63. Consider the following statements related to the concept of urban heat island:
1. Urban heat islands impact occur on the surface only and not in the atmosphere.
2. Urban heat island is observed during both summer and winter.
3. The temperature difference between the urban heat island and its surroundings is
usually larger at day than during the night.
Which of the statements given above are Correct?
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) Only 1 & 3
(d) Only 2 & 3
64. Consider the following statements
i. Biodiversity is normally greater in the lower latitudes as compared to the higher
latitudes
ii. Along the mountain gradient, biodiversity is normally greater in the lower altitudes
as compared to higher altitudes
Which of the statements is/are correct?
a. I only
b. ii only
c. Both I and ii
d. Neither I nor ii
65. India has . Biodiversity hotspotsa. Two
b. Three
c. Four

d. One

66. Which of the following is correct about Red List of endangered species?
i. It is jointly prepared by IUCN and UNEP under UNFCCC
ii. It classifies species in 3 categories only
Select the correct codea. Only I
b. Only ii
c. Both I and ii d. None of the above
67. Which of the following is correct about CITES?
i. It contains provisions to protect wildlife species form illegal trade, habitat
destruction and climate change
ii. It releases Red List of Endangered species with the help of IUCN
Select the correct code
a. Only I
b. Only ii

c. Both I and ii

d. None of the above

68. Consider the following statements related to noise pollution:

1. Noise is not considered as the form of environmental pollution as it does not have
impact on ecosystem.
2. The loudest sound that a person can stand without discomfort is about 80 decibels.
Which of the above is/are correct?
a. I only
b. ii only
c. Both I and ii

d. Neither I nor ii

69. The objectives of social forestry scheme are:

1. Forestation in lands outside forest areas.
2. Democratization and decentralization of forest resource.
3. Increasing the yield of non-timber forest products like fruit, firewood, fodder, etc
only
Select the correct code
a. Only I and ii
b. Only ii and iii
c. Both I and iii d. All of the
above
70. Consider the following statements related to human impact on the flow of carbon
cycle:
1. Carbon monoxide forms from the heat and pressures found in a car engine which
releases huge amount of carbon.
2. Deforestation of timber and farms decreases removal of carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere by photosynthesis.
3. The burning of trees also produces carbondi-oxide stored in it.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only 1 & 2
(b) Only 2 & 3
(c) Only 1 & 3 (d) All of the above
71. Consider the following statements related to river dolphins:
1. The presence of river dolphin represents the purity of the holy Ganges as it can
only survive in pure and fresh water.
2. The Ganges river dolphin has been recognized by the government of India as its
National Aquatic Animal.
3. 'My Ganga, My Dolphin' is a collaborative effort of IUCN - India and the forest
department of Bihar.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only 1 & 2
(b) Only 2 & 3
(c) Only 1 & 3

(d) All of the above

72. Consider the following about the Blue Carbon:

1. The blue carbon denotes the carbon released by living organisms in oceans stored
in the form of biomass and sediments.
2. When mangroves, seagrasses die they release their stores of carbon and become
new sources of climate change causing carbon emissions.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) Both 1 & 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
73. What are the advantages of GM crops over traditional crops?
a. They are better equipped against biotic and abiotic stresses
b. High resistance to disease, insects, weeds
c. Better in value and nutrient composition

d. Not only that they are resistant to climatic changes, they are more capable to with
stand natural occurrences like droughts, floods
74. The second generation biofuels are
a. Made from difficult to digest sources plant stems, wood chips, cardboard waste or
insect/ crustacean shells
b. Made from molasses taken form liquor industry which are result of fermentation
c. made from jatropha trees being planted in huge number by Government of India
d. None of these
75. The use of microorganism metabolism to remove pollutants such as oil spills in
the water bodies is known as :
[A]Biomagnification [B]Bioremediation [C]Biomethanation [D]Bioreduction
76. The largest number of Tiger Reserves are located in :
[A]Karnataka
[B]Andhra Pradesh [C]Madhya Pradesh [D]West Bengal
77. The Siberian Crane, an endangered migratory bird is a regular visitor of which of
the following national park/bird sanctuaries:
[A]Ranganathittu bird sanctuary
[B]Keoladeo national park
[C]Vedanthangal bird sanctuary
[D]Sultanpur bird sanctuary
78. In an ecotone, the species which become abundant are called:
[A]Edge species [B]Keystone species [C]Endemic species [D]Foster species
79. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
[A]Photochemical smog always contains Ozone.
[B]The toxic effect of Carbon Monoxide is due to its greater affinity for haemoglobin
as compared to oxygen.
[C]Lead is the most hazardous metal pollutant of automobile exhaust.
[D]None of the above
80. Which of the following is not among the four coral reef regions of India identified
by the Government for intensive conservation and management?
[A]Gulf of Mannar [B]Gulf of Khambat [C]Lakshadweep Islands [D]Andaman
and Nicobar Islands
81. In Nitrogen Cycle, soil nitrates are transformed into free nitrogen by:
[A]Nitrifying bacteria [B]Denitrifying bacteria [C]Ammonifying bacteria
[D]Both [A] and[C]
82. An aquatic plant introduced from America to check pollution turned out to be a
troublesome weed in Indian water bodies. The name of this invasive alien species is
:
[A]Opuntia [B]Aegilops [C]Eichhornia
[D]Pistia
83. Consider the following about thorium
1. Thorium is a fissile material and is abundant more in nature than Uranium.

2. The most common source of thorium is the monazite, nearly half of the world
deposits are found in India.
3. Thorium fuels breed fissile uranium-233.
Which of the statements given above are incorrect?
(a) Only 1 & 2 (b) Only 2 & 3 (c) Only 1 & 3 (d) None of the above
84. Energy related activities lead to the pollution. Which of the following mentioned
activities are source of water pollution?
1. Stockpiling of nuclear weapons
2. Hot water discharge from thermal water plants.
3. Runoffs from mining sites.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 & 3
(c) Only 1 & 3 (d) None of these
85. Consider the following statements related to challenges faced by coal sector in
India.
1. Majority of the coal projects have been halted and delayed due to issues in
acquiring land and strict rules and regulations.
2. Recently GOI has allowed the drilling of coal bed methane from coal reserve which
in turn reduces the quality of coal in India.
Identify the correct code:
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
(c) Both 1 & 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
86. The importance of coral reefs especially for the tropical waters are:
1. The zooxanthellae algae symbiotic with corals remove carbon dioxide from the air.
2. Make carbohydrates available as food.
3. The warm water limits nutrients essential for life thus helps in maintaining
temperature.
4. Assist in recycling of the nutrients.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only 1, 2 & 3 (b) Only 2, 3 & 4
(c) Only 2 & 3 (d) Only 1, 3 & 4
87. Consider the following statements related to horticulture sector in India.
1. It led to development of 'terminal markets' for fruits, vegetables and other
perishable goods.
2. Horticulture Sector includes medicinal and aromatic crops also.
3. It acts as an input for agro-based industries.
Identify the correct code:
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 1 & 2
(c) Only 2 & 3
(d) All of the above
88. For achieving a sustainable land use, which of the following initiative should be
taken?
1. Treat degraded lands.
2. Computerization of land records.
3. Use of localized irrigation method to avoid soil erosion.
Which of the above initiatives are correct?
(a) Only 1 & 2 (b) Only 2 & 3
(c) Only 1 & 3 (d) All of the above
89. Which of the following pair is related to the goods and services provided by
ecosystems:

1. Salt - Goods
2. Sequester atmospheric carbon - Goods
3. Contribute to aesthetic beauty - Services
4. Control weather extremes and impacts -Services
5. Seaweeds - Goods
Select the correct code:
(a) Only 1, 2 & 3 (b) Only 3, 4 & 5
(c) Only 1, 2, 4 & 5 (d) All of the above
90. 54. Consider the following statements related to the term "Reserve Forests":
1. The term was first introduced in the Indian Forest Act, 1927 in British India, to
refer to certain forests granted protection under the British crown in British India
2. Rights to activities like hunting and grazing are given to communities living on the
fringes of the forest, who sustain their livelihood partially or wholly from forest
resources or products.
3. The first Reserve Forest of India was Corbett National Park
4. It is declared by respective State governments.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only 2, 3 & 4
(b) Only 1, 2 & 3 (c) Only 1, 3 & 4 (d) All of the above
91. What does the term "Green Road" signifies?
(a) Roads are constructed using natural rubber latex blended with asphalt emulsion.
(b) Sustainable development of roads without clearing of vast tracks of trees.
(c) Use of cold mix technology for construction of roads.
(d) Diesel is not used as a source of energy for construction of roads
92. Consider the following statements related to the major fishing grounds of the
world:
1. The meeting of cold and warm currents in the fishing grounds creates clear sky thus
sun rays penetrate more.
2. The best fishing grounds are found above continental shelves which are not more
than 200 metres below the water surface.
3. The meeting of cold and warm currents allows the water to be well aerated.
4. Marine life is found to be best developed in Oceans with a temperature above 20C.
Select the correct code:
(a) Only 1 & 4
(b) Only 2 & 3
(c) Only 1, 2 & 4
(d) Only 1, 3 & 4
93. Consider the following statements:
1. A large gene pool indicates extensive genetic diversity.
2. Low genetic diversity can increase chances of extinction.
3. Genetic drift can help, if population is small, to save from extinction.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only 1 & 2
(b) Only 2 & 3
(c) Only 1 & 3 (d) All of the above
94. Consider the following.
1. Central American Highland Forests
2. Western Ghats
3. Eastern Madagascar
4. Temperate Andes
Which of the above has been identified as biodiversity hotspots by IUCN?
(a) Only 1, 2 & 3 (b) Only 1 & 2
(c) Only 2, 3 & 4 (d) All of the above

95. Consider the following statements about the Ecological Sensitive Area (ESA).
1. It is a bio-climatic unit wherein human impacts have locally caused irreversible
changes in the structure of biological communities and their natural habitats.
2. Protected areas in contrast to ESA, largely focused on flagship species and their
habitats, leaves out small, unique habitats.
3. ESA's may have protected areas embedded in them, of various extents.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only 1 & 2 (b) Only 1 & 3
(c) Only 2 & 3 (d) All of the above
96. Consider the following statements.
1. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is a set of rating systems
for the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of green buildings only.
2. LEED is developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC).
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only 1

(b) Only 2

(c) Both 1 & 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

97. Consider the following statements.

1. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important management tool for
ensuring optimal use of natural resources for sustainable development.
2. EIA has now been made mandatory under the Environmental Protection Act, 1986
for all categories of developmental activities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 (c) Both 1 & 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

98. The carbon credits can also be traded on exchanges like Carbon Trade Exchange,
which is like a stock exchange for carbon credits.
Which among the following are such exchanges?
1. The European Climate Exchange.
2. NASDAQ OMX Commodities Europe
3. Commodity Exchange Bratislava.
Select the correct code:
(a) Only 1 & 2

(b) Only 1 & 3

(c) Only 2 & 3

(d) All of the above

99. Consider the following statements about Bonn Convention.

1. It aims to conserve terrestrial, marine and avian migratory species throughout their
range.
2. Migratory species threatened with extinction are listed on Appendix I of the
Convention.
3. There were 119 Parties to the Convention but countries like China, USA, and
Russia are not party to the convention.
Which of the statements given above are incorrect?
(a) Only 1 & 2 (b) Only 2 & 3
(c) Only 1 & 3 (d) None of the above
100. Which of the following industries could be negatively affected by global
warming?
1. Insurance

2. Food processing industry

3. Wool industry
4. Alcoholic beverages and soft drinks
Select the correct code:
(a) Only 2 & 3 (b) Only 2, 3 & 4
(c) Only 1 & 4 (d) All of the above
Answer key: Environment & Ecology
1. D 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B
16. C 17. 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. C 22. D 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. B
29. D 30. D 31. Correction 32. B 33. A 34. Correction i and ii both 35. D 36. C 37.
D 38. B 39. A 40. C 41. D 42. C 43. C 44. D 45. C 46. D 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. D 51.
B 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. A 56. A 57. C 58. A 59. B 60. D 61. B 62. D 63. B 64. C 65.
B 66. D 67. A 68. B 69. A 70. D 71. A 72. 73. D 74. C 75. B 76. C 77. B 78. A 79.
B 80. B 81. B 82. C 83. B 84. C 85. A 86. D 87. B 88. C 89. B 90. D 91. B 92. B 93.
D 94. D 95. B 96. D 97. A 98. A 99. A 100. A