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1
. = 4,9 S.mm  C = 10 mol/L    
 
  
 
: 

-3
2
-1
(CH3COO ) = 4,1 .10 S.m .mol
(H3O+) = 35.10-3 S.m2.mol-1
Ke = 10-14
: )#$ "#$& #'(

+
0 = (CH3COO ) + (H3O )
. / 
   - . ) # -1
:;< 3# 8> (3" CH3COOH/CH3COO 4 KA 6 #"7 8 34 -2
.C  

.;# )> C 0 (3" :;< 3# 8> 8 34 -3

.KA )> -4
. 
pH )> -5
.;">  
/    

 
-" -6
. "
34
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I >)  -7
-1

-3

2
C6H5COOH  <8  S0 
- V0 =100mL M   - 150mL K J6
.C1  S1 
KN O&</ C0 = 2,5.10-2mol.L-1 
.pH=3,1 : S1 
pH KN
.S1 
C1 # >) -1
. / Q< . ) # JR   <8  -" -2
.S1  
/ 1 :;< 3# 8>  34 -3
. C6H5COOH/ C6H5COO 4 KA 6 #"7 )> -4
. S1  
/ (C6H5COO C6H5COOH )-; :$
" <
4 S 3 -5
.S0  
/ 0 3# 8>  34 -6
.:;< 3# 8> KN 
JWX 7. 3 -7

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3
 ) Y  - m=88mg #
$ZI" )/ C6H8O6 Q#[ (acide ascorbique: vitamine C
 - V= 100mL \M
 KN O&</ S .pH = 3,2
-1>)  
. C
-2 )#  3N "  -
$ZI" .
-3`_ 34 3# ;Y  ONW# 3 3# .xmax K&I
-4  343# <;. x f :
-5 / a#<#Z   ONW# 3 >)  > 83# <;. :
-6>)  #"7
#.

4
c - Va = 1,2 L M ) Y 
;3 - # / -4
 KN O&</  S1

$ 3  . V1 = 1L QM

" Y'. - V=10 mL M  Z
S1  4
 / QcW  
# 500mL d/ -
/38  - 250mL KN  . 
& J6 \7 QN O3 Q M 
   g K# fX

 K fX 
/ O&</ 4
 KN 'I  S2 C2

. 2 = 0,043 S.m-1 Q#
-1 )# c ONW 
;3 g -4.
-2>) # .C2
-3 8 )#

 2 (3" S2
 
 
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-6 O -" ONW# c 
;3 -4 3
4 ON".
:
-1
 \M
 [ .Vm=24L.mol :
3M .Ke = 10-14 :
I
(H3O+) = 35 .10-3 S.m2.mol-1
(Cl) = 7,6.10-3 S.m2.mol-1

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%&
1
-1
CH 3COOH ( aq ) + H 2O( l )

( aq )

CH 3COO

+ H 3O

+
( aq )

x f .xmax .CV
=
=
= C
V
V
V
CV x f
x
[CH 3COOH ]eq =
= C f = C C = C (1 )
V
V

:< 3 -2

[ H 3O + ]eq = [CH 3COO ]eq =

KA =

KA =

: \

[ H 3O ]eq .[CH 3COO ]eq

[CH 3COOH ]eq

C
(C )
=
C (1 ) 1
2

:< 3 -3

= ( H 3O )[ H 3O ]eq + (CH 3COO )[CH 3COO ]eq

: [ H 3O + ]eq = [CH 3COO ]eq : "
= ( ( H 3O + ) + (CH 3COO ))[ H 3O + ]eq = 0 [ H 3O + ]eq
:< 3
+
[ H 3O ]eq = C
:

= 0 [ H 3O + ]eq = 0C =
+

0C

-3

4,9.10
0,125
39,1.10 3.1

.1- $ ) +,-. /0 :'

KA =

KA =

C
1

:< 3 -4

10 3 (0,125) 2
= 1,79.10 5
1 0,125

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pH = log([ H 3O ]eq ) = log(C ) = log(1,2510 ) = 3,9

+

:< 3 -5

:) &3 -6
: k/ \ - J&< - O 8><" ( $W# \ 
   <0,5 "
n(CH 3COOH ) eq > n(CH 3COO ) eq [CH 3COOH ]eq > [CH 3COO ]eq
:$4 3
:< 3

[CH 3COO ]eq

pH = pK A + log

[
CH
COOH
]
3
eq

: pH < pK A "
[CH 3COO ]eq
< 0 [CH 3COO ]eq < [CH 3COOH ]eq
log

[CH 3COOH ]eq

:44 3
:< 3

[CH 3COO ]eq

=
= 0,14 < 1
[CH 3COOH ]eq 1
:
[CH 3COO ]eq < [CH 3COOH ]eq

-7
[ H 3O ]eq = [CH 3COO ]eq = C = 1,25.10 mol.L
+

:< 3

[CH 3COOH ]eq = C [CH 3COO ]eq = 8,75.10 4 mol.L1

Ke
10 14
[ HO ] =
=
= 8.10 11 mol.L1
+
4
[ H 3O ]eq 1,25.10

2
:< 3 -1
C1V1 = C0V0 C1 =

C0V
V1

:
C1 =

2,5.10 .0,1
= 10 2 mol.L1
0,25

:< 3 -2

pH = 3,1 [ H 3O ] = 10
+

pH

= 10 = 7,94.10 mol.L
.JR   <8 / [ H3O+]<C1 "
3,1

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: / - .#
C6 H 5COOH ( aq ) + H 2O( l )

C6 H 5COO

( aq )

+ H 3O

+
( aq )

:< 3 -3

1 =

[C6 H 5COO ]eq

C

[ H 3O ]eq
C

7,94.10
= 7,94.102 = 7,94%
2
10
:< 3 -4

KA =

[C6 H 5COO ]eq [ H 3O ]eq

[C6 H 5COOH ]eq

pKA = 4,17 pH = 3,1

+ 2
eq

[ H 3O ]

C [ H 3O ]eq
+

(7,94) .10
= 6,8.10 5
2
4
10 7,94.10
:< 3 -5

: "

[C6 H 5COO ]eq

<0
pH pK A = log

[
]
C
H
COOH
eq
6 5
. <8
 -; :$<
/ \ - [C6 H 5COOH ]eq > [C6 H 5COO ]eq :
:< 3 :S0  
8#N" -6
+
[H3O ]eq = C00
:)#$ Y$

+
+ 2
2
[C H COO ]eq [ H 3O ]eq
[ H 3O ]eq
C
KA = 6 5
=
= 0 0
+
[C6 H 5COOH ]eq
C0 [ H 3O ]eq 1 0
:  43 -  KN O& \ -
2
C0 0 + K A 0 K A = 0
= K A2 + 4C0 K A

KA +
01 =
2C0

= K A
02
2C0

:
 3
 O K8 02 < 0 "
K A + 6,8.10 5 + (6,8) 2 .10 10 + 4 * 2,5.10 2 * 6,8.10 5
0 = 01 =
=
0,05
2C0
2 * 2,510 2
. 
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3
:< 3 -1
C=

n(C 6 H 8O6 )
m(C 6 H 8O6 )
=
V
M (C 6 H 8O6 ).V

C=

0,088
= 5.103 mol.L1
176 * 0,1
-2

C6 H 8O6 ( aq ) + H 2O( l )

6 ( aq )

C6 H 7 O

+ H 3O

+
( aq )

-3
C6 H 8O6 ( aq ) +

H 2O( l )

6 ( aq )

C6 H 7 O

(mol)  
CV=5.10-4
CV-x
CV- x f

/
"
/
"
/
"

+
( aq )

H 3O

:$
: 3#
x(mol)
0
x
xf



:38
x
ONW# S'
xf
:;<
:"
$ZI
 3 ONW# :K&I 3#
-4
CV-xmax=0 xmax = CV = 5.10 mol.
:< 3 -4
x
[ H 3O + ]eq = [C6 H 7O6 ]eq = f
V
:
+
pH
x f = V .[ H 3O ] = V .10
:
3 , 2
5
x f = 0,1 *10 = 6,310 mol
.3 ONW# x f < xmax " -5
x
= f
xmax
:
5
6,3.10
=
= 0,126
5.10 4
:< 3 -6

+
+ 2
[C H O ] [ H O ]eq
[ H 3O ]eq
K = 6 7 6 eq 3
=
[C6 H 8O6 ]eq
C [ H 3O + ]eq
0
x
xf

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K=

(6,3) 2 .10 8
= 9,2.10 5
3
4
5.10 6,3.10

4
:ONW#  -1
HCl + H 2O H 3O + Cl
+

-2
:JWX# N <7 < 3
C1V = C 2V2 C2 =

C1V
V2

:< 3
C1 =

n( HCl ) V ( HCl )
V
1,2
=
= a =
= 5.10 2 mol.L1
V1
Vm .V1
Vm .V1 24 *1

:
C2 =

C1V 5.10 *10

=
= 2.10 3 mol.L1
V2
0,25

:< 3 -3

2 = ( H 3O ).[ H 3O ] + (Cl ).[Cl ]

+

-4
: :$ ONW# W
 3M KN #N a#<#>
[Cl ] = [ H 3O + ]

2 = ( ( H 3O ) + (Cl )).[ H 3O ]
+

[ H 3O + ] = [Cl ] =

:#"

( H 3O + ) + (Cl )
:

0,0852
= 2mol.m 3 = 2.10 3 mol.L1
3
42,6.10
Ke
10 14

[ HO ] =
=
= 5.10 12 mol.L1
+
3
[ H 3O ] 2.10
[ H 3O + ] = [Cl ] =

< 3 -5

12

[ HO ] [ HO ] 5.10
=
=
= 2,5.10 9 << 1
+

3
[ H 3O ] [Cl ] 2.10
. "
34
#' I
 I  O; 3>3;
#/
. ONW# [ H 3O + ] = C2 lS -6

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