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Seebeck Effect
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Peltier Effect
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In 1834, a French watchmaker and part time physicist, Jean Peltier found
that an electrical current would produce a temperature gradient at the
junction of two dissimilar metals
RTG
Galileo
Launched in 1989
arrived at Jupiter on December 7, 1995
Quasicrystals
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Autoionization Analogy
heat +
As T ? h+ ?
Doping
Silicon - relative concentrations of n and p is changed by substituting impurity
atoms of similar size but with more or less valence electrons than the atom
comprising the crystal (dopants).
Water - relative concentration of [H+] and [OH-] is changed by adding acids or
bases.
Donors
n-type semiconductors
D ? D+ + e-
p-n Junction
p
n
If the two regions are connected in a circuit a variety of applications are possible.
p-n Junction
Applications
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solar cells
photodiodes
LEDs
diode lasers