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Section II
Time 70 minutes
(Q1-Q4): In each of the following questions there are sentences that form a paragraph.
Identify the sentence(s) or part(s) of sentence(s) that is/are incorrect in terms of grammar
and usage (spelling, punctuation and logical consistency). Then, choose the most
appropriate option.
1.

(A): If an economy is in recession,

(B): the financial authority can, in principle, move the economy
(C): from the slowdown-assuming
(D): that they know how to use a fiscal avocation in its most effective manner.
1) B only

2.

2) A and D

3) B and C

4) A, C and D

(A): Purple is replacing red as the colour of choice for teachers.

(B): It seems that educators worry that emphatic red corrections on a homework
assignment or test can be stressful, chary -even frightening for a young person.
(C): Educators delude teachers to use only pleasant- feeling tones.
(D): It seems that many adults today regard the children in their care as hothouse
flowers who require protection from even the possibility of frustration, disappointment
or failure.
1): C only

3.

2): B and C

3):C and D

4): D only

(A): It is sometimes told that

(B): one should react in an impassioned manner and must
(C): refrain a coupe. And also, one must manage to bite back the ironic retort
(D): on the tip of the tongue itself lest it might damage ones chance for success, all
at once.
1) B only

2) C and D

3) B, C and D 4) D only

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4.

(A): During the day we were herded into a damped jungle.

(B): The only food that we were given was a handful of cold rice,
(C): which often smelled of the oil from the containers in which it had been cooked.
(D): Everyone came with some unique ideas to spend time in the jungle.
1) A and B

2) B and C

3) A, B and D

4) B, C and D

Directions (Q5-6): In each question, there are fife sentences. Each sentence has a
pair of words that are italicized and highlighted. From the italicized and highlighted
words, select the most appropriate words (A or B) to form correct sentences. The
sentences are followed by options that indicate the words, which may be selected
to correctly complete the set of sentences. From the given option, choose the most
appropriate one.

5.

The faculty members are compelled (A)/ obliged (B) to report to their respective head
of departments on a regular basis.
I cant adopt an attitude of servitude (A)/ servility (B) to get promotion.
The tale is based on a real (A)/ true (B) story.
His approach towards the problem is quite genuine (A)/ sanguine (B).
I ordered an ice cream containing lots of currents (A)/ currants (B) and nuts.
1) ABAAA

6.

2) ABBBB

3) BABAB

4) BBBAA

The best part of the movie was its climactic (A)/ climatic (B) ending.
Your exceptional (A)/ exceptionable (B) behaviour makes me feel guilty.
I gifted a hand made brooch (A)/ broach (B) to my best friend on her birthday.
I gave my assent (A)/ consent (B) for using the farm.
The Iraq policy of US government is decried (A)/ descried (B) by Indian Government.
1) ABAAB

2) BBABB

3) ABABA

4) ABBAA

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Direction (Q. 7-8): In each of the questions a word has been used in sentences
in four different ways. Choose the option corresponding to the sentence in
which the usage of the word is incorrect or inappropriate.

7.

Round
1): A round of bullets was fired to threaten the enemies.
2): We are working round the clock on this project.
3): I shall not come round to admitting it.
4): A new shop has opened round the corner.

8.

Passing
1): I had to stop a passing car to rush my ailing aunt to the hospital.
2): While walking barefoot all the way to the temple, I was cursing
everybody passing me on the road.
3): Everyone enjoyed the game of passing the parcel.
4): Peter didnt even have passing marks in English.

Direction (Q. 9-10): Each of the following questions has a sentence with two
blanks. Given below each question are five pairs of words. Choose the pair that best
completes the sentence.

9.

Swift had the ___________ intention of writing a biography that would show Satan
as an infallible being rather than a stereotypical __________ of evil, but he only
partially succeeds.

1) ambitious; symbol

2) curious, upholder

3) laudable; personification

4) amusing; incarnation

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10.

To make that claim, a large, longer-term, ___________ trial would be required, in

which participants are ___________ assigned to exercise or not, and are then
followed for the development of chronic conditions such as cancer, heart disease or
dementia.
1) exigent; exploitedly

2) innovative; communally

3) disingenuous; viciously

4) controlled; randomly

Directions (Qs. 11-12): The sentences given in each question, when properly
sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labeled with a letter.
Choose the most logical order of sequences fro among the given choices to construct
a coherent paragraph.
11.
A. New Japanese industries could count on a known local demand and would be
protected from competetition by tariffs and other barriers.
B. The Japanese economic model created strong domestic industries through subsidies
from its Ministry of Trade and by closing off competitive foreign firms to its domestic
market.
C. The program could reduce the amount of imports and therefore improve the nations
balance of trade.
D. This strategy promised to help economic growth by incubating domestic industries.
E. Fast growth of small industries will crate a class of millionaires.
1) EDCBA

2) ACBDE

3) BDEAC

4) BCADE

12.
(A):

Manufacturers who integrate may reap short-term rewards, but they often restrict
their future capacity for innovative product development.

(B):

Nevertheless, because product innovation means adopting the most technologically

advanced and cost effective ways of making components, backward integration
may entail a serious risk for a technologically active company.

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(C):
Modern manufacturers, who need reliable sources of materials and technologically
advanced components to operate profitably, face an increasingly difficult choice
between owning the producers of these items ( a practice known as backward
integration) and buying from independent producers.
(D):

Where components are commodities, backward integration almost certainly boosts

profits.

(E):

Backward integration removes the need for some purchasing and marketing
functions, centralizes overhead, and permits manufacturers to eliminate duplicated
efforts in research and development.
1) EACDE

2) CAEDB

3) CEADB

4) EDBAC

Direction (Q. 13-14): Each of the following questions has a paragraph from which
a question is being asked. From the given options, choose the option that
answers the question in the most appropriate way.

13.

It is wrong for gym trainers to lie about the members body weights? Surely, we
would not tolerate not being told the truth about the condition of our automobile from
the mechanic we hired to fix it, or the condition of our roof from the carpenter we
employed to repair it. Just as these workers would be guilty of violating their good
faith contracts with us if they were to do this, gym instructors who lie to the members
about their body weight violate these contracts as well, and this is clearly wrong.
The conclusion of the argument is best expressed by which of the following?

1): Gym trainers who lie to the members about their body weight violate their good
faith contracts with their members.
2): Gym trainers often lie to the members about their body weight.
3): Gym trainers are just hired workers like mechanics and carpenters.
4): It is wrong for the gym trainers to lie about the members body
weights.

14.

The pressure on Italys 257 jails has been increasing rapidly. These jails are old and
overcrowded. They are supposed to hold up 43,000 people- 9,000 fewer than now.

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San Vittore in Milan which has 1,800 inmates is designed for 800. The number of
foreigners inside jails has also been increasing. The minister in charge of prisons
fears that tensions may snap and so has recommended to the government an
amnesty policy.
Which one of the following, if true, would have most influenced the recommendation
of the minister?
1): Opinion polls have indicated that many Italians favour a general pardon.
2): The opposition may be persuaded to help since amnesties must be approved by a
two- thirds majority in Parliament.
3): During a latest visit to a large prison the Pope whose pronouncements are taken
seriously appealed for a gesture of clemency.
4): Shortly before the recommendation was made 58 prisons reported disturbances
in a period of weeks.

Questions (15-17) are based on the following passage:

A game of strategy, as currently conceived in game theory, is a situation in which two or
more players make choices among available alternatives (moves). The totality of choices
determines the outcomes of the game and it is assumed that the rank order of preferences
for the outcomes is different for different players. Thus, the interests of the players are
generally in conflict. Whether these interests are diametrically opposed or only partially
opposed depends on the type of game.

Psychologically, most interesting situations arise when the interests of the players are partly
coincident and partly opposed because then one can postulate not only a conflict among
the players but also inner conflicts within the players. Each is torn between a tendency to
cooperate, so as to promote the common interests and a tendency to compete, so as to
enhance his own individual interests.

Internal conflicts are always psychologically interesting. What we vaguely call interesting
psychology is in very great measure the psychology of inner conflict. Inner conflict is also
held to be an important component of serious literature as distinguished from less serious
genres. The classical tragedy, as well as the serious novel, reveals the inner conflict of
central figures. The superficial adventure story, on the other hand, depicts only external
conflict; that is, the threats to the person with whom the reader (or viewer) identifies stem
in these stories exclusively from external obstacles and from the adversaries who create
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them. On the most primitive level this sort of external conflict is psychologically empty. In the
fisticuffs between the protagonists of good and evil no psychological problems are involved
or, at any rate, none are depicted in juvenile representations of conflict.

The detective story, the adult analogue of a juvenile adventure tale, has at times been
described as a glorification of intellectualized conflict. However, a great deal of the interest
in the plots of these stories is sustained by withholding the unraveling of a solution to a
problem. The effort of solving the problem is in itself not a conflict if the adversary (the
unknown criminal) remains passive, like nature, whose secrets the scientist supposedly
unravels by deduction. If the adversary actively puts obstacles in the detectives path toward
the solution, there is genuine conflict. But the conflict is psychologically interesting only to
the extent that it contains irrational components such as a tactical error on the criminals part
or the detectives insight into some psychological quirk of the criminal or something of this
sort. Conflict conducted in a perfectly rational manner is psychologically no more interesting
than a standard western. For example, Tic-tac-toe, played perfectly by both players, is
completely devoid of psychological interest. Chess may be psychologically interesting but
only to the extent that it is played not quite rationally. Played completely rationally chess
would not be different from Tic-tac-toe.

In short, a pure conflict of interest (what is called a zero-sum game) although it offers a
wealth of interesting conceptual problems, is not interesting psychologically, except to the
extent that its conduct departs from rational norms.

15.

Which, according to the author, would qualify as interesting psychology?

1): A statisticians dilemma over choosing the best method to solve an optimisation
problem.
2): A chess players predicament over adopting a defensive strategy against an
aggressive opponent.
3): A mountaineers choice of the best path to Mt. Everest from the base camp.
4): A finance managers quandary over the best way of raising money from the
market.

16.

According to the passage, internal conflicts are psychologically more interesting than
external conflicts because:

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1): internal conflicts, rather than external conflicts, form an important component of
serious literature as distinguished from less serious genres
2): only juveniles or very few adults actually experience external conflict, while
internal conflict is more widely prevalent in society
3): in situations of internal conflict, individuals experience a dilemma in resolving their
own preferences for different outcomes
4): there are no threats to the reader (or viewer) in case of external conflicts
17.

According to the passage, which of the following options about the application of
game theory to a conflict-of-interest situation is true?
1): Assuming that the rank order of preferences for options is different for
players

different

2): Accepting that the interests of different players are often in conflict
3): Not assuming that the interests are in complete disagreement
4): All the above

Questions (18-20) are based on the following passage:

Our propensity to look out for regularities, and to impose laws upon nature, leads to the
psychological phenomenon of dogmatic thinking or, more generally, dogmatic behavior; we
expect regularities everywhere and attempt to find them even where there are none; events
which do not yield to these attempts we are inclined to treat as a kind of background noise;
and we stick to our expectations even when they are inadequate and we ought to accept
defeat. This dogmatism is to some extent necessary. It is demanded by a situation which
can only be dealt with by forcing our conjectures upon the world. Moreover, this dogmatism
allows us to approach a good theory in stages, by way of approximations; if we accept
defeat too easily, we may prevent ourselves from finding that we were very nearly right.
It is clear that this dogmatic attitude, which makes us stick to our first impressions, is
indicative of a strong belief; while a critical attitude, which is ready to modify, its tenets,
which admits doubts and demands tests, is indicative of a weaker belief. Now, according
to Humes theory, and to the popular theory, the strength of a belief should be a product
of repetition; thus, it should always grow with experience, and always be greater in less
primitive persons. But dogmatic thinking, an uncontrolled wish to impose regularities, a
manifest pleasure in rites and in repetition as such, is characteristics of primitives and
children; and increasing experience and maturity sometimes create an attitude of caution
and criticism rather than of dogmatism.

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My logical criticism of Humes psychological theory, and the consideration connected with
it, may seem a little removed from the field of the philosophy of science. But the distinction
between dogmatic and critical thinking, or the dogmatic and the critical attitude, brings us
right back to our central problem. For the dogmatic attitude is clearly related to the tendency
to verify our laws and schemata by seeking to apply them and to confirm them, even to the
point of neglecting refutations, whereas the critical attitude is one of readiness to change
them-to test them, to refute them; to falsify them, if possible. This suggests that we may
identify the critical attitude with the scientific attitude, and the dogmatic attitude with the one
which we have described as pseudo-scientific. It further suggests that genetically speaking
the pseudo-scientific attitude is more primitive than, and prior to, the scientific attitude; that
it is a pre-scientific attitude. And this primitivity or priority also has its logical aspect. For the
critical attitude is not so much opposed to the dogmatic attitude as super-imposed upon it:
criticism must be directed against existing and influential beliefs in need of critical revisionin other words, dogmatic beliefs. A critical attitude needs for its raw material, as it were,
theories or beliefs which are held more or less dogmatically.
Thus, science must begin with myths, and with the criticism of myths; neither with the
collection of observations, nor with the invention of experiments, but with the critical
discussion of myths, and of magical techniques and practices. The scientific tradition is
distinguished from the pre-scientific tradition in having two layers. Like the latter, it passes on
its theories; but it also passes on a critical attitude towards them. The theories are passed
on, not as dogmas, but rather with the challenge to discuss them and improve upon them.
The critical attitude, the tradition of free discussion of theories with the aim of discovering
their weak spots so that they may be improved upon, is the attitude of reasonableness, or
rationality. From the point of view here developed, all laws, all theories, remain essentially
tentative, or conjectural, or hypothetical, even when we feel unable to doubt them any
longer. Before a theory has been refuted we can never know in what way it may have to be
modified.

18.

Dogmatic behaviour, in this passage has been associated with primitives and
children. Which of the following best describes the reason why the author compares
primitives with children?
1): Primitives are people who are not educated, and hence can be compared with
children, who have not yet been through school.
2): Primitives are people who, though not modern, are as innocent as children.
3): Primitives are people without a critical attitude, just as children are.
4): Primitives are people in the early stages of human evolution; similarly children are
in the early stages of their lives.

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19.

Which of the following statements best supports the argument in the passage that a
critical attitude leads to a weaker belief than a dogmatic attitude does?
1): A critical attitude implies endless questioning and therefore, it cannot lead to
stronger beliefs.
2): A critical attitude, by definition, is centred on an analysis of anomalies and noise.
3): A critical attitude leads to questioning everything, and in the process
generates noise without any conviction.
4): A critical attitude is antithetical to conviction, which is required for strong beliefs.

20.

In the context of science, according to the passage, the interaction of dogmatic

beliefs and critical attitude can be best described as:
1): The effect of a chisel on a marble stone while making a sculpture.
2): The feedstock (natural gas) in fertilizer industry being transformed into fertilizers.
3): A predator killing its prey.
4): The effect of fertilizers on a sapling.

21.

Seven men- A, B, C, D, E, F and G are standing in a queue in that order. Each one is
wearing a cap of different colour-violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red. D
is able to see in front of him green and blue, but not violet. F can see violet and
yellow, but not red. G can see caps of all the colours other than orange. If E is
wearing an indigo coloured cap, then the colour of the cap worn by F is
1) Blue

22.

2) Violet

3) Red

4) Orange

A five letter word is to be formed using the alphabets A, B, C, D, E exactly once

following the below conditions.
1. A and B should not be together
2. C and B should be together
3. C and E cannot be together
If A and D are the first and last letters of the word, what is the second letter?
1) B
2) C
3) E
4) Cant say

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Questions 23 26:
Last Sunday, Aneesha was waiting for her train at Delhi railway station. She noticed that four
trains were stationed on the first four platforms 1 4. Each train has a different name and
the destination of each train is different. The colour of each train is different.
The following information is known.
1. Pacchim express is in Red colour.
2. Shatabdi is standing on the first platform
3. The blue colour train is leaving for Hyderabad
4. The train leaving for Bangalore is green in colour
5. The blue train is standing next to Pacchim express
6. Rajdhani express is leaving for Hyderabad
7. The train standing on third platform is leaving to Ahmedabad
8. Dakshin express is leaving for Mumbai
9. The platform number on which the white colour train is standing is just one more
than
the platform number on which red train is standing.
Answer the following questions
23.

What is the name of the train which is leaving for Bangalore?

1) Pacchim express
2) Shatabdi express
3) Dakshin express
4) Rajdhani express

24.

Which train is standing on the second platform?

1) Dakshin express 2) Rajdhani express 3) Pacchim express

4) Cant say

What is the colour of Dakshin express?

1) White
2) Red

4) Blue

25.

26.

3) Green

Which of the following is true?

1) Shatabdi express is in red colour
2) Rajdhani express is leaving for Mumbai
3) Dakshin express is on platform number 2
4) None of these

Directions for Question 27:

Answer 1: If only statement I is sufficient to answer the question
Answer 2: If only statement 2 is sufficient to answer the question
Answer 3: If either of the statement is sufficient to answer the question
Answer 4: If both of the statements cannot answer the question together
27.

Amongst A, B, C, D, E and F each are having a different height, who is the shortest?
I. C is shorter than only B.
II. A is taller than only D and F.

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28.
Among six friends L, M, N, P, Q and S, each has a different height, N is taller than Q
and P but shorter than M. P is taller than Q while S is shorter only than L Which of
the following pairs represents the tallest and the shortest among the six friends ?
1) M, P
`
2) L, Q
3) P, Q
4) Cannot be determined
Directions for Questions 29 and 30: Read the information given below carefully and
answer the questions that follow.
From a group of six boys M, N, O, P, Q, R and five girls G, H, I, J, K: a team of six is
to be selected. Some of the criteria of selection is as follows:
M and J go together.
O cannot be placed with N.
I cannot go with J.
N goes only if H goes.
P and Q have to be together.
K and R go together.
Unless otherwise stated, these criteria are applicable to all the following questions.
29.

If the team consists of two girls and l is one of them, the other members are:
1) GMRPQ
2) KOPQR
3) HNOPQ
4) KRMNP

30.

If the team has four boys including O and R, the members of the team other than O
and R are:
1) HIPQ
2) GJPQ
3) GKPQ
4) GJMP

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