Final Year Embedded Projects

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
Wireless Sensor Network Based Home Monitoring System

for Wellness Determination of Elderly
Abstract:
Wireless-sensor-network-based home monitoring system for elderly activity behavior
involves functional assessment of daily activities. In this paper, we reported a mechanism for
estimation of elderly well-being condition based on usage of house-hold appliances connected
through various sensing units. We defined two new wellness functions to determine the status of
the elderly on performing essential daily activities.
The developed system for monitoring and evaluation of essential daily activities was
tested at the homes of four different elderly persons living alone and the results are encouraging
in determining wellness of the elderly. Wireless-sensor-network-based home monitoring system
for elderly activity behavior involves functional assessment of daily activities. In this paper, we
reported a mechanism for estimation of elderly well-being condition based on usage of household appliances connected through various sensing units.
We defined two new wellness functions to determine the status of the elderly on
performing essential daily activities. The developed system for monitoring and evaluation of
essential daily activities was tested at the homes of four different elderly persons living alone and
the results are encouraging in determining wellness of the elderly.
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Mail: info@egtechprojects.com, www.egtechprojects.com
Development and Assessment of a Wireless Sensor and

Actuator Network for Heating and Cooling Loads
Abstract:
This paper describes a wireless sensor-actuator network to monitor and manage
thermostatically controlled loads, mainly heating and cooling loads, which accounts for around
50% of the residential electricity consumption. A decentralized system is proposed to modify the
electrical power demand according to a target demand profile and a set of prefixed constraints,
maintaining minimum comfort levels and minimizing the infrastructure requirements.
This solution offers the residential customers a flexible, powerful and low-cost tool to
modify their power demand profile, avoiding any additional wiring and extending the wireless
sensor-actuator networks technology towards small customers, with around 30% share of the
global electricity consumption. The proposed system has been implemented and assessed in a
university environment, where heating and cooling loads have been monitored and controlled.
Acquired data are also included in this paper as well as an example of the forced switching-off
time periods applied on the controlled loads, leading to approximately 15% reduction of the peak
power demand.
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Wireless and Pyroelectric Sensory Fusion System for Indoor

Human/Robot Localization and Monitoring
Abstract:
An indoor localization and monitoring system for robots and people is an important issue
in robotics research. Although several monitoring systems are currently under development by
previous investigators, these issues remain significant difficulties. For instance, the pyroelectric
IR (PIR) system provides less accurate information of human location and is restricted when
there are multiple targets. Furthermore, the RF localization system is constrained by its limited
accuracy.
In this study, we propose an indoor localization and monitoring system based on a
wireless and PIR (WPIR) sensory fusion system. We develop a sensor-network-based
localization method called the WPIR inference algorithm. This algorithm determines the fused
position from both the PIR localization system and RF signal localization system, which utilize
the received signal strength propagation model. We have developed and experimentally
demonstrated a WPIR sensory fusion system, which can be successfully applied in localizing
multiple targets based on two robots and two people in this study. With an accurate localization
mechanism for the indoor environment, the provision of appropriate services for people can be
realized.
A Wearable Inertial Sensor Node for Body Motion Analysis

Abstract:
A wearable wireless inertial sensor node for body motion analysis is designed and
implemented. A triaxial accelerometer, a biaxial gyroscope, and a yaw rate gyroscope are
employed to sense the accelerations and angular rates of the object attached. These three ICs, a
wireless mote, the power circuit, and a modified printed inverted-F antenna are integrated on a
four-layer printed circuit board. To achieve the compact size for comfortable wearing, the
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printed antenna is deliberately designed as small as possible, while maintaining a reasonable

antenna performance.
The proposed inertial sensor node is also easily adaptable to applications with different
power requirements because of the consideration of the periodic and moving-event wakeup in
the software design. The static characteristics and Allan deviations of the implemented node are
measured and analyzed. The false alarm rate of a moving detection based on Bayes rule is
presented and a threshold is suggested. Finally, the raw data of several body motions are
measured and those behaviors are observed apparently. The proposed inertial sensor node is
compact and easily wearable; hence, it is feasible to be applied to the body motion analysis.
A Wireless Sensory Feedback Device for Real-Time Gait

Feedback and Training
Abstract:
This paper presents a new sensing and feedback system for a personal gait rehabilitation
device based on wireless transmission of ambulation data for real-time sensory feedback for
assistive healthcare. An integrated force-sensing insole was designed, using embedded force
sensitive resistors that were sampled using a microprocessor, which then transmitted the data to
an Android smartphone for presentation to the user.
Experiments were performed to verify that the device captured accurate gait data, and
was able to influence the gait of the subject. In addition, different sensory methods of feedback
were tested to determine their individual efficacy at modulating the gait of study subject. The
results show that the feedback system is capable of influencing the gait of the user, without the
need for direct supervision by a rehabilitation specialist. In addition, a statistical analysis was
performed to establish the reliability and repeatability of the system. From these results, this
feedback system is established as a novel, inexpensive, and effective candidate for use in clinical
rehabilitation of persons with gait abnormalities.
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Wireless Haptic Communication Under Varying Delay by

Switching-Channel Bilateral Control With Energy Monitor
Abstract:
A switching-channel bilateral control with energy monitor (EM) is newly proposed to
realize haptic communication through a wireless network. The varying delay in the
communication line and the situation of duplex operation are considered. In such a system,
human operators on two sides of the master-slave robots system feel the hardness of the remote
environment placed on the contralateral side.
The EM approach is presented to judge the role of the robot (manipulated by an operator
or contacting an environment), which provides a beacon for the switching algorithm. The
position tracking of the system is improved by switching off the channel of force control in the
human manipulated robot. The problem of position drift in traditional methods is overcome.
Disturbance observer is applied to simplify the design of the bilateral control law, and to
guarantee the efficient force switching. Because of improved position tracking and satisfactory
force fidelity, the proposed approach achieves more vivid haptic transmission. By experiments,
the validity is verified.
Thermoelectric Powered Wireless Sensors for Spent Fuel

Monitoring
Abstract:
This paper describes using thermoelectric generators to power wireless sensors to
monitor spent nuclear fuel during dry-cask storage. OrigenArp was used to determine the decay
heat of the spent fuel at different times during the service life of the dry-cask. The Engineering
Equation Solver computer program modeled the temperatures inside the spent fuel storage
facility during its service life.
The temperature distribution in a thermoelectric generator and heat sink was calculated
using the computer program Finite Element Heat Transfer. From these temperature distributions
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the power produced by the thermoelectric generator was determined as a function of the service
life of the dry-cask. In addition, an estimation of the path loss experienced by the wireless signal
can be made based on materials and thickness of the structure. Once the path loss is known, the
transmission power and thermoelectric generator power requirements can be determined. This
analysis estimates that a thermoelectric generator can produce enough power for a sensor to
function and transmit data from inside the dry-cask throughout its service life.
Study on a Multi-Ions Sensing System for Monitoring of

Blood Electrolytes With Wireless Home-Care System
Abstract:
This study developed a multi-ions sensing system that includes pH, potassium, sodium,
and chloride ion sensors with a wireless home-care system. The pH sensor was based on a tin
oxide (SnO )/indium tin oxide (ITO) glass, and the potassium, sodium, and chloride ion sensors
were based on the pH sensor with sensing membrane. The tin oxide (SnO) sensing membrane
was deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate using a sputtering system. The sensing
membranes of the ion sensors were prepared by mixing poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), bis (2ethylhexyl) sebacate (DOS), ionophores, and additives. According to the experimental results,
sensitivities of the sensors all were over the value 51 mV/decade.
The linear range of pH sensor was between pH2 and pH12, the linear ranges of
potassium, sodium, and chloride sensors all were over from 1 mM to 1 M. Therefore, the multiions sensing system is suitable for monitoring of blood electrolytes. The correlations of the
multi-ion sensors under different test solutions also were discussed. Moreover, this study also
investigated sensors module, portable module, Bluetooth module, personal computer (PC)
terminal, and portable unit of the wireless home-care system. A graphical measurement interface
for data recorded and measurement results displayed was designed by National Instrument LabVIEW software. According to the experimental results, the measurement data by the wireless
home-care system are near the real values. The wireless home-care system could successfully
monitor and transmitted the sensing signals.
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Sensors-Based Wearable Systems for Monitoring of Human

Movement and Falls
Abstract:
The rapid aging of the world's population, along with an increase in the prevalence of
chronic illnesses and obesity, requires adaption and modification of current healthcare models.
One such approach involves telehealth applications, many of which are based on sensor
technologies for unobtrusive monitoring. Recent technological advances, in particular, involving
microelectromechnical systems, have resulted in miniaturized wearable devices that can be used
for a range of applications. One of the leading areas for utilization of body-fixed sensors is the
monitoring of human movement.
An overview of common ambulatory sensors is presented, followed by a summary of the
developments in this field, with an emphasis on the clinical applications of falls detection, falls
risk assessment, and energy expenditure. The importance of these applications is considerable in
light of the global demographic trends and the resultant rise in the occurrence of injurious falls
and the decrease of physical activity. The potential of using such monitors in an unsupervised
manner for community-dwelling individuals is immense, but entails an array of challenges with
regards to design c onsiderations, implementation protocols, and signal analysis processes. Some
limitations of the research to date and suggestions for future research are also discussed.
Sensors for Gesture Recognition Systems

Abstract:
A gesture recognition system (GRS) is comprised of a gesture, gesture-capture device
(sensor), tracking algorithm (for motion capture), feature extraction, and classification algorithm.
With the impending movement toward natural communication with mechanical and software
systems, it is important to examine the first apparatus that separates the human communicator
and the device being controlled. Although there are numerous reviews of GRSs, a
comprehensive analysis of the integration of sensors into GRSs and their impact on system
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performance is lacking in the professional literature. Thus, we have undertaken this effort.
Determination of the sensor stimulus, context of use, and sensor platform are major preliminary
design issues in GRSs.
Thus, these three components form the basic structure of our taxonomy. We emphasize
the relationship between these critical components and the design of the GRS in terms of its
architectural functions and computational requirements. In this treatise, we consider sensors that
are capable of capturing dynamic and static arm and hand gestures. Although we discuss various
sensor types, our main focus is on visual sensors as we expect these to become the sensor of
choice in the foreseeable future. We delineate the challenges ahead for their increased
effectiveness in this application domain. We note as a special challenge, the development of
sensors that take over many of the functions the GRS designer struggles with today. We believe
our contribution, in this first survey on sensors for GRSs, can give valuable insights into this
important research and development topic, and encourage advanced research directions and new
approaches.
Sensor Network Based Oil well Health Monitoring and

Intelligent Control
Abstract:
Most oil pumping units (OPUs) have been using manual control in the oilfield. This
existing oil-pumping system, a high power-consuming process, has the incapability of OPU's
structural health monitoring. In this paper, a sensor network based intelligent control is proposed
for power economy and efficient oilwell health monitoring.
The proposed sensor network consists of three-level sensors: (1) several types of basic
sensors, such as load sensor, angular sensor, voltage sensor, current sensor and oil pressure
sensor, which are the first level sensors (FLS), are used for oilwell data sensing; (2) our
developed intelligent sensors (IS), which belong to the second level sensor, are designed mainly
for an oilwell's data elementary processing, main fault alarm/indication, typical data
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storage/indication, data/status transmission up to the third level sensor (TLS), data/status

transmission between IS, and command transmission down to the OPU motor; and (3) our
developed software-defined (SD) control centers with an embedded database, i.e., the TLS, are
designed for hundreds of oilwells data storage/management, data processing, malfunction
detection, malfunction alarm/indication, stroke-adjustment command transmission down to a
specific IS for power economy and the malfunction report to the maintenance staff via global
system for mobile communications (GSM) short message service (SMS). Experiment results at
the Chinese Petroleum's Changqing Oilfield demonstrate our proposed sensor network based
system.
A Passive Radio-Frequency pH-Sensing Tag for Wireless

Food-Quality Monitoring
Abstract:
We present a new method, suitable for food quality management by wirelessly
monitoring pH level changes in food with a flexible pH sensor embedded in a batteryless radiofrequency (RF) transponder. The wireless sensor tag includes a flexible pH sensor based on
miniature iridium oxide (IrOx) and silver chloride (AgCl) sensing electrodes integrated on a
deformable substrate, and batteryless wireless communication circuitry. The sensor tag and
reader system is designed to achieve convenient, long-term, and on-demand wireless in situ
monitoring of food quality, especially for large-quantity applications and continuous monitoring
from place of production to retail stores.
Low-cost IrOx sol-gel fabrication process was applied on polymeric substrates to form
the flexible sensing films, and a sensitivity of -49.7 mV/pH was achieved. Inducting coupling
provides electromagnetic energy from the reader to drive the transponder circuits that retransmit
the sensor-data modulated signals back to the reader. The electrochemical potential created by
the IrOx/AgCl sensing electrodes is converted to a modulated frequency and the system achieves
a sensitivity of 633 Hz/pH. The wireless pH sensing system was tested for in situ monitoring of
the spoilage processes in fish meats continuously for over 18 h. The feasibility of wirelessly
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monitoring pH values in fish meats that could be used to identify spoilage remotely has been
demonstrated.
One-to-Multipoint Laser Remote Power Supply System for

Wireless Sensor Networks
Abstract:
A method to use laser to supply power remotely for multinode wireless sensor networks
is proposed in this paper. In the working space of wireless sensor networks, laser is transformed
to a spatial distributed light field with certain uniformity and its wavelength is converted to the
most sensitive wavelength of solar cell by the phosphor element. Thus, more wireless sensor
networks nodes can be powered at the same time. A demonstration experiment is carried out, an
yttrium aluminum garnet phosphor element is stimulated by the 3 W 457 nm laser and a uniform
diffused light field with 3 /4 space angle is obtained.
The average optical energy density is 85 W/cm2 at the distance 1.5 m away from the
phosphor surface. An ultra low-power consumption energy harvesting system is designed. Under
the radiation of remote laser power supply, characteristics of the energy harvesting system are
tested. The result is that the system can supply 92.1 mJ during 0.7 s which can provide enough
energy for WSN node. Preliminary result of a real-life application in an oil cellar is also given.
As a novel power supply method for wireless sensor networks, it is a good active power supply
candidate for wireless sensor networks when the environment energy field is not strong enough.
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Cooperative Wireless Sensor Environments Supporting

Body Area Networks
Abstract:
Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) in recent years have received significant
attention, due to their potential for increasing efficiency in healthcare monitoring. Typical
sensors used for WBAN are low powered single transceiver devices utilizing a single channel for
transmission at the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. However, performance of these
devices usually degrades when the density of sensors increases. One approach to counter this
performance degradation is to exploit multiple channels at the MAC layer, where optimal usage
of the channels is achieved through cooperation between the sensor nodes.
In this paper we propose a cooperative WBAN environment that supports multi-hop
transmission through cooperation involving both environmental sensors and WBAN nodes. Our
solution extends the cooperation at the MAC layer to a cross-layered gradient based routing
solution that allows interaction between WBAN and environmental sensors in order to ensure
data delivery from WBANs to a distant gateway. Extensive simulations for healthcare scenarios
have been performed to validate the cooperation at the MAC layer, as well as the cross-layered
gradient based routing. Comparisons to other cooperative multi-channel MAC and routing
solutions have shown the overall performance improvement of the proposed approach evaluated
in terms of packet loss, power consumption and delay.
Hand-Motion Crane Control Using Radio-Frequency RealTime Location Systems

Abstract:
Human operators have difficulty driving cranes quickly, accurately, and safely because
the heavy structure of the crane responds slowly and its payload oscillates. Manipulation
difficulty is increased by nonintuitive control interfaces (such as buttons, levers, and joysticks)
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that require substantial experience to master. This paper presents a new type of interface that
allows operators to drive a crane by simply moving a hand-held radio-frequency tag through the
desired path.
Real-time location sensors are used to track the movements of the tag and its position is
used in a feedback control loop to drive the crane. Unfortunately, crane movements usually
induce large-amplitude payload oscillations. Therefore, an input-shaping control element is used
to limit payload swing. Experimental results on an industrial bridge crane validate the controller
performance.
Embedded System Integrated Into a Wireless Sensor

Network for Online Dynamic Torque
and Efficiency Monitoring in Induction Motors
Abstract:
The system proposed in this paper aims at monitoring the torque and efficiency in
induction motors in real time by employing wireless sensor networks (WSNs). An embedded
system is employed for acquiring electrical signals from the motor in a noninvasive manner, and
then performing local processing for torque and efficiency estimation.
The values calculated by the embedded system are transmitted to a monitoring unit
through an IEEE 802.15.4-based WSN. At the base unit, various motors can be monitored in real
time. An experimental study was conducted for observing the relationship between the WSN
performance and the spectral occupancy at the operating environment. This study demonstrated
that the use of intelligent nodes, with local processing capability, is essential for this type of
application. The embedded system was deployed on a workbench, and studies were conducted to
analyze torque and system efficiency.
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Sensor Network Design for Smart Highways

Abstract:
A unique and efficient system model is proposed for sensor networks to create sensorsmart highways. The approach first considers various cell geometries encountered with 2-D
roads and then extends the same to 3-D roads. Mathematical relations describing each type of
cell are derived, and the analyses indicate the numbers and positions of sensor nodes needed in
each cell of a certain type. We then propose algorithms for computing the deployment positions
of sensor nodes on roads by describing them as consisting of cells of different geometries. We
also validate the approach by computing a sensor deployment using real geospatial data.
Environmental sensor networks using existing wireless

communication systems for rainfall and wind velocity
measurements
Abstract:
The microwave links that form a wireless communication network (WCN) for a cellular
network infrastructure can be considered for an environmental sensor network (ESN). Every
radio link that connects a base station to the core network is a sensor. For such an ESN, the key
challenge is to develop algorithms to estimate the intensity of weather effects that impair
communication performance - first rainfall and wind, and then, humidity, fog, and snow.
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Designing an Adaptive Acoustic Modem for Underwater

Sensor Networks
Abstract:
There is a growing interest in using underwater networked systems for oceanographic
applications. These networks often rely on acoustic communication, which poses a number of
challenges for reliable data transmission. The underwater acoustic channel is highly variable;
each link can experience vastly different conditions, which change according to environmental
factors as well as the locations of the communicating nodes. This makes it difficult to ensure
reliable communication.
Furthermore, due to the high transmit power, the energy consumed in transmitting data is
substantial, which is exacerbated at lower data rates. The main challenge that we address in this
article is how to build a system that provides reliable and energy efficient communication in
underwater sensor networks. To this end, we propose an adaptive underwater acoustic modem
which changes its parameters according to the situation. We present the design of such a modem
and provide supporting results from simulations and experiments.
A Context-Adaptive Multimodal WSN for Energy-Efficient

Gas Monitoring
Abstract:
We present a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for monitoring Indoor Air Quality (IAQ),
which is crucial for peoples comfort, health and safety since we spend a large percentage of time
in indoor environments. A major concern in such networks is energy efficiency, because gas
sensors are power-hungry and the sensor node must operate unattended for several years with
battery power supply. A system with aggressive energy management at sensor level, node level
and network level is presented.
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The node is designed with very low sleep current consumption (only 8 A) and it contains
a Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOX) gas sensor and a Pyroelectric InfraRed (PIR) sensor.
Furthermore, the network is multimodal: it exploits information from auxiliary sensors like PIR
sensors about presence of people and from the neighbor nodes about gas concentration to modify
the behavior of the node and the measuring frequency of the gas concentration. In this way we
reduce the nodes activity and energy requirements, providing a reliable service at the same time.
To evaluate our approach and the benefits of the context-aware adaptive sampling, we simulate
an application scenario which demonstrates a significant lifetime extension (several years)
compared to the continuously driven gas sensor. In March 2012 we deployed the WSN with 36
nodes in a four-storey building and by now the performance has confirmed models and
expectations.
Evaluation of wireless sensor network monitoring for indoor

spaces
Abstract:
Small-scale, medium-term deployments are an important tool when planning to install a
wireless sensor network (WSN) monitoring system. It is vital to assess the software and
hardware reliability of the desired solution in a well specified scenario. Also, it allows the system
designer to evaluate beforehand the radio environment, a critical task in crowded environments
such as buildings. The multitude of walls and large metal objects can produce unwanted effects
such as fading and multi-path reflections while high powered radio devices produce interference
when operating in the same band as the sensor nodes.
This leads to a high packet loss rate and affect battery life through increased number of
packet retransmissions. In this paper we report our results from a week long continues
monitoring of an indoor space. Our focus is on sampling data for temperature, humidity,
barometric pressure and ambient light. We analyze the results and provide experience regarding
future real systems aimed at high spatial resolution measurements of environmental parameters
indoors. Our study concerns sensor data, energy consumption of sensor nodes and radio channel
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characterization. A network sniffer is also employed to provide insight into the behaviour of the
wireless mesh networking protocol. We consider that the relevance of our work can be
highlighted in saved costs associated with maintenance operations and man-hours after a final,
large-scale deployment of WSN instrumentation has already taken place.
Distributed human tracking using pyroelectric sensor

network
Abstract:
This paper presents a distributed human tracking system based on pyroelectric sensor
network and corresponding tracking algorithm. By using the field of view (FOV) of each sensor,
two nodes of one detection area can detect the localization of target. In the design of tracking
algorithm, a distributed information filter is constructed by using joint probabilistic data
association (JPDA) and consensus method. The simulation and experimental results verified the
validity of tracking algorithm and improved tracking performance after using the proposed
distributed self-calibration.
Design and implementation of a street parking system using

wireless sensor networks
Abstract:
Recently, with the explosive increase of automobiles in China, people park their cars on
streets without following the rules and police has hard time to conduct law enforcement without
introducing effective street parking system. To solve the problem, we propose a SPS (street
parking system) based on wireless sensor networks. For accurately detecting a parking car, a
parking algorithm based on state machine is also proposed. As the vehicle detection in SPS is
absolutely critical, we use a Honeywell 3-axis magnetic sensor to detect vehicle.
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However, the magnetic sensor may be affected by the fluctuation of the outside
temperature. To solve the problem, we introduce a moving drift factor. On the parking lot in
Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), 62 sensor devices are deployed to evaluate
the performance of SPS. By running the system for several months, we observe the vehicle
detection accurate rate of the SPS is nearly 99%. The proposed SPS is energy efficient. The end
device can run about 7 years with one 2400mAh AA battery.
Towards reliable and lightweight communication in

industrial wireless sensor networks
Abstract:
In this paper we address the issues of timeliness and transmission reliability of existing
industrial communication standards. We combine a Forward Error Correction coding scheme on
the Medium Access Control layer with a lightweight routing protocol to form an IEEE 802.15.4conformable solution, which can be implemented into already existing hardware without
violating the standard. After laying the theoretical foundations, we conduct a performance
evaluation of the proposed solution. The results show a substantial gain in reliability and reduced
latency, compared to the uncoded transmissions, as well as common Wireless Sensor Network
routing protocols.
Performance evaluation of energy management system in

smart home using wireless sensor network
Abstract:
In this paper we evaluate the performance of Energy Management and Building
Automation Systems in smart environment using wireless sensor network. We describe some
aspects of smart grid and then explain the related communication models of smart meters and
building management or energy management systems in a smart home. We propose three
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models, then we compare these models and we select a model for our test bed. We implement the
selected model in real environment using wireless sensor network. We analyse network delay to
find out whether wireless sensor network is useful or not. With proposed model, we can save up
to 57% in energy cost. Also, we develop In- home display to inform customers about their
energy usage so that they can manage their energy consumption easier.
Multi-channel Wireless Mesh Networks Test-Bed with

Embedded Systems
Abstract:
There are many commercial wireless mesh networks(WMN) products available in the
market but incompatibility issues exist as the method to achieve WMN for each vendor is
different and proprietary. This has led to the research of the embedded solution that implements
the WMN in accordance with the 802.11s draft standard. In this implementation, it allows the
legacy system to connect to the WMN regardless of the platform with the help of the second
channel. Besides that, the multi-channel implementation is also used to distribute the load
between the 2 non-overlapping channels.
The 2 channels are used for the legacy stations to connect to the WMN and the WMN
backbone connection respectively. This paper was written as an explanation on how to build the
embedded version of Free BSD to work as a wireless mesh router with PC Engines Alix 3d2 and
the details of the configurations done. The WMN implementation of the Free BSD 8.2 operating
system (OS) was used and system evaluations were done on the embedded systems.
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Energy Monitoring System Using Sensor Networks in

Residential Houses
Abstract:
The energy consumption of consumer electronics has been increasing over the past half
century. Due to the growing importance of energy saving, many researches about the energy
savings of information and communication technology have been presented. Providing residents
with information on their energy use has become a feasible option to promote energy savings in
the residential sector. In this paper, a home energy management system, particularly an energy
monitoring system using sensor networks, is described. The authors designed and developed a
smart power strip sensor network and evaluated its accuracy and energy saving efficiency.
Modeling and analysis of a solar powered wireless sensor

node
Abstract:
A wireless sensor node powered by solar energy is modeled and analyzed. The sensor
node consists of six components: solar panel, maximum power point tracker, input stage,
supercapacitor, output stage, and load. The components are either modeled using equivalent
circuits or characterized by behavior defining parameters. The sensor node model is first
simulated and analyzed using a typical solar radiation and a fixed load current. Results show that
these component models capture their characteristics. Two supercapacitor models, the variable
leakage resistance model and the energy iteration equation model, are compared within the
sensor node model. Their potential impacts on sensor node operation are investigated.
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Design and implementation of industrial network

monitoring protocol for networked industrial sensors
Abstract:
We propose a new industrial network monitoring protocol to monitor spatially distributed
autonomous sensors. The proposed protocol is designed for a monitoring network using low-rate
wireless personal area networks (LR-PANs), and has low resource overheads and low-cost for
devices that retrieve sensor data, which operate on the SoC (System on Chip) with
Microcontroller Unit (MCU), memory and 2.4GHz RF transceiver. The proposed protocol
network is implemented in a monitoring network system that comprises a monitoring server and
industrial monitoring devices such as a gateway and several acquisition devices. In this paper, we
have established a realistic environment for the performance evaluation of the proposed protocol.
Several sets of experiments are conducted to verify the performance of the proposed protocol.
A novel cost-effective architecture and deployment strategy

for integrated RFID and WSN systems
Abstract:
In this paper, we propose a novel architecture for integrated Radio Frequency IDentifiers
(RFIDs) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to accommodate an array of applications in a
cost-effective manner. Integration combines the traceability and sensing capabilities of the two
technologies to maximize the effectiveness of the resulting systems. RFID technology extends
the ability of WSNs by tracking otherwise un-sensible objects. WSNs, on the other hand, provide
information on the environment surrounding the node and the ability to transmit in multi-hops to
wider areas.
We propose a novel architecture to integrate these technologies via super nodes that serve
as both RFID readers and relay hubs. The count of the super nodes dominates the cost of these
integrated networks. Thus, it is crucial to distribute these nodes over the layout in a way that
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minimizes their count while ensuring coverage. We employ Integer Linear Programming (ILP)
to achieve a deployment scheme that addresses such constraints. Our approach generated
outstanding results in terms of cost-efficiency when compared to other WSN/RFID integrated
architectures.
Low cost weather station with remote control

Abstract:
This work describes use a PC to control home weather station and visualization
measuring data via applications written in programming language C# with communications via
USB or RS232. Weather station is capable of measure temperature up to five temperature
sensors DS18B20, wind speed via measuring turbine with optical encoder, the intensity of
illumination via light sensitive element and finally is able to detect an approaching thunderstorm
by measuring atmospheric charge. The station also disposing eight galvanic separation switch
outputs, whose function in the supplied software set to customer requirements. Visualization is
done in the charts for each measured quantity and also in arranged the panel, depicting the actual
situation.
Advances and challenges of wireless body area networks for

healthcare applications
Abstract:
The term wireless body area network (WBAN) is used to describe a network of devices
connected wirelessly for communication on, in and near the body. In this paper, we survey the
current state of various aspects of WBAN technologies that are being used in healthcare
applications. In particular, we examine the following areas: monitoring and sensing, power
efficient protocols, system architectures, routing, and security. We conclude by discussing open
research issues, their potential solutions and future trends.
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Intelligent wireless street lighting system

Abstract:
We propose an innovative wireless street lighting system with optimized management
and efficiency. Wireless communication uses ZigBee-based wireless devices which allow more
efficient street lamp system management, thanks to an advanced interface and control
architecture. It uses many sensors to control and guarantee the optimal system parameters; the
information is transferred point-by-point using ZigBee transmitters and receivers and is sent to a
control terminal used to check the state of the street lamps and to take appropriate measures in
case of failure. The system allows substantial energy savings with increased performance and
maintainability.
The water quality monitoring system based on WSN

Abstract:
The water quality monitoring system is designed for the need of environmental protection
department in a particular area of the water quality requirements. The system is based on the
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). It consists of Wireless Water Quality Monitoring Network and
Remote Data Center. The hardware platform use wireless microprocessor CC2430 as the core of
the node.
The sensor network is builted in accordance with Zigbee wireless transmission
agreement. WSN Sample the water quality, and send the data to Internet with the help of the
GPRS DTU which has a built-in TCP/IP protocol. Through the Internet, Remote Data Center
gets the real-time water quality data, and then analysis, process and record the data.
Environmental protection department can provide real-time guidance to those industry which
depends on regional water quality conditions, like industrial, plant and aquaculture. The most
important is that the work can be more efficient and less cost.
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In-building lighting management system with wireless

communications
Abstract:
Smart Grid refers to the next generation power grid in which the electricity distribution
and management are upgraded by incorporating advanced communications and capabilities for
improved control, efficiency, reliability and safety. Among all fields covered by the term Smart
Grid such as renewable energies, smart metering, electric vehicles, etc. lighting control in home
and building facilities is one of the Smart Grid aspects which is still using very inefficient
technologies. The energy consumption in lighting can be heavily decreased by applying the new
information and communication technologies.
This paper focuses on the development of a lighting management system making use of
wireless sensor networks and implemented using commercial electronic ballast with DALI
communication protocol. The approach consists of integrating into the master controller device a
wireless sensor network in which any DALI ballast is controlled by a network node.
Experimental results about consumption and the system performance are presented and
discussed.
Design and Implementation of Wireless Obstacle Detection

System for Safe Locomotion
Abstract:
Obstacle detection is one of the important aspects to be considered in the development of
smart assistive devices. The latest mobility assistive devices are equipped with this function as a
safety precaution for the users to avoid obstacles in their path. In this project, a wireless,
miniature, low cost, obstacle detection system is proposed. The system is based on optical
sensors which can detect a wide range of obstacles, such as small objects on the walkway (e.g.,
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toys), large static obstructions (e.g. building wall), as well as stairs and uneven surfaces, and
inform the wearer several times before making contact with the object (e.g., 0.5m, 1.5m and 2m).
The sensors are miniature and are suitable for integrating in the shoe for the wearer to undertake
normal daily activities.
Location Based Services and Museum Information Systems

Abstract:
The development of computer technology, mobile devices and sensor technology during
the past 30 years has continually affected the creation of new applications based on emergent
technologies. By combining the advantages of established technologies with these new
approaches and furthermore adapting those criteria to different user needs and application
scenarios, including the location of users, we are able to extend existing applications with new
mobile components and services. The main focus of this paper is to describe the design of mobile
multimedia indoor information systems and context-sensitive services based on a RFID sensor
network in museums and passive RFID tags. In order to cover a wide range of applications a
standard system architecture was developed.
A Model Driven Software Framework for Zigbee Based

Energy Saving Systems
Abstract:
While wireless sensor network drives the trend toward low-cost, in many industrial
applications, it is not this factor that impacts on the rapid deployment of products on the markets
but the rapidly changing application environment and design requirements. How to rapidly
construct application software for different design requirements and operate smoothly are major
challenges. An automatic embedded software generation framework that can create and evolve
Zigbee applications is proposed. The framework consists of several major modules: pattern
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extraction, code generation and architecture mapping. Pattern extraction and development are
designed to provide Zigbee application with the benefit of model reuse and modification. SysML
serves as a medium between pattern development and code generation.
State diagrams, class diagrams and sequence diagram help describes a specific
application scenario. This research provides an embedded software development framework that
integrates the heterogeneous readers and sensors interfaces with an optimal energy control model
to enhance the quality of digital home living environments. The framework allows rapid
deployment of the supporting software for a suite of energy control and sensing devices aiming
not only at energy saving but allowing individual residents to monitor their energy use at any
time.
The closely similar pattern of power consumption profiles among hand written code and
model derived code indicate that our tool has successfully completed the goal in synthesizing the
required component codes and function successfully in controlling the comfort level with
minimum amount of energy consumption. The stored energy efficient pattern can be reused at
will for real world application of energy saving deployments.
Metal mine underground safety monitoring system based on

WSN
Abstract:
In order to improve the unreliable current situation of metal mine monitoring system, we
put forward a monitoring system which contains both environment monitoring and personnel
positioning based on WSN. Fist of all, we introduce the structure of the system and the meaning
of every component, then we design the hardware of base-station including End-point, Router
and Coordinator and ID card. And then, we discussed which personnel positioning algorithm
should be used in this metal mine. At last, we introduce the GIS management platform and how
does it work on GIS management platform.
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Wireless sensor networks for fire emergency and gas

detection
Abstract:
Environmental monitoring applications require adept networking strategies and reliable
communications to ensure the integrity of their most fundamental operations including the
sensing duties, network-node interactions, and system resiliency to unpredictable events. In this
paper, we propose a fire emergency and gas detection system based on WSNs for both indoor
and outdoor environments. The challenges which are addressed in this paper include:
management of nodes, provision of algorithms, risk modeling and analysis, and Over-The-AirProgramming (OTAP).
Applied application of sensor networks in underground

mines
Abstract:
This paper presents an applied system architecture of sensor networks for managing air
pollution in the underground mine zones. The system is based on common Wireless Sensor
Network (WSN) protocols and multi-radio node architectures which are used to connect the
underground mining sites with the outside world.
Furthermore, this paper establishes the groundwork for enabling wireless connectivity
between the sensing platforms and the routing nodes using data-forwarding techniques and
initiating long-range links among WSNs. In this paper, we describe the techniques which
highlight common sharing of resources between independent WSNs in order to improve the
network operations including the ability to track real-time data and allowing access to Internet
services.
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Application framework for wireless sensor networks

Abstract:
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are evolving rapidly towards specialized application
technologies aimed at enhancing monitoring capabilities in the environmental and safety
domains. The recent trend of advancing wireless telecommunications technology and sensor
design suggest that WSNs will soon find its way into our homes, industries, and natural
surroundings. Current WSN research focuses on lowering power consumptions, and providing
rigid network performances in terms of bandwidth availability and data rates. The objective of
this paper is to develop an application framework for implementing a number of environmental
and safety applications. We discuss the major elements of this framework including: Over-TheAir-Programming (OTAP), communication and network configuration, sensors manageability,
power efficiency, alarm generation, and finally remote connectivity.
Short-range wireless communication based on AVR

microcontroller: Remote control
system of aircraft model for example
Abstract:
With the rapid development of the network and the communication technologies, the
demand for wireless communication is increasing. In recent years, short-range wireless
communication had a rapid development and application in all aspects because of its advantages.
This paper, as the aircraft model' remote control system for a example, briefly introduced how to
achieve short-range wireless communication based on AVR microcontroller. In addition, in this
design, to get a longer transmission distance, we design a RF module.
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A modified wireless token ring protocol for wireless sensor

network
Abstract:
The Wireless Token Ring Protocol (WTRP) is a distributed medium access control
(MAC) protocol which features self-organization, self-healing and no center, etc. It also
guarantees fair node access and quality of service (QoS). Due to the enclosed nature of the ring
structure, WTRP is not suitable for scenarios with rapid topology variations, but proved to be a
valuable MAC protocol candidate for wireless sensor networks with relatively stable structure.
This paper presents a modified WTRP with improvements in network structure expansion,
energy saving and transport efficiency enhancement. The modified node joining mechanism
expands the closed loop into node clusters, which enables better coverage; the sleeping scheme
improves power efficiency; while dynamic token hold time adjusting enhances data throughput.
Design of an energy-saving routing protocol in wireless

sensor networks
Abstract:
This paper takes energy-saving into consideration, basing on typical clustering routing
protocol and combining with the optimal cluster-head selection formula, the improved threshold
formula and cluster radios formulas to choose cluster-heads. Applying the proportionality
principle to the forming stage of cluster to make the distribution of cluster even more reasonable;
during the stable stage of cluster, the member nodes in cluster use TDMA to communicate with
the cluster-head node, and cluster-head nodes communicate with base station BS via multi-hop
interrupt communication manner.
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Realization of intelligence monitoring system based on

remote sensor technology
Abstract:
With the continuous improvement of living standards, people's demands on security also
grow with each passing day. In order to achieve safety monitoring on important places or
valuables, a new intelligence monitoring system was designed and implemented. It took the
wireless sensor technology and the embedded control technology as the foundation. At the same
time, it realized the wireless remote communication with GSM mobile communication
technology.
The structure, function and working principle of the wireless remote monitoring system
were introduced. The hardware and software of the system were all designed and realized. It
achieved wireless remote monitoring on important places and valuables finally. Experimental
results show that the wireless remote monitoring system works well and has the stable data
collection and transmission quality. It has a high value for practical application.
ZIGBEE BASED PROJECTS

A Reliable Transmission Protocol for ZigBee-Based Wireless
Patient Monitoring
Abstract:
Patient monitoring systems are gaining their importance as the fast-growing global
elderly population increases demands for caretaking. These systems use wireless technologies to
transmit vital signs for medical evaluation. In a multihop ZigBee network, the existing systems
usually use broadcast or multicast schemes to increase the reliability of signals transmission;
however, both the schemes lead to significantly higher network traffic and end-to-end
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transmission delay. In this paper, we present a reliable transmission protocol based on anycast
routing for wireless patient monitoring.
Our scheme automatically selects the closest data receiver in an anycast group as a
destination to reduce the transmission latency as well as the control overhead. The new protocol
also shortens the latency of path recovery by initiating route recovery from the intermediate
routers of the original path. On the basis of a reliable transmission scheme, we implement a
ZigBee device for fall monitoring, which integrates fall detection, indoor positioning, and ECG
monitoring. When the triaxial accelerometer of the device detects a fall, the current position of
the patient is transmitted to an emergency center through a ZigBee network. In order to clarify
the situation of the fallen patient, 4-s ECG signals are also transmitted. Our transmission scheme
ensures the successful transmission of these critical messages.
The experimental results show that our scheme is fast and reliable. We also demonstrate
that our devices can seamlessly integrate with the next generation technology of wireless wide
area network, worldwide interoperability for microwave access, to achieve real-time patient
monitoring.
A Zigbee-Based Wearable Physiological Parameters

Monitoring System
Abstract:
The design and development of a Zigbee smart noninvasive wearable physiological
parameters monitoring device has been developed and reported in this paper. The system can be
used to monitor physiological parameters, such as temperature and heart rate, of a human
subject. The system consists of an electronic device which is worn on the wrist and finger, by an
at-risk person. Using several sensors to measure different vital signs, the person is wirelessly
monitored within his own home.
An impact sensor has been used to detect falls. The device detects if a person is medically
distressed and sends an alarm to a receiver unit that is connected to a computer. This sets off an
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alarm, allowing help to be provided to the user. The device is battery powered for use outdoors.
The device can be easily adapted to monitor athletes and infants. The low cost of the device will
help to lower the cost of home monitoring of patients recovering from illness. A prototype of the
device has been fabricated and extensively tested with very good results.
Speech Codecs for High-Quality Voice over ZigBee

Applications: Evaluation and Implementation Challenges
Abstract:
The ZigBee standard is designed to enable the deployment of low-cost, low-power
wireless sensor and control networks based on the IEEE 802.15.4 physical radio standard.
Despite the low data rates of ZigBee, its use for transmission of voice has been proven to be
feasible.
This article presents the evaluation and implementation of a voice codec performed in
the framework of the Z-Phone project, which targeted the development of a low-cost, ultra-lowpower, long-range, ergonomic wireless headset using ZigBee technology to transmit voice in
full-duplex mode for use with leading PC VoIP programs. In particular, it presents all the criteria
taken into account in selecting the most suitable codec, and also the details and performance of
its implementation.
An Enhanced ZigBee Indoor Positioning System With an

Ensemble Approach
Abstract:
This paper presents a framework for ZigBee indoor positioning with an ensemble
approach. This approach exploits the complementary advantages of various algorithms, weights
the estimation results, and combines them to improve accuracy. This is achieved by dynamically
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analyzing the diverse patterns of inputs and combining base positioning algorithms with spatial
dependent weights. The experiments were conducted in a realistic ZigBee sensor network.
Results demonstrated that the proposed approach apparently achieves more accurate location
estimation than the compared methods including the gradient-based search, linear squares
approximation, multidimensional scaling, fingerprinting method, and a multi-expert system.
Correct-by-Construction and Optimal Synthesis of BeaconEnabled Zigbee Network

Abstract:
In this paper we develop a formal approach for the synthesis of a cost-effective and
correct-by-construction communication network (focusing on ZigBee wireless networks) subject
to a set of end-to-end communication constraints of latency, bandwidth and error-rate, together
with the constraints of the network protocols and the desired geographical placement of the
network. We also develop a software platform to implement the proposed approach for network
synthesis, and apply it to a practical wireless network synthesis for centralized as well as
distributed estimation application.
Human detection for residential smart energy systems based

on Zigbee RSSI changes
Abstract:
In this article, the device-free human presence detection method based on radio signal
strength variations is proposed. The method exploits the known fact that human body interferes
with radio signals by causing fading and shadowing effects. Introduced irregularities in the radio
propagation pattern indicate possible presence of a human. The proposed method is incorporated
into the existing platform for intelligent residential energy management.
As opposed to conventional solutions which utilize a complex set of sensors for human
detection, the proposed approach achieves the same only by analyzing and quantifying radio
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signal strength variations incorporated in messages exchanged between 2.4 GHz radio
transceivers. One of the key benefits of the proposed solution is the integration of the detection
algorithm into the smart power outlets and smart light switches. Such an approach improves
interactions in smart home systems, enables intelligent power consumption management and low
installation cost.
Evaluation of ZigBee Time-of-Flight-Based Distance

Measurement for Application in
Emergency Underground Navigation
Abstract:
Low-cost ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4) modules were evaluated as an underground radio
frequency (RF) positioning technology. The work, which was carried out in two tunnels
considered representative of the variety of mining conditions, forms part of a study of location
technologies for use in a navigation device in mines and tunnels following an emergency
incident. Accurate positioning within tunnels was successfully demonstrated over a significant
operating range using time-of-flight measurements on multiple channels and combining the
results using a filtered averaging algorithm.
It was further shown that the technology would continue to provide accurate positioning
information in the presence of RF interference from the types of microwave networks commonly
used in mines and in the presence of metallic obstructions such as machinery or vehicles that are
frequently encountered.
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ZigBee standard in creation of wireless networks for

advanced metering infrastructures
Abstract:
The current grid must be updated and controlled with automated systems that offer the
intelligence of the smart grid. In this task the wireless networks for sensors and actuators are
very important component of the future grid infrastructure, being the nerve cells of the entire
system.
The most important player in the smart grid is probably the consumer, that can use the
electricity and at the same time can have its own generation to be feed into the grid. Hence,
metering devices are essential components in the smart grid, monitoring the consumer's behavior
and offering valuable information to the utilities and electric entities that will adapt the
generation to match the consumption in a seamless way.
The ZigBee standard is getting an increased adoption for the creation of cheap wireless
networks that will connect the smart grid devices with each other. Still, there are little or no
works that study the actual installation approaches, minimizing possible obstacles and decreasing
costs. This paper present new field tests that study the integration and installation of ZigBee
capable meters, offering at the same time several installation approaches.
Voice over ZigBee wireless sensor network applications

Abstract:
There are many application areas for wireless sensor networks, such as security, health,
and emergency. Recent research studies show that, voice over wireless sensor network
applications are possible especially for emergency and rescue missions. In this study, by using
6.3 kbps G.723.1 codec, voice over ZigBee wireless sensor networks experiments are made. The
results are examined based on packet loss and MOS voice quality metrics. It is shown that,
acceptable quality voice over ZigBee networks is possible in an indoor linear mesh topology
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wireless sensor network containing up to 4 hops, which are between 10-80 meters. In an outdoor
single hop network topology, ranging between 10-80 meters, acceptable voice quality is
observed up to 60 meters.
Migration from a legacy wireless technology to ZigBee for a

Home Automation market ready system
Abstract:
In the evolving Home Automation (HA) market, several wireless technologies compete
for a place in your home. Technology standards such as Bluetooth, ZigBee, 6LowPan,
WirelessHART and others offer hardware solutions to HA products manufacturers. The HA
industry faces now important choices and unknowns when migrating their legacy HA systems to
these new technologies. We migrated - for a Belgium manufacturer - a wireless window shutter
control system to a ZigBee HA system.
This paper presents the challenges encountered and experiences obtained during product
development, manufacturing, and deployment. Migrating an existing HA product to any
technology adds several design constraints to the development cycle of a product. Migrating to
ZigBee adds more constraints arising from the incompatibility of the ZigBee specification with
the HA manufacturer production, deployment, and marketing practices. Together, these
constraints are non-trivial and act as a barrier for the widespread adoption of ZigBee as the
standard for Home Automation.
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Research of Fire Detecting System Based on ZigBee Wireless

Network
Abstract:
This paper puts forward a strategy of intellectualized fire monitor based on ZigBee
transmission. In this system, a low power, multi-parameter composite fire detection node is used,
which can detect temperature, smoke concentration and CO gas concentration. The hardware and
software implementation are based on 2.4GHz wireless communication chip CC2430. ZigBee
protocol is adopted in the system to form reliable wireless communication. The system uses
fusion theory to handle the data in order to determine whether the fire occurs.
Structural Health Monitoring System of Gantry Crane

Based on ZigBee Technology
Abstract:
Gantry crane is primary handling device in portal work, and also may cause serious
accidences, so it is particularly important to monitor and assess the crane's structural health. By
taking the gantry crane as a research object, ZigBee wireless network and the components of the
structural health monitoring system based on ZigBee technology are introduced in this paper, and
the testing point position is determined by application of finite element analysis. The structural
health monitoring of the gantry crane is achieved.
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Abstract:

Abstract:
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Design issues in ZigBee-based sensor network for healthcare

applications
Abstract:
IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee sensor networks support small power consumption and node
expansion compared to other network standards for WSN. Body sensor networks (BSN) require
a number of sensors for sensing medical information from human body, and low power
consumption to monitor a patient's status for a long time. However, ZigBee has limited
bandwidth and is thus hard to support real time data transmission because of the adoption of
CSMA-CA as its medium access control (MAC) protocol.
In this paper, we will analyze the reasonable number of nodes, size of payload and packet
interval for best QoS for such network. It is found that an appropriate MAC parameters setting
can improve the QoS compared to the default setting in IEEE 802.15.4 specification. The
effective data rate, average end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio are found via simulation
for various network settings. The results are useful for the construction of ZigBee networks for
patient monitoring and care.
A design for wireless access control system based on ZigBee

Abstract:
ZigBee technology brings about the application of wireless communication and data
transformation technology in transformation system due to its low cost and low power
consumption. This paper presents a solution of access control system base on the ZigBee
technology under IEEE802.15.4 standards with the transformation system. The solution of
ZigBee is presented mainly adopting RF chip MC13192 with ATMega128, and its hardware
circuits and structure and working principle are given too. the proposed method is fit for wireless
transformation system for its flexibility, big capacity, extensibility and easily connecting to
network.
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Design of intelligent home appliance control system based on

ARM and ZigBee
Abstract:
This paper introduces the intelligent home appliance control system, the system is
developed through ARM microprocessor, embedded Linux operating system, ZigBee wireless
communication technology and network technology. It gives the overall framework of hardware
and software design, and describes ways to implement the system. User can control appliances
through hand-held mobile terminal.
Design of remote intelligent home system based on ZigBee

and GPRS technology
Abstract:
In this paper, based on ZigBee technology and GPRS a wireless remote and detecting
system for smart home is developed which realized the detecting of the home equipment and the
state of home environment. The system consists of the host control centre and several sub
function modules and software. The host control system includes MC39i module, CC2430
module and STC12C5410 MCU control center. The several sub function modules consists of the
data acquisition module and CC2430 modules.
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The design of ZigBee protocol based mobile node in wireless

sensor network
Abstract:
In order to overcome the defects of static wireless sensor network nodes, such as poor
adaptability, communication disruption, lack of dynamic networking and so on, a kind of
approach to design mobile wireless sensor node is proposed in this paper. Detail hardware
implementation and software design are also introduced. And then together with Laboratory
Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW), ZigBee mobile wireless sensor network
is built to verify the feasibility of the design.
ZigBee routing algorithm based on energy awareness and

energy balance
Abstract:
Aiming at the problems of traditional ZigBee tree routing algorithm that node energy
consumption is larger and faster because of heavy transmissions, an improved ZigBee tree
routing algorithm based on energy awareness and energy balance was proposed. The neighbor
table and energy balance strategy were introduced to make sure that the routing was locally
optimal by considering energy consumption. The simulation results show that the energy
consumption was reduced efficiently, node energy balance was achieved and the lifetime of node
in the network was extended in this improved algorithm.
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The study of ZigBee networking with wireless sensor

Abstract:
Introduces the ZigBee technology and its protocol stack in this paper. By using TI's
CC2430 to design the hardware of sensor network node, analyses on the principle and process of
ZigBee wireless sensor network building, builds a star network for temperature sensor, and
tracks each nodes through the serial port. Experiments prove that the network nodes working
state is stable.
Wireless underwater mobile robot system based on ZigBee

Abstract:
In this paper, a wireless underwater mobile robot system is designed in order to study the
behavior of Artemia group. A new idea has been presented for underwater mobile robot system
which is consists of two parts, first is the underwater mechanical robot and the second is ZigBee
wireless based mobile robot which controls and moves the first part. By this system different
patterns motion control (Linear, Circular, Zigzag, etc.) has been performed and proved the ability
to control group of robot by controlling the group of Artemia.
Efficient Group Key Management of ZigBee Network for

Home Automation
Abstract:
Traditional network requires group key and session key for sending the encrypted
message for specific group. If group member is changed, server needs to re-distribute the group
and session key. In ZigBee network, the network key can be used for group management. But it
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needs to be encrypted when it is distributed to nodes. In this paper, we propose the efficient
group key management with user authentication protocol in ZigBee network, especially for home
automation, which generates the group key with combination of entity's secret information. This
approach reduces re-distribution of keys with encryption and the storage area for saving the
group and session key.
Centralized Heart Rate Monitoring Telemetry System using

ZigBee WSN
Abstract:
Recent advances in wireless communication standards and medical monitoring system
have made it possible to effectively combine mesh networking with Non-Invasive medical
application which is Pulse Oximeter in order to create reliable, large-scale wireless Network.
This Mesh networking will enable doctors and nurses to observe and monitor a number of
patients simultaneously from one location without being with the patient's physically. This
project is mainly concerned about monitoring patient's condition simultaneously via Wireless
Mesh Network.
Wireless Mesh Network is a network that allows data transmitted to the node's nearest
neighbors and it can be easily maintained as each node are self configuring and self healing. Data
obtained from multiple pulse oximeters will be stored and processed using Arduino-Nano, then
transmitted to a centralized unit, where the information for multiple oximeter will be displayed
simultaneously. The efficiency of data transmission was monitored and verified. Mesh
networking for pulse oximeter had been successfully design to show the active pulse oximeter.
Besides, the data transmit and received by the XBee were accurate and it had been proved
through several observations.
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Design and Implementation of a Family Living Supporting

System Based on ZigBee
Abstract:
For enhancing the self-caring ability of senior citizen, releasing the pressure of the
warding people, a family living supporting system, which is very useful for the paralyzed
patients or some people with mobility difficulties, is proposed. It is composed of the wireless
transmitting unit, the speech recognition module and the network communication part.
A speech recognition processing algorithm is designed to get some command messages
from the user. The system not only uses these commands to control some household equipment,
but also sends some helping signals via wireless network or Internet. If the family members
aren't prompt to respond to these helping messages, these messages will be transmitted by
network communication part to the community service center for assistance immediately. It has
some advantages of low-cost, low-power, high-performance, easy-operation and so on. As a
result, it could be employed as a terminal of health-care of hospital or home.
A Wireless Surveillance and Safety System for Mine

Workers based on Zigbee
Abstract:
This paper addresses a cost-effective, flexible solution of underground mine workers'
safety. A module of MEMS based sensors are used for underground environment monitoring and
automating progression of measurement data through digital wireless communication technique
is proposed with high accuracy, smooth control and reliability. A microcontroller is used for
collecting data and making decision, based on which the mine worker is informed through alarm
as well as voice system. The voice system with both microphone and speaker, transforms into
digital signal and effectively communicate wirelessly with the ground control centre computer.
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ZigBee, based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard is used for this short distance transmission between
the hardware fitted with the mine worker and the ground control centre.
The Design of Network Coordinator Based on ZigBee and

GPRS Technology
Abstract:
Aiming at the designed defects of the traditional wireless network node, a kind of
designed scheme of wireless network coordinator based on ZigBee and GPRS technology are
proposed. The system uses LPC2119 as the core and uC / OS - II as operating platform. It
realizes the establishment and management of ZigBee network, the data communications
between ZigBee network and GPRS network. The system can be used for the need of remote
monitoring occasions.
Remote management and control system for LED based

plant factory using ZigBee and Internet
Abstract:
Recently, intelligent systems for agricultural production are being developed for safe and
low cost food production. Plant factory provide high yield by growing multiple crops and
making efficient use of land and resources. Plant growth is facilitated by maintaining humidity,
temperature, CO2 concentration and light intensity and these factors need to be monitored and
maintained for an automated system. In this paper, we have proposed a control system for a LED
based plant factory consisting of ZigBee wireless mesh network, and remote monitoring via
Internet. Field sensors are installed for monitoring environmental conditions and power metering
and ZigBee mesh network has been deployed for data acquisition from these sensors.
ZigBee nodes transfer the field data to the coordinator node which also serves as a
gateway node providing interoperability between TCP/IP network and ZigBee Wireless Sensor
Network (WSN). A major novelty of the system is the use of LED lighting instead of fluorescent
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lighting due to its low power consumption, long life and useful narrow band. LED lighting
system provides an efficient and economical lighting system that facilitates plant growth by
varying light intensity and frequency according to light conditions and growing requirements and
also helps in reducing production costs and speeding growth. Prototype of the proposed system
has been installed in a small part of greenhouse. Data acquisition and remote management of the
system has shown very satisfactory performance.
Bus Monitoring System Based On Zigbee And GPRS

Abstract:
Presently, public traffic system mainly depends on driver's manual operation, which will
inevitably encounter many problems such as punctuality of the bus's arrival on bus station. Paper
proposes an supervisory system based on GPRS and ZigBee technology, to improve the
operation efficiency of bus monitoring system and realize intelligent transportation system. Paper
introduces the bus monitoring system from the aspect of both hardware design and software
design. System takes it into accounts for the respective advantages and disadvantages of GPRS
and ZigBee, and designs a feasible solution successfully, of practically significant.
Parking spaces detection in indoor environments based on

Zigbee
Abstract:
This paper describes the study about parking spaces detection in indoor environments,
implementing a WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) based on Zigbee technology. Our study
focuses on the analysis of the received power when a vehicle is parked or not, by monitoring the
RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) field defined in the MAC layer as the IEEE 802.15.4
describes. We focus in the analysis of three factors: data processing time, the influence of
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distance in received power and the attenuation effect in the signal when propagates, which
determine the network topology to deploy and the validity of our location model.
Wireless Underwater Mobile Robot System Based on Zigbee

Abstract:
In this paper, a wireless underwater mobile robot system is designed in order to study the
behavior of Artemia group. A new idea has been presented for underwater mobile robot system
which is consists of two parts, first is the underwater mechanical robot and the second is ZigBee
wireless based mobile robot which controls and moves the first part. By this system different
patterns motion control (Linear, Circular, Zigzag, etc.) has been performed and proved the ability
to control group of robot by controlling the group of Artemia.
More Efficient Home Energy Management System Based on

ZigBee Communication and Infrared Remote Controls
Abstract:
This paper describes more efficient home energy management system to reduce power
consumption in home area. We consider the room easily controllable with an IR remote control
of a home device. The room has automatic standby power cut-off outlets, a light, and a ZigBee
hub. The ZigBee hub has an IR code learning function and educates the IR remote control signal
of a home device connected to the power outlet. Then the power outlets and the light in the room
can be controlled with an IR remote control. A typical automatic standby power cut-off outlet
has a waiting time before cutting off the electric power.
It consumes standby power during that time. To eliminate the waiting time, we turn off
the home device and the power outlet simultaneously with an IR remote control through the
ZigBee hub. This method actively reduces the standby power. The proposed HEMS provides
easy way to add, delete, and move home devices to other power outlets. When a home device is
moved to the different outlet, the energy information of the home device is kept consistently and
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seamlessly regardless of location change. The proposed architecture gives more efficient energysaving HEMS.
Zigbee Mac Wireless Network Implementation using a

Remote Virtual Interface
Abstract:
This paper presents an implementation of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Layer of ZigBee protocol
in order to monitor and control home appliances. This standard is applied to a communication
protocol with small data packets, low transmission rate, and low energy consumption. The paper
shows the development of a hardware and software prototype to monitor, control and configure
washing machines with a wireless network interface using a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant).
The results indicate the feasibility of building a household-electric network reaching the main
features described above, by implementing the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol.
Zigbee RF signal strength for indoor location sensing

Abstract:
This paper discusses about the variation of signal strength due to the presence of
obstacles in indoor environment. An experimental analysis of impact of various obstacles on
ZigBee RF signal strength has been done. The results obtained by the analysis have been used to
locate a user inside a smart home. The parameters like Received Signal Strength (RSSI), Link
Quality Indication (LQI) and Packet Error Rate (PER) have been measured and analyzed.
The location of the user is an important context, based on which various controls and
services can be rendered. The objective of finding out the location is to provide various services
and controls like location based luminance, personalized Heating Ventilation and Air
Conditioning (HVAC) control systems. It was observed that the location accuracy was improved
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when the number of reference nodes was increased. In future location accuracy will be improved
by combining ZigBee RSSI with GSM CellID and also by using better signal processing
algorithms.
Zigbee Based Energy Efficient Outdoor Lighting Control

System
Abstract:
This paper presents user-centric energy efficient lighting control architecture for street
lamps. The system utilizes ZigBee technology to implement wireless mesh network of street
lamps. The coordinator, serving as gateway between ZigBee nodes and internet, relays
information of interests to remote user. The proposed system comprises of LED lamps, gateway
node, and management software that offer remote monitoring and control of the lamps. Each
LED lamp is integrated with ZigBee node, sensors and the Controller module along with ballast
actuator. To realize effectiveness of proposed system, prototype has been installed inside
University.
Efficient Group Key Management of ZigBee Network for

Home Automation
Abstract:
Traditional network requires group key and session key for sending the encrypted
message for specific group. If group member is changed, server needs to re-distribute the group
and session key. In ZigBee network, the network key can be used for group management. But it
needs to be encrypted when it is distributed to nodes. In this paper, we propose the efficient
group key management with user authentication protocol in ZigBee network, especially for home
automation, which generates the group key with combination of entity's secret information. This
approach reduces re-distribution of keys with encryption and the storage area for saving the
group and session key.
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Design of Automatic Meter Reading based on Zigbee

Abstract:
This paper describes the study about Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) in indoor
environments, implementing a WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) based on Zigbee technology.
Automatic Meter Reading is used for remote collection of the utilities data. And these utilities
may means electricity, gas, water consumption data or any other. Our concentration will be on
Electricity power monitoring system which can monitor power quality, can remotely control
power service which will enable prepaid billing.
XBEE Wireless Sensor Networks for Heart Rate Monitoring

in Sport Training
Abstract:
Heart Rate Monitors (HRMs) have become widely used since the last two decades. It
used as training aid for various types of sports. And the development of new HRMs has evolved
rapidly. Thus, in order to determine the exercise intensity of training session or race, HRMs are
mainly used. Compared to the other indication of exercise intensity, Heart rate is easy to monitor,
compatible to use in most situation and relatively cheap.
Thus, it is most beneficial if wireless sensor network can be implementing into the
system. Other than monitored their condition by themselves, this system may allowed a number
of athletes being monitored simultaneously. Arduino-Nano board was used to interface with
nRF24AP1 and XBee. The wireless sensor network consists of a microcontroller on ArduinoNano board, nRF24AP1 and the XBee wireless communication module which is based on the
IEEE 802.15.4. This system will involve peer to peer communication of ANT+ and mesh
networking among the XBee.
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A size-reduced wearable antenna for Zigbee indoor

localization
Abstract:
In this paper, a size-reduced wearable microstrip patch antenna is presented. The antenna
is developed for a Zigbee platform for Child Indoor Localization purposes. It is to operate at 2.4
GHz, with a linearly polarized radiation. For the wearable antenna, a conductive textile was used,
namely Shieldit, and for the substrate layer, a 3.5 mm felt fabric was used. The multislotsloading technique was utilized, resulting in a 62% size reduction of the patch size compared to
the size of a regular rectangular patch antenna. The reduced size design achieved a fractional
bandwidth of 1.4%. Furthermore, investigations were conducted on different antenna bending
and the antenna's performance in proximity to human body.
Design of temperature monitoring system for red wine

fermentation based on ZigBee
Abstract:
In order to solve the complexity field wiring problems of traditional fermentation control
system, and achieve the effective monitoring about fermentation process parameter in the
wireless environment. This paper introduced a red wine fermentation process monitoring
technology based on ZigBee. First, analysis the principle of temperature monitoring system
based on ZigBee wireless network, then design the hardware structure and related software of
each node of the system.
Advanced a program of wireless temperature monitoring system based on ZigBee
technology. Specific uses CC2430 chip and so on, to achieve automatic detection and control of
the temperature about the red wine fermentation process. Research show that, the wireless
network control structure of ZigBee is simple, and the communication is flexible and convenient.
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It can reduce investment and human capital in red wine fermentation production, and to complete
revenue and optimization the fermentation process.
Neighbor-Information-Assisted Tree Routing for ZigBee

Networks
Abstract:
In ZigBee networks, the classical Tree Routing algorithm only utilizes the father-child
relationship between nodes to establish routes, thus the path usually may not be optimal, which
leads to some extra overhead. To address this problem, in this paper, we propose an improved
Tree Routing algorithm which utilizes the information of neighbors within two hops.
Concretely, our proposed algorithm allows nodes to use the distributed address
assignment mechanism (DAAM) to calculate their depth, and decide whether to adopt the
algorithm based on two hop neighbors or Tree Routing by the comparison of the overhead from
the next hop to destination node. Meanwhile, routing nodes broadcast beacon messages with
local neighbor information periodically, so a node can obtain the 2-hop neighbor information
easily. Simulation results show that our algorithm improves the success ratio of packet delivery,
and reduces 30% of the end to end delay, and at least 30% of the average number of hops
compared to the Tree Routing algorithm.
Family network automation system based on ZigBee

Abstract:
This paper firstly introduces the features of ZigBee wireless technology and its network
topology, analyzes the bottom protocol IEEE802.15.4 in detail, and designs different working
modes and sleeping/waking modes according to various industrial requirements. Secondly, it
designs hardware and software platform according to ZigBee and IEEE802.15.4 protocol.
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Finally, it realizes the whole system according to practical application of family network
automation system. This paper uses PWM to realize ZigBee wireless remote light control, and it
also provides a control platform for indoor air conditioning system and curtains opening and
closing system.
An Efficient Mobility Management Approach for IEEE

802.15.4/ZigBee Nodes
Abstract:
Mobility management in IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee networks is not efficiently handled. This
paper presents an enhanced approach for mobility management of end devices in IEEE
802.15.4/ZigBee cluster tree network related to a backbone network. This approach anticipates
link disruption and does not require scanning neighbor cells. It is based on the link quality
indicator (LQI) and uses a speculative algorithm. Using different mobility models and network
parameters, it is demonstrated that the energy consumption as well as the latency of mobile
devices can be significantly reduced.
Fire monitoring system design based on ZigBee wireless

network technology
Abstract:
This paper designs a new fire monitoring system. The hardware design of the system
includes the fire detection trigger module, the control module and the monitoring center module.
The fire detection trigger module transmittes the smoke and temperature parameters to the
control module through CC2430. The control module analyzes the information coming from the
detector and transmits the fire information to the monitoring center. The monitoring center
module is responsible for monitoring the whole operation condition of the system and making
decision. The software design of the system is mainly used to initialize the device and reveive or
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send the parameters or command. It is proved by the experiment that the system can realize the
fire detection and alarm.
Securing the ZigBee Protocol in the Smart Grid

Abstract:
The design-implement-fix process is sufficient for previously unknown attack vectors.
However, engineers should use established knowledge, such as known attack patterns, in the
analysis of security protocols prior to their acceptance and implementation.
An intelligent self-adjusting sensor for smart home services

based on ZigBee communications
Abstract:
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been becoming increasingly essential in recent
years because of their ability to manage real-time situational information for various novel
services. Recently, the scope of WSN technologies has been expanded to places such as the
home, in order to provide the residents with various intelligent services, such as home
automation services or home energy management services.
However, due to their architectural constraints, such as the trade-off between the
performance and cost, WSNs are not effectively implemented in home environments. Therefore,
this paper proposes a ZigBee-based intelligent self-adjusting sensor (ZiSAS) in order to address
these concerns. This paper presents a situation-based selfadjusting scheme, an event-based selfadjusting sensor network, and hardware and middleware implementation. We also introduce
some smart home services using the proposed system. We implemented our system in real test
bed and conducted an experiment. Our experiment shows that we reduce the system's energy
consumption.
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A performance study of ZigBee wireless sensors network

topologies for street lighting control systems
Abstract:
In order to reach a high performance level in a street lighting control system, two
important aspects must be taken into account: the selection of the adequate communication
protocol, on the one hand, and the selection of the network topology that supports the
architecture, on the other hand. Given these circumstances, the present paper focuses on an
assessment of the performance of the mesh and tree network topologies which, along with the
ZigBee communication protocol, can be implemented in a street lighting control architecture. As
a result of the simulations that have been conducted, the data reveals that the tree topology is
much more efficient than the mesh topology. This outcome arises from the analysis of the
throughput, of the end-to-end delay application and of the performed number of hops.
A ZigBee-based miner localization system

Abstract:
This paper introduces a new kind of mine personnel localization monitoring system. It is
a kind of wireless sensor network based on ZigBee wireless communication technology. The
system can fast achieve the miners' real-time and accurate localization information about where
the miners are underground mine tunnels and solve the positioning shortcomings of the
traditional system such as RFID. The system mainly contains the ground monitoring host,
industrial optical fiber Ethernet and underground mine wireless sensor network made up of
gateway, reference nodes acting as routers and moving localization nodes.
The underground miners are carried moving localization node sensor which is able to
communicate with the neighbourhood reference nodes. Through the received signal strength
indicator value (RSSI), the localization node takes advantage of its built-in location engine to
calculate its localization coordinate based on location algorithm, and then via ZigBee network
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and industrial optical fiber Ethernet, transfer the coordinate information to ground monitoring
host. Management personnel can monitor the localization of underground miners through the
host at any time, and also manage underground miner's attendance information as well as disaster
relief.
The research and implement of ZigBee technology for

builiding wireless voice network
Abstract:
Whereas most of the low security intercom equipment, signal instability, conflict-prone,
frequency of use license and other issues, the paper designs a voice intercom system which uses
ZigBee communication technology, which significantly improved the problems mentioned
above. The system terminal uses microcontroller MSP430F149 as microprocessor. Through the
use of CC2430 RF chip provided by TI and the application of ZigBee relevant technology, we
can achieve a variety of network topologies to meet the requirements of power and transmission
of WSN network.
BLUETOOTH BASED PROJECTS
Managing Bluetooth risks in the workplace

Abstract:
Bluetooth technology (BT) and the inherent security vulnerabilities it introduces into
business domains are often overlooked when security policies are developed. While
organizations spend the lion's share of their IT budgets on Intrusion Prevention/Detection
Systems (IPS/IDS) to protect their wired networks and Virtual Private Network (VPN)
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technology to secure wireless data in motion (DIM), Bluetooth security is often disregarded.
However, the International Data Corporation (IDC) projected that global Bluetooth short-wave
wire semiconductor revenue will triple from $1.7 billion in 2007, to $3.3 billion by 2012 [1].
After a brief history of Bluetooth technology, researchers will examine how Bluetooth works, its
vulnerabilities, and how these vulnerabilities can be exploited.
A Based BlueTooth Tourist Service Prototype

Abstract:
This project is a proposal, based on innovative Bluetooth Marketing Services, whose
main objective is to facilitate the dissemination of information via Bluetooth in touristcommercial sectors. This proposal is supported by the analysis, design and construction of a
software application resulting from the abstraction of previous analysis and design of a directorybased service.
Evaluation of Bluetooth Hands-Free profile for sensors

applications in smartphone platforms
Abstract:
Nowadays, the wide diffusion of smartphones has completely changed the interaction of
people with the surroundings. In fact these devices are equipped with a large number of sensors,
like GPS receiver, 3-axis accelerator, which can enrich the user experience, collecting data from
the external environment. Moreover, additional sensors can be used to enlarge the set of data
providing information usually not available in a smartphone, like biomedical data. Usually,
Bluetooth is used to connect external sensors to smartphone.
Several commercial solutions are already available on the market. Unfortunately,
different types of smartphone require the use of dedicated external sensors, due to the different
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Bluetooth data profile supported by the different Operative System (iOS, Android). In this paper
the Bluetooth Hands-Free profile has been evaluated to transmit sensor information to
smartphone, since it is the only profile supported both by Android as well as iOS devices. A
prototype of a photoplethysmographic sensor with Hands-Free interface has been realized and
interfaced to commercial smartphone, showing the feasibility of this approach.
Evaluation of Bluetooth technology as a sensor of urban

mobility
Abstract:
Bluetooth technology is more and more present in people lives. Cellphones,
smartphone's, PDA's, MP3 devices, laptops, tablets and more recently vehicles, are some
examples of devices where a Bluetooth interface is present. As these devices are always used or
carried by persons, we can study patterns of human mobility by analyzing the electromagnetic
signals produced by these devices, in this case by the Bluetooth interfaces. Among other options,
these studies can be realized through activities of Collaborative Sensing.
The Bluetooth technology is normally used in an environment that does not consider the
mobility of the devices. An example of this is when we exchange files between a smartphone and
a laptop, both devices are relatively close and motionless during the file exchange. In this paper
we evaluate the potential of the Bluetooth technology as a source of data for human mobility
analysis in dense urban environments with high mobility, such as a street in a city. For this, the
probability of detecting a Bluetooth device in a mobile environment has been estimated both
theoretically and experimentally. The achieved results show that Bluetooth is suitable for
activities of Collaborative Sensing.
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Research on Bluetooth expansion of communication based

on android system
Abstract:
Bluetooth is a low-cost, highly reliable short-range wireless communications technology,
and its standard is a complex system. Lack of processor resources makes the Bluetooth
communication appeared to be inadequate for simple control equipment equipping with low-end
processor. This paper presents a simple communication method between intelligent mobile
terminals and control equipment using Bluetooth serial adapter, and it is proved by experiments
that the Bluetooth communication method is reliable, simple and easy to implement quickly.
The design of Teaching System Based on Bluetooth

Abstract:
This article describes a Teaching System Based on Bluetooth. And it has a brief
introduction about the Bluetooth. The system consists of server terminal systems and client
terminal systems. The server terminal systems mainly include student situation, question
feedback, the test module, group discussions, data download module, which are controlled by
teachers; Client terminal systems mainly include login server-side, browse server resources,
answer questions, group discussions, submit the classroom or practice homework, evaluation of
teaching.
The system will be hoped to improve the limitations of traditional teaching and learning,
and has a breakthrough in mobile learning in real-time and interactive, and it is designed to
promote more effective teaching and learning, and provide new ideas for the classroom mobile
education.
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Verification of open platform board and bluetooth dongle

for wireless controlling binaural hearing aids
Abstract:
Recently, the development of binaural hearing aids are rapidly developing with the
improvement of wireless communication technology and integrated circuit design. The binaural
hearing aids manufacturers are developing control technology using the multimedia equipment
and smart-phone for its hearing aids control. In this paper, we designed and implemented the
hearing aids system that is combined open platform board and bluetooth dongle for development
of binaural hearing aids. And also, we implemented android based control GUI (graphical user
interface) for hearing aids volume and fitting parameters control. From the experiment results,
we verified open platform board and bluetooth dongle that was successfully controlled the
hearing aids system volume using smart-phone GUI.
Bluetooth security analysis for mobile phones

Abstract:
Mobile devices are becoming more and more omnipresent due to their lightweight, small
size and increasing performance. Almost every mobile device has Bluetooth (BT) capabilities
and this powerful combination widely used in our daily life is coming to new environments like
the car and the military industries. As any technology, BT has security issues that hackers have
extensively exploited over the years, while users seem not to care too much.
To raise the security awareness we present an analysis of BT attack methods and tools
over time. We paid particular attention to the severity, possible targets and the ability to persist
over new versions of BT. Results show that adversaries can take complete control of the victims'
mobile device features if they forget to use simple safety measures like turning off the BT when
not in use. To increase security we also propose the development of a novel BT Firewall.
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Exploiting Bluetooth on Android mobile devices for home

security application
Abstract:
Mobile devices have been integrated into our everyday life. Consequently, home
automation and security are becoming increasingly prominent features on mobile devices. In this
paper, we have developed a security system that interfaces with an Android mobile device. The
mobile device and security system communicate via Bluetooth because a short-range-only
communications system was desired. The mobile application can be loaded onto any compatible
device, and once loaded, interface with the security system.
Commands to lock, unlock, or check the status of the door to which the security system is
installed can be sent quickly from the mobile device via a simple, easy to use GUI. The security
system then acts on these commands, taking the appropriate action and sending a confirmation
back to the mobile device. The security system can also tell the user if the door is open. The door
also incorporates a traditional lock and key interface in case the user loses the mobile device.
Voice over IP via Bluetooth/Wi-Fi Peer to Peer

Abstract:
The concept of voice transferring from one mobile to another mobile using Bluetooth/
WIFI connectivity is discussed in this paper. Bluetooth is the connection which can be used as a
link to share data among devices within a Personal Area Network. Now-a-days mobile phones
come with Bluetooth facilities. Wi-Fi is a WLAN standard which is used to share data over the
transmission range larger than Bluetooth. Wi-Fi can also be used to share the voice from one
mobile to another by receiving the data from one mobile (user) and sending the data to the
destination user.
The basic concept behind this data transferring is VOIP (voice over protocol).Voice
telephony over mobile is currently supported at a cost using service provider such as GSM, or
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using IP service provider at cheaper cost. The purpose of this research is to design and
implement a telephony program that uses WIFI in p2p (Peer-to-Peer) or WLAN (Wireless Local
Area Network) as a means of communication between mobile phones at no cost. The system will
allow users to search for other individuals within WIFI range and to establish free p2p voice
connections, or to establish virtual connection through Access Points (AP), as well as giving the
option to user to use GSM in the case of no WIFI connectivity is available. A novel algorithm is
introduced to convert mobile number into IP address and use it as a mean for contacting other
mobile over p2p or AP using WIFI technology.
Study on application of bluetooth tecnologies in CNC system

Abstract:
Because of complex in digital manufaturing, person's actions in workshop digital
manufaturing are very important, so CNC system and manufaturing mode must be adptive to
situation in workshop. In this paper, we put forward a new method used in CNC system about
wireless communication technologies.
Two kinds of wireless communication techologies including Wi-Fi and bluetooth, we put
emphasis on bluetooth wireless commnication technology. There are lots of problems about
development of bluetooth wireless commnication CNC control system, the idea of developing
the Windows CE-based Open-architecture CNC system is proposed in This paper. We must
focus on real time control of CNC system about blue wireless comminication, so we analyze the
system architecture and its real time performance about wireless communication, and application
about bluetooth wireless communication in a Windows CE.NET-based software architecture of
this system is also presented. Finally the developing plan of blue wireless communication is
discussed emphatically.
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Intelligent Event Management with Bluetooth Sensor

Networks
Abstract:
This paper outlines the potential use of Bluetooth tracking of mobile devices in an urban
environment for an intelligent and adaptive management of large-scale events. The used
methodology is explained in detail, and its information potential is demonstrated through results
that were gathered and processed offline. Additionally, a near-future project where the
methodology will also generate real-time information is outlined, together with the system
architecture necessary for this aim.
Indoor person localization system through RSSI Bluetooth

fingerprinting
Abstract:
The growth of wireless and mobile communications technologies offers new possibilities
for context driven information systems. Specifically, nowadays, mobile phones are equipped
with several radio-frequency technologies, like Global System for Mobile Communications
(GSM),WiFi or Bluetooth. In this way, the idea of using them to create a location system arises.
Typical location algorithms can extract relevant information about Radio Frequency (RF) signals
and estimate the position of the device. In this paper, we present a study of Bluetooth signal as
source of information in one of these location systems.
We analyze its capabilities and we create a set of algorithms to transform Bluetooth data
in order to improve the location process. The system consists of N nodes connected to a cable
network disposed in a scenario divided in cells, where each of them is composed of a thin client
PC with a Bluetooth device and a directional antenna. It works by inquiring the Received Signal
Strength Indicators (RSSI) values of all the visible Bluetooth devices. Employing a
fingerprinting technique, it determines the most probable grid cell for each device.
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Remote monitoring system of ECG and temperature signals

using Bluetooth
Abstract:
This paper presents a remote monitoring system for electrocardiographic and temperature
signals. The system consists of a hardware module for acquisition, a Bluetooth transmission
module and a displaying module (PC or mobile device). Information is sent via IP (GPRS or WiFi) to a database server containing clinical data, which can be accessed through a web
application. The system was assessed by testing different patients with the support of a medical
doctor, obtaining a positive performance.
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) based mobile

electrocardiogram monitoring system
Abstract:
A wireless electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring system is developed which integrates
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology. This BLE-based system is comprised of a single-chip
ECG signal acquisition module, a Bluetooth module and a smart-phone. Apple's iPhone 4S is
selected as the mobile device platform, which embedded with Bluetooth v4.0, Wi-Fi and iOS. In
this paper, the monitoring system is able to acquire ECG signals through 2-lead
electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor, transmit the ECG data via the Bluetooth wireless link, process
and display the ECG waveform in a smart-phone. The results show that implementation of
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology in the existing ECG monitoring system not only
eliminates the physical constraints imposed by hard-wired link but also highly reduces the power
consumption of the long-term monitoring system.
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Research and design of chatting room system based on

Android Bluetooth
Abstract:
Bluetooth provides a low-power and low-cost wireless connection among mobile devices
and their accessories, which is an open standard for implementing a short-range wireless
communication. Bluetooth is integrated into Android which is a mainstream smart phone
platform as a mean of mobile communication. Android has attracted a large number of
developers because of its character of open sourcing and powerful application AP I. This article
takes designing a Bluetooth chat room for example to research Bluetooth and its architecture of
android platform and introduce the process of realizing the Bluetooth communication in detail.
Then we design and implement a chat room based on Bluetooth by using APIs of Android
platform. At last, a further prospect of the function of this system was made.
A bluetooth-based architecture for android communication

with an articulated robot
Abstract:
In industrial robotic environments, there are many different robots performing a variety
of tasks. Each robot is controlled by its own teach pendant or via a networked socket application.
However, to monitor the status or make minor changes to the programming of the robot, the user
must obtain access to the teach pendant or terminal. In an effort to eliminate this need, this paper
introduces an android platform that communicates with robots over a Bluetooth connection.
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A practical smart metering using combination of power line

communication (PLC) and WiFi protocols
Abstract:
Recently, smart metering has attracted much attention. Electricity distribution utilities are
rapidly replacing traditional mechanical meters with so called smart meters. to provide a suitable
smart metering system, variety of communication protocols have been proposed. Power-line
communication (PLC) is a cost effective and secure communication protocol and does not
require a separate communication line. In this paper a practical smart metering approach using
combination of PLC and WiFi protocols is presented. The proposed approach can be used for
both type of automatic meter reading (AMR) and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI).
WiFi electronic nose for indoor air monitoring

Abstract:
Several indoor chemical contaminants such as CO and NO2 are highly toxic. Inhalation of
CO or NO2 as low as ppm level may cause respiratory distress or failure. Therefore, detection of
indoor air is very important in the industrial, medical, and environmental applications. In this
paper, a new electronic nose (E-nose) architecture has been proposed for the real-time
quantification and qualification of indoor air contaminations.
The metal oxide TGS gas sensors were used as the sensing part. The principal
component analysis (PCA) method and a set of mathematical model were employed in data
analysis. By combining with the proposed mathematical model, this E-nose can estimate the
amount of CO gas contaminations in air at ppm levels. Moreover, the PCA results can clearly
show a classification between two different rooms.
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Localization and tracking of moving targets with WiFibased passive radar

Abstract:
This paper investigates the possibility of obtaining localization and tracking of moving
targets by exploiting a passive radar system based on WiFi transmissions. Specifically, the
exploitation of multiple passive sensors is considered which allows to collect a set of
range/Doppler/DoA measures for a given target when observed at different bistatic geometries.
Different target localization strategies are investigated based on proper subsets of the available
measures. Experimental results are shown which have been obtained by means of a passive radar
prototype developed and fielded at the DIET Dept. - Sapienza University of Rome. This will
contribute to demonstrate the fruitful application of the passive radar concept for short range
surveillance.
A two-tier integrated RFID/sensor network with a WiFi

WLAN
Abstract:
We investigate the coexistence of Wi-Fi (WLAN) and RFID/sensor networks that use
IEEE 802.15.4 standard in the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) frequency band. To
minimize the interference between the networks, a time scheduling scheme is combined with a
sleeping scheme for RFID tags/sensors to further reduce the collision rate and energy
consumption. We evaluate the performance of our solution under two different scenarios using
discrete event simulation.
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WiBee: Building WiFi radio map with ZigBee sensor

networks
Abstract:
Exploiting the increasing ubiquitous deployment of sensor networks, the paper presents a
system called WiBee that utilizes ZigBee sensors to build real-time WiFi radio maps. The design
of WiBee is motivated by the observation that a ZigBee radio can sense WiFi frame
transmissions although it cannot decode WiFi frames. A sensor passively listens on the wireless
channel and estimates the RSS of a WiFi AP at its location. The design of WiBee faces three
unique challenges. First, multiple APs may transmit frames concurrently and frame collisions
may happen. Second, because of severe resource constraints, a sensor cannot sample the channel
at arbitrarily high frequency and hence some frame transmissions may not be sampled.
Third, sensor nodes are usually not time synchronized and the on-board clock is
inaccurate. To address these challenges, we propose a novel gateway-assisted approach to
estimating WiFi RSS values at ZigBee sensors. A light-weight algorithm is designed for
identifying the RSS values corresponding to a given AP. It searches the sequence of ZigBee RSS
samples for an AP signature sequence. An optimization technique is proposed to address issues
of clock drift and time asynchronization. Our extensive experiments on a testbed show that
WiBee can achieve low estimation error, short delay and small computation overhead.
Development of Geographical Location Estimation System

for WiFi Users in Campus
Abstract:
We have developed a geographical location estimation system for WiFi user in campus to
help network administration. We use WiFi radio wave to estimate users'location. The system
measures strength of radio wave between WiFi access point and a user's PC. We have developed
and implemented calculation formulas. The system calculates distance between the pair for the
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estimation. Then the system shows the estimated user's geographical location on the campus map
via Web browser. A network administrator may know users' geographical location easily to use
this system.
WeFiLab: A Web-based WiFi Laboratory Platform for

Wireless Networking Education
Abstract:
Remote access to physical laboratories for education has been received significant
attention from both researchers and educators as it provides access at reduced cost in sharing
manner of real devices and gives students practical training. With the rapid growing of wireless
technologies, it has been become an essential of learning to have the hand-on experience on
wireless networking for the proliferated number of students in engineering. Some of current
implementations for wireless networking are either using simulations, which lose the reality, or
too complicated for undergraduate students to control experiments. In this paper, we present a
practical online laboratory platform, Web-based WiFi Laboratory (WeFiLab). WeFiLab mainly
focuses on providing students hand-on experience of doing experiments on real devices through
webpage anytime anywhere.
It uses the structure of two-level operations, which facilities increasing the scale of
wireless devices and allows WeFiLab to be extended to more complicated operations. The
schedule schemes of WeFiLab let more students share and make efficient use of wireless
devices. A prototype of WeFiLab has been implemented and used successfully as complements
for an undergraduate course for two years in a university. Totally 315 computer science students
attended the evaluation.
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A WiFi based smart wireless sensor network for monitoring

an agricultural environment
Abstract:
This paper reports the design and development of a smart wireless sensor network (WSN)
for an agricultural environment. Monitoring agricultural environments for various factors such as
temperature and humidity along with other factors can be of significance. The ability to
document and detail changes in parameters of interest has become increasingly valuable.
Investigations were performed for a remote monitoring system using WiFi, where the wireless
sensor nodes are based on WSN802G modules. These nodes send data wirelessly to a central
server, which collects the data, stores it and allows it to be analyzed and displayed as needed.
GSM BASED PROJECTS

CellSense: An Accurate Energy-Efficient GSM Positioning
System
Abstract:
Context-aware applications have been gaining huge interest in the last few years. With
cell phones becoming ubiquitous computing devices, cell phone localization has become an
important research problem. In this paper, we present CellSense, which is a probabilistic
received signal strength indicator (RSSI)-based fingerprinting location determination system for
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) phones. We discuss the challenges of
implementing a probabilistic fingerprinting localization technique in GSM networks and present
the details of the CellSense system and how it addresses these challenges.
We then extend the proposed system using a hybrid technique that combines probabilistic
and deterministic estimations to achieve both high accuracy and low computational overhead.
Moreover, the accuracy of the hybrid technique is robust to changes in its parameter values. To
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evaluate our proposed system, we implemented CellSense on Android-based phones. Results

from two different testbeds, representing urban and rural environments, for three different
cellular providers show that CellSense provides at least 108.57% enhancement in accuracy in
rural areas and at least 89.03% in urban areas compared with current state-of-the-art RSSI-based
GSM localization systems.
In additional, the proposed hybrid technique provides more than 6 and 5.4 times
reduction in computational requirements compared with state-of-the-art RSSI-based GSM
localization systems for rural and urban testbeds, respectively. We also evaluate the effect of
changing the different system parameters on the accuracy-complexity tradeoff and how the cell
tower and fingerprint densities affect system performance.
Development of a GPS_INS System for Precision GPS

Guided Bombs
Abstract:
Herein, we presented the design result of the GAK GPS/INS system. The navigation
system has dual-coupled methods due to the installation configuration of the GAK. Before the
GGB jettison, GGB is navigated in loosely-coupled GPS/INS navigation, while a tightly-coupled
GPS/INS navigation is used after jettison. We also described the test methods to evaluate the
navigation performance. With fourteen monitoring parameters related to the navigation Kalman
filter and PDU, we determined the status of loosely-coupled GPS/INS navigation systems before
the GGB jettison. After jettison, we proved that the navigation system met the performance
requirement using the DGPS post-process method.
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Map-Aided Integrity Monitoring of a Land Vehicle

Navigation System
Abstract:
The concept of user-level integrity monitoring has been successfully applied to air
transport navigation systems, where the main focus is on the errors associated with the Global
Positioning System (GPS)-data-processing chain. Little research effort has been devoted to the
study of integrity monitoring for the case of land vehicle navigation systems. The primary
difference is that it is also necessary to consider errors associated with a spatial map and a mapmatching (MM) process when monitoring the integrity of a land vehicle navigation system.
This is because these two components play a vital role in land vehicle navigation. To
date, research has focused on either the integrity of raw positioning data obtained from GPS or
the integrity of the MM process and digital map errors. In this paper, these sources of error are
simultaneously considered. Therefore, the main contribution of this paper is to report the
development of a user-level integrity-monitoring system that concurrently takes into account all
the potential error sources associated with a navigation system and considers the operational
environment to further improve performance. Errors associated with a spatial road map are given
special attention.
Two knowledge-based fuzzy inference systems were developed to measure the integrity
scale. The performance of the integrity method was assessed using field data collected in
Nottingham and London, U.K. The results indicate that the integrity method provides valid
warnings 98.2% and 99.4% of the time for positioning data in a mixed operational environment
in Nottingham and suburban areas of London, respectively.
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Real-Time Vision-Aided Localization and Navigation Based

on Three-View Geometry
Abstract:
A new method for vision-aided navigation based on three-view geometry is presented.
The main goal of the proposed method is to provide position estimation in GPS-denied
environments for vehicles equipped with a standard inertial navigation system (INS) and a single
camera only, without using any a priori information. Images taken along the trajectory are stored
and associated with partial navigation data. By using sets of three overlapping images and the
concomitant navigation data, constraints relating the motion between the time instances of the
three images are developed.
These constraints include, in addition to the well-known epipolar constraints, a new
constraint related to the three-view geometry of a general scene. The scale ambiguity, inherent to
pure computer vision-based motion estimation techniques, is resolved by utilizing the navigation
data attached to each image. The developed constraints are fused with an INS using an implicit
extended Kalman filter. The new method reduces position errors in all axes to the levels present
while the first two images were captured. Navigation errors in other parameters are also reduced,
including velocity errors in all axes. Reduced computational resources are required compared
with bundle adjustment and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). The proposed
method was experimentally validated using real navigation and imagery data. A statistical study
based on simulated navigation and synthetic images is presented as well.
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Sensitivity Analysis of a Tightly-Coupled GPS/INS System

for Autonomous Navigation
Abstract:
The work presented here empirically analyzes the design of the tightly-coupled position,
velocity, and attitude estimator used as a feedback signal for autonomous navigation in a large
scale robot driving in urban settings. The estimator fuses GNSS/INS signals in an extended
square root information filter (ESRIF), a numerically-robust implementation of an extended
Kalman filter (EKF), and was used as the basis for Cornell University's 2007 DARPA Urban
Challenge robot, "Skynet." A statistical sensitivity analysis is conducted on Skynet's estimator by
examining the changes in its behavior as critical design elements are removed.
The effects of five design elements are considered: map aiding via computer vision
algorithms, inclusion of differential corrections, filter integrity monitoring, Wide Area
Augmentation System (WAAS) augmentation, and inclusion of carrier phases; the effects of
extensive signal blackouts are also considered. Metrics of comparison include the statistical
differences between the full solution and variant; the Kullback-Leibler divergence; and the
average and standard deviation of the position errors, attitude errors, and filter update
discontinuities.
Test bed For Combination of Local Sensing with Geolocation Database In Real Environments
Abstract:
This article describes an experimental testbed that combines wireless microphone sensors
with a web-based terrestrial digital video broadcasting geolocation database and a program
making and special events spectrumbooking platform. Software defined radio and Internet
technologies are the enabling tools in use. The key sensing techniques are identified and
implemented. Test trials in a real scenario have shown that the platform was able to receive
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information from a DVB-T geolocation database and a PMSE spectrum-booking platform,

updating the list of vacant channels with blind sensing techniques. The proposed method has
shown capabilities to protect primary users of interferences from secondary users of the
spectrum.
Tightly Coupled GPSI/INS Airborne Navigation System

Abstract:
The developed test bench of tightly coupled GPS/INS integrated navigation system for an
airborne vehicle was analyzed herein. From the obtained result, the performance of developed
integrated navigation and workflow of the scheme is found correct. Particular attention was
focused on the ability of the navigation filter to identify and remove the IMU errors. Along the
UAV trajectory the performance of integrated navigation is found to be consistent. Velocity
corrections exhibited to be somewhat inefficient, however in the medium accuracy IMU and
low-grade GPS, the measurement did not permit the desired level of accuracy. Future work for
solving the above-mentioned problems to further improve the performance of integrated
navigation is required.
Verity: An Ambient Assisted Living Platform

Abstract:
A new and innovative system intended for the monitoring of the elderly and those
requiring passive care is developed, with a wrist-wearable wireless sensor node and a mobile
platform to form a remotely accessible body area network. The system utilises a state-of-the art
SoC (System on Chip), using an ultra-low power sensor interface and RF communication.
Ambient/skin temperatures, accelerations and heart rate of the wearer are measured for real-time
monitoring.
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Due to the high dimension and nonlinearity of the collected sensor data, a classifier with
a dimension reduction technique is proposed for robust behaviour identification of a wearer.
Experiments verify that the proposed classifier outperforms the conventional classifiers in its
one-pass training and with higher distinguishing capability. The device functions unobtrusively,
whilst giving the user peace of mind in the knowledge that their safety is being monitored.
Remote energy monitoring, profiling and control through

GSM network
Abstract:
This paper presents design and development of a GSM based energy monitoring,
profiling and control system. Our system integrates digital energy meters installed at consumer
unit with an electric supply company's energy monitoring system. Single phase or three phase
digital electric meter can be used with indigenously developed add on transmission module,
which takes the meter reading and utilizes the GSM network to transmit the energy usage
reading using Short Message Service (SMS) back to the energy supplier.
At the supplier end, an energy monitoring system is used to manage all received meter
readings, compute the billing cost, update the database and maintain an energy consumption
profile for each user. Various alerts and control can also be generated by the supplier. A simple,
cost effective and reliable working prototype of complete system has been developed using
digital energy meter manufactured by MicroTech Limited, Pakistan to demonstrate an efficient
and transparent means of automatic meter reading, billing and notification through the use of
GSM network.
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An Embedded Interface for GSM Based Car Security

System
Abstract:
GSM based security system are much more stout then an ordinary security system. The
ordinary systems are simply based on the concept of sensors. They sound an alarm on detecting
movement. This system of technology has now lost its appeal as it has become a common
sighting in metros where these alarms go off unnecessarily. We proposed with GSM techniques
and a better decision making process is built to make our vehicle more secure. It is a unique
wireless home/car security device that gives instant alerts on your mobile phone the moment a
security breach is detected. It is designed to alert you wirelessly through a call burglar alarm
system intercepts an intrusion. proposed an 8 bit embedded controller inter model. The control
mechanism is based on DTMF tones generated by mobile phone when the number keys are
pressed.
Vehicle Positioning Using GSM and Cascade-Connected

ANN Structures
Abstract:
Procuring location information for intelligent transportation systems is a popular topic
among researchers. This paper investigates the vehicle location algorithm based on the received
signal strength (RSS) from available Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)
networks. The performances of positioning models, which consisted of cascade-connected (C-C)
artificial neural network (ANN) multilayer feedforward structures employing the spacepartitioning principle, are compared with the single-ANN multilayer feedforward model in terms
of accuracy, the number of subspaces, and other positioning relevant parameters. C-C ANN
structures make use of the fact that a vehicle can be found only in a subspace of the entire
environment (roads) to improve the positioning accuracy.
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The best-performing C-C ANN structure achieved an average error of 26 m and a

median error of less than 5 m, which is accurate enough for most of the vehicle location services.
Using the same RSS database obtained by measurements, it was shown that the proposed model
outperforms $khbox{NN}$ and extended Kalman filter (EKF)-trained ANN positioning
algorithms. Moreover, the presented ANN structures replace not only the positioning algorithms
but the overloaded map-matching process as well.
The Reader Design of Intelligent Community Management

on RFID and GSM
Abstract:
To solve the problem that temporary users enter community need managers to record
information and that increases their workload. We design a reader system combine radio
frequency identification (RFID) and global system of mobile communication (GSM). Using
GSM technology could prevent theft of the automobile and is convenient for the visitors to enter.
This design can not only give the managers better management but also bring more benefits for
people.
Automatic Measurement and Reporting System of Water

Quality Based on GSM
Abstract:
The traditional method of water quality testing is to collect samples manually and then
send them to laboratory for analysis. However, it has been unable to meet the demands of water
quality monitoring today. So a set of automatic measurement and reporting system of water
quality has been developed. The system consists of multiple sensors of water quality testing,
single-chip microcontroller data acquisition module, information transmission module,
monitoring center and other accessories.
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Various parameters of water quality are automatically detected under the control of single
chip micro controller all day. The single chip gets the data, and then processes and analyzes
them. After that, the data are instantaneously sent to monitoring center by GSM network in the
form of SMS. If the water quality is abnormal, the data will be sent to monitoring center and
management's mobile in the same way at the same time. It is convenient for management to take
corresponding measures timely and be able to detect real-time situation of water quality
remotely. The system has realized the automation of water quality monitoring, intelligence of
data analyzing and networking of information transferring. It is characterized by advantages of
shortcut, accuracy and using manpower and material resources sparingly. The system has
widespread application value and can be extended and transplanted to other fields of automatic
monitoring where needed.
Accident detection and reporting system using GPS, GPRS

and GSM technology
Abstract:
Speed is one of the basic reasons for vehicle accident. Many lives could have been saved
if emergency service could get accident information and reach in time. Nowadays, GPS has
become an integral part of a vehicle system. This paper proposes to utilize the capability of a
GPS receiver to monitor speed of a vehicle and detect accident basing on monitored speed and
send accident location to an Alert Service Center. The GPS will monitor speed of a vehicle and
compare with the previous speed in every second through a Microcontroller Unit. Whenever the
speed will be below the specified speed, it will assume that an accident has occurred. The system
will then send the accident location acquired from the GPS along with the time and the speed by
utilizing the GSM network. This will help to reach the rescue service in time and save the
valuable human life.
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Analysis and implementation of a wireless sensor network

with remote access through SMS
Abstract:
The use of wireless sensor networks for monitoring physical and chemical parameters in
large regions far from populations allows for real-time monitoring with high levels of spatial
resolution. This paper presents WubiNet, a wireless network designed for monitoring large
regions. Depending on the available infrastructures, the network can be operating for two years
using only batteries, or its coordinator can be powered by solar cells to guarantee the
transmission of the collected data by SMS using GSM/GPRS technology or satellite phones. The
data are transmitted to a base station located out of the range of the node transceivers, where can
be represented and analyzed.
Design of concealed alarm system based on GSM

Abstract:
Considering the characteristics of banks and other financial institutions, this paper aims at
reforming conventional alarm system by the concealed GSM monitor and wireless alarm system,
meanwhile, SMS and voice alarm can be send out by multi-regional remote control FM network.
On receiving the alarm, the monitoring center can achieve real-time on-site monitoring, thus
provide more efficient information for the incident handling.
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Luxus SMS controller for android based smart phones

Abstract:
In the last two decades, mobile phones have evolved and have become smarter /
intelligent devices commonly known as smart phones. In 2005, Google entered into the mobile
market with the help of an open source operating system for smart phones called Android
Application development for Android OS is greatly increasing because it is open-source and
development toolkit is free. In this paper, we have proposed Luxus SMS Controller (LSC) which
is an Android Based Application developed on Android Honeycomb 3.2. LSC is all in one SMS
manager and includes some previous features with advancements as well as some new and
exciting Features like Group chat etc.
The proposed application has been tested on different scenarios and experimental results
shows that the proposed application is effective both in terms of efficiency and time.
Research on Web-Based SMS Application

Abstract:
In this paper, the implementation of Web-based short message application is discussed.
The application is suitable for the enterprises that demand short message function in the B/S
management system. Deploying the application to Tomcat Web server, we can send and receive
short messages. The application can provide short message service, so have a good prospect.
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Android application for sending SMS messages with speech

recognition interface
Abstract:
Voice SMS is an application developed in this work that allows a user to record and
convert spoken messages into SMS text message. User can send messages to the entered phone
number or the number of contact from the phonebook. Speech recognition is done via the
Internet, connecting to Google's server.
The application is adapted to input messages in English. Used tools are Android SDK and
the installation is done on mobile phone with Android operating system. In this article we will
give basic features of the speech recognition and used algorithm. Speech recognition for Voice
SMS uses a technique based on hidden Markov models (HMM - Hidden Markov Model). It is
currently the most successful and most flexible approach to speech recognition.
Multifunction GPS embedded wrist device for runners

Abstract:
In this paper we represent a wearable wrist device for runners that is equipped with a
GPS chip and programmable features. While running, the device would offer velocity, distance
and time measurements at a glance. A button to begin and end a tagged area would also be
available so that runners could mark particular parts of their run over which they wish to improve
their time. The primary components of the proposed wrist device are as follows: a Microchip
dsPIC 33FJ128MC802, a Sparkfun 128128 pixel color LCD, and the LS20031 GPS chip, also
available through Sparkfun. However, these components will be reviewed again and replaced
with more suitable ones later.
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Study on active steering control of vehicle for safe driving in

highway with GPS information
Abstract:
In recent days, vehicles have become equipped with electric system that assist and help
drivers driving safe in highway. Lane Departure Warning and Lane Keeping Assistant System
are one of those safe system. Sudden and inattentive lateral motion of vehicle due to drivers'
fatigue, illness, inattention, and drowsiness are major causes of accidents in highway. In order to
prevent and minimize any possible accidents due to lateral motion of vehicle, active steering
control system is designed and simulated in this study. Activation and warning areas are defined
for the control system with respect to the location of vehicle and parameters for vehicle
dynamics. The current location of vehicle is obtained by Differential Global Positioning System
(DGPS) and it can detect DGPS-based lanes then determine whether activates or not.
The Digital Profiling Techniques Applied to the Analysis of a

GPS Navigation Device
Abstract:
The development of modern technology has led to an evolution in the role of satellite
navigation devices that are being transformed into real ``digital diaries'' of those who use them.
The software that nowadays is implemented in such devices offers a high level of customization,
allowing to store a large amount of data that contains lots of information on user habits.
The techniques of Digital Profiling, applied to data stored in a satellite navigation system
and in particular on GPS navigators, allow to obtain a range of information that may be useful in
conducting an investigation. Those information are, for example, the routes, the favorites, the
starting point, and, in more advanced models, the dates of trips, travel times, etc. Such evidence
may lead to the delineation of the behavioral profiles of users who have used it. This paper
presents the application of Digital Profiling techniques to data taken from a GPS car navigation
system.
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Design and implementation of embedded GPS system

Abstract:
The development of embedded intelligent device facilitates the application of the GPS
system. In order to avoid performing conversion between different coordinate systems, a kind of
GPS system is proposed based on free software by directly using WGS84 coordinate system and
Mecator projection. In the GPS system, ARM-Linux operating system is configured on S3C2410
embedded development board, the electronic map of Zhengzhou city in TAB format is parsed
using Mitab software package. Furthermore, through MiniGUI graphical user interface, various
functions such as map viewing, map zooming and roaming can be realized. Through positioning
tests, it is showed that the GPS system has reduced the positioning error, and is thus applicable to
many platforms including various palmtop devices, smart phones and so on.
Application of RFID and GPS Technology in Transportation

Vehicles Monitoring System for Dangerous Goods
Abstract:
The security of transportation becomes extremely significant with the demanding for road
transport of dangerous goods in recent years. It is urgent for China to build a control system with
the technology of information management for dangerous goods. A real-time vehicles
monitoring system for dangerous goods by using of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and
Global Positioning System (GPS) technology is put forward in this paper, which includes the
functions of data acquisition in real time, positioning, tracking and monitoring in transportation.
At last, it is approved that the comprehensive system expressed in this paper is really with the
advantage of accuracy and reliability. It is a fundamental solution to the safety issues of
dangerous goods logistics, and further to achieve scientific management..
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Wireless Local Area Network Assisted GPS in Seamless

Positioning
Abstract:
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is a new information access platform which can
be used to achieve positioning, monitoring and tracking in wide area. Self-positioned of the
network node is the basis and prerequisite for most applications, although the current popular
WiFi positioning technology is a position solution for WLAN series standard (IEEE802.11). In
this paper, based on the principle of satellite navigation and positioning with wireless sensor
networks, the new method of combining GPS and WiFi networks is put forward to achieve
seamless positioning and navigation. And the potential problems of existed technology are
conducted in-depth discussion by summing up the seamlessly, current location and navigation
technology, as well as analyzing existed problems and trends. Finally, the WiFi network assisted
GPS positioning algorithm is analyzed in detail.
Study and realization of Vehicle Guidance System based on

GIS and GPS
Abstract:
Vehicle guidance system (VGS) is one of important contents of intelligent transportation
system (ITS). However, in many developing countries, VGS is backward. To heighten level of
VGS of China, the composition of VGS, the functions of subsystems were studied, and critical
technologies, such as geographic information system (GIS), global positioning system (GPS),
were applied into the systems. In order to reduce storage space of road network, the storage
mode is improved by adjacent node relation matrix and adjacent node weight matrix. The
classical shortest path algorithm, Dijkstra algorithm, was optimized with dynamic adjacent node
relation matrix and dynamic adjacent node weight matrix, which enhance the efficiency of
calculation for shortest path, and the specific algorithm is presented. The studied VGS based on
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GIS, GPS, and other technologies was realized. Preliminary application of the VGS show the
system can exactly position vehicle, real-timely display running track of vehicle, effectively
calculate shortest path, rightly guide diver driving and so on.
Development of a GPS/INS system for precision GPS guided

bombs
Abstract:
Herein, we presented the design result of the GAK GPS/INS system. The navigation
system has dual-coupled methods due to the installation configuration of the GAK. Before the
GGB jettison, GGB is navigated in loosely-coupled GPS/INS navigation, while a tightly-coupled
GPS/INS navigation is used after jettison. We also described the test methods to evaluate the
navigation performance. With fourteen monitoring parameters related to the navigation Kalman
filter and PDU, we determined the status of loosely-coupled GPS/INS navigation systems before
the GGB jettison. After jettison, we proved that the navigation system met the performance
requirement using the DGPS post-process method.
Wireless black box using MEMS accelerometer and GPS

tracking for accidental monitoring of vehicles
Abstract:
In this work, wireless black box using MEMS accelerometer and GPS tracking system is
developed for accidental monitoring. The system consists of cooperative components of an
accelerometer, microcontroller unit, GPS device and GSM module. In the event of accident, this
wireless device will send mobile phone short massage indicating the position of vehicle by GPS
system to family member, emergency medical service (EMS) and nearest hospital. The threshold
algorithm and speed of motorcycle are used to determine fall or accident in real-time. The system
is compact and easy to install under rider seat. The system has been tested in real world
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applications using bicycles. The test results show that it can detect linear fall, non-linear fall and
normal ride with high accuracy.
Front Sensor and GPS-Based Lateral Control of Automated

Vehicles
Abstract:
This work proposes an automated steering control system for passenger cars. Feasibility
of a control strategy based on a front sensor and a Global Positioning System (GPS) has been
evaluated using computer simulations. First, the steering angles can be estimated by using the
driving data provided by the front sensor and GPS. Second, the road curvature estimator for realtime situation is designed based on its relationship with the steering angle. Third, accurate and
real-time estimation of the vehicle's lateral displacements with respect to the road is
accomplished. Finally, a closed-loop controller is used to control the lateral dynamics of the
vehicle. The proposed estimation and control algorithms are validated by computer simulation
results. They show that this lateral steering control system achieves good and robust performance
for vehicles to follow a reference path.
Design of the automatic acquisition system based on GPS

Abstract:
In the communication system especially the free-space optical communication, the
pointing direction adjustment system is strongly required because of the strongly transmission
directionality of communication signals. Based on the GPS technology, the automatic acquisition
system, with the control core of TMS320F2812, is established, and the horizontal and elevate
reference angle are separately detected by magnetic field sensors KMZ51 and 3-axis acceleration
sensor ADXL345. The acquisition principle for GPS and software flow chart is discussed in this
paper. Finally, the experiment proved that this acquisition system could finish preconcerted
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function, and if it is equipped with wireless transmission, the system can be directly applied in
the initial acquisition for free-space optical communication.
Android suburban railway ticketing with GPS as ticket

checker
Abstract:
One of the biggest challenges in the current ticketing facility is QUEUE in buying our
suburban railway tickets. In this fast growing world of technology we still stand in the queue or
buy with oyster & octopus cards for our suburban tickets, which is more frustrating at times to
stand in the queue or if we forget our cards. This paper Android Suburban Railway (ASR)
ticketing is mainly to buy the suburban tickets which is the most challenging when compared to
booking the long journey tickets through `M-ticket' which fails with suburban(local travel)
tickets. Our ASR ticket can be bought with just a smart phone application, where you can carry
your suburban railway tickets in your smart phone as a QR (Quick Response) code. It uses the
smart phones GPS facility to validate and delete your ticket automatically after a specific
interval of time once the user reaches the destination. User's ticket information is stored in a
CLOUD database for security purpose which is missing in the present suburban system. Also the
ticket checker is provided with a checker application to search for the user's ticket with the ticket
number in the cloud database for checking purposes.
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A GPS/compass based train integrated positioning method

for high-speed railways
Abstract:
Accurate and real-time positioning is an important part of train control, which is crucial
for safety assurance of high speed railway in China. For GPS based train positioning scheme, the
signal unavailability and signal interference could not be completely solved with current
configuration mode. In this paper, from the safety requirements of train positioning in high-speed
railways, based on the consideration of signal availability and fault-tolerant performance, an
integrated train positioning system is formed by integration of GPS and Compass. The structure
and function of the integrated system are given, and the nonlinear filter solution for information
fusion is presented, which is compared to traditional Kalman filter based strategies. An HTLbased integrity monitoring method is presented to enhance fault tolerant ability. Results from
experiments and simulations demonstrate the integrated positioning method could meet the
precision requirement with effective integrity characteristics, and keep its potential for efficiency
and safety in various environments.
Bus Monitoring System Based on ZigBee and GPRS

Abstract:
Presently, public traffic system mainly depends on driver's manual operation, which will
inevitably encounter many problems such as punctuality of the bus's arrival on bus station. Paper
proposes an supervisory system based on GPRS and ZigBee technology, to improve the
operation efficiency of bus monitoring system and realize intelligent transportation system. Paper
introduces the bus monitoring system from the aspect of both hardware design and software
design. System takes it into accounts for the respective advantages and disadvantages of GPRS
and ZigBee, and designs a feasible solution successfully, of practically significant.
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Research on power quality monitoring system based on DSP

and GPRS
Abstract:
In this paper the research is based on DSP and GPRS of electric power quality
monitoring system : the TI company high-speed DSP chip on TMS320F2812 is used for data
processing, analysis and storage; a high-speed GPRS communication module G24 produced by
the MOTOROLA company is used for remote wireless data communication, andRS232 serial
communication is used to achieve data information communication between upper monitor.
TMS320F2812 digital signal processing chip is taken as the core in this paper, the mutual
inductor is used to collect the grid signal, then the resistance to aliasing filter circuit composed of
four order infinite gain low pass filter circuit is used to filter the collected signals, after filtering,
the signals are sent to conversion chip AD7656 for module transformation; also by using phase
lock times frequency characteristics of the circuit, a synchronous sampling signal is sent to A/D
conversion chip, and makes the measured signal sampling signal and synchronization effect.
Through the AD7656 the output signal, and the output signal can be received and digital signal
processor (DSP) analyzed with.
Design and realization of remote-control terminal based on

GPRS
Abstract:
To guarantee unmanned machinery rooms work normally and safely and promote
maintenance lever, the paper presents the remote-control terminal based on General Packet
Radio Service(GPRS). The remote-control terminal can monitor temperature, humidity, fire,
water leaching and burglar etc, and alarm the maintainer the accident/abnormal behavior.
Especially, the remote-control terminal can control the air conditioner automatically without
hardware changing of the air conditioner. The terminal can work with monitoring center to setup
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up a powerful monitor system. With the using of the terminal, the machinery rooms can be
monitored and controlled in anywhere at anytime on any device. It makes the machinery rooms
maintenance become easy and efficient.
The Design of Network Coordinator Based on ZigBee and

GPRS Technology
Abstract:
Aiming at the designed defects of the traditional wireless network node, a kind of
designed scheme of wireless network coordinator based on ZigBee and GPRS technology are
proposed. The system uses LPC2119 as the core and uC / OS - II as operating platform. It
realizes the establishment and management of ZigBee network, the data communications
between ZigBee network and GPRS network. The system can be used for the need of remote
monitoring occasions.
Application of GPRS/CDMA wireless communication

technology in rainfall gathering system
Abstract:
Means of communication commonly used in industry are compared in this paper.
Communication structure based on GPRS and CDMA is established. And communication
protocols of GPRS and CDMA-based products are selected. This paper aims to simulate the data
communication structure and compile the communication program. Application of wireless data
services in rainfall gathering system, which is based on GPRS/CDMA wireless communication
technology, is introduced in this paper.
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Design of remote intelligent home system based on ZigBee

and GPRS technology
Abstract:
In this paper, based on ZigBee technology and GPRS a wireless remote and detecting
system for smart home is developed which realized the detecting of the home equipment and the
state of home environment. The system consists of the host control centre and several sub
function modules and software. The host control system includes MC39i module, CC2430
module and STC12C5410 MCU control center. The several sub function modules consists of the
data acquisition module and CC2430 modules.
The Design and Implementation of Remote Real Time

Monitor System for Embedded Devices Based on GPRS
Abstract:
We develop a remote monitoring system on environmental quality of Heihe river basin.
The system consists of client and server, client is responsible for collecting data. We use multithread approach to develop server software, realizing online monitoring of sensor device, data
management and log management and so on. Server uses Socket programming to communicate
with client, the system has been running on the server.
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The Real-Time Monitoring Network of High Voltage Circuit

Breaker Based on GPRS Transmission Technology
Abstract:
High voltage circuit breaker is a key component to guarantee the safe and stable
operation of the high pressure transmission system, building a high-speed, bi-directional, realtime, integrated monitoring network is the first step towards intelligent power grid and has an
important meaning. This paper presents a new wireless real-time monitoring networks based on
GPRS, in which high voltage circuit breaker implement on-site and on-line monitoring and fault
diagnosis, using existing GPRS transmission technology to realize real-time acquisition and
wireless transmission in data. Introduce detailed the design of monitoring network and terminal
module; arrange reasonably coordination relation between lots of functional modules to ensure
data processing accuracy, rapidity, sharing. In the remote monitoring center platform at anytime
anywhere can be real-time monitoring and control for each circuit breaker and display related
data waveform.
A family medical monitoring system based on embedded

uC/OS-II and GPRS
Abstract:
As a new medical technique, the family medical monitoring system is being paid more
and more attention to. In this paper, we propose a design and implementation method of the
family medical monitoring system based on embedded uC/OS-II and General Packet Radio
Service (GPRS). The family medical monitoring system implements the acquisition of the
physiological parameters such as blood pressure(BP), blood oxygen(SpO2), respiration,
electrocardiogram(ECG) etc, and sends the real time data to the mobile phone or workstation of
the doctors through the GPRS network. This paper also describes the whole system including the
data acquisition modules of physiological parameters, GPRS module and the uC/OS-II operating
system. Experiments show that the family medical monitoring system performs satisfactorily and
has good prospects for practical application in the future.
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A Wireless Data Collection System Using PIC16F877 and

GPRS
Abstract:
This paper introduces a data collection system that uses wireless communication
components PIC16F877 and GPRS to transfer and capture the data remotely. The key data
collection terminal is insisted by a micro controller named PIC16F877 which is responsible for
controlling several parts such as LED screen, MC39i working in GPRS as well as various data
operating modules. MC39i is responsible for sending the captured data to information processing
center via GPRS network. This system is significant for the industry control under remote
situations such as real-time supervision with certain distance so as to avoid harmful substance.
Integrated water resource projects planning using GIS

Abstract:
Integrated water resources planning is a systematic approach for the sustainable
development and allocation of water resource. The present study has been carried out in the Beda
River basin of Madhya Pradesh, which is a sub basin of Narmada River. In this study water
resource project development has been suggested in an integrated way in order to facilitate
development of the region in economic but resourceful way using ArcGIS software. Different
alternative plans have been suggested for the study area, clubbed with different parameters. This
finding suggests that water resources development will have to be planned for a hydrological unit
such as drainage basin as a whole or for a sub-basin. The result of the integrated water resource
plan indicates that the optimum utilization of available water in the basin area with the projected
increase in urbanization and associated increase in domestic water demand with increase in
irrigation water demand.
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Traffic Information Management and Promulgating System

Based on GIS
Abstract:
Traffic information is difficult to manage because of the characteristic of the huge
amount of data, space, timeliness, and difficulties to describe. It is inconvenient for the traffic
managers and travelers to understand and access the traffic information only depending on the
form of promulgating by text or picture. So, the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is
introduced in the traffic management and promulgating system because of the traffic information
urgently need by the current information society. The framework of the overall structure, main
functions, database design, and system design in traffic information management and
promulgating system based on GIS are discussed. The system can be convenient and efficient to
extract and display the spatial information and attribute information of various sections of the
road or traffic facilities. As well as through processing and analyzing traffic status information
and traffic accident information, the road traffic incidents are to be early detected, early
identified, early decided and early promulgate. So this system can be convenient for travelers and
traffic managers to make decision.
Research and Development of Mobile Forestry GIS Based on

Intelligent Terminal
Abstract:
This paper mainly introduces the solution and implementation of Mobile Forestry GIS
based on intelligent terminal equipment. This system adopts Data-Dictionary ideas to improve
the reusability, versatility and extensibility of Forestry-GIS applications;By building data model
and optimizing algorithm for the mobile environment to achieve the complex topological spatial
graphics editing, and it's an effective solution to the problems,such as the displaying accuracy,
editing efficiency and system stability.
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A RS/GIS-Based Systen for Weed Disasters

Abstract:
This system essentially implements the information from RS and GIS associated with
weed disaster modeling, and increases precision of weed disaster modeling by the information
representing physical and logical fusion objects subject to weed disaster monitoring. This work
focuses on the system architecture model and related design issues, including area and type
estimation of weed disaster, whereas we use the model as a tool of data fusion to avoid the
parameter estimation problems in complex environments.
Research of real-time agriculture information collection

system base on mobile GIS
Abstract:
Accurate and reliable agricultural information is the basis of the implementation of digital
agriculture. Currently, the processing of agricultural information collection and data acquisition
is more complex. It urgently needs to develop a portable agricultural information collection
system with high degree integration and a wide range of versatility. It can process information in
"one-stop" service. It can capture the GPS coordinates of the farmland, the agricultural attribute
data, image information, and sent to the monitoring system immediately using 3G network or
GPRS network. In this paper, The system supports android and IOS system mobile phones, the
Widgets technology and http communicationis technology is be used to develop a real-time
agricultural information collection system, which is based on cross-platform mobile GIS.
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ANDROID BASED PROJECTS

Self-positioning system for indoor navigation on mobile
phones
Abstract:
This paper presents a positioning system for indoor navigation which can run
independently on a mobile phone by using only its basic equipped sensors such as a camera and
a compass. The system outperforms existing mobile phone positioning methods by reducing the
error of position estimation to around 0.7 meters.
A system for mobile assisted living

Abstract:
In this paper, a system is presented which supports mobile assisted living by combining
the advantages of smart sensors, GPS and GSM technology. The system can detect abnormal
situations with the person wearing the wearable part of the system (e.g. abnormal heart rate) and
send this information to the nursing home so that appropriate action can be taken immediately.
The information sent by the system to the nursing home includes the current location of the
person on the earth in the form of longitude and latitude.
This location information is what makes the system support mobile assisted living. The
hardware of the system includes Atmega microcontroller, GTPA010 GPS module, SIM300 GSM
module, some sensors (e.g. heart rate sensor, temperature and door sensors) and some other
components. The system software is developed in C language on CVAVR platform.
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Design and implement of 3G mobile police system

Abstract:
Existing police information system can not meet the mobility, urgency, emergency
characteristics of public security industry. Based on the analysis of data processing and Google
maps, this paper deals with the design and implement of 3G mobile police system. The system is
developed on Android phone mobile development platform and uses mvc+dao design pattern.
The system provides the functions, including information search, information collection, file
upload, GPS location. Also the combination of client-side programming and server-side
programming techniques is used and analyzed.
Android city tour guide system based on Web se

Abstract:
The combination of the smart phone and the Internet service is the trend of the future
information development and software applications. Mobile phones are the most commonly used
communication tools. Using mobile phones to obtain information is not only quick, but also
more convenient shortcut to improve people's lives. In the paper, we propose the software
development architecture based on Web services.
This framework introduces the three-layer architecture of Web development into mobile
phone software development. Based on the three-layer architecture, the android based city tour
guide system is developed. The android based city guide system can realize to query information
for hotel, scenery, restaurant, traffic and so on. The android based city guide system has more
practical significance.
Mobile: 98422 38186, 90806 58586

Design and implementation of Android phone based group

communication and navigation system
Abstract:
With the rapid development of mobile Internet technology and the widespread use of
smart phones, more and more attentions have paid on network access and interactive applications
through mobile phones. Android becomes the most favorite smart phone by the people and
programmers because of its open-source, easy to use and biggest global market share and has
broad prospects for development. This article describes the design and implementation of
Android mobile operating system based group communication and navigation system. The
system provides a friendly group communication platform between friends in order to timely
communicate and a real-time positioning, navigation and path planning capabilities with the help
of GPS.
Real-time indoor surveillance based on smart-phone and

mobile robot
Abstract:
The purpose of this study is to integrate image processing techniques, fuzzy theory,
wireless communications, and smartphone to a wheeled mobile robot (WMR) for real-time
object recognition, tracking and indoor surveillance. Image processing and fuzzy control
algorithms are coded by C# language. Zigbee is utilized to transmit command signals between
webcam, WMR, and computer. The WMR uses webcam to capture its surroundings.
Classification of color features is based on Hue-Saturation-Value (HSV) color space.
The WMR calculates the relative position of the target object through image processing
and distance computation algorithms. Fuzzy system is applied to servo motor of the WMR and
robot controller design. The WMR is applied to surveillance usage, it can be controlled remotely
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by a smartphone via WIFI and perform indoor patrol and monitor its surroundings. The home
site conditions can be clearly seen on the smartphone. Experiments show that the proposed
control design and system integration of the wheeled mobile robot works well in indoor real-time
surveillance.
Research and design of chatting room system based on

Android Bluetooth
Abstract:
Bluetooth provides a low-power and low-cost wireless connection among mobile devices
and their accessories, which is an open standard for implementing a short-range wireless
communication. Bluetooth is integrated into Android which is a mainstream smart phone
platform as a mean of mobile communication. Android has attracted a large number of
developers because of its character of open sourcing and powerful application AP I.
This article takes designing a Bluetooth chat room for example to research Bluetooth and
its architecture of android platform and introduce the process of realizing the Bluetooth
communication in detail. Then we design and implement a chat room based on Bluetooth by
using APIs of Android platform. At last, a further prospect of the function of this system was
made.
Design and Implementation of High Security Mobile

Payment System
Abstract:
Secure mobile payment is the most important link for a mobile phone to realize full
payment. At the present stage, there are many researches about security of mobile information in
the country. Those researches are mainly based on Windows Mobile, BREW or software of
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J2ME, and limited to specific areas. On the aspect of the hardware cryptograph, they focus on
the security of computer information.
There is no mature product in the mobile area basing on hardware cryptograph.
Considering this situation, we refer to and compare varieties of the present payment patterns,
using the JMX micro-core service as the bus structure, introducing safe technologies to design
starting from the hardware unit to get security module independently. In this way, we realize the
security, completeness, confidentiality, authenticity and non-repudiation of the data of mobile
payment.
Cell Phone Based Remote Early Detection of Respiratory

Disorders for Rural Children Using Modified Stethoscope
Abstract:
This work embodies the development of simple and robust technique for early detection
of respiratory disorders in the children living in the rural areas of resource poor countries like
India by acquisition of the lung sound recorded by cell phone based modified stethoscope by
local health worker. The recorded file is transmitted along with case history to email address of
health care center volunteer. The analysis of received lung sound file is done at health care
centre.
The analysis involves extraction of Mel frequency cepstral coefficients of lung sound.
The coefficients and their statistical parameters are passed on to neural network for detection.
The network was tested for 40 subjects containing equal mix of normal and bronchitis cases. The
method detects the disease with an accuracy of 90% and with specificity of 95%. The overall
accuracy of this method is 92.5%. The report (lung sound, analysis results and case history) is
checked by medical practitioner at health-care centre on daily basis and necessary subscription is
sent to designated rural local health care worker. Samsung cell phone model Galaxy Y was used
for implementation. This work has great significance for evolving solutions towards rural health
care of undeveloped and developing countries.
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Design and Implementation of Improved Authentication

System for Android Smartphone Users
Abstract:
The devices most often used for IT services are changing from PCs and laptops to smart
phones and tablets. These devices need to be small for increased portability. These technologies
are convenient, but as the devices start to contain increasing amounts of important personal
information, better security is required. Security systems are rapidly being developed, as well as
solutions such as remote control systems. However, even with these solutions, major problems
could still result after a mobile device is lost. In this thesis, we present our upgraded Lock Screen
system, which is able to support authentication for the user's convenience and provide a good
security system for smart phones. We also suggest an upgraded authentication system for
Android smart phones.
Voice communication through the internet for mobile

devices
Abstract:
We developed an application to transmit voice through the Internet for communication of
mobile devices in real time. It is explained the way of configuring a server and the clients
(mobile terminals) for voice transmission over IP. The server is in charge of the system
administration and the establishment and control of the proper connections to the clients. The
clients are provided with the necessary programs to interact with the server. This application
enhances the functionality of mobile devices without an extra cost of the service.
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Integrated online localization and navigation for people with

visual impairments using smart phones
Abstract:
Indoor localization and navigation systems for individuals with visual impairments (VI)
typically rely upon extensive augmentation of the physical space or heavy, expensive sensors;
thus, few systems have been adopted. This work describes a system able to guide people with VI
through buildings using inexpensive sensors, such as accelerometers, which are available in
portable devices like smart phones. The method takes advantage of feedback from the human
user, who confirms the presence of landmarks.
The system calculates the user's location in real time and uses it to provide audio
instructions on how to reach the desired destination. Previous work suggested that the accuracy
of the approach depended on the type of directions and the availability of an appropriate
transition model for the user. A critical parameter for the transition model is the user's step
length. The current work investigates different schemes for automatically computing the user's
step length and reducing the dependency of the approach to the definition of an accurate
transition model. Furthermore, the direction provision method is able to use the localization
estimate and adapt to failed executions of paths by the users.
Experiments are presented that evaluate the accuracy of the overall integrated system,
which is executed online on a smart phone. Both people with visual impairments, as well as
blindfolded sighted people, participated in the experiments. The experiments included paths
along multiple floors, that required the use of stairs and elevators.
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Design of Remote Data Acquisition System Based on 3G

Abstract:
Data acquisition plays an important role in the field of modern industry control. In many
cases, remote data should be transferred to monitor center which is far away from the
manufacturing field. Traditional data acquisition system by means of wires could not satisfy the
requirements. With the rapid development of embedded system, wireless communication
technology and 3G technology, the remote data acquisition system which is based on embedded
systems platforms and depend on 3G as wireless data transmit terminals, will be used widely on
industry.
This paper presents a new data acquisition and analyzing system based on 3G technology.
In addition, this paper also expresses that the system based on 3G has many more advantages
than that based on GPRS technology. ARM embedded processor and SIM308 are used as the
hardware platform in this project. The result of the experiment shows that the system works well
to data acquisition and wireless transferring based on 3G, and has a reference value for remote
diagnosis, remote monitoring and control.
Luxus SMS controller for android based smart phones

Abstract:
In the last two decades, mobile phones have evolved and have become smarter /
intelligent devices commonly known as smart phones. In 2005, Google entered into the mobile
market with the help of an open source operating system for smart phones called Android
Application development for Android OS is greatly increasing because it is open-source and
development toolkit is free. In this paper, we have proposed Luxus SMS Controller (LSC) which
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is an Android Based Application developed on Android Honeycomb 3.2. LSC is all in one SMS
manager and includes some previous features with advancements as well as some new and
exciting Features like Group chat etc. The proposed application has been tested on different
scenarios and experimental results shows that the proposed application is effective both in terms
of efficiency and time.
Mobile sensor data collector using Android smartphone

Abstract:
In this paper, we present a system using an Android smartphone that collects, displays
sensor data on the screen and streams to the central server simultaneously. Bluetooth and
wireless Internet connections are used for data transmissions among the devices. Also, using
Near Field Communication (NFC) technology, we have constructed a more efficient and
convenient mechanism to achieve an automatic Bluetooth connection and application execution.
This system is beneficial on body sensor networks (BSN) developed for medical healthcare
applications.
For
demonstration
purposes,
an
accelerometer,
temperature
sensor
and
electrocardiography (ECG) signal data are used to perform the experiments. Raw sensor data are
interpreted to either graphical or text notations to be presented on the smartphone and the central
server. Furthermore, a Java-based central server application is used to demonstrate
communication with the Android system for data storage and analysis.
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Portable heart rate detector based on

photoplethysmography with android programmable devices
Abstract:
In this paper, a miniature portable heart rate detector system is implemented by modern
hardware ICs and simple sensor circuit with software executable on Android platform. The
biosignal is first extracted via photoplethysmography (PPG) principle into electric signal. Then a
microprocessor is used to covert biosignal from analog to digital format, suitably for feeding into
an RF module (nRF24L01 for RF transmission). On the receiver end, the computer and/or smart
phone can analyse the data and display the heart rate status for health care monitoring. The
housing for portable devices and PCB is tailored made by using the new 3-D printer with
ergonomic design.
Initial prototype size is 40 30 20 mm3 and could be smaller in later version. Some
application software running on Window application and Android phone have been developed to
display result for users. In the future, pure Bluetooth technology will be used for wireless
personal communications instead of RF modules. At the same time, the data can be sent to
computer console using existing available networks (3G, 4G, WiFi, etc.) for health database
logging purpose.
Design and Implementation of an Intelligent Information

Integration System Based on Android Mobile Terminals
Abstract:
The development of mobile terminals, 3G and networks, has brought strong momentum
and broad prospects to the development of applications based on mobile internet [1][2][3]. On
the other hand, users hope to get the information they want at anytime, anywhere through mobile
devices rather than relying on a PC. This paper puts forwards an e intelligent information
integration system based on Android mobile devices. Using middleware technology [4][5], web
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service technology [6] and lightweight XML parsing technology, the system takes individual
needs of customers as the center, setting up a "digital application of Mobile Box" for each user,
providing users with a variety of mobile multimedia applications and service that meet personal
needs. The intelligent information integration system has been realized on the Android platform,
and runs well providing intelligent space for users' personalized service.
A Proposal of a Mobile Payment System Based on Android

Abstract:
This paper aims at presenting an architectural model proposal for a novel Mobile
Payment System, called 4iPay. This work considers the following premises: independence of
device, location, carrier and cardholder to meet the needs of executing payment transactions in
ubiquitous commerce. Our proposal considers the convergence of concepts of ubiquity, unity,
universality and unison to form the proposed model. This article describes the model,
implementation, preliminary assessments and requirements for mobile payment in ubiquitous
environments. We developed a prototype of 4iPay using Android smart phones. The prototype
was evaluated in three different scenarios.
A bluetooth-based architecture for android communication

with an articulated robot
Abstract:
In industrial robotic environments, there are many different robots performing a variety
of tasks. Each robot is controlled by its own teach pendant or via a networked socket application.
However, to monitor the status or make minor changes to the programming of the robot, the user
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must obtain access to the teach pendant or terminal. In an effort to eliminate this need, this paper
introduces an android platform that communicates with robots over a Bluetooth connection.
Android application for sending SMS messages with speech

recognition interface
Abstract:
Voice SMS is an application developed in this work that allows a user to record and
convert spoken messages into SMS text message. User can send messages to the entered phone
number or the number of contact from the phonebook. Speech recognition is done via the
Internet, connecting to Google's server. The application is adapted to input messages in English.
Used tools are Android SDK and the installation is done on mobile phone with Android
operating system. In this article we will give basic features of the speech recognition and used
algorithm. Speech recognition for Voice SMS uses a technique based on hidden Markov models
(HMM - Hidden Markov Model). It is currently the most successful and most flexible approach
to speech recognition.
E-FallD: A fall detection system using android-based

smartphone
Abstract:
With the rapid growth of the population of the elderly in the world, many countries in the
world have been in the aging society. Falls are a major public health concern and one of the
greatest obstacles to independent living for elder adults in terms of social services. In this paper,
we present a fall detection system derived from some motion sensor via an android-based smart
phone in which we utilize adaptive threshold algorithm for fall detection. Furthermore, we
implement this system called E-FallD on the HTC G8 mobile phone. As demonstrated by the
experimental results, E-FallD has a good detection performance and it is an efficient and smart
Mobile: 98422 38186, 90806 58586
application. In the mean time, using adaptive threshold algorithm could increase sensitivity
dramatically. In a word ,our system provides a realizable, effective and portal solution to fall
detection for users.
Android city tour guide system based on Web service

Abstract:
The combination of the smart phone and the Internet service is the trend of the future
information development and software applications. Mobile phones are the most commonly used
communication tools. Using mobile phones to obtain information is not only quick, but also
more convenient shortcut to improve people's lives. In the paper, we propose the software
development architecture based on Web services. This framework introduces the three-layer
architecture of Web development into mobile phone software development. Based on the threelayer architecture, the android based city tour guide system is developed. The android based city
guide system can realize to query information for hotel, scenery, restaurant, traffic and so on.
The android based city guide system has more practical significance.
Implementation of cuff-less continuous blood pressure

measurement system based on Android
Abstract:
Blood pressure (BP), the pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood
vessels, is an important physiological parameter and can provide some information for personal
healthcare. There are two ways to measure blood pressure of human being, invasive and
noninvasive methods. Invasive method can measure BP continuously and accurately, however, it
is inconvenient to operate and may cause infection. Although traditional noninvasive methods
such as Korotkoff and Oscillometric are easy to obtain BP value, they all need a cuff and not
very convenient.
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Therefore, in this paper, we implement a cuff-less continuous blood pressure monitoring

device, which is consisted of two acquisition nodes and an Android smart-phone. The data can
be transmitted by a Bluetooth module in the system. The pulse transit time (PTT) can be
obtained by using the ECG and pulse wave signals, which were synchronously acquired by our
designed system, for estimating blood pressure. Our proposed method can be used for nonconstrained and continuous blood pressure monitoring.
Development and evaluation of walking path estimation

system using sensors of Android device and vector map
matching
Abstract:
In this paper, we propose a new system for estimating walking paths, and people's indoor
location (e.g., a floor or a room where user is staying) for life-logging. Our proposed system
utilizes an acceleration sensor and an orientation sensor of an Android device, and the map
matching with the preplotted vector map. Particularly emphasized new techniques in this paper
are methods to estimate locations where walking directions are changed, to specify whether an
elevator is used to move to another floor, and to estimate the walking path with the vector map
matching. Through the experiment and evaluation, we have clarified that the proposed method
has successfully estimated a walking path with accuracy of more than 80[%] in all routes, and
92[%] if an elevator is not included.
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The development and application of sensor based on

Android
Abstract:
This article presents the 3D maze game of gravity which employs the OpenGL ES
rendering engine to make it possible. It introduces the development and application of the builtin sensor of mobile phone on Android platform, the whole process of developing Android
applications with Eclipse. The purpose of this research is to show the availability of the built-in
sensors of the mobile phone based on Android.
Developing an Android based learning application for

mobile devices
Abstract:
This paper is about the development of MLEA, a platform that assists, through Android
cellphones and tablets, the mobility of users of learning virtual environments. MLEA is an
application that implements computational techniques such as web services, design patterns,
ontologies, and mobile computational techniques in order to allow the communication between
mobile devices and the content management system - Moodle. It's based on a service oriented,
client server architecture that combines the REST protocol and JSON format for data
interchange. The client will be provided with features for alerts, file downloads, chats and
forums, grade books, quizzes, and calendar, among others.
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A lightweight middleware for an e-health WSN based system

using Android technology
Abstract:
With the rapid development of Wireless Sensors Network (WSN) technology, together
with its growing market due to the variety of applications in which this technology can be used,
sensors are now available at very cheap prices, and relatively high quality. The medical field
among other fields is one of the most promising fields in which sensors technology is undergoing
great improvements. With the constant and continuing advances on the wireless sensor networks
and applications, lots of medical applications that use sensors are emerging.
Varying from pre-hospital, in-hospital applications to post-hospital and rehabilitation
applications, sensors are used in a wide range of applications such as patient's drug
administration to elderly remote supervision. With the lake of standardization, a framework that
would govern the interaction between the applications and the network is a must to be capable of
sensing, processing, and communicating vital health signs. In this research we proposed layered
approach architecture for a lightweight portable middleware with the Android technology. Our
system takes into consideration the design principles and issues related to medical applications.
A prototype of the lightweight middleware for an e-Health WSN based System was designed and
tested and we showed that the results are very promising.
Remote blood pressure monitoring using a pulse diagnostic

system in TCM and Androidbased Tablet PC
Abstract:
It has become popular to combine both Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and
Western medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of patients since such an approach can be
noninvasive and allows for the individualized diagnosis and treatment. One method of diagnosis
used in Chinese medicine is pulse taking, which involves the same fundamental principals
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measuring blood pressure by tonometry in Western medicine. The accuracy of blood pressure
measurements using tonometry is lower than the accuracy achieved using an electric monometer.
Therefore in this study, a multiple regression equation was developed to improve the
accuracy of blood pressure measurements using a pulse diagnostic apparatus. When this equation
was used, the mean difference of 3.3mmHg and standard deviation of 2.4mmHg during the
contraction phase and the mean difference of 3.6mgHg and standard deviation of 2.6mmHg
during the relaxation phase were calculated. This is statistically significant and satisfies the
criteria of the mean difference of 5mmHg and standard deviation of 8.0mmHg stated in
ANSI/AAMI SP10. In addition, we develop an Android-based telemedicine system using a
Tablet PC to measure blood pressure
Android suburban railway ticketing with GPS as ticket

checker
Abstract:
One of the biggest challenges in the current ticketing facility is QUEUE in buying our
suburban railway tickets. In this fast growing world of technology we still stand in the queue or
buy with oyster & octopus cards for our suburban tickets, which is more frustrating at times to
stand in the queue or if we forget our cards. This paper Android Suburban Railway (ASR)
ticketing is mainly to buy the suburban tickets which is the most challenging when compared to
booking the long journey tickets through `M-ticket' which fails with suburban(local travel)
tickets.
Our ASR ticket can be bought with just a smart phone application, where you can carry
your suburban railway tickets in your smart phone as a QR (Quick Response) code. It uses the
smart phones GPS facility to validate and delete your ticket automatically after a specific
interval of time once the user reaches the destination. User's ticket information is stored in a
CLOUD database for security purpose which is missing in the present suburban system. Also the
ticket checker is provided with a checker application to search for the user's ticket with the ticket
number in the cloud database for checking purposes.
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Designing Android applications with both online and offline

voice control of household devices
Abstract:
Utilizing assistive technology to aid persons with neuromuscular disabilities, this study
compares two methods for voice control of household devices through an input-output board
driven by an Android application on a smart phone. Two types of voice recognition software,
online Google and offline Pocketsphinx, were used and tested for accuracy of several commands
on a television remote. Each application was designed to recognize keywords and send signals to
corresponding pins on the input-output board. The execution of a command was enabled through
the interface of the smart phone with a television remote. Applications were tested for accuracy
depending on distance between person and device as well as level of ambient noise.
On Route Travel Assistant for Public Transport Based on

Android Technology
Abstract:
A traveler assistant for public transport is described in this paper. The main purpose of
this system is to provide to the passenger real time information about the route, for example:
estimated time to the next stop of the route or estimated time to the traveler destination, also if
desired, tourist information about nearby interesting points. The application is designed for all
kind of passengers, but it is especially useful for travelers with special needs or for those who are
unfamiliar with a public transport network, for example tourists. Based on Bluetooth and
Android technologies, the assistant has a clear and intuitive user interface permitting to the users
a friendly interaction with the system and breaking down the barrier to entry for those users not
accustomed to work with mobile software applications.
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Daily Mood Assessment Based on Mobile Phone Sensing

Abstract:
With the increasing stress and unhealthy lifestyles in people's daily life, mental health
problems are becoming a global concern. In particular, mood related mental health problems,
such as mood disorders, depressions, and elation, are seriously impacting people's quality of life.
However, due to the complexity and unstableness of personal mood, assessing and analyzing
daily mood is both difficult and inconvenient, which is a major challenge in mental health care.
In this paper, we propose a novel framework called Mood Miner for assessing and
analyzing mood in daily life. Mood Miner uses mobile phone data - mobile phone sensor data
and communication data (including acceleration, light, ambient sound, location, call log, etc.) to extract human behavior pattern and assess daily mood. Our approach overcomes the problem
of subjectivity and inconsistency of traditional mood assessment methods, and achieves a fairly
good accuracy (around 50%) with minimal user intervention. We have built a system with clients
on Android platform and an assessment model based on factor graph. We have also carried out
experiments to evaluate our design in effectiveness and efficiency.
Daily life activity tracking application for smart homes using

android smartphone
Abstract:
Smart home is regarded as an independent healthy living for elderly person. Advances in
phone technology and new style of computing paradigm (i.e., cloud computing) permits real time
acquisition, processing, and tracking of activities in smart home. In this paper, we develop
android smartphone application to assists elderly people for independent living in their own
homes. It reduces the health expenditures and burden of health care professionals in care facility
units. We assume smart home as an intelligent agent to perceive the environment and process the
sensory data on cloud. Smartphone application communicates with cloud through web services
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and assists the elderly person to complete their daily life activities. It facilitates the care giver
assistant by tracking the elderly persons in their own homes and avoids certain accidents.
Furthermore, it also helps the family members to track the activities, when they are outside from
homes.
Design and implementation of automatic number plate

recognition on android platform
Abstract:
Android platform has gained popularity in recent years in terms of market share and
number of available applications. Android operating system is built on a modified Linux kernel
with built-in services such as email, web browser, and map applications. In this paper, automatic
number plate recognition (ANPR) was designed and implemented on Android mobile phone
platform. First, the graphical user interface (GUI) for capturing image using built-in camera was
developed to acquire car plate number in Malaysia. Second, the preprocessing of raw image was
done using contrast enhancement, filtering, and straightening.
Next, an optical character recognition (OCR) using neural network was utilized to extract
texts and numbers. The proposed ANPR algorithm was implemented and simulated using
Android SDK on a computer. The preliminary results showed that our system is able to
recognize most of the plate characters by almost 88%. Future research includes optimizing the
system for mobile phone implementation with limited CPU and memory resources, and geotagging of the image using GPS coordinates and online database for various mobile applications.
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Design and implementation of doctor-patient interaction

system based on android
Abstract:
Medical services informationalization is the trend of international development. With the
rapid development of information technology, more and more hospitals accelerate the
implementation on overall construction based on the information platform in order to improve
the hospital services.
The development of mobile web provides a new service mode and development
direction for medical industry. Android is an open source mobile phone operating system based
on Linux platform. It has occupied an important position in the field of mobile web for its open
and convenient development mode. Here we present a doctor-patient interaction system based on
Android. Its excellent performance on mobile terminals makes it possible that patients are able to
access the hospital server to obtain the necessary suggestion about the symptoms and interact
with the doctors on their own mobile terminals, while doctors can track patients whenever and
wherever possible or make a diagnosis of alert depends on the monitoring data from the
hardware of mobile terminals.
Mobile-free driving with Android phones: System design

and performance evaluation
Abstract:
Texting while driving is becoming a major problem in many countries worldwide, which
if not handled properly can cause serious accidents. In this paper, we present our proposed
system for a voiced based text messaging system utilizing Android phones empowered by
Google voice recognition engine. We also present some of the software engineering challenges
encountered during implementation. Utilizing our software, the user can issue voice commands
to his mobile phone which in turn will send the text message on his behalf.
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Furthermore, we tested the performance of our system with different people that have
different English accents, and under different background noise. Our performance analysis
showed that there is a need to develop and enhance the current Google API voice recognition
engine to better support people with different English accents. Moreover, the current APIs
should allow the developer to add some signal processing functionalities to eliminate the effect
of the background noise that the user may encounter while driving.
Design and implementation of Android phone based group

communication and navigation system
Abstract:
With the rapid development of mobile Internet technology and the widespread use of
smart phones, more and more attentions have paid on network access and interactive applications
through mobile phones. Android becomes the most favorite smart phone by the people and
programmers because of its open-source, easy to use and biggest global market share and has
broad prospects for development. This article describes the design and implementation of
Android mobile operating system based group communication and navigation system. The
system provides a friendly group communication platform between friends in order to timely
communicate and a real-time positioning, navigation and path planning capabilities with the help
of GPS.
Web based remote exploration and control system using

android mobile phone
Abstract:
A remote exploration and control system has been developed using web Application, web
server, database, GSM network, and Android mobile phone. Web application is used to control
remotely an Android mobile phone and electrical devices connected with the mobile phone.
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Firstly, command is sent from the web Application and saved in database. The Android mobile
phone reads the sent command from database and performs predefined procedure to execute the
command and hence, generate outcome due to execution of the command. Thus, this system can
be used as an exploration and control system because remote mobile phone automatically
implements command like capturing picture and upload the captured picture to the server and
control electrical devices.
Command is implemented to capture picture automatically of the surrounding location
and upload it to server. It can also send automatically GPS location of the mobile phone to
server's database. So, it can be used to detect the device's geographical location and collateral
condition. Hence, it can be used in monitoring as well as in security system. Finally, command is
implemented for generating DTMF tone signal on Android phone. A DTMF detection circuit,
interfaced with mobile phone, can automatically detect the DTMF tone signal and generates 4 bit
digital code output. This digital output code can be utilized to control any electrical device.
Exploiting Bluetooth on Android mobile devices for home

security application
Abstract:
Mobile devices have been integrated into our everyday life. Consequently, home
automation and security are becoming increasingly prominent features on mobile devices. In this
paper, we have developed a security system that interfaces with an Android mobile device. The
mobile device and security system communicate via Bluetooth because a short-range-only
communications system was desired. The mobile application can be loaded onto any compatible
device, and once loaded, interface with the security system.
Commands to lock, unlock, or check the status of the door to which the security system is
installed can be sent quickly from the mobile device via a simple, easy to use GUI. The security
system then acts on these commands, taking the appropriate action and sending a confirmation
back to the mobile device. The security system can also tell the user if the door is open. The door
also incorporates a traditional lock and key interface in case the user loses the mobile device.
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Vibration-Based Surface Recognition for Smartphones

Abstract:
With various sensors in a smart phone, it is now possible to obtain information about a
user and her surroundings, such as the location of a smartphone and the activity of the
smartphone user, and the obtained context information is being used to provide new services to
the users. In this paper, we propose VibePhone, which uses a built-in vibrator and accelerometer,
for recognizing the type of surfaces contacted by a smart phone, enabling the sense of touch in
smartphones. For humans and animals, the sense of touch is fundamental for both recognizing
and learning the properties of objects.
The sense of touch is obtained from the texture of an object and humans recognize the
type of an object by scrubbing the surface with fingers. Since a smartphone cannot physically
scrub the contacting surface, we emulate the touch by generating vibrations using a smartphone
and propose a method to recognize the type of contacting objects. The recognition of the object
type by vibration alone is an extremely difficult task, even for a human.
However, we demonstrate that it is possible to distinguish object types into broad
categories where a phone is usually placed, e.g., sofas, plastic tables, wooden tables, hands,
backpacks, and pants pockets. The proposed VibePhone system achieves an accuracy over 85%
on average. We have prototyped VibePhone on an Android-based smart phone which changes its
background display based on the contacting surface. We envision that the haptic perception in
future smart phones will enable new experiences to the users.
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Evaluation of Bluetooth Hands-Free profile for sensors

applications in smartphone platforms
Abstract:
Nowadays, the wide diffusion of smartphones has completely changed the interaction of
people with the surroundings. In fact these devices are equipped with a large number of sensors,
like GPS receiver, 3-axis accelerator, which can enrich the user experience, collecting data from
the external environment. Moreover, additional sensors can be used to enlarge the set of data
providing information usually not available in a smartphone, like biomedical data. Usually,
Bluetooth is used to connect external sensors to smartphone.
Several commercial solutions are already available on the market. Unfortunately,
different types of smartphone require the use of dedicated external sensors, due to the different
Bluetooth data profile supported by the different Operative System (iOS, Android). In this paper
the Bluetooth Hands-Free profile has been evaluated to transmit sensor information to
smartphone, since it is the only profile supported both by Android as well as iOS devices. A
prototype of a photoplethysmographic sensor with Hands-Free interface has been realized and
interfaced to commercial smartphone, showing the feasibility of this approach.
Comm2Sense: Detecting proximity through smartphones

Abstract:
Mobile devices are increasingly becoming a proxy to habits and daily patterns of users.
This is opening new possibilities in the area of human behaviour analysis, where the many
sensors available on smartphones can be used to regularly monitor users' daily activities and
interactions in an non-obtrusive way. In this paper we focus on proximity detection, which refers
to the ability of a system to recognize the co-presence of two or more individuals.
We present Comm2Sense, our mobile platform to detect proximity among users
exploiting sensing capabilities available in modern smartphones, namely Wi-Fi hotspot and WiMobile: 98422 38186, 90806 58586
Fi receiver. The platform estimates the distance between subjects applying data mining
techniques to the analysis of the Wi-Fi RSSI. We describe the design and implementation of the
platform, together with the technical solutions implemented in each module. We demonstrate
that the proposed platform is able to achieve a resolution of 0,5 meters.
Road condition monitoring and alert application: Using invehicle Smartphone as Internet-connected sensor
Abstract:
The proposal describes a road condition monitoring and alert application using the invehicle Smartphone as connected sensors, which are connected to an Internet-of-Things platform
over the Internet. In addition to providing a generic Internet-of-Things based platform, the
proposed solution brings in novel energy-efficient phone-orientation-agnostic accelerometer
analytics in phone, reduces the data volume that needs be communicated between phone and the
back-end over Internet, brings in multi-user fusion concepts to create authentic road condition
maps and addresses privacy concerns for the phone user for sharing the required data.
A method of simultaneously displaying a passing person and

his/her message on the same screen space
Abstract:
The widespread use of smartphones has prompted the provision of a variety of services
that exploit sensors installed in the smartphones, such as GPS, and augmented reality (AR). This
paper proposes a method in which a user of such a smart terminal receives a message from a
person passing by, and has the message displayed alongside the image of that person on the
screen of the camera installed in the user's terminal.
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Specifically, the paper proposes a gravity center method that calculate the positions of the
user and the passing person taking errors in the GPS measurements into consideration, and a
method of displaying the message sent by the other person at a position on the camera screen
calculated from the position data sent by the other person's terminal. These methods have been
implemented in Android terminals, and the effectiveness of these methods has been evaluated.
EnergySniffer: Home energy monitoring system using smart

phones
Abstract:
Tracking energy consumption for individual operating machines (e.g., home appliance) is
a prerequisite for making energy conservation and management efficient. In order to meet the
requirement for monitoring home energy consumption, several industries and researchers came
up with different solutions. Unfortunately, all these solutions require invasive and expensive
installation of sensor devices. Furthermore, many of these solutions can't measure the energy
consumption of individual machines.
In this paper, we propose and evaluate the feasibility of using smart phones in machines's
energy monitoring system. We call our system EnergySniffer in which it exploits various
sensors, such as magnetic sensor, light, microphone, temperature, camera, WiFi, in smart phones
to build a multi sensing framework. This framework is used to build a unique fingerprint profile
for each individual machine. As a proof of concept, we develop a simple sensing framework
prototype that utilizes only the microphone sensor on the phone. We call this framework a sound
sensing framework. Experimental evaluation on sound sensing framework demonstrate the
feasibility of continuously identifying and monitoring individual machine in real-time.
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RFID BASED PROJECTS
Self-Recognition of Vehicle Position Using UHF Passive

RFID Tags
Abstract:
This paper proposes a method that enables self-recognition of a mobile vehicle's current
position by utilizing ultrahigh frequency (UHF) passive radio-frequency identification (RFID)
tags. The proposed method can be used in real industry environments such as complex storage
warehouses where many different goods are dispersed throughout a wide area. In particular, the
proposed method makes use of two UHF RFID readers with identical emission configuration
attached to a vehicle to identify a reference RFID tag. By utilizing the received signal strength
indicator obtained by the readers from the reference RFID tag, the precise position of the moving
vehicle can be obtained. The experiments prove the effectiveness of the proposed method in
accurately estimating the vehicle position.
Low-Cost Capacitive Humidity Sensor for Application

Within Flexible RFID Labels Based on Microcontroller
Systems
Abstract:
This paper reports on the fabrication of a capacitive-type relative humidity (RH) sensor
using screen printing processes for electrode film deposition. The applied measurement method
based on microcontrollers is also reported. In this specific case, the microcontroller is used to
measure RH by means of a capacitive sensor with a simple low-cost electronic system. In
addition, a comparison between two different types of polyester substrates [Melinex (DuPont)
and CG3460 (3M)] is shown. Both polyester substrates have similar properties, and only the
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thickness is different (175 m for Melinex and 100 m for CG3460). A nonlineal response has
been obtained in this type of sensors. In order to linearize the response and reduce the external
hardware, an artificial neural network embedded into the microcontroller has been used.
Humidity Sensing by Polymer-Loaded UHF RFID Antennas

Abstract:
Passive ultra high-frequency radio frequency identification tags, besides item labeling,
are also able to exploit capability to sense the physical state of the tagged object as well as of the
surrounding environment. Here, a new family of polymer-doped tags are proposed and fully
characterized for the detection of ambient humidity. A sensitive chemical species based on
PEDOT:PSS is used to load a shaped slot, carved into a folded-like patch tag.
The communication and sensing capabilities of the resulting radio-sensor are
investigated by means of simulation and measurements that show how to control and balance
above opposite requirements by a proper deposition of the sensitive material. The device could
have interesting applications in the assessment of the air quality within living and controlled
rooms, in the monitoring of the conservation state of foods, in the preservation of walls, and even
in the medical field, e.g., to monitor the healing of wounds.
Developing an Intelligent e-Restaurant with a Menu

Recommender for Customer- Centric Service
Abstract:
Traditional restaurant service is typically passive: Waiters must interact with customers
directly before processing their orders. However, a high-quality service system should be
customer centered; it should immediately recognize customer identities, favorite menus, and
expenditure records to provide customer-centric services.
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To achieve this goal, this study integrates radio frequency identification (RFID), wireless
local area network, database technologies, and a menu recommender to develop an intelligent erestaurant for customer-centric service. This system enables waiters to immediately identify
customers via RFID-based membership cards and then actively recommend the most appropriate
menus through menu recommender for customers. Experimental results that are obtained from a
case study conducted in two Taipei restaurants indicate that the proposed system has practical
potential in providing customer-centric service.
Campus Access Control System RFID Based

Abstract:
In order to improve the campus securities and obtain the personnel information, and
campus access control system is developed and introduced in this paper. TCP/IP, PPP, HTTP,
HTML, POP3 and SMTP are used to constitute the basic network and transport layer to transmit
real-time access information. The real-time access information is input by Network Connection
Element (NCE) like radio frequency devices, surveillance camera devices, computers and
routers. It's better to guarantee the safety of data storage and access when using ODBC to build
the data source and using ADO to visit and manipulate database. Using the IE to enter in the
system can be convenient for users. The personnel study or work in the campus can use the RFID
card to passing in or out the campus smoothly. The application system only used the existing
campus RFID card and need not any extra investment.
An RFID-Based Position and Orientation Measurement

System for Mobile Objects in Intelligent Environments
Abstract:
Ambient intelligence (AmI) considers responsive environments in which applications and
services adapt their behavior according to the user's needs and changing context. One of the most
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challenging aspects for many applications in AmI environments is location and orientation of the
surrounding objects.
This is especially important for effective cooperation among mobile physical objects in
such smart environments. In this paper, we propose a robust indoor positioning system that
provides 2-D positioning and orientation information for mobile objects. The system utilizes
low-range passive radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. The proposed system,
which consists of RFID carpets and several peripherals for sensor data interpretation, is
implemented and tested through extensive experiments. Our results show that the proposed
system outperforms similar existing systems in minimizing the average positioning error.
Accurate Pedestrian Indoor Navigation by Tightly Coupling

Foot-Mounted IMU and RFID Measurements
Abstract:
We present a new method to accurately locate persons indoors by fusing inertial
navigation system (INS) techniques with active RFID technology. A foot-mounted inertial
measuring units (IMUs)-based position estimation method, is aided by the received signal
strengths (RSSs) obtained from several active RFID tags placed at known locations in a building.
In contrast to other authors that integrate IMUs and RSS with a loose Kalman filter (KF)-based
coupling (by using the residuals of inertial- and RSS-calculated positions), we present a tight
KF-based INS/RFID integration, using the residuals between the INS-predicted reader-to-tag
ranges and the ranges derived from a generic RSS path-loss model.
Our approach also includes other drift reduction methods such as zero velocity updates
(ZUPTs) at foot stance detections, zero angular-rate updates (ZARUs) when the user is
motionless, and heading corrections using magnetometers. A complementary extended Kalman
filter (EKF), throughout its 15-element error state vector, compensates the position, velocity and
attitude errors of the INS solution, as well as IMU biases. This methodology is valid for any kind
of motion (forward, lateral or backward walk, at different speeds), and does not require an offline
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calibration for the user gait. The integrated INS+RFID methodology eliminates the typical drift
of IMU-alone solutions (approximately 1% of the total traveled distance), resulting in typical
positioning errors along the walking path (no matter its length) of approximately 1.5 m.
A Passive UHF-RFID System for the Localization of an

Indoor Autonomous Vehicle
Abstract:
A global localization system combining odometry data with radio frequency
identification (RFID) readings is proposed. RFID tags are placed at the ceiling of the
environment and can be detected by a mobile robot unit traveling below them. The detection of
the tags is the only information used in the proposed approach (no distance or bearing to the tag
is considered available), but differently from similar localization setups reported in the literature,
only a small number (about one each square meter or less) of tags are used.
This is possible using a suitable tag's antenna in ultrahigh frequency band, expressly
designed to obtain regular and stable RFID detection regions, which allows us to consider an
efficient Kalman filtering approach to fuse RFID readings with the vehicle odometry data. A
satisfactory performance is achieved, with an average position error of about 0.1 m. The
hardware/software localization setup described in this paper is cheap and easy to use and may
provide a satisfactory approach in several industrial and domestic scenarios.
Passive UHF RFID-Based Localization Using Detection of

Tag Interference on Smart Shelf
Abstract:
In this paper, we present a novel radio-frequency identification (RFID) smart shelf that
accurately locates tagged objects using standard passive UHF RFID tags. This standard-based
Mobile: 98422 38186, 90806 58586
commercial off-the-shelf approach provides significant advantages over custom HF RFID and
other near-field RFID approaches, including reduced tag costs, minimal infrastructure costs, and
simple operation. In order to achieve accurate location sensing of objects sitting on the shelf, we
utilize a novel localization algorithm that utilizes detected changes in a tag's readability to infer
the presence of neighboring tags.
According to our experimentation results, with a single RFID reader antenna for two
wooden shelves of size 91 cm 152 cm, our smart-shelf system estimates nine box-level object
locations with an average error of just 18.48 cm, which is a 71% improvement in accuracy
compared with the previously published k nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm.
Electronic Identity Cards for User AuthenticationPromise

and Practice
Abstract:
Electronic identity (elD) cards promise to supply a nationwide user authentication
mechanism. The core technology seems ready for mass deployment, but application issues might
hamper elD adoption.
Theory & Performance Evaluation of Group Coding of

RFID Tags
Abstract:
Radio frequency identification (RFID) is an automatic identification technology which
identifies physical objects individually according to their unique identifiers (ID) recorded in each
RFID tag. Many business processes require the integrity verification of a group of objects in
addition to individual object identification. This paper proposes group coding of RFID tags
with which we can verify the integrity of groups of objects by writing parity check data to the
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memory of RFID tags. It was revealed by simulations and experiments that we could determine
the number of missing RFID tags up to 10 with accuracy over 99% when we write 96 bits of the
checksum data to 20 RFID tags. The whole duration of group decoding measured in the
experiment was approximately 2 to 3 s. The time to compute group encoding and decoding was
in the order of several milliseconds and thus negligible.
The RFID inventory accounts for the majority of the duration. Note to PractitionersCurrent RFID features fast identification of many physical objects. However, the integrity check
of a group of objects is usually done by looking up a packaging list or a shipment list in EDI,
which requires a network connection. Our proposed group coding of RFID tags can perform
the group integrity check without a network connection. In addition, when the integrity of the
group is infringed, the group coding can determine the number of RFID tags missing from the
group. These features of group coding can reduce the cost of looking up shipment lists and locate
missing RFID tags. The accuracy of the determination is controlled by adjusting the size of data
written in each RFID tag. Adopters of group coding can select the optimal performance of group
coding from the requirements of the accuracy and constraints like memory consumption of RFID
tags.
On the Design and deployment of RFID Assisted Navigation

Systems for VANETS
Abstract:
In this paper, we propose a systematic approach to designing and deploying a RFID
Assisted Navigation System (RFID-ANS) for VANETs. RFID-ANS consists of passive tags
deployed on roads to provide navigation information while the RFID readers attached to the
center of the vehicle bumper query the tag when passing by to obtain the data for navigation
guidance. We analyze the design criteria of RFID-ANS and present the design of the RFID
reader in detail to support vehicles at high speeds. We also jointly consider the scheduling of the
read attempts and the deployment of RFID tags based on the navigation requirements to support
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seamless navigations. The estimation of the vehicle position and its accuracy are also
investigated.
Sensor-Enabled RFID System for Monitoring Arm Activity:

Reliability and Validity
Abstract:
After stroke, capacity to complete tasks in the treatment setting with the more-affected
arm is an unreliable index of actual use of that extremity in daily life. Available objective
methods for monitoring real-world arm use rely on placing movement sensors on patients. These
methods provide information on amount but not type of arm activity, e.g., functional versus
nonfunctional movement. This paper presents an approach that places sensors on patients and
household objects, overcoming this limitation. An accelerometer and the transmitter component
of a radio-frequency proximity sensor are attached to objects; the receiver component is attached
to the arm of interest.
The receiver triggers an on-board radio-frequency identification tag to signal proximity
when that arm is within 23 cm of an instrumented object. In benchmark testing, this system
detected perfectly which arm was used to move the target object on 200 trials. In a laboratory
study with 35 undergraduates, increasing the amount of time target objects were moved with the
arm of interest resulted in a corresponding increase in system output $(p<0.0001)$ . Moreover,
measurement error was low ( $leq$2.5%). The results support this system's reliability and
validity in individuals with unimpaired movement; testing is now warranted in stroke patients.
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Design of an Omnidirectional Polarized RFID Tag Antenna

for Safety Glass Applications
Abstract:
An UHF RFID tag antenna which is comprised of a trapezoidal loop and a dual-dipole
radiator with an L-slit for omnidirectional polarized reading patterns is designed, fabricated and
measured. For a conjugate match to the Monza 3 microchip impedance of 44-j231 at 915 MHz,
an orthogonal dual-dipole tag antenna (91 mm 91 mm) with L-slit on each dipole arm was
designed.
Simple size adjustments of the L-slit and dipole radiator of the antenna allow for easy
control of the antenna resistance and inductive reactance, from which the microchip impedance
requirement may be readily satisfied. The read range of the prototype attached on a different
glass can reach more than 9 m, which has been tested for an RFID reader with 4.0 W of EIRP.
Good tag sensitivity and near omnidirectional radiation patterns were obtained in the desired
frequency band.
Design of Implanted RFID Tags for Passive Sensing of

Human Body: The STENTag
Abstract:
Numerical processing of passive UHF-RFID tags' response may provide physical insight
about the hosting object or about the nearby environment. This idea is here extended to
implanted antennas with the purpose to sense the evolution of some human physiological and
pathological process involving a local change of effective permittivity inside the body. The goal
is to understand how master the design of this class of devices taking into account both
communication and sensing capabilities. An ad hoc design methodology is here presented and
discussed by means of a realistic medical case concerning the modification of an endo-vascular
device to achieve a STENTag able to sense the state of the vessel wherein it has been implanted.
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Passive UHF RFID Tag for Heat Sensing Applications

Abstract:
A possible method of utilizing paraffin wax as a substrate material in developing a
threshold heat sensing radio frequency identification (RFID) tag is discussed. A small
narrowband passive UHF RFID tag is made on top of a multilayer substrate. Paraffin wax acts as
the main heat sensitive layer of the substrate. The properties and characteristics of the paraffin
layer change due to heat. The narrowband tag on top of the substrate is designed to be sensitive
enough to detect any structural and physical changes of the substrate material.
The changes in the properties of the substrate material will cause a shift in the operating
frequency of the tag. This frequency shift will reduce the performance of the narrowband RFID
sensor tag. The change in the properties of paraffin wax after being exposed to heat is
irreversible under normal conditions and therefore, the proposed RFID tag can be referred to as a
threshold heat sensing device. Such a low-cost solution can be useful in detecting heat exposures
in various supply chains and transportation mishandling of heat sensitive items.
Equipment Location in Hospitals Using RFID-Based

Positioning System
Abstract:
Throughout various complex processes within hospitals, context-aware services and
applications can help to improve the quality of care and reduce costs. For example, sensors and
radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies for e-health have been deployed to improve
the flow of material, equipment, personal, and patient. Bed tracking, patient monitoring, realtime logistic analysis, and critical equipment tracking are famous applications of real-time
location systems (RTLS) in hospitals.
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In fact, existing case studies showthatRTLS can improve service quality and safety, and
optimize emergency management and time critical processes. In this paper, we propose a robust
system for position and orientation determination of equipment. Our system utilizes passive
(RFID) technology mounted on flooring plates and several peripherals for sensor data
interpretation. The system is implemented and tested through extensive experiments. The results
show that our systems average positioning and orientation measurement outperforms existing
systems in terms of accuracy. The details of the system as well as the experimental results are
presented in this paper.
Self-Recognition of Vehicle Position Using UHF Passive

RFID Tags
Abstract:
This paper proposes a method that enables self-recognition of a mobile vehicle's current
position by utilizing ultrahigh frequency (UHF) passive radio-frequency identification (RFID)
tags. The proposed method can be used in real industry environments such as complex storage
warehouses where many different goods are dispersed throughout a wide area. In particular, the
proposed method makes use of two UHF RFID readers with identical emission configuration
attached to a vehicle to identify a reference RFID tag. By utilizing the received signal strength
indicator obtained by the readers from the reference RFID tag, the precise position of the moving
vehicle can be obtained. The experiments prove the effectiveness of the proposed method in
accurately estimating the vehicle position.
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An analysis of security weaknesses in the evolution of RFID

enabled passport
Abstract:
Since the introduction of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Enabled Passports, the
system have been plagued with various vulnerability issues that prove to compromise the Epassport security. To date, three generations of E-passports have been introduced by the
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the European Union (EU). The first two
generations of E-passports are being issued worldwide. This paper presents the evolution of these
passports over the years to develop taxonomy of the weaknesses and to serve as a reference point
detailing security vulnerabilities linked to the RFID E-passport features in the first and second Epassport generations.
The findings can also assist in profiling possible attack vectors on the existing RFID
enabled passports and in developing comprehensive RFID E-passport risk mitigation strategies.
To illustrate the importance of a comprehensive risk strategy when using RFID E-passport, the
attack process modeling method is used to highlight the possible attacks and weaknesses which
could result from not using one or more security features.
Design of UHF RFID software system based on ARM

Abstract:
This paper designed UHF rfid reader software system based on ARM, First, the structure
of software systems and modules for functions are briefly described, Then elaborated on the
electronic label read / write operation software module principle, multi tag identification module
taking partition search and conflict recognition method for multiple tag read. At the same time,
the reader collision problem analysis, research, and the reader anti collision algorithm.
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Improved parcel delivery service by using delivery points

information and RFID
Abstract:
A possible methodology to improve delivery service in a big city is suggested in this
research. Delivery point information such as building types and necessary time to walk to give
the parcel are used to minimize optimum solution search space by grouping delivery points with
no necessary vehicle movement. RFID application for automated data collection would be
helpful to make the system performance better in reality.
Using RFID in localization for indoor navigation of mobile

robots
Abstract:
This paper concerns the issue of indoor navigation of mobile robots. Instead of computer
vision, the use of RFID is explored in localization for Circular Navigation Guidance(CNG) law,
which aims at fulfilling the navigation tasks of target tracking with the specified approaching
configurations. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. In
comparison to the computer vision based navigation paradigm, our proposed approach has
considerable advantages in sensing efficiency and robustness to illumination and environment
changes.
Study on Security Issue of Internet of Things Based on RFID

Abstract:
In recent years, the use of radio frequency identification technology (RFlD: Radio
Frequency Identification) to establish the current system of things becomes one of the
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mainstream models. This paper analyzes the internet system structure of things based on RFID,
elaborates on the limitations of RFID technology to the things security threats, and analyzes
RFID-based things that should meet the security demand and the corresponding security policies.
RFID Technology Applied to Monitor Vehicle in Highway

Abstract:
RFID is non-contact automatic identification technology which could be applied to
various industries extensively. Accessing the vehicle speed range in freeway, we could use RFID
technology to monitor speed of vehicles. Then we could determine whether the vehicles are over
speed. Therefore, the use of RFID technology can effectively reduce speeding violations and
enhance traffic safety. Its toll is paid by credit card automatically through computer network.
Therefore, realize the non-stop automatic toll collection. Contrarily, punish the illegal vehicle by
monitor network
Web-based student attendance system using RFID

technology
Abstract:
This paper describes the development of a student attendance system based on Radio
Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. The existing conventional attendance system
requires students to manually sign the attendance sheet every time they attend a class. As
common as it seems, such system lacks of automation, where a number of problems may arise.
This include the time unnecessarily consumed by the students to find and sign their name on the
attendance sheet, some students may mistakenly or purposely signed another student's name and
the attendance sheet may got lost.
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Having a system that can automatically capture student's attendance by flashing their
student card at the RFID reader can really save all the mentioned troubles. This is the main
motive of our system and in addition having an online system accessible anywhere and anytime
can greatly help the lecturers to keep track of their students' attendance. Looking at a bigger
picture, deploying the system throughout the academic faculty will benefit the academic
management as students' attendance to classes is one of the key factor in improving the quality of
teaching and monitoring their students' performance. Besides, this system provides valuable
online facilities for easy record maintenance offered not only to lecturers but also to related
academic management staffs especially for the purpose of students' progress monitoring.
Application of the RFID technology in the field of gun

management for the Police of the Czech Republic
Abstract:
The accurate identification of the key objects is essential for the proper functionality of
modern automated systems. Nowadays there are many possible methods of identification. The
necessary requirement for the identification process is the object marking. There are various
methods of marking. The best known structure is the alphanumerical code, barcode or 2D code.
All these ways have its typical advantages and disadvantages but in general all of them can not
be used without the direct visibility or for identification of higher quantity of objects at once.
These are critical features for the security area applications. The only technology that fulfills
those necessary features is radiofrequency identification (RFID) that works with RFID tags
marked objects. The only recognition of the tag on the object is insufficient.
The acquired data has to be collected, processed, filtrated, enhanced by the business
meaning of the event. After the data processing the results has to be uploaded to a system with a
standardized database scheme that offer the data for further use in registration systems. This
document makes a short report from the ongoing project of application the ultra high frequency
(UHF) RFID technologies into the field of gun management. This project is managed by the
ILAB RFID - International RFID Laboratory at the VSBTechnical University Ostrava.
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Objectives of the research are to realize essential tests and necessary analyses that are required
for the proper design of the newly created gun management system for the Police of the Czech
Republic. Current tasks lie in the analysis of the processes that will be automated and in the
definition of the optimal parameters of the UHF transponder, its location and the method of
attachment to the body of the gun. Major benefits of the solution Elimination of errors resulting
from wrong identification of the gun.
Reducing the cost of administration associated with registering and evaluating- the use of
a weapon. Contactless identification of a handgun without direct visibility (in the case, in
baggage, etc.). Possibility of multiple gun batch identification. Simple access to reports about
the history of use of identified guns.
The Study of Biometrics Technology Applied in Attendance

Management System
Abstract:
Research on How to create a fair, convenient attendance management system, is being
pursued by academics and government departments fervently. This study is based on the
biometric recognition technology. The hand geometry machine captures the personal hand
geometry data as the biometric code and applies this data in the attendance management system
as the attendance record.
The attendance records that use this technology is difficult to replicate by others. It can
improve the reliability of the attendance records and avoid fraudulent issues that happen when
you use a register. This research uses the social survey method-questionnaire to evaluate the
theory and practice of introducing biometric recognition technology-hand geometry capturing
into the attendance management system.
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Framework for cooperative RFID tag reading in mobile

environments with multiple readers
Abstract:
A framework for increasing throughput of RFID systems in an environment characterized
with passive RFID tags on a mobile conveyor belt and multiple readers is introduced. The
proposed framework involves information sharing among readers to improve the existing tag
identification protocols in the mobile setting. The framework applies modifications to Tree and
ALOHA protocols to reduce idle and collision times, thereby improving tag reading rates. The
implementation of framework for two possible scenarios is described. Simulation results, whose
performance aligns with the analytical models developed here, show that the framework
improves the average tag reading rate of existing Tree and ALOHA based tag reading protocols.
A novel cost-effective architecture and deployment strategy

for integrated RFID and WSN systems
Abstract:
In this paper, we propose a novel architecture for integrated Radio Frequency IDentifiers
(RFIDs) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to accommodate an array of applications in a
cost-effective manner. Integration combines the traceability and sensing capabilities of the two
technologies to maximize the effectiveness of the resulting systems. RFID technology extends
the ability of WSNs by tracking otherwise un-sensible objects. WSNs, on the other hand, provide
information on the environment surrounding the node and the ability to transmit in multi-hops to
wider areas. We propose a novel architecture to integrate these technologies via super nodes that
serve as both RFID readers and relay hubs.
The count of the super nodes dominates the cost of these integrated networks. Thus, it is
crucial to distribute these nodes over the layout in a way that minimizes their count while
ensuring coverage. We employ Integer Linear Programming (ILP) to achieve a deployment
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scheme that addresses such constraints. Our approach generated outstanding results in terms of
cost-efficiency when compared to other WSN/RFID integrated architectures.
Learning to slide a magnetic card through a card reader

Abstract:
This paper describes a set of experiments in which an upper-torso humanoid robot
learned to slide a card through a card reader. The small size and the flexibility of the card
presented a number of manipulation challenges for the robot. First, because most of the card is
occluded by the card reader and the robot's hand during the sliding process, visual feedback is
useless for this task. Second, because the card bends easily, it is difficult to distinguish between
bending and hitting an obstacle in order to correct the sliding trajectory. To solve these
manipulation challenges this paper proposes a method for constraint detection that uses only
proprioceptive data.
The method uses dynamic joint torque thresholds that are calibrated using the robot's
movements in free space. The experimental results show that using this method, the robot can
detect when the movement of the card is constrained and modify the sliding trajectory in real
time, which makes solving this task possible.
Robot Navigation System with RFID and Sensors

Abstract:
The paper proposed a method enable robot to navigate in indoor space is indicated. The
system use RFID tags as landmarks to locate the robot. A topological map corresponding to the
real environment is used for robot navigation. The robot goes along the ways, and turn to the
right direction at each intersection of the hallways. The robot navigation system can be used in
real life and do efficient work.
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An effective RFID authentication protocol

Abstract:
The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an automatic identification system, which
is widely used for industrial and individual applications. However, features of RFID systems
present potential security and privacy problems. In an effort to resolve these problems and
protect the users from tracing and also to support Low-cost RFID, in this paper, we propose an
RFID security method that achieves all requirements based on a hash function and a symmetric
key cryptosystem. In addition, our proposed method provides not only high-security but also
high-efficiency.
A design of self-service speech explaining system based on

RFID
Abstract:
With the development of tourism, intelligent electronic tourism guides are welcomed
widely. In this paper, a self-service tourism guide system based on RFID was designed. The
system consists of RFID tags and handheld terminals. Handheld terminal includes ZLG500BTG+
module, VS1003 audio decoder module, SD card data storage module. It implants FAT32 file
system, and can use data redirection function to deal with data, which makes the microcontroller
complete the main control function of the whole system with less hardware resources. The
system is suitable for the museums, exhibitions, and other intensive places.
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Application and development of RFID technique

Abstract:
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is widely used in every area, but its
standardization, anti-collision algorithm, and system measurement accuracy still need further
improving. Systematic study is made in this paper according to the strengths and weaknesses of
RFID and its development trend. It also explains the safety of RFID and its strengths over
efficient and fast identification algorithm; introduces RFID technology and the combination of
internet-of-things, wireless sensors and NFC technologies as well as the application of RFID
technology in the fields of retailing, logistics and traffic. Through an aggregate analysis of world
manufacturers' application and study of RFID technology, the writer also points out the
development trend of RFID technology in our country.
RFID technology and its applications in Internet of Things

(IoT)
Abstract:
Radio frequency identification system (RFID) is an automatic technology and aids
machines or computers to identify objects, record metadata or control individual target through
radio waves. Connecting RFID reader to the terminal of Internet, the readers can identify, track
and monitor the objects attached with tags globally, automatically, and in real time, if needed.
This is the so-called Internet of Things (IoT). RFID is often seen as a prerequisite for the IoT.
This paper introduces the technologies of RFID and IoT, discusses the applications and
challenges of RFID technology used in IoT.
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The research on electronic tag anti-collision technology

based on RFID
Abstract:
This paper introduces the concept of RFID technology system structure and principle,
then studies the two common anti-collision algorithm that they are the ALOHA algorithm and
the binary search algorithm in RFID systems. Next, the throughput of pure ALOHA algorithm
and slotted ALOHA algorithm is analyzed.
An indoor localization of UHF RFID using a hybrid

approach
Abstract:
To estimate the localization of RFID tag in an open room, we use AOA method instead
of RSSI. In this paper, we take an advantage of the certain angle coverage of UHF RFID, and
design a set to make UHF RFID reader whirl around an axis to scan each tag that can be found
with the constant angular rate, so that the locations of tags are obtained by the two sets according
to their time-of-difference and angle.
Research and Implementation of Access Control System

Based on RFID and FNN-Face Recognition
Abstract:
With the development of face recognition and the wide use of RFID technology, the
reliability and efficiency of identity verification is improved. The paper introduces an
intelligence access control system, which consists of face detection based on skin model, RFID
card processing and face recognition based on FNN. This system can be used in many fields,
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such as safety check in public activities, access control in uptown and work attendance check.
There is a very important practical value.
RFID and ZigBee based manufacturing monitoring system

Abstract:
Traditional methods of monitoring production in enterprises by humans on site are unable
to meet the expectations for efficiency, accuracy and cost as product lifecycles are shortened
continuously. Setting up an RFID and ZigBee based manufacturing monitoring system is a good
approach to improve monitoring efficiency so as to improve management efficiency in
enterprises. Although there are still some problems to be solved for RFID and ZigBee
technologies, their unique features still make the monitoring system based on them a promising
system in manufacturing enterprises. The architecture of the RFID and ZigBee based monitoring
system is presented in this paper.
A RFID Authentication Protocol for Low-cost Tags without

Back-end Database
Abstract:
Low-cost Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) tags are large-scale used in supply chain
management, but due to their finite computational ability and limited storage space, only a small
amount of authentication protocols are suited for them. We analyzed the existing authentication
protocols for low-cost tags, and found a secure authentication protocol that easy to implement is
necessary. We propose LP0-A RFID Authentication Protocol for Low-cost tags without backend database. LP0 is anonymous, mutual and is able to resist a variety of attacks. LP0 has a low
require on the tags, so it is easy to implement on low-cost tags RFID system.
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A Comparison between Single and Additive Contribution in

RFID Reader-to-Reader Interference Models
Abstract:
The RFID reader-to-reader collision is a well-known interference problem that affects
large RFID systems with many readers. In recent years, several anti-collision protocols have
been proposed in order to address this problem. However, the evaluation of these approaches is
often based on simple models that consider only direct collisions among two readers. Instead,
more complex models capture the total signal power emitted by each reader and assume that the
power of each signal decays as distance grows. In this paper, the main models of the two families
are described, and a comparison is presented, in order to investigate their effectiveness for the
study and the evaluation of reader-to-reader collision.
An Indoor Localization Mechanism Based on RFID and IR

Data in Ambient Intelligent Environments
Abstract:
Smart spaces provide users with seamless, invisible and proactive services adapted to
their preferences and needs. Smart buildings comprise a key part of smart spaces, where the
provided services, such as climate and lighting control or security, can be offered intelligently if
one considers the static and dynamical status of the building and the location of residents. This
work is focused on providing an autonomous system capable of collecting a wide range of
monitoring information to ensure a comfortable atmosphere in a building and assist residents
with smart automation.
Location plays an important role in many context-aware applications and it is used in this
work in the form of an adaptive localization mechanism based on RFID (Radio-Frequency
Identification) and IR (Infra-Red) to implement a tracking system based on a Radial Basis
Function Network and a Particle Filter, which is capable of providing location user with a low
error. A theoretical study about models of transmission power losses in indoor environments has
also been tackled, hence the number and position of sensors and the accuracy of measurements
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are optimized. A real scenario that exploits the capabilities of the system is described and used to
gather results that demonstrate how this localization mechanism enhances the experience of users
in smart buildings through a set of services.
Internet of Things Architecture for an RFID-Based Product

Tracking Business Model
Abstract:
Device and technology diversity along with application heterogeneity are two of the main
factors that have an impact on the way how middle wares build IoT applications in a global and
uniform fashion. The presented approach therefore proposes an Object-Oriented distributed
middleware to set up an IoT ecosystem related to RFID-based product trace ability business
model. This paper also discusses the IoT requirements and how the proposed approach, apart
from fulfilling them, can benefit all involved parties from developers and users to companies. As
an example, goods tracking and recycle industry is used to show how IoT concepts can be
evolved from laboratories to high scale industry.
Design & Implement of Attendance System Based on

Contactless Smart IC Card
Abstract:
An Attendance Management System (AMS) based on TCP/IP protocol is designed and
realized. This paper expounds the principle of the RFID reader device in AMS, its hardware and
software design. The reader device takes ARM LM3S9B90 as the core and Philips's MFRC531
as the transceiver chip of RFID reader. In application, the system works stable and has good realtime performance.
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Application practice and analysis research of RFID

technology in digital library
Abstract:
In recent years, with the development of RFID technology and the reduction of
application cost of it, the application of RFID technology is more widely used by library in
China. And its application has brought profound changes on the library's management and daily
operation and it also provides new technical ways and means for library work. This paper
attempts to sum up the practical experience of application for library intelligence collection
system of RFID technology used in the library of Chengdu Sports University to provide
reference on introduction and application of RFID technology for other universities, especially
for small and medium-sized college library.
Determinants of RFID Technology Adoption Intention in the

Saudi Retail Industry
Abstract:
Drawing both on innovation diffusion theory and Radio frequency identification (RFID)
technology, this paper assesses the influence of a set of determinants on the intention of Saudi
Arabian retail firms to adopt RFID technology. In this study, a two-phase, multi-method
approach was used. In the first phase, an interview-based case study was used, while in the
second phase, we conducted a survey to gather data from 7 large retailers in Saudi Arabia.
Our findings indicate that while the RFID relative advantage, the top management
support and information intensity do not have any influence on the intention of Saudi Arabia
retail firms adoption for RFID technology, the firm technology competence, competitive
pressure and social issues do impact on their adoption intention. The results of the study and
related implications contribute to extend knowledge and ideas on the role of RFID technology in
the retail industry, with a specific focus on the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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A service platform for RFID technology adoption analysis in

inventory control
Abstract:
Technology adoption is a practical exercise for technology and innovation management.
Adopting an innovative technology often requires extensive intelligence research due to multiperspectives towards technologies. In this paper, we present an implementation of a service
platform for enabling such technology adoption analysis. The design principles for the service
platform are proposed to identify value indicators for perceived value evaluation for RFID
technology adoption analysis. An illustration is presented to demonstrate how to identify value
indicators in facilitating RFID adoption in inventory control.
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WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

Wireless Sensor Network Based Home Monitoring System

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Development and Assessment of a Wireless Sensor and

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Wireless and Pyroelectric Sensory Fusion System for Indoor

A Wearable Inertial Sensor Node for Body Motion Analysis

printed antenna is deliberately designed as small as possible, while maintaining a reasonable

A Wireless Sensory Feedback Device for Real-Time Gait

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Wireless Haptic Communication Under Varying Delay by

Thermoelectric Powered Wireless Sensors for Spent Fuel

Study on a Multi-Ions Sensing System for Monitoring of

Sensors-Based Wearable Systems for Monitoring of Human

Sensors for Gesture Recognition Systems

Sensor Network Based Oil well Health Monitoring and

storage/indication, data/status transmission up to the third level sensor (TLS), data/status

A Passive Radio-Frequency pH-Sensing Tag for Wireless

One-to-Multipoint Laser Remote Power Supply System for

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Cooperative Wireless Sensor Environments Supporting

Hand-Motion Crane Control Using Radio-Frequency RealTime Location Systems

Embedded System Integrated Into a Wireless Sensor

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Sensor Network Design for Smart Highways

Environmental sensor networks using existing wireless

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Designing an Adaptive Acoustic Modem for Underwater

A Context-Adaptive Multimodal WSN for Energy-Efficient

Evaluation of wireless sensor network monitoring for indoor

Distributed human tracking using pyroelectric sensor

Design and implementation of a street parking system using

Towards reliable and lightweight communication in

Performance evaluation of energy management system in

Multi-channel Wireless Mesh Networks Test-Bed with

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Energy Monitoring System Using Sensor Networks in

Modeling and analysis of a solar powered wireless sensor

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Design and implementation of industrial network

A novel cost-effective architecture and deployment strategy

Low cost weather station with remote control

Advances and challenges of wireless body area networks for

Intelligent wireless street lighting system

The water quality monitoring system based on WSN

In-building lighting management system with wireless

Design and Implementation of Wireless Obstacle Detection

Location Based Services and Museum Information Systems

A Model Driven Software Framework for Zigbee Based

Metal mine underground safety monitoring system based on

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Wireless sensor networks for fire emergency and gas

Applied application of sensor networks in underground

Application framework for wireless sensor networks

Short-range wireless communication based on AVR

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A modified wireless token ring protocol for wireless sensor

Design of an energy-saving routing protocol in wireless

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Realization of intelligence monitoring system based on

ZIGBEE BASED PROJECTS

A Zigbee-Based Wearable Physiological Parameters

Speech Codecs for High-Quality Voice over ZigBee

An Enhanced ZigBee Indoor Positioning System With an