.

Sandra Day OConnor:

The First Supreme Court Heroine

Sara Morales
Florentino Perez
Senior Division
Group Website

Annotated Bibliographies
Primary Sources

"After O'Connor." Wall Street Journal. 05 Jul. 2005: A20. eLibrary. Web. 11 Nov. 2014.
This document did not include an author. The audience that this document is trying to
target are the individuals that are interested in what Judge O'Connor left behind after her
retirement. The importance of including this in our reasearch is that it helps understand why
O'Connor was a big part of the Supreme Court and not just because she was the first woman to
sit on the on the highest court in the land. This compares to other sources that talk about how she
came to be the first woman on the Supreme Court of the United States.
"Agonistini v. Felton (1997)." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2014. Web. 11 Nov. 2014.
This document is a recount of the Agonistini v. Felton court case in 1997. It is delivered
by the supreme court justice Sandra Day OConnor, and what is being delivered is the overall
opinion of the jury about the case. This source is taken directly from the court case where the
final outcome of the case is given. The intended audience of this source is the official documents
of the United States and for people who are looking for information on this court case. This case
is one ofe OConnors most importatant cases because the Court chose to use the case
specifically to overrule some earlier precedents that had been made about the first ammendment.
The fact that the decision, written by Justice Sandra Day O'Connor on behalf of four colleagues
and herself, was contested by four dissenters, led by Justices David Souter and Ruth Bader
Ginsburg, also leaves open the possibility that this case might itself later be overturned. This
compares to the other source of Coleman v. Thompson where OConnor had a major decision to
make and had a very influential one at that. This source will be used to show the type of
leadership that was used to make such an important decision.
Bales, Scott. "IN HONOR OF SANDRA DAY O'CONNOR: JUSTICE SANDRA DAY
O'CONNOR: NO INSURMOUNTABLE HURDLES."Stanford law review 58.6 (2006):
1705-11. ProQuest. Web. 27 Oct. 2014.
This article written by Scott Bales, an adjunct professor from Arizona State University,
recalls the life and works of Justice OConnor. Among other things, he mentions that OConnor
was unique among her colleagues by virtue of her professional experience. She joined the Court
having served on Arizona's trial and appellate courts. Not only did she have experience as a trial
judge, but she was also the only Justice who had successfully campaigned for election to public
office and who had worked in each branch of state government. This article will be used to
discuss the achievements that OConnor had in her life. (legacy)

"Bethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser (1986)." American History. ABC-CLIO,
2014. Web. 11 Nov. 2014.
This document is a recount of the court case Bethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser. It
is the opinion of the court given by Chief Justice Burger. This is taken directly from the court
case where the final outcome of the actual case is given. The intended audience of this source is
the official documents of the United States and for people who are looking for information on
this court case. In this document of this particular court case in OConnors career, involved the
legitimacy of a suspension and other penalties given to a high school student for delivering a
speech during a public school assembly where he nominated another student for a school office.
The speech, which two faculty members had warned the student against delivering, contained
graphic sexual metaphor that resulted in, yells, gestures, and some embarrassment among the
students that the speech was being delivered to. Chief Justice Warren Burger's opinion for the
U.S. Supreme Court, joined by other justices, including Sandra Day OConnor, reversed the
lower U.S. courts' decisions and upheld the school's disciplinary sanctions. This compares to the
Colman v. Thompson case that OConnor worked on in 1991. This was an important case in
OConnors career, and she had an influential decision on the outcome of the court case
(leadership).
Cohen, Adam. "Sandra Day O'Connor's Careful Steps through the Judicial Landscape."
New York Times, Late Edition (East Coast) ed.: 0. Oct 30 2005. ProQuest. Web. 27 Oct.
2014 .
This article was written by Adam Cohen in the New York Times magazine where he talks
about the first time OConnor got nominated to the Supreme Court in 1981, in which she had to
face the argument of abortion rights that were occurring at that time. But OConnor proved both
sides right, claiming that abortion regulations should be upheld unless they imposed an undue
burden on womans abortion decision. By supporting abortion rights but allowing limitations,
OConnor ended up where most Americans are today. This article will be used to analyze the
strategies that Justice OConnor utilized to come to a conclusion in most of her cases.
(leadership)

"Coleman v. Thompson (1991)." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2014. Web. 11 Nov. 2014.
This document is a recount of the court case Coleman v. Thompson. It is delivered by the
supreme court justice Sandra Day OConnor, and what is being delivered is the overall opinion
of the jury about the case. This source is taken directly from the court case where the final
outcome of the case is given. The intended audience of this source is the official documents of
the United States and for people who are looking for information on this court case. In this court
case, the main issue was whether a state prisoner could pursue federal habeas corpus review
before a state court had concluded its review. The U.S. Supreme Court decision in this case
showed that federal courts can undertake habeas corpus review only if the petitioner can show
cause why state processes were not completed. In this case, OConnor said that the case was
about federalism and the respect federal courts owe state court processes. This compares to the
other source of Bethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser, which was also an important case in
OConnors career, however, in this case OConnor was the main justice in the case. This
contributes to the leadership of OConnor, where her decision was a major decision in the
outcome of the case.
"Commentary: Sandra Day O'Connor a force for balance in the Supreme Court."
All Things Considered 25 June 2003. Global Issues in Context. Web. 15 Oct. 2014.
This source is an audio source from All Things Considered, a national public radio that
Provides daily news analysis, commentary, features, interviews, and specials. This was intended
for the audience of the American people, announcing the Sandra Day OConnor was the deciding
vote in a 5-4 vote over the Dont Ask, Dont Tell policy. This source is used to demonstrate
the influence and impact that OConnor had on Americas court system (leadership)
"Frisby v. Schultz (1988)." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2014. Web. 11 Nov. 2014.
This document is a recount of the court case Coleman v. Thompson. It is delivered by the
supreme court justice Sandra Day OConnor, and what is being delivered is the overall opinion
of the jury about the case. This source is taken directly from the court case where the final
outcome was announced by OConnor. The intended audience of this source is the official
documents of the United States and for people who are looking for information on this court
case. In this case, the U.S. Supreme Court upheld a city ordinance that prohibited picketing in
residential neighborhoods because the ordinance was designed specifically to prevent picketing
targeted at a single household. The residents of that home effectively became a captive and
unwilling audience that had no means of escaping the picketing. Also, the picketing was not so
much public speech but directed at an individual. Moreover, there were alternative avenues for
the picketers' expression. Such a narrow reading and application of the ordinance made its
restriction on speech constitutional. This case is like the other sources used, such as the one
about Coleman v. Thompson because it was one of the major court cases that justice OConnor
was apart of. This case impacted her legacy because it dealt with her major choices about the
constitutionality of issues that were prevalent in society at the time.

"Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988)." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2014.

Web. 11 Nov. 2014.
This document is a recount of the court case Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier. It
is the opinion of the court given by Chief Justice White, and what is being delivered is the
overall opinion of the jury about the case. This source is taken directly from the court case
where the final outcome of the case is given. The intended audience of this source is the official
documents of the United States and for people who are looking for information on this court
case. This court case was about the right to free speech of high school students. In Tinker v. Des
Moines Independent Community School District (1969), the U.S. Supreme Court recognized that
high school students did not shed all their constitutional rights but had the right to wear
armbands to school in protest of the war in Vietnam. Especially when considered along with the
Supreme Court's decision in Bethel v. Frazer (1986), permitting punishment of a lewd, but not
obscene, high school speech, this case indicates that the Supreme Court still does not regard the
First Amendment rights of students to be equivalent to those of adults.This compares to the
source of Frisby v. Shulz because it dealt with the issue of constitutionality of certain topics that
were prevalent at the time. This court case helped add to the legacy that OConnor left with her
many important court case decisions that she made.
Interview: Sandra Day O'Connor Discusses Her Career as the First Female US Supreme
Court Justice. Washington, D.C.: National Public Radio, 2003. ProQuest. Web. 12 Nov.
2014.
This interview is was between O'Connor and an interviewer. The intended audience are
those who are interested in the life of O'Connor while she was justice at the Supreme Court. It
also mentions how O'Connor was not exactly a household name in 1981. She was a mid-level
appeals court state judge who had previously served in the Arizona Senate, she was, by her own
account, not exactly nationally recognized for her scholarship or judicial writing. The importance
regarding including this interview is so that we can analyze her career as the first female at the
court. This interview compares to other interviews that talk about her life while she was in the
Supreme Court.

"Justice O'Connor Accepts UNH Law Honorary Degree." Targeted News Service [TNS] 19
Oct. 2014. Infotrac Newsstand. Web. 12 Nov. 2014.
This source is a news article from the Infotrac Newstand newspaper. Infotrac Newstand is
a full-text newspaper resource that allows users to search articles instantly by title, headline,
date, author, newspaper section or other fields, eliminating having to search through newspaper
archives. The intended audience for this source is the general people of the United States to
inform them on the current updates of important American leaders and also students who are
doing an informative project on Sandra Day OConnor and the other said leaders. This source is
about how the UNH School of Law was honored to host retired United States Supreme Court
Justice SandraDay O'Connor who accepted an honorary degree at a luncheon in her honor.In
attendance at the luncheon were all justices of the New Hampshire Supreme Court and several
judges from the United States District Court for the District of New Hampshire.Later that day,
she and retired Justice David Souter spoke before an audience of more than one thousand people,
including many educators and students, at the nearby Capitol Center for the Arts, about what
could be done and is currently being done to make civics education a more meaningful part of
public education in the United States. This source will compare to that of the source where
President Obama is presenting OConnor the presidential medal of honor. This will be used to
show how much of a legacy that OConnor has left on the American nation.

"Justice O'Connor Criticizes Campaign Finance Ruling." All Things Considered 26 Jan.
2010. Global Issues in Context. Web. 15 Oct. 2014.
This source is an audio source from All Things Considered, a national public radio that
Provides daily news analysis, commentaries, interviews, and specials. This was intended for the
audience of the american people to inform them of OConnors weigh in on a controversial
decision by her former colleagues on the high court. This is going to be used as an example of
how OConnor still has a major impact on the country even after she retires (legacy).
"Justice Sandra Day OConnor becomes the first woman to sit on the Supreme Court on
September 25,..." UXL Encyclopedia of U.S. History. Sonia Benson, Daniel E. Brannen, Jr.,
and Rebecca Valentine. Vol. 6. Detroit: UXL, 2009. U.S. History In Context. Web. 15 Oct.
2014.
This source is an image from the UXL Encyclopedia of U.S History. This was intended
to inform the American people at the time OConnor was officially sworn in as the first female
supreme court justice. This picture will be used when talking about OConnors first moments as
a justice and the immediate impacts her role had on the nation (leadership).

Kennedy, Anthony M., and Day O. Sandra. "WILLIAM REHNQUIST AND SANDRA
DAY O'CONNOR: AN EXPRESSION OF APPRECIATION/RESPONSE." Stanford law
review 58.6 (2006): 1663,1671,1673-1674. ProQuest. Web. 27 Oct. 2014.
This speech was made by Anthony Kennedy in where he pays tribute to the lives and
works of Sandra Day OConnor, along with William Rehnquist. In his speech, he claims that by
them attending Stanford University, it helped them shape their lives and careers and it also gave
them the skills as scholars and professionals. This speech will be used to analyze the many
actions they had to take when they were young that shaped their ethical frameworks and beliefs
to contribute to the process of a free society. (leadership)
Keystone. OConnor Swears In. Getty Images. 01 Sep. 1981. eLibrary. Web. 12 Nov. 2014.
There is no stated photographer for this photo. The audience is those who were present at the
when O'Connor is sworn in before the Senate Judiciary Committee at a confirmation hearing on
her selection as a justice of the US Supreme Court. The importance of having this photograph is
because it is a visual of when O'Connor was selected as a justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. This
photo compares to other photos that show O'Connor in her place as a justice.
"Maryland v. Craig (1990)." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2014. Web. 11 Nov. 2014.
This document is a recount of the court case Maryland v. Craig. It is the opinion of the
court given by Chief Justice OConnor,and what is being delivered is the overall opinion of the
jury about the case. This source is taken directly from the court case where the final outcome of
the case is given. The intended audience of this source is the official documents of the United
States and for people who are looking for information on this court case. This case was a
controversial five-to-four decision where the U.S. Supreme Court majority ruled that a child
witness in a child abuse case may testify outside the defendant's physical presence by way of a
closed-circuit television without violating the defendant's right to confront one's accuser
guaranteed by the confrontation clause of the Sixth Amendment. The Court ruled that the
purposes for which the confrontation clause was intended were achieved. Moreover, there was a
legitimate state interest in protecting child witnesses. The majority also ruled, despite apparent
precedent and interpretation, that a face-to-face confrontation was not an absolute constitutional
right. This case was similar to the Planned Parenthood v. Casey case because it was one of the
most important cases that OConnor ever was on. She was the deciding vote in this case, which
helps leave a legacy and shows the leadership that she had to use for it.

"Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992)." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2014. Web. 11 Nov.
2014.
This document is a recalling of the Planned Parenthood v. Casey case from 1992. is
delivered by the supreme court justice Sandra Day OConnor, and what is being delivered is the
overall opinion of the jury about the case. This source is taken directly from the court case
where the final outcome of the case is given. The intended audience of this source is the official
documents of the United States and for people who are looking for information on this court
case. This court case was designed to settle the issue of abortion, the case stimulated numerous
other cases designed to test which kinds of restrictions on abortion were permissible and which
were not. Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey is one of the more
significant of these tests. While accepting a number of state-imposed restrictions on abortion,
three justices, Sandra Day O'Connor, Anthony Kennedy, and David Souter, used this opinion to
reaffirm the primary holding in Roe v. Wade by appealing to the doctrine of stare decisis, or
adherence to precedent. This was probably the most important court case the OConnor had ever
been apart of. This contrasts to the other cases that she worked on like Coleman v. Thompson
case that didnt have as big as an impact on her career. This led to her legacy because since she
was the only woman on the case she had a major impacrt on the final decision.
"President Obama Presents The Presidential Medal Of Freedom To Sandra Day O'Connor
In Washington." UPI Photo Collection. 2009. Global Issues in Context. Web. 15 Oct. 2014.
This photo was taken by the UPI Photo Collection, a news, opinion, and commentary
photo group. This photo was intended for the majority of American to be able to see Sandra Day
OConnor receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom presented by current president Barack
Obama. This photo will be used to demonstrate the legacy that OConnor left on the Supreme
Court and the United States.
"Retired U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor and Verizon Foundation
Launch Civics Contest for Middle School Students." Entertainment Close-up 24 Sept. 2011.
General OneFile. Web. 12 Nov. 2014.
This source is an article that is from Close-Up Media Inc. News, Views, Insights CloseUp Media is an independent digital media company dedicated to covering the world of business.
The intended audience for this source is for the people of the United States to be informed about
the current where abouts of the previous political leaders. This article is about Sandra Day
OConnors iCivics program, or the Civic Impact Challenge, which involves using iCivics, an
online education project that O'Connor spearheaded, to teach students civics and encourage them
to learn about their rights and responsibilities as citizens and to understand the workings of the
U.S. government. This source will compare to that of the succsses that OConnor had while still
in power of being a justice. This will be used to show the leadership and legacy that OConnor
still has throughout the nation.

"Ruth Bader Ginsberg And Sandra Day O'Connor Appear With Diane Sawyer At The
Women's Conference In Long Beach, California." UPI Photo Collection. 2010. Global
Issues in Context. Web. 15 Oct. 2014.
This photo was taken by the UPI Photo Collection, a news, opinion and commentary
photo group. This was intended for an audience of women to see the support OConnor was
giving them. This photo was taken of Sandra Day OConnor, Diane Sawyer, and another
supreme court judge Ruth Bader Ginsburg. This source will be used as a visual aid to portray
how OConnor was actively involved in womens rights and equality (leadership and legacy).
Dames, K. Matthew. "O'Connor's copyright legacy." Information Today Apr. 2006: 20+.
Gale Biography In Context. Web. 12 Nov. 2014.
This article was written by Matthew K. Dames. The audience that is targeted in this
document are those who are interested in her quotes and thoughts towards certain situations. This
document will be used to analyze her opinions on certain situations. This compares to other
sources that talk about her strategies and process on certain cases.
"Sandra Day O'Connor Interviews John Paul Stevens." Newsweek 3 Jan. 2011: 38. General
OneFile. Web. 12 Nov. 2014.
This interview was between O'Connor and John Paul Stevens, a former justice of the Supreme
Court. The audience that is targeted in this interview are those that want to know how the both of
them felt about their experiences in the Supreme Court. This interview will be used to analyze
the two former justices, mostly O'Connor, about how they felt about being overruled by a
changing court. This compares to the sources that talk about the many decisions O'Connor had to
make during her time of being in the court.
"Sandra Day O'Connor: quote on self-government." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2014.
Web. 27 Oct. 2014.
The author of this source was Sandra Day OConnor, the first woman on the United
States Supreme Court. It was a quote taken directly from OConnor about the need of self
governing by the states in America. The intended audience was for the people of the American
government to stress the need for not having too strong of a national government. This
illuminates the leadership role that OConnor had on the Supreme Court and how the legacy she
left for having independent states rights. This compares to other sources that talk about the things
O'Connor fought for.

"Sandra Day O'Connor: quote on the Supreme Court." American History. ABC-CLIO,
2014. Web. 27 Oct. 2014.
This quote was from Sandra Day OConnor, the first woman supreme court justice in
American history. It is about the role of the U.S supreme court system and the need to review
laws in the court system. This will compare to the other quote from OConnor about the rights of
the states and how the government is responsible for that compared to how this quote is talking
about the responsibilities of the supreme court. This will be used to show the type of leadership
she had within the supreme court.

Schorr, Lisbeth B. "The O'Connor Project: Intervening Early to Eliminate the Need for
Racial Preferences in Higher Education." Judicature 88.2 (2004): 92-6. ProQuest. Web. 12
Nov. 2014.
The author of this document is Lisbeth B. Schorr. The audience that is targeted in this
document are those who on the decisions that O'Connor made as a justice. This document talks
about the US Supreme Court's decision in Grutter v. Bollinger, in which upheld the
constitutionality and desirability of diversity programs that take race into account and which, in
effect, accord racial preferences to African American applicants to graduate school and the
action O'Connor decided to take. This compares to other sources that discuss the declarations
O'Connor made in her time of justice.
Sullivan, Thomas P. "Playing a Leadership Role." Judicature 89.6 (2006): 348-9.
ProQuest. Web. 12 Nov. 2014.
The author of this document is Thomas P. Sullivan, a person that dedicates his time on writing
reviews and talking about people's life. The audience intended for this document is for those who
are interested in knowing how O'Connor, the first woman on the Supreme Court, became the
most influential justice. The importance of including this document is because it goes into detail
of how Justice O'Connor became more influential as time went on by adopting limited rulings
rather than advocating major doctrinal changes or engaging in sweeping pronouncements.
Especially fascinating for Supreme Court watchers are explications-based partially on justices'
internal memoranda-of Jusdee O'Connor's relations with fellow Justices Harry Blackmun,
Brennan, Warren Burger, Antonin Scalia, and her early mentor on the Court, Justice Lewis
Powell. This compares to other sources that will discuss her achievements and the legacy she left
behind after retirement.

"Supreme Court Justices." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2014. Web. 12 Nov. 2014.
This chart is from the United States Supreme Court itself. The U.S Supreme Court is the
leader of the United States of Americas Judicial Branch, and is in charge of checking the
validity of the constitutionality of laws that are being enforced throughout the nation. The
intended audience for this source is the national archive of the country and for U.S citizens who
are trying to find information on the history of the U.S Supreme Court Justices of the United
States. This source will be similar to that of the picture of the Supreme Court Justices that were
in power at the time of OConnors term because they provide visual aids to show who was in
power. This source will be used to show the legacy that OConnor showed by being the first
female Justice on the Supreme Court.
The White House. Sandra Day OConnor Attends Retirement Dinner At White House.
Getty Images. 12 Apr. 2006. eLibrary. Web. 12 Nov. 2014.
There is not stated photographer in this photo. The audience is those who work at the White
House or those who want to see how was present at O'Connor's retirement dinner. The
importance of having this photograph is because it gives us a visual of who was at the dinner and
it shows the people who have helped her reach for her goals in the Supreme Court.
"The U.S. Supreme Court in 1982. Front row (left to right): Thurgood Marshall,
William J. Brennan..." Checks and Balances: The Three Branches of the American
Government. Ed. Lawrence W. Baker and Daniel E. Brannen, Jr. Vol. 3: Judicial. Detroit:
UXL, 2005. Student Resources in Context. Web. 12 Nov. 2014.
There is no stated photographer for this photo. The audience is those who are familiar
with the Justices that were in the court when O'Connor was assigned to her place. This
photograph shows the leadership that O'Connor had, since she was the only woman among all
those men, it shows the hard work and dedication she put in to get to that place. This compares to
other sources that talk about her work before she got put in the court.
Thomas, Evan., Taylor, Stuart Jr., Romano, Andrew., Gude, Karl.. "Queen of the
Center." Newsweek. 11 Jul. 2005: 24. eLibrary. Web. 12 Nov. 2014
The author of this document is Evan Thomas, and he is accompanied by other several
authors. The audience that is targeted in this document are those who want to know what legacy
O'Connor left at the Supreme Court. It will be used to analyze how her legacy at the Supreme
Court is not as a self-reliant throwback to the Old West, where she is from. Rather, as a justice,
she embodied an equally endangered species: the moderate establishment progressive, a centrist
in an age of ever-edgier extremes. This compares to other sources that talk about her life and
how she came a long way to being what she is now.

Secondary Sources
"Nomination of Sandra Day O'Connor." American Decades Primary Sources. Ed. Cynthia
Rose. Vol. 9: 1980-1989. Detroit: Gale, 2004. 237-241. Gale Biography In Context. Web. 15
Oct. 2014
The author of this source was the U.S Government Printing Office about the nomination
of Sandra Day OConnor to become a judge on the Supreme Court. This was written for the
intended audience of the U.S government as a means of keeping official records of government
history. This source will be used to give background on the means of Sandra Day OConnors
journey to becoming a supreme court justice.
O'Brien, Steven G. "Sandra Day O'Connor." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2014. Web. 27
Oct. 2014.
The author of this source is an author of many different books about American leaders
and history and also a writer for ABC-Clio. This source is a biography about Sandra Day
OConnor covering the basic background information about her and describing her role as the
most power judge on the Supreme Court at the time. The intended audience for this biography
about OConnor is people trying to gain basic knowledge of the judge. This contrasts to the
biography of OConnor from Wests Encyclopedia of American Law because it is not as in depth
as the other source. This is going to be used to help the audience further understand OConnors
leadership roles and the legacy she had on the American government system.
"O'Connor, Sandra Day." West's Encyclopedia of American Law. Ed. Shirelle Phelps and
Jeffrey Lehman. 2nd ed. Vol. 7. Detroit: Gale, 2005. 302-304. U.S. History In Context. Web.
15 Oct. 2014.
The author of this source was the Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, a solid source
that provides information on law issues that have occurred in the United States of America. This
entry into the encyclopedia was intended for anyone doing research on OConnor or looking up
biographical information on her. This is going to be used in the explanation of OConnors
background and how the general information of her time on the Supreme court went and the
influences she had (leadership).

"Sandra Day O'Connor." Photos/Illustrations. Library of Congress. American History.

ABC-CLIO, 2014. Web. 27 Oct. 2014.
The photographer of this source was from the Library of Congress, the national archive
of American government historical information. This is the basic portrait of the supreme court
justice Sandra Day OConnor. The intended audience for this picture is historical information
centers to be able to release the picture and information of Sandra Day OConnor. This compares
to the picture of OConnor receiving the presidential medal of honor from Barack Obama
because it shows the beginning of her legacy and the end of her legacy.

Savage, David G. "O'Connor Receives ABA Medal." ABA Journal 08 1997: 98. ProQuest.
Web. 27 Oct. 2014 .
This magazine written by David G. Savage talks about how Justice OConnor came to
receive the ABA Medal of honor with its highest award on August 2. during the opening
assembly of the 1997 annual meeting in San Francisco. OConnor was the 59th ABA Medal
winner since the honor was inaugurated in 1929, joining numerous fellow justices who have
received it. She was not, however, the first woman to receive the medal. This magazine article
will be used to analyze how she came to receive this medal of honor.