Slide 1:

Good afternoon, everybody. Thank you

for the opportunity given to me. Let me
introduce myself. My name is Muhammad
Lukman Wahyudi, I am from Electrical
Engineering
Department,
Jenderal
Soedirman University. I will explain the
topic about A Comparison Study of Grid
Connected Inverters: 3-Level H-Bridge CSI,
5-Level Parallel H-Bridge CSI and
Simplified 5-Level CSI.

Slide 2:
Before I explain about the topic, I will give
the outlines of this presentation:
1. The first is research background.
2. The second is topology of 3-Level
H-Bridge CSI.
3. The third is topology of 5-Level
Parallel H-Bridge CSI.
4. The fourth is topology of
simplified 5-Level CSI.
5. The fifth is the computer
simulation test result.
6. And the last is conclusions.

Slide 3:
Research background.

The reasons why we used power grid

connected current source inverter
because it has some advantage features,
such as :
1. The first, current source inverter
has high quality output current
waveform.
Because
the
magnitude
of
harmonic
components are less than 1% and
total harmonic distortion are less
than 5%.
2. No need AC current sensor.
Because current source inverter
that is used by DC current source
is set by buck chopper.
3. Reliable. A Current source
inverter is reliable because can
avoid from short circuit.
Slide 4:
In the first part, I will explain about pure
sinusoidal power grid connected of
inverters. Next,

Slide 5:
This is the topology of pure sinusoidal
power grid connected 3-Level H-Bridge
CSI which operates in parallel.
This topology has 2 DC current
sources with MOSFET switch as the
output current controller. This topology
uses 8 IGBT power switches to control
current which will be injected to the
power grid. All of two transformers here
used as galvanic isolation to avoid the
damage in the inverter due to the large
voltage differences between the inverter
with power grid. The transformer also as
step-up the voltage from the inverter to
power grid.
This inverter operates to make 3
conditional levels. The first one is positive
current which is obtained from activating
Q1, Q3, Q5 and Q7 power switches. The
second condition is zero current which is
obtained from activating Q1, Q4, Q5 and
Q8 power switches. The last condition is
negative current, which is obtained from
activating Q2, Q4, Q6 and Q8 power
switches.

Slide 6:
Now we can see at control diagram
and PWM strategy.
In this PWM, the sinusoidal signal
here as the reference signal which will be
compared to triangle signal as the carrier
signal using comparator. The modulation
output will be injected to Q1 and Q3
power switches.
Meanwhile for the reference current,
uses DC current source which is controlled
by PI controller with feedback from DC
current sensor and will be compared to
triangle signal. And the output will be
injected to Qc1 MOSFET switch.

Slide 7:
This is the table of test parameters for
pure sinusoidal power grid connected
inverter.
The component value of DC chopper
inductor is 2.2 mH, etc.

Slide 8:
Now, this is the computer simulation
result for pure sinusoidal power grid
connected of 3-Level H-Bridge CSI.
This is waveform of power grid
voltage and secondary current of 1st and
2nd transformer, with modulation index is
0.9 and total injected current is 60 A.
next
Slide 9:
This is the harmonic spectra from
secondary current of 1st and 2nd
transformers with modulation index 0.9
and total current injected 60 A. This is the
value of harmonic orde from the 3rd orde
up to 13th orde.
As we can see at harmonic spectra,
that harmonic orde is very low or the
average is less than 1% when it is on the
low frequency.
Slide 10:
Now we will move on to the second
topology. This is 5-Level Parallel H-Bridge
CSI.
Same as previous topology in 3-Level
H-Bridge CSI, this topology uses 2 DC
current sources and 8 IGBT power
switches to control current which will be
injected to the power grid, but the
differences are, this topology operates in
parallel mode and only use 1 transformer
as galvanic isolation and step-up voltage.
This inverter operates to make 5
conditional levels. The first one is double
positive current condition, the second
condition is positive current, the third
condition is zero current, the fourth
condition is negative current and the last
condition is double negative current.
This is the switching table of 5-level
parallel H-bridge CSI in which 1 is the ON
switch and 0 is when the switch is off.
5-Level Parallel H-Bridge CSI also uses
control diagram and pulse width
modulation strategy which same with 3Level H-Bridge CSI.

Slide 11:
This is the computer simulation result
for pure sinusoidal grid connected of 5Level H-Bridge CSI.
This is the waveform of power grid
voltage, inverter current and secondary
current of the transformer with
modulation index is 0.9 and total injected
current is 60 A.

Slide 12:
And this is the harmonic spectra from
secondary current of the transformers
with modulation index 0.9 and total
current injected 60 A. this is the value of
harmonic orde from the 3rd orde up to
13th orde.

Slide 13:
This is the third topology that is pure
sinusoidal power grid connected of
Simplified 5-Level H-Bridge CSI.
Different with 2 previous topologies,
this topology uses 2 DC current source
which mounted in parallel and only uses 5
IGBT power switches. This topology also
only uses 1 transformer as galvanic
isolation and step-up the voltage. That's
why, this topology more simplified for 5Level CSI compared with other topology.
Topology of simplified 5-Level HBridge CSI operates to make 5 conditional
levels. The first one is positive current
which is obtained from activating Q1 and
Q3 power switches. The second condition
is a half positive current which is obtained
from activating Q1, Q3 and Q5 power
switches. The third condition is zero
current which is obtained from activating
Q1, Q4 and Q5 power switches. The
fourth condition is a half negative current
which is obtained from activating Q2, Q4
and Q5. And the last condition is negative
current, obtained from activating Q2 and
Q4 power switches.
This is the table of switching for
simplified 5-Level H-Bridge CSI.

Slide 14:
Pulse width modulation method in
simplified 5-level CSI is different with
pulse width modulation in 3-level HBridge CSI or 5-Level Parallel H-Bridge CSI.
The different of pulse width
modulation for simplified 5-level CSI is the
use of 4 carrier signals as triangle signal
C1, C2, C3 and C4 which will be
modulated by reference signal as
sinusoidal wave
The modulation output will be
injected to Q1 up to Q5 power switches.

Slide 15:
This is the computer simulation result
for pure sinusoidal power grid connected
of Simplified 5-Level CSI.
This is the waveform of power grid
voltage, inverter current and secondary
current of the transformer, with
modulation index is 0.9 and total injected
current is 60 A.

Slide 16:
And this is the harmonic spectra from
secondary current of the transformers
with modulation index 0.9 and total
current injected 60 A.
Now, I will explain a comparison of
harmonic components from those three
topologies that are already explained in
pure sinusoidal power grid connected
inverter condition.

Slide 17:
This is a comparison of harmonic
components from those three topologies.
In the first and second part of histogram
showing
magnitude
of
harmonic
components for first topology. And the
third part of histogram showing
magnitude
for
second
topology.
Meanwhile fourth histogram showing
magnitude for third topology.
It can be seen that the highest
harmonic components is from topology of
simplified 5-Level CSI.

Slide 18:
Next is a comparison of total
harmonic distortion from those previous
three topologies. Based on histogram in
the picture, the highest value of total
harmonic distortion is from 3-Level HBridge CSI.

Slide 19:
Now, we will move on to second
discussion about distorted grid connected
inverter.

Slide 20:
For distorted grid connected inverter,
the topology is same as previous
topology. The different is only at distorted
power grid with total harmonic distortion
is 12,3%.
The first picture for topology of 3Level H-Bridge CSI, the second picture for
topology of 5-Level Parallel H-Bridge CSI
and the last topology for simplified 5-level
CSI.

Slide 21:
This is the table of test parameters for
distorted grid connected inverter, which
there is an addition of distorted power
grid voltage is 12,3%.
Next I will show the result of
computer simulation from those previous
three topologies for distorted grid
connected inverter.

Slide 22:
This is waveform from power grid
voltage and secondary current of 1st and
2nd transformer for 3-Level H-Bridge CSI,
with modulation index is 0.9 and total
injected current is 60 A.

Slide 23:
This is the harmonic spectra from
secondary current of 1st and 2nd
transformers with modulation index 0.9
and total current injected 60 A for
distorted power grid 3-Level H-Bridge CSI.

This is the value of harmonic orde from

the 3rd orde up to 13th orde.
As we can see that distorted condition
cause the value of harmonic components
become high at 150Hz, 250Hz and 350Hz
frequency.

Slide 24:
This is the waveform of power grid
voltage, inverter current and secondary
current of the transformer for distorted
power grid 5-Level Parallel H-Bridge CSI,
with modulation index is 0.9 and total
injected current is 60 A.

Slide 25:
And this is the harmonic spectra from
secondary current of the transformers
with modulation index 0.9 and total
current injected 60 A for distorted power
grid 5-Level Parallel H-Bridge CSI.

Slide 26:
The last waveform is from topology of
distorted power grid simplified 5-Level
CSI. This is the waveform of power grid
voltage, inverter current and secondary
current of the transformer.

Slide 27:
And this is the harmonic spectrum
from secondary current of the
transformers with modulation index 0.9
and total current injected 60 A.
Now, I will show a comparison
harmonic components and total harmonic
distortion for distorted grid connected
inverter.

Slide 28:
This is a comparison of harmonic
components from those three topologies.
In the first and second part of histogram
showing
magnitude
of
harmonic
components for first topology. And the
third part of histogram showing
magnitude
for
second
topology.
Meanwhile fourth histogram showing
magnitude for third topology.

We can see that the highest harmonic

components is from topology of simplified
5-Level CSI.

Slide 29:
Next is a comparison of total
harmonic distortion from those previous
three topologies. Based on histogram in
the picture, the hihghest value of total
harmonic distortion is from 3-Level HBridge CSI.

Slide 30:
After I explained a comparison
between those three topologies for grid
connected inverter, we can conclude that: