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Clinical tip
Speeds test
Purpose
To identify biceps tendon pathology in the
bicipital groove and unstable superior
labral anterior posterior (SLAP) lesions
Positive test
Clinical tip
It might be expected that a ruptured long
head of biceps would result in painless
weakness on Speeds test but a more
obvious diagnostic indicator is the socalled Popeye sign where a marked bulge
appears just above the elbow on
contraction of the biceps. More proximally
the muscle is notably absent.
Purpose
Positive test
Purpose
Positive test
Yergasons test
Neers sign
Purpose
The primary purpose of the sign is to
identify symptomatic subacromial
impingement involving the rotator cuff,
subacromial bursa and long head of biceps.
Positive test
HawkinsKennedy
Purpose
The primary purpose of the test is to
identify subacromial or internal
impingement.
Positive test
Crank test
Purpose
To assess for an unstable superior labral
anterior posterior (SLAP) lesion.
Positive test
SLAP prehension
Purpose
To assess for an unstable superior labral
anterior posterior (SLAP) lesion.
Positive test
Sulcus sign
Purpose
To detect the presence of inferior instability
and the possibility of multidirectional
instability (MDI) of the glenohumeral joint.
Positive test
OBrien test
Purpose
To identify a symptomatic
acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) and/or a
superior labral anterior posterior (SLAP)
lesion.
Positive test
Scarf test
Purpose
To test primarily for acromioclavicular joint
(ACJ) lesions.
Positive test
Paxinos test
Purpose
To test for acromioclavicular joint (ACJ)
pathology or injury.
Positive test
Valgus test
Purpose
To test the integrity of the medial collateral
ligament (MCL) of the elbow.
Action and positive test
Varus test
Purpose
To test the integrity of the lateral collateral
ligament of the elbow.
Action and positive test
Purpose
To stress the radial collateral ligament
(RCL) and lateral capsule of the wrist in
order to detect pain and/or laxity.
Positive test
Finkelsteins test
Purpose
To detect pain and limitation caused by
inflammation between the tendons of
abductor pollicis longus (APL) and extensor
pollicis brevis (EPB) and their shared
synovial sheath at the distal end of the
radius (de Quervains tenosynovitis).
Positive test
FADDIR test
Purpose
To reproduce pain and/or apprehension and
increase the likelihood of detecting a range
of conditions such as articular pathology
(e.g. femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI),
labral and hip joint pathology and
instability), piriformis syndrome and psoas
bursitis.
Positive test
Articular pathology/psoas
bursitis: pain in the groin which
may be accompanied by a click if
the labrum is involved.
Piriformis syndrome: buttock or
radicular pain.
Thomass test
Purpose
To test for a fixed flexion deformity at the
hip and assess muscle length of the rectus
femoris, iliacus, tensor fascia lata (TFL) and
the iliotibial band (ITB).
Positive test
(SLR) test
Purpose
To test for intra-articular hip pain (e.g. OA,
labral tear, femoroacetabular
impingement), fracture, pain stemming
from a hip prosthesis and contractile
lesions of the hip flexors.
Positive test
Obers test
Purpose
To assess ITB and tensor fascia lata (TFL)
extensibility.
Positive test
Valgus test
Positive test
Purpose
To primarily detect pain and/or laxity of the
medial collateral ligament (MCL).
Positive test
Varus test
Purpose
To primarily detect pain and/or laxity of the
lateral collateral ligament (LCL).
Positive test
Lachmans test
Purpose
To detect anterior (one-plane) instability
and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) laxity.
Positive test
Dial test
Purpose
To assess for posterolateral rotatory
instability (PLRI).
Action and positive test
Apleys test
Purpose
To elicit pain and/or apprehension resulting
from meniscal injury or pathology.
Positive test
McMurrays test
Purpose
To elicit pain and/or apprehension resulting
from meniscal injury or pathology.
Positive test
Thessaly test
Purpose
To elicit pain and/or apprehension resulting
from injury or pathology to the medial and
lateral menisci.
Positive test
Ankle test
Positive test
5 talar tilt:
half were found to have no ligament
damage and the
rest had either single ATFL injury or a
combined ATFL/CFL tear.
515 talar tilt:
a third had the combined ATFL/CFL rupture
and
an incomplete rupture of the posterior
talofibular ligament; the rest had either
double or single ruptures.
25 talar tilt:
all had complete combined ATFL/CFL
ruptures
with either complete or partial ruptures of
the posterior talofibular ligament reported.
Drawer test
Purpose
To test the integrity of the anterior
talofibular ligament (ATFL).
Positive test
Thompsons test
Purpose
To detect the presence of a complete
rupture of the Achilles tendon.
Positive test