Web-Based Virtual Gallery Using WebGL

Technology
Abstract - Painting is one part of art. Many painting artworks were shown in an exhibition. The reason
artists have an exhibition are to sell their paintings or just to show their paintings to the public. In the
presence of new technology, such as Virtual Reality and Internet, It can overcome space, time and
location restrictions, thus artists can create a web-based virtual gallery accessible over internet. It will be
easier to access and to enjoy the paintings in the gallery. In this paper, we create web-based virtual
gallery with webGL and we make the user-interface of virtual gallery as interactive as possible, so that
users can feel interested and can enjoyed the paintings completely.
Keyword: Virtual Reality, Virtual Gallery, WebGL, Web-based, Exhibition

Interface metaphor
An Interface metaphor is a set of user interface visuals, actions and procedures that exploit specific
knowledge that users already have of other domains. The purpose of the interface metaphor is to give
the user instantaneous knowledge about how to interact with the user interface. They are designed to
be similar to physical entities but also have their own properties (e.g., desktop metaphor and web
portals). They can be based on an activity, an object, or a combination of both and work
with users' familiar knowledge to help them understand the unfamiliar, and placed in terms the user
may better understand.
On the Web, we can make use of metaphors in different ways. In general, conceptual metaphors are a
great tool to increase the user experience of the website. However, beware to use metaphors with
caution and not overload the website with them. Metaphors that are used consciously can help users
understand abstract content, create a sense of familiarity, trigger emotions, draw attention, or motivate
action.
Metaphors on the Web can represent a whole website, or single elements on the site. They can be
either interaction or content metaphors and they can be both visual and verbal.

Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-simulated environment that can simulate physical presence in places
in the real world or imagined worlds. Most current virtual reality environments are primarily visual
experiences, displayed either on a computer screen or through special stereoscopic displays, but some
simulations include additional sensory information, such as sound through speakers or headphones.
The simulated environment can be similar to the real world in order to create a lifelike experiencefor
example, in simulations for pilot or combat trainingor it can differ significantly from reality, such as in
VR games. In practice, it is currently very difficult to create a high-fidelity virtual reality experience,
because of technical limitations on processing power, image resolution, and communication bandwidth.
However, the technology's proponents hope that such limitations will be overcome as processor,
imaging, and data communication technologies become more powerful and cost-effective over time.
There are several use of VR technology:

Heritage and archaeology

VR reconstruction
Fiction
Motion pictures
Radio
Fine art
Games
Music
Therapeutic uses
Training

Online Art Gallery

An online art gallery refers to a website that display artworks. Usually, the online gallery is run as a
business, with the purpose of displaying the artwork being to promote it to potential buyers. Other
variations include:

An online art market for collectors also known as an online secondary market. * A contemporary art
gallery displaying art work from their current, future, or past exhibitions, most often to promote the
exhibitions, rather than with a view to selling the work via the website.

An artist hosting their own gallery, either on their own website or on other websites. This approach
is usually adopted with a view to increasing the percentage of the sale price the artist themselves
receive.

A website which conducts art competitions and art contests for artists to compete against other
artists in order to gain recognition for their art and artistic talents. This is the equivalent of a "bricks

& mortar" art gallery or art organization conducting a juried competition and having a group
exhibition of the winners, but this event is being conducted online
(e.g. http://www.lightspacetime.com).

There are a number of online galleries that represent many artists working in different media and
genre. The artist either pays a monthly fee or agrees to a commission paid when the work is sold.
These are usually non-exclusive and are therefore a risk free opportunity for the artist to sell their
work worldwide. They can be found by using search terms such as "original art" or "online art
gallery".

Viewing art online is an improving experience. Ideally, art should appear exactly as it would if seen in the
real world, but there are factors that limit the extent to which this is possible. Factors include:

Whether or not natural lighting can be approximated

The extent to which a viewer is able to see the art from various angles i.e. other than head-on
The impact on art that uses layering or raised effects when it is not viewable as a three-dimensional
object

WebGL
WebGL (Web Graphics Library) is a JavaScript API for rendering interactive 3D graphics and 2D graphics
within any compatible web browser without the use of plug-ins.[2] WebGL is integrated completely into
all the web standards of the browser allowing GPU accelerated usage of physics and image processing
and effects as part of the web page canvas. WebGL elements can be mixed with other HTML elements
and composited with other parts of the page or page background.[3] WebGL programs consist of control
code written in JavaScript and shader code that is executed on a computer's Graphics Processing
Unit (GPU). WebGL is designed and maintained by the non-profit Khronos Group.
WebGL scenes can be created without programming using a content creation tool such
as Blender, CopperCube or Autodesk Maya. The scenes are then exported to WebGL. There are also
services to publish interactive 3D content online using WebGL. Additionally, Mozilla Firefox
implemented built-in WebGL tools starting with version 27 that allow editing vertex and fragment
shaders.

1. Finding Assets in Internet.

Daftar pustaka:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_reality
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_art_gallery
http://blog.usabilla.com/how-metaphors-can-improve-your-user-experience/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_metaphor
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebGL
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procedural_programming