1

1
1.

The process of DNA synthesis follows this order:

A.
B.
C.
D.

winding, pairing, joining

pairing, joining, pairing
unwinding, pairing and joining
joining, pairing, unwinding

2
2.

Which is NOT a requirement for DNA replication?

A.
B.
C.
D.

Deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs)

ATP
Primer
None of the above

3.

All of the following DNA Replication enzymes can also

be utilized in DNA excision repair, EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.

Endonuclease
DNA ligase
DNA polymerase
All can be used

Stage

Component

Initiation

Promoter
-TATA box*

Transcription Factors
-Sigma Factor*

RNA Polymerase
Ribonucleotides
Elongation

RNA Polymerase
Helicase*
More Ribonucleotides

Termination

Termination Sequence
-Hairpin, Rho factor*

4
4.

Eukaryotic mRNA production occurs in the following

sequence:
A.
B.
C.
D.

Transcription from DNA in the cytoplasm followed

by post-transcriptional processing on the ribosome
Transcription from DNA in the nucleus followed by
post-transcriptional processing in the nucleus
Transcription from DNA in the ribosome followed
by post-transcriptional processing in the cytoplasm
Transcription from DNA in the cytoplasm followed
by post-transcriptional processing in the nucleus

5
5.

If the base sequence of a strand of DNA is 5'-GATTCAAGTAGTC-3,

what would be the corresponding base sequence on the newly
transcribed RNA strand?
A.
B.
C.
D.

5'-GAUUCAAGUAGUC-3'
5'-GACUACUUGAAUC-3
5'-CUAAGUUCAUCAG-3
5'-CTAAGTTCATCAG-3

10

11

6
6.

Which of the following is true concerning the genetic

code?
A.
B.
C.
D.

There are more amino acids than codons.

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of a codon
must result in a new amino acid.
The genetic code varies from species to species.
There is no codon that can code for more than one
amino acid.

12

7
7.

Codons that specify the same amino acid can differ only in the
A.
B.
C.
D.

First base
Second base
Third base
All of the above

13

14

8
8.

Which of the following occurs when the eukaryotic

translational machinery encounters the UAG codon?
A.
B.
C.
D.

The bound preinitiation complex stops scanning and positions the Met-tRNA at this site.
The termination factors recognize this codon and translation ends.
This codon is recognized by the corresponding anticodon of a tRNA molecule that is linked to glycine.
This codon is not recognized by any factors.

15

9
9.

A certain cell is exposed to a chemical that inhibits

ribosome movement. This will:
A.
B.
C.
D.

instantly stop all DNA transcription.

immediately halt DNA replication.
prevent effective protein synthesis.
decrease the speed of protein synthesis.

16

17

10
10.

Several types of noncovalent bonds are involved

in protein-protein interactions and by extension in
interactions between portions of a single protein. Which
of the following bonds are apt to be more common in the
nonaqueous, interior environment of a protein than in the
aqueous, surface environment of a protein?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Ionic bonds.
Hydrophobic bonds.
Hydrogen bonds.
Covalent bonds.

11
11.

Which of the following statements about protein

denaturation is correct?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Denaturation can be irreversible

Proteins are pH and temperature resistant
Denaturation only occurs through enzymatic
modification of proteins
Denaturation does not change the tertiary structure

18

In an attempt to develop a vaccine for pneumonia, Fred Griffith performed a series of experiments in 1928 using
mice and two strains of the pneumococcus bacteria: a virulent encapsulated strain and a nonvirulent unencapsulated
strain. The encapsulated strain was called the "smooth strain" because the colonies looked smooth on a culture plate
due to their polysaccharide capsules, whereas the unencapsulated strain was denoted as the "rough strain" due to the
irregularity of its surface.
Four different groups of mice were injected with different combinations of the bacterial strains. The experimental
results are shown in Table 1.
Mice Injected

Bacteria

Result

Live Smooth

Died

Live Rough

Survived

Heat-Killed Smooth

Survived

Heat-Killed Smooth +
Live Rough

Died

Table 1. Results of Griffith's experiment

19

Autopsies performed on Group 4 mice revealed blood samples filled with live smooth-strain bacteria. Some
component had been transferred from the heat-killed smooth-strain bacteria to the live rough-strain bacteria,
transforming them into the virulent smooth-strain bacteria. This process later became known as transformation.
Griffith believed the protein from the dead smooth-strain bacteria was the active transforming agent.

12
12.

A colony of smooth strain bacteria is grown on a culture

containing an experimental drug that cleaves nucleic
acid base sequences wherever adenine is paired with
uracil. Which of the following processes will be directly
affected?
I. Transcription
II. Translation
III. Transformation
A.
B.
C.
D.

I only
I and II only
I and III only
I, II and III

20

13
13.

If Griffith had injected a fifth group of mice with a

combination of heat-killed rough strain and heat-killed
smooth strain, would the mice have died?
A.
B.
C.
D.

No, because live bacteria must be present to produce the lethal effect.
No, because the heat-killed smooth strain cannot transform mice cells.
Yes, because the heat-killed rough strain is transformed into the smooth strain.
Yes, because the mice do not have acquired immunity to pneumococcus bacteria.

21