Alternative Specifications

Alternative Specifications
for
Green Residential Building
suzanne zuniga AIA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION, GENERAL NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
DIVISION 1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
no sections
DIVISION 2 SITE CONSTRUCTION
02220 Deconstruction
02315 Excavation and Fill
02780 Unit Pavers
DIVISION 3 CONCRETE
03100 Concrete Formwork
03300 Cast-In-Place Concrete
DIVISION 4 MASONRY
04220 Concrete Masonry Units
DIVISION 5 METALS
05120 Structural Steel
05210 Steel joists
05410 Load Bearing Metal Studs
DIVISION 6 WOOD AND PLASTICS
06050 Fasteners and Adhesives
06070 Wood Treatment
06100 Rough Carpentry
06150 Wood Decking
06170 Prefabricated Structural Wood
06180 Glue Laminated Construction
DIVISION 7 THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION
07110 Damproofing
07210 Building Insulation
07300 Roofing
07900 Joint Sealers
DIVISION 8 DOORS AND WINDOWS
08000 Interior Doors
08000 Exterior Doors
08360 Overhead Doors
08500 Windows
08620 Tubular Skylights
DIVISION 9 FINISHES
09250 Gypsum Board
09300 Tile
09640 Wood Flooring
09650 Resilient Flooring
09680 Carpet
09900 Paint and Coatings
DIVISION 10 SPECIALTIES
no sections
DIVISION 11 EQUIPMENT
11200 Rainwater Collection
2
11450 Residential Equipment

DIVISION 12 FURNISHINGS
12300 Manufactured Casework
DIVISION 13 SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION
no sections
DIVISION 14 CONVEYING SYSTEMS
no sections
DIVISION 15 MECHANICAL
15100 Plumbing
15500 Heat Generation
DIVISION 16 ELECTRICAL
no sections
REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION:
The specifications that are contained in this document have evolved from
research and architectural practice. I am not a trained spec writer. However, I am
publishing these specifications on the web because information must be shared if
we are going to achieve a more sustainable built environment. In the spirit of
cooperation, I invite other architects, builders, specification writers and
homeowners to contribute to this evolving document.
In addition to specifications, I have made every effort to include specific products,
materials, and systems that are generally accepted to be more compatible with
the natural environment than the industry standards that they are intended to
replace. If I have left out a product or material or system, please contact me at
suzanne@zuniga-arch.com.
I have gleaned information from many sources,
including books, journal articles, conversations with manufacturers, suppliers,
distributors and dealers, and increasingly, off of the web as it became available.
Information was confirmed with multiple sources wherever possible.
These specifications are written for designers, homeowners and builders in
Oregon, with an emphasis on products that are locally available and, wherever
possible, locally or regionally manufactured. Washington sources are also given
in acknowledgement of the fact that the largest city in Oregon borders its
northern neighbor. Products and categories are chosen on the basis of their
location of production.
Most of the products and systems covered have been used in affordable housing
projects (both single and multi-family), are generally low-tech and affordable,
and/or are similar to the materials and systems they are meant to replace. They
are neither unusual nor overly sophisticated- strawbale, composting toilets, and
solar technologies are not included. As such, they represent a baseline of green
that should be considered in every housing project.
There are many sources of general information about green building, as well as
discussions of the benefits of 'green' building, I have only included information
relevant to specifying. Likewise, although I have made recommendations based
on in-depth research into the science and chemistry of materials, I have not
included much of that discussion here. See the References for key sources.
Lastly, specifications can, at best, only address the environmental impacts of the
built environment. They do not guarantee a green building, much less a
sustainable one. Sustainable design, which integrates environmental and
ecological impacts of what we build as well as social, economic and spiritual
impacts, is just good design. Sustainable design must become standard building
practice if life is to be sustained on earth.
GENERAL NOTES:
These specifications are written to assist design professionals, builders and
homeowners in specifying greener products and systems. They are organized in
the CSI format and are meant to complement MasterSpec. The specifications
provided are sample specifications. In most cases, only relevant parts of the
specifications are included for integration into the full project specifications.
4
These specifications should be edited carefully to suit the project requirements.

Items that are not applicable should be deleted, and additional specifications
should be added per the project requirements.
Notes and general information are in blue, Palatino font. Sample specification text
is in black, Ariel font. Optional items that require selection by the specifier are in
blue and bracketed with [].
These specifications are intentionally brief and are written for use on small to
medium residential and commercial projects. They are not appropriate for larger
or complex projects.
These specifications are Copyrighted to SUZANNE ZUNIGA ARCHITECT LLC
and may not be used in whole for any purpose without the authors permission.
They may be used in part for the sole purpose of writing project specifications.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
These specifications were funded by a research grant from the Architectural
Foundation of Oregon, administered by the Oregon Community Foundation and
published by the City of Portland Office of Sustainable Development.
I wish to acknowledge Larry Strain of Siegel & Strain whose original reSourceful
Specifications, published in 1998, was the first of its kind; and to Building Green,
Inc., publishers of Environmental Building News, which I have read religiously
since its first publication in 1992. Their original Product Catalogue, published in
1998, and now coupled with the GreenSpec (current version by Siegel & Strain)
is still one of the best sources of information out there.
DISCLAIMER:
The author has included specific products, materials and manufacturers in an
effort to facilitate the use of alternative products and systems that are more
sustainable. The author of these specifications, suzanne zuniga ARCHITECT,
LLC, disclaims any warranties, express or implied, relating to these specifications,
including but not limited to products, materials, methods, and manufacturers.
The specifier using these specifications accepts any and all responsibility for
reviewing product information and construction methods to determine the fitness
of products and methods for a particular project.
These specifications were based on the most current information available at the
time of authorship. The author makes no guarantees as to the accuracy of the
information contained.
suzanne zuniga
SUZANNE ZUNIGA ARCHITECT LLC
301 NE 65th Ave.
Portland, OR 97213
(503)408.1405
suzanne@zuniga-arch.com
Alternative Specification for Green Residential Building
DIVISION 2 DECONSTRUCTION
02200 SITE DEMOLITION- DECONSTRUCTION
Items: Specifications should include instructions for salvaging specific items, like
equipment, fixtures, appliances, windows and doors, and trim for re-use. Include an
inventory of items to be salvaged, instructions for storage, and final destination.
Structures: Specifications should include instructions for the deconstruction of all or
portions of a structure or site feature (such as retaining walls, paved areas, and fences)
as appropriate. Include an inventory of what is to be salvaged, instructions for material
separation (including de-nailing), storage, and final destination.
Materials: Materials that can be salvaged, reused or recycled include: cardboard, clean
dimensional wood, beverage containers, land clearing debris, concrete, bricks, CMU,
asphalt, drywall, plaster, carpet and pad, rigid foam insulation, asphalt roofing shingles,
plastic sheeting, and metals.
Potential sources of metals include: banding, stud trim, ductwork, piping, rebar, roofing,
flashing, handrails, connectors, and trim.
Potential uses for materials include:
1. Concrete- crush and grade for use as aggregate, rip-rap, sub-base materials,
or fill; cut with masonry saw for use as pavers or retaining walls.
2. Brick- re-use whole brick; crush for use as landscape cover, sub-base material,
or fill.
3. Concrete block (CMU)- re-use whole block, crush for use as sub-base material
or fill.
4. Land clearing wood- chip or shred for use as groundcover, mulch, compost,
pulp, or process fuel.
5. Asphalt material- sort by type for milling and recycling.
6. Wood- sort by type for re-use or remanufacturing.
7. Windows and doors- re-use in cold frames, garden sheds, garages, interiors,
etc.
8. Metal- separate for recycling.
9. Gypsum board- pulverize for use as soil amendment or recycle.
10. Electrical and plumbing fixtures and hardware- re-use/salvage.
11. Appliances- re-use/salvage
12. Hardware- re-use/salvage.
Services: The ReBuilding Center (Portland, OR 503.331.1877), a non-profit business in
Portland, offers deconstruction services that can be provided instead of demolition or
used in tandem with demolition. Specifications should include an inventory of what is
to be salvaged, instructions for material separation, storage and final destination. The
ReBuilding Center can provide estimates for all or their portion of the work and assist in
identifying what is salvageable and the market value of salvaged items
Other contractors with experience providing deconstruction and salvage services
include:
Architectural Recovery, Portland, OR (503) 240.2684
Aurora Mills Architectural Salvage, Aurora, OR (503) 678.6083
Hay Loft Enterprises, Hillsboro, OR (360) 254.5873/ (206) 478.2078
Hippo Hardware, Portland OR (503) 231.1444
Copyright 2003 suzanne zuniga ARCHITECT, LLC
Hazardous Materials: Specifications should include instructions for hazardous

materials to be tested, removed, separated, stored, and disposed of according to local
regulations. Old woodwork with lead paint and siding, floor tiles, and plumbing
insulation containing asbestos are very common. Fluorescent light ballasts
manufactured prior to 1978 (contain PCB), fluorescent lamps (contain mercury),
refrigerants (CFCs), batteries (contain lead, acid and mercury), paints, solvents and
other hazardous fluids may also be regulated.
Resources:
Materials trading websites include:
Craigs List: http://www.portland.craigslist.org/ - a non-commercial bulletin
board
DEQ exchange site: www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/solwaste/rrcmatex.html
Industrial Materials Exchange (IMEX) at www.metrokc.gov/hazwaste/imex/
NW Materials Mart at www.NWMaterialsmart
Reusable building materials Exchange www.rbme.com - for contractors and
home remodelers in the Puget Sound area.
Soiltrader- City of Portland Bureau of Environmental Services Not intended for
personal use or private residential use. The minimum quantity for bulk trade is
200 yd3. Top soil, soil, mixed soil, gravel, concrete, asphalt, clearing debris,
fencing and boulders. www.cleanrivers-pdx.org/soiltrader/
Organizations that accept material donations:
Bring Recycling, Eugene, OR: http://www.bringrecycling.org/
Goodwill Industries
Habitat for Humanity ReStores
Salvation Army (new (or nearly) carpet, furniture and appliances)
St. Vincent De Paul
The ReBuilding Center
Tools/Guides/Lists:
Metro Construction industry Toolkit:
http://www.metro-region.org/article.cfm?ArticleID=727 - a website tool that
lets you enter your site address and check materials you want to recycle- it will
list locations of facilities that accept those materials.
Bring Recycling: http://www.bringrecycling.org/everything_else.html - PDF
listing for reuse/recycle by material/item
Yamhill County Solid Waste: http://www.ycsw.org/index.asp - Resource
Guide
Below are partial sample specifications for salvaged items:
Carefully remove existing appliances, light fixtures and plumbing fixtures. Cap off all
utility connections as required. All associated parts and hardware to be packaged with
the items. Salvaged items to be stored [insert location or per Owner] and/or [reused in
locations shown on drawings] donated [by Owner] [by Contractor] to [insert location(s)]
Below are partial sample specifications for salvaged building materials:

Carefully deconstruct [insert portion of structure], taking care not to damage materials.
Materials to be salvaged sorted [insert materials, such as wood, metal, gypsum board,
etc.] and stored [in containers] [other] for [reuse] [donation to (insert location)] [recycling].
Waste is to be disposed of according to local regulations.
Add as appropriate:
Wood to be de-nailed.
Wood to be free of paint or other finishes.
Plaster to be clean and free of debris.
Alternative Specifications for Green Residential Building
DIVISION 2 SITE CONSTRUCTION

02315 EXCAVATION AND FILL
Specify relocation/reuse of excavated materials on site when possible.
Materials trading websites include:
Craigs List: http://www.portland.craigslist.org/ - a non-commercial bulletin
board
DEQ exchange site: www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/solwaste/rrcmatex.html
Industrial Materials Exchange (IMEX) at www.metrokc.gov/hazwaste/imex/
NW Materials Mart at www.NWMaterialsmart
Reusable building materials Exchange www.rbme.com - for contractors and
home remodelers in the Puget Sound area.
Soiltrader- City of Portland Bureau of Environmental Services Not intended for
personal use or private residential use. The minimum quantity for bulk trade is
200 yd3. Top soil, soil, mixed soil, gravel, concrete, asphalt, clearing debris,
fencing and boulders. www.cleanrivers-pdx.org/soiltrader/
Tools/Guides/Lists:
Metro Construction industry Toolkit:
http://www.metro-region.org/article.cfm?ArticleID=727 - a website tool that
lets you enter your site address and check materials you want to recycle- it will
list locations of facilities that accept those materials.
Bring Recycling: http://www.bringrecycling.org/everything_else.html - PDF
listing for reuse/recycle by material/item
Yamhill County Solid Waste: http://www.ycsw.org/index.asp - Resource
Guide
Below are partial sample specifications:
General Conditions: Contractor's best efforts shall be used to relocate and reuse
excavated materials on the existing site, as opposed to removing them. Contractor shall
consult with Owner prior to relocation. If removal is required, contact dirt exchange
website by the City of Portland Environmental Services: SOILTRADER @
www.cleanrivers-pdx.org/soiltrader/index.asp or call Magaret Nover at 503-823-7623, or
Craigs List at http://www.portland.craigslist.org/.
DIVISION 2 - SITEWORK
02780 UNIT PAVERS
Permeable Pavers: Specify permeable pavers- pavers that allow rainwater to permeate
between the units. Reducing stormwater that flows off-site reduces the load of
stormwater that flows into the Willamette River and other local water systems, which
are degraded from the pollutants and erosion that flow in with the water. Since salmon
have been listed as Endangered, this is particularly important in our region.
Permeable pavers are specially manufactured to allow more water to permeate. The
pavers have small nodes on the sides to create space for water to collect and permeate.
There is a local manufacturer of permeable pavers. The cost is about the same as regular
concrete pavers. For projects that need to meet specific storm water regulations, they
should be designed and specified by a civil engineer, architect or landscape architect
with knowledge of stormwater management design.
UNI Eco-Stone interlocking concrete porous paver- UNI-Group USA, locally
manufactured by Willamette Graystone Inc., in Village, OR.
Pavers: To allow rainwater to permeate, specify individual pavers in lieu of poured
concrete, and specify a dry setting base of sand in lieu of mortar. Consider specifying
gravel or crushed seashells where a hard paved surface is not necessary.
Specify reclaimed materials for paving. Concrete walks, drives and parking pads can be
cut with a masons saw and reused as pavers; salvaged bricks and pavers can be cleaned
and reused (mortar removal costs about 10/brick); Home Depot and other unit paver
suppliers will often sell pallets of broken material for a small ($5) fee- it will be
discarded otherwise.
Below are partial sample specifications for pedestrian walks or light-duty vehicular
traffic.
02780 UNIT PAVERS
Source/manufacturer: [The ReBuilding Center] [Owner to provide] [Insert manufacturer]
Materials:
Pavers: [Salvaged brick] [Cut concrete pavers] [Insert product].
Bedding: Sand ASTM C33, fine aggregate.
Sand for joints: Fine, sharp, washed sand or crushed stone with 100 percent passing the
no. 16 sieve and no more than 10 percent passing the No. 200 sieve.
Base: Crushed stone or gravel, ASTM D 448, size No. 8
Edge restraint: [plastic] [poured concrete curb]
Geotextile: Woven or nonwovn polyester or polypropylene, as required.
10
DIVISION 3 - CONCRETE
03100 FORMWORK
Forms: Specify reusable forms, or for wood formwork to be reused. Specify certified
sustainably harvested wood for forms if available. Form tubes, such as Sonotubes,
made from recycled paper are quick and easy to use. Recycled plastic and fabric footing
forms are also available. Concrete pier foundations require less concrete and excavation
than footing and stemwall foundations.
The following forms are widely available in OR and WA, at Masons Supply Company
and similar masonry suppliers, lumber dealers, or construction products suppliers.
Specifications are available from manufacturers.
Recycled cardboard tube forms:
SONOTUBES -Sonoco Products.
Smurfit Concrete Column Forms -Caraustar ICPG Corp.
Recycled cardboard tubes with recycled polyethylene forms:
Bigfoot System Footing Forms -F & S Manufacturing, Inc..
Fabric footing forms:
Fastfoot, Fastbag, & Fast-Tube Fabric Forms -Fab-Form Industries Ltd.
Release Agents: Specify Low/No VOC form release agents. The following are available
in OR and WA:
Formshield WB (Tamms) available at Mason Supply (OR and WA), Willamette
Graystone (OR), Pumilite Building Products (OR), and Seco supply, (WA).
Crete-Lease 20 VOC, Cresset Chemical Company. Distributors: Great NW
Construction Products, Vancouver, OR and Allied Building Products, Tigard,
OR. (503)639.1579.
Green Plus Form Release Agent, Greenland, Corp. Distributor: Pacific
American Commercial Company, Seattle, WA (800) 678.6379/(206)762.3550).
Soy SOLV Concrete Form Release, Soy SOLV. (800) 231.4274. Distributor:
Daniel Smith Inc., Seattle, WA (206) 223-9599).
Materials:
1. Forms: Use reusable forms or re-use form lumber for framing and sheathing
whenever possible.
2. Form release agents: shall be guaranteed to provide clean, stain-free concrete
release and not interfere with future applied coatings and finishes. Form release agent
shall be vegetable-based and without petroleum solvents. Paraffin and waxes shall not
be used when a concrete finish is required. Formshield WB (Tamms) available at
Mason Supply, Willamette Graystone, and Pumilite Building Products.
Insulated Concrete Forms (ICFs): ICFs use less concrete than a typical concrete wall.
ICFs are permanent concrete forms with integral insulation. There are many products
available and systems and materials vary per manufacturer. Many, such as Eco-Block,
SmartBlock, GreenBlock, and Quad-Lock use EPS forms; some, such as Faswall
Wallforms use wood waste and cement forms. Some, such as Pentstar, also called
11

Concrete Form Masonry Units (CFMU), use concrete forms with an insulation insert,
and do not require additional finishes. Specify fly ash to be used in the mix for the
core, if approved by the manufacturer and Structural Engineer. Be aware of R-value
claims by manufacturers: values based on thermal mass will vary per location/climatic
conditions. When the insulation is the form, the thermal mass of the concrete is
essentially unavailable.
Below is a list of a few of the ICFs that are currently available. Specifications are
available from manufactures. Specify experienced installers and systems that are
locally available.
Amazon Grid-Wall ICFs (Amazon Forms LLC)
Arxx High Performance Wall System (Arxx Building Products)
Durisol Wallforms (Durisol Building Systmes)
ECO-Block ICFs (ECO-Block LLC)
Faswall Wallforms (K-X Faswall Corp.)
Greenblock (Greenblock Worldwide Corp)
ICF Block System (ICF Industries, Inc.)
Pentstar Concrete Form Masonry Units (Pentstar Corp.)
Perform Wall Panels (Perform Wall, LLC)
Polysteel Forms (American Polysteel, LLC)
Premier ICFs (Insulfoam/Premier Industries, Inc.)
R-Control ICF System (Advance Foam Plastics, Inc.)
RASTRA (Rastra)
Reddi-Form (Redi-Form, Inc.)
SAFEBlock (DuraBuild)
Standard ICFs (Standard ICFs)
Tech Block (Tech Block International, LLC)
12
DIVISION 3 - CONCRETE
03300 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE:
Fly Ash: Fly ash can be included in concrete mixes to offset the high embodied energy of
concrete. Fly ash is a waste product from coal-fired power plants. In interior heated applications,
up to 50% flyash may be used, subject to the requirements of the mix design and approval of the
Structural Engineer. In exterior applications and colder weather, maximum of 35%.
Class F -reduces bleeding and segregation in plastic concrete. In hardened
concrete, increases ultimate strength, reduces drying shrinkage and permeability,
lowers heat of hydration and reduces creep.
Class C- provides unique self-hardening characteristics and improves
permeability. Especially useful in pre-stressed concrete and other applications
where high early strengths are required. Also useful in soil stabilization. Do not
use Class C in sufate environments.
For more information and detailed specifications, see these manufactures websites:
Boral Material Technologies: www.boralmti.com
Holcim (US) Inc.: www.holcim.com
ISG Resources, Inc.: www.isgresources.com
Lafarge North America: www.lafargenorthamerica.com
The SEFA Group: www.sefagroup.com
Trans-Ash: www.transash.com
Aggregate: Specify reclaimed crushed concrete for aggregate, subject to approval by
structural Engineer.
Admixtures: Specify bio-based, Low/No VOC Admixtures for concrete.
GREENLINE ADMIXTURES , W.R. Meadows, 1(800)342-5976
SOYSolv Concrete Curing Agent, Daniel Smith Inc. Seattle WA, distributor
(206)223.9599
Finishes: Finished concrete slabs eliminate additional finish material. Specify clay or
mineral based pigments for coloring, and a wax or sealer.
Reinforcing: Specify reinforcing bars, steel wire, and mesh with maximum recycled
content available- 100% is possible.
Specify reinforcement supports with maximum recycled content available- 100% is
possible.
Joint Fillers: Specify joint fillers of cork or recycled cellulose.
Below is a partial sample specification for concrete. Admixtures vary per project.
Materials:
Portland Cement: ASTM C150, Type I or II.
Fly Ash: Replace up to 50% of Portland Cement with fly ash by weight: ASTM C618,
Type C or F, subject to requirements of mix design and approval of Structural Engineer.
Source fly ash as close to concrete supplier as possible. In interior heated applications
up to 50% fly ash may be used. In exterior applications and colder weather, maximum
13

35%. In sulfate environments only Class F fly ash will be permitted and under no
circumstances will Class C fly ash be used.
Aggregates: ASTM C33, uniformly graded. Recycled crushed concrete as available and
approved by Structural Engineer.
Admixtures: No/low VOC, biobased. Accepted Products: GREENLINE ADMIXTURES,
W.R. Meadows, 1(800) 342-5976; SOYSolv Concrete Curing Agent, Daniel Smith Inc.,
Seattle WA, distributor (206) 223.9599, or approved equal. ASTM C494. Do not use
calcium chloride or admixtures containing calcium chloride.
Coloring Admixture: ASTM C494, clay or mineral based pigments. EnvironOxide
pigments by Hoover Color Corp/Iron Oxide recovery Inc, Distributor: Pacific coast
Chemicals, Co. (503) 241.8241 Portland OR or (206) 223.0006 Seattle WA. Concrete
floor wax or sealer: per manufacturers recommendations.
Vapor Retarder: Clear 10 mil thick polyethylene sheet.
Moisture Retaining Cover: ASTM C171, polyethylene film or white burlap-polyethylene
sheet. Jute fabric and used carpets also acceptable.
Reinforcing Bars: ASTM C150, Type 1, maximum recycled content available, minimum
50%.
Plain Steel Wire: ASTM A82, maximum recycled content available as-drawn.
Mesh: Welded-wire steel fabric, ASTM C33, maximum recycled content available,
minimum 50%. If not available, ASTM A185.
Reinforcment supports: 100%recycled plastic content by Eclipse Plastic, Inc.,
Snohomish, WA (800) 278.4276.
Joint FillerStrips: ASTM D1752, cork or self-expanding cork, or HOMEX 300 by
Homasote, Inc..
14
DIVISION 4 - MASONRY
04220 CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS
See DIVISION 5, Metals, for steel weld plates, lintels, and shelf angles.
See Section 03100 CONCRETE FORMWORK for Insulated Concrete Forms (ICFs) and
Concrete Form Masonry Units (CFMUs).
Fly Ash: Fly ash can be included in concrete mixes to offset the high embodied energy of
concrete. Fly ash is a waste product from coal-fired power plants. In interior heated applications,
up to 50% flyash may be used. In exterior applications and colder weather, maximum of 35%
may be used. The amount of fly ash is subject to the requirements of the design mix and
should be approved by the Structural Engineer.
Class F -reduces bleeding and segregation in plastic concrete. In hardened
concrete, increases ultimate strength, reduces drying shrinkage and permeability,
lowers heat of hydration and reduces creep.
Class C- provides unique self-hardening characteristics and improves
permeability. Especially useful in pre-stressed concrete and other applications
where high early strengths are required. Also useful in soil stabilization. Do not
use Class C in sufate environments.
For more information and detailed specifications, see these manufactures websites:
Boral Material Technologies: www.boralmti.com
Holcim (US) Inc.: www.holcim.com
ISG Resources, Inc.: www.isgresources.com
Lafarge North America: www.lafargenorthamerica.com
The SEFA Group: www.sefagroup.com
Trans-Ash: www.transash.com
Reinforcing: Specify reinforcing bars, steel wire, and mesh with maximum recycled
content available- 100% is possible.
Specify reinforcement supports with maximum recycled content available- 100% is
possible.
Below is a partial sample specification for concrete masonry units.
Concrete Block:
General conditions: All unit masonry to be in accordance with the National Concrete
Masonry Association. Provide reinforcing as indicated on Structural Drawings and
Specifications. See Structural Drawings and specifications for reinforcing. Comply with
ACI 530.1/ASCE 6/TMS 602.
Materials:
Block: Hollow load-bearing 8 x 8 x 16 concrete masonry units, [texture], [color]. ASTM
C90 Grade N, Normal Weight.
Grout: Portland Cement, ASTM C476 with a slump of 8 to 11 inches. Include up to 35%
fly ash in the mix subject to design mix and approval of Structural Engineer.
Mortar: Comply with ASTM C 270.
15

Reinforcing Bars: ASTM C150, Type 1, maximum recycled content available, minimum
50%. If not available ASTM A615.
Plain Steel Wire: ASTM A82, maximum recycled content available as-drawn.
Mesh: Welded-wire steel fabric, ASTM C33, maximum recycled content available,
minimum 50%. If not available, ASTM A185.
Reinforcement supports: 100%recycled plastic content by Eclipse Plastic, Inc.,
Snohomish, WA (800) 278.42765.
16
DIVISION 5 - METALS
05120 STRUCTURAL STEEL
Recycled Content: The steel industry averages a 66% recycling rate, although the
recycled content of particular products varies greatly. Specify structural steel shapes
with the highest recycled content available, minimum 90% (75% post-consumer).
Finish: Specify factory finishing rather than field coating. Factories have more efficient
handling of materials and byproducts and better pollution control than individual
building sites.
Specify powder coating rather than solvent based coating systems.
Avoid electroplated coatings, especially cadmium and chromium plating materials,
cyanide-based electroplating and copper/formaldehyde-based electroless copper
solutions. Instead specify noncyanide copper plating, metal stripping, and zinc plating;
ion vapor or physical vapor deposition or metal spray coating.
Green seal recommends that anti-corrosive paint contain less than 250 g/l VOCs, less
than 1.0 % aromatic compounds by weight.
Below is a partial sample specification:
Materials:
Structural-Steel Shapes, Plates, and Bars: [ASTM A 36/A 36M, carbon steel]
[ASTM A 572/A 572M, Grade 50, high-strength, low-alloy columbium-vanadium steel].
Highest recycled content available, minimum 90%.
Cold-Formed Structural-Steel Tubing: ASTM A 500, Grade B, highest recycled content
available, minimum 90%.
Steel Pipe: ASTM A 53, Type E or S, Grade B, standard weight (Schedule 40), black
finish, highest recycled content available, minimum 90%.
Anchor Rods, Bolts, Nuts: [ASTM A 36/A 36M, unheaded rods] [ASTM A 325
(ASTM A 325M), headed bolts, Type 1, heavy hex steel structural bolts and heavy hex
carbon-steel nuts]. Highest recycled content available.
Bolts, Nuts, and Washers: [ASTM A 307, Grade A (ASTM F 568, Property Class 4.6);
nonhigh-strength carbon-steel, hex-head bolts; carbon-steel nuts; and flat, unhardened
steel washers, uncoated] [ASTM A 325 (ASTM A 325M), Type 1, high-strength heavy
hex steel structural bolts, heavy hex carbon-steel nuts, and hardened carbon-steel
washers, uncoated]. Highest recycled content available.
Primer: Fast-curing, lead- and chromate-free, rust inhibiting primer with less than 250 g/l
VOCs and less than 1.0% aromatic compounds by weight.
17
DIVISION 5 - METALS
05210 STEEL JOISTS
Recycled Content: Specify steel joists, beams and girders with the highest recycled
content available. Both of the following are widely available in our region:
Steel joists and girders by Vulcraft have a minimum of 90% recycled steel. Use
typical industry specifications. Closest Vulcraft plant is in Brigham, UT.
Smartbeam makes 100% recycled steel I beams. They have circular or
hexagonal openings, typically span 30-60 feet, and are ideally suited for
composite floor beams. Refer to manufacturers recommendations and
specifications.
Below is a partial sample specification.
General Conditions: Comply with recommendations of SJI Standard Specifications Load
Tables and Weight Tables for Steel Joists and Joist Girders and AWS D1.1 Structural
Welding Code-Steel.
Products:
Joists: Open web steel joists as indicated on Structural Drawings. Manufacture joists
according to Standard Specifications for Open Web Steel Joists, K-Series in SJI
Specifications with steel angle top and bottom chord. Minimum 90% recycled steel
content by Vulcraft or Equal. If another manufacturer is chosen, submit data on recycled
content.
Bolts, Nuts, and Washers: ASTM A325 , type 1, high-strength heavy hex steel structural
bolts, heavy hex carbon-steel nuts, and hardened carbon-steel washers, highest
recycled content available, uncoated.
Primer: Fast-curing, lead-and-chromate-free, universal modified-alkyd, rust-inhibiting.
18
DIVISION 5 - METALS
05410 LOAD BEARING METAL STUDS
Recycled Content: Specify steel studs with the highest recycled content available.
Typical studs have 20-25% recycled content, 10-15% post consumer.
Materials:
Steel Studs: C-shaped, with flange width of not less than 1-5/8 inches, minimum
uncoated steel thickness of [0.0329 inch] [0.0428 inch] [0.538 inch] [0.0677 inch ]
[0.0966 inch], and of depths indicated. Highest recycled content available, minimum
20%.
Steel Track: U-shaped, minimum uncoated metal thickness same as studs used with
track, with flange widths of 1-1/4 inches, of web depths indicated. Highest recycled
content available, minimum 20%.
19

06050 FASTENERS AND ADHESIVES
Nails: Specify high recycled content nails. Maze Nails are 100% recycled steel and
readily available, with a hot-dipped galvanized option. Specify stainless steel nails in
exposed conditions, such as siding like Hardiplank siding, which cannot be blind nailed.
Adhesives and Sealers: Specify water based, solvent free, No/Low VOC adhesives and
sealers. Follow manufacturers recommendations and specifications. Below are some
Low/No VOC adhesives that are readily available:
AFM Safecoat 3-in-1 Adhesive (AFM) Available at Environmental Building
Supplies, Portland.
DAP LE 7000 Multipurpose Adhesive and DAP 4000 VOC Compliant
Subfloor/Deck Adhesive (DAP) www.DAP.com available at T & A Supply
Company, Portland.
Envirotec 2095 (WF Taylor Co.) Available at T & A Supply Company, Portland.
Speed Grip (Geocel Corporation) www.gepcelusa.com multipurpose
construction adhesive. Available at home centers and hardware stores.
Titebond Solvent Free Construction Adhesive (Franklin International)
www.titebond.com. Available at home centers and hardware stores.
Below are partial sample specifications for nails and adhesives:
Materials:
Nails: Common wire or equivalent diameter and length. 100% recycled steel nails by
Maze Nails 1(800)435-5949 or equal. Nails at siding to be [galvanized], [double hotdipped galvanized], two per stud, per manufacturer. Nails at trim to be [galvanized],
[double hot-dipped galvanized].
Construction Adhesives: Water-based, Low/No VOC. Approved products: DAP 4000
VOC Compliant Subfloor/Deck Adhesive (DAP), Speed Grip (Geocel Corp.), Envirotec
2095 (W. F. Taylor Co.), Titebond Solvent Free Construction Adhesive (Franklin
International), or 3-in-1 Adhesive (AFM).
20

06070 WOOD TREATMENT
Preservatives: The water born preservatives typically used in residential construction
include: chromated copper arsenate (CCA), ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate (ACZA),
ammoniacal copper arsenate (ACA) and ammoniacal copper quat (ACQ). Of these,
ACQ is generally regarded as the least toxic. Unlike many materials that emit VOCs,
wood preservatives emit VOCs at a relatively low rate but for a very long time.
Specify pressure treated wood that is not treated with arsenic or chromium. The best
alternatives use copper. Copper napthenate (a byproduct of the petroleum refining
industry) is considered less toxic but not generally available yet. Do not specify copper
treated compounds near bodies of water as it does leach and is toxic to aquatic systems.
With all treated wood, specify that handling precautions be taken to protect workers
and the environment, including personal protection and careful management of
sawdust. Treated wood should not be in direct contact with aluminum.
Pests: Termites and other wood-eating pests are normally not a problem in the
Northwest. If they are, specify a boron-based wood treatment. Borates (a mixture of
borax and boric acid), are considered less toxic and provide good protection from
fungus and insects, however, they do not fix well and will leach out in exposed
conditions.
Below is a partial sample specification for pressure treated wood. See manufacturers
specifications and instructions for more information.
General Conditions:
Where lumber or plywood is indicated as pressure treated, comply with applicable
requirements of AWPA C1 (all products), AWPA C2 (lumber) and AWPA C9 (plywood).
Delivery, Storage, and Handling:
1. Provide waterproof covers for pressure treated wood during shipment.
2. Store pressure treated wood off the ground and protected from weather.
Materials:
Wood products shall be treated with chemicals that do not contain arsenic or chromium.
Lumber: 19% maximum moisture content, grade and species per Structural Drawings.
Plywood: 18% maximum moisture content, panel grade per Structural Drawings.
Acceptable products:
1. Preserve ACQ (Alkaline/Copper/Quaternary) pressure injected wood (Chemical
Specialties, Inc.). Manufacturers: J.H. Baxter & Co., Eugene, OR (800) 776.9321;
Pacific Wood Preserving of Oregon, Sheridan OR, (503) 843.7037; Superior
Wood Treating, Sumner, WA (253 863.4495; Coos Head Forest Products, Inc.
Coos Bay, OR (541) 751.0088. Retailers: Jerrys Home Improvement Center,
Springfield OR (541) 689.7848, and Eugene, OR (541) 689.1911; Plywood
Supply, Kenmore, WA (425) 485.8585. See www.treatedwood.com for current
distribution information.
a. Above Ground: 0.25 lbs. retention/cu. ft.
b. Ground Contact: 0.40 lbs. retention/cu. ft.
c. Wood Foundations:
0.60 lbs. retention/cu. ft.
21

d. Pilings:
2.
0.080 to 1.0 lbs. retention/cu.ft.
Wolmanized Natural Select wood treated with Copper Azole Type B (Arch
Wood Protection, Inc.). Call (866) 789-4567 for local dealers or see
www.wolmanizedwood.com. Available at Parr Lumber, Conrad Forest Products,
North Bend, OR (541) 756.2595 and Conrad Forest Products, Ranier, OR
(503)556.1953.
a. Above Ground:
0.20 pcf CBA-A or 0.10 pcf CA-B
b. Ground or Fresh Water Contact:
c. Sawn Structural Poles:
3.
NatureWood, preserved with copper/oxide/quaternary compounds. (Osmose
Wood Preserving, Inc.) See www.osmose.com.
Installation:
1. Use hot-dipped galvanized, stainless steel, or other fasteners recommended by
hardware manufacturer and approved by code.
2. Prevent direct contact between treated wood and aluminum building components
with minimum 1/4 polyethylene or nylon spacers.
3. Minimize cutting and avoid breathing sawdust. When sawing or cutting, wear a
dust mask and gloves and if using power saws, wear goggles. Vacuum sawdust
daily.
Clean up and waste:
Separate treated wood waste from other wood waste and dispose of scraps in
accordance with local, state and federal regulations.
22

06100 ROUGH CARPENTRY
Advanced Framing: Specify Advanced Framing Techniques, also called Efficient
Framing or Optimum Value Engineering (OVE), with studs on 24 centers.
Salvaged/Reclaimed Wood: Specify salvaged or reclaimed wood if there is a source that
has been re-graded (some dealers offer re-graded wood). If it has not been re-graded, a
quantity of about 10,000 board feet or more begins to make hiring a qualified wood
grader cost effective.
Oregon Graders:
The ReBuilding Center, Portland, OR (503) 331.1877
West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau, Portland, OR (503) 639.0651.
Western Wood Products Association, Portland, OR (503)224.3930.
West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau will grade lumber as far south as San Francisco.
Approximate cost: 1/2 day (about 10,000 bf) $150-300; full day (about 20,000 bf) $300-500
(2003).
Local Reclaimed Wood Dealers:
Columbia International Trading Co., Portland, OR (888) 326.3577
Craftmark Reclaimed Wood, McMinnville, OR (503) 472.6929
McGee Salvage, Portland, OR (503) 720.7308, (503)740.9336
Canon Structures, Inc., Trestlewood Division, Provo, UT (801) 375.2779
Portland location planned in the future.
Environmental Home Center, Seattle, WA (800) 281.9785
J Squared Timberworks, Seattle, WA (206) 781.3000
Resource Woodworks, Tacoma WA (253) 474.3757
R.W. Rhine Inc., Tacoma WA (800) 963.8270
Certified Wood: Specify sustainably harvested wood certified by the Forest Stewardship
Council (FSC). Prices are usually very competitive with non-certified wood. For
example, certified dry lumber from Environmental Building Supply is 51 cents/ft and
non-certified dry lumber from Parr lumber is 50 cents/ft (2003). In a typical project,
using Advanced Framing Techniques will save enough money to buy certified wood
and then some.
Local Certified wood suppliers:
Cascadia Forest Goods, Eugene, OR (541) 485.4477
Collins Companies, Portland, OR (503) 417.7755
Crosscut hardwoods, Portland, OR (503) 224.9663
Edensaw Woods, LTD., Seattle WA (877) 333.6729, and Port Townsend, WA
(800) 745.3336.
Endura Hardwoods, Portland, OR (503) 233.7090 and Bend (503) 383.5003
Environmental Building Supply, Portland, OR (503) 222.3881
Parr Lumber, many locations in OR
Coming to Home Depot!
23

General Conditions: See Structural Drawings. Use Advanced Framing Techniques
developed by the National Association of Home Builders. Comply with the structural
loading requirements and Advanced Framing Requirements (1307.1.4) of the current
adopted UBC, Oregon Structural Specialty Code and Structural Engineer. Features
include:
2x6 studs at 24 oc for exterior walls.
Frame corners with 2 studs: use drywall clips or 1x blocking for backing
Align studs and joists/rafters/trusses where possible and use single top plates.
Use built-up headers instead of solid lumber, and size headers for actual loads.
Eliminate or reduce headers at non-load bearing walls
Use pre-cut studs and joists.
Use cut off ends for blocking.
Ladder block (or ladder frame) interior partitions to exterior walls.
In addition:
Coordinate framing stages with lumber supply to ensure a minimum of waste.
Wherever possible, align studs at openings.
Coordinate framing with plumbing to provide adequate space for plumbing without
compromising structural integrity and to avoid furring out/down.
Coordinate stud spacing to accommodate plumbing fixtures.
Quality Assurance: For framing lumber, provide evidence of compliance with standards
endorsed by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC).
Materials:
Framing lumber: Certified Douglas Fir, with maximum moisture content of 19% at the time
of fabrication, available at The Collins Pine Co., Portland, (503)227.1219, Crosscut
Hardwoods, Portland (503)224.9663 and Endura Hardwoods, Portland (503)233.7090.
Grade per Structural Engineer. Grade or species may be substituted subject to approval
by the Structural Engineer.
24

06150 WOOD DECKING
Species: The use of only a few wood species of the hundreds of species worldwide puts
unbalanced pressure on forests. Specify wood species that are local, lesser known, and
have a natural resistance to decay such as ironwood, black locust, and black walnut. Do
not specify endangered or old-growth species. If local species are not available, specify
certified sustainably harvested decay resistant species from South America such as Ipe,
Cuchi and Pau Lope. Specify redwood and cedar only if they are certified.
Local certified decking suppliers in OR and WA:
Collins Companies, Portland (503) 417.7755
Crosscut hardwoods, Portland, (503) 224.9663
Disdero Lumber Co. (503)239.8888- Iron Woods; serving OR
Endura Hardwoods, Portland (503) 233.7090 and Bend (503) 383.5003
Cascadia Forest Goods, Eugene (541) 485.4477
Edensaw Woods, LTD., Seattle WA (877)333.6729, and Port Townsend (800)
745.3336
Randall Custom Lumber, Ltd., Shelton, WA (360) 426.8528
Specialty Forest Products, (253) 939.8855- Iron Woods; serving WA
Plastic/Composite Lumber: Specify plastic lumber or composite wood/plastic lumber
for decking. Plastic lumber is durable, weather resistant, low maintenance, and is
recycled and recyclable. It is typically made from 100% recycled plastic or a
combination of plastic and cellulose. One manufacturer in Texas also uses recycled
rubber. One hundred percent recycled plastic lumber may not perform well in lengths
over 6 feet or where shear is a significant consideration, such as fencing and decking.
For theses uses, specify plastic/cellulose composite lumber because the cellulose fiber
improves stability and holds screws better. Some products are warranted for as long as
50 years. On the web, prices range from $2.15- $3.50 LF.
Local plastic lumber/composite suppliers:
TREX, TREX Company, MA. Available at Parr Lumber, Milwaukie Lumber,
Lumbermens, Keith Brown Lumber, Hubbards Ace, and other lumber and
building supply stores.
Recycled Plastics Marketing, Inc., Redmond, WA (800) 867.3201
www.rrpm.com. Order online or by phone.
The Plastic Lumber Company. Closest plant is in Murrieta, CA (800) 866.8990
www.plasticlumber.com. Order by phone or online.
Carefree Xteriors HDPE and Structural, US Plastic Lumber. Closest plant for
decking is in Denver, CO. Available at lumber and building supply stores.
Pressure treated wood is not recommended for decking. See section 06300 Treated
Wood.
Below is a partial sample specification. See manufacturers printed specifications:
General Requirements: ASTM D 6108, D6109, D6111, D6112, D6118.
25

Delivery, Storage and Handling: Store plastic lumber on a flat surface, protected from
weather, in original packaging.
Manufacturer: TREX, TREX Company; Recycled Plastics Marketing, Inc., (800)
867.3201 www.rrpm.com (order by phone or online); The Plastic Lumber Company (800)
866.8990 www.plasticlumber.com, (order by phone or online); Carefree Xteriors, US
Plastic lumber.
Materials: Plastic lumber decking.
Fasteners: [Hot-dipped Galvanized] [Stainless Steel] per manufacturers written
specifications and instructions.
Warranty: Provide manufacturers warranty for a minimum of 10 years.
Submittals: Manufacturers product information, specifications, and installation
instructions.
26

06170 PREFABRICATED STRUCTURAL WOOD
Specify prefabricated structural wood, such as trusses, joists, and laminated wood
beams, in lieu of solid wood. These products use wood more efficiently (smaller pieces
of wood, smaller, fast-growing trees, and scrap wood) and are stronger and more
dimensionally stable than solid wood. They are cost effective and readily available.
Steel-web Wood Joists: Open web joists have the added advantage of eliminating
drilling in the webs for running plumbing and mechanical lines. Below is the closest
manufacturer:
Trus Joist-Weyerhaeuser, Boise ID (plants in Eugene and Hillsboro)
Engineered Lumber/Structural Glue-Laminated Timber: Most engineered lumber
products are made with phenol-formaldehyde binders, which emit less formaldehyde
than urea-formaldehyde. There are a few products made without formaldehyde
binders. There is also one that is FSC certified.
Standard Structures, Inc., Santa Rosa CA- FSC certified glulams, I-joists, and
open web trusses. Phenol formaldehyde binders.
Trus Joist-Weyerhaeuser, Biose ID (plants in Eugene and Hillsboro)
1. New TJIs with Timberstrand flange- see below
2. LSLs- formaldehyde free binder; more efficient wood use than the
typical LVL.
Willamette industries Engineered Wood Products, Saginaw, OR (Trus Joist
family of products; 2 plants in OR).
1. StrucJoist- I-joists for residential
2. I-Joist- for commercial
3. StrucLam LVL
4. Glulam beams
Rosoboro Lumber Co., Springfield, OR.
1. Redi-Lam II beam- Combined glu-lam on top with and LVL on bottom;
Lighter, less expensive, and as strong as typical LVL.
Insulated Veneer Headers: Headers made of foam insulation sandwiched between
wood veneers use wood efficiently and provide better thermal insulation. The EPS foam
cores are non-ozone-depleting.
Premier Building Systems, Fife, WA Insul-Beam. EPS foam insulation with
some recycled content. 2x4, 2x6, 2x8.
Superior Wood Systems, Superior, WI- SWII Headers. Solid wood top and
bottom chords with OSB web with EPS foam core. R-18.
Below is a partial sample specification. See manufacturers specifications:
Structural Glue-Laminated Timber:
General Requirements: Comply with ANSI/AITC A 190.1, "Structural Glued Laminated
Timber." Structural Performance: Provide structural glulam timber capable of
withstanding design loads indicated according to AITC 117-DESIGN or as determined
according to ASTM D 3737.
Manufacturer: [Trus Joist-Weyerhaeuser] [Standard Structures, Inc.]
Materials: [Glulams] [I-joists] [LVLs] [PSLs] in sizes and types shown on drawings.
[FSC certified].
27

Submittals:
1. Product Data including specifications and installation instructions.
2. Shop Drawings showing full dimensions of each member.
3. Structural Analysis Data and Calculations signed and sealed by a qualified
professional engineer in Oregon.
[4. FSC certification]
28

06180 GLUE LAMINATED CONSTRUCTION
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): Phenol formaldehyde glues emit lower amounts
of VOCs than urea-formaldehyde glues. Specify urea-formaldehyde free glues in glue
laminated construction. Specify exterior grade plywood instead of interior grade. Or,
specify a painted or laminate sealer on all exposed sides.
Wood Products made without urea-formaldehyde:
Medex (exterior) and Medite II (interior) MDF, SierraPine LTD.
Resincore-I Particleboard, Rodman Industries
AdvanTech OSB, J.M. Huber Wood Products
AllGreen MDF, CanFibre, Kafus Industries- made with phenol Formaldehyde
resin (tested emissions are no higher than natural wood) and 100% post
consumer wood. Plant is in Riverside, CA. Available at Home Depot.
Sealer for off-gassing:
Safecoat Safe Seal, American Formulating Manufacturing (AFM)
Certified, Recycled Content, and Alteratives to Wood: Specify sustainably harvested
certified wood products, or wood products that have recycled/recovered content or are
from alternative (non-wood) sources. Coordinate sheathing with structural
requirements.
Certified Wood products:
FSC-Certified MDF, Temple-Inland Forest Products Corp.
Certified Particleboard, Collins Products, LLC.
Tuff-Strand Certified OSB, ROMEX World Trade Company, LLC
Certified Pine Plywood, ROMEX World Trade Company, LLC
Alternative (agricultural waste) and recycled wood products:
WoodStalk, Dow BioProducts- straw, formaldehyde free
Parkland Panels, Panel Source International- wheat straw, formaldehyde free
Primeboard, Primeboard, Inc.- wheat straw, formaldehyde free
MeadowBoard, Meadowood Industries- Ryegrass stems
WheatBoard- Wheat straw
OSB- small diameter/low grade trees
Particleboard and MDF, Weyerhaeuser- SCS certified 100% recycled/
recovered
Resincore-I Particleboard, Rodman Industries- Some recycled content
See also Section 12300, Manufactured Casework.
Materials:
Interior: All MDF, plywood, strandboard, or other manufactured wood products used in
the interior space of this project shall be made without urea-formaldehyde glues.
Phenol-formaldehyde glues (used in exterior grade boards) are acceptable. Acceptable
products:
Medex (exterior) and Medite II (interior) MDF, Sierra Pine LTD.
29

WoodStalk, Dow BioProducts
Parkland Panels, Panel Source International
Primeboard, Primeboard, Inc.
Isoboard (strawboard), Isoboard Enterprises (503) 242.7345.
Products made with urea-formaldehyde glue may be used so long as they are
completely sealed with a material with a vapor permeability of 1 perm or less, such as
plastic laminate or Safecoat Safe Seal, American Formulating Manufacturing (AFM).
Exterior: sheathing products used on the exterior of this project shall be FSC-Certified.
See schedule on Structural drawings for sizes and specifications. Acceptable Products:
30

07110 DAMPPROOFING
Specify Low VOC dampproofing.
Low VOC Dampproofing:
Dynoseal, American Formulating & Manufacturing (AFM)
Available at:
Environmental Building Supplies, Portland, OR (503) 222.3881
Environmental Building Supplies, Bend, OR (541) 317.0202
The Environmental Home Center, Seattle, WA (800) 281.9785
Healthy Environments, Seattle, WA (800) 511.7732
installation instructions:
See manufacturers specifications and
Materials: Dynoseal by AFM , available at Environmental Building Supplies, Portland OR

(503)222.3881, and Bend OR (541)317. 0202; The Environmental Home Center ,
Seattle, WA (800)281.9785; Healthy Environments, Seattle WA (800)511.7732.
Installation: Per manufacturers instructions. Apply from finished grade to top of footing.
Extend over top of footing and down a minimum of 6 inches over outside face of footing.
31
DIVISION 7 - THERMAL PROTECTION

07210 BUILDING INSULATION
There are many options for insulation. Specify R-values above code. Specify insulation
with recycled content. Because airborne fiberglass is a known health risk, consider
specifying an alternative that meets the needs of the project, or specify formaldehydefree, encapsulated or twisted fiber batts. The Willamette valley has a climate that
changes the thermal dynamics of a building wall seasonally- the warm and cold side
flip. Consider a breathable vapor barrier, such as Kraft Paper, as a backing. Specify foilbacked insulation for a radiant barrier IF there is an air space in front of the foil. Specify
foam and sprayed-on insulations that are HCFC-free. When there are many options,
specify products that are manufactured locally.
Cellulose Insulation: A good alternative to fiberglass since it is cost competitive, has a
higher recycled content, packs tighter than batts, takes 10 times less energy to produce,
has superior sound properties, and is non-toxic. The cellulose industry averages 75%
recycled content. It is widely available and properties vary per manufacturer. Wet
sprayed cellulose is more expensive than loose fill but can have an added binder to
prevent settling. Most cellulose is made from recycled newsprint, the inks of which may
off gas at levels detectable to very sensitive people. If the user is very chemically
sensitive, specify cellulose that is made from cardboard. The closest manufacturer of
cellulose insulation is in Spokane:
Cellulose Insulation (Spray-on and Loose fill) in OR and WA:
Thermoguard Co., Spokane, WA (800) 541.0579. Wholesalers are scattered
throughout the NW; Insulation Supply, Vancouver WA (800) 328.7177 or
Medford (800) 496.0278.
1. Isolite- spray on
2. Thermolite- loose fill
3. Isopro- spray on
US GreenFiber, (800) 228.0024 www.greenstone.com. The Portland plant was
closed. The closest plant is in Sacramento, CA. For existing construction or
closed in walls, it is available at Home Depot, Lowes and lumber supply stores.
For new construction, a trained contractor is required: Richart Building,
Vancouver, WA (360) 574.5859; Insultech, Steilacom, WA (253) 984.0598.
1. Cocoon- loose fill; excellent sound ratings for multi-family
construction
Cotton Insulation: A good alternative to fiberglass since it has a higher recycled
content, is formaldehyde-free, fibers are non-irritating and non-toxic, and emissions are
very low. Costs more than fiberglass batts ($.56-.78/sq.ft.), but the reduced health risks
are well worth it.
Cotton Batt Insulation in OR and WA:
UltraTouch Natural Fiber Insulation, Bonded Logic, Inc. (480) 627.2655
www.bondedlogic.com- Batts, 85% post-industrial recycled cotton/15% plastic
fiber and borate treatments. Manufactured in Arizona.
Available at:
Environmental Building Supplies, Portland OR (503) 222.3881
Environmental Building Supplies, Bend OR (541) 317.0202
32

Natures Home & Building, Klammath Falls, OR (541) 356.2302
Innotherm (866) 627.2655 www.innotherm.com also makes Home Insulation, a
cotton insulation, but it is not available in the northwest.
Glass Fiber Insulation: Fiberglass batts are typically the least expensive insulation
product, although cellulose can be competitive. Airborne glass fibers are a skin and
respiratory irritant and are listed as a carcinogen. The EPA classifies fiberglass as a
probable carcinogen. Specify encapsulated batts or twisted fiberglass (Miraflex). Note,
however, that cutting batts to fit into nonstandard bays defeats both twisting and
encapsulating. Always specify that installers of fiberglass batts use protective clothing
and respirators, and that cavities be well sealed. Specify formaldehyde-free fiber glass
insulation, GREENGUARD Certified (low emissions) insulation, and/or No VOC
insulation. Specify the highest recycled content available. The fiberglass industry
averages 35% recycled content, but 80% is possible. Blown in/loose fill glass fiber
insulation is not recommended. Wet spray-on glass fiber is acceptable, but must be
applied by a certified installer.
Fiber Glass Batt Insulation in OR and WA:
Building Insulation, Knauf Insulation, (800) 825.4434 www.KnaufUSA.com
(batts, blankets, board and blowing insulation certified)
Certainteed, (800) 233.8990 www.certainteed.com
1. Building Insulation 20% recycled content fiberglass,
GREENGUARD certified;
2. InsulSafeIII- 20 % recycled content fiberglass, formaldehyde-free,
GREENGUARD certified;
Widely available at building construction products stores.
Johns Manville Corporation, (800) 654.3103 www.jm.com
1. Residential insulation products- Certified for 25% recycled content
fiberglass, entire line now formaldehyde-free;
2. ComfortTherm- encapsulated (plastic wrapped);
Owens Corning, (800) 438.7465 www.owenscorning.com
1. PINK Fiberglass Building Insulation Certified to contain at least 30%
recycled content;
2. Miraflex - formaldehyde-free, no chemical binders, twisted (fibers
cannot become airborne unless batts are cut);
Ottawa Fibre, Inc. (613) 736.1215 www.ofigroup.com
1. Golden Glow- 80% recycled glass
Available at:
1. Kanez Building Materials Co., Clackamas, OR (503) 620.6142
2. GTS Drywall Supply, Kirkland, WA (425) 828.6761
3. GTS Drywall Supply, Bellingham, WA (360) 527.1570
4. GTS Drywall Supply- other locations in WA
Sprayed-On Glass Fiber Insulation in OR and WA
Monoglass, Inc. (888) 777.2966 www.monoglass.com
1. Monoglass Spray-On insulation- glass fiber, wet sprayed,
formaldehyde-free, 37% recycled content, water-based non-toxic
adhesives. Requires licensed installers. Installed cost starts at $.40/sq
ft @ 1 thick.
Oregon/Washington installers:
33

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Harver Company, Lake Oswego, OR (503) 624.1453

Insulation Contracting Co., Portland, OR (503) 236.2532
Insulation Contractors of Oregon Inc., Portland, OR (503) 261.9395
Insulpro Specialties Inc., Willsonville, OR (503) 582.9292
Insulpro Projects Inc., Fife, WA (253) 896.4944
Insulation Contractors Inc., Kent, WA, (253) 395.1895
Carrig & Dancer Enterprises, Inc., Tumwater, WA (206) 584.7704
Mineral Wool Insulation: Mineral wool insulation made of basalt rock (25% or less)
and steel slag (over 75%) Thus it has a high recycled content (post-industrial)- some
plants use almost 100% slag. It has better sound ratings and R ratings than cellulose and
fiber insulation products. It is the only insulation that will stop fire. It is classified as a
possible carcinogen by the International Agency for research on cancer (IARC). It is
heavier than fiberglass and less likely to become airborne. It is widely available and
comparable to cellulose in cost. It is manufactured in Texas, Washington, North
Carolina, and Indiana.
Mineral Wool Insulation in OR and WA:
Thermafiber, (800) 294.7076 www.thermafiber.com (American Rockwool Inc.Manufactured and distributed from Tacoma, WA)
1. Blowing Wool
2. Sidewall Spray
3. Foundation Wall Spray
Available in Oregon and Washington, contact: Jan at: jmelton@thermafiber.com
Rockwool Insulation: Rockwool is a synthetic mineral wool fiber similar to glasswool,
or fiber glass. It is made from coke, diabase, and limestone and sometimes basalt and
olivine. It is not recommended since large amounts of phenol, ammonia, formaldehyde,
and dust are released during production and large amounts of waste are produced. It is
classified as a possible carcinogen by the International Agency for research on cancer
(IARC).
Foam Board Insulation: Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is not blown using HCFCs and
typically has some recycled content. Extruded polystyrene XPS is still blown with
HCFCs, except for one product by Dow Chemical Company. Polyisocyanurate
insulation is now (as of 2003 in the US) blown without HCFCs and typically includes
some recycled/reclaimed content. Polyiso has superior R-values over EPS, but EPS is
produced in our region.
EPS (Expanded polystyrene) Insulation: Manufacturers with local (regional) plants:
Insulfoam, Division of Premier industries, Inc., Tacoma, WA (800) 248.5995
www.insulfoam.com; Typically 15% recycled content.
1. R-TECH: roof, wall, perimeter, insulation
2. Insultaper Tapered Roof Drainage System- for low-slope roofs
3. Insul-Lam and Insul-Vent- nailable deck panels
Advance Foam Plastics, Inc.- Nevada Division- licensed manufacturer of AFM
Corporations Perform EPS Insulation
1. Perform Insulation- EPS insulation
2. Perform Guard - EPS insulation w/ boron insect repellent
3. Contour Taper Tile- EPS shaped to pitch low-slope roofs
Polyisocyanurate Foam Insulation:
34

Atlas Roofing Corporation (770) 952.1442 www.AtlasRoofing.com- First in N.
America to be blown without HCFCs. Closest commercial plants are in Colorado
and Arizona; closest residential product plant is in Oklahoma.
Distributors/retailers are throughout the Pacific Northwest at building and
roofing supply companies such as ABS Supply Company and Allied Building
Products Corporation.
1. Residential- Energy Shield and R-Board
2. Commercial- ACFoam line- Up to 25% recovered materials
XPS (Extruded Polystyrene) Foam Board:
Styrofoam High Performance Underlayment, Dow Chemical Co.,
Styrofoam Brand Products, MI (800) 441.4369 www.styrofoam.comOnly XPS in Us blown without HCFCs.
Polyurethane Foamed-in-Place Insulation: Specify open-cell polyurethane foams
produced with water or CO2 as the blowing agent; they are blown without HCFCs and
use less material than closed-cell. Polyurethane foamed-in-place insulations have a
good R-value and provide an excellent seal when that is required, however, they are
hazardous during installation and not produced locally. Specify them in small quantities
where the superior sealing properties are required.
Polyurethane Foamed-in-Place Insulation:
Sealection 500, Demiltec USA, Inc. TX (877) 633.2000 www.sealection500.com
Supergreen Foam, Foam-Tech, Division of Building Envelope Solutions, inc.
VT (802) 333.4333 www.foam-tech.com
HealthySeal 500, HealthySeal, SC (800) 769.3626 www.healthyseal.com
RTC Polyurethane insulation, Resin Technology Division of Henry Co.,
Canada, (800) 729.0795
Cementitious Foam Insulation is available in one product: Air-Krete. It is fire proof,
insect proof, and non-toxic. It is considered the most benign from an indoor air quality
standpoint. It must be installed by trained installers. It is relatively expensive. It is not
available in our region.
Wool Insulation: Wool insulation is sold in the UK, Germany, New Zealand, and
Canada. Unfortunately, the Canadian company, Good Shepherd Wool Insulation, has
not been certified or approved by any building authority.
Cork insulation: Cork is a natural insulator, and is sustainably harvested, but more
than half the worlds cork is harvested in Portugal. It is used in other countries, such as
the Netherlands, but in the US only gaskets are available, and they are fabricated on the
east coast.
Below is a partial sample specification. Specifier should include a schedule of insulation
products, locations, and R-values required (not shown below). See manufacturers
websites or representatives for information on suitable applications for each type of
insulation.
07210 BUILDING INSULATION
General Conditions: Surface-Burning Characteristics: ASTM E84.
Products:
1. Board:
35

a. Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) Board Insulation: ASTM C578, with flamespread index of 75 or less. Maximum recycled content available. R-TECH by
Insulfoam, Division of Premier industries, Inc., Tacoma, WA (800) 248.5995
www.insulfoam.com.
b. Polyisocyanurate Board Insulation: ASTM C1289, with a flame-spread index of
75 or less. Energy Shield and R-Board by Atlas Roofing Corporation (770)
952.1442 www.AtlasRoofing.com.
2. Batts/Blankets: ASTM C665, flame spread index of 25 or less [Type I, unfaced]
[Type III, Class A, foil-scrim-kraft, foil-scrim, or foil-scrim-polyethylene vapor-retarder
membrane on one face]
a. Fiberglass: Encapsulated or twisted fiber, formaldehyde free, minimum 25%
recycled content. Miraflex by Owens-Corning or ComforTherm by Johns
Manville Corporation.
b. Mineral/Rock Wool: Thermafiber (800) 294.7076 www.thermafiber.com.
contact: JAN at: jmelton@thermafiber.com.
c. Cotton: UltraTouch Natural Fiber Insulation, Bonded Logic, Inc. (480) 627.2655
www.bondedlogic.com. Available at: Environmental Building Supplies, Portland
OR (503) 222.3881.
3. Cellulose Loose-Fill Insulation: ASTM C739, minimum 75% recycled content, treated
with borates. Thermolite insulation by Thermoguard Co., Spokane, WA (800) 541.0579
or Cocoon by U.S. Greenfiber, LLC, (800) 228.0024 www.greenstone.com, available at
Home Depot.
4. Cellulose Self- Supported, Spray-Applied: ASTM C1149, wood-based cellulose fiber,
Type II, applied with dry adhesive activated by water during installation; chemically
treated for flame-resistance, processing, and handling characteristics. Isolite and Isopro
insulation by Thermoguard Co., Spokane, WA (800) 541.0579.
Installation:
1. Install insulation in areas and in thicknesses indicated or required to produce R-values
indicated. Cut and fit batts and boards tightly around obstructions and fill voids with
insulation.
2. Place loose-fill insulation to comply with ASTM C 1015. Comply with the Cellulose
Insulation Manufacturers Association's Special Report #3, "Standard Practice for
Installing Cellulose Insulation."
3. Extend vapor retarder to extremities of areas to be protected from vapor transmission.
Secure in place with adhesives or other anchorage. Locate seams at framing members,
overlap, and seal with tape.
4. Installers protection:
a. Fiberglass batts/blankets: protective clothing and respirators
b. Mineral/Rock wool: mask
c. Blown-in cellulose: mask
d. Spray-applied: as recommended by manufacturer
5. Avoid cutting fiberglass batts. Do not compress batts of any fiber.
Submittals: Product data
36

07300 ROOFING
Asphalt composition shingles are most common because of the low first cost, however,
they are petroleum based, less durable and not recycleable. If asphalt is specified,
specify the most durable product (at least 40 years). Standard specifications for asphalt
roofing are adequate.
Specify Algae Block, an algae-inhibiting product that incorporates copper in the
granules, if algae staining is an aesthetic concern. While dark algae streaks may cause
the roof absorb more heat from the sun (if the roof is light colored), there are no proven
damaging effects.
There is one manufacturer of asphalt roofing, a corrugated sheet roofing, that contains
50% recycled cellulose. It is on the east coast, so the distance should be considered
carefully:
Asphalt Roofing with recycled content:
Ondura, Tallant Industries, Inc., Fredericksburg, VA (800) 777.7663
www.ondura.com - corrugated asphalt roofing made from 50% asphalt and 50%
recycled cellulose fiber.
Metal Roofing contains a high recycled content, is very durable, and is easily recycled.
It is also the best choice for rainwater collection. Standard specifications for shingles or
sheet are adequate. Specify flashings, drip edges, and other metals in contact with the
metal roof to be of the same material. Specify a galvanized finish or a baked enamel
over the galvanized finish. Specify stainless steel fasteners.
Wood shingles and shakes are a fire concern in dry areas, and are typically sourced
from old growth western red cedar. If specified, specify shingles that are certified, if
available, or at least that they are not old growth.
Underlament: Specify 30 lb felt. Due to availability, it is often the same or less
expensive than 15 lb.
Consider putting the roof to work by specifying a solar hot water system, photovoltaics,
rainwater collection, or a green roof.
37

07900 JOINT SEALERS
Joint Sealers: Specify Low VOC joint sealers, and/or gasket-type sealers.
Low/No VOC joint sealers:
AFM Enterprises, Inc. , Safecoat natural based caulks, putties, and sealers
Auro-Sinan Co. natural based caulks, putties, and sealers
Expanding Foam Joint Sealers: Specify expanding foam joint sealers that are not blown
with CFCs or HCFCs.
Joint sealants blown without HCFCs or CFCs:
Convenience Products (800) 325.6180 www.convenienceproducts.com
1. Touchn Seal line for contractors; formaldehyde free
2. Touchn Foam line for consumers; formaldehyde and solvent free
Hilti, Inc. (800) 879.8000 www.us.hilti.com
1. CF-128 (single component polyurethane) sold directly by Hilti:
a. Hilti Center, Portland (800) 879.8000
b. Hitli Cneter Seattle, WA (800) 879.8000
c. Hilti Pro Shop, Tacoma WA (253)474.9600
Illbruck Sealant Systems, Inc. (800) 438.0684 www.illbruck.com/en
1. 1- Component Foam (single component polyurethane)
Instafoam, Flexible Products Co. (800) 800.3626 www.itsgreatstuff.com
1. InstaSeal EcoBlend- for contractors; low and full expanding
2. Foam Plus- for consumers; full expanding
3. Great Stuff- for consumers; low expanding
Todol Products (508) 651.3818 www.todol.com
1. Pur Fill IG
2. Pur Fill IG600 (smaller size)
Concrete and Masonry Joint Fillers: Specify recycled content joint fillers for concrete
and masonry:
Recycled content joint fillers for concrete and masonry:
Homasote Co. (800) 257.9491 www.homasote.com
1. Homex 300- resilient expansion joint filler; recycled newsprint; no
urea formaldehyde or asbestos. Less expensive than asphalt
impregnated felt.
Cork joint fillers: Cork is a renewable resource and is less expensive than asphalt
impregnated felt. However, more than half of the worlds cork is harvested in Portugal,
so check the source.
W.R. Meadows (800) 342.5976 www.wrmeadows.com
1. Sealtight self-expanding cork expansion joint filler.
Below are partial sample specifications.
instructions:
Scope of Work: Seal penetration between interior space and exterior, including all
penetrations for ducting, wiring, plumbing, lights, and fans, and at all windows and doors.
38

General Requirements: Provide joint sealants, joint fillers, and other related materials
that are compatible with one another and with joint substrates under service and
application conditions. Do not proceed with installation of joint sealants when ambient
and substrate temperature conditions are outside limits permitted by joint sealant
manufacturer or are below 40 F. All sealants to have a clean finish appearance. In firerated walls, caulk spaces around utility penetrations through walls with ASTM E-814 or
UL 1479 rated foam fire-rated sealant.
Materials:
1. Exterior General Use:
a. Silicon: one-part silicon sealant, VOC content: maximum 15 grams/liter.
b. Acrylic/silicon: water based sealant, VOC content: 31 grams/liter
2. Exterior Concealed Joints and Under Thresholds: One-part butyl rubber caulk
conforming to FS TT-S-001657, Type I.
3. Interior Horizontal Joints subject to Pedestrian Traffic:
a. Two-part polyurethane conforming to ASTM C920, Class 25, Type M; selfleveling, zero-VOC.
b. One-part polyurethane, VOC content: maximum 45 grams/liter.
4. Interior Non-wet Areas: One-component acrylic latex water-based sealant conforming
to ASTM C834, VOC content: maximum 42 grams/liter
5. Interior Wet Areas: One-part, mildew-resistant silicone rubber conforming to ASTM
C920, Type S, Class 25, Grade NS
6. Sealant Backer Rod: Compressible rod-stock polyethylene foam, polyethylenejacketed polyurethane foam, butyl-rubber foam, neoprene foam, or other flexible,
permanent, durable, nonabsorptive material as recommended for compatibility with
sealant by sealant manufacturer.
7. Joint Cleaner, Primer, and Bond Breaker: As recommended by sealant manufacturer
8. Fiber Expansion Joint Material: Preformed cellular fiber complying with ASTM D1751
9. Acoustical Sealant: Nonskinning, nonhardening, permanently flexible sealant
specifically designed for sealing gypsum wallboard.
10. Electrical Box Sealant: Sheet caulking
11. Tamp-in Sealants:
a. Oakum
b. Caulking cord: Fine fiber yarn saturated with wax; contains linseed oil and
talcum
12. Foam Sealants: Blown with hydrocarbon or HFC-134a. Use bulk tanks and reusable
dispensing guns.
13. Sill Sealer: Cushion-Foam, 100% recycled. Richter Co. (503) 282.0386.
Approved Products:
Caulk Joint Sealants: Phenoseal and Sealant by Phenoseal (800) 343.4963
www.phenoseal.com; Quick Shield VOC-Free Sealant, by Geocel Corporation (800)
348.7615 www.geocelusa.com; Liquid Nails Brand Super Caulk and Painters Caulk, by
Maaco Adhesives (800) 634.0015; Poly Seamseal Products; water-based, low VOC by
OSI Sealants, Inc. (800) 624.7767 www osisealants.com.
Foam Joint Sealants: Touchn Foam and Touchn Seal lines, by Convenience Products
(800) 325.6180 www.convenienceproducts.com; CF-128 (single component
polyurethane) sold directly at the Hilti Center, Portland (800) 879.8000 www.us.hilti.com;
1- Component Foam (single component polyurethane) by Illbruck Sealant Systems, Inc.
(800)438.0684 www.illbruck.com/en, InstaSeal EcoBlend, ( low and full expanding)
Foam Plus (full expanding) and Great Stuff (low expanding), by Instafoam/ Flexible
Products Co. (800) 800.3626 www.itsgreatstuff.com; and Pur Fill IG and Pur Fill IG600
(smaller size) by Todol Products (508) 651.3818 www.todol.com.
39

Installation: Per manufacturers instructions.
Submittals: Manufacturers product literature.
40

08000 INTERIOR DOORS AND FRAMES
Wood Doors: For wood doors, specify salvaged doors, or doors made from salvaged
wood or FSC certified wood.
OR manufacturer of FSC certified wood doors:
Architectural Wood Doors, VT Industries, Inc.. Plant in Roseburg, OR. (800)
827.1615 www.vtindustries.com
Distributed through the following:
1. Gibson Door Inc. and Grand Openings, Inc. in Portland
2. Bell Hardware in Bend, Eugene, Klamath Falls, Medford, Salem, and
Wilsonville.
3. They are also distributed throughout WA- see the website for locations.
FSC certified doors distributed in OR and throughout the NW
Environmental Class Door (ESC), Marshfield Door Systems, Marshfield WI,
(800) 869.3667 www.marshfielddoors.com -FSC certified, stave core is
encapsulated and no added formaldehyde used in construction.
Salvaged Doors in OR:
Hippo Hardware, Portland
The ReBuilding Center, Portland
Rejuvination, Portland
See section 02200 Deconstruction for additional salvage sources.
Certified wood suppliers in OR and WA (for custom doors):
Crosscut Hardwoods, Portland, OR (503) 224.9663
Edensaw Woods, LTD., Seattle, WA (877) 333.6729, and Port Townsend, WA
(800) 745.3336.
Endura Hardwoods, Portland, OR (503) 233.7090 and Bend, OR (503) 383.5003
For solid wood doors, specify doors made of salvaged/reclaimed wood. For use in
doors, salvaged wood does not have to be stamped and small pieces, such as pallets, can
be used. Local cabinet makers and woodworkers can often source small quantities.
Additional labor may be required to strip, cut, prepare, retool and/or install doors and
hardware.
Composite Doors: Specify composite doors made with recycled/reclaimed materials.
Finishes: Specify non-toxic finishes. See 09900 paints and Coatings.
Hardware: Specify hardware with metal (not plastic) working parts for better durability.
41
08200 WOOD AND PLASTIC DOORS:

Sample Partial specification for certified Flush Wood Veneer Doors:
General Requirements:
1. Comply with WDMA I.S 1-A requirements for Premium Grade and AWI Architectural
Woodwork Quality Standards.
2. Forest Certification: Provide doors produced from wood obtained from FSC certified
forests.
Manufacturer: VT Industries, Inc. (800) 827.1615 www.vtindustries.com
Products: Solid Style 5502-2.
1. FSC certified stave [or particle] core.
2. Inner styles and rails shall be structural composite lumber (SCL).
3. 5-ply veneer construction applied to core in a hot press. Face veneer species, cut
and match to be selected by Architect from manufacturers standard options.
Submittals:
1. Complete door schedule.
2. Manufacturers FSC certification data.
3. Veneer samples for selection.
Sample partial specification for certified Flush Solid Core High Pressure
Decorative Laminate Faced Wood Doors (HPDL):
1. Comply with WDMA I.S 1-A requirements for Premium Grade and AWI Architectural
Woodwork Quality Standards.
2. Forest Certification: Provide doors produced from wood obtained from FSC certified
forests.
Manufacturer: VT Industries, Inc. (800) 827.1615 www.vtindustries.com
Products: PermaClad 303-3
1. FSC certified stave [or particle] core.
2. Top and bottom rails to be sealed with Safecoat Safe Seal, AFM.- NOT factory
sealed.
3. Laminate selection shall be one of the standard products of Wilsonart, Formica,
Nevamar, Pionite, or approved equal. Laminates to be applied to core in a hot press, 3ply construction.
4. Styles and rails to be structural composite lumber (SCL).
Submittals:
1. Complete door schedule.
2. Manufacturers FSC certification data.
3. Laminate samples for selection.
42

08000 EXTERIOR DOORS AND FRAMES
Thermal Properties: Specify exterior doors with good thermal properties. Specify the UValue, better (lower) than code (.40) if possible. Metal and fiberglass doors with foam
insulated cores often provide better insulation than wood doors. Some wood fiber
composite doors have insulating cores. Specify HFC and HCFC-free EPS foam instead
of polyurethane, which is made with HCFCs. If the door has a lite(s), specify Low-e ,
argon-filled insulating glass.
EPS foam insulated doors: There is one manufacturer, and they are in Klamath Falls
(Plant is in Chiloquin). Distributed throughout the NW. See website for local dealer.
Jeld-Wen, Inc., Klamath Falls, OR. Plant is in Chiloquin. (800) 535.3936
www.jeld-wen.com1. Contours Steel Entry Doors, Low-e, argon-filled insulated glass, EPS
foam insulation; Solid door U-Value: .17 (flush)
2. Alterna by Doorcraft entry doors- Low-e, argon filled insulating glass is
an option; EPS foam insulation; Solid door U-Value: .236
Below are some other familiar manufacturers for comparison:
Pella
1. Premium Steel Entry Doors- Low-e, argon-filled insulating glass,
polyurethane foam core; Full Lite door- U-Value: .28
Marvin Windows and Doors
1. Wood Inswing and Ultimate Inswing French Door- Low-e, argon-filled
insulating glass, finger-jointed and laminated veneer lumber core; Full
Lite door U-Value: .33
1. Clad Inswing and Ultimate Inswing French Door- Low-e, argon-filled
insulating glass; finger-jointed and laminated veneer lumber core;
Full Lite door U-Value: .34
Therma-Tru
1. Premium Steel Doors- Low-e glass, polyurethane core; Full Lite UValue: .32
2. Premium Steel Doors- Low-e glass, polyurethane core; Solid door UValue: .16
3. Smooth-Star Fiberglass Doors- Low-e glass, polyurethane core; Full
Lite door U-Value: .32
4. Smooth-Star Fiberglass Doors- Low-e glass, polyurethane core; Solid
door U-Value: .15
Certified and Salvaged Wood: For wood doors, specify FSC-certified or salvaged wood.
Wood composites use small pieces of wood, but can use formaldehyde based resins as a
binder or adhesive. See 06180 Glue Laminated Construction.
For use in doors,
salvaged wood does not have to be stamped and small pieces, such as pallets, can be
used. Local cabinet makers and woodworkers can often source small quantities.
Certified wood suppliers in OR and WA (for custom doors):
(800) 745.3336.
43

Salvaged Doors: Another option is to specify salvaged doors. Note that thermal values
for salvaged doors and doors made from salvaged wood cannot be measured, but can be
estimated based on similar products. Additional labor may be required to strip, cut,
prepare or install doors, as well as hardware.
Salvaged Doors in OR:
Hippo Hardware, Portland
The ReBuilding Center, Portland
Rejuvination, Portland
See Section 02200 DECONSTRUCTION for additional salvage resources.
Finish: Where possible, specify factory finishing. Where field finishing is required,
specify a high solids, Low-VOC durable coating, such as a high-performance water
based acrylic paint. Avoid alkyd enamel paint.
08110 STEEL DOORS AND FRAMES:
Manufacturer: Jeld-Wen, Inc. (800) 535.3936 www.jeld-wen.com.
Products: Steel Entry Door: Level 2 and Physical Performance Level B (Heavy Duty),
galvanized steel sheet faces. 1 3/4 thick. EPS Insulated core. Low-e coated, argonfilled, insulating glass.
Submittals: Door unit U-Factor performance. Shop Drawings.
44

08360 OVERHEAD DOORS
Insulation: If the space is unconditioned and used for vehicles, insulated doors and
weatherstripping are not as important. If the space is conditioned, specify insulated
doors and weatherstripping.
Recycled Content: Specify doors made of recycled content.
Manufactured Wood: Specify doors with recycled content:
Cladpanel, Linmar Industries, LC, Corvallis, OR (800) 547.6633 over 81%
recovered/recycled contentin the particleboard core w/ phenol-formaldehyde
and paper overlays.
Steel: Galvanized steel panels will have a high recycled content. If they are insulated
with foam, specify expanded polystyrene (EPS), since it is blown without HCFCs.
Below is a partial sample specification for a wood composite overhead sectional door
with recycled content:
08360 OVERHEAD DOORS:
Manufacturer: Linmar Industries, LC (800) 547.6633
Products: Cladpanel sectional overhead door. Particleboard core with paper overlays.
Minimum 80% recycled content. Reinforce sections with contiuous galvanized steel
members as required for wind loading.
45

08500 WINDOWS
Thermal Properties: Specify windows with good thermal resistance. EPA ENERGY
STAR standards for residential construction in northern states specify a U- Value of .35
and 45 for skylights. The Solar Heat Gain Coefficient should also be specified. A
higher SHGC (.60) is suitable for south or east facing windows, to allow some heat gain
in the winter, and a lower SHGC (.40) for west windows and skylights to minimize
overheating in the summer.
Specify clear glass- tinted glazing is not generally
recommended for residential windows in our region. Wood has a high R-value. Metal
conducts heat; metal frames should have a thermal break. Specify Low-e, argon- or
krypton-filled insulating glass.
Below are some familiar and well performing manufacturers for comparison. U-Values
are given for total units with clear glass.
Jeld-Wen Windows and Doors- 4 lines of wood and wood clad, with various
glazing options.
1. Pozzi- insulated with low-e U-Values: .38-.40
2. Norco- insulated with low-e and argon U-Values: .25-.40
3. Caradco- insulated with low-e and argon U-Values: .29-.38
4. Summit- insulated with low-e and argon U-Values: .31-.32
Loewen Windows west coast Douglas fir, some recycled content
1. Heat-Smart Plus 1- double pane, low-e, argon
2. Heat-Smart Plus 2- triple pane, low-e, 1 argon filled
3. Heat-Smart Plus 3- triple pane, low-e, 2 argon filled
Marvin Windows and Doors- wood and wood with aluminum cladding
1. Double pane glass with Low-e coating and argon: U-Values: .30-.46.
2. Triple pane glass with Low-e coating and krypton: U-values: .17-.20.
Milgard Manufacturing, Inc.- manufacturing plants in Portland and Tacoma
WA- Douglas fir with fiberglass cladding; also Thermal Break Aluminum- see
below.
1. Double pane, low-e, argon filled U-Values: .31-.35
Pella Corporation- SmartSash pine with recycled aluminum cladding;
Insulshield Insulating glass has Low-e coatings and argon.
1. Smart Sash II: U-Values: .39-.40
2. Smart Sash III: U Value: .23-.39
Weather Shield Manufacturing, Inc.- wood with aluminum cladding- many
glazing options
1. Low-e with argon- U-Values: .33-.41; w/storm option, as low as .25
Wood windows provide good thermal resistance. Specify simulated divided lites, if any,
since true divided lites lower thermal performance even more than simulated divided
lites. Specify a local manufacturer:
Milgard Manufacturing. Main office in Tacoma, WA (800) 562.8444
www.milgard.com. Local plants in Wilsonville, OR and Tacoma, WA.
Certified Wood: Specify wood windows made from FSC certified wood. There are two
Canadian manufacturers that use FSC certified wood:
Loewen Windows, Canada, (800) 563.9367 www.loewen.com - Some FSC
certified wood used.
Available at:
1. Glacier Window & Door Inc., Portland OR (503) 408.8838
46

2. Glacier Window & Door, Sweet Hone OR (800)853.6257
3. Kell-Chuck Glass Co., Olympia WA (360)491.5244
4. Windows Doors & More, Inc., Seattle WA (206) 782.1011
5. Windows Doors & More, Inc. Redmond, WA (425) 882.1087
6. Hepworth Company Inc., Woodinville WA (425) 483.2400
Paramount
Windows,
Inc.,
Canada,
(800)
519
www.paramountwindows.com- FSC certified wood by special order;
wood and aluminum clad.
0508
Another more expensive option is to have custom windows made from local FSC
certified wood.
Certified wood suppliers in OR and WA (for custom windows):
(800) 745.3336.
Clad Windows: Aluminum and fiberglass cladding reduce maintenance and improve
durability. Specify simulated divided lites, if any, since true divided lites lower thermal
performance even more than simulated divided lites.
Fiberglass: Fiberglass windows are durable and more stable (dont expand and contract)
than wood or vinyl. Specify insulated frames to meet the U-value. Specify fiberglass
windows in wet areas such as showers. Milgard and Marvin (Integrity Line) both make
high performing fiberglass windows.
Metal: Aluminum and steel frames are likely to have a high recycled content. Specify
the maximum available and a thermal break in the frame. Milgards Aluminum
Thermally-Improved windows have a thermal break.
Vinyl: Vinyl windows are not recommended due to the environmental impacts of PVC
production. Literally hundreds of substances known or suspected of causing cancer or
disrupting our immune and reproductive systems are produced during the manufacture
of vinyl. The two main groups of hormone-disrupting chemicals are dioxins, which are
known carcinogens, and phthalates, possible carcinogens, but there are many other
others.
08550 WOOD WINDOWS:
1. Comply with AAMA/NWWDA 101/1.S.2
Manufacturers: Loewen Windows, Canada, (800)563.9367 www.loewen.com
Products: Heat Smart Plus line.
47

Glazing: Clear [Double pane] [Triple pane], Low-e coated, [Argon] [Krypton]-filled
insulating glass.
Energy Performance Requirements: Provide units with a total unit U-Value of [.35]
[.30] [.25] [20].
Wood Components: FSC certified content, maximum provided by manufacturer.
Standard certified species as provided by manufacturer.
Submittals:
1. Window unit U-Value performance data.
2. Shop Drawings.
3
08520 ALUMINUM WINDOWS
1. Comply with AAMA/NWWDA 101/1.S.2
Manufacturers: Milgard Manufacturing, Inc.
Products: Aluminum Thermally-Improved Aluminum windows
Glazing: Clear [Double pane] [Triple pane], Low-e coated, [Argon] [Krypton]-filled
insulating glass.
Thermal Break: Provide units with a concealed thermal break and with a condensationresistance factor of [45] [52] per AAMA 1503.
Energy Performance Requirements: Provide units with a total unit U-Value of [.35]
[.30] [.25] [20].
Submittals:
1. Window unit U-Value performance data.
2. Shop Drawings.
48

08620 TUBULAR SKYLIGHTS
Tubular skylights are a great way to bring natural light into a space through an attic,
without the additional summer heat gain associated with traditional skylights. They are
sold in complete kits and are easy to install in both new construction and existing
structures. They are readily available and inexpensive, about $200-$350. Unless there
are specific requirements, specify the closest manufacturer (California or Washington).
Unit skylights that are readily available in our region:
CrystaLite, Inc. Everett, WA (800) 666.6065 www.crystaliteinc.com, Spokane
WA (800) 382.5403, Salem OR (800) 664.1257.
1. CrystaLite Tubular Skylight, 10, 13 and 18
Solatube International, Inc., Vista, CA (800) 966.7652 www.solatube.com. See
website for dealer nearest you.
1. Brighten Up series, 10 and 14 diameters
2. Solamaster series, 21 diameter
3. Optional light kits and Daylight Dimmer for both
4. Optional ventilation fan for Brighten Up
The Sun Pipe Co., Inc, Elgin IL (800) 844.4786 www.sunpipe.com
1. 9, 13 and 21 diameters- call for local contractor or order direct
ODL, Inc. Zeeland, MI (800) 253.3900 www.odl.com
1. 10 and 14 for different roof types and pitches
Velux, Greenwood SC (800) 888.3589 www.veluxusa.com
1. 14 and 22 for different roof types
2. Optional light kit
Skydome Skylight Systems, Australia, Distributed in the US by Sacramento
Shingle Company Inc. 9916) 339.0152 www.sunbeamer.com
1. SunBeamer Tubular Skylight with Variable Pitch Adapter
Unit skylights are also available direct order on the web.
manufacturer.
recommendations.
Specify the closest
08620 TUBULAR SKYLIGHTS

1. Comply with AAMA/NWWDA 101/1.S.2.
Manufacturers: CrystaLite, Inc., Salem, OR (800) 664.1257 www.crystaliteinc.com
Products: CrysaLite Tubular Skylight
Size: [10] [13] [18]
Type: Self flashing with integral curb
Glazing: Low-e coating and double and argon.
Thermal Break: Unit skylight(s) to be fabricated with thermal barrier separating the
interior metal framing from materials exposed to outside temperatures.
Installation:
1. Comply NRCA's "Roofing and Waterproofing Manual."
2. Coordinate with installation of vapor barriers, roof insulation, roofing, and flashing as
required to ensure combined elements are waterproof and weathertight.
49

3. Isolate metal surfaces in contact with incompatible metal or corrosive substrates,
including wood, with bituminous coating on concealed metal surfaces.
Submittals:
1. Product Data.
2. Shop Drawings.
3. Finish Samples.
50
DIVISION 9 FINISHES
09250 GYPSUM BOARD:
Paper Backing: The paper backing is typically 100% recycled and unbleached. No
adhesives are used to bond the paper to the gypsum core.
Recycled Content: Recycled gypsum may be from manufacturing scrap and some postconsumer clean construction waste. Synthetic gypsum (also called flue-gas or recycled)
is from post-industrial waste: a by-product from stack scrubbers in coal-fired power
plants. Specify the highest recycled or synthetic gypsum content available- 100% is
possible. The recycled content varies by manufacturer, and also by the specific plant
from the same manufacturer, so it is best to get documentation. Below are products that
have recycled and/or synthetic gypsum content:
G-P Gypsum Board by G-P Gypsum Corporation: The plant in Tacoma WA
uses synthetic gypsum. The plants in California and Nevada use varying
amounts of recycled gypboard.
Sheetrock Brand Gypsum Panels by USG Corporation: USG uses synthetic
gypsum in all of its standard Sheetrock products. They use more than any other
manufacturer nationwide, but it varies by plant (half their plants use 90% plus,
the other half blend it with mined gypsum). They also use 100% post-consumer
recycled paper on all USG wallboard.
Fiberock Abuse-Resistant Gypsum Fiber Panels by USG Corporation: Fiberock
panels are made from synthetic gypsum, perlite, and recycled newsprint paper,
with a total recycled content of 95%. They have no paper backing, and they are
stronger, stiffer, denser, and hold nails and screws better than standard
gypboard.
Temple- Inland Gypsum by Temple-Inland Forest Products: Temple-Inland
uses synthetic gypsum in over 60% of its wallboard, and the Tennessee and
Arkansas plants use 95-99% SCS-certified recycled content. When specifying,
keep in mind that the environmental costs of shipping may outweigh a greater
recycled content.
Gold Bond Gypsum Wallboard by National Gypsum Company: National
Gypsum Company uses synthetic gypsum for its Gold Bond wallboard in some
of its plants.
Size:
Specify 54 wide sheets for 9 ceilings: G-P Gypsum Board, Temple-Inland Gypsum, or
Sheetrock Brand Gypsum panels.
Specify 5/8 thick at walls that are wood frame using efficient framing (studs at 24
centers).
Joint Compound: Specify No/Low VOC joint compound: Murco Wall products makes
a hypo-allergenic powdered (dry mix) all-purpose joint and texture compound that is
No-VOC and does not contain any preservatives, asbestos or slow-releasing compounds.
It is mixed with tap water. It is available at Environmental Building Supplies in
51

Portland, OR, and listed at $17.50 for a 25 lb. bag. If you specify a typical ready-mix
compound, specify low VOC.
Texture: Sand is a preferable aggregate to polystyrene but a non-aggregated texture is
best. Per the Material Safety Data Sheets, texture finishes have no VOCs and are mostly
lime and clay. Texture paints do have VOCs and other compounds that can be toxic.
Drywall Stops: Drywall stops save framing material (eliminate extra framing at
corners), reduce cracking (by allowing movement in floating walls), and leave space for
insulation at corners. The Nailer is made from 100% recycled (post consumer and postindustrial) high density polyethylene (HDPE). It can be used for wood or steel framing.
The only NW distributors are in California, but it can be ordered by phone or online and
drop-shipped by UPS. It is economical and easy to use- Habitat for Humanity is one of
their biggest clients.
Materials:
Gypsum board panels: Size: [4 x 8 sheets] or [54 Wide]. Paper: [100% post-consumer]
recycled content. Gypsum: maximum recycled content available or minimum 95%
synthetic gypsum, or a combination of both. Water resistant at wet areas. Type X
Gypsum Board where required for 1-hour separations. G-P Gypsum Board by G-P
Gypsum Corporation, Sheetrock Brand Gypsum Panels by USG Corporation, Templeinland Gypsum by Temple Inland Forest Products or Gold Bond Gypsum Wallboard by
National Gypsum Company.
1. Regular Gypsum Board: 1/2 or 5/8 ASTM C36
2. Water-Resistant Gypsum Board: ASTM C630
3. Fire Rated Board: 5/8 ASTM C36, Type X
Joint compound: Murco M100 Joint Compound, available at Environmental Building
Supplies, Portland, OR (503) 222 3881.
Fasteners: Drywall screws.
Drywall supports: galvanized steel or HDPE with high recycled content, as available.
The Nailer (800)280-2304 www.thenailer.com., or Simpson Drywall Stop by Simpson
Strong-Tie Connectors.
Joint Tape: Recycled content paper.
Handling: Protect from moisture and contaminants. Do not store near materials that
may off gas harmful volatile organic compounds, such as solvents, etc.
Installation: Select and layout panels to minimize waste. Maximum deviation: from true
plane: 1/8" per 10'. ASTM C840 and GA-216. Metal square trim at all corners. Protect
workers, occupants and HVAC systems from gypsum dust.
Texture: Non- aggregated texture finish: [light orange peel] or [spatter] or [stipple] or
[swirl]. Do not use a texture paint. See Section 09900 for paint.
Submittals: Submit documentation of actual [recycled] [synthetic] [recycled/synthetic]
content from manufacturer.
Waste Management: separate clean waste from other materials. [Return to
manufacturer] or [Pulverize and use as soil amendment on site. Coordinate with
Architect/landscape Architect] or [Place in designated area for recycling].
52
DIVISION 9 - FINISHES
09300 TILE:
Ceramic Tile: Specify ceramic tile with recycled content. They tend to be expensive, but
more and more are becoming available.
Glass Tiles: Specify recycled glass tiles.
Regional manufacturers of recycled glass tiles:
Aurora Glass- recycled glass trim and accents; Eugene, OR (888) 291.9311
www.auroraglass.org
Blazestone Tile, Bedrock Industries, Seattle, WA (877) 283.7625
www.bedrockindustries.com
Oceanside Glass Tiles, Oceanside Glasstile Co., Carlsbad, CA (760) 929.4000
www.glasstile.com
Recycled-Glass Tile, Sandhill Industries, Boise, ID (208) 345.6508
www.sandhillind.com
Retailers of Recycled Glass Tile :
Ambiente European Tile Design, Seattle, WA (206) 524.2113
Design Wise Studio, Ashland, OR (541) 482.7854
Environmental Building Supplies, Bend, OR (541) 317.0202
InterDcor, Inc. Spokane, WA (509)455.8080
Norberry Tile, Seattle, WA (206) 343.9916
Pratt & Larsen, Portland, OR (503) 231.9464
Pratt & Larsen, Bellevue, WA, (425) 643.1380
Western Tile and Marble, Bellevue, WA (425)643.1380
Mortars and Adhesives: Specify Low/No VOC mortars and Low VOC Adhesives.
Low VOC Adhesives:
Safecoat 3 in 1 Adhesive- American Formulating Manufactureing (AFM),
www.afmsafecoat.com; available at Environmental Building Supplies and the
Environmental Home Center- see above for contact information.
Grouts: Specify grouts free of petroleum and plastic.
Below is a partial sample specification for ceramic tile:
09310 CERAMIC TILE
General Conditions: Comply with standard grade requirements in ANSI Specifications
For Ceramic Tile, Specifications for Installation of Ceramic Tile, and TCAs
Handbook for Ceramic Tile Installation.
Materials:
1. Ceramic Tile: Blazestone Tile 4 x 4 100% recycled glass tile; Classic Series; Matte
finish; Color Spruce. Available at Pratt & Larsen, Portland (503) 231-9464.
2. Grout: Cement-based, petroleum- and plastic-free grout.
3. Cement Mortar: Latex-Portland Cement Mortar Low-VOC: ANSI A118.3 and A108.5.
53

4. Adhesive: Epoxy Adhesive or Organic Adhesive, Water based, Low VOC: 44
grams/liter max. ANSI A136.1 and A108.4. Safecoat 3-in-1 Adhesive, available at
Environmental Building Supplies, Portland (503) 222.3756 and the Environmental
Home Center, Seattle (206)281.9785
Submittals: Product data and samples.
54
09640 WOOD FLOORING:
Certified and Salvaged Wood: Specify certified sustainably harvested wood or salvaged
wood. Both are available prefinished or unfinished. Salvaged wood with old paint is
less expensive to buy, but will require more sanding. Old paint should be tested for
lead, and proper precautions taken accordingly. Many woods, especially soft wood, like
fir, darken with wear; salvaged painted wood may have unpredictable wear patterns
underneath the paint.
For more information on certified wood see: www.smartwood.org
Check for availability at the following locations:
Cascadia Forest Goods, LLC
Eugene, OR (541) 485.4477
www.cascadiaforestgoods.com
Ecoforestry Management Associates, Port Orford, OR (541) 332.7923
Endura Wood Products, Portland, OR (503) 233.7090 and Bend
(503) 383. 5003 www.endurawood.com
Kasters Kustom Cutting, Inc. Mulino, OR (503) 829.4167
KellyGoodwin Co., Portland, OR (503) 222.1604
McGee Salvage, Portland, OR (503) 720.7308, (503)740.9336
Perpetua Wood Floors, Portland, OR (503) 849.2580
EcoTimber, Berkely, CA (510) 549.3000 www.ecotimber.com
Edensaw Woods, Ltd. Seattle, WA (206) 587.0970
G.R. Plume Company, Ferndale, WA (360) 384.2800 www.grplume.com
Lumbermens Building Centers, Olympia, WA (360) 350.3105
Windfall Lumber and Milling, Olympia, WA (360) 791.5524
www.WindfallLumber.com
Tresltlewood, Provo, UTAH, (801) 375.2779
Finishes: Specify prefinished or a no/low VOC finish.
Low/no VOC finishes:
Light-med traffic/residential use:
OS Hardwax Oil and Wax finish available at Environmental Building Supplies,
Portland, OR (503) 222.3881.
Aglaia Hard Resin Oil available at Environmental Building Supplies, Portland,
OR (503) 222.3881
Med-high traffic residential and commercial use:
Safecoat Polyureseal by AFM available at Environmental Building Supplies
Portland, OR (503) 222.3881.
Bona Traffic, Strong, and Mega water-based polyurethane finishes by
BonaKemi USA, Inc. (800) 574.4674 www.bonakemi.com.
Distributed
throughout Oregon and Washington- see website.
Below is a sample partial specification for a very reasonably priced sustainably
harvested 3rd grade maple floor.
Materials: Muskoka Prefinished 3rd grade maple flooring by Timbec. Random lengths
x 2 1/4 x 5/8. Available at Kelly Goodwin Co.
55

Installation: Per manufacturers written instructions.
BAMBOO FLOORING:
Bamboo is actually a grass and is very renewable; shoots are ready for harvest in 4-6
years. Bamboo has a low moisture absorption making it good for humid climates and
applications where moisture might pose a challenge for other types of flooring. Some
bamboo flooring is harvested and made in China, and although it is not a threat to
pandas (they live in a higher elevation habitat and eat a different type of bamboo), the
travel distance should be considered. It is available finished or unfinished. It is
available in the natural blonde color or in other shades of amber. Natural bamboo
flooring is notable for the knuckles formed by the joints in the stalk. Vertical-grain
bamboo has a clean linear look as an alternative to the knuckles. Some bamboo flooring
is made with urea formaldehyde adhesives that off gas VOCs, although flooring
typically has less resin than particleboard products. The prefinished flooring emits
much lower VOCs. Specify mechanical fasteners (nails or staples) on plywood or
No/Low VOC adhesives on concrete.
Check for availability at the following locations:
Bamboo Hardwoods, Portland, OR 9503) 227.7521, and Seattle WA (800)
783.0557 or (206) 529. 0978. www.bamboohardwoods.com
Kelly Goodwin Co., Portland, OR (503) 222.1604
Eco River, Mercer Island, WA (206) 818.8843
Endura Wood Products, Portland, OR (503) 233.7090 and Bend
(503) 383. 5003
Edensaw Woods, Ltd. Port Townsend, WA (360) 385.7878
EcoTimber, San Rafael, CA (888) 801.0855. www.ecotimber.com; Virtually
formaldehyde free.
Smith & Fong, South San Francisco, CA (866) 835.9859
Teragren LLC, Brainbridge Island, WA (800) 929.6333
Wellmade, Wilsonville, OR (503) 784.1050
Finishes: Specify prefinished or a no/low VOC finish.
Low/no VOC finishes:
OS Hardwax Oil and Wax finish available at Environmental Building Supplies,
Portland, OR, (503) 222.3881.
Aglaia Hard Resin Oil available at Environmental Building Supplies, Portland,
OR, (503) 222.3881
Safecoat Polyureseal by AFM available at Environmental Building Supplies,
Portland, OR (503) 222.3881.
Materials: Prefinished natural grain bamboo flooring by Teragren (formerly Timbergrass)
Color: Natural
Available at: Environmental Building Supplies, Portland, (503) 222.3881.
Installation: Installed by the nail or staple down method per manufacturers instructions.
56
DIVISION 9 FINISHES
09650 RESILIENT FLOORING
Linoleum: Linoleum flooring is made from minimally processed, readily available
ingredients that do not contain petroleum or PVC based chemicals. The oxidation of
linoleic acid helps to control microbial growth, and although the oxidation does emit
small amounts of VOCs, they are minimal and thought to be less harmful than
petroleum based VOCs.
Specify remnants for small spaces or patterns.
Specify the use of a 100 lb roller and heat welded seams. Make sure the installer has
experience with linoleum as the installation is different than vinyl.
Adhesives: Forbo makes a no VOC, water based, solvent free adhesive for linoleum
sheet , L-910. Specify Forbo linoleum T940 for Forbo linoleum tile. Armstrong makes an
adhesive for both linoleum sheet and tile that is low/no VOC, low odor and low /no
organic solvents, S-760.
Underlayment: APA Underlayment Grade Plywood, minimum 1/4 thickness, with
fully sanded face is preferred. May be installed over concrete. Particle board, Chip
board, and Lauan are NOT recommended. See manufacturers instructions for more
information.
Vinyl: The use of vinyl flooring is not recommended due to VOC emissions and
pollution during manufacture. Babies and small children are especially at risk, since
they are often on the floor and their small lungs are still developing. However, if it is
used, VOCs may be reduced by having the product unrolled to air out prior to
installation. VOCs tend to off-gas in a steep curve that drops sharply. A week or two
will make a big difference. If the product is already installed, the space can be left
uninhabited and well ventilated to achieve the same thing, although it will take longer.
instructions.
09655 LINOLEUM FLOORING

Materials: Linoleum resilient sheet or tile floor covering as manufactured by Forbo or
Armstrong. Linoleum Adhesive as recommended by manufacturer.
Construction: Linoleum homogeneous floor covering shall be of all natural materials
consisting of linseed oil, cork, wood flour, resin binders, dry pigments, mixed and
calandered onto natural jute backing. Pattern and color shall extend throughout total
thickness of material.
Physical Characteristics: width: 79, length:105 linear feet , 1/10 (2.5 mm) or 1/8
(3.2mm). backing: Jute
Underlayment: 3/8" APA Underlayment Grade Plywood underlayment.
Installation: Install per manufacturers installation instructions. Lay material into wet
adhesive within 10-15 minutes. Trowel- 1/16 square notch. Spread rateapproximately 150 sf/gal. Roll with a 100 lb roller. Heat weld seams.
57
09680 CARPET:
Natural Fibers: Natural fiber carpets, such as wool, cotton, sisal, jute, and hemp do not
emit VOCs, are from renewable sources, are not petroleum based, and can be naturally
water resistant and antimicrobial. They tend to be expensive, but long lasting.
Remnants are often available at a more affordable price.
Recycled Fibers: Recycled fiber carpets made from recycled soft drink containers (#1
PET) or recycled nylon are also locally available.
Installation: Avoid the use of glues by specifying mechanical fastening: Tackless carpet
stripping (water-resistant plywood strips, 3/8 or 9/32 thick, with angular pins
protruding from the top for gripping and holding stretched carpet) or hook and loop. If
adhesive is used, specify a dry adhesive (peel and stick). For wet adhesives, specify a
maximum VOC level of 50 grams/liter.
Below is a partial sample specification for a very reasonably priced 100% recycled nylon
carpet, available at Environmental Building Supplies in Portland, OR (503) 222-3881.
Materials: Acceptable manufacturer: Shaw Industries "Peto" Series recycled nylon low
pile commercial loop. Colors to be selected by Architect. 100% recycled synthetic felt
fiber pad. Carpet and pad available at Environmental Building Supplies (503) 222-3881.
Installation: Carpet to be stretched in over pad using tackless carpet stripping. Run pile
in same direction throughout project. Remove threads and vacuum upon completion of
installation.
58
DIVISION 9 FINISHES
09900 PAINTINGS AND COATINGS
VOCs: Specify Very Low/No VOC paint, stain and sealer.
Recycled Paint: Specify recycled primer and paint for exterior use only because the
VOCs are unpredictable, and typically high for at least a few more years until no/low
VOC paints are the norm. The available colors are limited.
VOC Sealers: Specify sealers with a vapor permeability of 1 perm or less to seal VOCs
from glue-laminated products such as particle board, plywood, and MDF, and
strandboard.
Interior Low/No Voc primer for gypsum board:
AFM Safecoat New Wall Board Primecoat HPV, AFM
Interior Low/No VOC primer suitable for masonry, plaster, drywall, and wood:
Pristine Ecospec 231 Interior Masonry, Plaster, Drywall, Wood Latex Primer
Sealer, Benjamin Moore & Co. Headquarters in NJ. Manufacturing plants
throughout the US.
Interior Low/No Voc Paints for gypsum board and other materials (verify specific
product suitability for different materials):
Best Paint, Best Paint Co., Seattle, WA.
Harmony Low-Odor Interior Latex Coatings, Sherwin Williams, Headquarters
in Ohio.
Kelly-Moore Enviro-Cote, Kelly-Moore Paint Company. Headquarters in CA.
Closest manufacturing plants in: Seattle, Washington and San Carlos, California.
Miller Acro and Super (Low odor, water based, solvent free), Miller Paint Co..
Headquarters and manufacturing plant in Oregon.
Pristine Ecospec Interior Latex, Benjamin Moore & Co.. Headquarters in NJ.
Manufacturing plants throughout the US.
Pure Performance Interior Latex, PPG Architectural Finishes. Headquarters in
MI. Closest manufacturing plants in California.
Rodda Horizon Zero VOC Interior Paint, Rodda Paint Co. Headquarters and
manufacturing plants in the northwest.
Safecoat Zero VOC by American Formulating Manufacturers (AFM)
Wonder-Pure No-VOC/Odor, Devoe Paint. Headquarters in Ohio.
Interior Low/No VOC Paints for wood trim:
Safecoat Cabinet & Trim Enamel, AFM
BioShield Enamel Paint, Eco-Design Co.
Exterior Low/No Voc Paint for masonry:
Best Universal Primer and Duracryl Exterior Paint, Best Paint, Inc.
Safecoat Cembond Masonry Paint, AFM
Exterior Low/No VOC Paint for wood/composite siding, doors, and trim (Verify
specific product suitability for different materials):
Best Duracryl Exterior Paint, Best Paint Co., Seattle, WA.
59

Glidden No-VOC Lifemaster 2000, IC Dulux Paints. Manufacturing plants
throughout the US.
Rodda Horizon Line, Rodda Paints. The only Green Seal certified exterior
paint. Headquarters and manufacturing plants in the northwest.
Safecoat Exterior Paint, AFM
Low/No VOC Paint for Metal:
Best Duracryl Exterior Paint, Best Paint, Co. Seattle, WA..
Recycle Paint (Interior or exterior, but interior not recommended due to VOCs):
Metro Recycled Paint, Portland, OR.
Interior Clear Sealers for wood and cork (verify specific product suitability for different
materials) :
Hard Seal, AFM
OS Hardwax Oil, Environmental Home Center
Original Wood Finish and Varnish Oil, Tried & True Wood Finishes
Penofin, Performance Coatings
Polymerized Tung Oil, Sutherland Welles Low-Toxic Wood Finishes
Exterior Low/No VOC Stains and Finishes;
Safecoat DuroStain, AFM
Timber-Tek UV Wood Finishes, Timber-Tek
Weather-Bos Paints and Finishes (Low odor), Weather -Bos
09900 PAINTINGS AND COATINGS:
General Conditions: Provide materials that are compatible with one another and with
substrates.
Materials: All paints, coatings and finishes to be No/Low VOC and No/Low odor.
Products listed are available at local paint outlets, Home Depots, Wood Crafters Lumber
Supply, Inc. (Portland), Environmental Building Supplies (Portland), Environmental
Home Center (Seattle) and other retailers. See manufacturers websites for additional
information.
INTERIOR
Gypsum Board Primer: AFM Safecoat New Wall Board Primecoat HPV by AFM; or
Pristine Ecospec 231 Interior Masonry, Plaster, Drywall, Wood Latex Primer Sealer
by Benjamin Moore & Co..
Gyspum Board Paint: Two (2) coats minimum. Semi-gloss or eggshell finish. Safecoat
Zero VOC by AFM; Pristine Ecospec Interior Latex Eggshell Enamel 223 by
Benjamin Moore & Co.; Best Paint by Best Paint Inc.; Rodda Horizon Zero-VOC Interior
Paint by Rodda Paint; Kelly-Moore Enviro-Cote by Kelly-Moore Paint Co.; Miller Acro
and Super, Miller Paint Co..
Interior Wood Doors, and Woodwork: Two (2) coats minimum, semi-gloss. Same
manufactures as wallboard.
Interior Glue Laminated Construction: If MDF or particle board made with urea
formaldehyde are used, all exposed edges must be sealed with Safecoat Safe Seal by
AFM.
Wood trim: Clear sealer. Hard Seal by AFM; OS Hardwax Oil by Environmental Home
Center; Original Wood Finish or Varnish Oil by Tried & True Wood Finishes,
60

Polymerized Tung Oil by Sutherland Welles Low-Toxic Wood Finishes, Penofin by
Performance Coatings.
EXTERIOR
Exterior Siding. Primer and Two (2) Finish Coats minimum: Best Duracryl Exterior Paint,
Best Paint Co.; Safecoat Exterior Paint by AFM; Glidden No-VOC Lifemaster 2000 by IC
Dulux Paints; Rodda Horizon Line by Rodda Paint Co.
Exterior Trim, Primer: Pre-primed. Two (2) Finish Coats minimum: satin finish. Best
Duracryl Exterior Paint, Best Paint Co.; Safecoat Exterior Paint by AFM; Glidden NoVOC Lifemaster 2000 by IC Dulux Paints; Rodda Horizon Line by Rodda Paint Co.
61
DIVISION 11 EQUIPMENT
11200 RAINWATER COLLECTION
Packaged systems for rainwater collection are typically more geared toward large
commercial applications. For residential systems, components need to be specified
individually and the system required needs to be defined and specified clearly. The
good news is that all of the components are available and off-the-shelf.
Local supplier of packaged systems:
Northwest Water Source, Friday Harbor, WA , (360) 378.8788
www.rainfallcatchment.com - packaged systems and components including
pumps, filters, and storage containers.
Other suppliers of packaged systems:
Rainharvester, www.rainharvester.com, turn-key rainwater harvesting
systems, components, and an excellent guide online.
Rainwater Collection Over Texas, Dripping Springs, TX,, (800) 222.3614
complete systems and components.
Use/Filters: Specify the intended use and specify filter requirements accordingly. Below
are some typical uses and filter requirements:
landscaping irrigation: sediment filter
toilets: sediment filter and sand
potable: sediment filter and carbon block and UV radiation; reverse osmosis
optional
Locally available sources of filters:
If the water is to be used for more than irrigation it will need to be backed up by city
water. It will also need to be permitted.
Roofing material: The following was copied directly from the website of Northwest
Water Source, with permission:
If Rainwater is to be collected only for non-potable use such as irrigation, the roofing
material is of minimal importance. Zinc or Copper roofing will damage landscape
plants.
If Rainwater is to be collected for household use including drinking purposes, then the
roofing material if of critical importance.
The following roofing materials are listed in best to worst order if used for drinking
purposes.
STANDING SEAM, ENAMELED STEEL ROOFING - This is the best possible roofing
material.
RAINCOAT 2000 or equal - NSF approved potable water acrylic roof coating for flat
roofed structures.
62
PVC SHEET ROOFING - This is an excellent source of water.

GLAZED CERAMIC TILE/CEMENT CLAY- This is a very good source of water but
there may be a little clay residue from time to time.
ASPHALT/3-TAB COMPOSITION ROOFING - This is a fair source of water, accepted
by some states, but new composition roofing may have been treated with Zinc to
prevent moss growth and this is unacceptable.
ALUMINUM ROOFING - Unacceptable due to leaching from rainwater.
ZINC OR COPPER ROOFING - Unacceptable due to leaching from rainwater.
TORCHDOWN/TAR ROOF - Unacceptable unless coated with one of the potable roof
coatings.
SHAKE/CEDAR SHINGLE ROOF -Unacceptable for anything but irrigation.
Diverters: A simple diverter can be used to direct rainwater from a typical downspout
for collection into a container for irrigation. They can be homemade, or bought off the
shelf.
The Garden Watersaver, Richmond, BC. (604) 274.6630
www.gardenwatersaver.com . It can be ordered online and shipped. Cost is
currently $19.95.
Prewash: A prewash mechanism is recommended. Prewash mechanisms generally let
the first few gallons run off the roof, uncollected, to clean the roof and remove loose
particles, such as dirt, leaves, twigs, etc. They may or may not also contain particulate
filters. They reduce maintenance for the system and typically require minimal
maintenance themselves. They can be home-built or purchased off-the-shelf.
Filtering Roof Washer, Water Filtration Company, Marietta OH (800)733.6953
www.waterfiltrationcompany.com- a packaged prefilter; about $600.00
Smart- Valve Rainwater Diverter, FloTrue International Corp. Austin, TX, (512)
775.8318, www.flotrue.com. Can be ordered online for $59.95 plus shipping.
Storage: There are many types of storage containers, depending on the size and location.
They can be made of concrete, polyethylene, steel, fiberglass, wood, or other plastics.
Concrete storage is typically used for below ground applications. Plastic and galvanized
steel containers are typically used for above ground storage. Specify food-grade plastic.
Many containers can be reused from other industries, especially the food industry (beer,
soda, soysauce etc.) and the agricultural industry (livestock watering troughs). Since
barrels used to ship food are not re-used for fear of contamination, they are usually
locally available (and costly to ship). Soda companies typically sell used barrels for
$5.00. New containers can usually be purchased from garden supply and nurseries,
although they tend to be in the $80-100 range. To find plastic containers in your area,
use a search engine and search for recycled plastic barrels, and your city/state.
Containers can be used singly or in tandem. Specify containers that have either a secure
lid or a tighthead (3 spigot on top), or 2 bungs (holes) on top. For potable water,
specify containers that meet ANSI/NSF 61 standards for drinking water.
Small storage containers:
63
Carton Service, Portland, OR (503) 227.6428 sells used food grade 55 gallon
barrels, $20.00 for a tighthead and $25.00 for removable lid.
D & P Industries, Inc. Portland, OR (503) 286.9866 www.composters.net sells a
57 gallon Urban Rain Barrel of food grade plastic with a removable lid for $89.50.
They also sell linking, overflow and irrigation kits.
GloryBee Foods sells in Eugene, OR, (800) 456.7923 www.glorybeefoods.com
sells 55 gallon used food grade plastic barrels with 2 bungs for $14.95.
McDowell Bag Company, Portland, OR (503) 234.6624 sells used food grade 55
gallon barrels, $15.00 w/ 2 spigots, $25.00 with removable lid.
Large storage containers:
Holloway Welding & Piping, Allen, TX, (972)562.5035, vertical above ground
storage tanks.
Noresco, Inc. St. Bonifacius, MN (800) 328.3420, www.norwesco.com - 12 to
15,000 gallon polyethylene water storage tanks. Safe for potable water.
Premier Plastics LTD. Delta, BC, Canada, 1-800-661-4473,
tanks@PremierPlastics.com - Polyethylene tanks and accessories.
Rainharvester, www.rainharvester.com, turn-key rainwater harvesting
systems, components, and an excellent guide online.
Rainwater Collection Over Texas, Dripping Springs, TX,, (800) 222.3614
complete systems and components.
Snyder Industries, Lincoln, NE (402) 465.1220, www.snydernet.com - above
and below ground polyethylene storage tanks.
Pumps: Standard well, Jacuzzi, and sump pumps can be used to pump water from the
tank, if necessary. Use gravity as much as possible in the design. A pump can supply
points of use or a pressure tank. For an even supply, specify a pressure tank and pump
combination. Northwest Water source sells a pump that does not require a pressure
tank
11200 RAINWATER COLLECTION
General Requirements: Bidder designed system. The system must meet the
requirements of the local permitting authority.
System Requirements: Rainwater collection system. Collected water to be used for
[Irrigation] [Toilet(s)] [potable- whole house]. Provide all components, fittings, valves,
piping, etc. for a complete system.
Products:
1. Storage: [Concrete] [Galvanized Steel] [Food-Grade Plastic] storage tank[s] located
as shown on drawings.
Tank Size: [Insert Size]
Prewash: [Insert product] [site built per drawings and details]
Filter: [Sediment] [Sand] [UV Radiation] [Carbon Block] [Reverse Osmosis]
Pump: Standard well or sump pump as required to meet pressure requirements.
64
Piping: [2] [4]

Submittals:
1. Product Data for each component.
2. Schematic layout of system.
65
DIVISION 11 - EQUIPMENT
11450 RESIDENTAIL EQUIPMENT
Energy Efficiency: Specify energy efficient appliances and equipment. Specify ENERGY
STAR rated equipment at a minimum.
Range Vents: Specify hood vents that exhaust to the exterior for ranges.
Rebates: Manufacturers often give rebates for energy efficient equipment. Inquire at
your dealer for rebates. The state of Oregon gives tax credits. See the Oregon
Residential Energy Tax Credit website at the Oregon Department of Energy:
www.energy.state.or.us/res/tax/appliance.htm.
Refrigerators: Specify ENERGY STAR rated models, which must exceed the 2001
federal standards by 10%. The most efficient models are 16-20 cubic feet. Specify top
freezer refrigerators- they use 10-25% less energy than side by side. Specify refrigerators
without the automatic ice-maker and dispensor- they increase energy use by 14-20%.
Specify manual defrost models, if possible- they use half the energy of automatic defrost
models. Note that frost buildup increases energy use and manual defrost models must
be defrosted periodically to realize energy savings.
Manufacturers of better known ENERGY STAR rated or better refrigerators:
Amana Appliances
Avanti Products
Danby
Diversified Refrigeration Inc
Electrolux Home Products/Frigidaire
GE Appliances
Haier America
KitchenAid
LG Electronics, Inc.
Maytag Appliances
Sanyo E & E Corporation
Sears /Kenmore
Sub-Zero Freezer Company, Inc.
Sun Frost
U-Line Corporation
Whirlpool Corporation
Clothes Washers and Dryers: Specify ENERGY STAR, front loading washers and
dryers. Specify a size that meets the need- models range from 1.6 to 3.8 cubic feet.
Stackable, and undercounter models are also available. Specify a model that has several
water level options so water level can be adjusted to the size of the load. Specify a
model with a mini-basket for very small loads. Specify a model with a pre-soaking and
suds-saver options. Specify a model with high spin speeds for better extraction. Specify
a laundry line for hanging laundry.
Manufacturers of better known ENERGY STAR rated or better clothes washers and
dryers:
Amana Appliances
Appliances International
Danby
66

Electrolux Home Products/Frigidaire/Gibson/White-Westinghouse
Equator Corporation
Fisher & Paykel
GE Appliances
Haier America
LG Electronics, Inc.
Maytag
Miele, Inc.
Samsung Electronics Co.
Sears/Kenmore
Splendide
Staber industries, Inc.
Thor Appliance Company
Whirlpool Corporation
Dishwashers: Specify ENERGY STAR or better dishwashers. They must exceed the
national standard of 1994 by at least 25%. Specify the right size. Standard capacity
models hold more than 8 place settings and 6 serving pieces. Compact capacity models
hold 8 place settings and 6 serving pieces or less. A compact model operated more
frequently will use more energy than a standard model. Specify models with an energysaving option. Specify models without a soil sensor- they heat the water more or add
extra water for heavily soiled dishes.
Manufacturers of better known ENERGY STAR or better dishwashers:
AM Appliance Group- Eurotech and Asko
Danby
Electrolux Home Products/Frigidaire
Equator Corporation
Fisher & Paykel
GE Appliances
Haier America
Maytag
Miele, Inc.
Sears/Kenmore
Viking Range Corporation
Whirlpool corporation
Range and Hood: Gas is more energy efficient but requires careful ventilation (which
may use more energy) to maintain good indoor air quality. Specify a hood that vents to
the exterior, with a fan of at least 100 cfm. If the duct for the fan is longer than a few feet
or has turns, specify a bigger fan or a booster.
Energy Star Website: www.energystar.gov/index.cfm
11450 RESIDENTIAL EQUIPMENT:
Products:
1. Refrigerator: ENERGY STAR Rated, 18 cu.ft., Top-freezer, Manual defrost. NO auto
icemaker or dispenser.
Approved Manufacturers: Amana, Frigidaire, GE, Kenmore/Sears. Kitchenaid,
Maytag/Magic Chef, Sun Frost, Whirlpool.
67

2. Range: [30] [insert size]; [Gas] [Electric]; [Freestanding] [Cooktop]; [Self-cleaning]; [4]
[6] burner
Approved Manufacturer: Frigidaire, Whirlpool, GE, Hotpoint
3. Dishwasher: ENERGY STAR Rated , 24, Standard capacity, Energy-saving
options, NO soil sensor.
Approved manufacturer: Asko, Frigidaire, maytag, Miele, Sears, Whirlpool
4. Range Hood: 30 Vented (to exterior) Hood with Light
Minimum 250 CFM
5. Clothes Washer/Dryer: ENERGY STAR Rated, 2.5 - 3.5 cubic feet, several load
size/water options, pre-soaking/sud-saver options, high spin speed.
Approved manufacturer: Whirlpool, GE, Maytag. Sears, GE
Submittals: manufacturers specifications, including annual energy/water consumption
and EPAs ENERGY STAR rating for each piece of equipment.
68
DIVISION 12 FURNISHINGS
12300 MANUFACTURED CASEWORK:
See 06810 Glue Laminated Construction.
Stock Cabinets: Stock cabinets are typically made from particle board with urea
formaldehyde binders. The formaldehyde off-gasses and the particleboard does not
hold fasteners well. One cabinet company manufactures cabinets with wheatboard
boxes, uses low/No VOC finishes, and also offers FSC certified wood for the doors and
drawers as an option.
Semi-Custom Cabinets: Many stock cabinet companies allow some customization of
stock cabinets, a good alternative for many budgets. Certified and/or formaldehyde free
materials for the box, frame, and/or doors can be substituted for an additional fee.
Specify formaldehyde-free MDF, wheatboard, or exterior grade plywood (has only small
amounts of phenol formaldehyde) for the box. Exterior plywood is typically the most
cost effective, only adding $250-300 to a typical kitchen. Another option is to seal all
exposed surfaces with a sealer (see below) or plastic laminate.
Features or upgrades to improve durability include steel (not plastic) drawer slides and
dovetail drawers.
Custom Cabinets: Specify face frames, doors, and other casework made of FSC certified
sustainable harvested wood, salvaged wood, and/or agricultural waste/recycled wood
made without urea-formaldehyde.
Wood Products made without urea-formaldehyde:
Medex (exterior) and Medite II (interior) MDF, SierraPine LTD.
Sealer for off-gassing:
Safecoat Safe Seal, American Formulating Manufacturing (AFM)
Certified Wood products:
FSC-Certified MDF, Temple-Inland Forest Products Corp.
Certified Particleboard, Collins Products, LLC.
Certified Pine Plywood, ROMEX World Trade Company, LLC
Certified wood suppliers in OR and WA:
Crosscut hardwoods, Portland, OR (503) 224.9663
Edensaw Woods, LTD., Seattle WA (877) 333.6729, and Port Townsend, WA
(800) 745.3336.
Endura Hardwoods, Portland, OR (503) 233.7090 and Bend (503) 383.5003
Reclaimed Wood Dealers in OR and WA:
Columbia International Trading Co., Portland, OR (888) 326.3577
69

Craftmark Reclaimed Wood, McMinnville, OR (503) 472.6929
G.R. Plume Company, Ferndale, WA (360) 384.2800 www.grplume.com
J Squared Timberworks, Seattle, WA (206) 781.3000
Resource Woodworks, Tacoma WA (253) 474.3757
R.W. Rhine Inc., Tacoma WA (800) 963. 8270
Canon Structures, Inc., Trestlewood Division, Provo, UT (801) 375.2779
Portland location planned in the future.
Alternative (agricultural waste) and recycled wood products:
WoodStalk, Dow BioProducts- straw, formaldehyde free
Parkland Panels, Panel Source International- wheat straw, formaldehyde free
Primeboard, Primeboard, Inc.- wheat straw, formaldehyde free
MeadowBoard, Meadowood Industries- Ryegrass stems
WheatBoard- Wheat straw
OSB- small diameter/low grade trees
Particleboard and MDF, Weyerhaeuser- SCS certified 100% recycled/
recovered
Resincore-I Particleboard, Rodman Industries- Some recycled content
Cabinet Manufacturers:
Armstrong Allwood Cabinetry, Portland, OR- Plantation grown wood for
doors and frames; will substitute exterior grade plywood.
Baywood Cabinet, Inc. Kent, WA, (425) 252.9611/(206) 575.1240- Certified
wood cabinets.
Cascadia
Custom
Cabinets,
Portland,
OR
(503)693.1624
www.cascadiacustomcabinets.com - Certified, salvaged, and recycled wood,
aniline dyes and natural stains with No/Low VOC water based lacquers.
Endura Wood Products, Portland OR (503) 233.7090 www.endurawood.com Certified wood cabinets.
Fuller Cabinets, Eugene OR, (541) 349.9887, www.fullcab.com- Certified wood
cabinets.
Kasters Kustom Cutting Inc., Mulino OR, (503) 829.4167- Certified wood
cabinets.
Lumbermens, Olympia, WA, (360) 350 3105.
Neil Kelly, Portland, OR (503) 288.7461, www.neilkellycabinets.com -cabinets
lines, all with wheatboard boxes and No/Low VOC finishes. Certified wood for
drawers and doors is an option.
Westmark
Products,
Inc.
Tacoma,
WA
(800)
755.3470
www.westmarkproducts.com
Specify non-toxic, No/Low VOC finishes. See 09900 Paints and Coatings.
Below is a sample partial specification for a semi-custom cabinet.
Scope of Work: Kitchen cabinets.
1. Forest Certification: Provide cabinets produced from wood obtained from forests
certified by an FSC-accredited certification body to comply with FSC 1.2.
Manufacturer: Canyon Creek Line, Parr Lumber
Products:
1. Face Style: Shaker Style, Reveal overlay.
70

2. Cabinet Style: Face frame.
3. Door and Drawer Fronts: Certified wood stiles and rails, with flat wood center panels.
4. Face Frame Finish: Exterior hardwood plywood.
5. Exposed Cabinet End Finish: Exterior hardwood.
6. Drawers: Exterior plywood sides, back and bottom; dovetail construction; heavy duty
steel glides.
Finish: Exterior: No VOC Paint. See 09900 Paintings and Coatings. Interior: Plywood
veneer. Sealed with clear sealer. See 09900 Paintings and Coatings.
Submittals: Product Data and Shop drawings.
Below is a sample partial specification for a custom cabinet.
Scope of Work: Kitchen cabinets.
1. Forest Certification: Provide cabinets produced from wood obtained from forests
certified by an FSC-accredited certification body to comply with FSC 1.2.
Materials:
1. Hardboard: AHA A135.4.
2. MDF: ANSI A208.2 Grade MD made with a binder containing no urea formaldehyde.
3. Particleboard: Straw-based particle board complying with requirements of ANSI
A208.1, except for density.
4. Hardwood Plywood and Face Veneers: HPVA HP-1 made with adhesive containing
no urea formaldehyde.
Products:
Wood Species for Exposed Surfaces: [insert species]. FSC Certified.
Finish: Clear sealer. See 09900 Paintings and Coatings.
Submittals: FSC Certification and Shop drawings.
71
DIVISION 15 MECHANICAL
15100 PLUMBING:
Supply and Distribution:
Polyethelene: Specify HDPE (high density polyethylene), PEX (cross linked
polyethylene) products, (such as Wirsbo), or PEX-AL-PEX (cross linked polyethylenealuminum-cross linked polyethylene) products, (such as Kitec) for supply (water service
and water distribution) plumbing.
Copper has a high recycled content and is recyclable, but corrodes, especially in certain
conditions. The corrosion of all metal contaminates waste water and is particularly
harmful to aquatic life. If copper is specified, specify lead-free solders. Do not specify
copper if the water has a PH of 6.5 or less. Most public utilities supply water at a PH
between 7.2 and 8.0, but private well water may be below 6.5. Do not specify metal
pipes near water bodies.
Steel: Stainless steel corrodes less than copper. Galvanized steel corrodes faster than
both.
Waste and vent: Specify HDPE, cast iron or vitrified clay pipe for sanitary drain waste
and vent piping.
Stormwater: Specify HDPE for irrigation.
HDPE: comes in various sizes and is readily available. High recycled content
polyethylene, up to 100% is also possible. HDPE has a high expansion/contraction rate
during high temperature fluctuations.
PVC and ABS: PVC and CPVC, and ABS piping are not recommended due to the
environmental impacts of production and disposal. Substances known or suspected of
causing cancer and disrupting immune and reproductive systems are
produced/released during the manufacture and disposal. ABS is generally considered
less harmful than PVC by some.
Traps: Specify J-drains (traps) with removable panels for easy cleaning at sinks and
lavatories without the use of polluting chemicals.
Fixtures: Specify durable fixtures. Specify low-flow fixtures and faucets.
Specify composting toilets.
The following toilets had good flush performance ratings in a 2003 test study by the
N A H B
R e s e a r c h
C e n t e r
(http://www.toolbase.org/secondaryT.asp?TrackID=&CategoryID=1002):
American Standard Gravity Compact 2-piece Elong
American Standard Gravity Plebe 2-piece Elong
American Standard Gravity Cadet 2-piece RF/ADA
American Standard Gravity Cadet 2-piece RF
American Standard Gravity Dual Flush - DUAL FLUSH 2-pc/2-flush RF
Briggs (Proflo) Gravity Abingdon III 2-piece RF
Briggs (Proflo) Gravity Altima III 2-piece RF
72

Briggs (Proflo) Vacuum Vacuity 2-piece Elong
Corona Gravity Orchid 2-piece RF
Caroma Gravity Caravelle - DUAL FLUSH 2 pc/2-flush RF
Crane/Universal Rundle Gravity Atlas bowl 2-piece RF
Crane Pressure Economiser 2 -piece RF
Crane Vacuum VIP Flush 2-piece RF
Gerber Pressure Ultra 2-piece RF
Glacier Bay (HD brand)
RAK Thailand Gravity Westminster 2 piece RF
Kohler Gravity Devonshire 2-piece Elong
Kohler Gravity Santa Rosa 1-piece RF
Kohler Gravity Wellworth 2-piece RF
Kohler Gravity Wellworth 2-piece Elong
Kohler Gravity Memoirs 2-piece Elong
Kohler Gravity Serif 4608 tank 2-piece RF
Mansfield Gravity Alto 2-piece RF
Mansfield Pressure Quantum 2-piece Elong
Microphor Air-assist Microflush LF1-piece RF
Niagara Gravity Flapperless 2-piece RF
Niagara Gravity Turbo N2220 2-piece RF
Sanitarios Azteca (Lamosa) Gravity Sahara 2-piece RF
St. Thomas Gravity Marathon 2-piece RF
St. Thomas Pressure Mariner II 2-piece Elong
Toto Gravity Drake 2-piece Elong
Toto Gravity CST703 2-piece RF
Toto Gravity Ultramax 1-piece Elong
Toto Gravity Ultimate 1-piece Elong
Toto Gravity Ultimate 1-piece RF
Western Pottery Gravity Aris 2-piece RF
Other toilets that have consistently rated well in performance surveys:
American Standard Champion Flapperless
Eljer Berkeley
Western Clinton
Specify vacuum toilet systems (used on boats, planes and trains to conserve water).
They reduce water consumption, reduce piping, and can eliminate the need for vent
pipes.
Materials:
Supply Plumbing: HDPE, PEX (Wirsbo) composite tubing, or PEX-AL-PEX (Kitec)
composite tubing.
SDR 9Pex tube and brass insert-type fittings with corrosionresistant metal bands. No PVC.
Drain Plumbing: HDPE, Cast iron or vitrified clay pipe. No PVC.
Fixtures:
1. Toilets: 1.6 gallons.
2. Sink and Shower faucets and aerators: 2.5 gallons/minute when measured at a
flowing water pressure of 80 lbs/in2.
73
DIVISION 15 - MECHANICAL
15500 HEAT GENERATION EQUIPMENT:
Reduce the heating and cooling loads using passive solar design, energy efficient
windows, and a well-insulated envelope. Mechanical systems should be as energy
efficient as possible.
All Systems: Specify a digital, programmable thermostat(s) and divide heating into
zones. Specify controls and hardware to meet ADA requirements as applicable.
Radiant Heat Systems: Specify a whole house fan, or use a centrally located source fan
as the whole house fan. See fan specifications in Division 16- ELECTRICAL. Specify
fresh air inlets. See specifications below. Specify insulation at the floor. See tips below
for specific systems. Consider specifying a lockable cabinet for the manifold and/or
hydro panels.
Structural/Radiant Panel Floor Sheathing/Heating System: Specify insulation under
the panels, either rigid, batts, or blown-in. Check your local code for requirements. See
specification notes below.
In-Slab Radiant Heat: Specify rigid insulation at the slab. Check your local code for
requirements, which will require either perimeter insulation (24-36) or the full slab.
Consider combining radiant slab heat with the hydro-air system below. The fan coil
units work very well on floors above grade, where pouring a slab can add weight and
cost, and they have the additional benefit of allowing independent and quicker response
at each space. Since the Willamette Valley has a temperate climate, in-slab radiant heat
may be overkill in well insulated and sealed homes.
Forced Air Systems: Forced air systems should always be filtered. Specify HEPA type
filters if the occupants have asthma, allergies or other respiratory problems. Otherwise,
electrostatic filters work well. When considering different types of filters, pay attention
to the maintenance required and make sure it is realistic for the occupant(s). Include a
filtered fresh air inlet with a manual damper that can be mixed in with the return air.
Hydro-Air System: Notes: Heat loss calculations should be used to verify the size and
location of units, and to size and specify the water heaters. They can be provided by
BIO-RADIANT ENERGY INC. for a small fee. Water heaters should be high efficiency
or tankless on-demand. At small bathrooms, an extra loop may be run under the floor
and backed up with a heat lamp.
References:
Radiant Panel Association, www.rpa-info.com.
HeatingHelp.com
Below is a sample specification for a bidder-designed Hydro Air System:
Heating System: Hydro air system. Hydro panels to be located in [water heater closet],
[laundry room], [mechanical room]. [other]. Note: Consider specifying a lockable cabinet
for the hydro panel in multifamily projects.
Bidder Designed: For heater locations see sheet [XXX]. Size and locations to be
verified with heat loss calculations. Provide [one whole house thermostat] [2 zones (up
74

and down) and two house thermostats] [etc.] at each unit. Provide individual
thermostats for each space per plans. Provide digital programmable thermostats.
Coordinate with manufacturer and local code for selection of thermostats. Provide
circulation pump and timer by TACO. Provide antiscald mixing valve, check valve, hose
end valve, and service valve by HAMMOND VALVE. Provide hydronic piping by KITEC
or WIRSBO. Provide wall mounted (HYDRO-AIR) or undercounter mounted
(TOESTER) hydronic fan coil units and manifold by TURBONICS INC. (800)598.1019,
www.turbonics.com and BIO-RADIANT ENERGY, INC. (425)487.6272, www.bioradiant.com. Verify with manufacturer that locations and sizes shown are adequate.
Notify [Architect] in case of any discrepancies and provide proper submittals for
approval.
Installation: Install per manufacturers instructions in locations indicated on Sheet [XXX].
Provide sleeves where piping penetrates walls. General Contractor to take care to avoid
damage to hydronic tubing during construction operations occurring after the installation
of tubing. Tubing should not be exposed to direct sunlight for more than 30 days.
Pressure test system for leaks prior to closing in.
Below is a sample specification for a WARMBOARD structural/radiant panel floor
sheathing/heating system.
Notes: WARMBOARD will provide panel layout and tubing circuits. Mechanical
contractor specifies the rest of the hydronic components for a complete system. Specify
high efficiency or tankless on-demand water heaters. Specify R-10 to R-19 insulation
under the panels, either rigid, batts or blown-in. The insulation should be ten times the
R value of the floor covering For example: 3/4 T & G hardwood or bamboo has an Rvalue of 1 per inch. R-.75 x 10 = R 7.5. Carpet has an R value of 3. R-3 x 10 = R-30. R-19
is sufficient as a maximum.
Heating System: Radiant panel floor sheathing/heating system by WARMBOARD
(877) 338.5493/(503) 353.1608 www.warmboard.com. Manifold(s) to be located in
[water heater closet], [laundry room], [mechanical room]. [per plans]. Note: Consider
specifying a lockable cabinet for the manifold in multifamily projects.
Bidder Designed: Provide all labor, material, equipment, and services to install a
hydronic radiant heat system. Provide a structural/radiant panel floor sheathing/heating
system.
Materials: Provide 4 x 8 Comply 1 3/32 tongue-and groove plywood-like panels with
aluminum sheeting and integral 1/2 PEX tubing ASTM F-876, as manufactured by
WARMBOARD. Provide other system components, including circulation pump, timers,
mixing valves, check valves, hose end valves, etc. for a complete hydronic system.
Provide digital programmable thermostats. Coordinate with manufacturer and local code
for selection of thermostats (see plans for locations). Notify Architect in case of any
discrepancies and provide proper submittals for approval.
Installation: Install per manufacturers instructions and shop drawings of panel layout
and tubing circuits (provided by manufacturer).
Panel Installation: The installation process is the same as that for plywood subfloors.
Install with long dimensions across supports, continuous over two or more spans and as
otherwise indicated on the panel layout plan. The tubing channels shall be aligned using
the 5/8 alignment pins supplied by WARMBOARD to ensure ease of tubing
75

installation. See manufacturers instructions and structural drawings and specifications
for more information.
Tubing Installation: Channels shall be clean and free of standing water prior to tubing
installation. A 3/16 bead of suitable elastomer per the manufacturers recommendation
shall be applied to the channel. PEX tubing shall be pressed into the channels
immediately after applying elastomer. Tubing to be installed flush with the top surface of
the panels. General Contractor to take care to avoid damage to hydronic tubing during
construction operations occurring after the installation of tubing. Tubing should not be
exposed to direct sunlight for more than 30 days. Pressure test system for leaks prior to
closing in.
76
REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Anink, David, Chiel Boonstra, John Mak, Handbook of Sustainable Build

ing, An Environmental Preference Method for Selection of Materials for
Use in Construction and Refurbishment, English Translation, James &
James, London, 1996.
Berge, Bjrn, The Ecology of Building Materials, English Translation,
Architectural Press, Oxford, 2000.
Bower, John, The Healthy House, Carol Publishing Group, New York,
1993.
Building Green Inc., GreenSpec and Guideline Specifications, originally
published as the Environmental Building News Product Catalogue in
1998, Building Green Inc., Brattleboro VT, 1998.
Center For Resourceful Building Technology, Guide To Resource Efficient
Building Elements, Center For Resourceful Building Technology, Missoula
MT, 1997.
Chappell, Steve, Editor, The Alternative Building Sourcebook for Tradi
tional, Natural and Sustainable Building Products and Services, Fox Maple
Press, Inc., Brownfield, Maine, 1998.
Hermannsson, John, Green Building Resource Guide, The Taunton Press,
Newtown, CT 1997.
Marinelli, Janet and Bierman-Lytle, Paul, Your Natural Home, The Com
plete Sourcebook and Design manual for Creating a Healthy, Beautiful,
and Environmentally Sensitive House, Little, Brown and Company, New
York, 1995.
Metro, Metro Construction Industry Recycling Toolkit, Recycling and
Salvage Planning Guide, Metro, 2002.
Natural Resources Defense Council, Efficient Wood Use in Residential
Construction, A Practical Guide to Saving Wood, Money, and Forests,
Natural Resources Defense Council, New York, 1998.
Pearson, David, The Natural House Catalogue, Everything You Need to
Create an Environmentally Friendly Home, Gaia Books Limited, London,
1996.
ReDirect Guide, 2003 Edition
Rousseau, David and Wasley, James, Healthy By Design, Building and
Remodeling Solutions for Creating Healthy Homes, Hartley & Marks
Publishers Inc., WA., 1997.
Strain, Larry, AIA, reSourceful Specifications, Guideline Specifications for
Environmentally Considered Building Materials and Construction Meth
ods, Siegal & Strain Architects, Emeryville, CA 1998. This document is
now available from BuildingGreen, Inc. with the GreenSpec Directory.
Spiegel, Ross, Dru Meadows, Green Building Materials, A Guide To Prod
uct Selection and Specification, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, 1999.
77
16.
17.
Thorton, Joe, Environmental Impacts of Polyvinyl Chloride Building

Materials, A Healthy Building Network Report, Healthy Building Net
work, Washington, DC, 2002.
Triangle J Council of Governments, WasteSpec, Model Specifications for
Construction Waste Reduction, Reuse, and Recycling, Triangle J Council
of Governments, Research Triangle Park, NC, 1995.
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11450 Residential Equipment

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