~ORT~E

COM~ILATION
TELM~NOLO~ICAL
XT~ONA~IES

CU~E
COMP~~T~ONO
TE~MINOLO~CAL
XT~ONAMES
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
Ministry of Education Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur
1992

KK 400-6033 5101

First Printing 1992

Original Work, Pustaka Antara, Kuala Lumpur, 1975
English Translation, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1992

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or

transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval
system, without permission in writing from the Director General,
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, P.O. Box 10803, 50926 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia. Negotiation is subjected to the calculation of royalty.

Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia

Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

Guide for the compilation of terminology

dictionaries I Majlis Bahasa Brunei
Darussalam-Indonesia-Malaysia (Mabbim)
ISBN 983-62-3143-9.ISBN 983-62-3142-0(kkt.).
I.
MalayTerms and phrases.
I. Majlis Bahasa Brunei Darussalam
IndonesiaMalaysia.
Title.
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Advisors
Dato Haji Jumaat bin Dato Haji Mohd. Noor
Prof. Dr. Haji Farid M. Onn
Haji Hamdan Yahya
Translator
Shahrezad Ibrahim
Editor
Hawa Abdullah
Production
Haji Shaari Abdullah
Haji Abu Bakar Mohamad
Shamsuri Haji Sahian
Ahmed Fauzi Mohamed
Satinah Husin
Ahmad Khalid
Executive Committee

Prof. Madya Dr. Haji Amat ~luhari Moain

Sulaiman Masri
Zubaidi bas
Mior Hamzah Mior Hashim
Abdullah Marjunid
Ahab Abdul Rahim
Hishamuddin Tumiran
Nawal Hanim Lope Zainal Abidin
Kamariab Zakaria
Raja Ahimah Raja Ismail
Zaidah Md. Samin
Suhaimi Abdul Rahman
Shabril Omar
Bahagian Peristilahan, Jabatan Bahasa, Dowan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Peti Surat

10803, 50926 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Telefon: 03-2482530, 03-2488807, 032481011 sambungan 167. Faks: 03-2445727 I 03-2482726.

Content

Preface
Introduction

ix
xi

I.

I
3
4
7
7
S
8
8
8
8

Limiting the Problem

II. Making Use of Sources of Information

Concept and Definition

Iv. Preparation of the Manuscript
1. The Definition as a Starting Point
2. Concordance of Definition
3. Use of Terms in Definition
4. Delimiting the Scope of a Definition
5. Preciseness of a Definition
6. The Nearest Genus
7. Definition Based on Inadequate Intrinsic
Characteristics
8. Benefit of Defining Based on Field of
Application
9. Illustration and Its Use
10. Selection of Terms
11. Correspondence between Term and Concept
12. Literal Meaning of Derived Terms and Word
Combination
13. Feasibiflty of Terms Forming Derivatives
14. Confusing Word-Combination Term
15. Term Based on Transfer of Meaning
16. Ambiguous Terms
17. Synonymous Terms
18. Synonymous Terms in the Original and
International Languages
19. Adherence to Accepted Terms
20. Change of Meaning
21. The Context That Changes the Constituents of a
Term
22. Transliteration
23. Coordinating Committee
24. Printers Manuscript
.

9
9
9
9
Ia
10
10
10
11
11
il
11
12
12
12
13
13
13

MAJLIS BAHASA BRUNEX DARUSSALkM-INDONESIA-MAJAYSIA (MABBIM)

V. Compilation of Alphabetical Indexes

VI. Publication
Appendix I
Appendix II

vi

14
16
17
19

Preface
With the publication of the Panduan Penyusunan Kamus Istilah
(Guide for the Compilation of Terminological Dictionaries), Dewan
Bahasa dan Pustaka has once again come to the lore in developing and promoting Malay by intensifying its use as a technical
and formal language. As a language phanning agency, Dewan
Bahasa dan Pustaka will continue to publish handbooks such
as this to facilitate the process of language building.
This guide was prepared by language and subject experts
from Malaysia and Indonesia and was checked and approved
by the 17th Convention of the Indonesia-Malaysia Language
Council which was held in Kuala Lumpur from 24th
29th
August 1981.

It is hoped that this handbook will be a guide for terminology

committees, subject field experts and other hanguage phanners
in the compilation of terminological dictionaries which will
help students in higher institutes of learning, professionals and
users of Malay in using the language more effective.
Director General,
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka

ix

Introduction
In the Pedoman Llmum Pembentukan Istilah Bahasa Melayu (General Guidelines for the Formation of Terms in Malay), published
by Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka in 1975, a set of guidelines is
provided which can be used in the process of forming terms.
It is due to this general guide that terminologies of many
branches of knowledge are coined in a more rational and
systematic manner. Nevertheless, these terms which form the
backbone of the transfer of knowledge must be disseminated,
accepted and used widely to test their usefulness. One of the
ways to achieve this goal is to publish and market these
terminologies so that they are within easy reach of all potential
users.
To complement this general guide, the Indonesia Malaysia
Language Council prepared the Guide for the Compilation of
Terminological Dictionaries, based on the recommendations put
forward by the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO), i.e. ISO Recommendation R 704-1969 and ISO Recommendation R 919-1969, pertaining to naming principles and
preparation of specialized vocabularies based on classification.
The purpose of this handbook is to provide guidelines on the
method of determining definition of concepts as a basis for
term formation, and the method of preparing terminologies of
a scope wide enough to be published in the form of dictionaries.
With this guide to complement the general guidelines, it is
hoped that authors of terminologies will be able to prepare
specialized vocabularies and terminological dictionaries. These
vocabularies and dictionaries will speed up the process of
terminology standardization in Malay.

I.

Limiting the Problem

1. The field of knowledge to be covered by a specialized

vocabulary should be carefully defined, according to its divisions. It is not sufficient to state the name of the subject field
only. For instance, in the case of geography as the subject field,
the coverage of terms should begin with its subdivisions, for
example, geomorphology, meteorology, hydrology and so forth.
Defining in detail a subject field will help to determine the
number and type of terms that will be included in the terminology
list and the terms related to the field which are to be left out.
2. Limiting and classifying the subject field can be facilitated
by consulting a subject classification for example, that of the
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC),
International Union of Biochemistry, UNESCO or publications
such as Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) and Nomina
Anatomica. For those subject fields which do not as yet have
a classification system, a system which is agreed upon by both
Malaysia and Indonesia must be worked out.
3. The length of the terminology list and the size of the technical dictionary depends on the inclusion or exclusion of very
specialized concepts into groupiflgs planned. The degree of
specialization will be determined by the type of target user.
4. Each terminology list must provide a comprehensive representation of the concepts in the related subject field. However,
the number should not exceed 1000 basic concepts. If the list
is too long, the subject should be subdivided and the specialized vocabularies compiled in separate volumes. (Refer to classification of subject division in Appendix). The basic concept
means the concept conveyed by the rootword. Each basic concept can have a number of derived concepts. For example, the
term sulphur conveys the basic concept, while the terms sulphate,
sulphide, and sulphuric convey the derived concepts.
5. The preparation of a terminology list that is truly comprehensive and. covers all related aspects of the subject field
normally takes a long time to the extent that it never gets

GUIDE FOR THE COMPILATION OF TERMINOLOCICALDICIIONARIES

completed or its publication delayed until it is no more up-todate when it is published. Furthermore, the needs of general
users for general terms and the needs of specialists for specialized vocabularies in their particular fields cannot be met adequately if the work is not done in stages.
6. The alphabetic terminology lists and technical dictionaries
complete with definitions should be based on and derived from
classified vocabularies found in the related subject field. Only
then can a complete list (see item 4 above) be prepared which
will set out the concepts according to its importance. The
formation of terms based on alphabetical ordering in a list
without prior classification will not be able to achieve this.

II. Making Use of Sources of Information

1. There are three types of sources to be used in preparing a
spedalized vocabulary:
a) Terminology publications such as technical dictionaries
and treatises with regard to terminology.
b) Publications not specially concerning terminology:
handbooks, textbooks, technical encyclopaedias, commercial catalogues.
2. The most important sources are the various international
standards and recommendations contained in each of the type
of sources mentioned above. UNESCO bibliographies on
terminology lists and technical dictionaries in the field of pure
and applied sciences are also to be used as sources of reference.
3. The first step in the compilation of a terminology list is to
establish the system of classifying all concepts that are to be
included. The number of concepts (for example, 300, 500 or
1000) should be determined beforehand.. For this purpose
refer to ISO Recommendation R 704 1968 (E) on naming principles.

III. Concept and Definition

1. What Concept means,
A concept of unit of thought is not similar to its reference because a concept is an abstraction. A concept is represented by
a spoken or written term.
2. Limiting the Concept.
Limiting a concept requires prior determination of the limits of
its abstractions and its relationship with other concepts in the
same subject field. Therefore, it is necessary to determine these
relationships such as genus, species and so on. For example,
pohon pisang is a species of pohon. Relationship of concepts
other than that of genus-species is the relationship within a
classification, for instance that within the family system: family,
kinship, matrilinear, bilinear and so forth.
3. Table of Synopses of Concepts.
The demarcation pf concepts must be accompanied by a table
of synopses, i.e. a table of concepts based on classification, or
a graphical representation that illustrates its genealogy (as has
been done by the Terminology Committee for Petrology).
The arrangement of terms according to alphabetical order
is beneficial only as a means of producing an alphabetic
terminology list but in practice it takes up too much time and
energy.
4. Order of Importance from Similar Characteristics.
A concept has intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics. The intrinsic
characteristics are related to shape, appearance, size essence,
hardness and softness, weight and so on.
The extrinsic characteristics can be subdivided into characteristics related to (1) purpose (description, function, scope,
location and position in a particular set); and (2) origin (method of formation, discoverer, inventor, describer, producer,
place of origin or supplier).

MAJUS BAHASA BRUNEI DARUSSALAM-INDONESIA-MALAYSIA (MABBIM)

Normally, these characteristics are determined by the position the related concept occupies in the system of concept
which encompasses it. Sometimes though it is necessary to select among similar characteristics. In such a case, this sequence
is followed: the intrinsic characteristic, the purpose and the
origin.
5.

Classification of Concept.
a) The concept to be included in a terminology list can be
grouped together according to classification so that the
relationship between concepts becomes clear. In selecting the concepts, distinction should be made between
(1) the main concept specifically related to a given field
for example, in automobile engineering, the concepts
are motorcar, car; (2) the concept that exceeds the given
field, for example, in automobile engineering, the concepts of motorized vehicle and wheel; (3) the borrowed
concept, i.e. the concept that is often used in a related
field but is actually the main concept in another field,
for example, in automobile engineering, borrowed
concepts are lubricating oil, fuel; (4) the general concept
pertaining to the common vocabulary.
b) The number of concepts from (2) and (3) should be
excluded except if they are used in specific contexts
(compare Procedure for the Formation of Terms,
General Guidelines for the Formation of Terms, II, 2.4).
These recommendations are made to prevent (1) too
much overlapping between various terminology lists
and (2) the author from forming terms of borrowed
concepts himself (see item 4) which might differ from
the terms whose concept in other fields are the main
concepts. However, overlapping cannot be avoided for
these reasons:
i) The relationship between subject fields.
ii) A number of the subject field terms are taken from
the common vocabulary.
iii) Arising from (i) and (ii), is the problem of determining where a certain concept belongs, for example,
it is difficult to determine which field these words
5

GUIDE FOR THE COMPILATION OF TERMINOLOGICAL DICTIONARIES

c)

belong to: operate, operation, feedback, variation.

If a table of concepts has been prepared, each concept
is given a serial number. New concepts are inserted
between the listed concepts. These new concepts are
designated by adding small letters to the preceding
numbers (for example, 307a) so that the serial number
is not altered. This procedure is best done on computer.

d) When the concepts exceed the given field, borrowed

concepts and concepts in general use have to be listed
in the vocabulary, it should be ascertained beforehand
that they have already been studied by a competent
authority on the subject. If they have, the terms and
definitions adopted by the authority should be retained
until some standardization is reached, as long as the
term fulfils the basics of term formation and naming
principles.

lv. Preparation of the Manuscript

1.

The Definition as a Starting Point

a) Each concept is written on a manuscript slip. When
seeking or selecting an appropriate term for a concept,
it is necessary to start with a clear definition of the
concept. The description of the definition should have
a reference as a starting point, the reference being created or found in one of the sources. This method is to
ensure that the coverage of meaning of a particular
concept is expressed in an explicit manner so that in the
process of coining or selecting terms, the wrong choice
of words is avoided. For instance the term autosuggestion is literally translated as saran din when
in fact suggestion here does not mean saran or
usul. Characteristics of definition are given in ISO
Recommendation 180-R704 on naming principles.
b) In the process of seeking or selecting the appropriate
term, the given concept must be clear. Towards clarifying the concept, a set of intrinsic characteristics should
be listed which in turn will determine the scope and
application of the term. The set of intrinsic characteristics is called the intension of the concept and whatever can be applied from it is called its extension. For
examples, motorcar or car has the basic meaning of
motorized vehicle which uses a form of energy and is
used to carry passengers. The basic characteristic of the
concept here is vehicle, + energy, etc which is different
from lorry which has the basic meaning of motorized vehicle which uses fuel and is used to transport
goods. Besides that, a motorcar can be related to its
maker, the type of engine or energy used, which are
all extensions of the basic meaning. Therefore, the
extension of the word motorcar or car will be
Mercedes car, diesel car, etc.

GUIDE FOR THE COMPILATION OF TERMINOLOGICAL DICFIONARIES

2.

Concordance of Definition

A definition should determine tie position of the given concept

in the system of all related concepts to which it belongs. The
characteristics underlying the definition should be compared
with that of other related concepts.
3.

Use of Terms in Definition

All specialized teqns that are used to define a concept should

be made separate entries and given definitions of their own in
the same publication. However, the situation whereby the
meaning of a term is defined with the aid of another concept
which in turn is defined by the first concept can arise. Therefore avoid definition by this circular method of crossreferencing.
4.

Delimiting the Scope of a Definition

Sometimes the definition can only be applied to part of the

meaning. In this case the degree of application should be
stressed, for example, by a note that the given definition only
occurs in certain fields or for certain publications.
5.

Preciseness of a Definition

The degree of preciseness of a definition depends on the type

and purpose of the technical dictionary as well as its target user.
For example, the definition of a mathematical concept in a
textbook will be more precise than in a general dictionary. If
the concept is not precisely or comprehensively defined, it should
at least be provided with an explanation or a description.
6. The Nearest Genus
The genus used in the definition based on intrinsic characteristics (intension of the concept) is the nearest related genus
that has either been defined in the dictionary or is viewed as
generally known.
8

MAJUS BABASA BRUNEI DARUSSALAM-INDONESIA.MALAYSIA (MABBIM)

7.

Definition Based on Inadequate Intrinsic Characteristics

The distinguishing characteristeric in a definition based on

intrinsic characteristics should be adequate. For example, chisel = carpenters tool, does not distinguish the chisel from the
hammer, saw or scraper. Incomplete definitions such as this are
easily identified because both parts in the equation cannot
be interchanged. The characteristics of definitions are given in
ISO Recommendation 180-R704 on naming principles.
8.

Benefit of Defining Based on Field of Application

An extensional definition cannot be complete because, probably

additional species may come into existence or are created after
the given definition is formulated. However, often an extensional
definition is clearer than an intensional definition. An intensional
definition is useful for practical reasons (as a definition or as
a complement for an intensional definition). For instance, the
meaning of triangle can be easily explained when the word segi
tiga is used.
9.

Illustration and Its Use

Illustrations are often used to clarify a definition or to make it

more precise. Depending on what they are used for, illustrations
may be in the form of photographs, or diagrams.
10. Selection of Terms
Based on the definition formulated, the terms to be included in
a terminology list or dictionary are selected or coined following
the procedure of term formation in the handbook. If several
synonymous termi are used or can be used, they should be
differentiated as follows:
1. preferred terms
3. aiternative terms

2. permitted terms
4. deprecated terms

based on IV, 4.4 Guidelines for the Formation of Terms in Malay

on synonyms and synonymity. For practical purposes, in draf t9

GUIDE FOR THE COMPILATION OF TERMINOLOGICAL DICILONARIES

ing terminology lists or dictionaries, deprecated terms need

not be included for obvious reasons.
11. Correspondence between Term and Concept
The literal meaning of a derived term, for example, in the form
of a derivative, compound word, and phrase, as well as the figurative meaning for example, metaphor and metonym should
reflect the specific characteristics of the concept.

12. Literal Meaning of Derived Terms and Word Combination

A term consisting of a derivative or word combination is similar
to an abbreviated definition. Such a term should reflect the
meaning expressed in the combination of concepts that forms
its basis. Besides that because of its shortened form, such a term
need not be tied up with each component in the combination
of concept and definition. What is needed is the characteristic
that distinguishes it from other related concepts. For example,
rumah sewa is better than rumah sewaan or rumah yang
disewakan; jambatan gantung is better than jambatan yang
digantung; Akta Hasutan is better than Akta Mencegah
Hasutan.
13. Feasibility of Terms Forming Derivatives
In choosing new terms, look for those which easily permit the
formation of derivatives according to normal grammatical rules. For example, pelbagai permits the formation of derivatives
better than berbagai. From pelbagai, these derivatives are
formed: kepelbagaian, mempelbagaikan, dipelbagaikan whereas memberbagaikan, diberbagaikan, keberbagaian, from
berbagai are not grammatical.
14. Confusing Word-Combination Term
The feature explained in terms from word combination (D-M)
which does not refer to the genus of the concept, should be
avoided. For example, kaki lima (five-foot way).
10

MAJLIS BAHASA BRUNEI DARUSSAL&M-INDONESIA.MAL&YSIA (}AABBIM)

15. Term Based on Transfer of Meaning

New terms can be created by assigning a specific meaning to
a general word or technical term in a different subject field as
long as the subject field is so far removed that there is no
likelihood of ambiguity or double meaning. For example, masukan and keluaran for input and output.
A well-chosen term of this type will be more concise, than
a derived term or a word-combination term coined for this
purpose. For example, gulrna (weed) is better than tumbuhan
pengganggu.

16. Ambiguous Terms

A term with many meanings cannot be avoided. However, such
a term which is polysemous or homonymous in nature is
confusing if: 1. The same term carries almost similar meanings, and 2. The terms often arise in similar contexts because
they are used in the same subject field. In this case, it is necessary to look for a different term in place of the term which is
confusing. Bola pancang (bowling) and tiang pancang
(concrete pillar) will not create ambiguity because the subject
fields are far removed. Ambiguity will arise if, for example,
alkohol is used for 1. kelas senyawaan alkohol, 2. etil
alkohol or etanol, and 3. minuman keras.
17. Synonymous Terms
Synonymous terms are difficult to remember and can be confusing. Example: rambang, rawak, rawu, acak, serampang are
used for random, haphazard, casual and desultory. In technical
language, the emphasis should be on clarity and not variety.
Standardization of synonymous terms should be given special
attention.
18. Synonymous Terms in the Original and International
Languages
Terms that are international in nature, mostly originate from
Latin or Greek. Contrary to item 17 above, international terms
11

GUIDE FOR THE COMPILATION OF TERMINOLOGICAL DICFI0NARIE5

or their Malay equivalents of the same family should be retained as synonyms. In official texts, for instance in law, the
original terms
if any are used, whereas the international
terms should be identified and used in international
communication. Compare, for instance, frekuensi and kekerapan, kualiti and mutu, diameter and garis tengah.
In a terminology list or technical dictionary, the synonymous
terms are italicized with the more important term preceding
the others.
-

19. Adherence to Accepted Terms

If a term or concept has been widely and generally accepted,
it should not be changed without a pressing or convincing
reason. A valid justification would be a case of infringing the
basics of terminology formation or naming, for instance, if the
change is not accepted, a new ambiguous synonym or term
would be created. It is for this reason that the basic guideline
given here should be used when forming new terms and for
selecting the most important term among those available.
20. Change of Meaning
A change of meaning is not generally easily accepted except if
the change occurs in a very specialized vocabulary (see section
on formation of terms, chap II, 2.3 General Guidelines for the
Formation of Terms in Malay). For instance, delimiting the meaning of menonton and penonton so that they are no longer
used in connection with television, was not effective.
If, because the meaning of a word has widened, the specialized term changes then the scope of meaning from the concept
related to the term has to be redefined with care. If the term
is still confusing after altering its definition, look for a new term
altogether.
21. The Context That Changes the Constituents of a Term
The context of generic terms will narrow down the meaning
so that it becomes similar to the specific meaning. That will
enable language users to shorten a term in a particular text.
12

MAJLIS BAHASA BRUNEI DARUSSAIAM-INDONESIA-MAL&YSIA (MABBIM)

For example, one of the types of vehicle (genus), outside a

particular context will be termed motorized vehicle (species).
In the sentence The vehicle has no more petrol, the term
vehicle refers to the meaning motorized vehicle.
22. Transliteration
If in terminology work it is necessary to resort to transliteration
of Cyrillic (Russian), Arabic, Ibrani or Greek to Roman characters,
the system of transliteration in ISO Recommendation should be
used as follows:
ISO R9 International System for transliteration of Cyrillic
Characters;
ISO R233 International System for transliteration of Arabic
Characters;
ISO R259 Transliteration of Hebrew; and
ISO R315 Transliteration of Greek into Latin Characters

In this case, it should be remembered that the method of

transliteration in ISO-R233 is for transliteration of Arabic and
Arabic writing to Roman characters (example, for Islamic religious terms or Arabic texts) and not the method of transliteration
of Malay from Jawi to Roman characters.
23. Coordinating Committee
The completed manuscript should be submitted to a number of
experts for their comments or brought before a committee for
discussion. There should be a coordinatjng committee to coordinate spccialized vocabularies of various fields to avoid
duplication of ~work.
24. Printers Manuscript
When the draft of the terminology list or dictionary has been
amended or completed, then the printers manuscript can be
prepared.
13

menyerap
terserapkan
serapan
penyerap (zat)
penyerapan
keterserapan
daya scrap (jenis)
kedayaserapan

absorb
absorbable
absorption
absorbent

absorption
absorbability
absorptivity
absorpti vity

4. Another benefit of using the above method is that an EnglishMalay terminology list whose terms are tied up with suffixes,
will not differ too greatly from the sequence in the Malay-English
terminology list.

MAJLIS BAHASA BRUNEI DARUSSALAM~INDONESIA~MALAYSIA

(MABBIM)

5. In those terms that are made up of phrases, each component, i.e. each word in the phrase, except the particle should
become an entry for cross reference.

15

GUIDE FOR THE COMPILATION OF TERMINOLOGICAL DICFIONARIES

VI. Publication
Serious thought should be given in considering the number of
copies to be published and the ways of distribution to ensure
that the terms reach the target user, because the standardized
vocabulary is to be distributed to a large number of people. At
best, the publication of terms should be undertaken after the
terminology list has been standardized by at least two committees to enable members to test the approved terms in practical
use. Feedback from users will encourage formation of new
terms for a concept which is better than the one made by the
previous committee and will weed out formation of terms that
are below the mark.

Appendix
A classification sample for pharmacy and mineralogy as a model
for term formation is given below.
Appendix I
Pharmacy
Pharmaceutical

Science

A. Pharmaceutics

1.

Details.
Quantum Pharmacy
Pharmaceutical Thermodynamics
4. Solution and Solubility
5. Pharmaceutical Kinetics
6. Dispersion System
7. Reology
8. Biopharmacy
Pharmacological

2.
3.

B.

Pharmaceutical Biology
1. Pharmacognosis
2. Phytochemistiy
3. Serology and Immunology
4. Alergology

C. Pharmaceutical Chemistry
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Nomenclature of Medicaments
Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Natural Products Chemistry
Drug Design

D. Pharmacology
1. Drug Clearance
2. Pharmacodynamics

GUIDE FOR THE COMPILATION OF TERMINOLOGICAL DICTIONARIES

3.

Pharmacokinetics

4.

Posology

II. Pharmaceutical Technology

A. Pharmaceutical Preparation and Formulation

1.
2.

3.

4.
5.
B.

Formulation
Extraction and separation of pharmaceutical substances.
Know-how and technique of compounding
a. Solid and semi-solid preparation
b. Liquid preparation
c. Eye and parenteral preparation
d. Aerosol
Vessel and Finishing
Radiopharmacy

Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
6.

Conditioning and Testing

Drug, food and cosmetic analysis
Biological test
Chromatography
Instrument

Analysis

Toxicology / Legal pharmacy

C. Clinical Pharmacy
1.
2.
3.

Clinical Analysis
Drug Interaction
Health Instruments

D. Administration
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Pharmaceutical Laws
Pharmacy Management
Social Pharmacy
Pharmacy Administration
Hospital Pharmacy
Industrial Pharmacy
18

MAJLIS BAIJASA BRUNEI DARUSSALAM-INDONESIA-MALkYSIA (MABBIM)

Appendix II
Mineral Science
Pure

Science

A. Crystallography
1. Crystal System, Law, Hypothesis
2. Superimposed Growth of Crystal, Aggregate
3. Crystal Chemistry. Chemical Morphology
Characteristic.
Isomorphism and Polymorphism.
4. Irregularity. Inclusion. Defect. Distortion. Negative
Crystal.
5. Formation. Growth. Recrystallization. Characteristics.
Monocrystal Form.
6. Pseudomorph and Pseudomorphism.
7. Molecular Structure. Theory of Discontinuum.

B. Mineralogy
1. Identification of minerals and its various characteristics.
2. Free Elements. Carbide. Boride. Phosphide. Nitride.
3. Sulphide. Sulpho salts. Se and Te minerals that are
suitable.
4. Halogen salts. Halogenide and oxy-halogenide.
5. Oxide. Hydroxide. Oxysulphide.
6. Silicate. Titanate. Zirconate. Torate.
7. Oxyacid salts
8. Organic mineral.
9. Minerals according to crystallography, visual and
other physical criteria.
C. Economic Geology
1. Classification of mineral deposits
2. Determination and allocation of economic ores and
minerals.

3.
4.

Origin and method of mineral formation.

Metalliferous minerals
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GUIDE FOR THE COMPILATION OF TERMINOLOGICAL DICTIONARIES

5. Non-metalliferous minerals
6.
7.
8.

Carboniferous mineral deposits

Precious and Semi-precious stones
Mineral spring

II. Applied Science I Mineral Technology

A. General Mining.
1. Preliminary investigation and exploration
2. Mining and mine operations
3. Mining Equipment and facilities
4. Transportation and Dumping
5. Processing of minerals
6. Problem of regulation and control and reclamation
of mining land
7. Health Protection and safety in mines. Mining Policy
B. Mineral Oil, Natural Gas, Earth-Warming
1. Preliminary investigation and exploration
2. Operations
3. Equipment and Facilities
4. Transportation and Dumping
5. Manufacturing
6. Problem of regulation and control
7. Health protection and safety in mines. Mining Policy.

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