5.

IMPLEMENTATION CONSTRAINTS
5.1. CONSTRAINT
A constraint is a requirement which leaves no design alternative. Implementation constraints,
rather than describing what the system will do, describe constraints on the design by which what
it is to do will be achieved. If there is no constraint in a section, e.g. the developers could use any
language they like then say so. Otherwise describe just the constraint. When referring to system
interfaces, legacy systems and databases refer to the design documentation for these. Add
important diagrams. If there is insufficient information about these external systems then
mention that this information will need to be completed for the purposes of the development of
this system.
INTRODUCTION
Usage depicts what the framework will do; expose stipulations on the outline by which what it is
to do will be accomplished. On the off chance that there is no requirement in an area, e.g. The
engineers could utilize any dialect they like then say as much. Overall expose simply the
imperative. Include essential outline. In the event that there is lacking data about these outer
frameworks then specify that this data will need to be finished for reasons of the advancement of
this framework. The accompanying stipulations we landed at for the framework.

The framework ought to be accessible over the web so that the users like the employees
and distributors can utlize the framework from their individual areas which could be any
place in the organization.

For passage into the framework the clients ought to be enrolled and ought to be capable
utilization login and passwords for access the information to their sent.

The clients outht to have the capacity to add fake records to the first information for
expanded security

The framework ought to be straightforward and composed in an organized manner the

clients ought to likewise get information asked for that happen.

There ought to be no constraint about the equipment stage that is to be utilized to run the
framework.

Information security ought to be kept up if a spillage happens the framework descends.

5.2. Java Technology

Java technology is both a programming language and a platform.
5.2.1. The Java Programming Language
Java innovation is both a programming dialect and a stage. The java programming dialect
is an abnormal state dialect that might be described by the greater part of the accompanying
tendy expressions.
Simple
Architecture unbiased
Object arranged
Portable
Distributed
High execution
Interpreted
Multithreaded
Robust
Dynamic
Secure
With most programming dialects, you either incorporate or translate a program so you can run it
on your machine. The java programming dialect its curious in that a system is both assembled
and translated with the compiler, first you make an interpretation of a project into a middle
dialect called java byte codes the stage free codes translated by the translator on the java stage.
The mediator pareses and runs every java byte code direction on the machine. Gathering happens
simply once; understanding happens each one time the project is executed . the accompanying
figure works as follows.

Fig: compiler and interpreter of java

Once we can consider java byte codes as the machine code guidelines for the java virtual
machine java VM. Each java mediator, whether its and improvement apparatus or a web program
that can run applets, is an execution of the java VM. Java byte codes help make compose once,
run any place conceivable. You can gather your project into byte codes on any stage that has a
java compiler. The byte codes can then be run on any usage of the java VM. That implies that the
length of a machine has a java VM, the same system composed in the java programming dialect
can run on windows 2000, a solaris workstation or on an imac.
The java platform
A stage is the fitting s or programming environment in which a system runs. We have officially
specified the absolute most prominent stages like windows 2000, linux, solaaris, and macos.
Most stages could be portrayed as a blending of the working framework and fittings . the java
stage varies from most different stages in that its a product just srtage that runs on top of other
fittings based stages.

Fig: java is a platform independent

The java stage has two parts
1. The java virtual machine(java VM)
2. The java application programming interface(java API)
Highlights what usefulness a percentage of the bundles in the java API give. The accompanying
figure portays a program that is running on the java stage. As the figure demonstrate, the java
API and the virtual machine project the system from the equipment.

Fig: working of java platform

Local code wil be code that after you order it, the accumulated code runs on a particular fittings
stage. As a stage natures turf, the java stage could be a bit slower than local code. On the other
hand, keen compiles, decently tuned mediators , and without a moment to spare byte code
comilers can bring execution near that of local code without debilitating convey ability.
What java can exactly do:
The most widely recognize sorts of projects composed in the java programming dialect are
applets and applications. On the off chance that you have secured the web, you are presumably
effectively acquainted with applets. A fruit is a program that holds fast to specific traditions that
permit it to run inside a java empowered program.
Java had deep effect on internet. Because java use objects which move easily in
cyberspace. In network the transactions will takes place between server and personal computer
so here security and probability will makes major role. To achieve probability and security java
using new type of programming called Applets.

The difference between application and applet is application will run in computer under
its operating system. But applet is a tiny program that will transmit through internet and it is
executed by java web browser. And applet will download dynamically just like a image but it is
intelligent program. It will react to the user actions dynamically.
Advantages of java are robustness, performance and portability. Achieves portability by
means of Java Virtual Machine by compiling byte code, then which will interpret on any
platform in runtime environment. Java is a dynamic system able to load code in to machine
through internet when it needed. Fundamentally it is a programming language to execute
applications by witting applets.
Code Compilation
One of the main features of java programming is portability which means the program
which is developed in machine can use in any other systems need not to depend on machine
environment. Because java compiler will creates machine code for Java Virtual Machine. This
java virtual machine will execute machine code so it becomes easy to use program in any
environment.
How does the API help all these sorts of projects? It does so with bundles of programming
segments that gives an extensive variety of usefulness.

Essentials

Internationalization

Begin rapidly

Compose less code

Compose better code

Create programs additionally

Maintain a strategic distance from stage conditions with 100% pure java

Compose once, run any place

Appropriate programming all the more effortlessly

Essentials
Items, strings , numbers, enter and yield, information structures, framework properties, date and
time, etc.
Internationalization
Help for composing projects that could be limited for clients around the world. Projects can
consequently adjust to particular districts and be shown in the suitable dialect.
Begin rapidly
Despite the fact that the java programming dialect is an effective article situated dialect, its of
difficult to learn particularly for software engineers officially acquainted with C or C++.
Java database connectivity
JDBC is a java API for executing SQL proclamations. (as a purpose of investment, JDBC is a
trademarked name and is not an acronym, by and by .JDBC is frequently considered remaining
for java database connectivity. It comprises of a set of classes and interfaces composed in the
java programming dialect. JDBC gives a standard API to apparatus database designers and
makes it conceivable to compose database applications utilizing an unadulterated java API.
Utilizing JDBC, it is not difficult to send SQL explatons to essentially any social database. One
can compose a solitary system utilizing the JDBC API, and the project will have the capacity to
send SQL proclamations to the suitable database. The mixes of java and JDBC lets a software
engineer keep in touch with it once and run it anyplace.

JDBC makes it conceivable to do three things

Establish and association with a database
Send sql explanations
Process the results
The JDBC givew database free integration between the j2ee stage and an extensive variety of
even information sources. JDBC innovation permits an application component provider to

Perform association and confirmation to a database server Manager transactions Move sql
proclamations to a database motor for preprocessing and execution Executed put away strategies
Inspect and change the result from selection

Fig: Open database connectivity

Microsoft open database connectivity is a standard programming interface for application
designers and database frameworks suppliers. Before ODBC turned into an accepted standard for
windows projects to interface with database frameworks, software engineers nedded to utilize
exclusive sialects for every database framework practically, ODBC has settled on the decision
of the database framework practically in ought to be. Application designers have considerably
more critical things to stress over than the punctuation that is required to port their project
starting with one database then onto the next when business needs of a sudden change.
JDBC Goals
Only some of the s/w packages are designed without goals in mind. JDBC is one that, because
of its many goals, drove the development of the API. These goals, in conjuction with early
reviewer feedback, have finalized the JDBC class library into a solid framework for building
database application in java. The seven design goals for JDBC are as follows.
1. SQL level API

2. SQL conformance
3. JDBC must be implemental on top of common database interfaces
4. Provide a java interface that is consistent with the rest of the java system
5. Keep it simple
6. Use strong, static typing wherever possible
7. Keep the common cases simple
Servlet and JSP technology
Servlet and Jsps are used to divide the business logic and presentation logic. In servlets
we can write business logic and In jsps we can write presentation logic.
A Servlets Job
Servlets is a java program which provides the implementation of Servlets_API. In
servlets we can write the business logic. Every server contain servlet container run run the
servlets programs.
1. Receive the data from the client:
The end users enters the data in the form(HTML form). The data will be send to the
server through the network.
2. Check the data that is receive from the browser:
Check the data that is received from the data browser. The data will be stored in the
database.
3. Generate the results:
First we enter the details or any data that is first computed or manipulate the data and
then send the results to the first to the http reponse and then to the browser.
4.Send the data to the clent from the server:
After manipulating the data, the data will be send to the client. The data will be received
from the browser by http request and the data will be send to the http response.
5. Send the response to the data:

After manipulating the data, the data will be send to the client. The data will be received
from the browser by http request and the data will be send to the http response.
JSP
Theoretically speaks we can write jsp program without java knowledge. But, practically
speaks it is not possible. In jsp we can write the presentation logic and small business logics.
According to the response given by the web client request software designers to
vigorously produce HTML, XML or new type of documents. In java technology all the java code
and definite predefined functions are implanted into the fixed content by using this technology.
This syntax enhances extra XML tags called JSP actions. These are used to raise built in
functions. IN addition this permit to create JSP tag documents which works as expansion to the
standard HTML or XML tags. In order to extend the ability of the web server tag documents are
provided in a flat form independent way.
The compilers compile the JSPs into java servlets. The java code generated by the JSP
compiler is then accumulated by the compiler or the servlet produces the byte code directly. JSPs
can also be understood on-the-fly plummeting the time taken to refill variations.
JSP technology delivers a shortened, firm method to generate vigorous web information.
For the rapid increase of web-based appearances which are server and platform-independent will
be permitted by this technology.
Structural design of JSP

Fig
4.2.2.3.3: Structural design of JSP

SERVLETS
INTRODUCTION
The java web server is a java soft web server. The java web server is simply a piece of a
bigger system, proposed to give you a web server , as well as with instruments. To
assemble altered system servers for any internet or intranet customer/server framework.
Servlets are to a web server, how applets are to the program.

NETWORKING

TCP/IP stack

The TCP/IP stack is smaller than the OSI one:

TCP is a connection-oriented protocol; UDP is a user Datagram Protocol this is a

connectionless protocol.

IP datagarams

The IP layer provides a unreliable and connection less deleivery system. It considers each
datagram independently of the others. The IP layer supplies a checksum that includes its own
header. The header includes the source and destination address. Here the IP address handling the
routing with the internet. This one is responsible for breaking the large datagram into smaller
ones for broadcasting and reordering at the another end.

UDP
User datagram protocol is a connectionless and unreliable protocol. It add the IP check sum for
contents of port number and datagrams. These are used to give the client and server model .
TCP
TCP provisions logic to give a consistent connection-oriented protocol above IP. It provides a
virtual circuit that two processes can use to communicate.
Internet addresses
In order to use a service, you must be able to find it. The Internet uses an address method for
machinery so that they can be placed. The address is a 32 bit integer which gives the
InternteProtocol address. This encodes a network ID and more addressing. The network ID falls
into various classes according to the size of the network address.
Network address
Class A uses 8 bits for the network address with 24 bits left over for other addressing. Class B
uses 16 bit network addressing. Class C uses 24 bit network addressing and class D uses all 32.
Subnet address
on the inside, the UNIX network is divided into sub networks. Building 11 is currently on one
sub network and uses 10-bit addressing, allowing 1024 different hosts.

Host address
8 bits are finally used for host addresses within our subnet. This places a limit of
256 machines that can be on the subnet.

AWT
AWT is the acronym of Abstract Window Toolkit.
Introduction:
GUI (Graphical User Interface) is a mediator (translator) between the end user and the Form : It
is a collection of GUIs designed for one specific purpose.
* In order to display GUI outputs, we have another program (similar to the console) provided by
the local os. This program is windows.
* The theory behind the creation of GUIs is as follows.
* The functionality of the constructor of the class, whose GUI is to be created, is to create that
particular GUI.
Disadvantages of AWT :
(i) The AWT programs increase the overhead on the JVM.
(ii) The make java to be platform dependent.
* The above disadvantages are over-come in Swings

Border Layout:
* According to the specifications of the Border Layout, the container area will be divided into
five parts as shown in the fig.
* The Border Layout class has some static constants to refer to these areas as Border Layout.
SOUTH e.t.c.
Flow Layout:
* According to this layout, the container will be divided into rows and columns depending upon
the components and their size.
* When we start adding components to the frame according to Flow Layout, then, the
components would be added row-wise i.e. first row column-1, column-2, e.t.c.

NETBEANS
The Net Beans platform is a reusable schema for improving the advancement of java swing
desktop applications. The Net Beans IDE pack for java SE contains what is required to begin
creating Net Beans module and Net Beans platform based applications. Net beans is a

coordinated nature(IDE) for creating basically with java additionally with HTML and C/C++ and
php.
Engineers from the java development kit (JDK) group have worked nearly with designers from
the net beans group to make an overall adjusted advancement experience for java engineers in
net beans IDE. Net beans presents help for new JDK dialect gimmicks, for example, the
precious stone grammar for constructors, strings in switch and multicast.
When you utilize these builds within your code, net beans remembers them, offers right classes
in code finish, effectively highlights lapses, and gives you a chance to consequently re locates. It
gives inherent backing for creating in java, XML and HTML. Whats more this creator
particularly loves the backing for altering jsps including grammer highlighting, HTML label
finish, JSP label fruition , and java code fulfillment.
Futures and Tools
The Net beans IDE has numerous peculiarities and instruments for each of the java stages. Those
in the accompanying rundown are not constrained to the java stage yet are helpful for building,
sending applications and applets.
Peculiarities of Net-Beans are

User interface administration

User settings administration

Storage administration

Window administration

Wizard skeleton

Net-beans visual library

Integrated advancement devices

DATABASE SUPPORT
Database blueprint scanning to see the tables, and put away strategies characterized in a
database. Database composition alters utilizing wizards. Information perspective to see

information put away in tables.SQL order execution helps you to compose and execute more
confounded. SQL migration of table definitions crosswise over databases from distinctive sellers.
The Net-beans IDE likewise gives full-emphasized refactoring devices, which permit you to
rename and move classes, fields, and strategies and change strategy parameters. You get a
debugger and ant-based features.