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Department of Geological Engineering, College of Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and
Technology, University Post Office, Kumasi, Ghana.
2
Geodita Resources Limited, P. O. Box TF 67, Trade Fair, Accra, Ghana.
Accepted 17 May, 2013
The principle of mobile metal ion geochemistry analysis for soil samples taken from Essase
Concession in Nkawkaw of the Eastern Region Ghana, during geochemical survey had accurately and
sharply delineated target gold mineralization. Observations suggested that preferentially most metals
(Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu, and As) including gold (Au) were located in the top 22 cm of the profile below the
interface giving clearly an optimum sampling depth. Using the determined threshold of 3.1 ppm for Au,
a broad anomalous zone was delineated with four strong anomalous (> 4.8 ppm) areas within the broad
anomalous zone clearly outlined to suggest accurate location of surface or the sub-surface primary
mineralization. The strong anomalous areas suggested signatures of structural corridor hosting the
gold mineralization which appear to strike in two directions NNE SSW and NE SW. Mineralization
style was inferred to be structurally controlled. The response ratios show that Ni, Pb, Zn and Cu have
high concentrations and correlate well with Au on the concession, therefore they could serve as
pathfinders in search for Au in that geochemical environment.
Key words: Mineral deposits, mobile metal ions, anomalous zone, structural corridor, primary mineralization.
INTRODUCTION
Geochemical exploration is based on two characteristics
of mineral deposit: An association with anomalous
concentrations of chemical elements within primary halos
in the surrounding rock and an association with
secondary dispersal patterns of chemical elements in the
surficial products of their weathering and erosion. The
objective of exploration geochemistry is therefore to
delineate geochemical signatures related to the
mineralisation. However, gross oversimplification of past
survey procedures and interpretive methods have often
had a serious negative impact on the effective use of
geochemical methods in exploration. Failures in resolving
148
149
150
Elements
Count
Min (ppb)
Max (ppb)
Median
Average
Std. Dev.
Detection limit (ppb)
Background (ppb)
Percentiles
25
50
75
90
95
97.5
Ni
498
11
2660
203.5
203
202
5
122.5
Te
498
9
20
9
9
9
10
9
Zn
498
19
12200
250
250
250
20
170
Au
498
0.1
25.1
1.4
1.4
1.4
0.1
0.9
As
498
9
100
9
9
9
10
9
Bi
498
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
Cu
498
9
8140
995
1000
1000
10
600
Pb
498
9
2710
225
230
230
10
92.5
122.5
203.5
385.8
667.5
944.6
1325.8
9
9
9
9
9
9
170
250
390
603
841.5
1430.8
0.9
1.4
2.1
3.1
4.1
4.8
9
9
9
20
40
60
1
1
1
1
1
1
600
995
1550
2080
2543
3070
92.5
225
447.5
801.5
801.5
961.5
RESULTS
Statistical MMI analytical data of the analyzed multielements in ppb, their detection limits, as well as
percentile (25th, 50th, 90th, 95th, and 97.5th) values are
presented in Table 1.
Gold (Au) has a minimum value of 0.1 ppb and a
maximum of 25.0 ppb, averaging 1.4 ppb. The background value has been selected as the 25th percentile
value of 0.9 ppb with the high background population
th
ranging from the 75 percentile value of 2.1 ppb to below
th
the 90 percentile. The 90th percentile value of 3.1 ppb
gives the threshold, above which the anomalous values
th
occur with values above 97.5 percentile 4.8 ppb being
considered strong anomalies.
Stacked graphs of calculated ratios (RR) for analysed
elements (gold inclusive) to allow ease comparison
based on sampling lines are presented in Appendix 1;
contour maps of the elements RR are presented in
Appendix 2. Calculated response ratios (RR) data for the
individual elements can be obtained from authors on
request. Response ratios were calculated for each element using the suggested procedure in SGS Technical
Bulletin TB19 (2005) because the contrast between
anomaly and background can vary depending on the
environmental conditions. The lowest quartile (25%) of
the data for that element is selected, including results that
151
152
surface cover.
Over the past three decades, the gold mining sector in
Ghana has been an increasingly important sector for
poverty alleviation nationally. Mining activities in general,
which take place in numerous regions of the country, play
a significant role both as a direct source of employment in
mining communities and in generating additional jobs and
revenues in the rural economy. The location of Essase
concession stands to enhance the livelihood of
communities within its environs with the discovery and
establishment of a producing mine by bringing development infrastructure (road networks, schools, electricity,
portable water, better healthcare facilities, etc.) and job
opportunities for both skilled and unskilled labour.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to express their gratitude to the
management and owners of Esaase concession for the
kind permission to use the MMI-M data for this
publication.
REFERENCES
Cameron EM, Hamilton SM, Leybourne MI, Hall GEM, McClenaghan
MB (2004). Finding deeply buried deposits using geochemistry,
Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis. 4:7-32.
Dickson KB, Benneh G (1988). A New Geography of Ghana, Longman
Group Ltd., London.
Hamilton SM (2000). Spontaneous potentials and electrochemical cells,
in Geochemical remote sensing of the sub-surface, Hale, M. &
Govett, G.J.S, eds, Handbook of Exploration Geochemistry, Elsevier,
Amsterdam. 7:81-119.
Heikkinen P (2000). Haitta-aineiden sitoutuminen ja kulkeutuminen
maaperss. Report of Investigation 150. Geological Survey of
Finland, Espoo. P. 74.
http://www.sgs.com/~/media/Global/Documents/Case%20Studies/SGSMIN-WA156-Lefa%20Gold%20Project-EN-11.
Kabata-Pendias A (2000). Trace elements in soils and plants. 3rd
edition. CRC Press.Boca Raton, Florida. P. 413.
Kelley DL, Cameron EM, Southam G (2004). Secondary geochemical
dispersion through transported overburden. Society of Economic
Geologists 2004 Perth. Extended Abstracts Volume.
Kelley DL, Hall GEM, Closs LG, Hamilton IC, McEwen RM (2002). The
use of partial extraction geochemistry for copper exploration in
northern Chile, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis.
3:85-104.
Kesse GO (1985). The Mineral and Rock Resources of Ghana, A. A.
Balkema Press, Rotterdam.
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Line 1
APPENDIX
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Line 1
Line 1
Line 1
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
9 10 11 12 13
23 24Cu
25 26Pb
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Ni14 15
Te 16 17
Zn 18 19
Au 20 21
As 22 Bi
Sample
Points
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
Sample
Points
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Sample Points
5.00
0.00
0.00
41 42
31
42
31
42
31
31
42
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
RatiosRatios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elemets
Elemets
Elemets
Elemets
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
RatiosRatios
Ratios Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
50.00
60.00
80.00
45.00
90.00
30.00
40.00
70.00
60.00
80.00
40.00
90.00
50.00
45.00
25.00
35.00
60.00
30.00
60.00
90.00
70.00
80.00
40.00
50.00
45.00
30.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
20.00
30.00
35.00
25.00
80.00
60.00
70.00
40.00
25.00
45.00
50.00
40.00
40.00
30.00
30.00
15.00
70.00
50.00
20.00
60.00
35.00
20.00
30.00
25.00
40.00
20.00
30.00
25.00
40.00
30.00
15.00
40.00
60.00
50.00
35.00
25.00
10.00
30.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
25.00
10.00
30.00
30.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
15.00
5.00
15.00
10.00
20.00
5.00
10.00
20.00
25.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
30.00
10.00
10.00
15.00
0.00
0.001
15.00
20.00
0.00
20.00
10.00
5.00
30.00
10.00
20.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
15.00 1
0.00
10.00
20.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
1
5.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
1
10.00
0.00
5.00
0.00
5.00 1
0.00
0.00 0.00 1
0.00
0.00
1
100.00 1
42
36
35
36
40 41
4
4
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Sample
Points
Line
1
Line
2
Line
3As
Au
Line2
1
Line
Line
3
Line2
1
Line
Line 3
Zn
Bi
Cu
Pb
Bi
Cu
Pb
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Sample
Points
Sample Points
14 15 16 17 18 19
10 11 12 13
Sample
Points
9 Ni
10 11
13 14
16
Te 12 Zn
Au15
As 17Bi18
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
19
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Cu 20 Pb
Sample
Points
9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22
23 24Cu
25 26Pb
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Ni
Ni
Te TeZn ZnAu Au As As Bi Bi Cu
Pb
8
Line 2
13 14 15 16
10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
Sample
Points
5
6
7
8
5
6
7
8
4
5
65 76 8 7 9
8
4 5 5 66 7
7
8
4
5
65 76 8 7 9
8
4 5 5 66 7
7
8
4
5
65 76 8 7 9
4
10 11 12
Line 3
2
Sample
Line 5 Points
Line
2
Line
3
Zn
Au
As
Cu
Line
4
Au
Bi Bi Cu
LineAs2
5
Line
Line 3
4
Line
Line 5
Line 3
Line 5
ZnLine
Au
As
Bi
Cu
4
TeTe TeZnZn
Au
AsAs
BiBi
Cu
Au Points
Cu
Sample
NiNi
Ni
10.00
0.00
Ni
Ni
Te
Te
Zn
30 31 32 33
33 34 35 36
29 34
30 35
3136
33
30
32 36
33
33 31
34 35
29
30
3136
33 34 35
30
32 36
33
33 31
34 35
29 34
30 35
3136
33
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
Sampling
points
55
66
77
88
99
Points
10
14
16
17
20
21
22 23
23 24
24 25
25 26
26 27
27 28
28 29
29 30
30 31
31 32
32 33
33 34
34 35
35 36
36
Ni
Zn
Au
Bi
Cu22
Pb
Sampling
Points
10 11
11 12
12 13
13Te
14 15
15
16Sampling
17 18
18As19
20 21
41
Sampling
Points
Sampling
points
Sampling
Points
Zn 16
Bi
Cu22
Pb
Te
Zn15
Au
BiBi
Pb 23
10 Ni
11NiNi
12Te
13Te14
17 As
18As19
20 Cu
21
Zn
AuAu
As
Cu
Pb 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
11
1514
16 15
17
18
2220
23 24
2825
29 26
30 31
3531
36 37
4136
Sampling
Points
10 12
11 13
1214
13
16 19
1720
182119
21 25
22 26
2327
24
27 32
2833
293430
32 38
33 39
3440
35
Sampling
points
Zn
Au
As19
Pb 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Te
Zn 16
Au
As
BiBi
Cu
Pb 23
10 11 Ni
12Ni 13Te
14 15
17 18
20nts
21Cu22
Sampling
Poi
11
12
13 14
1514
16
17 18
20
22
23Cu
24
25
26
27
2825
29 26
30 31
32
33
3430
3531
36 37
38
39
40
4136
Points
Zn
Au19
As2119
Bi
Cu
Pb
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Pb
10 Ni
11Ni12 Te
13
15Sampling
16
17
18
20
21
22
23
24
27
28
29
32
33
34
35
Sampling points
1011
1112
1213
1314
1415
15
16
17
18
19
22
25
37 39
38 40
39 41
40
55 66 77 88 99 10
16
17
18
19
2020
2121
22
2323
2424
25
2626
2727
2828
2929
3030
3131
32 32
33 33
34 34
35 35
36 36
37 38
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
30.00
35.00
40.00
1 2 2 33 44 5
5 66 77 8 8 9 10
9
1 2 2 33 44 5
66 77 8 89 10
5
9
Line 8
Line 8
Ni
25.00
40.00
30.00
35.00
90.00
25.00
20.00
30.00
100.00
35.00
25.00
80.00
30.00
20.00
15.00
90.00
70.00
30.00
25.00
30.00
20.00
25.00
100.00
80.00
10.00
60.00
15.00
30.00
90.00
25.00
15.00
25.00
20.00
20.00
100.00
70.00
50.00
5.00
80.00
10.00
90.00
20.00
25.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
15.00
60.00
90.00
50.00
60.00
Te
Line
7 Points
Line 6
Sampling
Zn Line
Au
As
Bi nts
Cu
8 Poi
Sampling
Pb
10 Ni
11Ni12 Te
13
15 16
18
20 Cu
21
Zn
Au 17 As
As 19
Cu22
Pb 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Te 14
Zn
Au
BiBi
Pb 23
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
Sampling Points
Ni Ni Te
Zn
Au
As BiBi CuCu Pb Pb
Te
Zn
Au
As
Line 8
Line
Line
Line
Line
Line
Line
7
6
7
6
7
6
70.00
80.00
90.00
60.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
90.00
70.00
60.00
80.00
50.00
50.00
30.00
40.00
80.00
60.00
70.00
50.00
40.00
40.00
20.00
70.00
50.00
30.00
60.00
30.00
40.00
40.00
60.00
50.00
30.00
10.00
20.00
20.00
30.00
30.00
50.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
10.00
10.00
20.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
30.00
10.00
20.00
40.00
20.00
30.00
10.00
20.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
1
1
1
1
0.00
90.00
80.00
90.00
90.00
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
10 11 Ni
12 13Te14 15
17 18As19 Bi
20 21Cu22 23
Zn 16 Au
Pb 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
0.00
30.00
100.00
100.00
Pb
Pb
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
35.00
40.00
Pb
Pb
Pb
Ni 12Te13 Zn
Au 16As
Bi
Cu 20Pb
Sampling
points
9 10 11
14 Sample
15
17Points
18
19
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
8910 10
91111
10
11
13 16
14 17
1518
161917
19
21 25
22 26
2327242825
Ni
Zn15
Au
As
Bi
12Te
13 12
14
20 18
21Cu
22 20
23Pb
24
29 26
30 27
31 28
32
Sample
Points
Sampling
Poi
nts
Ni 11
Te
Zn Zn
Au
As
Bi 19
Cu
Pb 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
Ni
Te
Au 16
Bi
Cu
Pb
9 10
10
12
13
14
15
17Points
18
21
Te
Au
As
Bi 20
Cu
Pb
9
11Ni
12
13
14 Zn
15 Sample
16
17 As
18
19
2120
22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
Sampling
points
810 911 10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
12 13 14 15 16
17 18 6
19
20 nts
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
Line
Sampling
Poi
Sample
Points
Ni
Te12 13
Zn 14 Au
As
Bi
Cu 21
Pb
9 10
10 11
11
15
17Points
18
19
24 27
25 28
2629273028
9
13
15
16
17 4
18
19
2120
22
24 23
25 26
31 29
32
Ni12
Te 14Zn
Au 16
As
Bi 20
Cu
Pb 23 22
Line
Sample
Sampling
points
Te
Au
Bi
Cu
Pb 24
810 9Ni
11
12
13
14
15As
1619
17
19
21 25
22 26
2327242825
Zn 16
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb20
11 10
12Ni
13 Te
14Zn15
17
18
20 18
21
22
23
29 26
30 27
31 28
32
Sampling
Poi
nts
Sample
Points
Ni
Te Te Zn Zn Au
As
Bi CuCu Pb Pb
Ni
Au
As 6
Bi
Line
Sample
Points
Sampling
points
Ni
Te Te Zn Zn Au
As
Bi CuCu Pb Pb
Ni
Au
As
Bi
Line
4
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As 6 Bi
Cu
Pb
Line
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi CuCu Pb Pb
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18Sampling
19 20 21 22Points
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
10.00
Line 4
10.00
0.00
Sample
Points
Sample
Points
Ni
Te12
Zn
Au
Bi
Pb
76 8 7 9 8
10 11
14
15 16
17
18
19
20As
21
2319
24Cu
25 26
27
28 23
29 30
33 27
34 35
3730
38 31
39 40
42
9 12
101311
13
14
15
16
1722
18
20
21
22
24 31
253226
2836
29
3241
33
Te
ZnAu
Au As As
Cu
Pb
Sample
Te
Zn13
Bi Bi18Cu
Pb
6
7
8
9Ni 10Ni
11 12
14Sample
15 16Points
17
19
20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Points
Sample
Points
7 8 9 10 11 12
17 18
19
20As
21 22
23 24Cu
25 26 Pb
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Ni 13 14
Te15 16
Zn
Au
Bi
6
5
Sampling Points
1
80.00
Sampling Points
90.00
60.00
Line47
56
Line
Line
Line
Line45
Line
Line 7
Line 5
Line
7
0.00
5.00
0.00
20.00
0.00
0.00
2
2 3 3 4 45
3
2
3
4
2
3
112 2
3 3
4
12 23 3 4
1 2 23 3
4
12 23 3 4
1 2 23 3
4
10.00
40.00
0.00
1 2 3 4
5.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
0.00
30.00
10.00
20.00
11 22 33 44
1 2
2 3
3 4
4
5.00
1
atios
Ratios
RatiosRatios
se
Response
tsponse
35
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
RatiosRatios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
36
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios Ratios
esponse
Response
Response
Response
nts
lements
Elements
35
Te
Line 7
5
Line
100.00
80.00
80.00
30.00
90.00
90.00
30.00
70.00
100.00
70.00
80.00
25.00
60.00
80.00
30.00
90.00
90.00
25.00
100.00
70.00
30.00
50.00
60.00
80.00
90.00
20.00
90.00
70.00
30.00
80.00
60.00
25.00
40.00
20.00
70.00
30.00
25.00
80.00
50.00
50.00
30.00
30.00
15.00
80.00
60.00
60.00
70.00
25.00
20.00
70.00
15.00
30.00
40.00
20.00
25.00
20.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
50.00
25.00
60.00
10.00
30.00
10.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
40.00
25.00
50.00
30.00
20.00
15.00
20.00
0.00
40.00
60.00
30.00
50.00
20.00
5.00
40.00
15.00
10.00
10.00
5.00
20.00
20.00
15.00
20.00
10.00
30.00
30.00
50.00
40.00
0.00
15.00
0.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
5.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
10.00
5.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
30.00
10.00
atios
Ratios Ratios
nse
Response
36
Ni
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
2
3
44 5 5 6 6 7 78
9
10 11 12
13 1413
15 14
16 15
17 18 19
20 2119
22 23 21
24 22
25 26
27
28
29 30 27
31 32 33
34
35
112 2
17
2327
2428
25
29 34
30 35
3136
3 3
4
5
6
7
8
9 810 911 10
12 11
13 12
14 15 16
17 181619
20 18
21 22 20
23 24 25
26
29 26
30 31 28
32 33
36
Sample
Points
90.00
90.00
35
20.00
10.00
0.00
70.00
100.00
80.00
80.00
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
41 42
30.00
20.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
RatiosRatios
Ratios Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
RatiosRatios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elemets
Elemets
Elemets
Elemets
RatiosRatios
Ratios Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
41 42
40.00
30.00
10.00
20.00
RatiosRatios
Ratios Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
40.00
50.00
40.00
20.00
30.00
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
45.00
41 42
60.00
50.00
30.00
40.00
Line2
Line
Line
31
60.00
45.00
45.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
35.00
45.00
35.00
40.00
45.00
60.00
40.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
45.00
30.00
35.00
45.00
40.00
60.00
35.00
25.00
40.00
25.00
50.00
45.00
30.00
40.00
30.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
35.00
20.00
20.00
50.00
40.00
40.00
25.00
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
30.00
30.00
15.00
35.00
15.00
40.00
20.00
20.00
30.00
25.00
25.00
10.00
30.00
30.00
10.00
10.00
20.00
15.00
15.00
25.00
20.00
20.00
5.00
30.00
25.00
5.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
10.00
10.00
15.00
0.00
20.00
15.00
20.00
0.00 1 1
20.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
5.00
1
15.00
15.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
1
5.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
10.00
5.00 1
0.00
1
0.00
5.00
1
5.00 1
0.00
0.00
1
0.00
1
60.000.00
1
90.00
60.00
40.00
50.00
90.00
90.00
70.00
60.00
100.00
90.00
70.00
80.00
80.00
60.00
90.00
50.00
100.00
70.00
80.00
60.00
70.00
50.00
80.00
90.00
40.00
60.00
40.00
70.00
50.00
70.00
60.00
80.00
50.00
30.00
30.00
60.00
60.00
40.00
70.00
50.00
40.00
20.00
50.00
20.00
60.00
50.00
30.00
30.00
40.00
10.00
40.00
50.00
10.00
20.00
0.00
40.00
20.00
30.00
30.00
40.00
10.00
0.00
20.00
30.00
10.00
30.00
20.00
0.00
10.00
20.00
20.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
1
1
100.00
40.00
90.00
35.00
100.00
80.00
40.00
90.00
70.00
30.00
100.00
35.00
40.00
80.00
60.00
90.00
25.00
100.00
70.00
40.00
30.00
50.00
35.00
80.00
90.00
20.00
60.00
40.00
70.00
35.00
25.00
30.00
80.00
50.00
30.00
15.00
60.00
70.00
30.00
20.00
25.00
40.00
20.00
50.00
60.00
10.00
30.00
10.00
25.00
15.00
20.00
40.00
50.00
20.00
5.00
0.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
15.00
40.00
1
10.00
20.00
0.00
30.00
15.00
5.00
0.00 1 2
10.00
10.00
20.00
1
10.00
0.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
1 12
0.00
5.00
0.00
1 12
0.00
1 2
40.00
35.00
40.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
25.00
40.00
30.00
35.00
20.00
35.00
25.00
30.00
15.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
0.00
10.00
5.00
50.00
60.00
osRatios
Ratios Ratios
Response
tsonse
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
35.00
40.00
45.00
30.00
35.00
45.00
40.00
25.00
30.00
40.00
35.00
20.00
25.00
35.00
30.00
15.00
20.00
30.00
25.00
10.00
15.00
25.00
20.00
5.00
10.00
20.00
15.00
0.00
5.00
15.00
10.00
RatiosRatios
Ratios Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
40.00
Appendix
1. Stacked elements response ratios (RR) graphs.
45.00
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elemets
Elemets
Elemets
Elemets
Ratios
Ratios
RatiosRatios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elemets
Elemets
Elemets
Elemets
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
RatiosRatios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
40.00
1
1
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
13
14 15
15
16 17
17
18 19
19
20 21
21
22 23
23 24
24Cu
25 26
26Pb
27 28
28 29
29 30
30 31
31 32
3233
3334
3435
3536
3637
3738
3839
3940
4041
4142
42
Ni14
Te 16
Zn 18
Au 20
As 22
Bi
9 10
10 11
11 12
12 13
25
27
Sample
Points
Sample
Points
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18
19
20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Sample
Points
9 10 11 12 13
15 16 17
18 19
20 21
22 Bi
23
25 26Pb
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Zn
Au 15
As
Bi 24
Cu
Pb
Ni14
Au
As
7
8
9 10
11Te12 Zn
13 14
16 17
18Cu
19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Sample
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19Points
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Ni
7 38 39 40 41 42
7 38 39 40 41 42
0.00
10.00
20.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
5.00
5.00
0.00
30.00
0.00
20.00
5.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
5.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
30.00
30.00
7 38 39 40 41 42
0.00
Ratios
Ratios
RatiosRatios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
7 38 39 40 41 42
20.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
25.00
30.00
25.00
30.00
30.00
8 29 30 31
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Te
Ni
Te Te
2 33 34 35 36
2 33 34 35 36
Line 3
Au
As
Line
5
Line
3
ZnZn
Au
As
Line
Au 3
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
Bi
Bi
Cu
Cu
Pb
Pb
Bi
Cu
Pb
Cu
Pb
Zn
Sample
Points Points
Sample
Au
As
Line
3
Line
3
Line
Line
25
Line
35
Line
Line 2
Line 5
Te
Zn
8
9
8
9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 Points
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Sample
10
16 15
17 16
18Points
19
25 23
26 24
27 25
28 29
34 31
35 36
9 11
10 12
11 1312141315Sample
14
17 20
18 21
19 2220232124 22
26 30
27 3128322933 30
9Ni 10 Te
11 12
14 Sampling
15As
16 17
18 Cu
19 20
points
Zn13 Au
Bi
Pb 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Sample
Points
9Ni11
10 12
11 1312
14
17
18Cu
19 2220
26 30
27 3128322933 30
Te
Zn
Bi 20
Pb232124 22
10
141315Au
16 15
17As16
18Points
19
21
25 23
26 24
27 25
28 29
34 31
35 36
Sample
1011
11
15
17
19
21 23
22 24
23 25
24 26
25 27
2628
27292830293130
Ni1212
Te
Zn14
AsPoints
Bi 18
Pb 22
99 10
1313
14
15Au
16 16
17
18
19Cu
20 20
21
3231
33
Sample
Sampling
points
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
10Ni11 12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Sample
Points
Sample
Zn13 Au
Bi 18Cu
Pb 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 3135 36
9 10 Te
11 12
14
15As16 Points
17
19 20
1 22 33 4 4 5 5 6 67 78 8
1
9
11 2
3
4 5
5 66 77 88
2
3
4
1 22 33 4 4 5 5 6 67 78 8
1
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
9 Ni
10
Ni
Ni
90.00
30.00
0.00
30.00
Line
Line
57 Bi Cu
Te12 13
Zn 14Line
Au
5
11
15 16As
17 18 19 20
Line
Ni
Te
Zn
Au 4As
Bi
Cu
Sample
Line
57Points
Line
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Line
5
Line
4
Te
Zn
Au
As
Line
Line
57 Bi Cu
Line 4
Line 7
Pb
Pb
Pb
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
points
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Sampling
18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
Sampling points
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
6 7 8 9 10 11 12Ni 13 Te
14 15
16Au17 18
20 Cu
21 22
Zn Sampling
As 19
BiPoints
Pb 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
points
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16Zn17 Sampling
18
19 As
20 21
23 24 Pb
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
Au
Bi22
6 7 8 9 10 11 12Ni 13 Te
14 15 16Sampling
17 18
19points
20 Cu
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
12 13
13 14
14 Zn
15 16
16Au
17 18
18As
19 20
20
22
24
6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 1010 1111
15
17
19
21 Cu
22 23
23 Pb
24 25
25 26
26 27
27 28
28 29
29 30
30 31
31 32323333343435353636
Ni12
Te
Bi 21
Sampling
points
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
2725
28 26
29 30
35 32
36 37
Sampling
Points
Zn 16Sampling
Au
As 19Bi
Cu
Pb
Poi
6 7 8 9 10 11 12Ni 13 Te
14 15
17 18
20 nts
21 22
232624
27 31
28 32
2933303431
33 38
34 39
3540
3641
Sampling
points
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 1010 1111 12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21 22
22 23
23 24
24 25
25 26
26 27
27 28
28 29
29 30
30 31
31 32323333343435353636
12 14
1315
1416
15
16
17
18
19
20 23
2124
Sampling
points
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13
17
18
19
20
21
22
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
Sampling
Points
Ni Ni TeTe Zn
Au As
BiCu Cu
Pb
ZnLine
Au
Pb
7As BiPoi
Samplingpoints
nts
Sampling
Ni 13
Zn 16
Au17 As
As 19
Bi 20 Cu
Cu
Pb23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
TeTe14Zn
Au
Bi
Pb
5
6
7
8
9 10 11Ni12
15
18
21
22
Zn Sampling
Au
Pb
Ni Ni TeTe Zn
Au AsAs BiPoints
BiCu Cu
Pb
Line 7
Line
6 Points
Sampling
Line
7
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
10 11Ni12
Ni 13
Zn
TeTe14Zn
Ni
Te
Ni
Te
Au
Au
As
As
Cu
Cu
Au
As
Bi
Sampling Points
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Line
7
Line
Line 7
6
Line
Line 7
6
Zn
Zn
25.00
90.00
20.00
70.00
15.00
30.00
100.00
30.00
25.00
25.00
20.00
80.00
60.00
90.00
100.00
15.00
30.00
10.00
70.00
25.00
25.00
50.00
20.00
20.00
15.00
80.00
90.00
60.00
40.00
10.00
70.00
5.00
25.00
20.00
80.00
20.00
15.00
15.00
10.00
50.00
30.00
60.00
70.00
40.00
0.00
5.00
20.00
15.00
20.00
10.00
50.00
5.00
15.00
10.00
60.00
30.00
10.00
40.00
50.00
10.00
0.00
15.00
5.00
20.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
5.00
30.00
40.00
10.00
5.00
20.00
0.00
10.00
30.00
5.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
20.00
Pb22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
21
Line 4
30.00
Bi
Bi
22
Pb23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Pb
Cu
Pb
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
100.00
50.00
60.00
40.00
30.00
50.00
40.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
60.00
30.00
30.00
10.00
10.00
40.00
0.00
40.00
20.00
30.00
50.00
20.00
30.00
10.00
0.00
20.00
1
0.00
30.00
40.00
30.00
10.00
20.00
10.00 1
20.00
20.00
0.00
10.00
30.00
0.00
20.00
0.00
10.00
10.00
1
20.00 1
10.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
10.00 1
0.00 1
0.00
0.00
1
1
100.00
100.00
90.00
90.00
40.00
100.00
80.00
100.00
80.00
35.00
90.00
70.00
90.00
40.00
70.00
100.00
100.00
80.00
30.00
80.00
60.00
60.00
90.00
35.00
90.00
40.00
100.00
100.00
70.00
70.00
50.00
50.00
25.00
80.00
80.00
90.00
90.00
40.00
30.00
35.00
60.00
60.00
40.00
40.00
70.00
70.00
20.00
80.00
80.00
50.00
35.00
50.00
30.00
25.00
30.00
30.00
60.00
60.00
70.00
70.00
15.00
40.00
20.00
40.00
20.00
50.00
30.00
20.00
25.00
50.00
60.00
60.00
30.00
10.00
30.00
10.00
10.00
40.00
50.00
40.00
25.00
15.00
20.00
20.00
50.00
0.00
20.00
30.00
0.00
40.00
5.00
30.00
10.00
40.00
20.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
10.00
30.00
20.00
0.00
0.00
30.00
10.00
0.00
15.00
5.00
20.00
10.00
10.00
20.00
0.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
0.00
5.00
0.00
0.00
11
1
11
1
11
0.00
40.00
40.00
35.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
40.00
35.00
40.00
Pb
30.00
25.00
35.00
40.00
40.00
30.00
35.00
Line
Line 7
6
25.00
20.00
40.00
30.00
35.00
35.00
25.00
30.00
20.00
15.00
30.00
35.00
20.00
25.00
25.00
30.00
10.00
15.00
25.00
15.00
20.00
30.00
20.00
25.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
0.00
5.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
11 222 333 44
5
6
1
4 5
5 6
6
7
7
7
8
8
8
Sampling
Points
9
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
3939
4040
4141
9
10 11
11 12
12 13
13 14
14 15
15 16
16 17
17 18
1819
1920
2021
2122
2223
2324
2425
2526
2627
2728
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
9 10
10
11
12
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
1 2 3 4 5 6
1
1 22 33 44 55 66
7
7
7
8
8
8
9 10
10 11
11 12
12 13
13 14
14 15
15 16 17
17 18
18 19
19 20 21
21 2223
2324
24 2526
2627
2728
2829
2930
3031
3132
3233
3334
3435
3536
3637
3738
38
9
393940404141
Ni
Te 16Zn
Au 20
As 22
Bi
Cu 25 Pb
Sampling
Points
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
Sampling
Points
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21Points
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
Sampling
Sampling
Points
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
14
16
18
20
21
22
24
25
26Pb
27
28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
Sampling
Te 15
Zn17
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Ni 13
Au19
As
Bi23
Cu
Pb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14
15 16
17
18
19 20
21Points
22
23 24
25 26
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21Points
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
Sampling
0.00
0.00
Sampling
Points
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
Sampling
9 10 11 12
18
22
Ni 13 14
Te 15 16
Zn 17
Au 19 20
As 21Points
Bi 23 24
Cu 25 26
Pb 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
Ni
35.00
40.00
Ni
Ni
Ni
30.00
35.00
40.00
Te
Te
Zn
Zn
Au
Au
As
As
Au
As
TeTe ZnZnSampling
Au
As
Line
8
Te
Zn
25.00
40.00
30.00
35.00
Au
As
Line
8
Line 8
Bi
Bi
Cu
Cu
Points
Bi
Bi Cu
Cu
Bi
Pb
Pb
PbPb
Cu
Pb
20.00
35.00
25.00
30.00
15.00
30.00
20.00
25.00
10.00
25.00
15.00
20.00
5.00
20.00
10.00
15.00
1
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
Sampling
Points
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
Sampling Points
10.00
0.00
5.00
5.00
0.00
37 38 39 40 41
100.00
70.00
20.00
40.00
10.00
20.00
50.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
Line 55
Line
Sample
Points
points
10
13
14
15
16
17
18
19Cu
20 22
21
222423252426252726
Ni12
ZnAu
Au
As 19
Bi20
Cu
Pb
Te
Zn
As
Bi
Pb
11 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 89 910Ni
11 11
12
13 Te
14
15
16Sampling
17
18
21
23
2827
29 28
30 29
31 30
32 31
33 32
34 33
35 36
Sample
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As Points
Bi
Cu
Pb
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
Sample
Points
Sampling
points
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 Ni
10 11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
Te
Zn ZnAu Au As As BiBi Cu
Pb
Ni
Te
Cu
Pb
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As Points
Bi
Cu
Pb
Sample
Ni
37 38 39 40 41
100.00
80.00
70.00
40.00
50.00
30.00
80.00
70.00
50.00
90.00
60.00
40.00
60.00
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
1 22 33 4 4 5 5 6 67 78
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
90.00
0.00
15.00
5.00
10.00
60.00
70.00
90.00
90.00
70.00
80.00
80.00
90.00
50.00
40.00
80.00
60.00
80.00
60.00
70.00
70.00
50.00
90.00
60.00
40.00
37 38 39 40 41
70.00
80.00
80.00
100.00
90.00
90.00
50.00
60.00
80.00
60.00
90.00
70.00
90.00
70.00
80.00
70.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
18
19 20
22
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
Line
821Points
Sampling
Ni 13 14
Te 15 16
Zn17
Au
As
Bi23 24
Cu25 26Pb
Sampling
Points
37 38 39 40 41
155
0.00
90.00
25.00
20.00
30.00
100.00
30.00
80.00
2 33 34 35 36
Bi
30.00
70.00
20.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
50.00
50.00
30.00
100.00
25.00
2 33 34 35 36
Line
3
Au
As
Line 2
Line 2
10.00
0.00
8 29 30 31
Ni
Ni
20.00
70.00
30.00
30.00
15.00
30.00
15.00
25.00
25.00
25.00
80.00
20.00
20.00
90.00
60.00
15.00
30.00
25.00
25.00
25.00
20.00
90.00
70.00
10.00
80.00
10.00
20.00
20.00
15.00
15.00
50.00
10.00
25.00
80.00
60.00
70.00
20.00
20.00
15.00
5.00
20.00
15.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
40.00
10.00
70.00
50.00
5.00
60.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
15.00
0.00
30.00
10.00
15.00
5.00
0.00
10.00
5.00
40.00
60.00 1
50.00
0.00 1 22 33 44 55
15.00
10.00
5.00
20.00
10.00
5.00
1 2 3 4 5
0.00
10.00
30.00
50.00
40.00
5.00
0.00
10.00
10.00
5.00 1 2 3 4 5
0.00
5.00
1
2 3 4 5
40.00
20.00
30.00
0.00
5.00
1 2 3 4 5
0.00
0.00 1
5.00
2 3 4 5
0.00
30.00
10.00
20.00
0.00
1 12 2 3 3 4 4 5 5
0.00
1 12 2 3 3 4 4 55
0.00
20.00
0.00
10.00
1 12 2 3 3 4 4 5 5
1 2 3 4 5
8 29 30 31
Zn
Ni Te
Au 15As
As
Bi 18Cu
Pb
ZnZn
Bi
Cu
Pb 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
9Ni 10
11Te12
13 Au
14
16 17
19 20
Ni
25.00
20.00
20.00
30.00
80.00
30.00
25.00
30.00
25.00
8 29 30 31
Te
Sample
Points
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18Sample
19Points
20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Ni 11Te12 Zn
Au 15 As
Bi 18Cu19 20
Pb 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
7
8
9 10
13 14
16 17
Ni
Te Sample
Zn
AuPoints
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
Sample
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18Sample
19Points
20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Points
Appendix
1. Contd.
45.00
45.00
35.00
40.00
30.00
40.00
45.00
30.00
45.00
35.00
35.00
25.00
40.00
40.00
25.00
45.00
30.00
45.00
30.00
60.00
30.00
35.00
35.00
20.00
40.00
40.00
25.00
20.00
45.00
30.00
25.00
25.00
50.00
30.00
60.00
30.00
15.00
35.00
20.00
35.00
40.00
30.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
25.00
20.00
25.00
10.00
60.00
30.00
15.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
50.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
10.00
25.00
10.00
20.00
5.00
60.00
30.00
20.00
25.00
15.00
50.00
15.00
30.00
10.00
40.00
20.00
5.00
15.00
0.00
25.00
20.00
20.00
5.00
50.00
15.00
10.00
10.00
5.00
15.00
0.00
40.00
20.00
10.00
20.00
15.00
30.00
5.00
15.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
10.00
40.00
5.00
15.00
5.00
10.00
30.00
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
20.00
0.00
50.00
30.00
10.00
40.00
1
10.00
10.001
20.00
0.00
40.00
20.00
30.00
10.00
0.00
0.00 1
0.00
30.001
10.00
10.00
20.00
0.00
1
20.00
0.001
10.00
90.00
0.00
1
10.00
0.00
80.00
90.00
90.00
Respo
Elements
Elements
Elem
5
5
Elements
Elem
El
4
4
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
0.00
45.00
0.00
3
3
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ele
Res
Elemets
Elemets
Ele
5.00
0.00
0.00
5.00
Sample Points
1
1 2
2
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
RatiosRatios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
Ratios
Ratios
Response
Response
Response
Elements
Elements
Elements
Elements
10.00
20.00
15.00
0.00
10.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
15.00
0.00
20.00
5.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
5.00
0.00
10.00
15.00
0.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
0.00
Sampling Points
0.00
1
Ni
Te
Zn
Ni
Te
Zn
Sampling
Points
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
Pb
5.00
10.00
20.00
10.00
15.00
25.00
15.00
20.00
0.00
5.00
15.00
5.00
10.00
20.00
10.00
15.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
5.00
15.00
5.00
10.00
11 2
5.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
5.00
0.00
5.00
0.00
1
0.00
1
156
Line 9
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
1
11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71
Sampling Pionts
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
Line 10
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
1
9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77
Sampling Pionts
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
Line 11
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46
Sampling pionts
Ni
Te
Zn
Au
As
Bi
Cu
Pb
157
158
Appendix 2. Contd.
159
160
Appendix 2. Contd.