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The history of sushi in Japan began around the 8th century. The original type
of sushi was first developed in Southeast Asia as a means of preserving fish in
fermented rice. In the Muromachi period, people began to eat the rice as well as
the fish.
The Oxford English Dictionary notes the earliest written mention of sushi in an 1893
book, Japanese Interiors, where it mentions that "Domestics served us with tea and sushi or
rice sandwiches".[8][9] However, there is also mention of sushi in a Japanese-English
dictionary from 1873,[10] and an 1879 article on Japanese cookery in the journal Notes and
Queries.[11]
A report of sushi being consumed in Britain occurred when the then Prince Akihito (born
1933) visited Queen Elizabeth II during her Coronation in May 1953.[12][13] In America in
September 1953, Prince Akihito is noted with serving sushi at the Japanese Embassy in
Washington, hosted by Ambassador Eikichi Araki (18911959).[14]
Sushi was first introduced to the United States in the mid-1960s, possibly at the Kawafuku
restaurant in the Little Tokyo neighborhood of Los Angeles.[15] The California roll was
invented in Los Angeles, by substituting a slice of avocado for the seasonal toro (fatty tuna)
in a traditional maki roll.
For almost the next 800 years, until the early 19th century, sushi slowly changed and
the Japanese cuisine changed as well. The Japanese started eating three meals a day, rice
was boiled instead of steamed, and most important of all, rice vinegar was invented. While
sushi continued to be produced by fermentation of fish with rice, the time of fermentation was
gradually decreased and the rice used began to be eaten along with the fish.