Western Philippines University

Civil Engineering Department

Dr. Cesario A. Bacosa Jr,MCE
(Geotechnical and Structural Engineer)
Earthquake Engineering

Module 2
EARTHQUAKE FORCES
Seismic forces were determined based on the equivalent static force procedure and computed following the
provisions of NSCP 2001. The total design base shear in a given direction shall be determined from the following
equation:

Cv I
W
RT
2.5 Ca I
V
W
But shall not be less than:
R
V 0.11Ca IW
Need not Exceeds:

For Seismic Zone 4, V shall not be less than:

0.8 Z N v I
W
R

LOAD COMBINATIONS
Reinforced concrete sections shall be designed using the strength design methods. Using the load factors
and critical load combination from the following:
Assume the size of the Beam
@ Roof Deck
B1 = 300mm x 500mm = 10 pcs 10m
B2 = 300mm x 500mm = 6 pcs 5m
B3 = 300mm x 500mm = 24 pcs 10m
B4 = 300mm x 500mm = 13 pcs 5m
B5 = 300mm x 500mm = 1 pc 8m
rd

@ 3 floor
B1 = 300mm x 500mm = 10 pcs 10m
B2 = 300mm x 500mm = 6 pcs 5m
B3 = 300mm x 500mm = 24 pcs 10m
B4 = 300mm x 500mm = 13 pcs 5m
B5 = 300mm x 500mm = 1 pc 6m
nd

@ 2 floor
B1 = 300mm x 500mm = 10 pcs 10m
B2 = 300mm x 500mm = 6 pcs 5m
B3 = 300mm x 500mm = 24 pcs 10m
B4 = 300mm x 500mm = 13 pcs 5m

B5 = 300mm x 500mm = 1 pc 6m
Assume all column size is 500mm x 500mm
Slab thickness = 150mm
Walling (CHB 0.1 x 0.2 x 0.4 )

COMPUTATION FOR DEAD LOAD

@ Roof Deck
Beam
B1
B2
B3
B4
B2

B
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3

H
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

Length Concrete
Quantity Total
10m
23.56 = 35.34
5
5m
23.56 = 17.67
3
10m
23.56 = 35.34 12
5m
23.56 = 17.67 5
8m
23.56 = 28.27
1
Total

176.7kN
53.01kN
424.08kN
88.35kN
28.27 kN
=

1
1
0.5

15
0.1
0.5

50
130

900 kN
306.28 kN

B
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3

H
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

Length Concrete
Quantity Total
10m
23.56 = 35.34
5
5m
23.56 = 17.67
3
10m
23.56 = 35.34
12
5m
23.56 = 17.67
5
6m
23.56 = 21.20
1
Total

176.7kN
53.01kN
424.08kN
88.35kN
21.20kN
=

1
5
0.5

15
0.1
0.5

50
130

900 kN
1531.4kN

B
0.3
0.3

H
0.5
0.5

Length Concrete
Quantity Total
10m
23.56 = 35.34
5
5m
23.56 = 17.67
3

770.41kN
Ceiling
Wall
Column 1

1.2
= 900
23.56 = 306.28
23.56 = 5.89
16

1
1

94.24kN
Total
=
2070.9kN

rd

@ 3 floor
Beam
B1
B2
B3
B4
B2

763.34kN
Ceiling
Wall
Column 5

1.2
= 900
23.56 = 1531.4
23.56 = 29.45
16

1
1

471.2kN
Total
=
3665.9kN

nd

@ 2 floor
Beam
B1
B2

176.7kN
53.01kN

B3
B4
B2

0.3
0.3
0.3

0.5
0.5
0.5

10m
5m
6m

23.56 = 35.34
23.56 = 17.67
23.56 = 21.20

12
5
1
Total

424.08kN
88.35kN
21.20kN
=

763.34kN
Ceiling
Wall
Column 5

1
5
0.5

15
0.1
0.5

50
130

1.2
= 900
23.56 = 1531.4
23.56 = 57.72 16

1
1

900 kN
1531.4 kN

471.2kN
Total
=
3665.9kN

The following data give from NSCP

Cv = 0.69
S = 1.0
I = 1.0
R = 5.6
Ct = 0.0731
V = CvIw / RT = 0.69(1.0)(9402.7) / 5.6(0.56) = 2068.83kN
F4 = (2068.83 0) 31050 / 86038.5 = 746.61kN
F3 = (2068.83 0) 36659 / 86038.5 = 881.48kN
F2 = (2068.83 0) 18329.5 / 86038.5 = 440.7kN
Total =
2068.83kN
T = Ct (hn)3/4; T<0.70 (second)
T = 0.0731 (15) = 0.56 < 0.7
Moment at the base
M = 746.61(15) + 881.48 (10) + 440.7(5) = 22217.45kN-m

Level
Roof
3
2

Wx
2070.9
3665.9
3665.9
9402.7

Floor Shear and Moment

Level
Vx
Roof
746.61 11199.15
3
1628.09 8814.8
2
2068.8

hx
15
10
5

Mn
3.54
2.36
2203.5
22217.45

A4 = F4(g) / W4 = 746.61(9.81) / 2070.9 = 3.54

A3 = F3(g) / W4 = 881.48(9.81) / 3665.9 = 2.36
A2 = F3(g) / W4 = 440.7(9.81) / 3665.9 = 1.18

Spectral Acceleration

Wxhx
Fx
31050
746.61
36659
881.48
18329.5 440.7
86038.5 2068.83

An

1.18

M4 = hx(Fx) = 15(746.61) = 11199.15

M3 = hx(Fx) = 10(881.48) = 8814.8
M2 = hx(Fx) = 5(440.7) = 2203.5

Over Turning and Resisting moment

RM = R(L) ;
R = 0.85(w)
3R = 0.85(2070.9 + 3665.9 + 3665.9) = 2664.1kN
Resisting moment (RM) = 2664.1(3) = 7992.3kN-m
st

Column Shear at 1 floor

V+2V+2V+2V+2V+V = 2068.8
10V = 2068.8
V = 206.8kN (Exterior)
2V = 413.6kN (Interior)
nd

Column Shear at 2 floor

10V = 1628.09
V = 162.8kN (Exterior)
2V = 325.62kN (Interior)
rd

Column Shear at 3 floor

10V = 746.61
V = 74.661kN (Exterior)
2V = 149.32kN (Interior)
Moment at column
= 206.8(5/2) =517kN-m
= 413.6(5/2) = 1034kN-m
= 162.8(5/2) =407kN-m
= 325.62(5/2) = 814.1kN-m
= 74.661(5/2) =186.65kN-m
= 149.32(5/2) = 373.3kN-m
Moment at Beam (Exterior)
=517 kN-m
= 407 kN-m
= 186.65 kN-m
Moment at Beam (Interior)
= 1034 kN-m
= 814.1 kN-m
= 373.3 kN-m

Shear at Beam (Exterior)

V1 = 2(517) / 10 = 103.4 kN
V2 = 2(407) / 10 = 81.4 kN
V3 = 2(186.65) / 10 = 37.33 kN
Axial Force (Load of Column Exterior)
P1 = 222.13 kN
P2 = 118.73 kN
P3 = 37.33 kN

Shear at Beam (Interior)

V1 = 2(1034) / 10 = 206.8 kN
V2 = 2(814.1) / 10 = 162.82 kN
V3 = 2(373.3) / 10 = 74.66 kN
Axial Force (Load of Column Interior)
P1 = 444.28 kN
P2 = 237.48 kN
P3 = 74.66 kN

SEISMIC LOAD
TABULATION (LONGITUDINAL)
LEVEL

BEAM

RD
3
2

EXTERIOR
V
M
37.33
186.65
81.4
407
103.41 517

V
74.661
162.8
206.8

EXTERIOR
M
457.775
996
1265.1

LEVEL

RD
3
2

V
74.66
162.82
206.8

INTERIOR
M
373.3
814.1
1034

COLUMN
P
37.33
118.73
222.13

V
149.32
325.62
413.6

INTERIOR
M
915.55
1992
2530.175

Vact = 0.40 (1) (9402.7) / 8.5 (0.70) = 632.11 kN

Vmax = 2.5 (0.28)(1)(9402.7) / 8.5 = 774.34 kN
Vmin = 0.11(0.28)(1)(9402.7) = 289.6 kN
Vmax>Vact>Vmin
OK!!

Stiffness of Structures and Displacement

Column (500mm x 500mm)
Fc` = 27 Mpa
E = 4700fc` = 470027 = 24421.92 N/mm
I = 1/12 (500)(500) = 10416666.67 mm
K = EI/L = 24421.92 N/mm(10416666.67 mm) / 5(1000) = 50879000.02
L1 = (746.61 + 881.48 + 440.7)1000 / 50879000.02 = 0.0406
L2 = [(746.61 + 881.48)1000 / 50879000.02]+0.0406 = 0.0726
L3 = [(746.61+ 881.48)1000 / 50879000.02]+0.0726= 0.105
mRD = w / g = 2070.9 / 9.81 = 211.1
WRD = k / m = 50879000.02 / 211.1 = 33.79
TRD = 2pie / W = 0.186 sec
m3 = w / g = 3665.9 / 9.81 = 373.7
W3 = k / m = 50879000.02 / 373.7 = 19.1
T3 = 2pie / W = 0.33 sec
m2 = w / g = 3665.9 / 9.81 = 373.7
W2 = k / m = 50879000.02 / 373.7 = 19.1
T2 = 2pie / W = 0.33 sec

P
74.66
237.48
444.28