Geometry->based from undefined terms, unproven statements,

and theorems; started in the Egyptian period; geo=earth and

metron=measure
point->has no length, width or thickness; represented by a dot;
a specific location
line->has length, but no width, and no thickness; a straight line
which extends infinitely in all directions
plane->a flat surface that extends infinitely in all directions;
represented by a parallelogram
Postulate->statement accepted as true without proof
theorem->a statement that needs to be proven
corollary->a direct consequence to another theorem
*a line is an infinite set of points
Collinear points->points that are on the same line
Non-collinear points->points not on the same line
Coplanar points->points that are on the same plane
Non-coplanar points->points not on the same plane
Angle->the union of two non-collinear rays with a common
endpoint
vertex of the angle->the common endpoint of an angle
Kinds of angles:
-acute angle-> less than 90
-right angle->exactly 90
-obtuse angle->greater than 90; less than 180
Polygon->poly=many & gon=angle; union of three or more
noncollinear points
*polygons are classified according to the number of its sides
Kinds of Polygons:
*convex-the lines containing the sides of the polygon
do not contain points in its interior
*nonconvex/concave-at least one of its sides is
contained in a line which also contains points in its interior
*regular polygon-a polygon that is both equilateral and
equiangular; equilateral triangle, square
Parts of a polygon:
*Sides of a polygon->the segments which make up a polygon
*vertices of a polygon->endpoints of a side
*diagonal->a segment joining any two non-consecutive vertices
Perpendicular Bisector->the vertical line perpendicular to the
given segment, and bisects the segment into two equal parts
Angle Bisector->the segment that bisects the given angle into
two parts
Triangle-> a figure formed by 3 segments joining 3 noncollinear
points
Parts of a triangle
*side-the segment that intersect at their endpoints
*vertex/vertices-the intersection of a pair sides
*angle-the union of the rays determined by a pair of
noncollinear sides

*angle bisector of a triangle-a segment contained in the ray,

which bisects the angle of the triangle, and whose endpoints
are the vertex of this angle and a point on the opposite side
*median- a segment in the triangle with its endpoints being a
vertex and the midpoints of the opposite side
Triangles according to the measure of their angles:
*acute triangle->all angles are acute
*right triangle->one of the angles is a right angle
*obtuse triangle->one of the angles is an obtuse angle
*equiangular triangle->all angles are congruent
Triangles according to the length of its sides:
*scalene triangle->has no congruent sides
*isosceles triangle->has at least two congruent sides
*equilateral triangle->all sides are congruent
Quadrilaterals->a four-sided polygon
Kinds of Quadrilaterals:
*parallelogram-a quad. With 2 pairs of parallel sides
*rectangle-a parallelogram with 4 right angles
*square-a rectangle with 4 congruent sides
*rhombus-a parallelogram with 4 congruent sides
*trapezoid-a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides
Circle- the set of all points in a place with a given distance from
a given point in the plane
Parts:
*Radius-a segment from the center of the circle to a point on
the circle (plural-radii)
*Center- a given point that has equal distance from its
circumference; determined by construction
*diameter-a chord that contains the center of the circle
*chord- a segment whose endpoints lie on the circle
*arc-minor and major arc
*circumference-distance around a circle
Perimeter-total measurement of all the sides of a polygon
Solids:
1.space figure-contains no polygons in its surface
*cylinder-a space figure with two (top and bottom) circular
bases
*cone-a space figure with one circular base
*sphere- a space figure where all points are equidistant to a
given point
2.polyhedron- contains a polygon in its surface
*rectangular Prism-has two rectangular bases w/c are parallel
and congruent
*Triangular Prism-has 2 triangle bases w/c are parallel and
congruent
*Rectangular Pyramid-has one rectangular base and four
triangular faces
*Triangular pyramid-has one triangular base and three
triangular faces