DEVELOPMENT OF

NATIONAL TARGET PROGRAM

ON CLIMATE CHANGE
ADAPTATION
 LEGAL DOCUMENT

• Government Decision No 60/2007/NQ-CP Dated 03

Dec. 2007: “Assign Ministry of Natural Resources and
Environment to be in charge, in collaboration with
other Ministries and Sectors, to develope National
Target Program on Climate Change Adaptation, search
for international assistance for the Program, and
submit to the Prime Mnister in the Second Quarter of
2008”.
 INTRODUCTION
1) The National Target Program (NTP) will communicate priority
activities addressing the urgent and immediate needs and concerns
of the country, relating to adaptation to the impacts of CC.
2) Activities proposed through NTP would be those whose further
delay could increase vulnerability, or lead to increased costs at a
later stage.
3) The NTP will be presented in the form of a document specifying a
list of priority activities, with a concise justification based on a
tight set of criteria.
4) The NTP document will not be an end in itself, but rather a means
for the dissemination, of its proposed program of action to address
its urgent needs for adaptation. The priority activities identified
through the NTP process will be made available for funding,.
 I. OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE

Objectives of the Activity is to develop the national target

program for coping with climate change, focusing on
awareness raising on climate change, and policy
development for the country about climate change
mitigation and adaptation, integrating climate change
information into the social-economic development
strategy, provincial, sector development strategy and
international commitment.
Scope of Work

1) Identify CC features of Vietnam due to global CC;

2) Assess CC impacts on national, provincial, sectoral
development plans and programs;
3) Identify the needs adaptation to potential impacts of CC;
4) Develop effective adaptation measures to be integrated
into national, sectoral and provincial social-economic
development plans and strategy;
5) Identify a portfolio of priority activities/projects to be
implemented for the most sensitive and vulnerable sectors
and provinces;
6) Identify a policy of Vietnam on international and regional
cooperation and negotiation on CC mitigation and
adaptation.
 APPROACH National
Target
Program

• Synergy with activities

• Multidisciplinary,
through the implemented under other
• Bottom-up approach , involvement of a Agreements,
involves broad range of multidisciplinary • Poverty reduction
stakeholder groups, group of experts. • Sustainable development
focusing on local • Comprehensive/ • Country-driven, result in
communities, consider integrated assessment country, region or sector-
current vulnerability and type of approach, specific projects
urgent adaptation needs. • Looking across
• Participatory process, • Sound envi. management
different ecological
involves multistakeholder regions and sectors as • Cost effectiveness.
consultation, two-way well as interactions/ • Simple, reflects urgent
discussions and linkages between and highly ranked
feedback.. them. adaptation measures.
Stakeholder
Consultation Multidiscipline Integrated
Study Area
•For the whole country;
•Focusing on the most sensitive and vulnerable sectors,
regions and provinces.
Program Schedule
•Program development: 6 months (1/2008 - 6/2008)
•Program implementation: will be identified based on
urgent immediate activities and long term strategy for CC
adaptation.
Funding
•Funding for Program development and implementation:
National budget and international assistance.
ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITIES
 ACTIVITIES

Cost/ Portfolio
Benefit of Priority Climate Variability,
Analysis Activities and CC
Judgment Impacts of CC
of Investment Identify
Mechanisms
Assessment
Priority of CC
Activities Impacts
National
Target
Identify Program Identify
Science Adaptation National
Policy Measured Targets
& Capacity, Science &
Reform
Technology Awareness Technology
Cooperation Mobilize Cooperation
Financing Negotiation Financial Negotiation
Sources
 2.1 Establishment of Management and
Implementation Organization for the Activity

2.1.1 Establishment of a Steering Committee

2.1.2 Establishment of an Executive Committee for
Action Implementation
2.1.3 Establishment of Task Force Groups
1) Sectoral Task Force Groups: Energy; Construction;
Transportation; Healthcare; Agriculture, Forestry and
Aquaculture; Foreign affairs; Natural resources and
environment; Tourism; Labor, invalids and social affairs…
2) Regional Task Force Groups: Northern mountainous (14
provinces/cities); Red River Delta (10); North Central region
(6); South Central costal (8); Central Highlands (5); South
Eastern (6); Mekong River Delta (13).
Policy Guidance Tasks and Outcome Key Secondary
& Management Inception Workshop
Documents
Discussion on Vulnerability &Adaptation
- Adaptation policy
National Steering Assessment Methodology for Sectoral Assessment
framework;
Committee - Methodologies used in
-Chair: MONRE; Synthesize
previous studies.
-Members: MARD, Impacts, Coping Strategies, Vulnerabilities, Dev.
MOI&T, MOT, MOET, Challenges & Trends, Dev. Framework etc.
- Previous studies;
MOH, MOLISA, - National development
MOST, MPI, MOFA… Regional Stakeholder Consultations
plans;
Identification of Climate Related Problems,
- National strategy for
National Executive Coping Strategies, & Future Adaptation Measures
sustainable
Committee development;
Sectoral Assessment Report
(Director, - National strategy for
Impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation Measures
Coordinators, natural disaster
Members) Identification of Priority Activities prevention;
Sectoral Expert Based on results from Consultations and Sectoral - National strategy for
Groups & Task Force Assessment Report water management and
groups conservation;
Criteria Development - National strategy for
National experts for Prioritization of Adaptation Measures envi. protection;
- Sectoral development
International experts National Stakeholders Consultation plans.
Prioritization and Rank AdaptationMeasures

Final Target Program Document Preparation Process

Profile of Potential Projects Demonstrating
Integration into National Target Program of the
Endorsed by the Government National Target Program
 2.2 Evaluation of CC Impacts
2.2.1 Assessment of CC Features and Climate
Variability in Vietnam
1) Development of Methodology for CC/Variability Assessment
2) Assessment of Magnitude, Characteristics and Trend of
Change: Temperature; Rainfall; Typhoon and Tropical
depression; Monsoon; Water Resources; Floods and Drought;
ENSO; SLR.
3) Analysis of CC Scenarios for Vietnam for the Period 2010-
2100
• CC scenarios need to be agreed on and accepted before being used in
the evaluation of the effects of climate change.
• The recognition of CC scenarios is also necessary in determining
response measures to set forth instructions and criteria for sectoral and
local planning, to inspect existing infrastructure and planning
strategies for the future.
 2.2 Evaluation of CC Impacts
2.2.2 Preliminary Evaluation of CC Impacts
Evaluate the impacts of CC on different socio-economic sectors,
industries and localities, especially those are sensitive and
vulnerable to effects of CC.
1)Impacts of CC on Natural Resources: Water sources; Effects of
SLR; Land use; Environment; Ecosystems.
2)Impacts of CC on Sectors: Energy; Construction; Transportation;
Healthcare; Agriculture, forestry and aquaculture; Natural resources
and environment; Tourism; Labor, invalids and social affairs.
3)Impacts of CC on Regions: Northern mountainous region; Red river
delta region; North central; South central coastal; Central highlands;
South eastern; Mekong River delta.
4)Evaluate Vietnam’s Opportunities to Mitigate and Adapt to CC.
 2.3 Identification of National Targets
for CC Adaptation
2.3.1 Targets for Improvement of State Administration
Instruments, Administrative Reform, Policy Amendment,
and Capacity Enhancement of the State Instruments;
2.3.2 Targets for Capacity Building and Public Awareness
Raising;
2.3.3 Targets for Natural Resources Development and
Management;
2.3.4 Targets for Sectoral Development and Management;
2.3.5 Targets for Regional Development and Management;
2.3.6 Targets for Scientific and Technology Development;
2.3.7 Targets for Mobilizing Financial Sources;
2.3.8 Targets for International Cooperation and Negotiation in
CC.
 2.4 Identification of Adaptation Measures
2.4.1 Identification of Key Adaptation Needs
1)Policy Reform
• Policy reform and organizational restructuring;
• Remove barriers in technology transfer among different sectors;
• Incorporate CC adaptation into sectoral development strategies and
programs;
• Identify and agree on national targets set for prioritized activities in
response to CC.
2) Capacity Building
• Provide training and public awareness;
• Develop education and training in CC;
• Human resource development (personnel and organizational
structure);
• Prevention of and addressing natural disasters.
 2.4 Identification of Adaptation Measures
2.4.1 Identification of Key Adaptation Needs
3)Natural Resources Development and Management
• Water sources; • Environment;
• Effects of SLR; • Ecosystems;
• Land use; •…

4) Sectoral Development and Management

• Energy; • Agriculture, forestry and aquaculture;
• Constructions; • Natural resources and environment;
• Transportation; • Tourism;
• Healthcare; • Labor, invalids and social affairs;
•…
 2.4 Identification of Adaptation Measures
2.4.1 Identification of Key Adaptation Needs
5) Regional Development and Management
• Northern mountainous region; • Central highlands;
• Red river delta region; • South eastern region;
• North central region; • Mekong River Delta.
• South central costal region;

6) Science and Technology Development

• Promote studies in the field of science and technology in
response to CC. Studies should be conducted in a such way to
model, analyze and evaluate the potential damage and
adaptability. They also need to quantify the effects of CC on
National Millennium Goals;
• Apply scientific and technology advancements into projecting
and warning of CC.
 2.4 Identification of Adaptation Measures
2.4.1 Identification of Key Adaptation Needs
7)Financing
• Combine funds source from State budget, international
assistances and private sector investments as one financial
source to support activities in CC adaptation.
8)International Cooperation and Negotiation
• Enhance international cooperation in providing training and
building capacity for those staff involved in related fields via
direct investments, workshops, sending staff to study overseas,
consultancy for the construction and expansion of an early
warning and prediction system for CC.
• Cooperate in developing policies, constitutions and standards
concerning CC adaptation on regional and global scale.
• The role of Vietnam in the region and in the world in
negotiations on reducing emissions, emission trading,
management and utilization of the Adaptation Fund, etc.
 2.4 Identification of Adaptation Measures
2.4.2 Development of National Target Program on CC
Adaptation in Relationship with Development Goals
• It is necessary to considerer CC is a policy barrier to
inhibit the development. It impact on the existing
national strategies and policies. To find the gaps in
the national strategy and policy due to CC is
necessary in order to integrate CC information to
enhance the strategies and policies for human and
social-economic development.
• The strategy for CC adaptation should be rationale to
the needs of social economic development of the
country.
 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities

2.5.1 Identification of a Portfolio of Priority

Activities/Projects to be Implemented
• Identify programs, projects or policies need to be
implemented to mitigate and adapt CC impacts on the
community and sectors.
• Based on the criteria set forth in national and regional
strategies, adaptation activities will be selected to be
prioritized. Such criteria include:
- Impact of CC on the lives and livelihoods of the communities;
- Poverty reduction in order to enhance the adaptability;
- Consistency with multilateral commitments;
- Cost effectiveness.
 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities

Criteria for selection of priority will be applicable to:

• Lost of life and livelihood damage;
• Community health;
• Food and agriculture security;
• Water sources;
• Key infrastructure;
• Cultural heritage;
• Biodiversity;
• Management of land use and forest;
• Costal zone and land loss;
• Other values;.
 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities
Some Programs/Projects may include:
1)Awareness raising: To improve public awareness on CC,
normally at local level with the direct participation of the community;
2)Information and studies: Develop basic foundations for studies
to identify activities including the construction of a monitoring system,
development of CC scenarios, and analysis of vulnerability;
3)Capacity building and early warning system: To provide
information that delivers specialized information and specific activities
to the people;
4)Leadership and policy making: This is applicable to planning
process, e.g. 5-year development plan, to manage risk due to CC;
 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities

Some Programs/Projects may include:

5)Investment: Direct activities include changes the management of
natural resources at household, regional and national level;
6)Organizational restructuring, laws and regulation
enforcement: Changes for the better in policies, management
structure of natural resources a, barrier removal in CC adaptation.
Encouragement of effective use of natural resources;
7)Finance and insurance: To mitigate risks via financial and
insurance mechanisms;
8)Foreign cooperation: Negotiations on CC.
 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities
Project Scope could be:
1) At vulnerable community level, e.g. poorest people in most
vulnerable to climate change community;
2) At small local level, Assessment of household living standart,
livelihood and possibility to improve the adaptation capacity to
climate change of the communes;
3) At sectoral level, Relating to Ministries and Sectors from
infrastructural development and sectoral development plan and
strategy;
4) At regional level, including development plans of sectors in the
regions or provinces, regional projection and infrastructure
development;
5) At national level, including national development programs,
projects such as policy development, planning with the
involvement of many ministries and sectors.
 Examples of Adaptation Projects
Moderate Impacts on Coastal Areas
Goal Adaptation Measure Timing
Protection of critical ecosystems Increase Public awareness Immediate
Prohibit extraction of reef and sand Immediate
Prevent mangrove removal Immediate
Control pollution Immediate
Control overfishing Immediate
Engineered structures (such as
Protection of towns and property Unknown
seawalls)
Set back development from
Can wait
shoreline
Raise structures Can wait
Land use policies Coastal hazard mapping Immediate
Control of erosion Mangrove replantation Immediate
Engineering works in passages Can wait
Groynes Immediate
 Examples of Adaptation Projects
Moderate Impacts on Water Resources
Goal Adaptation measure Timing
Water resource management Leakage control Immediate
Pricing policies (fees, levies,
Immediate
surcharges)
Conservation plumbing Immediate
Stricter penalties to prevent waste Immediate
Catchment management Reforestation, soil conservation Immediate
Enhancement of Water Authority Immediate
Alternative water supply Expansion of rainwater collection Immediate
Alternative groundwater use Can wait
Desalination Can wait
Importation Can wait
Flood control Diversion channels, weirs, etc. Immediate
Land use controls, flood proof housing Immediate
 Examples of Adaptation Projects
Moderate Impacts on Agriculture
Goal Adaptation Measure Timing

Traditional weather-resistant
Community sustainability programs Immediate
practices

Sustainable production systems Agroforestry, water conservation Immediate

Research Flexible farming systems Immediate

Mapping of suitable cropping

Land use policies Immediate
areas

Avoid cultivation on marginal

?
lands
 Examples of Adaptation Projects
Moderate Impacts on Public Health
Goal Adaptation Measure Timing
Integrated adaptation strategies
Poverty reduction programs Immediate
and control of disease
Improved sanitation and water supply Immediate
Waste management Immediate
Protection of groundwater Immediate
Squatter settlement management Immediate
Control of dengue fever Community-based vector control Immediate
Improved preparedness (monitoring) Immediate
Prevention of exposure Unknown
Reduce destructive practices to coral
Control of ciguatera poisoning Immediate
reefs
 Examples of Adaptation Projects

Moderate Impacts on Fisheries

Goal Adaptation Measure Timing
Stronger regional collaboration Multilateral agreements Immediate
Research Better ENSO forecasting Immediate
Improved fishery management Immediate
Fleet management Diversification of domestic fleets Can wait
 Diverse Measures by Many Actors
(Example of adaptation measures for risks of river or coastal flooding)

Macro-level activity Community-level activity

Adaptation International Private Local

Donors Governments Communities Households
activity collaboration Sector NGOs
Supporting New
Contributing Creating Women
1. Integrate e.g. social- approaches to Expanding Promoting
to village-level preparing and
adaptation into protection integrating C insurance community-
international task forces to storing
planning, schemes information markets and based flood
learning monitor and emergency
policies, and among into national micro-finance preparednes
networks on plan responses food, water,
practice vulnerable budgeting provision s
adaptation to flood events and medicines
communities processes
Climate- Integrating Flood- Integrating Building Contributing
2. Climate- proofing increased Flood-proofing proofing new increased community grain to the
proof ongoing international flood risks new roads and commercial flood risks flood shelters, community
infrastructural river- into new and rural buildings and into new emergency grain bank,
investments management current electrification transport and current boats, and ready for use
initiatives projects systems projects grain banks after a flood

Adapting to climate change, Oxfam Briefing Paper, May 2007

 Diverse Measures by Many Actors
(Example of adaptation measures for risks of river or coastal flooding)

Macro-level activity Community-level activity

Adaptation International Private Local

Donors Governments Communities Households
activity collaboration Sector NGOs

Supporting
3. Climate- Flood- Supporting
Regional co- the Reinforcing
proof the proofing communitie Reforesting Raising the
operation in upgrading existing roads,
existing stock existing s in communal land foundations of
protecting of e.g. or ensuring
of natural and supply reinforcing and restoring an existing
cross-border existing sustainable soil
physical chains, retail, embankmen floodplains house
ecosystems irrigation management
capital factories ts
schemes
Establishing Rebuilding
4. Address Draining Paying higher Supporting Relocating the
International research settlements
new glacial lakes to insurance to plant household due
monitoring and and away from
investments prevent costs due to mangrove to more
forecasting of learning likely
needed due to downstream increased coastal frequent
CC networks on submerged
CC flooding flood risks barriers floods
CC land

Adapting to climate change, Oxfam Briefing Paper, May 2007

 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities
2.5.2 Cost/Benefit Analysis of Adaptation Activities
• The cost/benefit analysis of adaptation activities is based on lessons
learn from local, sectoral and national level programs and projects.
• Cost analysis for adaptation activities determined by CC scenarios
for the sectors;
• Cost analysis for adaptation activities determined by CC scenarios
for the regions.
2.5.3 Judgment of Investment Mechanisms for Adaptation
Activities
• The investment mechanisms for adaptation programs/projects in
response to CC are incorporated into those of localities and sectors;
• Judgment of issues and choices in using state budget and
international support for implementing adaptation programs/projects
in response to CC.
 2.6 Submission for Approval

1) Stakeholders consultation through interview,

workshop at local level, national level, with
the donors, local experts;
2) Consultation with ministries and sectors;
3) Submission to the Government for approval;
4) Program Propaganda and dissemination;
5) Program Implementation.
 Challenges
Time Constrain:
“To submit to the Prime Minister in the second
quarter of 2008”.

Solution:
• Adaptation policy framework is to be developed and
submitted;
• Other activities is to be continued, say, 2 year period.