: Objectives .

1
For any country to be developed and has a competitive economy there is a major reliance on the industry, so, we
.decided to make a graduating project in this field

We will develop one of the most important machines which set the manufacturing industry in an entirely new direction,
which it is the Computer numerically control (CNC) milling
.machine
Designing a CNC milling machine with an objective for manufacturing it in Jordan, with a low cost and high efficiency,
where the error in the precision doesn't exceed (0.001%)
Obtaining products with low manufacturing cost and .reduce the manufacturing times
Adding the latest innovative ideas to boost our machine in .a way to be more futuristic as possible as we can

Plan .2
Understanding the mechanism of the CNC milling .machine
.Inclosing all the parts required to build the machine Making a modern design for the machine, and that :includes
Determining the nature of the movement of three axises .1
.of the machine, and the outer shape
Determining the dimensions (size) of the table and for .2
.the three axises (x,y and z)

.Calculating the feed rate and the spindle speed .3

.Calculating the cutting force acting on the workpiece .4
Determining the type of the power screw and the proper .5
.diameter required to carry the load
Calculating the power of the motors required to make .6
the movement for the table on (x,y) axis, and the tool on z
.axis
Make an approximate drawing and a simulation for the .7
.machine using SoildWorks program
Programming the machine (GM code) using MasterCAM .8
.program
.Controlling the machine using PLCs and Ardoino .9

:Achievements .3
After going back to the references, studying thestandards for the parts of the machine and according to the
available parts in the Jordanian market, we obtained the
: following results
Dimensions of the table (150*150)mm Length of X-axis is 500mmLength of Y-axis is 500mmLength of Z-axis is 400mmThe Cutting force acting on the work piece and the : power of the motor were calculated as the follow (2)
N = V/*D = 300/*20*10-3
N = 4774.6 rpm
v= f*n*N = 0.27*4*4774.6
v= 5156.568 mm/min

MRR = v*w*d = 5156.568*9*2

MRR = 92818.224 mm3/min
P = us*MRR = 0.4*92818.224
P = 37127.28 W.S/min
P = 0.8295 hp
T = P/ = 37127.28 / 2**4774.6
T = 1.238 N.m
Fcutting = T/r = 1.238 / 10*10-3
Fcutting = 123.8 N

:The power screw(1) .Single-threaded Acme (29 ) power screwp= 4 mm = 0.15625 in. = lead
n= 1/p = 1/0.15625 = 6.4 thread per inch. Eq. (16.1)
Dc= 7/8 = 0.875 in.
.. Table (16.2)
Dp= Dc 0.5p 0.01 = 0.8 in. Eq. (16.4)
= tan-1 (l/Dp) = tan-1 (0.15625/0.8) ........ Eq. (16.5)
= 3.62 , = 29
: Single-row, deep-groove ball bearings(1) -

Pr = (Py

: For bearing A
+ Pz ) = (0.0048152+0.00462)
2

Pr = 0.00666 N
Pa = 61.8 N
o = XoPr + YoPa = 0.6*0.00666 + 0.5*61.5 Eq. (13.62)
o = 30.904 N
Co = ns * o = 4 * 30.904
. Eq. (13.61)
Co = 123.62 N
: From table (13.9)(1)
Pa/ Co = 61.8/123.62 = 0.5
e= 0.44 , Pa/ Pr = 9279.3 > e
C = X Pr + Y Pa = 0.56*0.00666 + 1*61.8 Eq.
(13.86)
: C = 61.804 N , from table (13.6)(1)

The designation for bearing A is 16002

Pr = (Py

: For bearing B
+ Pz ) = (0.00701242 + 0.00742)
Pr = 0.0102 N
Pa = 61.9 N
2

o = XoPr + YoPa = 0.6*0.0102 + 0.5*61.9

o = 30.96 N
Co = ns * o = 4 * 30.96
Co = 123.8245 N
: From table (13.9)(1)
Pa/ Co = 61.9 / 123.8245 = 0.5
e= 0.44 , Pa/ Pr = 61.9 / 0.0102 = 6068.63 > e
C = 0.56*0.0102 + 1*61.9
: C = 61.906 N , from table (13.6) (1)

The designation for bearing B is 16002

SYMBOLS
V

DESCRIPTION
Cutting speed, m/min

D
Cutter diameter, mm
v Linear speed of the work
piece or feed rate,
mm/min
n
Number of threads per
inch, in-1
N
Rotational speed of the
cutter, rpm
f
Feed per tooth,
mm/tooth
W
Width of cut, mm
d
Depth, mm
MRR
The material-removal
rate, mm3/min
P
Power of the motor, hp
p
Pitch, mm
us
Specific energy for
shearing, W.S/mm3
T
Torque, N.m

Angular speed, rad/min

Lead angle, deg

Thread angle, deg

Pr
Radial component of
load,N
Pa Axial component of load,
N
Xo
Radial factor for static
loading
Yo
Thrust factor for static
loading
ns
Safety factor
X
Radial factor
Y
Thrust factor
C
Dynamic load rating, N
Co
Static load rating, N
Dc
Crest diameter, mm
Dp
Pitch diameter, mm
w
Width of cut, mm

: ReferencesFundamentals of Machine Elements, Bernard J. .1

,Hamrock
.2nd edition
Manufacturing process, Serope Kalpakjian and Steven .2
.R. Schmid, 6th edition