PROCEDURE

General start-up procedure

1. A quick inspection is performed to make sure that the equipment is in a proper working
condition.
2. All the valves are ensured initially closed except V1 and V12.
3. Hot water tank is filled with water via a water supply hose connected to valve V27. The
valve is closed when the tank is full.
4. Cold water tank is filled with water by opening the valve V28 and leave the valve for
continues water supply.
5. Drain hose is connected to the cold water drain point.
6. The main power is switched on. The heater for the hot water tank is switched on and set
point the temperature controller to 50C.
7. The water temperature in the hot water tank is allowed to reach the set point.
8. The equipment is now ready to be run.

Experiment 1: Counter-Current Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger.

In this experiment, cold water enters the shell at room temperature while hot water enters the
tubes in the opposite direction. Student shall vary the hot water and cold water flow rates and
record the inlet and outlet temperatures of both the cot water and cold water streams at steady
state.

1. General start up procedure is performed.

2. The valves for counter current shell & tube heat exchanger is switched on.
3. Pumps P1 & P2 is switched on.
4. Valves V3 and V14 is opened and adjusted to obtained the desired flowrates for hot water
and cold water stream.
5. The system is allowed to reach the steady state for 10 minutes.
6. FT1,FT2,TT1,TT2,TT3 and TT4 is recorded.

7. Pressure drops measurements for shell-side and tube side is recorded for pressure drop
studies.
8. Steps 4 to 7 is repeated for different combination of flowrates FT1 and FT2 as in the
result sheet.
9. The pumps P1 and P2 is switched off after the completion of experiment.
10. Proceed to the next experiment or shut down the equipment.

Experiment 2: Co-Current Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger

In this experiment, cold water enters the shell at room temperature while hot water enters the
tubes in the sam direction. Student shall the hot water and cold water flow rates and record the
inlet and outlet temperatures of both the cot water and cold water streams at steady state.

1. General start up procedures is performed.

2. The valves to co-current shell & tube heat exchanger arrangement is switched.
3. Pumps P1 and P2 is switched on.
4. If thers is air trap in the shell side, switch the valves to counter current and bleed the air
with high water flowrate. Then switch the valves position back to co-current position.
5. Valves V3 and V14 is opened and adjusted to obtained the desired flowrates for hot water
and cold water stream.
6. The system is allowed to reach the steady state for 10 minutes.
7. FT1,FT2,TT1,TT2,TT3 and TT4 is recorded.
8. Pressure drops measurements for shell-side and tube side is recorded for pressure drop
studies.
9. Steps 5 to 8 is repeated for different combination of flowrates FT1 and FT2 as in the
result sheet.
10. The pumps P1 and P2 is switched off after the completion of experiment.
11. Proceed to the next experiment or shut down the equipment.

General shut down procedures

1. The heater is switched off. Wait until the hot water temperature drops below 40C.
2. Pump P1 and P2 is switched off.
3. The main power is switched off
4. All water in the process lines in drained off. The water in the hot and cold water tanks is
retained for next laboratory session.
5. All the valves is closed.