Environment

Water
Table 1: Water resources - long-term annual average () (1 000 million m)

Precipitation
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Spain
France
Croatia
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands
Austria
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
FYR of Macedonia
Serbia
Turkey

28.9
69.8
54.7
38.5
307.0
29.0
80.0
115.0
346.5
500.8
65.7
241.1
3.0
42.7
44.0
2.0
55.7
150.4
31.6
98.0
193.1
82.2
154.0
31.7
37.4
222.0
342.2
275.0
200.0
470.7
61.6
19.5
56.1
503.1

Evapotranspiration
16.6
52.3
39.4
22.1
190.0
:
32.5
55.0
235.4
320.8
40.1
155.8
2.7
25.8
28.5
1.1
48.2
72.5
21.3
43.0
138.3
43.6
114.6
13.2
24.3
115.0
169.4
117.2
30.0
112.0
21.6
:
43.3
275.7

Internal
flow
12.3
18.1
15.2
16.3
117.0
:
47.5
60.0
111.1
175.3
23.0
167.0
0.3
16.9
15.5
0.9
7.5
0.1
8.5
55.0
54.8
38.6
39.4
18.6
13.1
107.0
172.5
157.9
170.0
371.8
40.7
:
12.8
227.4

External
inflow
7.6
89.1
0.7
0.0
75.0
:
3.5
12.0
0.0
11.0
:
8.0
16.8
9.0
0.7
108.9
81.2
29.0
8.3
35.0
2.9
13.5
67.3
3.2
13.7
6.4
12.2
12.8
1.0
162.6
6.9

Outflow
15.6
108.5
16.0
1.9
182.0
:
:
:
111.1
168.0
:
155.0
0.1
32.9
25.9
1.6
115.7
:
86.3
84.0
63.1
34.0
17.9
32.3
81.7
110.0
186.2
164.3
170.0
384.0
53.5
6.3
175.4
178.0

() The minimum period taken into account for the calculation of long term annual averages is 20 years.
Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_res)

Freshwater
resources
19.9
107.2
16.0
16.3
188.0
:
51.0
72.0
111.1
186.3
:
175.0
0.3
33.7
24.5
1.6
116.4
0.1
89.7
84.0
63.1
73.6
42.3
32.1
80.3
110.0
186.2
164.3
170.0
384.0
53.5
:
175.4
234.3

ages is 20 years.
STOP

Environment
Water

Figure 1: Proportion of external inflow from neighbo

100.0%

Hungary
Serbia
Netherlands
Slovakia
Bulgaria
Croatia
Latvia
Portugal
Luxembourg
Slovenia
Germany
Belgium
Lithuania
Austria
Italy
Switzerland
Greece
Poland
Sweden
Ireland
Romania
France
Czech Republic
United Kingdom
Norway
Turkey
Finland

External inflow to
renewable fresh
water resources
93.5%
92.7%
88.8%
83.7%
83.5%
76.6%
49.9%
47.6%
44.9%
42.1%
39.9%
38.2%
36.7%
34.5%
26.3%
24.0%
16.7%
13.2%
7.3%
6.8%
6.8%
5.9%
4.6%
3.9%
3.1%
2.9%
2.9%

90.0%
Freshwater
resources per
capita ()
80.0%
20.7
20.1
70.0%
15.8
14.9
60.0%
14.8
14.1
50.0%
11.6
11.5
40.0%
10.1
7.3
6.9
30.0%
6.4
5.4
20.0%
3.3
3.0
10.0%
2.9
2.9
0.0%
2.7
2.4 Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_res)
2.3
2.0
1.9
1.7
1.5 Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_res)
0.4
0.2
47.3
35.0
23.9
6.9
3.276

START
STOP

external inflow from neighbouring territories to renewable fresh water resources (long-term average) (%)

data code: env_wat_res)

data code: env_wat_res)

Environment
Water

Figure 2: Freshwater resour

Croatia
Finland
Sweden
Latvia
Slovenia
Slovakia
Bulgaria
Hungary
Ireland
Austria
Lithuania
Portugal
Greece
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Denmark
France
United Kingdom
Spain
Germany
Romania
Italy
Belgium
Poland
Czech Republic
Cyprus
Malta
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
Serbia
Turkey

Freshwater
resources per
inhabitant ()
25.3
20.5
19.8
16.3
15.7
14.9
14.5
11.7
11.2
10.0
8.0
7.0
6.5
5.5
3.2
2.9
2.9
2.6
2.4
2.3
2.1
1.9
1.8
1.6
1.5
0.4
0.2
533.8
79.9
6.7
24.1
3.2

Freshwater
resources per
capita ()
25.3
20.5
19.8
16.3
15.7
14.9
14.5
11.7
11.2
10.0
8.0
7.0
6.5
5.5
3.2
2.9
2.9
2.6
2.4
2.3
2.1
1.9
1.8
1.6
1.5
0.4
0.2
48.5
34.5
6.7
24.1
3.2

53
53
5
08
58
7
0
5

50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

Croatia
Finland
Sweden
Latvia
Slovenia
Slo

() The minimum period taken

Population data are as of 1 Ja
Source: Eurostat (online data

START

STOP

3
3
8
58
7
0
5

Environment

Figure 2: Freshwater resources per inhabitant - long-term average () (1 000 m per inhabitant)

50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

Croatia
Finland
Sweden
Latvia
Slovenia
Slovakia
Bulgaria
Hungary
Ireland
Austria
Lithuania
Portugal
Greece
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Denmark
United
FranceKingdom
Spain
Germany
Romania
Italy
Belgium
Czech
PolandRepublic
Cyprus
Malta
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
Serbia
Turke

() The minimum period taken into account for the calculation of long term annual averages is 20 years.
Population data are as of 1 January 2011; Estonia, not available; Ireland and Turkey, estimates.
Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_res)

ech
andRepublic
Cyprus
Malta
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
Serbia
Turkey

Environment
Water
Table 2: Groundwater and surface water abstraction, 2001-2011 (million m)

Belgium ()
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark ()
Germany ()
Estonia
Ireland ()
Greece ()
Spain ()
France ()
Croatia
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia ()
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary ()
Malta ()
Netherlands ()
Austria
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden ()
United Kingdom ()
Iceland
Switzerland
FYR of Macedonia ()
Serbia
Turkey
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Groundwater abstraction
2001
2006
2011
679
645
618
719
647
545
529
379
378
693
671
649
6,204
6,033
:
272
237
299
:
:
213
3,390
3,679
3,651
5,759
6,398
6,595
6,284
6,184
6,143
:
464
521
:
:
:
141
140
155
116
102
270
157
180
175
:
:
22
726
541
506
36
33
38
977
1,045
1,008
:
:
:
2,700
2,831
2,733
:
366
:
990
650
600
:
190
185
423
368
334
285
264
:
628
346
348
2,366
2,266
2,159
159
:
:
:
1,255
:
62
134
162
72
545
499
10,670
11,882
13,560
:
150
148

() Data for 2009 instead of 2011.

() Data for 2010 instead of 2011.
() Data for 2004 instead of 2006.
() Data for 2007 instead of 2011.
() Data for 2008 instead of 2011.

Surface water abstraction

2001
2006
6,316
5,800
5,114
5,930
1,310
1,557
15
5
31,802
29,524
1,199
1,324
:
:
6,384
5,768
30,349
27,701
27,261
26,368
:
:
:
:
61
93
141
107
2,611
1,901
:
:
:
:
0
0
7,938
9,934
:
:
8,899
9,576
:
550
6,353
4,680
:
718
716
395
:
6,298
2,048
2,285
7,872
7,005
5
:
:
961
606
766
2,510
3,248
33,780
31,836
:
178

() England and Wales only.

Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_abs)

e water abstraction
2011
5,558
5,840
1,508
5
:
1,575
517
5,820
26,949
26,968
637
:
66
105
457
24
4,926
0
9,659
:
9,178
:
5,992
666
259
:
2,342
5,523
:
:
885
3,683
:
182

STOP

Environment
Water
Table 3: Total gross abstraction of non-fresh water sources, 2001-2011 (million m)

Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Estonia
Greece
Spain
France
Croatia
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Finland
Sweden

2001
0.0
418.5
0.0
:
:
25.4
:
123.0
:
508.4
:
0.0
:
0.0
:
497.0
###
:
:
:
###

2002
0.0
349.5
0.0
###
:
22.8
:
140.4
:
647.7
:
0.0
5.4
0.0
:
497.0
:
:
:
:
###

Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_use)

2003
0.0
370.9
0.0
4,623.0
:
21.8
:
144.5
:
662.8
:
0.0
2.6
0.0
:
497.0
4,540.0
265.4
:
:
9,204.0

2004

2005

0.0
361.6
0.0
4,092.1
:
22.8
:
162.4
:
536.7
:
0.0
2.8
0.0
:
497.0
4,321.3
279.3
:
:
9,204.0

0.0
389.7
0.0
:
:
6.3
:
169.2
:
417.4
:
0.0
2.7
0.0
0.0
497.0
3,469.6
316.3
:
:
11,832.0
STOP

2006
0.0

1.7
0.0
:
:
4.5
:
181.3
:
379.6
:
0.0
3.5
0.0
0.0
497.0
3,590.0
312.4
:
:
11,832.0

2007
0.0

2.4
0.0
:
:
4.4
:
259.4
:
662.3
:
0.0
3.9
0.0
0.0
497.0
3,669.3
309.2
:
:
11,832.0

2008
0.0

0.6
0.0
:
:
4.5
:
244.2
47.9
644.9
:
0.0
2.3
0.0
0.0
497.0
3,657.4
296.1
:
:
:

2009
0.0

0.4
0.0
:
:
3.8
:
231.1
71.5
527.8
:
0.0
2.1
0.0
0.0
497.0
3,880.5
208.6
:
:
:

2010
0.0

0.3
0.0
:
:
:
:
241.8
41.0
456.0
:
0.0
2.6
0.0
0.0
497.0
4,263.1
249.5
:
:
11,800.0

2011
0.0
0.3
0.0
:
:
4.3
:
:
:
489.1
:
:
2.9
0.0
0.0
497.0
:
283.4
:
:
:

Italy
Ireland
Bulgaria
Croatia
Spain
Greece
United Kingdom
Latvia
Sweden
France
Portugal
Luxembourg
Slovenia
Estonia
Finland
Austria
Netherlands
Denmark
Belgium
Cyprus
Germany
Czech Republic
Hungary
Slovakia
Poland
Romania
Lithuania
Malta
Norway
FYR of Macedonia
Serbia
Turkey

START

2011
153
141
124
118
116
114
113
98
97
90
88
87
82
77
74
73
73
70
66
63
62
61
60
59
53
47
41
31
166
134
92
80

Environment
Water
Figure 3: Total freshwater abstraction by public water supply, 2011 () (m per inhabitant)

175
150
125
100
75
50
25
0

() Ireland, 2007; Italy, Austria and the United Kingdom, 2008; Portugal, Belgium and FYR of Macedonia, 2009;
Spain, Sweden, France, Netherlands, Denmark, Germany, Turkey and Latvia, 2010.
Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_abs)

STOP

R of Macedonia, 2009;

Environment
Water

Spain
Poland
Netherlands
Bulgaria
Belgium

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

3,005
1,277
1,662

2,870
1,277
1,490

2,838
1,288
1,507

2,745
1,255
1,379
723

2,603
1,280
1,310
718

2,457
1,229
1,201
727

2,378
1,267
1,243
719

1997 1998 1999

4393 4671 5003
2,292 2,189 2,393
1,257 1,242 1,263
1,165 1,186 1,204
759
743
745

START

Figure 4: Total freshwater abstraction for public water supply, selected countries, 1990-2011 (million m)

6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Spain

Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_abs)

Poland

Netherlands

Bulgaria

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
5476 5383 5299 5720 5824 5890 5701 5790 5765
2,350 2,218 2,171 2,179 2,102 2,105 2,129 2,086 2,104 2,067
1,313 1,303 1,256 1,318 1,280 1,255 1,279 1,249 1,252
1,178 1,075 1,057 1,048
997
981 1,026 1,026 1,016
978
745
748
733
755
741
737
741
728
716
731

tries, 1990-2011 (million m)

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

herlands

Bulgaria

Belgium

2010 2011
5,350
2,062 2,033
1,217
929
917

Environment
Water

Figure 5: Per capita water use fro

Iceland (2005)
Latvia (2007)
Cyprus (2010)
Switzerland (2011
Malta (2011)
FYR of Macedonia
Slovakia (2011)
Belgium (2009)
Finland (2011)
Croatia (2011)
Denmark (2004)
Sweden (2010)
Greece (2007)
Spain (2010)
Serbia (2011)
Netherlands (2010
Slovenia (2011)
Czech Republic (
Romania (2011)
Bulgaria (2011)
Lithuania (2011)
Hungary (2011)
Portugal (2009)
Bosnia and Herze
Poland(2011)
Turkey (2010)
Germany (2010)

All NACE
activities
126.0
112.5
62.5
51.0
45.6
34.1
30.8
28.3
26.0
25.1
23.9
21.5
20.7
19.8
18.9
18.3
16.0
15.9
14.5
14.1
13.8
12.1
9.4
9.3
8.9
8.8
6.5

Germany (2
Turkey (2
Poland(2
Bosnia and Herzegovina (2
Portugal (2
Hungary (2
Lithuania (2
Bulgaria (2
Romania (2
Czech Republic (2
Slovenia (2
Netherlands (2
Serbia (2
Spain (2
Greece (2
Sweden (2
Denmark (2
Croatia (2
Finland (2
Belgium (2
Slovakia (2
FYR of Macedonia (2
Malta (2
Switzerland (2
Cyprus (2
Latvia (2
Iceland (2

Households
102.2
0.0
100.2
70.3
26.0
45.9
25.5
36.8
37.2
42.6
44.9
52.5
35.4
58.1
44.1
47.4
40.7
31.0
26.6
36.1
19.0
34.1
58.6
29.9
31.2
32.8
43.7

START
STOP

Environment

Figure 5: Per capita water use from public water systems - latest year available (m per inhabitant)

Germany (2010)
Turkey (2010)
Poland(2011)
Bosnia and Herzegovina (2011)
Portugal (2009)
Hungary (2011)
Lithuania (2011)
Bulgaria (2011)
Romania (2011)
Czech Republic (2011)
Slovenia (2011)
Netherlands (2010)
Serbia (2011)
Spain (2010)
Greece (2007)
Sweden (2010)
Denmark (2004)
Croatia (2011)
Finland (2011)
Belgium (2009)
Slovakia (2011)
FYR of Macedonia (2009)
Malta (2011)
Switzerland (2011)
Cyprus (2010)
Latvia (2007)
Iceland (2005)
0

50
All NACE activities

Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_cat)

100
Households

150

200

250

200

250

Environment
Water
Table 4: Water use by economic sector and public water supply (million m)

All NACE
activities
Belgium ()
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark ()
Germany ()
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Spain ()
France
Croatia
Italy
Cyprus ()
Latvia ()
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands ()
Austria
Poland
Portugal ()
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden ()
United Kingdom
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
FYR of Macedonia ()
Serbia
Turkey ()
Bosnia and Herzegovina

304
104
167
:
536
:
:
:
920
:
108
:
53
249
42
:
121
19
303
:
343
99
292
33
166
140
201
:
:
:
401
70
137
636
36

Agriculture,
Industry and
forestry and
Manufacturing
construction
fishing
10
3
8
:
1
0
:
66
54
:
:
:
48
25
0
:
36
0
44
:
:
1
3
2
1
0
0
:
:
:
:
0
6
6
2

103
54
44
:
516
7
:
72
370
:
108
:
3
138
13
:
28
1
191
:
28
:
201
20
10
:
138
:
:
:
198
54
64
115
15

95
35
:
:
318
7
:
:
334
:
:
:
3
59
8
:
7
:
166
:
13
17
:
9
:
:
107
:
:
:
:
53
:
75
:

() Data for 2010 instead of 2011.

() Data for 2009 instead of 2011.
() Data for 2007 instead of 2011.
Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_cat)

STOP

Production
and
distribution
of electricity
1

Services
191

2
:
:
35
0
:
:
0
:
:
:
0
66
0
:
0
:
14
:
9
:
14
0
:
0
7
:
:
:
:
1
:
3
:

47
119
:
18
:
:
32
496
:
:
:
:
85
29
:
49
4
:
:
168
11
88
11
57
:
63
:
:
:
74
4
67
515
19

Households
396
266
325
:
3,577
:
:
841
2,701
:
183
:
82
0
58
:
340
11
786
:
1,202
619
538
83
138
200
490
:
:
:
553
94
320
2,377
115

Environment
Water

Table 5: Use of water from all supply by the domestic sector (households and services) pe
(m3 per capita)
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Spain
France
Croatia
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands
Austria
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
FYR of Macedonia
Serbia
Turkey
Bosnia and Herzegovina

2001
85
47
48
47
46
:
:
49
84
:
49
:
83
33
:
:
37
37
:
44
37
:
44
44
:
:
69
:
106
66
102
38
:
:
:

2003
87
44
46
53
:
:
:
56
82
:
53
:
92
30
1
:
39
33
50
44
38
:
33
49
:
:
69
:
104
66
109
43
48
:
:

2005
65
43
45
54
45
:
:
58
80
:
50
:
100
35
1
:
47
27
48
:
36
48
26
46
:
:
65
:
102
101
100
41
57
:
35

Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_cat)

2007
61
47
47
:
45
:
:
56
82
:
57
:
98
39
26
:
43
35
48
:
35
53
38
49
:
:
64
:
:
103
93
42
56
31
34

2009
59
45
47
:
:
:
:
:
76
:
43
:
88
:
27
51
41
31
48
:
36
60
32
47
37
:
:
:
:
105
84
48
52
38
34

2011
:
39
44
:
45
:
:
83
71
:
43
:
96
:
35
:
39
35
:
:
35
:
31
46
37
37
:
61
:
:
79
:
53
41
35

(households and services) per capita, 200111

Environment
Water

Figure 6: Use of water from all supply by the domestic sector (households and services) pe
(m3)

20

40

60

Belgium ()
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark ()
Germany ()
Estonia ( )
Ireland ( )
Greece
Spain
France ( )
Croatia
Italy ( )
Cyprus
Latvia ( )
Lithuania ( )
Luxembourg ( )
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands ( )
Austria ( )
Poland
Portugal ( )
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia ( )
Finland ( )
Sw eden ( )
United Kingdom

2000
START
() No data for 2011; 2009 data instead.
() No data for 2000; 2001 data instead. No data for 2011.
() No data for 2000; 2001 data instead.
() No data for 2011; 2007 data instead.
() No data for 2000 and/or 2011
() No data for 2011; 2009 data instead. No data for 2000.
() No data for 2000 and 2011; 2003 and 2010 data instead.
() No data for 2000 and 2011; 2005 and 2009 data instead.
() No data for 2011; 2010 data instead.
Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_cat)

2011

Belgium ()
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark ()
Germany ()
Estonia ()
Ireland ()
Greece
Spain
France ()
Croatia
Italy ()
Cyprus
Latvia ()
Lithuania ()
Luxembourg ()
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands ()
Austria ()
Poland
Portugal ()
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia ()
Finland ()
Sweden ()
United Kingdom

2000
80.0
50.0
49.0
47.0
46.0
:
:
51.0
82.0
:
44.0
:
:
35.0
:
:
38.0
41.0
47.0
44.0
39.0
48.0
49.0
44.0
:
:
69.0
:

2011
59.0
39.0
44.0
:
45.0
:
:
83.0
71.0
:
43.0
:
96.0
39.0
35.0
51.0
39.0
35.0
47.0
:
35.0
60.0
31.0
46.0
37.0
37.0
71.0
61.0

eholds and services) per capita, 2000 and 2011

60

80

100

Environment
Water

Table 6: Water use in the manufacturing industry by supply category, 200210

(million m)

Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Germany
Spain
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Slovenia
Finland
Sweden
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
FYR of Macedonia
Serbia

2002
95
55
:
:
389
2
77
:
:
1
:
20
:
17
:
90
5
:
:
49
:

Public water supply

2006
2010
105
:
55
34
:
:
:
318
432
334
2
3
60
:
9
8
11
7
1
:
189
166
19
13
8
:
13
9
:
:
102
107
:
:
178
:
56
:
158
:
:
15

Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_ind)

Self- and other water supply

2002
2006
1,164
1,364
316
299
:
314
:
:
1,414
960
18
3
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
3,358
612
829
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
928
:
531
:
:
217
149
STOP

ory, 200210

d other water supply

2010
:

186
244
4,337
737
3
:
26
:
:
3,371
615
:
50
:
1,958
:
:
:
:
84

Environment
Water

Table 7: Water use by river basin district, 2008

(million m; % of total)

River Basin District

Schelde / Escaut (NL)

Malta (MT)
Daugava (LT)
Daugava (LV)
Odra / Oder (CZ)
Danube (BG)
Danube (CZ)

Supply to
Supply to the Supply to the
Supply to all
agriculture,
domestic
domestic
Total supply
industrial
forestry,
sector,
sector,
activities
fishing (total)
services
households
1,002
51
1,756
184
168
2,994
299

Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_wat_wu)

0.2
39.8
0.4
23.1
1.2
0.5
4.9

97.0
2.2
99.6
39.9
59.9
93.9
59.1

0.4
6.1
0.0
29.0
8.9
0.9
9.0
STOP

2.5
22.3
:
:
29.9
4.6
26.9

Environment
Water

Table 8: Population connected to at least secondary wastewater treatment, 200011

(% of total)

Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic ()
Denmark
Germany ()
Estonia
Ireland ()
Greece
Spain ()
France ()
Croatia
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia ()
Lithuania ()
Luxembourg ()
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands ()
Austria ()
Poland
Portugal ()
Romania ()
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden ()
United Kingdom ()
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
FYR of Macedonia
Serbia
Turkey
Albania
Bosnia and Herzegovina

2000
42
36
70
87
88
68
29
:
:
78
:
:
15
63
24
:
30
14
99
:
50
27
17
12
:
80
86
:
0
52
96
:
:
19
:
2

2005
2007
2009
2010
2011
55
68
72
:
:
38
40
43
45
53
73
73
75
77
78
:
:
89
88
:
97
92
:
95
:
73
74
80
:
81
82
:
71
:
62
:
85
88
88
88
:
88
88
93
:
80
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
27
94
:
:
:
:
30
:
:
:
:
64
63
:
:
:
58
61
67
64
65
88
:
:
91
91
41
50
52
69
71
16
10
23
13
100
99
99
100
99
:
89
92
93
94
:
58
62
65
65
65
42
51
55
:
:
17
:
:
22
31
32
49
53
54
56
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
83
83
86
86
:
87
:
:
97
97
100
:
2
:
:
:
:
57
59
60
59
62
97
:
:
98
:
:
:
:
:
:
6
7
9
9
9
29
31
35
38
:
:
:
:
5
5
2
2
2
2
2

() No data for 2000; 2002 data instead

() No data for 2000; 2001 data instead
() No data for 2007 and 2009; 2006 and 2008 data instead

() No data for 2000 and 2005; 2001 and 2004 data instead
() No data for 2005; 2003 data instead
() No data for 2005, 2007 and 2009; 2004, 2006 and 2008 data instead
() No data for 2000; 2004 data instead
() No data for 2007; 2006 data instead
() No data for 2007; 2008 data instead
Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_ww_con)

ater treatment, 200011

START

BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT ()
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
IS
NO
CH
MK
RS
TR
BA

2000
41
37
64
88
69

2001
46
38
65

2002
48
39
70

2003
51
40
71

2004
53
41
71

93
69
70

70

70

94
72

2005
54
41
73

2006
57
41
72

2007
69
42
73

2008
71
44
76

74
84

74

96
74

80

85
91
79

80
15

9
14

16

18
65
57

23
70
59
95
55
16
99
89
58
60

28
66

58
13
99
89
59

28

28

29

30
66
69

65
69

65
69

63
11
99
92
61
72
28
51
55

66
10

46
14
98
85
54

49
14
98
86
55

52
16
99
86
57
57

36
51
80
86

37
51
81

38
52
81
85

40
53

33
74
96
5

33
74
96
6

50
74
96
6
6

50
75

50
76

6
7

6
7

57
77
97
7
8

26
2

27
2

27
2

30
2

36
2

42
2

27
48
54

92

61
16
99
60
65
28
50
55

86

62
69
28
53
57

70
68
17
99
93
63
70
29
53
57

86
97
79

78

78

7
9

7
9

7
9

43
2

46
2

46
2

Environment
Water

Figure 7: Population connected to urban wastewater treatment, 200011 ()

(% of resident population)

2009
73
45
76
90
80
75
87

2010

2011

48
77
90
96

56
78

87
96

100

80
82
63
88

60
39

71

40

72
96
72
22
99
94
65

73
95
73
100

31
55
59
83
87
97

40
56
60
83

80
97

80

7
10

10

11

50
2

52
2

STOP
() In the cases where lines within the graph do not extend to the entire time series (200011) data are
France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Slovakia, Iceland, FYR of Macedonia, data not available.

() n 2011, Malta has all its generated wastewater treated.

69
23

64
71
29
53
58

97
80

20
66

0
2000

2001

2002

2003

2004
BE
MT ()

Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_ww_con)

2005
BG
NL

CZ
PL

2006
DE
SI

200

FR
U

er treatment, 200011 ()

BG
NL

2005
CZ
PL

2006
DE
SI

2007
FR
UK

2008

2009

2010

HU
EE

ntire time series (200011) data are not available. Belgium, Portugal, 2009;
cedonia, data not available.

2011

Agricultural
use
Portugal ()
Luxembourg ()
Spain ()
Cyprus
United Kingdom ()
France ()
Denmark ()
Ireland
Norway
Czech Republic
Hungary
Lithuania
Latvia ()
Bulgaria
Italy
Germany
Sweden
Poland
Austria ()
Belgium
Finland
Greece ()
Estonia
Romania
Slovakia
Switzerland
Malta
Netherlands
Slovenia

START

91.0
87.2
86.4
82.1
80.6
76.5
67.7
67.4
56.4
49.7
49.1
47.1
42.0
37.8
30.0
29.1
24.8
22.4
16.9
13.2
5.8
4.9
4.4
2.6
0.6
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0

Compost
and other
applications

0.0

32.3
24.7
33.3
26.9
50.8
49.0
2.3
16.2
32.0
6.0
31.6
0.0
91.5
0.0
83.3
0.3
64.0

0.0
0.0
7.4

Landfill
9.0
0.0
8.3
0.0
0.6
4.5
1.3
0.4
15.8
6.4
1.1
2.1
9.0
59.8
43.9
0.0
3.7
9.9
7.9
2.7
65.4
11.4
75.6
14.0

100.0
0.0
7.5

Incineration

12.8
5.3
0.0
18.7
19.0
31.0

3.1
18.9
0.0
0.0
3.5
54.7
1.2
8.0
43.6
86.2
0.0
29.7

Others
0.3
12.3
4.6
18.0
0.2
0.0
5.2
3.1
7.5
4.0
0.0
56.0
0.0
9.0
0.0
38.3
53.7
0.9
20.4

0.0
0.0

2.1
21.3

37.8
0.0
99.3
57.8

9.7
0.0
0.7
27.4

Environment
Water

Figure 8: Sewage sludge disposal from urban wastewater treatment, by typ

(% of total mass)
Data not
available

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%

13.6

10%
0%

19.4

52.4

Agricultural use
Incineration

Land
Data

() Belgium, Denmark, Spain, France, Italy, Cyprus, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Austria, Sweden, the
Switzerland, 2009; Croatia, Iceland, Turkey, Bosnia and Herzegovina, no data.
() Based on a total excluding the category of other types of treatment.

Source: Eurostat (online data code: env_ww_spd)

STOP

Compost and other applications

Others

astewater treatment, by type of treatment, 2011 ()

st and other applications

Landfill
Data not available

g, Netherlands, Austria, Sweden, the United Kingdom, 2010. Latvia, Portugal, Finland,
govina, no data.
atment.