Class 12

[ C.B.S.
E CLASS XII ]
CHEMISTRY (THEORY) 2007
(SET I DELHI BOARD)
Class XII Delhi Board Papers
Time allowed: 3 hours
General Instructions:
Maximum Marks: 70
(i)
All questions are compulsory.
(ii)
Marks for each question are indicated against it
(iii)
Question numbers 1 to 8 are very short answer questions, carrying 1 mark

each. Answer these in one word or about one sentence each.
Question numbers 9 to 18 are short answer questions, carrying 2 marks each.
(iv)
Answer these in about 30 words each.

Question numbers 19 to 27 are short answer questions of 3 marks each.
(v)

Question numbers 28 to 30 are long answer questions of carrying 5 marks
(vi)
each. Answer these in about 70 words each.

(vii)
Q.1.
Use Log Tables, if necessary. Use of calculators is not permitted.
What is the number of atoms per unit cell in a body centered cubic
structure?
Ans. No of atoms per unit cell in BCC structure = 2

Q. 2. Define osmotic pressure?
Ans. Osmotic pressure: The external pressure that must be applied to the solution
side to stop the passage of solvent in to the solution through a semi- permeable
membrane, known as osmotic pressure.
Q. 3. For the reaction
CI2 (g) + 2NO(g) 2NOCI(g)

the rate law is expressed as
rate = k[CI 2 ][NO]2
What is the overall order of this reaction?
Ans. Overall order of this reaction =1+2 = 3
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Q. 4. Write the IUPAC name of the compound:
CH3 - CH - CO - CH - CH 3
CH 3
Ans.
CH 3
3
CH3 - CH - CO - CH - CH 3
CH 3
CH 3
IUPAC name: 2, 2 dimethyl -pantan-3 -one.

Q. 5. Why do nitro compounds have high boiling points in comparison with other
compounds of same molecular mass?
1
Ans. Due to polarity, the boiling points of nitro compounds are unusually high in
comparison with other compounds of same molecular mass.
Q.6.
Name the purines present in DNA.
Ans.
Adenine and Guanine.
Q.7.
How much charge is required for the reduction of 1 mole of Cu 2 + to Cu.
Ans. The electrode reaction is
CU 2+ 2e- Cu
Quantity of charge required for reduction of 1 mole of Cu 2+ = 2F
= 296500 = 193000C
Q.8.
What happens when gelatin is added to gold so1?
Ans. Gold so1 which is lyophobic so1 starts behaving like a lyophilic colloid when
gelatin is added to it.
Q.9.
Define activation energy of reaction.
Ans. Activation Energy, Ea: The minimum extra amount of energy which is required
by the reactant molecules to make their energy equal to threshold energy is
known as activation energy.
It is represented by Ea. It is independent of temperature.
Or
Calculate the half- life of a first order reaction whose rate constants is 200
S-1 .
Ans. Here rate constant K= 200 S-1 .
Half-life of a first order reaction is
t 12 =
0.693 0.693
=
= 3.4610-3 sec.
K
200
Q.10. What is Saytzeff rule? Illustrate with suitable example.
Ans. Saytzeff rule: Sometimes a haloalkane can undergo elimination in two different
ways forming a mixture of two products. The products in the reaction is that the
alkenes having the lesser number of hydrogens on the double bonded carbon
atom. This generalization is known as Saytzeffs rule.
CH3 -CH = CH-CH3

For example.
1-Butene (80%)
alc.KOH
CH3 -CH2 -CHBr -CH3
CH3 -CH2 = CH = CH2

1-Butene (20%)
Q.11. (a) PH3 has lower boiling point than NH3 Why ?
(b) Write balance equation, when ammonia is dissolved in water.
Ans. (a) Unlike NH3 , PH3 molecules are not associated through hydrogen bonding in
liquid state. Therefore, the boiling point of PH3 is lower than NH3
NH 4 + (aq) + OH - (aq)
(b) NH 3 (g) H 2 O(l )
Q.12. Write the structures of the following species:

(i)
H3PO 2
(ii)
(iii)
H 2SO5
Ans. (i) Structure of H3PO 2 (phosphinic acid)

(ii)
Structure of H 2SO5 (Peroxomonosulphuric acid)
Q.13. Write balanced equations for the following:

(i)
When chloroform is oxidised by air
(ii)
Chloroform reacts with chlorine
Light
2COCI2 + 2HCI
Ans. (i) 2CHCI3 + O2
Chloroform
Carbonyl Chloride
(ii) CHCI3 + CI 2 CCI 4 + HCI

Chloroform
Carbon tetrachloride
Q.14. How would you account for the following:

(i) Phenols are much more acidic than alcohols.
(ii) The boiling points of ethers are much lower than those of the
alcohols of comparable molar masses.
Ans. (i) Phenols are more acidic than alcohols. It can be explained on the basis that
alcohol on loosing H + ion forms alkoxide ion and phenol forms phenoxide ion.

The greater acidity of phenol is due to the stability of the phenoxide ion, which is
resonance stabilized as shown below.
(ii) The boiling Points of ethers are much lower than those of alcohols of
comparable molar masses because unlike alcohols, they cannot form
intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
Q.15. Draw the structure of the monomer of each of the following polymers:
(i) Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
(ii) Nylon- 6
Ans. (i)
(ii)
Monomer of PVC is vinyl chloride
Monomer of Nylon-6 is amino caproic acid
Q.16. (a) What are natural and synthetic polymers ?

(b) Define and classify vitamins.
Ans.
(a) Polymers are classified on the basis that they are naturally occurring or
synthetic. Some of the natural polymers are starch, cellulose, proteins and
nucleic acids etc. Synthetic polymers are man-made polymers such as
polyethylene, PVC, teflon, nylon etc.
(b) It has been observed that there are some organic compounds other than
carbohydrates, proteins and facts, which are necessary for normal growth and
maintenance of health. These specific organic compounds are known as
vitamins. They are classified into two bread types based on their solubility in
fats and water.
Vitamins A, D, E and K are fat soluble where as vitamins of B group such as
B1 ,B6 , B12 and Vitamin C are water-soluble.
Q.17 Explain each of the following with a suitable example:

(i)
Paramagnetism
(ii)
Piezoelectric effect
(iii)
Frenkel defect in crystals
Ans. (i) Para magnetism: Materials which are weakly attracted by magnetic fields are
called paramagnetic materials and the property thus exhibited is called
paramagnetism. Paramagnetic substances contain unpaired electrons, e.g.
TiO,CuO,O2 and VO 2 etc.
(ii) Piezoelectric effect : When the electricity is produced by applying
mechanical stress on some polar crystals, is known as piezoelectric effect.
Quartz show this property.
(iii) Frenkel defect in crystals: Frenkel defect occurs when an atom or ion
(generally cation) leaves the normal site in the crystal -lattice (creating a
vacancy) and occupies on interstitial site. This defect is generally found is silver
halides because of the small size of Ag + ions.
Q.18. What is the chief ore of iron? Write chemical reactions taking place in the
extraction of iron from its ore.
Ans. Chief ore of iron is haematite Fe 2 O3 . Iron is obtained by the reduction of its ore,
haematite Fe 2 O3 in a blast furnace. The iron ore is mixed with coke and
limestone to form a mixture. This mixture is known as Charge. The charge is
then introduced into the blast furnace from the top. A blast of hot air is blown in
through the base of furnace.
The following reactions take place in the blast furnace:
(i)
The coke combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide
C(s) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + Heat

(ii)
Due to the intense heat in the furnace, limestone
(CaCO3 ) decomposes to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide

CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO 2 (g)
(iii)
The carbon dioxide reacts with more coke to form carbon

monoxide
CO 2 (g) + C(s) 2CO(g)

(iv)
Iron (III) oxide present in the ore is then reduced by carbon

monoxide to form liquid iron. The molten iron is collects at the
bottom of the furnace.
Fe2 O3 (s) + 3CO(g) 2Fe(l ) + 3CO2 (g)

Liquid Iron metal
(v)
Calcium oxide formed in reaction (ii) reacts with silicon dioxide

present in the ore to form molten calcium silicate known as
slag.
CaO(s) + SiO2 (s) Ca SiO3 (l )

Q.19. An antifreeze solution is prepared from 222.6 g of ethylene glycol
(C 2 H 4 (OH) 2 and 200 g of water. Calculate the molality of the solution. If the
density of this solution be 1.072 g mL-1 , what will be the molarity of the
solution?
3
Ans.
Molar ethylene glycol C2 H 4 (OH) 2 = 12 2 +1 4 + (16 +1) 2 ,
M 2 = 24 + 4 + 34 = 62g mol-1
Mass of ethylene glycol, w 2 = 22.6g
Mass of water, w1 = 200g
w 1000
Molality = 2
M 2 w1
222.61000
=
= 17.95 m
62 200
Calculation of Molarity
Total mass of antifreeze solution = 222.6 + 200 = 422.6 g

Volume of this solution V =
Mass
422.6
=
Density 1.072
= 394.22mL
Molarity
w 2 1000
M2 V
222.61000
=
= 9.11M
62 394.22
Q. 20. The decomposition of NH3 on platinum surface,

Pt
2NH 3 (g)
N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g)
is a zero order reaction with k = 2.510-4 Ms-1 . What are the rates of
production of N 2 and H 2 ?
3
Ans. The reaction is
2NH 3 (g)
N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g)
Here k = 2.510-4 Ms-1

The order of the reaction is zero i.e.,
Rate = k [Reactant]
Rate = 2.510-4 1 = 2.5 10-4 molL-1 S-1 .
d
1d
[ N2 ] = [H2 ]
dt
3 dt
The rate of formation of N 2 = 2.510-4 mol L-1 S-1
1d
2.510-4 =
[H2 ]
3 dt
d
[ H 2 ] = 7.510-4
dt
Therefore, rate of formation of H 2 = 7.510-4 mol L-1 S-1
Q.21. Explain the following terms giving a suitable example in each case:
3
(i)
Emulsification
(ii)
Homogeneous catalysis
Ans. (i) Emulsification:
The process of making emulsion is known as
emulsification. To stabilize as emulsion, an emulsifying agent or emulsifier is
added. Soaps and detergents are most frequently used as emulsifiers.
(ii) Homogeneous catalysis: When the reactants and the catalyst are in the
same phase, process is said to be homogeneous catalysis.
Example: Oxidation of sulphur dioxide into sulphur trioxide with oxygen in the
presence of oxides of nitrogen as the catalyst in the lead chamber process.
The reactants, sulphur, dioxide and oxygen and the catalyst nitric oxide, are all in
the same phase.
Or
Define adsorption. Write any two features which distinguish physisorption
from chemisorption.
3
Ans. Adsorption: Molecules in the gaseous or liquid phase can adhere to solid
surfaces, this phenomenon is called adsorption.
Physisorption:
In physisorption the adsorbate is held on the surface by
weak Vander Waals forces. It is reversible in nature.
Chemisorption:
In chemisorption the forces holding the adsorbate on the
surface are as string as experienced in chemical bonding. It is irreversible in
nature.
Q.22. Draw the structures of
(i) H 2SO3
(ii) H 2SO 4
(iii) H 2S2O7
Ans.
(i) Structure of H 2SO3 (Sulphurous acid)
(ii) Structure of H 2SO 4 (Sulphuric acid)

(iii) Structure of H 2S2O7 (Oleum)
Q.23. Write the name and draw the structures of each of the following complex
compounds:
(i)
Co(NH3 ) 4 (H 2O) 2 ]CI3
(ii)
[Pt(NH3 )4][NiCI 4 )]
Ans. (i) Tetraminediaqua cobalt (III) chloride

(ii) Tetraamineplatinum (II) tetrachloronilcate (II).
Structures:
Q. 24 Give one example of each of the following reactions:

(i) Wurtz Reaction
(ii) Wurtz- Fitting Reaction
Ans. (i) Wurtz Reaction: It converts alkyl halide into alkane

Ether
CH3 CI + 2Na + CH 3 CI
2NaCI + C2 H 6
Chloromethane
Ethane
(ii) Wurtz-Fitting Reaction: It converts aryl halide into corresponding aromatic

hydrocarbons.
Q.25. Give chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of

compounds:
(i) Propanal and propanone
(ii) Methyl acetate and ethyl acetate
(iii) Benzaldehyde and benzoic acid
Ans. (i) Propanal and propanone can be distinguish by Tollens test. Propanal will
form the silver mirror. Propanal give this test but propanone (Ketones) do not
respond to these test.
RCHO + 2[Ag(NH 3 )2] + 3OH- RCOO - + 2Ag + 2H 2O + 4NH 3

Silver mirror
(ii) Ethyl acetate is hydrolysed slowly by water to form Ethyl alcohol while methyl
acetate gives methyl alcohol
CH3 COOC2 H5 + H 2 O CH3 COOH + C2 H5OH

Ethyl acetate
Ethyl alcohol
CH3 COO CH 3 + H 2O CH 3 COOH + CH3OH

Methyl acetate
Methyl alcohol
(iii) Benzaldehyde is treated with ammonial silver nitrate, silver mirror is

obtained.
C6 H5CHO + 2[Ag(NH 3 )2]+ 3OH - C6 H 5COO- + 2Ag + 4NH 3 + 2H 2O

Silver mirror
Benzoic acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate to liberate CO 2 .
Q.26. How would you achieve the following conversions:

(i) Nitrobenzene to aniline
(ii) An alkyl halide to a quaternary ammonium salt
(iii) Aniline to benzonitrile
Write the chemical equation with reaction conditions in each case.
Ans. (i)
373 K
RX
RX
RNH 2
R 2 NH
R3 N
(ii) R -X + NH 3
AlkylHalide ammonia
1 amine
2 amine
RX
R 4 N + X-
o
Quaternary amoonium salt (4 )
(ii)

3 amine
Q.27. (a)
What are antipyretic medicines?

(b) Name one of them.
(c) Can it play any other role also.
Ans. (a) Antipyretics are the medicines used to lower temperature of the body in case
of high fever.
(b) Paracetamol
(c)The antipyretic can also play the role of analgesic. i.e. it can relieve
body pains.
Q.28. (a) Write the steps involved in the preparation of
(i)
K 2Cr2 O7 from Na 2 Cr O4
(ii)
KMn O 4 from K 2 MnO 4
(iii)
Calomel from corrosive sublimiate
(b) What is meant by lanthanoid contraction? What effect does it have on

the chemistry of the elements which follow lanthanoids?
2
Ans. (a) (i) 2Na 2 CrO 4 + H 2SO 4 Na 2 Cr2 O7 + Na 2 SO 4 + H 2 O
Sod. Chromate
Sod. dichromate
Na 2 Cr2 O7 + 2KCI K 2 Cr2 O7 + 2NaCI

Sod. Dichromate
Pol. dichromate
(ii) The potassium manganate is oxidised to potassium permanganate by

oxidation with chlorine.
2K 2 MnO 4 (aq) + CI2 (g) 2KMnO 4 (aq) + 2KCI(a)

(iii) HgCI 2 + Hg Hg 2 CI2
Calomel (Mercury (I) Chloride)
(b) Lanthanoid Contraction: The steady decrease in the atomic and ionic radii
of lanthanoid elements with increase atomic number is called lanthanoid
contraction.
Consequences:
(i)The basic strength of the oxides and hydroxide of lanthanoids decreases with
increasing atomic number.
(ii) Lanthanum hydroxide La (OH)3 is most basic and Lutetium hydroxide
Lu (OH)3 is least basic.

Or
(a)
Give reasons for the following:

(i) Aromatic amines are less basic than aliphatic amines
(ii) Silver chloride dissolves in methylamine solution.
(b)
(i)
Give one chemical test to distinguish between CH 3 .CH 2 .NH 2
and CH3 .NH.CH3 .

(ii) Write the chemical reaction for the reduction of nitroethane by
LiAIH 4 .
5
Ans. (i) Due to resonance in aniline, the lone pair of electron on nitrogen gets
delocalized over the benzene ring and becomes less available for coordination.
In methyl amine, methyl group repels electrons and helps in the loss of lone pair
of electrons of nitrogen, making it stronger base.
(ii) Amines from soluble co-ordination compounds with Ag + ions. Therefore
white ppt. of silver chloride dissolves in methylamine solution.
(b) (i) Warm each compound separately with few drops of chloroform and
alcoholic KOH.CH 3CH 2 NH 2 . gives offensive smell of carbylamine.
Warm
CH3 CH 2 NH 2 + CHCI3 + 3KOH
CH 3 CH 2 NC + 3KCI + 3H 2 O
(1 Amine)
(alc.)
Ethyl carbylamine
CH3 , NHC H3 being a secondary amine does not give Carbylamine test.
LiAIH
4
CH3 CH 2 NH 2 + 2H 2O
(ii) CH3CH 2 NO2 + 6[H]
ether
Nitroethane
Q.29. (a) Calculate the emf of the cell
Mg(s) | Mg 2 + (0.1M) Cu 2 + (110-3 M)| Cu(s)

Given: E Cu 2+ /Cu = +0.34V,E Mg 2+ /Mg = -2.37V,
(b) Explain with examples the terms weak and strong electrolytes.
3, 2
Ans. (a) The cell reaction is
Mg + Cu 2+ (aq) Mg2 + (aq) + Cu

Nernst equation for the cell e.m.f is
0.059
Mg 2 + (aq)]
log
n
Cu 2 + (aq)]
= E Cu2+/Cu -E Mg2 +/Mg
E Cell = E Cell-
cell
= 0.34 (2.37)
= 0.34 + 2.37
= 2.71V.
0.059
0.1
E cell = 2.71log
2
110-3
= 2.71 0.0295log 0.1 103
= 2.71 0.0295 2 log10 2
= 2.71 0.0295 2log10
= 2.71 0.059
= 2.659V
(b) Weak Electrolytes:
The electrolytes which are not completely dissociated
into ions in solution are called weak electrolytes.
Examples : CH3COOH, NH 4OH, HCN etc.
Strong Electrolytes: The electrolytes which are completely dissociated into ions
in solution are called strong electrolytes.
Examples : HC1, KC1, NaOH, NaOH, NaC1
Or
(a) The resistance of a conductivity cell containing 0.001M KC1 solution at
298 K is 1500 . What is the cell constant, if the conductivity of
3
0.001M KC1 solution at 298 K is 0.14610-3 Scm-1 ?
(b) Predict the products of electrolysis in the following:
A solution of H 2SO 4 with platinum electrodes.

Ans. (a) Given
Resistance = 1500 ohm
Conductivity = 0.14610-3 Scm-1
Molarity of KC1 = 0.001 M
CellConstant
Resistance
CellConstant
0.146 10-3 =
1500
Cell constant = 0.146 103 1500
= 0.219cm-1
Conductivity =
(b)
H 2SO4 2H + + SO4 2At anode: 2OH- H 2O +1/2 O2 + 2eCathode: 2H + + 2e- H 2
Q.30. (a) Name the three major classes of carbohydrates and give an example of
each of these classes:
3
(b)
Answer the following:

(i)
What type of linkage is responsible for the primary
structure of proteins?
(ii)
Name the location where protein synthesis occurs in our

body.
Ans. (a) Based on structure, the carbohydrates have been classified into three main
classes.
(i)
Monosaaccharides
Example: Glucose, fructose
(ii)
Disaccharides:
Example: Maltose, Sucrose
(iii)
Polysaccharides
Example: Starch, glycogen
(b)
(i) The primary structure of a protein determines its functions and

biological activity.
(ii) Protein synthesis takes place in ribosomes.
Or
(a)
How is sulphur dioxide is prepared in

(i)
Laboratory
(ii)
Industrially
(b)
What happens when sulphur passed through water and reacts with
sodium hydroxide. Write balance equation.
5
(c)
Write its any two use.
Ans. (a)
Sulphur dioxide:
(i) Laboratory preparation: It is prepared in laboratory by treating a
sulphite with dilute sulphuric acid.
SO32- (aq) + 2H + (aq) H2O(l ) + SO2 (g)

(ii) Industrial Preparation: It is produced industrially as a by-product of
the roasting of sulphide ores
4FeS2 (s) +11O 2 (g) 2Fe2 O3(s) + 8SO 2 (g)

(b)
When sulphur dioxide passed through water, it forms a solution of

sulphurous acid
SO 2 (g) + H 2 O(l )
H 2 SO3 (aq)
Sulphurous acid
When sulphur dioxide reacts with sodium hydroxide solution, odium
sulphite is formed
2NaOH + SO 2 Na 2SO3 + H 2 O
Sod. sulphite
(c)
Uses :
Sulphur dioxide is used

(i) in refining petroleum and sugar
(ii) in bleaching wool and silk
(iii) as anti-chlor, disinfectant and preservative
(iv) in the manufacture of sulphuric acid, sodium hydrogen
sulphite and calcium hydrogen sulphite

[ C.B.S.E CLASS XII ]

CHEMISTRY (THEORY) 2007
(SET II DELHI BOARD)
Class -XII Delhi Board Papers
Time allowed : 3 hours

General Instructions :
Maximum Marks : 70
(i)
All questions are compulsory.
(ii)
Marks for each question are indicated against it
(iii)
Question numbers 1 to 8 are very short answer questions, carrying 1 mark

each. Answer these in one word or about one sentence each.
(iv)
Question numbers 9 to 18 are short answer questions, carrying 2 marks each.

(v)
Question numbers 19 to 27 are short answer questions of 3 marks each.

(vi)
Question numbers 28 to 30 are long answer questions of carrying 5 marks

each. Answer these in about 70 words each.
(vii)
Use Log Tables, if necessary. Use of calculators is not permitted.
Note : Except for the following questions, all the remaining questions have been
asked in Set-I
Q. 6. Write the reaction of thermal decomposition of sodium azide 1

(b) What happens when PCI5 is heated?`
1
Ans.
(a)
Thermal decomposition of sodium azide gives dinitrogen gas
2NaN 3 2Na + 3N 2
(b) When PCI5 is heated, it decomposes.
Heat
PC15
PC13 + C12
Q. 8.
Draw the structures of

(ii)
XeO3
(i) XeOF4
Ans.
(i) Structure of XeOF4 is square pyramidal

(ii) Structure of XeO3 is pyramidal
Q. 10.
Nitric Oxide reacts with hydrogen to give nitrogen and water
Ans.
2NO + 2H 2 N 2 + 2H 2O
The kinetics of this reaction is explained by the following steps:
(i) 2NO + H 2 N 2 + H 2 O2 (Slow)
2
(ii) H2O2 + H 2 2H 2O (fast)
What is the predicated rate law?
Ans.
2NO + 2H2 N2 + 2H2O

Show step of the reaction mechanism is
2NO + H 2 N 2 + H 2 O2
The rate law, therefore, is
Rate = k[NO]2 [H 2 ]
Q. 12. Calculate the potential of a zinc-zinc ion electrode in which the zinc ion
activity is 0.001M.
(EZn2+/Zn = -0.76V, R = 8.314 JK -1, F = 96,500C mol -1)
2
Ans.
E = E +
2.303RT
log[M n+ ]
nF

2.3038.314 298
296,500
E = -0.76V + 0.0295V
E = 0.7305V
E = -0.76 +
Or
Q. 13. A first order of reaction is 15% complete in 20 minutes. How long will it
take to be 60% complete?
Ans.
t15%
2.303
a
log
k
ax
20 min . =
2.303
100
log
k
100 15
2.303
20
log
k
17
2.303 1.306
k=
min 1
20
2.303
100
t60% =
log
k
40
20 min. =
Now,
t60% =
2.303 20
10
log
2.303 1.306
4
20 1.661
1.306
= 24.42 min.
t60% =


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[ C.B.S.

All questions are compulsory.

Marks for each question are indicated against it

Question numbers 1 to 8 are very short answer questions, carrying 1 mark

Answer these in about 30 words each.

Answer these in about 40 words each.

each. Answer these in about 70 words each.

Use Log Tables, if necessary. Use of calculators is not permitted.

Ans. No of atoms per unit cell in BCC structure = 2

CI2 (g) + 2NO(g) 2NOCI(g)

Q. 4. Write the IUPAC name of the compound:

IUPAC name: 2, 2 dimethyl -pantan-3 -one.

Name the purines present in DNA.

Adenine and Guanine.

How much charge is required for the reduction of 1 mole of Cu 2 + to Cu.

Ans. The electrode reaction is

What happens when gelatin is added to gold so1?

Define activation energy of reaction.

It is represented by Ea. It is independent of temperature.

Q.10. What is Saytzeff rule? Illustrate with suitable example.

CH3 -CH = CH-CH3

CH3 -CH2 -CHBr -CH3

CH3 -CH2 = CH = CH2

(b) NH 3 (g) H 2 O(l )

Q.12. Write the structures of the following species:

Get the best brains on your side.

Structure of H 2SO5 (Peroxomonosulphuric acid)

Q.13. Write balanced equations for the following:

(ii) CHCI3 + CI 2 CCI 4 + HCI

Q.14. How would you account for the following:

Get the best brains on your side.

Monomer of PVC is vinyl chloride

Monomer of Nylon-6 is amino caproic acid

Q.16. (a) What are natural and synthetic polymers ?

Q.17 Explain each of the following with a suitable example:

Frenkel defect in crystals

The coke combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide

C(s) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + Heat

Due to the intense heat in the furnace, limestone

(CaCO3 ) decomposes to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide

The carbon dioxide reacts with more coke to form carbon

CO 2 (g) + C(s) 2CO(g)

Iron (III) oxide present in the ore is then reduced by carbon

Fe2 O3 (s) + 3CO(g) 2Fe(l ) + 3CO2 (g)

Calcium oxide formed in reaction (ii) reacts with silicon dioxide

CaO(s) + SiO2 (s) Ca SiO3 (l )

Molar ethylene glycol C2 H 4 (OH) 2 = 12 2 +1 4 + (16 +1) 2 ,

Get the best brains on your side.

Volume of this solution V =

Q. 20. The decomposition of NH3 on platinum surface,

Here k = 2.510-4 Ms-1

(i) Structure of H 2SO3 (Sulphurous acid)

(ii) Structure of H 2SO 4 (Sulphuric acid)

Get the best brains on your side.

(iii) Structure of H 2S2O7 (Oleum)

Ans. (i) Tetraminediaqua cobalt (III) chloride

Q. 24 Give one example of each of the following reactions:

Ans. (i) Wurtz Reaction: It converts alkyl halide into alkane

(ii) Wurtz-Fitting Reaction: It converts aryl halide into corresponding aromatic

Q.25. Give chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of

RCHO + 2[Ag(NH 3 )2] + 3OH- RCOO - + 2Ag + 2H 2O + 4NH 3

CH3 COOC2 H5 + H 2 O CH3 COOH + C2 H5OH

CH3 COO CH 3 + H 2O CH 3 COOH + CH3OH

(iii) Benzaldehyde is treated with ammonial silver nitrate, silver mirror is