modulate :: Functions (Signal Processing Toolbox)

1 of 2

jar:file:///C:/Program%20Files/MATLAB/R2011a/help/toolbox/signal/hel...

modulate
Modulation for communications simulation

Syntax
y = modulate(x,fc,fs,'method')
y = modulate(x,fc,fs,'method',opt)
[y,t] = modulate(x,fc,fs)

Description
y = modulate(x,fc,fs,'method') and
y = modulate(x,fc,fs,'method',opt) modulate the real message signal x with a carrier frequency fc and
sampling frequency fs, using one of the options listed below for 'method'. Note that some methods accept an option,
opt.

Method

Description

amdsb-sc

Amplitude modulation, double sideband, suppressed carrier. Multiplies x by a sinusoid of

frequency fc.

or

y = x.*cos(2*pi*fc*t)
am
amdsb-tc

Amplitude modulation, double sideband, transmitted carrier. Subtracts scalar opt from x and
multiplies the result by a sinusoid of frequency fc.
y = (x-opt).*cos(2*pi*fc*t)
If the opt parameter is not present, modulate uses a default of min(min(x)) so that the
message signal (x-opt) is entirely nonnegative and has a minimum value of 0.

amssb

Amplitude modulation, single sideband. Multiplies x by a sinusoid of frequency fc and adds

the result to the Hilbert transform of x multiplied by a phase shifted sinusoid of frequency fc.
y =
x.*cos(2*pi*fc*t)+imag(hilbert(x)).*sin(2*pi*fc*t)
This effectively removes the upper sideband.

fm

Frequency modulation. Creates a sinusoid with instantaneous frequency that varies with the
message signal x.
y = cos(2*pi*fc*t + opt*cumsum(x))
cumsum is a rectangular approximation to the integral of x. modulate uses opt as the
constant of frequency modulation. If opt is not present, modulate uses a default of
opt = (fc/fs)*2*pi/(max(max(x)))
so the maximum frequency excursion from fc is fc Hz.

pm

Phase modulation. Creates a sinusoid of frequency fc whose phase varies with the
message signal x.
y = cos(2*pi*fc*t + opt*x)
modulate uses opt as the constant of phase modulation. If opt is not present, modulate
uses a default of

10/16/2014 6:18 PM

modulate :: Functions (Signal Processing Toolbox)

2 of 2

Method

jar:file:///C:/Program%20Files/MATLAB/R2011a/help/toolbox/signal/hel...

Description
opt = pi/(max(max(x)))
so the maximum phase excursion is radians.

pwm

Pulse-width modulation. Creates a pulse-width modulated signal from the pulse widths in x.
The elements of x must be between 0 and 1, specifying the width of each pulse in fractions
of a period. The pulses start at the beginning of each period, that is, they are left justified.
modulate(x,fc,fs,'pwm','centered')
yields pulses centered at the beginning of each period. y is length length(x)*fs/fc.

ppm

Pulse-position modulation. Creates a pulse-position modulated signal from the pulse

positions in x. The elements of x must be between 0 and 1, specifying the left edge of each
pulse in fractions of a period. opt is a scalar between 0 and 1 that specifies the length of
each pulse in fractions of a period. The default for opt is 0.1. y is length
length(x)*fs/fc.

qam

Quadrature amplitude modulation. Creates a quadrature amplitude modulated signal from

signals x and opt.
y = x.*cos(2*pi*fc*t) + opt.*sin(2*pi*fc*t)
opt must be the same size as x.

If you do not specify 'method', then modulate assumes am. Except for the pwm and ptm cases, y is the same size as
x.
If x is an array, modulate modulates its columns.
[y,t] = modulate(x,fc,fs) returns the internal time vector t that modulate uses in its computations.

See Also
demod | fskdemod | modem.genqamdemod | modem.mskdemod | modem.pamdemod | modem.pammod |
modem.qammod | pmdemod | vco
Was this topic helpful?

Yes

No

1984-2011 The MathWorks, Inc. Terms of Use Patents Trademarks Acknowledgments

10/16/2014 6:18 PM