BER Performance Improvement of IEEE 802.15.

4 using
Hadamard Transform

I. INTRODUCTION
IEEE 802.15.4 Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Network is a network designed for low-power,
low-cost, and short-range wireless communications among inexpensive fixed, portable and moving
devices.
One of the major problems of IEEE 802.15.4 is the error-prone performance in harsh environment such
as industrial applications.
OQPSK is a very popular modulation method for degrade the error rate performance. It can be used to
achieve high power efficiency and high data rate.
A well-known code used in communication system is Hadamard transform. Hadamard transform on
IEEE 802.15.4 SISO (Single Input Single Output) system under OQPSK modulation scheme to
investigate the BER performance. The Hadamard transform is aimed to modify the output of OQPSK
modulation to obtain new constellations.

II. APPLYING HADARMAD TRANSFORM INTO IEEE 802.15.4

A. System Model

Figure 1. Applied Hadamard transform into IEEE 802.15.4 SISO system

Explanation of the figure 1 :

-

A random integer generator generates a number of samples at transmitter.

Samples from generator are processed as input to the spreader block, which is the
requirement of PHY layer of IEEE 802.15.4.
Then those integers are taken as input to the OQPSK modulation block. The output is then
encodedto be transmitted through antenna.
After that OQPSK modulation are sent to the de-spreader which is converted back to an
integer, contain 4 bits symbol.
4 bits symbol are compared with the original one and the BER is calculated.
The received sequences data are despreaded into 1 bit symbol.
The result then is compared with the original one to calculate the BER.

B. Hadarmad Transform
-

The Hadamard transform generally can be expressed as :

Hn = Hadamard matrix
x = Input matrix
y = Output matrix
-

The square form of Hadamard matrix could be formulated as :

In this Hadamard transform, assuming we have cas the signal points from the complex
constellation such as PSK or QAM. Hence, the Hadamard transform yields in :

Hn = Square Hadamard matrix

=

C. System Integration
From Eq. (2), if Hand
as :

are given, the Xn that is a result of multiplying H and

can be obtained

D. Performance Evaluation
Hadamard transform improves the BER performance of OQPSK wireless transmission because it
has lower BER compared to SISO system without applied Hadamard transform.

III. CONCLUSION
The simulation result shown that applied Hadamard transform on IEEE 802.15.4 with SISO system is
able to enhance the performance of the system in view of using the same power but the better BER
could be obtained.