The Cure for the Modern Male Malaise: The

5 Switches of Manliness
by Brett on May 9, 2011 160 comments
in A Man's Life, On Manhood

A few weeks ago, I

caught the premiere of the Discoverys Channels Human Planet, a television show about the
ways people have adapted to survive in Earths most extreme environments. Perhaps a better
name for the program would have been Man Planet, as the show primarily chronicled the
incredible feats of men around the worldmen the tentacles of civilization have barely grazed.
There were men mining sulfur from an active volcano; men diving dozens of feet and holding
their breath for five minutes at a time to spear fish on the ocean floor; men initiating their sons
into manhood by teaching them how to train eagles to hunt. Even seemingly pedestrian tasks
like taking your kids to school were fraught with danger; a father escorted his children on a 60
mile journey through the Himalayas, watching for potential avalanches and walking over a
frozen river that could have cracked open at any moment.
I was immediately taken in by the shows spectacular cinematography. But it was the image of
these men straining and sweating, risking life and limb to provide for and feed their families that
really caught my attention.
And by the end of the show, a bunch of things Ive been thinking about for awhile had coalesced
together.

Whats Plaguing Modern Men?

There has been a copious amounts of hand wringing lately about the state of modern men, about
the fact that men appear to be falling behind in life and seem unmotivated and listless.
Why all this concern? The statistics are familiar to anyone who has read this genre of articles:

Women are more likely than men to graduate from high school.
Only 44% of undergraduates at community and four year colleges are men.
Female college students have higher grade point averages than men and are more likely
to graduate within four years.
According to the US Census, Among young adults 25 to 29, 35 percent of women and
27 percent of men possessed a bachelors degree or more in 2009. This gap has grown
considerably in the last decade: it was only 3 percentage points in 1999 (30 percent for
women, 27 percent for men).
Women are 60% more likely than men to earn a bachelors degree by the time they are
23.
According to the US Census, for the first time in history, more women than men are
earning advanced degrees. In the 25-29 age group, 9 percent of women and 6 percent of
men held either a masters, professional (such as law or medical) or doctoral degree.
Nearly six out of ten adults holding advanced degrees between the ages of 25 and 29 are
women.
Men lost 3/4 of the 8 million jobs that disappeared during the recession.
For the first time in history, there are now more women in the workforce than men.
1/3 of men ages 22-34 still live at home with their parents. An increase of 100% in the
last 20 years. According to the census, among young adults ages 18-24, 56 percent of
men and 48 percent of women still live at home with their parents.

Plenty of theories have been offered as to what is behind these statistics. Some say the economy
is to blame, as traditionally male industries have been moved off shore or gone extinct. Another
reason given is that corporate culture and bureaucracy have sucked the soul out of men and taken
away their manly autonomy. Others say its our consumer culture and the rise of particularly
time-sucking hobbies like video games. And some say the root of the problem is feminism, the
changing dynamic of male/female relationships, and the cheapness of sex.
But I would argue that there isnt just one thing that you can point at and decisively say, That
one. That one was the man killer. Instead, the source of the modern males lack of motivation is
a conglomeration of all these factors. In short, the problem is modern life in general.
To me the modern world is the best possible world to live in, without a doubt. The advancements
weve made in technology and culture have made life safer, freer, and longer than ever before.
At the same time, no matter how unmitigated a good is, there are always unintended
consequences that we have to grapple with. And the unintended consequence of modern life is
that men feel lost and adrift.

The Wild Man Navigates Life in the 21rst Century

Our forefathers had civilization inside themselves, the wild outside. We live in
the civilization they created, but within us the wilderness still lingers. What they
dreamed, we live, and what they lived, we dream. -T.K. Whipple
Over tens of thousands of years, our manly ancestors evolved unique psychological traits that
helped them survive and thrive in a dangerous, hardscrabble world. While we like to think that
were cultured and sophisticated and quite a distance beyond all that, all men still have these
primitive psychological traits embedded deep inside them. As we can see from a show like
Human Planet, there are still men who live this way right now. The modern society we enjoy
today represents a mere blink in the long history of humanity.
And so we have a mismatch, where for men in the developed world the inner elements of
masculinity remain unchanged, while the outer landscape in which those elements exist has been
dramatically altered. Instead of spending most of our time outside each day, we spend the
majority of it inside. Instead of braving the elements, we spend our time in climate-controlled
environments. Instead of making things with our hands, we select items from the hundreds that
line the aisles of gigantic stores. Instead of hunting down our dinner, we buy our meat pre-cut, in
Styrofoam containers. Instead of being looked to as leaders of the tribe, we see ourselves
lampooned in the media as bumbling and inept.
The primal elements of masculinity sit within us like a well-trained regiment of soldiers that is
ready and itching to fight, but sits waiting restlessly, and endlessly, in reserve. Core aspects of
the male psyche lie dormant, and men find themselves as square pegs trying to fit into a round
hole. Having butted up against this mismatch over and over again, men are feeling angry and
restless, losing their motivation, and giving up.

Modern Man: Stuck Between a Rock and a Hard Place

There are many more pundits who like to describe the problem with men today than actually
propose a solution. And when a solution is proffered, it typically takes the form of Get over it
men. Your sun has set. Move on. Its a womans world now. And what this typically translates
to is this: become more like women. Get in touch with your feelings, become more nurturing,
and train to join the thriving, and traditionally female-dominated careers like nursing. The square
peg is told to smooth off his sharp corners.
The other solution that some men take is to put themselves back in an environment similar to our
caveman ancestors, so those unique male attributes are actually useful again. Men like Chris
McCandless and Eustace Conway returned to the wild to live a more primitive lifestyle in order
to reclaim their manliness and find themselves.
And so here we arrive at the crux of the problem. The solution offered to men by somebecome
more like women and leave behind traditional manlinessis not attractive to most guys. And the
idea of going to live in a cave or an abandoned bus to live off the land isnt a viable or desirable
option either for most. And thus men find themselves at what seems like a rock and a hard place.

Feeling like there is no way forward, they sit down and surrender, and simply content themselves
with drifting along.
Now some say that the drifting male isnt really a problem at all. That men are obsolete and there
isnt a role for them to play in the modern world anyway. To which I say, bullocks!
Its great that women finally have the freedom and opportunities to be their best, but society
needs to have both sexes striving to reach their fullest potential.
Men at their best will be needed in every time and in every place. Our unique attributes are no
longer always called upon for hunting dinner and doing battle (although as the recent killing of
Osama bin Laden testifies, we certainly still need men for that). But we still need men to become
leaders of families, honorable statesmen, innovators and entrepreneurs, teachers and mentors,
and worthy brothers, husbands, and citizens. Men at their best have something unique to offer the
world no matter what the changing landscape. Men are absolutely vital to the continued health of
society. To throw up our hands and say were obsolete is beyond silly. We just need to learn to
re-purpose our unique manly traits for our new environment.
Theres still a role for men to play in the world. We simply need to find a way to get motivated
and going again. To get back on the horse.

Flipping the Switches of Manliness

The solution for the modern male malaise lies at the heart of the idea behind the Art of Manliness
itself: to move forward by looking back.
The solution means moving beyond the all-or-nothing proposition we sometimes feel we are
stuck with. Men feel like they cannot fully embrace the old ways nor move into the new ways,
and so they decide to do nothing at all. But it doesnt have to be an all or nothing proposition.
You dont have to become a sensitive ponytail guy OR a Neanderthal.
Something that has helped me lately is picturing those unique primordial male characteristics as
power switches that are either on or off. When these switches are turned on, they activate our
Wild Man. Talked about in books like Iron John and Wild at Heart, and here on AoM, the Wild
Man is the spirited, primal part of a mans soul.
And the thing Ive discovered is that you can activate your Wild Man by doing things far short of
running down a herd of antelope for your dinner. You can take the parts of masculinity that have
been an integral part of manliness for thousands of years and make sure some semblance of them
are operating in your life. Not to the extent that they were manifested in the lives of primitive
man, but active nonetheless. Sometimes we dont move forward in our life because we think the
solution to our problem must be complicated and arduous to be effective. But the switches of
manliness can be turned on in surprisingly small and simple ways.
What are the switches of manliness?

I know its debatable, and everyone is going to have their opinion as to what they are, but I
personally believe that there are five switches that every man must turn on in order to power his
spiritedness and flip on the motivation that allows him to reach his full potential:

Legacy
Providing
Physicality
Nature
Challenge

Over the next several weeks, well be exploring each of the these switches, both the sociology
and biology behind them, but also the practical ways to flip the switches in your life so you can
rein in your restlessness, activate your manliness, and cure the modern male malaise you might
be feeling.