The University of the West Indies

Department of Physics

Examination December 2005

(Full Time Students Only)

Course Code and Name:

P 24H

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Date and Time:

WEDNESDAY DECEMBER 15, 2005:

Duration:

2 HOURS

9:00 A.M 11:00 A.M

INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES
This paper consists of 5 pages and 4 questions. Students must answer THREE (3)
questions.
The use of non-programmable calculators is permitted.

Assume where necessary:

Boltzmanns Constant k = 1.38 x 10-23 J/K

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P 24H-Finals

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1. Consider the circuit diagram in figure 1. The signal from figure 2 is applied to its
input and an oscilloscope was used to observe the waveform at different point in
the circuit.

a. What would be the waveform observed at point A

b. What would be the waveform observed at the output.

[4]
[4]

Figure2
Figure 1

The output of this circuit is then passed through another circuit which contains a 1
M resistor and operating at 17C over a 1 MHz bandwidth.

c. Calculate the noise voltage produced by this resistor.

[2]

Finally the signal is passed through a three stage amplifier. The first stage has a
power gain of 30 dB and a noise figure of 3 dB. The second and third stages are
identical, with power gains of 20 dB and noise figure of 6 dB.

d. Calculate the noise voltage at the output of the amplifiers assuming that
the amplifiers are ideal.
[2]
e. Calculate the overall noise figure and factor.
[6]
f. What are the two basic types of noise generated by electronics circuits? [2]

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P 24H-Finals

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2. A PCM/TDMA digital system is implemented with 24 voice band channels. Each

analog sample is encoded into 8-bits using an A/D converter and a framing bit is
added to each frame.
a. Determine the minimum sampling rate if the analog signal frequency
range is 20 Hz to 4 KHz.
[2]
b. Describe what are frames and time slots using illustrations, for this
system.
[4]
c. Calculate the number of bits in a frame for this system.
[6]
d. Calculate the line speed in bits per second.
[6]
e. Given that the full scale measurement range of the A/D converter was -5
to 5 volts, calculate its resolution?
[2]

3. What are the digital equivalent of the following analog modulation schemes:
a. Amplitude Modulation.
b. Frequency Modulation.
c. Phase Modulation.

[1]
[1]
[1]

There are two basic sampling techniques use to perform sampling function in
digital systems:
d. Give the name and a brief description of the two techniques.
e. What does the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem state?

[6]
[2]

An input signal v (t) was sampled at 0.5 seconds intervals and the data in the table
was recorded.
t[s]
V[V]

0
0

0.5
1.2

1.0
4.4

1.5
5.1

2.0
6.2

2.5
5.0

3.0
5.5

3.5
5.9

4.0
5.2

4.5
4.3

f. Draw an input signal and sampling pulse signal in the domain.

[4]
g. Sketch an output signal in the time domain if a delta modulator was used
to convert this analog input to a digital output.
[5]

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5.0
4.1

4. A FM signal Vfm = 4000sin[4 x 1010t + 2sin(3 x 105t)], is applied to a 1 K

antenna.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.

Define Frequency Modulation.

Determine the carrier frequency fc and the intelligent frequency fi.
Determine the modulation index m.
Determine the band width using the TWO methods.
Calculate the total power of the FM signal.
Calculate the power of the carrier and each of the side band.
Draw the power spectrum of the FM signal.

[2]
[2]
[1]
[4]
[2]
[6]
[3]

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P 24H-Finals

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5
The University of the West Indies

P 24H-Finals

December 2005