Step 1.

Scene Survey - Scene Safety

Before you approach the victim ensure your
safety and the victim's safety.
Look UP, DOWN, LEFT and RIGHT. Go
around the victim.
Get some idea of what happened.
See if the scene is safe.

Step 2. Check for Unresponsivenesssimultaneously check for breathing

Kneel beside the victim. The victim's
shoulder should be somewhere between your
knees.
Gently tap the victim's shoulder and ask
"HEY ARE YOU OKAY?"
Also check for NO Breathing or No Normal
Breathing e.g. Gasping

Step 3. Activation of Emergency Response

System
If the Victim is unresponsive, call for help.
Get AED/ Defibrillator

Step 4. Check for the PULSE

A. Palpate for the carotid artery on the side
nearest you to check for the pulse. Do this
for no more than 10 seconds.
(1001,1002,1003...)
B. If there is no pulse, start Chest
compression:
1. Place the heel of the hand on the lower half of
the sternum in the center (middle Chest),
between the nipples.
2. Place the heel of the second hand on top of
the first so that the hands are overlapped and
parallel.
3. Position yourself properly:
Arms straight, elbows locked
Arms should be perpendicular to the
victim's body
The hip joint is the fulcrum
4.

Depress the sternum at least 2 inches (approx. 5cm)

and then allow the chest to return to its normal
position (CHEST RECOIL). Compression and chest
recoil should be equal. Perform 30 effective,
uninterrupted chest compression. The rate of chest
compression is at least 100 per minute the depth
should be at least 2 inches (5cm)

Step 5. Airway/ Rescue Breaths

A. The most common cause of obstruction in an
unconscious victim is the tongue.
Open the airway using the HEAD-TILT-CHIN-LIFT method
1. Place your hand on the victim's forehead and tilt the head
2. Place 2 fingers of your hand on the bony portion if the
victim's chin and lift the lower jaw
B. Give 2 rescue breaths after the 30 compressions
1. Maintain the airway open
2. Pinch the nose closed
3. Breath normally
4. Make a tight seal around the mouth for no more than 1
second while looking at the chest to see if there's visible
chest rise
5. Release the nose and mouth to allow for exhalation

Step 6. 30 compressions: 2 Breath cycle

Continue cycles of 30 compressions and 2 rescue breaths
until:
AED (AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR) arrives
advance airway is placed making it unsychronized CPR
there is return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)
or resuscitative efforts are termintated

Step 7. AED
Step 8. Recovery position
If the victim is already breathing
normally and has effective circulation,
but remains unresponsive, place the
victim in the recovery position
Extend the victim's arm nearest you
above the victim's head
Pull the victim on that side (Towards
you)
The position should be stable, near a
true lateral position, with the head
dependent and no pressure on the chest
to impair breathing
Monitor the victim