HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL MEDICINE

THIRD EDITION

This book marks the tenth year of my journey in the United States.
I dedicate this book to all of my students; past, present, and future.

HYUNBAE KIM, L.Ac, Dipi.OM, Ph.D.

- I -
 COPYRIGHT

COPYRIGHT @ HYUNBAE KIM 2007, 2008

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a

retrieval system or transcribed in any form or by any means, electronic,
LAW
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or any other means, or translated into
any language without the prior written permission of the publisher.

AUTHOR HYUNBAE KIM, L.Ac, Dipi.OM, Ph .D.

EDITION 3RD EDITION, 2nd printing: December 2008

ISBN 978-0-9795811-0-6

PUBLISHER HARMONY & BALANCE Press

Web www.Qpuncture.com
Qpuncture, Inc.
DISTRIBUTOR 5824 E. Camino Pinzon Tel 714-685-0900 I 800-650-8222
Anaheim, CA 92807
E-mail info@qpuncture.com

- II -
 [··· . . . FORSWOID

The art and science of Traditional Oriental Medicine has been a significant aspect of health care for the
past 2500 years. Practitioners and scholars of each generation have built on and refined the work of their
predecessors.

H.B. Kim began his fascination with Oriental Medicine in his youth on Golden Crow Island in South Korea.
When his aunt fell ill, he borrowed instruments from a friend in his high school's Hand Acupuncture Club to
treat her illness. Remarkably, she recovered immediately after his treatment and encouraged him to reach out
to others. In college, he read The Revolution of Oriental Medicine by Hongkyung Kim. This impelled the young
H.B. Kim into serious study and practice for his life's work.

In 1997, H.B. came to the United States where he dreamed of bringing the consistent success of ancient
traditions to the West. Today, he finds himself on the cutting edge of one of the newest and most potent
primary health care modalities in the U.S.

I have found Dr. Kim's manual and teaching methods invaluable. His teaching was instrumental in helping
this old western physician pass the NCCAOM national boards while continuing in full time practice. In addition,
the formulas and acupuncture prescriptions I learned in his classes have allowed me to successfully treat
many patients' conditions that had previously frustrated my western approach. Some of the results have been
astonishing, particularly the speed with which stubborn, chronic symptoms subside. Dr. Kim's balanced teaching
and text has greatly increased my ability to treat the whole person.

This third edition of Handbook of Oriental Medicine is a pivotal reference and daily guide to understanding a
field with many divergent views. Its clarity and precision reveals and blends the standard texts of the scholars
of our time with classical, ancient writings. Through his own scholarship, Dr. Kim has produced an accessible
reference to the encyclopedic knowledge necessary to learn and practice Traditional Oriental Medicine. It is a
book of great value to students and practitioners alike as we strive together to comprehend this whole
amazing business of restoring health to the bodies, souls and spirits of our patients.

Robert N. Darnell, C.Ac., D.C., Ph.D.

April, 2007

- Ill -
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

SUBJECTS PAGE
Yin Yang Chart 3
YIN YANG
Five Aspect of Yin-Yang Relationship 4
Five Element Chart 6
FIVE ELEMENT Sequence and Relationship 7
Taste 8
"1'1 Jing 9
c
z
,.a
i: VITAL SUBSTANCES
Qi
Blood
11
13
m

,..,.
z Body Fluids 14
-t
Shen 15
-t Zang Fu Chart 16
:z:
m ZANG (LV, HT, PC, SP, LU, KD) 17
0
:a
-< ZANG FU FU (GB, 51, SJ, ST, Ll, UB) 22
Yin Organ Inter-Relationships 26
Six Extraordinary Yang Organs 27
Causes of Disease 28
DISEASE Concept of Disease 29
Treatment Principles 30
Five-Element Body Types 33
Correspondence 34
Observation Face, Eyes, Nose, Ear, Mouth, Lip, Teeth, Gum, Throat 35
Limbs, Skin, Luo-Channel 37
Tongue Diagnosis 38
Hearing and Smelling 44

DIAGNOSIS 10 Classic Asking 45

Interrogation
4 Modern Asking 51
Pulse Diagnosis 54
Comparative Pulse Chart 56
Palpation Pulse Image 58

a Pulse Combination 64
;: 69
a Other Palpations
z 71
0 1. Eight Principle
en
Ui 2. Qi, Blood and Body Fluids 74
Zang Fu Pattern Comparison 78
Treatment For Zang Fu Patterns 80
3. Zang Fu
Major Zang Fu Patterns 85
Zang Fu Pattern Comparison (CAM vs. FCM) 91
DIFFERENTIATION
4. Pathogenic Factors 105

5. Five Element 106

6. Channels 107

7. Shang Han Lun 110

8. Wen Bing Lun 111

9. Three Burners 113

TCM Disease and Patterns C INDEX 114

- IV -
 SUBJECTS PAGE
Depth and Classification of Channels 121
12 Cutaneous Regions 122
12 Muscle Meridians 123
15 Collaterals 125
CHANNELS Three Circuits 127
12 Regular
Crossing Points 128
Meridians
Channel Pathway 129
12 Divergent Meridians 135
8 Extraordinary Meridians 137
Big Picture 140
Point Categories 142
Measuring Methods 149
Point Location 150
361 Points Translation of Point Names 158
POINTS Point Location Pictures 160
Acu-Anatomy 173
Needling Depth and Angles (CAM, MNL) 182
Caution or Contraindication 184
40 Extra Points (Indications, Location, Needling) + Additional Extra Points 186

,.
n
Extra Points
Extra Point Pictures 189

c., Important Points to Know For Exams 191

c Therapeutic Properties of Points 192
z
n POINT THERAPEUTICS Comprehensive Point Charts 200
-4
c Principle of Point Combination 249
llll
m
DUI-XUE (Point Pairs) 250
From CAM C INDEX 254
From FCM C INDEX 262
POINT SELECTION From SHANGHAI 274
From ACUPUNCTURE CASE HISTORIES FROM CHINA 279
Korean Four Needle Technique 283
Filiform Needle Therapy 288
Needling M ethods, Manipulation 289
Tonification and Sedation 291
Precaution & Contraindication 292
ACUPUNCTURE TECHNIQUES
Other Types of Needle (Three-edge, Cutaneous, Intradermal) 293
Needling Methods (from Internal Classic) 294
Finding Points 295
Moxa and Cupping 296
Auricular Acupuncture 297
Scalp Acupuncture 306

OTHER TYPES OF Electro Acupuncture 309

ACUPUNCTURE Face, Nose, Hand, Foot Acupuncture 310
Korean Hand Acupuncture (Dasari Style) 312
Acupuncture Analgesia 313

- v-
~;L~'''' ,:'1'[\,c ,1:···;' 1,:i:iil:',,. {( ~'"'-·~··.· ,1;1[':'\<.' .•, ;;;;', ,:.>'.'·', i( 11,i;. ,.,·.,·,;,;~,, .·. PAGE
Pinyin - Chinese/Korean 317
CATEGORY
Pinyin - Pharmaceutical Name 319
247 HERB LIST Pinyin - Pharmaceutical Name 322
ALPHABETICAL
ORDER
Pharmaceutical Name - Pinyin 325
Pinyin - English 328
i.
HERB C INDEX 1
C INDEX 359
' SPECIAL CATEGORIES Herb Category by Secondary Actions 374
Herbs - 63 Formulas 383
.,
C INDEX 387
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
ANSWERS 429
C INDEX 430
DUI YAO
100 DUI-YAO (Herb Pairs) 431
·•.. ··
Herb Lists by Category 450
NCCAOM HERBS
Extra Herbs for NCCAOM 456
'• ,.],,,,j ~i~~ Tao of Nutrition 470
·l0f~<;j,i CHINESE NUTRITION Energetic Properties of Food 475
i' <,'. •'I' ' ' ;•;
Food l..ategories and Actions 476
C INDEX 479
, ..
63 Formulas 480
63 FORMULAS 63 Formula Analysis C INDEX 575
.,
Pulse Analysis of 63 Formulas 593
.·<
State Board Formulas According To Symptoms 596
C INDEX 604
,;,,;<') NCCAOM FORMULAS Map 605
,., iii<

i···. < ... 18 Chapters 610

li.,,.' ,' Looking For Disease

DISEASE Body and Disease C INDEX 643
I' Treating Disease
I
"'"~'"'
Diseases and TCM Patterns C INDEX 673
WESTERN MED vs. TCM
'"~'"'
Disease Formula Index 678
0''"' •• " .. 685
LAWS & REGULATIONS Business & P1 uh:~~'u"~ Code Acupuncture Licensure Act 686
Acupuncture Regulations 687
... The Communication of Disease
ci The ~ory_ and Practi1 of 690
~ CLEAN NEEDLE TECHNIQUE
The Acupuncture Treatment 691
Appendix 692
'
..· .... ,. ..•. ,j'
•i ...,....'.''·•··
.,· RIRIInt:l'A4Dfilr ··,:,·,· 694
.·.· · ~;'' . ),. i/.,:,, .··
·... HERB PICTUQS .... :,', < ',,:\,, ;.'·;· 695

-VI-
 CHAPTER 1

Fundamental Theory
¥~

KD
 FUNDAMENTAL 3

YIN YANG

Health c Harmonious and relative balance of Yin and Yang

Disease c Imbalance of Yin and Yang
Death c Separation of Yin and Yang
TCM c Adjusts Yin and Yang to restore relative balance

I-CHING ~*!i! ( 01 :::!;l

~o

TAl CHI
~
YIN YANG --YIN
-
YANG

FOUR
STAGES
--
-- --- --
- --
UTMOST YIN YIN WITHIN YANG YANG WITHI N YIN UTMOST YANG

EIGHT
TRIG RAMS
--
-- -
--
-- --
-
-- -
-- --- --
-- --
- --
EARTH MOUNTAIN WATER WIND THUNDER FIRE POND HEAVEN

YIN YANG IN CYCLE

~~
YANG YIN
WITHIN WITHIN
YANG YANG

~ ~
I SUMMER I I AUTUMN I
-- -
--
0
~
~
L.:::_
- --
I SPRING I I WINTER I
~ ~
YANG YIN
WITHIN
YIN G;} WITHIN
YIN

YIN YANG CHART

YANG WITHIN YIN YANG WITHIN YANG

············································································· ................• ·························· ...................
Growth of Yang Maximum of Yang
....L YIN WITHIN YANG YIN WITHIN YIN
................ ········· ··········································· ··························································
Growth of Yin Maximum of Yin

SYMBOL --
- - -
-- --
TIME Second half of night Morning Afternoon First half of night
ORGAN Liver Heart Lung Kidney
SEASON Spring Summer Autumn Winter

•• Rolling
Tense
•• Superficial
Rapid
• Surging
•• Deep
Slow
•• Excess
String-taut
•••
Deficient
Hesitant
PULSE
• Abrupt Thready

•••
Soft
Weak
Knotted
• Regularly-intermittent

Yin Yang I Cycle

4 FUNDAMENTAL

FIVE ASPECTS OF YIN-YANG RELATIONSHIP

CAM Chinese FCM

1. Opposition ~Milf.l :ll:.( §g/ Ql ~ ) 1. Opposition
2. Interdependence ~l!ait<:t'f ( §g/£1 e J 2. Interdependence
3. Inter-consuming-supporting 1110M!lii1i ~ ( §g/~~ ) 3. Mutual consuming
4. Inter-transforming 1110Mil 'lt1t( §g/~2f ) 4. Inter-transform at ion
5. Infinite divisibility 1110Mil iii1t( §g/~2f )

1. OPPOSITION (C All things have Yin and Yang aspects)

YANG YIN YANG YIN

Fire B Water Exterior B Interior
Light B Darkness Heat B Co ld
Sun B Moon Excess B Deficiency
Round B Flat Restless B Quiet
Time B Space Acute B Chron ic
NATURE MEDICINE
East B West Rapid changes B Lingering disease
South B North Stretch out B Curl up
Left B Right Red face B Pale f ace
Immaterial B Material Coarse breathing B Shallow breathing
Energy B Matter Thirst B No thirst

• Physiology: The Yin or Yang aspect within any phenomenon will restrict the other through opposition.
• Pathology: Yin Excess ~ Yang Deficiency, Yang Excess ~ Yin Deficiency

2. INTER-DEPENDENCE (C Yin and Yang cannot exist without the other)

NATURE MEDICINE

• Yin corresponds to nutrient substance, and Yang to functional

activities.
• The Yin organs depend on the Yang organs to prod uce Qi
and Blood.

• Without structure
perform.
(Yin), the function (Yang) could not • The Yang organs depend on t he Yin organs
nourishment deriving from Blood and Essence.
for their

3 MUTUAL-CONSUMING (C Yin and Yang are in a constant state of change for preserving the balance)

NATURE MEDICINE

• Excess of Yin: Excess Cold (interior/exterior) in the body consumes t he Yang,

• In summertime the weather is hot (Yang) especially SP Yang. (FUll-COLD)

and we sweat (Yin) more. • Excess of Yang: Excess Heat (exterior/interior) consumes the body f luids and
leads to dryness. (FUll-HEAT)

• Consumption of Yang: The decrease of Yang energy leads to symptoms of a

• When the ext ernal t emperature is very cold relative excess Yin, such as feelings of cold and chilliness. (EMPTY-COLD)
(Yin). the body st arts t rembling (Yang). • Consumption of Yin: The decrease of Yin leads to sympt oms of a relative
excess Yang, such as feelings of heat. (EMPTY-HEAT)

·-····- ..... -·······

CD EQUILIBRIUM
Balance
YANG

YIN EXCESS
Excess Cold
YIN YANG

YANG EXCESS
Excess Heat
YIN
aJ [Ej
YANG DEFICIENCY
Deficient Cold
N

YIN DEFICIENCY
Deficient Heat
N

Yin Yang I Relationship

 FUNDAMENTAL 5

4 INTER-TRANSFORMATION (C Yin and Yang can change into one another)

NATURE MEDICINE

• Day turns into night. • Exterior Cold (Yin) can invade the body and, after a time, it
can easily change into Heat (Yang).

• Excessive work (Yang) without rest

deficiency (Yin) of the body's energies.
induces extreme • Excess heat (Yang) can damage the body fluids and lead to
Deficiency of fluids (Yin).

• Excessive jogging (Yang) induces a very slow (Yin) pulse. • Deficiency of Spleen-Yang
Dampness (Yang).
(Yin) can lead to Excess of

• Excessive consumption of alcohol creates a pleasant euphoria

(Yang) which is quickly followed by a hang-over (Yin).

COMPARISON

MUTUAL-CONSUMING INTER-TRANSFORMATION

Quantitative Change Qualitative Change

Balance and Homeostasis 8 Principle Change

5. INFINITE DIVISIBILITY (C Yin and Yang aspect can be further divided into Yin Yang)
~--------------------------------------~
MEDICINE
NATURE

• Temperature can divided into cold (Yin) and hot (Yang), but • In the body, the front of the trunk is Yin compared w ith
cold can divided further into icy cold (Yin) and moderately the back, but the front can be divided further so that the
cold (Yang). abdomen is Yin in relation to the chest.

CLASSIC SOURCES

FIVE ASPECTS CLASSIC QUOTE

When Yin predominates, Yang will be diseased; When Yang predominates,

1. OPPOSITION
2. INTER-DEPENDENCE
3. MUTUAL CONSUMING
4. INTER-TRANSFORMATION Simple Questions
5. INFINITE DIVISIBILITY
Simple Questions
Simple Questions
Illustrated Supplement
to the Classified Classics
Dao De ling
·:+:·
Simple Questions
CAM
Yin will be diseased.
Yin remains inside to act as a guard for Yang, and Yang stays outside to
CAM
act as a servant far Yin.
Yin is in the Interior and is the material foundation of Yang; Yang is on
FCM
the Exterior and is the manifestation of Yin.
Without Yang there would be no production of Yin; Without Yin there
CAM
would be no production of Yang.
FCM In order to contract, it is necessary first to expand.
Consumption of Yin leading to Gaining of Yang; Consumption of Yang
CAM
leading to Gaining of Yin.
Extreme Yin will necessarily produce Yang, and extreme Yang will
CAM necessarily produce Yin; Severe Cold will give birth to Heat, and severe
Heat will give birth to Cold.
Yin and Yang could amount to ten in number; they could be extended to
one hundred, one thousand, ten thousand or infinity; but although
CAM
infinitely divisible, Yin and Yang are based upon only one important
principle.

Yin Yang I Relationship

6 FUNDAMENTAL

FIVE ELEMENTS

FIVE ELEMENTS
DIRECTION
South

8
East
e
Center
8 west

ater

North

BASIC QUALITIES
ELEMENT BASIC QUALITIES INTERPRETATION MOVEMENT

WOOD *I ~ ) can be bent and straightened fill ® ( ~~ ) solidity, workability expansion

FIRE ;!,: ( ~ ) fl ares upwards iii J:(gj ~ ) heat, combustion upwards

EARTH ±(£) perm its sowing, growing and reaping f*li(Jfi>!i) nutrition center, st ability

METAL 1E(5) can be molded and can harden *itt.lfi:( §~ ) solidity, congelation, moldability contraction

WATER *I* ) moistens downwards ~T( g of) liquidity, fluidity, solution downwards

THE CORRESPONDENCES OF THE 5 ELEMENTS

NATURE & MEDICINE WOOD FIRE EARTH METAL WATER

SEASONS Spring Summer None Autumn Winter

DIRECTIONS East South Center West North

DEVELOPMENTS Birth Growth Transformation Harvest Storage

YIN-YANG Lesser Yang Utmost Ya ng Center Lesser Yin Utmost Yin

z
Pre-Heaven 3 2 5 4 1
~
c NUMBERS
::11:1 Post- Heaven 8 7 10 9 6
m
GRAINS Wheat Beans Rice Hemp Millet

ANIMALS Fish Birds Human Mammals Shell-covered

DOMESTIC ANIMALS Sheep Fowl Ox Dog Pig

PLANETS Jupiter Mars Saturn Venus Mercury

YIN ORGANS Liver Heart Spleen Lung Kidney

YANG ORGANS Gall Bladder Small Intestine Stomach Large Intestine Bladder

COLOURS Green Red Yellow White Black

SOUNDS Shouting Laughing Singing Weeping Groaning

3:
m SMELL Rancid Scorched Fragrant Rotten Putrid
0
n
z
m
EMOTIONS Anger Joy Pensiveness Sadness Fear

TASTES Sour Bitter Sweet Pungent Salty

TISSUES Sinews Blood Vesse ls Muscles Skin Bones

SENSE ORGANS Eyes Tongue Mouth and Lips Nose Ears

CLIMATES Wind Heat Dampness Dryness Cold

Five Elements I Correspondences

 FUNDAMENTAL 7

SEQUENCE AND RELATIONSHIPS

SEQUENCE PHYSIOLOGY PATHOLOGY

SHENG ~ ( ~)
• Generating {=Promoting) • Failure to nourish Son

• Draws from Mother

KO Rtl ( ~ )
• Controling (=Acting) • Overacting {=Over-acting) * !5 )
• Insulting (=Counter-acting) i!it (2)

PHYSIOLOGICAL SEQUENCE

SHENG (GENERATING) KO (CONTROLING)

PATHOLOGICAL SEQUENCE

FAIL TO NOURISH I INSULTING DRAWS FROM MOTHER I OVERACTING

Excessive

Deficient

PATHOLOGICAL INFLUENCES (EXAMPLE· LV) .

LIVER OTHER ORGANS
Fire - HT drawing from LV
LV DEFICIENCY Earth + SP insulting LV
{WOOD) Metal + LU overacting on LV

LV EXCESS
Water
Fire .
-

-
.
KD f ail to nourish LV

Earth LV overa cting on SP

(WOOD) Metal - LU faili ng to control LV
Water - LV drawing from KD

Five Elements I Sequence

8 FUNDAMENTAL

OVERACTING AND COUNTERACTING

INSULTING WOOD OVERACTING

METAL EARTH
¢:l EXCESS ¢

OVERACTING WOOD INSULTING

METAL EARTH
¢ DEFICIENCY ¢:l

TASTE

FUNCTIONS OF TASTE

TASTE FUNCTIONS SIDE-EFFECTS

SOUR • Generates fluids and Yin

•
• Astringent and can control perspiration and diarrhea
Makes Phlegm worse

BITTER • Clears heat, sedates and hardens

•
• Clears Damp-Heat and it subdues rebellious Qi
Injures SP, Injures Yin

SWEET • Tonifies, balances, and moderates .

•
• Is used to tonify deficiency and to stop pain
Creates Damp

PUNGENT • Scatters
• Injures Yin
• Is used to expel pathogenic factors

SALTY • Flows downwards, softens hardness

• Injures Fluids
• Is used to treat constipation and swelling

PRECAUTIONS (Lingshu Ch 56)

TASTE TISSUES ORGANS

• The sour taste goes to the nerves and can
SOUR upset the Liver, so it should be used sparingly
if a person suffers from chronic pain
• The sour taste goes to the LV
• If the SP is diseased one should not eat sour
foods.

• The bitter taste goes to the bones, and an • The bitter taste goes to the HT
BITTER
excess of it should be avoided in bone diseases • If the LU is diseased one should not eat bitter
foods

• The sweet taste goes to the muscles and an • The sweet taste goes to the SP
SWEET
excess of it can cause weakness of the muscles • If the KD is diseased one should not eat sweet
foods

• The pungent taste scatters Qi and should be • The pungent taste goes to the LU
PUNGENT
avoided in Qi deficiency • If the LV is diseased one should not eat
pungent foods

• The salty taste can dry the Blood, and should • The salty taste goes to the KD
SALTY
be avoided in Blood deficiency • If the HT is diseased one should not eat salty
foods

Five Elements I Taste

 FUNDAMENTAL 9

Vital Substance./ Essence

10 FUNDAMENTAL

MINGMEN-FIRE AND EXTRA VESSELS

I HT I
c::;)
I I ¢:J

REN 111 CHONG DU

11 11

~
Fire of Life Gate
Pre Heaven Post Heaven
Essence I RN4 i $nz.:k(\ll~XI.iifl
Motive Force
DU4 I Essence

11 11
111
¢:J
I RNl I c::;)

I I
Emerging Point

FUNCTIONS OF ESSENCE
1' Growth, reproduction and development
:::!!,« Basis of Kidney-Qi
~'.. ,
Producer of Marrow
4 Basis of constitutional strength
5 Basis for the "Three Treasure" (Essence, Qi, Mind)

FLOW OF ESSENCE ACCORDING TO THE NEIJING

' ~>~:c: ·.,~:_,:)<'·{_,/:,~ }'¥lf'·\\-~L,~,~~1f;,:i1<\''~<:i/'

l$ (!~~ ~ei)
,,

.,~~~~' ;
·,_'_·~·
i

~- I<
~\(1;;. . ¢Ya.£5t .., :: •,,,, ·.,·
-~i: ,,/:, . .• , «' ·, -..v • .

Kidney energy becomes abundant, her baby teeth are The boy's Kidney energy is abundant, his hair and teeth
7 replaced by permanent ones and the hair grows. 8 grow.

His Kidney energy is even more abundant, the dew of

The dew of Heaven (menstruation) arrives, the REN
Heaven (sperm) arrives, the Essence is luxuriant and
14 channel begins to flow, the CHONG channel is flourishing, 16 flowing, Yin and Yang are harmonized and he can
the periods come regularly and she can conceive.
produce a child

Kidney Essence peaks, the wisdom teeth come out and The Kidney energy peaks, tendons and bones are strong,
21 growth is at its utmost.
24 the wisdom teeth appear and growth is at its peak.

Tendons and bones become strong, the hair grows longest Tendons and bones are at their strongest, and the
28 and the body is strong and flourishing. 32 muscles are full and strong.

The YANG-MING channels begin to weaken, the The Kidney is weakened, the hair begins to fall out and
35 complexion starts to wither and the hair begins to fall. 40 the teeth become loose.

The three YANG channels are weak, the face darkens and YANG Qi is exhausted, the face becomes darker and the
42 the hair begins to turn grey.
48 hair turns grey.

The REN channel is empty, the CHONG channel depleted, The Liver energy is weakened, the tendons cannot move,
49 the dew of Heaven dries up, the Earth Passage (uterus) is 56 the dew of Heaven is dried up, the Kidney becomes weak
not open, so weakness and infertility set in. and the body begins to grow old.

64 Hair and teeth are gone.

Vital Substance I Essence

 FUNDAMENTAL 11

Ql *l(JI )

CLASSIFICATION AND PRODUCTION OF Ql

Heaven
Human
-+ -+

Ql CAM FCM FUNCTIONS

QING Ql • ;il!*l ( ~J I) Air Qi Air Qi • Air Qi

• Inhaled by the Lung

GU Ql • ~*l( ~J I) Food Qi Grain Qi • Food Qi

• Produced by the Spleen and Stomach

• Air Qi + Food Qi

ZONG Ql **l(§J I) Pectoral Qi Gathering Qi • Stored in the chest

• Promote the LU 's function of controlling respiration

• Promote the HT's function of dominating the blood and vessels

• Derived from congenital Essence

YUAN Ql JJl\*l ( ~J I) Primary Qi Original Qi • Supplemented and nourished by Food Essence

• Take root in the KD

• Spreads to the entire body via the San Jiao

ZHEN Ql iJi*l(6!JI ) Vital Qi True Qi • The last stage of transformation of Qi

• Meridian Qi

•
•
Circulate outside the vessels
Protect the surface, defend the body against pathogens
• Control opening and closing of the pores
• Moisten the skin and hair
WEI Ql ~*l ( 'fl Jl ) Defensive Qi Defensive Qi • Readjust body temperature, and warm up the Zang-fu organs

Circulation 50 times in 24 hours

25 times during the day Taiyang ==;. Shaoyang ==;. Yangming
25 times during the night KD ==;. HT ==;. LU ==;. LV ==;. SP

• Circulate in the vessels

YING Ql ~*l ( 2JJ I) Nutrient Qi Nutritive Qi • Produce blood and to circulate with it
• Providing further nourishment of blood (Ying-blood)

WilJIJ1fZ.iia • Every organ is conceived of as having its own Qi

ZANGFU Ql Organ Qi Organ Qi
( ~-'i!XIJ I) • Its activity is characterized by the Organ which is attacked
e The True Qi of SP/ST
ZHONG Ql <P*l (8JI ) Middle Qi Central Qi • The SP's function of transportation and transformation
• The SP's function of raising Qi
• Defensive Qi + Nutritive Qi + KD Essence
ZHENG Ql .iE *l ( ~J I) Righteous Qi Upright Qi • Defense of the body from invasion by external pathogens
• Contrasted to Pathogenic Factor (Xie Qi JIB*l )

FUNCTIONS OF Ql
CAM FCM
1. Promoting 'IU!J (9§ ) 1. Transporting
2. Warming iE&!¥.'/ ( g~ ) 2. Warming
3. Defensive '}j~ ( \!J"Oi ) 3. Protecting
4. Checking ~Jill ( .:;} {g ) 4. Holding
5. Activities of Qi *lit (JI£1) 5. Transforming
6. Nourishing ~W ( 2i~ l

ft-*l(§JI ) 6. Rising

Vital Substance I Qi
12 FUNDAMENTAL

MINGMEN, YUAN Ql AND YUAN-SOURCE POINTS

Yuan-Source Points
t
12 Channels
t
Internal Organs
t
MING MEN
(GATE OF VITALITY)

Ql MECHANISM

Ascending
gj_w)

'"""• W(~iCBCAi"l '"'"''"•

c
~( ~ )

Descending

OUTER WHEEL CENTRAL AXIS ROOT

MOVEMENTS

Ascending D
LU
• LV

D
t ST
• SP

D
t HT ,J KD

D
t
Water
c c
Descending c c c c c c Qi

Exiting c from space between

skin&muscles (cou li) f rom sinews from muscles from blood v essels from bones

Entering c into space between

skin&muscles (cou li) into sinew s into muscles into blood vessels into bones

AXIS, ROOT AND OUTER WHEEL

HT
HT ,J
root

• LV •
SP/ST • f---
• LU ,J
--1 outer wheel
h I f - - ----1
outere; ee central axis rJ&h!

• KD
root

Vital Substance I Qi
 FUNDAMENTAL 13

BLOOD .i!Il( ~ l

SOURCE OF BLOOD

..
pre-heaven

post-heaven
Two material sources of Blood

SP main source of Blood

LU pushing Food-Qi to the HT
HT Food-Qi is transformed into Blood in the HT
KD making Blood through Marrow and KD-Essence

FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD
1 Nourishes the body
2 Circulat es with Nutritive Qi
3 Moistens the body
4 Houses the Mind
5 Determines menstruation

BLOOD AND ORGANS

HT GOVERNS .:E.i!Il ( ~~ ) -+ responsible for Blood circulation

SP MAKES *1t.J!Il ( ~~ ) -+ BLOOD ensures that Blood remains in the blood vessels
LV STORES ii.i!Il( ~~ ) -+ nourishes sinews, moistens eyes, regulates uterus

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ESSENCE, Ql, BLOOD AND BODY FLUIDS

Commander of blood
Transform/Transport/ Hold Body Fluids
(Generat e/Move/Hold Blood)

Mother of Qi

Nourish Body Fluids

Vital Substance I Blood

14 FUNDAMENTAL

I BODY FLUIDS itill:(~Qli) I

FORMATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF BODY FLUIDS

¢ pure (diffusing)
, - - - - ' - - - - - ' - - - - = - - - - - - - To Skin & Muscle - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
UPPER
BURNER
• impure (descending)
mist LU

'ii pure
Stream t o
MIDDLE
~
moisten LU
BURNER

maceration
chamber ~
.J impure

¢ pure
LOWER Sl KD
BURNER
.J .J
I¢
impure impure
drainage ¢ pure
ditch Ll pure UB
(re-absorbed)
' - - - -- -- - '

.J impure .J impure

FECES II URINE II

TRIPLE BURNER =SAN JIAO =:1\\t>''x l"' C) :...a...::

CAM FCM
UPPER BURNER Fog ~ ( li' ) Mist
MIDDLE BURNER Froth ;~( :;> ) M aceration Chamber
LOWER BURNER Drainage ditch iJ! ( ~ ) Drainage Dit ch

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERNAL ORGANS AND BODY FLUIDS

LU c diff use transform, t ransport, excrete c SJ

BODY
SP c t ransform, t ra nsport
FLUIDS
origin of c ST
KD c tra nsform, separate, excrete excrete c UB

JIN YE

JIN {FLUID) it(~) YE {LIQUIDS) ill:(Qli)

YIN YANG • YANG • YIN

CHARACTER • Clear, light and thin-watery • More turbid, heavy and dense.

CIRCULATE • W ith defensive Qi on the Exterior • With Nutritive Qi in the interior

MOVE • Quickly • Relatively slowly

UNDER THE
CONTROL OF • LU (Upper Burner) • SP & KD (Middle/Lower Burner)

• Moisten and partially nourish skin and m uscles. • Moisten t he joints, spine, brain and bone marrow.
FUNCTION • M anifest as sweat, tears, saliva and mucus. • Lubricate the orifices of the sense organs (eyes, ears,

• Become a com ponent of the fluid part of blood . nose and mout h).

Vital Substance I Body Fluids

 FUNDAMENTAL 15

SHEN ~$(t!)

CHARACTERISTICS OF SPIRIT
PATHOLOGY
CHARACTERISTICS
SHEN DISTURBANCE FALSE SHEN

• Physical appearance and color is bright • Patient is thin, emaciated • Sudden revival before death due to

• Spirit of the eyes shows alertness and is • Face is dull, color of organs is exposed floating up of Yang Qi
shiny • Mind is not clear, confused, body
• Yin and Yang separates - indicates end

• Mind is clear, clear speech, normal movement is erratic of life

behavior
• Speech is incoherent • From chronic disease where essence is

• Repiration is even and smooth • Respiration is uneven, shallow, SOB exhausted

• Appetite is good and bowel movements

• Internal organs are exhausted • Very high fever will exhaust Yin
are normal • Prognosis is poor - patient is on
downward trail

FUNCTIONS OF SPIRIT
THE FIVE SPIRITS
OUTER
RESIDE FUNCTIONS
NAME RESPONSIBLE FOR BACK-SHU
IN
sleep, plans, projects, UB47 Has a profound influence on a person's capacity of
;t(~)
Ethereal
HUN Soul LV life aims, 'coming and Door of the planning his or her life by rooting and steadying the
going of Shen' Ethereal Soul Ethereal Soul.

consciousness, thinking,
UB44 Mostly used for emotional and psychological problems
SHEN ~${t! ) Mind HT affections, memory,
Mind Hall related to the HT, i.e. anxiety, insomnia and depression.
sleep

thinking, memory, UB49 Tonifies the mental aspect of the SP, i.e. memory,
VI ;¥. (.91) Intellect SP Thought
concentration concentration and capacity for study.
Shelter

UB42 Has a very soothing effect on the spirit and it nourishes

!IJ!!(~)
Corporeal
PO Soul LU feelings, sensations Door of the Qi when this is dispersed by a prolonged period of
Corporeal Soul sadness or grief.

Will will-power, drive, UBS2 Strengthens will power and determination which are the
ZHI $ (J;I)
Power KD determination Will Power mental-spiritual phenomena pertaining to the KD.
Room

ENTERING-EXIT OF Ql BETWEEN SHEN & HUN

SHEN controls and integrates to HUN

Shen over-control Shen fails to control

normal depression mania

HUN gives movement, ideas, inspirations, intuition, creativity to SHEN

Vital Substance I Spirit

16 FUNDAMENTAL

ZANG FU THEORY
CAM, FCM, WEB

FUNCTIONS
ZANG ORGANS FU ORGANS

• Store fundamental substances .

• Transform food and drink to produce Qi and Blood.

• Solid and store without discharging.

• Receive, move, transform, digest and excrete .

• Hollow and discharge without storing .

I ZANG ORGANS I
ORGAN FUNCTION CONTROL MANIFEST OPEN INTO SPIRIT EMOTION

LIVER llf(2!) • Smooth Flow of Qi

Sinews Nails Eyes Hun Anger
• Stores Blood

• Circulates Blood

HEART ·0(2J ) • Houses Mind

Blood Vessels Complexion Tongue Shen Joy
• Controls Sweat
~ PC : Protects the Heart

• Governs Transform ation and Transportation

Muscles and Four
SPLEEN Jl'l/.(til)
• Controls the Raising of Qi
limbs
Lips Mouth Vi Worry
• Controls Blood

• Dominates Qi and controls Respiration

LUNG llili(illl ) • Controls Dispersing and Descending Skin Body Hair Nose Po Sadness

• Regulates Water Passages

• Stores Essence and Governs Birth, Growth,

Reproduction and Development
Produces Marrow,
Ears and 2
KIDNEY ~ ( 61) Fills up the Brain, Hair Zhi Fear
• Governs Water
Controls Bones
lower orifices

• Controls the Reception of Qi

FU ORGANS

ORGANS FUNCTIONS

• Unusual Yang organ

GALL BLADDER /IIR (Et)
• Controls Secretion of Bile

• Controls Judgement

SMALL INTESTINE •J'illh ( :1:~ ) • Controls Receiving and Transforming

• Separates Fluids

SAN JIAO .:::!!eW30l • Official of Irrigation

• Avenue for Original Qi - Carries Yuan Source Qi throughout body

• Rotting and Ripening

STOMACH !!!(~) • Controls Transportation of Food Essence

• Controls the Descending of Qi

• Is the Origin of Fluids

LARGE INTESTINE x!llh(CW)

• Receives and Transforms

URINARY BLADDER ~?lil7t(l1t~) • Stores and Excretes Urine

• Controls Certain Emotions

Zang Fu I Functions

1. STORES BLOOD
(Yin aspect of LV)
,,
2. SMOOTHEN FLOW OF Ql
(Yang aspect of LV)
3. CONTROLS SINEWS
4. MANIFESTS IN THE NAILS
S. OPENS INTO THE EYES
r-
<
m
:Ill
6. CONTROLS TEARS
7. HOUSES THE ETHEREAL SOUL
(HUN)
8. AFFECTED BY ANGER
9. OTHER LV RELATIONSHIPS
10. DREAMS
11. SAYINGS
FUNDAMENTAL 17
ZANG ORGANS
• Regulates Blood volume in relation to rest and activity
• When a person moves, Blood goes to the channels, when at rest it goes to the LV
• Glucose convert to glycogen and stored in LV
•. Regulates menstruation
LV Blood Normal: regular and normal menstruation
. LV Blood Deficiency: scanty periods or amenorrhea
. LV Blood Stasis: painful periods
.LV Blood Heat: heavy periods
• Moistens eyes and sinews
• Affects emotional state: frustration, depression, anger with hypochondriac pain, plum pit,
irritability, breast distention, PMS
• Affects digestion: stagnation invades ST preventing movement of Qi, belching, sour
regurgitation, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea
• Affects secretion of bile: stagnation obstructs bile flow =? bitter taste, jaundice
•. Contraction and relaxation of sinews and tendons depends on moisture from LV Blood
LV Blood Normal: supple sinews and tendons, free movement
. LV Blood Deficiency: cramps, numbness, tingling
. LV Blood Stasis: stiffness of sinews, rigidity, pain
. LV Wind: convulsions, tremors
• In TCM, nails are "by-product" of sinews and controlled by LV Blood
• LV Blood Deficiency: ridged, dry, brittle and cracked
• LV Blood Stasis: dark or purple
•. Nourished and moistened by LV Blood
LV Blood Normal: good vision
. LV Blood Deficiency: blurred vision, f loaters, myopia, dry, gritty eyes
. LV Yin Deficiency: dry, gritty eyes
. LV Blood Stasis: painful eyeba lls
. LV Yang Rising: watery eyes
LV Fire: dry, bloodshot eyes (may also be red, swollen and painful)
. LV Wind: eyeballs moving
• .LVDecline
is not the only organ that affects the eyes
of KD Essence: chronic eye disease
• HT Fire: pain and redness of the eye
• KD Yin Deficiency: failing eyesight and dryness of the eyes
• Related to Basal tears (which lubricates the eyes) and Reflex tears (which occur when a
foreign body enters the eye)
• LV Blood/Yin Deficiency: dryness
• LV Yang Rising: watery eyes
• HUN (Ethereal Soul): source of life dreams, vision, aims, projects, inspiration, creativity,
ideas; coming and going of SHEN
. LV Blood Normal: HUN is firmly rooted and can help with a sense of direction in life
. LV Blood Weak: HUN is not rooted and cannot give us a sense of direction in life
. LV Blood/Yin Very Weak: HUN may even leave the body temporari ly at night during
sleep or just before going to sleep
• Anger: includes frustration, resentment, repressed anger and rage
Anger causes: LV Qi stagnation, LV Yang Rising, LV Fire
The relationship between Anger(emotion) and LV(organ) is mutual: Anger causes a LV
pathology and, vice versa, a LV pathology may cause the person to become irritable
I Smell I Color I Taste l Climate l Sound I
I rancid I green I sour I wind I shouting I
• Excess: Dreams of being angry (Suwen Ch.17)
•. Deficiency
Dreams of very fragrant mushrooms. In spring, dreams of lying under a tree without
being able to get up (Suwen Ch.80)
Dreams of forests in the mountains (Lingshu Ch.43)
• LV is the resolute organ
• LV influences rising and growth
• LV controls planning
• LV is a regulating, balancing and harmonizing organ
• LV loathes Wind
• LV can cause convulsions
• LV arises from the left side
Zang Fu I LV
18 FUNDAMENTAL

• Food-Qi is transformed into Blood in HT

... 1. GOVERNS BLOOD • HT controls the circulation of Blood: In TCM, LU, SP, LV also circulate Blood
• HT Blood influences menstruation indirectly
• HT Blood houses the Mind

• HT influences the state of the Blood Vessels

• HT Blood Stasis: hardening of Blood Vessels (arteriosclerosis)
2. CONTROLS THE BLOOD VESSELS • HT Deficiency: weak pulse or irregular beat
• Blood Vessel identify one of five energetic layers: skin (LU), muscles (SP), sinews (LV),
blood vessels (HT), bones (KD)

. •. HT is reflected on the face

HT Blood Deficiency: dull
I .. 3. MANIFESTS IN COMPLEXION . HT Yang Deficiency: bright white
• HT Blood Stasis: purplish or dark
. HT Heat: red

• SHEN (Mind): mental activity (including emotions), consciousness, memory, thinking, sleep
• HT is strong, Blood is Abundant: normal mental activity, a balanced emotional life, a
•••••••••• 4. HOUSES THE MIND (SHEN) clear consciousness, a good memory, keen thinking and good sleep
.
•

HT is weak, Blood is Deficiency: mental emotional problems (such as depression), poor

:c memory, dull thinking, insomnia or somnolence and in extreme cases, unconsciousness

•
iollf 5. RELATED TO JOY
•
•
•
•
•
A normal state of joy: Smooth functioning of Zang Fu and their mental faculties
Joy as excessive excitement and mental stimulation: can injure HT
Joy as inordinate craving: stirs up Minister Fire, overstimulates Mind
Excessive joy: leads to overstimulation of HT and makes it larger
Sudden joy: pulse to becomes Slow and slightly Overflowing but Empty

••••
6. OPENS INTO THE TONGUE
• Tongue is "offshoot" of HT
• HT influences the tongue itself: tongue ulcers, tongue soreness
• HT influences talking and speech: talking a lot, speech difficulty, stuttering, aphasia
.. ··

7. CONTROLS SWEAT
•. Blood (HT) and Body Fluids (Sweat) have a common origin •
HT Qi/Yang Deficiency: spontaneous sweating
• HT Yin Deficiency: night sweating

8. OTHER HT RELATIONSHIPS I Smell ]······· tdlclt -L Taste J Climate l·· . s~.··J

I scorched I red I bitter I heat I laughing I
·.·.··

.. · • Excess: Dreams of laughing (Lingshu Ch.43)

•
9. DREAMS • Deficiency
• Dreams of mountains, fire and smoke (Lingshu Ch.43)
• Dreams of fire. In summer, dreams of volcanic eruptions (Suwen Ch.SO)

..
c; 10. SAYINGS • HT loathes Heat
• HT controls speech

• Membrane wrapping around HT: Protects HT

• Action: governs Blood, houses Mind (like HT)
• Actions of PC points: invigorate Blood, cool Blood, calm Mind
1. AS AN ORGAN
• Ying stage of Wenbing: PC Heat (high fever and delirium)

lfn- As organ linked to Cl PC c As channel linked to SJ

l
•
I 2. AS A CHANNEL •
•
Influences Zong Qi (Gathering Qi)
Related to SJ channel

I • PC houses Mind (with HT)

• PC Blood Deficiency: depression, anxiety
1
c
. 3. PC AND MIND-SPIRIT • PC Blood-Heat: anxiety, insomnia, agitation

• 4. PC AND MINISTER-FIRE
•
•
• PC Phlegm: mental confusion, mental illness
Relationship problems can cause PC pathology
Minister Fire flares iJ to LV, GB, PC and flows .0. to KD
• Pathological Minister Fire flares upwards to harass PC

• PC may affect menstruation because it is related to Uterus Vessel (Bao Mal)

• Deficiency: scanty periods or amenorrhea
5. PC AND UTERUS . PC Fire: heavy periods
. PC Blood stasis: painful periods

Zang Fu I HT, PC

1. GOVERNS TRANSFORMATION
AND TRANSPORTATION (T&T)
2. CONTROLS THE ASCENDING OF
Ql
3. CONTROLS BLOOD
4. CONTROLS THE MUSCLES AND
FOUR LIMBS
S. OPENS INTO THE MOUTH AND
MANIFESTS IN THE LIPS
,r-
(I)
6. CONTROLS SALIVA
m
m parotid gland
z Promote digestion
7. HOUSES THE INTELLECT (VI)
8. AFFECTED BY PENSIVENESS
9. OTHER SP RELATIONSHIPS
10. DREAMS
11. SAYINGS
FUNDAMENTAL 19
• Transforms food and drink to make Qi and Blood: T& T (Transform and Transport)
• Healthy: good digestion, appetite, regular Bowel Movement
• Dysfunction: poor appetite, indigestion, abdominal distention, loose stools
• Separates usable from unusable: "pure" to LU, "impure" to Intestine
• Dysfunction: fluids are not T&T ~ Damp or Phlegm ~ Edema
• SP Qi ascends: Qi, Food Qi, Fluid ~ LU
• SP ascend Clear Yang and ST descend Turbid Yin
• SP's "lifting" effect to keep internal organs in place
• Deficiency: prolapse of uterus, ST, KD, UB, Anus
• Keeps blood in vessels: 'holds' blood thus preventing bleeding
• Deficiency: hemorrhages, varicose veins, black and blue marks
• Makes blood from essence of Food (source of Blood)
• Deficiency: anemia
• SP extracts GU Qi from food to nourish tissues, especially motor muscles and four limbs
• Deficiency: weak muscles ~ in severe cases, atrophy
• Mouth enabling chewing and taste : Chewing food prepares SP to T&T
• Deficiency: no taste, or "flat" or "sticky" taste, no appetite
• Heat: sweet taste .
• Lips: indicator of the state of SP
Normal: rosy and moist
. Deficiency: pale lips
. Heat: dry lips
SP
Saliva (Xian il!!'t! )
KD
Spittle (Tuo ~E} )
thin and clear fluid thick and turbid fluid
maxillary gland, sublingual gland
• VI (Intellect): capacity for thinking, studying, concentration
• Deficiency: dull thinking, poor concentration and memory
•. MEMORY
SP: concentrating, studying, memorizing schoolwork
. HT: clear thinking and long term memory (memory of distant events)
. KD: nourishes brain and influences short term memory (memory of recent events)
• Pensiveness: thinking too much, brooding, hankering after the past, obsessive thinking
• SP Deficiency ~ includes pensiveness I Pensiveness ~ injures SP
I Smell I Color I Taste I Climate I Sound I
l fragrant
I yellow I sweet I damp I singing I
• Excess: Dreams of singing and being very heavy (Suwen Ch.43)
• Deficiency
Dreams of be ing hungry. In late summer, dreams of building a house (Suwen Ch.SO)
• Dreams of abysses in mountains and of marshes (Suwen Ch.43)
• SP governs the four limbs
• SP transforms fluids for ST
• SP is the Root of Post-Heaven Qi
• SP is the origin of birth and development
• SP raises the Clear (Yang) upwards
• SP loathes Dampness
• SP likes Dryness
Zang Fu I SP
20 FUNDAMENTAL
1. GOVERN Ql AND RESPIRATION
2. CONTROL CHANNE~ AND
BLOOD VESSE~
3. CONTROL DIFFUSING AND
DESCENDING OF Ql AND BODY
FLUIDS
4. REGULATE ALL PHYSIOLOGICAL
ACTIVITIES
5. REGULATE WATER PASSAGES
6. CONTROL THE SKIN AND THE
SPACE BETWEEN SKIN AND
MUSCLES
7. MANIFEST IN THE BODY HAIR
8. OPEN INTO NOSE
9. CONTROL NASAL MUCUS
10. HOUSE THE CORPOREAL SOUL
11. AFFECTED BY WORRY, GRIEF,
AND SADNESS
12. OTHER LU RELATIONSHIPS
13. DREAMS
14. SAYINGS
Zang Fu I LU
• LU inhale "pure Qi" and exhale "dirty Qi"
• Form Qi: QING Ql (air) + GU Ql (food) = ZONG Ql (Gathering Qi) + YUAN Ql (parents)
ZHEN and LU this Qi down
• LU govern Qi =9 control all (acupuncture) channels
• Qi is the commander of Blood ~
• LU diffuse Qi: for Wei Qi descend Qi: to KD
• LU diffuse Body Fluids: for sweating • LU descend Body Fluids: to KD/UB
• Disperse Wei Qi and body fluids over entire body between skin and muscles
• Deficiency: we are invaded by exterior pathogenic factors (flu)
• Disperse Jin-Ye to moisten skin and regulate pores (sweat)
• Deficiency: spontaneous sweating
• Excess: no sweating, with edema
• Descend fluids to KD and UB
chest congestion =9 SOB, urine retention
• LU regulate all physiological activities by
• governing Qi
• controlling breathing
• controlling all channels and blood vessels
of Qi ('Qi Meehan
• skin and muscles
• Collects water throughout body and sends fluids down to KD and UB
edema
• LU diffuse fluids to moisten skin and hair (LU hates dryness)
Deficiency: dry and scaly skin
• pathogens
SP
Skin Space between skin and muscles Muscles
• LU diffuse Qi and fluids to the skin and body hair
hair
• LU open into the nose for respiration (Ease of breathing and sense of smell depend on
the state of the LU)
• Deficiency: stuffy nose, loss of sense of smell and sneezing
• Heat: I
• The nose is properly moistened by LU's diffusing of Qi and fluids
• LU's D&D action impaired: nasal discharge or a stuffed nose
• LU Heat or Phlegm-Heat: thick yellow nasal mucus
• LU nasal mucus is insufficient and the nasal mucosa is too
• PO (Corporeal Soul)
• 'Physical soul' in charge of all physiological processes
• Responsible for feelings, sensations and is affected by worry, sadness, grief
to the HUN
shoulder, breast tension tiredness, fine pulse, feeble weepy voice
~·
rotten dryness
• Excess:
• Dreams of weeping (Suwen Ch.17)
• Dreams of worry and fear, or crying and flying (Suwen Ch.43)
• Deficiency
battles/war (Suwen Ch.SO)
or iron (Suwen
•
• LU loathe Cold
• LU govern the voice
• LU are delicate
 FUNDAMENTAL 21

•. KD Jing
Pre-natal essence inherited from parents
. Store post-natal essence replenished by Gu Qi + Qing Qi
. Are the material basis for KD-Yin and KD-Yang
1. STORE ESSENCE . Have a Yin aspect (Essence) and a Yang aspect (Minister Fire)
. Are the basis for the transformation of KD Yin into KD Qi under the influence of KD Yang

• TIAN KUI: 7( ~ ) or 8(c3') year life cycles

• Control birth, growth, puberty, menopause, sex, reproduction, aging and death

•. MARROW
Marrow is the substance that generates spinal cord and makes up the brain
. Marrow is transformed into Bone Marrow
2. PRODUCE MARROW . Marrow + Bone Marrow = generate Bones
. Deficiency: poor memory and concentration, dizziness, dull thinking, weak bones, loose teeth

• Sea of Marrow: brain and spinal cord

• Control the Body fluids in Lower Jiao

• Deficiency: profuse or scanty urination
3. GOVERN WATER
• Separate "pure"(-> LU) from the "impure"(->UB)

• KD Yang provides heat to SP and Intestines for transforming fluids

4. CONTROL RECEPTION OF Ql • KD "grasp" or "receive" the Qi from the LU (LU send Qi down to the KD)
• Deficiency: breathlessness, easy exhalation but difficult inhalation

S. OPEN INTO EARS • KD nourish the Ears

• Deficiency: deafness or tinnitus

6. MANIFEST ON HAIR • KD nourish the Hair

• Deficiency: thin, brittle, dry, dull, baldness, early graying (LV Blood also influences the hair)

7. CONTROL SPITTLE • Spittle is a thick fluid at the back of the tongue and throat
2!5
c • Spittle derives from KD Essence and it nourishes KD Essence

z
m
o( 8. CONTROL THE TWO LOWER
•. KD influence:
Urethra: e.g. urethral discharge; urethritis, urinary incontinence
tl) ORIFICES . Spermatic duct: e.g. sperm discharge; spermatorrhea
. Anus: e.g. stool discharge; incontinence of stool

9. HOUSE WILL-POWER (ZHI) • ZHI (Will-power): determination, single-mindedness and tenacity

• KD control memory: short-term memory

•. MINGMEN FIRE (Gate of Life)

10. CONTROL THE GATE OF
LIFE (MINISTER FIRE)
Root of the Original Qi
. Source of Fire for all Zang Fu
. Warms Lower Jiao and Bladder
. Warms SP/ST to aid digestion
. Harmonizes the sexua l function and warms Essence and Uterus
. Assists KD reception of Qi
. Assists HT in housing Mind

11. OTHER KD RELATIONSHIPS I Smell I Color I Taste I Climate I Sound I

I putrid I black I salty I cold I groaning I
• Excess
• Dreams that spi ne is detached from the body (Suwen Ch.43)

12. DREAMS •. Deficiency

Drea ms of swimming after a shipwreck. In winter, one drea ms of plunging in water and
being scared (Suwen Ch.80)
. Dreams of being immersed in water (Suwen Ch.43)

• KD control opening and closing

• KD control strength and skill
13. SAYINGS
• KD are the Root of Pre-Heaven Qi
• KD loathe Dryness
• KD are the Gate of ST

Zang Fu I KD
22 FUNDAMENTAL

OFFICIALS

ZANG OFFICIAL AND FUNCTION

LV ~tn:z. E"reti? x1 t'!l Army's general from whom the strategy is derived

HT :<l":EZE'(i?'?XIt'!) Monarch and it governs the Mind

PC !2~Z'i1i' (t!AfXIt'! ) Ambassador and from it joy and happiness derive

SP :~r•z'i1i'(2/!'iXIt'!) Granary official from whom the five tastes are derived

LU illftZE'(&~XIt'!) Prime Minister in charge of regulation

KD f'Fljz E' ( ~~XI t'!) Strong official from whom ingenuity is derived

FU OFFICIAL AND FUNCTION

GB <!>iEZ'i1! ( 3~XIt'!) Upright official that makes decisions

Sl ~!iliZE' ( ?{!!XIt'! ) Official in charge of receiving, being filled and transforming

SJ ;')t;.z g(~"\XIt'!) Official in charge of irrigation and it controls the Water passages

ST :tr•z'i1i' ( 2/~XIt'!) Officials in charge of food storage and from whom the five flavors are derived

Ll ftl!IZ 'B'IC! SO XI t'!) Official in charge of passage and conduction

UB ~ii5Z'i1i' ('?S0XIt'! ) District capital, it stores fluids which are then excreted by the power of Qi transformation

FU ORGANS

•. BILE
Receives bile from LV and stores and excretes it for digestion
Dysfunction: nausea and vomiting, belching
Minister Fire ==} GB ==} aids digestion
1. STORES AND EXCRETES BILE . The flow of bile depends on the free flow of LV Qi

• .Extraordinary Yang organ

Only Yang organ that does NOT deal with food, drink and waste products
. Only Yang organ that does NOT communicate with exterior (mouth, anus, urethra)
. Only Yang organ that stores (Bile)

,.
(i) • GB makes decisions, controls courage and initiative

r-
2. CONTROLS DECISIVENESS • GB's 'decision making' helps all other 11 internal Organs
• Deficiency: timid or fearful, no drive
r-
ID
3. CONTROLS THE SINEWS • GB provides Qi to the sinews to ensure their proper movement and agility
5:
a • The Gathering (Hui) point for sinews is on the GB channels (GB34)

a
m • Psychological level: initiation, courage, makes decisions, makes changes
• GB deficiency: indecision, timidity, easi ly discouraged
::a
4. MENTAL ASPECT
• The ascending of GB Qi stimulate LV Qi (HUN) to ascend
• Deficiency: depression
• Excess: slightly manic
• GB has an influence on the quality and length of sleep
• Deficiency: awakens early in the morning, unable to fall asleep again

5. DREAMS • Deficiency: Dreams of fights, trials and suicide (Suwen Ch.43)

• Close relationship in regards to the physical and mental-emotional aspects

6. LV & GB RELATIONSHIP • LV's function of smooth flow of Qi ==} HELPS GB's function of storing and discharging bile

• GB's ascending action ==} HELPS LV's function of smooth flow of Qi

Zang Fu I GB
 FUNDAMENTAL 23

1. CONTROLS RECEIVING AND • Sl receives food and drink from ST and separates clear and turbid
TRANSFORMING
• Clear ==} SP I Turbid ==} Ll and UB

==} pure Skin & M uscle

==} pure UB ==} impure Urine
2. SEPARATES FLUIDS ST ==} impure Sl
(I) ==} pure Re-absorbed
,.i:
r-
==} impure ll ==} impure Stool

r-
-z... 3. MENTAL ASPECT • Discernment: ability to distinguish relevant issues with clarity before making a decision

• Sl: Discrimination and Judgement I GB: Courage to make decisions

m
(I) • Excess (parasites): Dream of crowds . w hen one has long intestinal pa rasites, one w ill
:::! 4. DREAMS dream of fights and mutual destruction (Suwen Ch.17)
z
m • Def iciency: Dreams of large cities (Suwen Ch.43)

• Physical level: Interior and Exterior

• HT Heat transforming into Sl: tongue ulcer, yellow and painful urine
S. HT & Sl RELATIONSHIP •. Psychological level: clear judgement, decisions
Sl: discernment, discriminating
• HT: mental capacity and clarity

1. MOBILIZES YUAN Ql (ORIGINAL Ql) • Yuan Qi: the transformation power of Qi in all Zang Fu

• SJ mobilizes Yuan Qi: differentiate for several organs

2. CONTROLS THE TRANSPORTATION • SJ controls the ascending-descending and entering-exiting of Qi in all Za ng Fu

AND PENETRATION OF Ql
• SJ: avenue of all types of Qi

• SJ: the official in charge of irrigation

3. CONTROLS THE WATER PASSAGES • Controls the transportation and excretion of fluids from the body
AND THE EXCRETION OF FLUIDS U.J. MJ. L.J.
I sweat I ST fluid I urine I
• SJ: function of maintaining free passage (tong) and of 'letting out' or excreting (ch u)

Let out
4. AS ONE OF THE SIX YANG ORGANS
U.J. Defensive Qi
(has form)
M.J. Nutritive Qi
L.J. Fluid

,.z
(I)
S. AS A 'MOBILIZER OF THE ORIGINAL
Ql (YUAN Ql)' (has no form)
• SJ : mobilizes Yuan Qi emerging from Ming-Men to make it differentiate in its differen t
forms in different parts of the body for different functions

c. Three Divisions SJ and Fluids Qi

;; 6. SJ AS THE THREE DIVISIONS OF U.J. LU, HT, PC (above the diaphragm) fog (sweat) Zong Qi
0 THE BODY M.J. SP, ST, GB {diaphragm to umbilicus) froth {ST fluids) Ying Qi
L.J. LV, KD, UB, Sl, Ll {below the umbilicus) ditch (urine) Yuan Qi

Cavity Entering and Exiting Qi of

Chest cavity Zong Qi (Gathering Qi)
7. SJ AS BODY CAVITIES Abdominal cavity Membranes
Space between skin and muscle Wei Qi {Defensive Qi)
Joint cavity Joint capsules

8. MENTAL ASPECTS • Fire nature (with PC): SJ assists the Mind (Shen) and Hun (Ethereal Soul)
• Wood nature (with GB): SJ assists the LV in ensuring the smooth flow of emot ions

9. DREAMS • Dreams of flying: indicate Emptiness in the Lower Jiao

• Dreams of falling: indicate Ful lness in the Lower Jiao

• As channels: symmetrical, SJ (Shaoyang) and PC (Jueyin) are 'hinge'

10. PC & SJ RELATIONSH IP • Affect the mental-emotional st ate: Minister Fire rises towards these two channels
• SJS (Other Pass): Yang Wei I PC6 (Inner Pass): Yin Wei
• SJ: Ministerial Fire I PC: connects to HT (Fire)

Zang Fu I Sl, SJ
24 FUNDAMENTAL
1. CONTROLS RECEIVING
2. CONTROLS THE 'ROTTING AND
RIPENING' OF FOOD (R&R)
3. CONTROLS THE TRANSPORTATION
OF FOOD ESSENCES
4. CONTROLS THE DESCENDING OF
Ql
5. IS THE ORIGIN OF FLUIDS
6. MENTAL ASPECT
7. DREAMS
8. SP & ST RELATIONSHIP
1. CONTROLS PASSAGE AND
CONDUCTION
2. TRANSFORMS STOOLS AND
REABSORBS FLUIDS
3. MENTAL ASPECT
4. DREAMS
5. LU & Ll RELATIONSHIP
Zang Fu I ST, Ll
• ST receives food and drink and holds them down
• 'Receiving' also has a relationship with the appetite
• ST is called the 'Great Granary' and the 'Sea of Food and Drink'
• ST macerates food to break it down
• ST prepares for SP to separate and extract essence from food
• ST is the origin of Qi and Blood as Food-Qi (Gu Qi) is extracted from the ST
• Strong ST-Qi: good prognosis
• Weak ST-Qi: poor prognosis
• ST transports food essence all over the body and particularly to the limbs
• SP/ST are responsible for transportation to limbs
• If impaired: the person will feel tired and the limbs will feel weak
• ST transports the Qi of Food to the pulse
• Tongue coating: ST transports 'dirty damp' to tongue, producing a normal coating
• ST descends transformed food down to Sl
• Rebellious: sour regurgitation, belching, hiccup, nausea and vomiting
• ST is in the center and the descending of its Qi is essential
• LV Qi helps the descending of ST Qi
• ST is in the origin of fluids through its process of maceration of food and drink
• ST fluid deficiency: leading to Yin deficiency
• In relation to fluids: ST is the Gate to KD
• To R&R, ST needs lots of fluids
• Liquid part of food and drink condenses to form Jin-Ye
• ST easily suffers from Fire or Phlegm-Fire
• Fire easily agitates Mind and causes mental symptoms
• Serious: shutting oneself in the house, closing all doors and windows, wanting to
be by oneself, uncontrolled talking, laughing or singing, violent behaviour and taking
off of one's clothes (manic behavior)
• Mild: mental confusion, severe anxiety, hypomania and hyperactivity.
• Deficiency: dreams of having a large meal (Suwen Ch.43)
f' f"L ···'·• ·. ''\\ . Sf;\ ·..... )'; ·•. .. . ':;. ·.· · .· ............. ;'(~;;:;§/")~;; j;, >C)
Qi descends Qi ascends
likes wetness & dislikes dryness likes dryness & dislikes wetness
if ST too dry, Qi can't descend if SP too damp, Qi can't ascend
easily suffers from Excess easily suffers from Deficiency
prone to Heat prone to Cold
suffers from Yin deficiency suffers from Yang deficiency
• Receives food and drink from Sl and extracts water from food
• Excretes Stools
• Transforms digested food to form stools
• Reabsorbs some of the fluids
• Ll influences our capacity for 'letting go' and for not dwelling in the past
• Deficiency: dreams of open fields (Suwen Ch.43)
• The descending of LU Qi aids the downward movement of Ll
• LU's descending role deficiency: constipation
• LU's ability to send Qi downwards depends on Ll's role in excreting waste food
• Ll's excreting role Deficiency: breathlessness
• As LU control the skin, the Ll also has an influence on it
 FUNDAMENTAL 25

• UB receives clear fluids from Sl, and transforms these into urine, which is excreted
1. REMOVES WATER BY Ql
TRANSFORMATION • Qi transformation: The power for fluids transformation

m
• Other organs that work with UB: Sl, HT, SJ, LV, LU

~ 2. MENTAL ASPECT • In adults: feeling of jealousy, suspicion, long-standing grudges

Cl
Cl • In children: fears, anxieties or insecurities which leads to a sinking of UB Qi

m
::a 3. DREAMS • Deficiency: dreams of voyages (Suwen Ch.43)

4. KD & UB RELATIONSHIP • KD and Mingmen-Fire give UB the Qi and heat for fluids transformation

• KD relies on UB to move and excrete some of their 'dirty' fluids

ZANG-FU

FIRE

METAL

DREAMS

EXCESS DEFICIENCY
ZANG
SUWEN CH.43/CH.17 SUWEN CH.80/CH.43 SUWEN CH.SO

LV • Being angry {Ch .17) •• Very fragrant mushroom (Ch.80)

Forests in the mountains (Ch.43)
• Spring: lying under a tree without
being able to get up

HT • Laughing (Ch.43) •• Fires (Ch.80)

Mountains, fire and smoke (Ch.43) • Summer: volcanic eruptions

SP • Singing and being very heavy (Ch.43)

•• Being hungry (Ch .80)
Abysses in mountains and marshes
• Late summer: building a house
(Ch.43)

• White objects or about bloody

••
Weeping (Ch.17)
LU Worry and fear, or crying and flying
(Ch.43) •
killings (Ch.80)
Flying and seeing strange objects
made of gold or iron (Ch.43)
• Autumn: battles and war

KD • The spine is detached from the body

(Ch.43)
•• Swimming after a shipwreck (Ch.80)
Being immersed in water (Ch.43)
• Winter: plunging in water and being
scared

EXCESS DEFICIENCY
FU
SUWEN CH.17 SUWEN CH.43

GB • Fights, trials and suicide

••
Parasites - crow ds
Sl
Long intestinal parasites - fights and mutual destruction • Large cities

ST
• Having a large meal

Ll • Open field

UB • Voyages

Zang Fu I UB
26 FUNDAMENTAL

YIN ORGAN INTER-RELATIONSHIPS

HT & LU HT & LV
Mother direct soul

Commander embrace mind

HT & KD LV & LU
direct descend descend

mat erial base ascend ascend

LV & SP LV & KD
nourish

produce

SP & KD

ascend basis

LU & KD SP & HT
descend move

Zang Fu I Inter-Relationships
 FUNDAMENTAL 27

SIX EXTRAORDINARY YANG ORGANS

DEFINITION· They function like a YIN organ but have the shape of a YANG organ
'
EXTRAORDINARY
FUNCTIONS
YANG ORGANS
• Regulates menstruation
UTERUS -T-~(Xf;5)
• Houses the fetus during pregnancy
• In men, the prostate is the organ equivalent to the Uterus in women
"""'
BRAIN Hi!\(Il) • Controls intelligence
~
• Is the sea of Marrow and it controls the senses of sight, hearing, smell and taste "',...a.
• Fi lls the bones 0
MARROW 0(*) • Contributes to making Blood
"'0
• Nourishes the Brain m
"'"'
BONES ~(~) • Are the structural framework of the body
"':::>
• Are the cavity that houses Marrow and are functionally related to the KD n
"'
BLOOD VESSELS Jli(Q.Ij) • Houses Blood and are the vehicle for the circulation of Qi and Blood
• Transport refined food essences, Qi and Blood all over the body

• GB is considered an Extraordinary Yang Organ because, unlike other Yang organs, it stores a 'pure'
substance (bile) and does not deal with food, drink or waste products
GALL BLADDER l!fi(Et)
• The main significance is on a psychological level: GB affects our capacity to make decisions and our
courage to act on them
• The Qi of GB (this being a Yang organ) gives the Ethereal Soul (Hun) the capacity for 'movement'

UTERUS AND INTERNAL ORGANS

HT
I Promotes transformation of Yin-Yang C C Makes Blood
SP
I I Bao Mai J!Plll!(:!t Q.lj)
u
C Via Chong
T ST

LV I Provides Blood C E c Provides Yin

REN MAl
I I R
u c Moves Blood
CHONG MAl

I Provides Essence and Minister Fire C s c Provides Yang

KD DU MAl
I I Bao Luo J!Pl~( :!t~)

THE FOUR PHASES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4

Period Postmenstrual Mid-cycle Premenstrual
c c
Yang ~ Yin Yin ~ Yang

KD-ESSENCE, MARROW, SPINAL CORD AND BRAIN

BRAIN
[]
SPINAL CORD
[ ] fills
MARROW BONE MARROW
[]
KD ESSENCE

Zang Fu I Extraordinary Organs

28 FUNDAMENTAL

THE CAUSES OF DISEASE

INTERNAL CAUSES EXTERNAL CAUSES OTHER CAUSES

rJ;J~tsi(UI~) 9i-ltsi(2l~) 1'rJ;J~tiZ5l(~UI2l [>..!)

EMOTIONS CLIMATES
1. Anger 1. Wind 1. Constitution
2. Joy 2. Cold 2. Over-exertion
3. Pensiveness 3. Fire 3. Excessive sexual activity
4. Worry 4. Summer-Heat 4. Improper diet
5. Sadness (Grief) S. Dampness 5. Traumatic injury
6. Fear 6. Dryness 6. Parasites and poisons
7. Shock (Fright) 7. Wrong treatment

SEVEN EMOTIONS

SEVEN EMOTIONS AND Ql MECHANISM

AFFECT Ql DIRECTION AFFECT Ql SPEED AFFECT Ql AMOUNT

WORRY &
ANGER FEAR JOY SADNESS SHOCK
PENSIVENESS

CAM Rise up Decline Slow down Stagnate Consume De range

FCM Ascend Descend Relax Knot Dissolve Scatter

SEVEN EMOTIONS AND EFFECTS

ANGER JOY PENSIVENESS WORRY SADNESS FEAR SHOCK

EMOTIONS
e(!:.::) ii~ ) }i!:',(Af) ;J: (!i" ) ,lll:',(Af) ~(~) li('EJ)
INJURED
ORGAN
•
LV
•
HT
•
SP
•
LU
•
KD
FIVE
ELEMENT
Wood Fire Earth Metal Water

)> • Head • Head • SP • LU • LU • Head

• Head
::0
m • Neck • HT • SP • HT • HT
)>
• Shoulder • KD

• headache • insomnia • poor appetite

• discomfort in • breathlessness • insomnia
• insomnia

• red face •t1 overexcited

• epigastric chest
• discomfort in • agitation • palpitations
m
.....
..... • dizziness J>alpi~<Jtio~ ~ discomfort
• breathlessness chest
• red face • breathlessness
m
!:I "'s:-< • tinnitus
• abdominal • tense shoulder tl p~lpi~<Jti()~
"' ::!l • stiff neck distention
• epigastric • nocturnal
0
s: • stiff shoulder discomfort enuresis

"' • abdominal
distention
• incontinence
of urine

• diarrhea

Disease I Causes
 FUNDAMENTAL 29

SIX CLIMATES

Yin SYMPTOMS
CLIMATES ORGAN SEASON CHARACTERS
Yang
Aversion to cold, fever, sore th roat, sneezing,
•• Beginning of 100 diseases
Upward, outward dispersion
Skin

Channel
runny nose, occipital stiffness, floating pulse
Stiffness, rigidity, sudden muscle contraction
WIND + LV SPRING
•• Rapid change
Constant movement Joint
Joint pain that moves from place to place, esp. in
the upper part of the body (Wind-Bi)

•• Burning and upward direction

Consumes Yin fluid General
Aversion to heat, high fever, sweating, mental
confusion, thirst, overflowing-rapid pulse, red
FIRE +
• Stirs up Wind and disturbance
of blood
tongue with yellow coating

••
HT SUMMER Extreme heat
Upward direction, dispersion Aversion to cold, fever, sweating, headache, dark
SUMMER and consumes body fluids General
+ urine, thirst, floating-rapid pulse
HEAT
• Frequently combined with
Damp
Sinew Heavy limbs, dull ache of the muscles

LATE
•• Heaviness and turbidity
Viscosity and stagnation
Joint
Pain, heaviness and swelling of the joints, esp. of
the lower part of the body (Damp-Bi)
DAMPNESS - SP SUMMER • Impairs Yang and obstructs Qi Acute urinary discomfort, acute vaginal discharge,
circulation Other acute skin disease with vesicles or papules, acute
digestive upsets

DRYNESS + LU AUTUMN
•• Consumes body fluid
Impairs the function of the General
Acute dry cough, aversion to cold, fever, dry
mouth and nose
Lung, the "delicate" Zang
Stiffness, contraction of muscles, pain, and
Sinew
chilliness

COLD - KD WINTER •• Consumes Yang Qi

Contraction and stagnation
Joint Severe joint pain (Cold-Bi)
ST: sudden epigastric pain with vomiting
ST, ll, ll: sudden abdominal pain w ith diarrhea
Uterus
Uterus: acute dysmenorrhea

THE CONCEPT OF DISEASE

ORIENTAL MEDICINE VS WESTERN MEDICINE .

ORIENTAL MEDICINE WESTERN MEDICINE

Nausea C Disease Nausea C Symptom

Pattern: many patterns Disease: M any diseases

(i.e. ST Yin deficiency, Food retention, etc.} (i.e. Meniere's disease, Gastritis, etc.}

DISEASES

One TCM dz. c Many WESTERN dz. One WESTERN dz. c Many TCM dz.

-+ Angina pectoris -+ Excessive hunger

DIABETES
CHEST PAIN -+ Asthma
MELLITUS -+ Fatigue

-+ Cholecystitis -+ Irritability

PATTERNS

One TCM d z. c M any TCM patterns One TCM pattern c Many TCM dz.

-+ Damp-Heat -+ Pa lpitation

DIARRHEA -+ Food Retention HT FIRE -+ Insomnia

-+ SP Qi deficincy -+ Mental rest lessness

Disease I Concept
30 FUNDAMENTAL

TREATMENT PRINCIPLE

TREATMENT SEQUENCE

• Eight Principles
• Qi,Biood,Body Fluids
• Zang Fu MANIFESTATION
• Observation
• Pathogenic Factors (BIAO ),f)
•
•
Interrogation
Hearing/Smelling
c • Five Elements c c c TREATMENT
PRINCIPLE
• Channels ROOT
• Palpation
• Shang Han Lun (BEN ~' )
• Wen Bing Lun
• Three Burners

DIAGNOSIS ID of PATTERNS l iD of BEN & BIAO I ID of SHI & XU I TREATMENT

BEN (ROOT) & BIAO (MANIFESTATION) 'IJ:<!<fTIJ'i'!l

~

TREAT CASE EXAMPLE

BEN ONLY • Wh en t he clinical manifestation of the BIAO are

few and mild • SP XU (BEN) > Damp (BIAO)

BEN & BIAO

• When BIAO produces severe symptoms/signs
• SP XU (BEN) = Damp (BIAO)

BIAO ~ BEN
• When BIAO symptoms are urgent; acute case •• SP XU (BEN) < PHLEGM (BIAO)
Blood Stasis (BEN ) < Dysmenorrhea (BIAO)

1. TREAT EACH BEN

• Multiple BEN, each giving rise to different BIAO
• LV Fire (BEN) + Exterior Cold (BIAO)

MULTIPLE
BEN & BIAO
2. TREAT BEN
• One BEN giving rise to different BIAO
• SP Qi XU (BEN) + Edema, Blood XU (BIAOs)

3. TREAT BEN/BIAO • BEN coincides with BIAO

• Knee Trauma (BEN = BIAO)

ZHENG-QI (UPRIGHT Ql) & XIE-QI (PATHOGENIC FACTORS) :i:UB ( ~ Afl

TREAT CASE EXAMPLE

TONIFY ZHENG • When purely XU pattern • SP Qi and Blood XU

• • Wind-Cold
EXPEL XIE When purely SHI pattern
• LV Fire

1. TONIFY ZHENG ~ EXPEL XIE • When Interior (XU) > Exterior (SHI) • Very weak elderly person with Chronic
bronchitis (XU) > Wind-Cold (SHI)

ZHENG/XIE 2. EXPEL XIE ~ TONIFY ZHENG • When Exterior (SHI) > Interior (XU) • Wind-Heat (SHI) + Qi deficiency (XU)

••
LV Yin deficiency (XU) + LV Yang Rising (SHI)
3. TONIFY 2HENG + EXPEL XIE • When XU + SHI SP Qi deficiency (XU) + Damp (SH I)

Disease I Treatment Principle

 CHAPTER2

Diagnosis
 DIAGNOSIS 33

FOUR DIAGNOSTIC METHODS

CAM lm~~ FCM

Inspection ~ (gj") Observati on

Auscultation and Olfaction r9 (§' ) Hearing and Smelling

Inquiring ro, (§' ) Interrogatio n

Palpation t;}] (@! ) Palpation

OBSERVATION li:!~~ ( gte!)

1. Spirit 2. Body 3. Demeanor 4. Head & Face 5. Eyes 6. Nose 7. Ears

8. Mouth & Lips 9. Teet h & Gums 10. Th roat 11. Limbs 12. Skin 13. Tongue 14. Channel

OBSERVATION OF SHEN (SPIRIT)

WITH SPIRIT WITHOUT SPIRIT

Complexion Has lust er No luster, du ll
Eyes Have luster and brightness Dull and clouded
State of Mind Alert and clear Dull and depressed
Breathing Even Labored

FIVE-ELEMENT BODY TYPES

WOOD TYPE FIRE TYPE EARTH TYPE METAL TYPE WATER TYPE
~ ~r.e.e_n is~ ~?lllPie.~i ()n. ...... ~ ~e.d.d. i~~ C()r.n.ple.~i?_n ......... ~V.e.II()\'Ji~~ C()f11ple.xio_n ..... · ~ale ~()lllPIE!~i()_n . . . .... ~[)a r~ ~?lllPif:!X.i()n.
• Small head ...................................".~?.i.n..~f:!.d_, ~llla ll h(;!~d ......... •_Lar~e____ h_ea_d.
. • Small head .................................. · L~r~(;! h(;!~d
•Lo_n~...f.~~l:!... . •Wide teeth ................. · ~()!Jnd. f.~~(;!, \'Jidf:!)a.\'>/s ~?.g!J~re. Ja~e • Broad cheeks
•Broad shoulders •Wide shou lders • Wide shoulders • Smal l shoulders • Narrow shoulders
• S~r.~ i~~t ~a~k, t~ ll ............. • \Ya l ~i _n~ ~ri~~ly .................... ~~a r~_e.... ~ b.d.o.r.n.e.n •Flat abdomen .......................... · L~ r~e. a~d.()rT1en.
• Si_"E!I,'/Y b()d.Y .......................... ~ ~!Jrly ~a ir ? r le~s hair --~-~ar.~E! thi~h~ a.n_d _ca lf .... ~ ?.~r() n~ \'? iC(;! .............................. ~L?ri~....~Pi_n_e. ....
• Small hands/feet • Small hands/feet • Wrinkly skin

Diagnosis I Observation
34 DIAGNOSIS

CORRESPONDENCE

PHYSIOGNOMY
Physiognomy in SU WEN Physiognomy in LING SHU

TONGUE AREAS & ORGANS

INFANT'S INDEX FINGER

Gate of life

Gate of Wind Exterior pathogenic factor and a mild disease

Gate of Qi Interior and rather more severe disease
Gate of Life Serious and life-threatening disease
• Bluish venules: Cold pattern • Red venules: Heat pattern

Diagnosis I Observation
 DIAGNOSIS 35

PATHOLOGICAL FACE COLORS

COLORS PATIERNS COMPLEXION
Excess Heat Whole face red
RED
Deficiency Heat Red cheekbones (malar flush) + tidal fever, night sweating
Blood Deficiency Dull white (withered)
WHITE Bright white (puffy, bloated appearance)
Yang Deficiency
{PALE)
Excessive Cold Bluish white
SP/ST Deficiency or Blood Deficiency Sallow yellow (pale-yellow without brightness)
Damp-Heat (with prevalence of Damp) Smoky, dull yellow
Cold-Damp in SP/ST Dull-pale yellow
YELLOW Long-standing Damp Ash-like yellow
ST Qi recovering after an illness Clear and moist yellow color in between the eyebrows
Poor prognostic sign Dried-up & withered-looking yellow color in between eyebrows
Jaundice Entire body (Yang type: bright orange I Yin type: smoky dark)
LV patterns, Interior Cold, Pain or LV Wind Green face
LV Fire Green complexion with red eyes
GREEN
Qi Stagnation with abdominal pain Green color on the nose
LV Qi Stagnation turning into Heat Dark-reddish-green complexion
Excess Cold or Chronic pain White-bluish (pale and blue tinge)
Severe HT Yang Deficiency Dull-bluish
BLUE
HT Blood stasis Blue-purplish face & lips + intermittent pain in precordial region
LV Wind (Infantile convulsion) Blue-purplish face & lips + high fever, violent movement of limbs
Cold, Pain, or KD disease (esp. KD Yin def.) Black
BLACK KD deficiency Dark and pale + lumbago, cold feet
{DARK Cold Black and moist
GREY) Heat Black and dried-up, burned looking
Blood stasis (prolonged) Dark complexion without brightness + scaly skin

EYE SIGNS
Dull or clouded Mind disturbance, weakened five organs, emotional problem
Red corner of the eye HT Fire
Dull-white corners Heat
Pale-white corners Blood deficiency
Red sclera LU Heat
EYE Yellow sclera Damp-Heat
Whole eye, red painful, swollen Wind-Heat or LV Fire
Swelling under the eyes KD deficiency
Grey and scattered spots like clouds Injuries causing Qi stagnation
Black spots surrounded by a grey, cloud-like halo Both Qi and Blood injuries
Red veins clearly visible and are spiral shaped Pain

LV SP

mn EYE ORGAN
r:io
)>::0 Corner Heart
::o=
mm
~~
Upper eyelid Spleen
,....z Lower eyelid Stomach
oo
m
oz Sclera Lung
::on
Clm Iris Liver
>o
z..., Pupil Kidney
V>

Diagnosis I Observation
36 DIAGNOSIS

NOSE I EARS I MOUTH & LIPS I TEETH & GUMS I THROAT SIGNS
Green or blue tip of the nose Abdominal pain from SP Cold
Yellow tip SP Damp-Heat
White tip Blood deficiency
Red tip Impairment of Water movement
Nose slightly moist and shiny Good prognosis
NOSE
Dry nose ST or Ll Heat
Dry and black nose Toxic-Heat
Clear watery discharge Cold pattern
Thick yellow discharge Heat pattern
Flaring of nostrils with high fever Extreme LU Heat
White ears Cold pattern
Bluish or dark ears Pain
Dry, withered, dark ear lobes KD Qi exhaustion (usually KD Yin)
Shiny and moist ear lobes Good prognosis
EARS Dry and withered ear lobes Poor prognosis
Swelling and pain of middle ear Heat in Shao Yang channels
Thin ear Qi or Blood deficiency
Long and full lobe Strong constitution
Small lobe Poor constitution
Pale red, moist and shiny lips Normal, good state of SP
Pale lips Yang or Blood deficiency
Red and dry lips SP/ST Heat
MOUTH Purple or bluish lips Blood stasis
& LIPS
Mouth slightly open Empty pattern
Breathing through mouth LU Qi deficiency
Greenish around the mouth LV Blood stasis or LV Qi stagnation
Swollen and painful gums ST Heat
Swollen but not painful gums ST Empty-Heat
Pale gums Blood deficiency
TEETH Good state of KD
Moist teeth
&GUMS
Dry teeth KD Yin deficiency
Bright and very dry teeth Heat in Yang Ming (febrile disea se)
Dry and greyish teeth Empty-Heat from KD Yin deficiency
Deep red Heat (interior or exterior)
Pale red Empty-Heat
Acute pain, redness and swelling of throat Invasion of Wind-Heat
Chronic pain, redness and swelling of the throat ST Heat
"1:1
::1: Chronically sore and dry throat (not swollen or red) LU/KD Yin deficiency with Empty-Heat
)>
::a Pale-red throat Empty-Heat affecting the LU/KD channels
<
z
X Erosion, redness and swelling Full-Heat in ST and Intestines
-t Erosion, swelling, yellowish red Toxic-Heat
::1:
::a Chronic erosion that comes and goes Empty-Heat
0
~ Chronic dryness and erosion with greyish ulcers Severe Yin deficiency
Chronic erosion with ulcers that are raised Blood stasis with Phlegm-Heat
Swollen tonsils of a normal color Damp/Phlegm retention with Qi deficiency
Chronically red and swollen tonsils Heat or Toxic-Heat often in the ST/LI channel
az
VI
Acutely red and swollen tonsils Invasion of Wind-Heat with accompanying Toxic-Heat
Either chronic Heat in ST/LI ch. or Empty-Heat in LU ch.
e; Chronic red and swollen tonsils (comes and goes)
Acutely red and swollen tonsils with exudate Wind-Heat, complicated by Toxic-Heat in ST/LI channel
Greyish tonsils Acute stage of glandular fever (mononucleosis)

Diagnosis I Observation
 DIAGNOSIS 37

LIMBS I SKIN I LUO-CHANNEL SIGNS

SWELLING
•• Damp Bi
Damp-Heat Joints red and hot to touch
• Damp Bi against a background of LV Blood deficiency

LU Yang deficiency Pitting edema of the hands

KD Yang deficiency Pitting edema of the feet
SP Yang deficiency Pitting edema of the four limbs
EDEMA
Dampness Edema of the four limbs (Damp-Heat or Damp-Cold)
Qi stagnation Edema of the four limbs (non-pitting)
Wind-Water invading LU Acute edema of the hands and face

•• LU
SP
Heat injuring body fluids (acute)
and ST Damp-Heat
FLACCIDITY
•• SP
KD
and ST deficiency
Yin deficiency

•• Invasion of External Wind (acute)

LV Yang rising
•• LV Wind (elderly)
Bi syndrome with Damp&Phlegm (Rigidity accompanied by swelling and pain of joint)
!:
;::
RIGIDITY
•• Phlegm with Internal Wind in the channels (Inability to flex joints in elderly)
Blood stasis (Rigidity accompanied by pain in joints or muscles, worse at night)
ID
(I)
•• LV and KD Yin deficiency
SP and KD Yang deficiency
!!!
Q
z
•• SP and ST deficiency
Qi and Blood deficiency
(I)
PARALYSIS •• LV and KD Yin deficiency
Dampness in the muscles

••
Blood stasis
Phlegm and internal Wind in the channels

•••
Invasion of wind (acute)
Dampness in the muscles
CONTRACTION
Heat injuring fluids in the muscles
• LV Blood or LV Yin deficiency
Tremor of the hands LV Wind

TREMOR
Tremor of the four limbs in
the elderly
•• LV Wind and Phlegm affecting the channels
LV/KD Yin deficiency
Fine tremor in women LV Wind deriving from LV Blood deficiency
Mild, fine tremor of the limbs General Qi and Blood deficiency
SPASTICITY Blood level in Warm-febrile dz. -7 depletes Yin -7 leading to LV Wind
Bluish venules ST Cold
Bluish and short venules Empty pattern
THENAR EMINENCE
Red venules ST Heat
Purple venules ST Blood stasis
Dry Skin LV Blood deficiency
Itchy skin W ind
Pitting edema KD Yang deficiency
Non-pitting edema Qi stagnation
(I) Bright yellow skin Yang Jaundice from Damp-Heat
25 Dull yellow skin Yin Jaundice from Cold-Damp
z
(I) Red venules Heat in Blood
t5 Purple venules Blood stasis
z
(I) Green venules Pain
Blue venules Cold in Blood
Papules Heat in LU/ST
Vesicles Dampness
Macules Blood level disharmony (Red: Blood-Heat I Purple: Blood stasis I Bluish: Blood-Cold)
n Greenish Qi stagnation or pain
no Reddish Heat in the channel
::tz
,.z Bluish Cold in the channel
Zm
zn
m-t
Feeling of Heat or Cold Retention of Heat or Cold respectively
r-- Muscle flaccidity Deficient condition; often seen in Atrophy syndrome
cnzQ Muscle rigidity or hardness Excess condition due to Cold retention in the Channel or to LV Qi stagnation

Diagnosis I Observation
38 DIAGNOSIS

TONGUE DIAGNOSIS i!i~~~~l

CAM

PALE
• Deficiency type : Cold syndrome caused by Yang Qi deficiency I Qi and Blood deficiency

c
RED
• Heat syndrome : Interior excess or deficiency

0 DEEP RED • Extreme Heat : Exogenous - Invasion of the Ying and Blood levels by pathogenic Heat
Endogenous - Yin deficiency leading to Fire
L
0
• Blue Purple : Blood stasis due to Cold or Heat
R
PURPLE • Deep Blue-Purple, Dry and Lusterless : Blood stasis due to Heat

• Pale Purple, Moist : Blood stasis due to Cold

• Purplish Spots on the tongue surface : Blood stasis

• Delicate in quality, Pale in color, Teethmarks : SP or KD Yang def. producing harmful water

-1
SWOLLEN
• Deep Red in color, occupying the entire space of the mouth : Excessive Heat in HT or SP
0
z • Blue Purplish, Dark : Toxicosis
(i)
c THIN • Pale : Qi and Blood deficiency

.,
m • Deep Red, Dry : Fire due to Yin deficiency

.,m0
::11:1 • Deep Red : Excess Heat
CRACKED • Pale : Blood deficiency

::11:1 F • Normal : Not deep and remain there all the time unchanged

0
THORNY • Red : Internal Accumulation of pathogenic Heat
R
M
• The more severe pathogenic Heat is, the more enlarged and profuse the thorns will be

DEVIATED
• Wind-stroke or early threatening signs of Wind-stroke

• Exogenous : Invasion of the PC by Heat

Retention of turbid phlegm in the interior
RIGID
Excessive pathogenic Heat consuming body fluids

• Endogenous : Wind-stoke or Early signs of Wind-stroke

• Extreme Qi and Blood deficiency or Consumption of Yin fluids

FLACCID
• Pale : Qi and Blood deficiency

• Deep Red : Yin collapse

THICK/THIN • Thin : Superficial portion I Deficiency of Anti-pathogenic Qi

Q
• Thick : Deeper progression I Retention of Damp, Food

u MOIST/DRY • Dry : Consumption of body fluids, Excess Heat, or Yin deficient Heat
A • Excessive Moisture, saliva dribbles (Slippery) :Harmful Water and Damp
L
STICKY/ • Sticky (hard to scrub, greasy) : Retention of Damp, Phlegm, or Food
I
T GRANULAR • turbid ST Qi upward, also Retention of Phlegm or Food : Excessive Yang Heat brings
Granular (coarse & soybean curds, easily scrubbed, pasty)

-1
y
0
z PEELED • Partially (geographic) :Consumption of ST Qi and Yin
(i)
cm
• Entire (Mirror, Glossy) :Exhaustion of ST Yin, Severe damage of ST Qi

WHITE • Thin :Exterior Cold or Normal

n
0
• Thick :Interior Cold

~
:::! YELLOW • Interior Heat : The deeper yellow the coating is the more the severe pathogenic Heat is

z
(i) c • light Yellow: Mild Heat I Deep Yellow:Severe Heat I Accumulation of Heat
Burnt Yellow:

0 • Interior Heat, Cold orInterior

Damp
L GREY • Yellowish and Dry : Excessive Heat
0 • Ca n develop to Greyish or Black
Whitish and Moist : Retention of Cold or Damp
R •
• Usually progression of YellowExtreme
Extreme Interior condition : Heat or extreme cold

BLACK • or Grey
• Yellowish and Dry, Possibly with thorns : Extreme Heat
• Pale and Slippery : Excessive Cold due to Yang deficiency

Diagnosis I Observation
 DIAGNOSIS 39

TONGUE DIAGNOSIS IN CHINESE MEDICINE

GIOVANNI

1 . ASPECTS OF TONGUE DIAGNOSIS

TONGUE SPIRIT • Significance: Good or Poor prognosis

COLOR • Significance: Condition of Yin organs, Blood and Ying Qi, Stagnation of Qi and Blood
TONGUE • 8 Principles: Cold/Heat, Yin/Yang
BODY
SHAPE • Significance: Yin Organs, Qi and Blood

• 8 Principles: Deficiency/Excess

COLOR • Significance: Heat/Cold condition

• 8 Principles: Cold/Heat

MOISTURE • Significance: Condition of body fluids

• 8 Principles: Cold/Heat, Yin/Yang

TONGUE
THICKNESS • Significance: Strength of pathogenic factor or weakness of body's Qi
COATING • 8 Principles: Deficiency/Excess

DISTRIBUTION • Significance: Location and progression of pathogenic factor

• 8 Principles: Interior/Exterior

ROOT • Significance: Strength of body's Qi, esp. ST and KD Qi

• 8 Principles: Deficiency/Excess

• The tongue body color almost always reflects the true 8 principle pattern

• Most useful gauge for monitoring the improvement or decline of the patient's condition
TONGUE DIAGNOSIS • The topography of the tongue is a subject of fairly general agreement

• Relatively objective in comparison with other techniques

• Rather easy to learn, compared to pu lse diagnosis

• ANTIBIOTICS: peeled in patches (tend to injure ST Yin)

• CORTICOSTEROIDS: red and swollen (after about one month of administration)

EFFECT OF MEDICINE • BRONCHODIALATORS: tongue tip to become red (after prolonged and continued use)

• DIURETICS: peeled (reflecting Yin deficiency)

• ANTI-INFLAMMATORY: red points, make the tongue body thinner, peeled (after prolonged use)

• ANTJ-NEOPLASTJCS (CYTOTOXIC DRUGS): very thick brown or even black and dry coating

2. TONGUE-BODY COLOR

NORMAL • Pale: sufficient fluids from ST reaching the tongue

• Red: supply of blood from HT

• Slightly dry: Blood deficiency

PALE • Wet: Yang Xu I* Note: Young children's tongues are naturally paler and wetter than those of adu lts)

• Bright, shiny: Qi and Blood deficiency particularly of SP/ST

• With coat: Heat in Nutritive or Blood levels

• Without coat: Yin deficiency with Heat

• Wet : Heat with Damp retention

• Dry: Deficient heat and Body fluid exhaustion

• Shiny: ST/KD Yin deficiency

RED • Red points or spots: Heat with Blood stasis

• Prickles: Heat in Ying level or U.J. or L.J .

• Purple spots in center: Blood stasis and Heat in ST

• Peeled: Heat from ST/KD Yin deficiency

• Purple: Heat and Blood stasis

• Purple distended: Extreme Heat with Blood stasis and Toxin from alcohol injuring HT

DEEP RED (SCARLET) • Dark red: LU or HT Yin deficiency

• Dark red w ith a dry center: ST Fire blazing, ST Yin deficiency with Heat

REDDISH • Reddish: Blood stasis from internal Heat

PURPLE • Reddish, distended: Extreme Heat with Blood stasis and Toxin from alcohol injuring in HT

BLUISH • Bluish: Blood stasis from internal Cold

• Bluish, moist: Blood stasis from internal LV/KD, Cold stiffening tendons/bones

• Blue: Severe internal Cold with Blood stasis

• Without coat: Severe internal Cold with stasis and exhaustion of blood
BLUE • Central surface: SP Yang deficiency with Ph legm retention in the chest

• In pregnancy: Danger of imminent miscarriage

• Distended veins on underside of tongue: Deficiency, Qi stagnation, or Blood stasis (if dark)

Diagnosis I Observation
40 DIAGNOSIS

3. TONGUE-BODY SHAPE

NORMAL • Soft, supple, extended easily, form tapers off toward tip, no cracks, not too thin/swollen, no quivers
• Shrunken, red: Yin deficiency
THIN
• Shrunken, pale: Blood deficiency
e Whole Tongue: SP/KD Yang deficiency with Damp, SP/ST D-H, HT/ST Heat

•
•
•
(red), Alcoholic toxic (red), Toxin
Edges: SP Qi/Yang deficiency
Sides: Ascendant LV Yang or LV Fire
Tip: HT Fire blazing (red color) or HT Qi deficiency (normal color)
0
<::=:::::::>
Edges I Side,cs................. 1
SWOLLEN • Between tip and center: LU Qi deficiency with Phlegm retention
•
•
•
•
•
Along central crack: HT Fire (red color) or HT Qi deficiency (normal color)
Half of the tongue: Weakness of the channels
Localized swelling on one sides: Deficiency or Qi st agnation in chest
Half surface swollen: LU Qi deficiency
Hammer shaped: ST, SP, KD deficiency
IJJ=
Along central crack

STIFF
•
•
•
Stiff: Blazing HT Fire
Red, or dark red: Exterior Heat invading PC
Red: Heat injuring Body fluids
• Normal color: Internal Wind alf __ <:Jf___ ~<l.ll!!.ll.e
.. _H_
W=' Q Localized one side
~----------~------------------------------------------------~

tJ
• Pale body: Exhausted Qi and Blood
FLACCID • Red body: Extreme Heat injuring fluids
• Limp, deep red: KD Yin deficiency with Heat

LONG • long : Blazing HT Fire, HT Phlegm-Fire Half surface Hammer shaped

• Pale body: SP Yang deficiency, internal Cold
• Red body: Heat stirring LV Wind
SHORT • Red body with coat: Body fluids insufficiency due to excess Heat
• Red body without coat: Deficiency Heat

f[} fi} f;] :u

• Pale with slippery coat: SP Yang deficiency with Damp and Phlegm
• Horizontal cracks: Yin deficiency
• like ice floes: Yin deficiency from old age
• Irregular: ST Yin deficiency
• Transverse on the Side: SP Qi/Yin deficiency
CRACKED
• Vertical in center: SP Qi deficiency
• long vertical reaching tip: HT, emotional disorders
Horizontal Ice Floes Irregular ITransverse side

'\[] \]] QIW

• Transverse behind tip: Prior LU dz, present LU Yin def.
• Deep central + small cracks: KD Yin def. with Heat
• Red body: Interior excess Heat
LOOSE • Red body, slippery coat: Phlegm-Fire clouding HT
• Pale body: HT Qi deficiency Vertical center Long vertical Transverse (LU) I Deep + small
• Normal color: Exterior Wind invading channels
DEVIATED • Red or normal color: Interior LV Wind
• Pale body: HT Qi deficiency
• Pale body: HT Blood deficiency
NUMB • Red or normal color: LV Wind
• Slippery coat: Wind-Phlegm
• Red body: HT Fire and internal Wind
MOVING
• Red and dry body: SP Heat with Body fluids exhaustion
• Pale body: SP Qi deficiency
• Red body: Extreme Heat generating internal Wind
QUIVERING
• Pale body: HT and SP collapse
• Pale and thin: Yang collapse

ROLLED
•
•
Tip rolled over: Excess Heat
Tip rolled down: Deficiency Heat c!}J ~
l

u
TOOTH MARKED • Tooth-Marked: SP Qi deficiency Rolled over Rolled under

ULCERATED • Red body: HT Fire blazing, SP and KD Heat

• Red and peeled: HT Heat, from KD Yin deficiency

SORE-COVERED • Red body: Heat Toxin in HT

• Red and peeled: Deficiency Heat Ulcerated

Diagnosis I Observation
 DIAGNOSIS 41

4. TONGUE-COATING QUALITY

MOISTURE
NORMAl • Slightly moist

• Coat puddled with moisture/wet/glossy: Excess fluids or Fluids stagnation

WET • White: Yang deficiency with Damp retention

• White, thin: Exterior Wind-Cold

DRY • Heat: Excess Heat or Yin deficiency

• Yang Xu: Yang deficiency with Damp retention, mouth is dry with no thirst, absence of thirst

• Excessive wetness with an oily appearance: Yang deficiency, Damp-Cold internal or external origin

SliPPERY • White: Pathogen is beginning to go into the Interior

• Greasy: Damp-Phlegm

• Greasy, thick: Damp-Phlegm retention and Cold

SliMY/GREASY • Thicker in the center than on the edges and cannot be scrapped off (rooted): Qi cannot transform Fluids and
then accumulates to form Phlegm (or D-H or D-C), caused by Yang deficiency

MOlDY • Thick and patchy (crumbly like cottage cheese) and can be scrapped off (no root): ST Heat, ST Yin deficiency

PEElED • Geographic: ST Yin deficiency

DISTRIBUTION
EXTERIOR • The coat will be on the outside around the center or on front of the tongue

INTERIOR • Reflects the location of the factor in accordance with tongue topography (organ correspondence)

THICKNESS
NORMAl • Thin white coat

THICK • Pathogenic factor, a condition of excess. The thicker the coating the stronger the pathogen .

THIN • Pathogenic factor is weak, the illness is in the initial stage

ROOT
ROOTED • Cannot be scraped off. Normal coat is rooted .

UN ROOTED • Can be scraped off easily

5. TONGUE-COATING COLOR

NORMAl • Thin white, moist

• Thin: Wind, Cold or Damp in the Exterior (or normal)

• Thin + slippery: Exterior attack of Damp-Cold

THIN • Thin + dry (pale body): Blood deficiency
• Thin + dry (normally wet): Yang deficiency
• Thin + dry (normal body color): Exterior attack of W-C or W-H, LU Fluid injured, Exterior Dryness attack

• Thick + w et: Exterior attack of Wind-Cold, interior Damp-Cold in M .J.

• Thick + dry: Dirty fluids in the interior with Heat

THICK • Thick + slippery: Damp in M.J., Cold with ST, Food retention
• Thick + greasy: Yang deficiency with Food or Damp retention
• Thick + greasy, slippery: SP Yang deficiency with Damp-Cold or slippery Phlegm
• Thick + greasy, dry: Damp with exhaustion of Body Flu ids or Heat

WHITE ROUGH • Rough and cracked: Attack of Summer-Heat injuring the Qi (Qi level)

STICKY • Sticky and greasy: Damp or Ph legm in M.J. (Interior), Exterior attack of Damp at the Qi level (Exterior)
• Cottage cheese/tofu: ST Heat

• like powder + slight red body on tip or sides: Exterior Heat

POWDER • like powder + red/scarlet body: Interior Heat
• like powder + red body: Externally contracted with Damp-Cold in M.J.

SNOW • like snow: SP Yang exhaustion with Damp-Cold in M .J.

MOlDY • Moldy: KD/ST Yin deficiency, Damp-Toxin in the interior

HAlf • Half white and slippery (Right): Half exterior and half-interior
• Half white and slippery (Left): LV Heat

Diagnosis I Observation
42 DIAGNOSIS

• Yellow or Pale-yellow: Exterior attack of W-H, W-C turning to Heat, D-H in the chest and M.J .
• Slippery/slimy: Damp-Heat
• Deep: Damp-Heat in ST/LI
• Yellow root, white tip: Exterior pathogenic factor just changing into Heat and penetrating to the interior
YELLOW • Bilateral yellow strips, remainder yellow: LV/GB Heat

• Bilateral yellow strips, remainder white: Exterior pathogen penetrating to the interior, Heat in ST/LI
• Half-yellow, half-white (longitudinally): LV/GB Heat
• Sticky and greasy: Heat and Phlegm

• Dry: Heat injured Fluids

GRAY • Wet, slippery: SP Damp-Cold

• Dry: Excess Heat

• Slippery and greasy: Damp-Cold in ST/LI

• Bilateral black on white (wet): Cold from deficiency of M.J .

• Bilateral black on white (dry): Excess Heat from ST/SP
BLACK • White coating, black points: Exterior pathogen penetrates to the Interior and is transforming to Heat

• White coating, black prickles: True Cold and False Heat, Cold turned into Heat

• Black in the center + white and slippery on sides: SP Yang deficiency with Damp-Cold in the Interior

• Dry and cracked: Exhaustion of KD, Yang deficiency with Interior Cold

White + Yellow • White in center + yellow around: Pathogens penetrating the interior and changing into Heat

• Yellow in center + white around: Interior Heat just starting to clear

• White, gray and moist: Damp-Cold in the interior

White + Gray • White, gray and dirty: Damp-Cold or Phlegm of long standing

• Half-white + half-gray: Half-exterior and half-interior

COMBINED White + black • White, black: SP Damp

• Yellow in center + black, slippery and greasy around: SP Damp-Heat

Yellow + Black • Yellow on sides + black prickles in center: Heat in the Yang brightness stage

• Yellow, dry and black in center to tip: Heat in ST/LI

White + Gray, Black • White in center + gray and black around: SP Damp

Yellow+ Gray • Yellow in center + gray around: Damp-Heat with Heat-injured Fluids

6. EIGHT PRINCIPLE ID
INTERIOR • Tongue body color and shape altered

INTERIOR/
EXTERIOR
EXTERIOR •
•
•
W-C: thin, white coating
W-H: thin, white in the initial stage, then yellow
White and slightly slippery coating on the right side e' 'U I ~

vu
...EJ<tf!ri()r(lnte~i()r .. l \A/~itl! .. ~i!:.h.t .. ()".''l..
HALF & HALF • Red tongue body with white coating on the tip only

• White coating on the tip and black/gray coating on the root

COLD • White coating

COLD/HEAT • Pale body (if deficiency)
HEAT • Red body, yellow coating White tip + Black/Grey root

• LU: slightly flaccid body, slightly swollen anterior

Ql • SP: tooth-marked

• ST: lack of coating in the center

• HT: pale body

• SP: pale body, white and wet coating

...n'"0 YANG • KD: pale and swollen body, white coating

;;; • HT: pale body, bluish purple if severe

z • SP: pale body, slightly dry

DEFICIENCY/ 1"'1
< BLOOD • HT: pale body, paler tip
EXCESS • LV: pale body, paler sides

• ST: no coating in center, dry, wide crack in the center

YIN • KD: red body, no coating, dry, cracks

• HT: red body, no coating anteriorly, redder tip

• LU: red body, no coating, cracks anteriorly

• HEAT: red body, thick yellow coating

'"
~ INTERIOR • BLOOD STASIS: purple body
'"
Ill • PHLEGM: thick, slippery, greasy coating
Ill
EXTERIOR • Thick coating

Diagnosis I Observation
 DIAGNOSIS 43

7. SHANG HAN, WEN BING, SAN JIAO PATTERNS

TAl YANG • BODY: unchanged

• COATING: thin and white, possibly more around the center or in the front third

YANG MING • BODY: red

• COATING: yellow, thick and dry

SHAO YANG • BODY: unchanged

• COATING: white and slippery on one side on ly, or white and gray or white and black

SHANG
TAl YIN • BODY: pale
HAN
• COATING: white

COLD • BODY: pale

SHAO YIN
• COATING: white

HEAT • BODY: red

• COATING: no coating

JUE YIN • BODY: pale

• COATING: white and yellow (because of both heat and cold signs)

WEI • BODY: slightly red on front and/or edges

• COATING: thin, white

Ql • BODY: red or normal

WEN • COATING: yellow
BING
YING • BODY: deep red

• COATING: no coating

XUE • BODY: deep red or reddish purple

• COATING: no coating

LU WIND-HEAT • BODY: slightly red on front and/or edges

• COATING: yellow coating

UPPER
lU HEAT • BODY: red
JIAO • COATING: yellow

PC HEAT • BODY: deep red, red points

• COATING: no coating

YANG MING HEAT •

SAN BODY: red
JIAO MIDDLE • COATING: yellow, dry
JIAO
SP DAMP-HEAT • BODY: red

• COATING: sticky, yellow

KD • BODY: deep red

LOWER • COATING: no coating
JIAO
LV • BODY: deep red

• COATING: no coating

8. IMBALANCE BETWEEN TIP/ROOT AND BETWEEN LEFT/RIGHT

BODY COLOR
TIP-ROOT • Tip and Root of different color: Qi or Blood stagnation

LEFT-RIGHT • Different color on left and right: Qi stagnation

TIP-ROOT • Whole tongue swollen, tip more so: long-term problem, imbalance between HT and KD

BODY SHAPE • Only tip swollen: overwork

LEFT-RIGHT • Only one side swollen, with red points: ipsilateral malnourishment of channels

COATING LEFT-RIGHT • Yellow coating on one side only: GB Heat affecting ST I ipsilatera l Phlegm in chest

MOISTURE
TIP-ROOT • Tip red & dry, root dirty & swollen: defective transformation of body fluids

LEFT-RIGHT • One side wetter: movement of Fluids in the chest, LU Qi problem

Diagnosis I Observation
44 DIAGNOSIS

HEARING AND SMELLING ll>'l~t( l'E~ l

HEARING

Loud voice Excess pattern

Weak voice Deficiency pattern
Reluctance to talk Cold pattern or LU Qi deficiency
Excessive talking Heat pattern
Sudden loss of voice Wind-Heat
VOICE Gradual loss of voice LU Qi/Yin deficiency
Shouting voice LV disharmony
Laughing voice HT disharmony
FIVE
Singing voice SP disharmony
ELEMENTS
Weepy voice LU disharmony
Groaning voice KD disharmony
Coarse, loud Excess pattern
BREATHING
Weak, thin Deficiency pattern
Loud and explosive Excess pattern
COUGHING Weak Deficiency pattern
Dry LU Yin deficiency

VOMITING, HICCUP, Loud sound Excess pattern

BORBORYGMUS, BELCHING Low sound Deficiency pattern

SMELLING

Rancid • (Goatish, Fetid) Wood

Scorched j (Burned) Fire
FIVE
Sweetish j (Fragrant) Earth
ELEMENTS
Rotten j (Rank, Rotten-fish) Metal
Putrid : (Urine, Rotten) Water
Strong, foul Heat
Absence of smell Cold
Bad breath ST Heat or Food retention
ODORS Strong, foul smell of stools/urine Heat/Damp
Sour Food retention, Accumulation Disorder (in children)
Foul, pungent SP/ST Damp-Heat
Rotten Ll Damp-Heat

Diagnosis I Hearing and Smelling

 DIAGNOSIS 45

INTERROGATION r.,~~ ~ ~Q!)

TRADITIONAL 10 QUESTIONS +ro,(~~) EXTRA QUESTIONS (MODERN)

1 Feelings of Cold and Heat ~~(e!gj) 11 Pain
2
3
Sweating
Head and Body
;t(~)

~fl!IJ· (~ ~)
+ 12
13
Emotional symptoms
Energy levels
4 Chest and Abdomen Jj{i]Jii((~~) 14 Sexual symptoms
5 Ears and Eyes £!:§( 0 1~)

6 Food and Drink iX~I*~l

7 Sleep ll!iit(*~l
8 Stools and Urine .::. 1~(01\"'!)

9 Women's symptoms !IW"Y:(-'? L1)

10 Children's symptoms ,H~(:t:Of)

1 . FEELINGS OF COLD AND HEAT

m Simultaneous chills and fever (chills > fever) Wind-Cold (Shang Han)
~
m Simultaneous chills and fever (fever > chills) Wind-Heat (Wen Bing)
:lO
0 Fever of Exterior origin, with objectively emanating heat Exterior pathogen has entered into the Interior
:lO Alternating chills and fever Shao Yang syndrome (Shang Han), GB Heat (Wen Bing)
Full Cold in ST Limbs and epigastrium feel cold
Full Cold in Intestines Legs and lower abdomen are cold
Full Cold in Uterus Lower abdomen fee ls cold
Yang deficiency of HT or LU Cold hands, sweaty hands
FEELING
SP/ST Yang deficiency Cold limbs and abdomen
OF COLD
KD Yang deficiency Cold legs, knees, feet, back
z
-t Qi stagnation Cold hands and feet and especially the fingers
m
:lO
0 HT Blood deficiency Cold hands and chest
:lO
LV Blood deficiency Cold feet
Fever without aversion to cold Interior Heat, Yang Ming Level (Shang Han)
Feeling of heat in the afternoon or evening Empty Heat
FEELING
Low grade fever worse in the afternoon Yin deficiency
OF HEAT
Consta nt low grade temperature Damp-Heat
Fever in the middle of the night Yin deficiency (adult), Food retention (children)
-,., FULL COLD EMPTY COLD
c
,..
,.. Intense feeling of cold and shivers Mild, persist ent cold feeling or tendency to feeling cold
81!0
r-m
Feels noticeably cold and relatively hard to touch Feels mildly cold to touch
03: Pain No pain
Full pulse Weak pulse
~ Sudden onset Slow, gradual onset

2 . SWEATING
Exterior • Sweating (Wind-Heat or Wind-Co ld)
EXCESS or • No sweating (Wind-Cold)
DEFICIENCY
Interior • Deficiency (Yang or Yin deficiency)

Only on head
• Excess (Heat, Damp-Heat)
ST Heat or Damp-Heat
Oily sw eat on forehead Yang collapse
AREA OF Only on arms and legs ST and SP deficiency
BODY Only on hands LU or HT Qi deficiency or nerves
Whole body LU Qi deficiency
On five palms (palms, soles, chest) Yin Deficiency

Diagnosis I Interrogation
46 DIAGNOSIS

Day time Yang deficiency

TIME OF DAY
Night time Yin deficiency, possibly Damp-Heat
CONDITION OF Yang collapse Profuse cold sweat during a severe illness
ILLNESS Danger of imminent death Oily sweat on forehead, like pearls, not flowing (Severe Yang collapse)
QUALITY OF Oily Severe Yang deficiency
SWEAT Yellow Damp-Heat

.
3-A HEAD
Recent Exterior Wind-Cold
ONSET
Gradual Interior pattern
Day time Qi or Yang deficiency
TIME Evening Blood or Yin deficiency
Night time Blood stasi s
Nape of neck Tai Yang channels (Wind-Cold or KD deficiency)
Forehead Yang Ming channels (ST Heat or Blood deficiency)
LOCATION Temples and Side Shao Yang channels (Exterior/Interior Wind or LV&GB Fire)
Vertex Jue Yin channel (usually from LV Blood deficiency)
:I: Whole head Exterior Wind-Cold
m
)>
c Heavy feeling Dampness or Phlegm
1!; Hurting inside or brain KD deficiency
:I:
m Distending (throbbing) LV Yang rising
CHARACTER
Boring Blood stasis
With muzziness, heaviness Dampness
With muzziness, heaviness, dizziness Phlegm
With aversion to wind or cold Exterior invasion
Worse by cold Cold pattern
Worse by heat Heat pattern
CONDITION
Worse by fatigue (improved by rest) Qi deficiency
Worse by emotional tension LV Yang rising
Aggravated by sexual activity KD deficiency
Internal Wind Severe giddiness when everything seems to sway and loses the balance
c LV Yang rising Dizziness with throbbing headache
;:3 Phlegm obstructing the head Dizziness with feeling of heaviness and muzziness in head
z
m Blood deficiency Slight dizziness aggravated when tired
II>
II> Sudden onset
Full pattern
Empty pattern Gradual onset
Wind-Heat (cheeks/jaws) Acute, severe, feeling of heat, headache, sore throat, chills&fever
..,
1!; Wind-Cold (cheeks/jaws) Acute, spastic pain, sneezing, dorsum of hands hot, runny nose
l" Damp-Heat (cheeks/forehead) Severe, red cheeks, greasy skin, sticky yellow/greenish nasal discharge
....
LV Fire (cheeks/forehead) Red cheeks, thirst, bitter taste, wiry & rapid pulse
~ Qi deficiency and Blood stasis (cheek) Intense, often unilateral pain, boring, long in duration, dark complexion
z
Trigeminal neuralgia LV Fire with LV/KD Yin deficiency
01SP/ST Qi deficiency not holding Blood Tiredness, poor appetite, loose stools
G'\J;; Inflamed gums, feeling of heat, thirst
C:m ST excess Heat
3:!2 Dry mouth, desire to drink in small sips
V>Z ST deficiency Heat
G'\ KD Yin deficiency with Empty Heat Dizziness, tinnitus, night sweating, malar flush
Full condition Ulcers that recur very frequently or are almost permanent

3: Empty condition Ulcers that come and go

0 Stomach excess Heat Very painful, red rimmed ulcers on the gums
c:
-1
:I: ST deficiency Heat Pale rimmed ulcers on the gums

....nc: HT Fire or HT deficiency Heat Ulcers on the tip of the tongue

m ST Heat Ulcers on the inside of the cheeks
::0
II> Disharmony of REN vessel Ulcers in pregnancy
KD Yin or Original Qi Deficiency Pale rimmed ulcers aggravated by overwork

Diagnosis I Interrogation
 DIAGNOSIS 47

.
3-B BODY
Exterior Wind invasion Sudden onset + chills and fever
Qi/Biood deficiency Pain all over + feeling of tiredness
I Blood deficiency Dull pain
WHOlE I
Postpartum Blood stasis Severe pain
BODY PAIN
LV Qi stagnation Pain in arms and shoulders only when walking
ST Heat Pain in all muscles + hot sensation of the flesh
Damp obstructing muscles Dull ache of limbs, heavy feeling
.... Wind Wandering from joint to joint
Cold Fixed and very painful
JOINT PAIN Dampness Fixed, with swelling and numbness
..
Damp-Heat With swelling and redness of the joints
. > Blood stasis Severe stabbing pain with rigidity
KD deficiency Continuous, dull, better with rest
Sprain causing Blood stasis Recent onset, severe, with stiffness
BACKACHE Wind-Cold-Damp Severe pain, aggravated during cold/damp weather, alleviated by heat
Blood stasis Boring pain with inability to turn the waist
·•.. Exterior Wind Pain in the back extending up to the shoulders
Blood deficiency Arms and legs, hands and feet on both sides
NUMINUS
Wind-Phlegm, Before wind-stroke Fingers (esp. first 3 fingers), elbow and arm on one side only

3-C. LIMBS
Deficiency of ST-Qi I Qi & Blood I KD Yang Weakness
Blood deficiency More tingling than numbness (esp. in women)
WEAK,_!$, Wind More numbness, often unilateral (esp. in elderly)
N ~~ Phlegm
11 Numbness with feeling of heaviness
Damp or Damp-Heat Numbness with swelling (esp. legs)
Qi and Blood stagnation Numbness with pain
Wind Pain wandering from joint to joint
Cold Severe pain in one joint
JOINT PAIN
Damp Dull ache with swelling and heaviness
. Damp-Heat Pain with redness, swelling and heaviness
OIFFICULw·IN SP/ST Qi deficiency Beginning stages
WALKING LV/KD Yin deficiency, or SP/KD Yang deficiency Atrophy
.··· , ..
Yang deficiency Cold hands ameliorated by heat
CO:LDHANDS HT Blood deficiency Cold hands with palpitations and dizziness
LV Qi stagnation Cold fingers and toes

.
4 CHEST AND ABDOMEN
HT Blood stasis Stabbing pain (usually Yang deficiency -7 HT Blood stasis)
CHEST LU Heat With cough with profuse yellow sputum
LU Phlegm, LV Qi stagnation Feeling of oppression
LV Qi stagnation Feeling of distension
HYPOCHONDRIUM
LV Blood stasis Stabbing pain
Dull pain, alleviated by eating Deficiency pattern
Severe pain, aggravated by eating Excess pattern
Severe Pain (excess patterns) Food retention, ST Fire, ST Phlegm-Fire, ST Blood stasis, LV-?ST
EPIGASTRIU!'!f Dull Pain (deficiency patterns) ST Qi deficiency, ST deficiency Cold
Feeling of fullness Dampness
Very slight feeling of fullness SP Qi deficiency
Feeling of distension LV Qi stagnation
Intestine, Uterus Internal Cold, LV Qi/Biood stagnation, Damp-Heat, Blood stasis
LOWER Excess Relieved by bowel movements
ABDOMEN
Deficiency Aggravated by bowel movements
UB Damp-Heat
~UM
LV -7 UB LV Fire infusing downwards to UB

Diagnosis /Interrogation
48 DIAGNOSIS

.
5 EARS AND EYES
Sudden Excess (usually LV Fire, LV Yang rising or LV Wind)
Onset
Gradual Deficiency (usually KD deficiency)
Excess Aggravated by pressing with one's hands on the ears
TINNITUS Pressure
Deficiency Alleviated by pressing with one's hands on the ears
~ High-pitch LV Yang rising, LV Fire or LV Wind (like a whistle)
I Noise
Low-pitch KD deficiency (like rushing water)
Sudden onset Excess condition (usually LV Fire, LV Yang rising or LV Wind)
DEAFNESS Gradual onset Deficiency condition
Chronic cases KD deficiency, HT Blood deficiency, U.J. Qi deficiency, Yang-Qi deficiency

Toxic-Heat in HT channel Pain like a needle with red eyes, associated with headache
PAIN Wind-Heat or LV Fire Pain, swelling and redness of the eyes
Jll KD Yin deficiency A feeling of pressure in the eyes
-<
m
fll BLURRED Floaters in the eyes LV Blood deficiency, LV/KD Yin deficiency
VISION Photophobia LV Blood deficiency, LV Yang rising
DRYNESS Dry Eyes KD Yin deficiency

.
6 FOOD AND DRINK
Deficiency A condition that is relieved by eating
Excess A condition that is aggravated by eating
SP Qi deficiency Lack of appetite
FOOD ST Heat Being always hungry
Food stagnation Fullness and distension after eating
Cold pattern Preference for hot food (in terms of temperature)
Heat pattern Preference for cold food
Bitter taste (constant) Excess Heat in LV
Bitter taste (in morning, insomnia) Excess Heat in HT
Sweet taste SP deficiency or Damp Heat
FOOD
TASTE Sour taste Food retention or LV and ST disharmony
Salty taste KD Yin deficiency
Pungent taste LU Heat
Lack of taste SP deficiency
Sour vomiting LV invade ST
Bitter vomiting LV and GB Heat
Clear-watery vomiting Cold in the ST with retention of fluids
VOMITING
Vomiting soon after eating Heat pattern
Sudden vomiting with loud noise Excess
Slow in coming with weak noise Deficiency
Excess Heat Thirst with desire to drink large amounts of cold water
Yin deficiency (ST/KD) Thirst with desire to sip liquids slowly, or sip warm liquids
THIRST Cold pattern (SP/ST) Absence of thirst
DRINK
& DRINK Damp-Heat Thirst but with no desire to drink
Heat pattern Desire to drink cold liquids
Cold pattern Desire to drink warm liquids

.
7 SLEEP
Excess pattern Very restless sleep, fever, agitation and excessive dreaming (LV pattern > HT pattern)
Deficiency pattern Not being able to fall or stay asleep
HT Blood deficiency Not being able to fall asleep, but sleeping well after falling asleep

I,.
z
LV Blood deficiency
HT/KD/LV Yin deficiency
LV Fire or HT Fire
Not being able to fall asleep, dizziness, blurred vision
Waking up many times during the night
Dream-disturbed sleep
Food retention Restless sleep with dreams
GB deficiency Waking up early in the morning and failing to fall asleep again
Grow older (normal) Greater tendency to wake early is normal, due to the physiological decline of Qi/Biood

Diagnosis I Interrogation
 DIAGNOSIS 49

SP Qi deficiency Feeling sleepy after eating

.....
m
Damp retention Lethargy and heaviness
-t Lethargy and heaviness + dizziness
::1: Phlegm retention
)>
;1;1 KD Yang deficiency Extreme lethargy and lassitude with a feeling of cold
C\
< Heat invading PC Lethargic stupor with exterior Heat symptoms
Phlegm misting Mind Lethargic stupor with rattling in the throat, ® slippery. (f) sticky tongue coating

.
8-A STOOLS
Deficiency Aggravation of a condition after a bowel movement
GENERAL
Excess Amelioration of a condition after a bowel movement
Heat in ST and Ll Acute constipation with thirst and dry yellow coating
n LV Qi stagnation + Ll Heat Constipation with small, bitty stools like goat's stools
0
z Excess LV Qi stagnation Difficulty in performing a bowel movement (stools not dry)
!!!
;; Excess or deficiency Cold With abdominal pain
~ LV Qi stagnation invading SP Alternation of constipation and diarrhea
6z KD/ST Yin deficiency With dry stools, dry mouth, desire to drink in small sips
Deficiency
Blood deficiency In old people or women after childbirth
SP/KD Yang deficiency Chronic diarrhea
Cocks-crow diarrhea (daybreak) KD Yang deficiency
Deficiency
SP Qi deficiency Loose stools with undigested food
SP Qi sinking Slightly loose but very frequent, cannot hold them easily
Ll Cold Accompanied by abdominal pain, fullness, undigested food
Excess
Blood stasis Black or very dark stools
Ll Dampness Diarrhea with mucus in the stools
Mucus
Ll Damp-Heat Diarrhea with mucus and blood in the stools
c Ll Damp-Heat Blood -7 Stool, bright-red splashing in all directions
:; Blood Blood Heat Blood -7 Stool, turbid, anus feels heavy and painful
;1;1
;1;1
::1: SP unable to hold Blood Stools -7 Blood, watery
m
)>
Pain LV involvement or Heat Pain accompanying diarrhea
Heat Foul smelling, burning sensation in the anus while passing stools
Smell Heat Presence of a foul smell
Cold Absence of smell
SP deficiency Borborygmi (gurgling sounds in the abdomen) with loose stools
Borborygmi
LV Qi stagnation Borborygmi with abdominal distension without loose stools
LV Qi stagnation Flatulence
Flatulence SP Damp-Heat I Ll Heat Flatulence with foul smell
SP Yang deficiency Flatulence without smell

8-B. URINE
KD deficiency Enuresis or incontinence
FUNCTION UB Damp-Heat, LU Qi deficiency Ret ention of urine
UB D-H or KD defici ency Difficulty in urination
Qi stagnation in L.J. Before urination
PAIN UB Damp-Heat During urination
Qi deficiency After urination
Cold pattern (usually UB/KD) Pale urine
Heat pattern Dark urine
COLOR UB Dampness Turbid or cloudy urine
Exterior Wind Copious, clear and pale urination (Pathogen has not penetrated)
Exterior Wind -7 Interior Dark urination during an exterior Wind-Cold or W ind-Heat
KD Yang deficiency Large amounts of urine
AMOUNT
KD Yin deficiency Scanty urination

Diagnosis I Interrogation
50 DIAGNOSIS

.
9 GYNECOLOGY
Periods always early Blood Heat, Qi deficiency
CYCLE Periods always late Blood deficiency, Blood or Cold stagnation
Periods Irregular LV Qi or Blood stagnation, SP deficiency
Heavy Blood Heat, Qi deficiency
AMOUNT
Scanty Blood deficiency, Blood or Cold stagnation

,s: A dark-red or bright-red color Blood Heat

z Pale blood Blood deficiency
!!I COLOR
~ Purple or blackish blood Blood or Cold stagnation
c-t
Fresh-red blood Deficient-Heat from Yin deficiency
0
z Congealed blood with clots Blood or Cold stagnation
QUALITY Watery blood Blood or Yin deficiency
Turbid blood Blood-Heat or Cold stagnation
Before the periods Qi or Blood stagnation
PAIN During the periods Blood-Heat or Cold stagnation
After the periods Blood deficiency
White SP/KD Yang deficiency, Cold-Damp, LV Qi stagnation
Yellow Heat pattern (Damp-Heat in Lower Jiao)
COLOR Greenish Damp-Heat in the LV channel
,,...
c Red and White Damp-Heat
::0::
0 Yellow + Pus, blood after menopause Toxic Damp-Heat in the uterus
;:J:I
;:J:I
,::1: Watery Cold-Damp
)> CONSISTENCY
Thick Damp-Heat
Fishy Cold-Damp
SMELL
Leathery Damp-Heat
Deficiency Blood or KD Essence deficiency
"'0 INFERTILITY
,
;:J:I Excess Damp-Heat in Lower Jiao or Blood stasis in Uterus
~
z
)>
VOMITING Morning sickness ST and Chong vessel deficiency
z
n Before 3 months Blood or Essence deficiency, KD deficiency
< MISCARRIAGE
After 3 months LV Blood stasis or SP Qi sinking
BLEEDING Nausea and heavy bleeding after delivery Chong vessel exhaustion
o:~n
-::~:
~;:: FEVER Sweating and fever after delivery Qi and Blood exhaustion
::J:C
DEPRESSION Postnatal depression Blood deficiency leading to HT Blood deficiency

.
10 PEDIATRICS
Abdominal Pain Cold retention in ST/LI, Qi stagnation in Ll
DIGESTIVE
SYMPTOMS Vomiting of milk and colic Food retention (Accumulation Disorder)
Cough, wheezing, breathlessness, earache Exterior Wind
RESPIRATORY Chronic cough/wheezing, respiratory infections Exterior Wind Residual -7 LU Phlegm-Heat
SYMPTOMS
& EARACHE Chronic earache Exterior Wind Residual -7 Damp-Heat in GB channel
Chronic catarrh, runny/blocked nose, glue ear Exterior Wind Residual -7 SP deficiency and Phlegm
Disturbed sleep with loud crying babies Food retention and ST Heat

SLEEP Relatively quiet crying at night Possibly prenatal shock

Disturbed sleep in older children LV Fire, ST Heat, Food retention

IMMUNIZATIONS Skin rash, insomnia, temporary character change Latent Heat

Diagnosis I Interrogation
 DIAGNOSIS 51

.
11 PAIN
EXCESS & DEFICIENCY HEAT & COLD
Excess Deficiency Heat Cold

n
:J:
Pressure
Food
Type
Pain
Pain
Sharp
•• Pain
Pain
.(),
.(),
Du ll-lingering Bu rning Cra mping
>
~
Temperature Pain .(), with cold Pain .(), with heat
m
::0
Bowel movement
Posture
Onset
Pain
Pain
Sudden
.(),
.(), sitting
Pain
Pain
Gradual
•
.(), lying down
Pain .(), Pain
•
Vomiting
Rest/Movement
Pain
Pain
.(),
.(), with m ove
ORGAN
Pain
Pain •
.(), w ith rest
Pain
Pain
.(),

• w ith move
LOCATION
Pain
Pain •
.(), with move

Qi stagnation LV, ST, Intestines Epigastrium, abdomen

Blood stasis LV, Uterus, HT, ST, Int estines Head, Chest, Epigastrium, Abdomen, Uterus

....
0
LV Yang rising LV Head
n Cold ST, Uterus, Intest i nes Epigastrium, Ut erus, Abdomen, Joints, Bladder
~
0 Damp-Heat ST, Uterus, Intest ines, UB, GB Hypochondrium, Epigastrium, abdomen, hypogastrium, uterus, forehead, joints
z
Ill
External Wind None Occiput

External Damp ST, Intestines, uterus Head, epigast rium, abdomen, Ut erus, Bladder, joints

Food Retention ST, Intestines Epigastrium, abdomen

Phlegm ST, Intestines, Uterus Head, epigast rium, abdomen, joints

• Interio
Invasion of exte rior pat hogenic factors
..,
c: • Qi stagnat
r Co ld o r Heat
....
.... EXCESS • Blood stagnation
ion (distention more than pa in, or a distending pain, having no fixed location)

RO • Phlegm obstruction(severe, boring pain, with a fixed location in a sma ll area)

m
s: • Food retention
~ •
DEFICIENCY • Consumption
Qi and Blood d eficiency

• of Body Fluids from Yin deficiency

Jlftmi • Pattern:
Nature: Severe distent ion, mild pain and moving from place to place
Distending
~~~~ • Location: QiChest,
stagnation, Fire rising (headache)
• epigast ric, hypochondriac, abdominal regions

~l]mi • Nature: Sharp in nature and fixed in location

Pricking (JJ~) • Location: Blood
Pattern: stasis
• Chest, epigastric, hypochondriac, lower abdominal regions

:lll:~ • Pattern:
Nature: Heavy sensation
Weighty (§~) • Location: Damp blocking Qi and Blood
• Head, four limbs, lumbar region

Colicky
~mi • Nature: Twisting pa in

:I
(.ill ~)
• Pattern: Abrupt obstruction of the Qi by substant ial pathogenic fact ors
~
m Pulling
~m;
• Pattern:
Nature: Spasmodic in nature and short in duration
Ill ~ ~~ )
• LV disorders, LV Wind

~'J~ • Nature: Burning sensation and preference for coolness

Burning
~~ ~) • Location: Fire/Heat
Pattern: invading the col laterals, Yi n deficiency with Empty Heat
• Hypochond riac regions on both sides, epigastric region

Cold
;f;-~ •• Nature: Cold sensation and preference for warmth
Pattern: Excess Cold blocking the collaterals, Yang Qi deficiency unable to warm Organs and meridians
( \,!!~ )

• Location: Head, lumbar, epigastric and abdominal regions

Dull
[fjl
• Nature: Not severe, bearable, lingering and may last for a long time
(g~ )
• Pattern: Cold syndromes, Deficiency type

Hollow
:!1':~ • Nature: Pain w ith hollow sensation
(i!ill!:)
• Pattern: Blood deficiency leading to emptiness of vessels, retardation of Blood circulation

Diagnosis I Interrogation
52 DIAGNOSIS

12. EMOTIONAL SYMPTOMS

Lack of •• LV Qi stagnation
LV Blood and LV Qi deficiency

HUN (Ethereal Soul)

movement
• SP and KD deficiency

Excessive •• Fire
Phlegm Fire
movement
• LV Blood or Yin deficiency

•••
SP and HT Blood deficiency
HT Yang deficiency
Empty LV Blood deficiency
•• KD
KD
and HT Yin deficiency with HT empty heat
Yang deficiency

DEPRESSION •• LV Qi stagnation
LV Qi stagnation turning into Heat

Full
•• LV Qi stagnation with Qi -Phlegm
Phlegm-Fire harassing the Mind
•• HT Blood stasis
GB Heat
• Diaphragm Heat

Empty •• Blood deficiency

Yin deficiency
ANXIETY
Full • Heat
Empty + Full • Yin deficiency with Empty Heat

•••
HT Blood deficiency
HT Yin deficiency
LV Blood deficiency

•••
Empty
LV Yin deficiency
KD Yin deficiency
HT and GB Qi deficiency

•• HT Fire
HT Blood stasis
FEAR

Full
•• Phlegm-Fire harassing the M ind
LV Qi stagnation

•••
LV Fire
LV Yang rising
Rebellious Qi of Chong Vessel
• Diaphragm Heat

Empty + Full •• KD and HT Yin deficiency with HT Empty Heat

HT Yin deficiency with Empty Heat

•••
Blood deficiency
Empty Yin deficiency (with or without Empty Heat)
Empty Heat

•••
IRRITABILITY Qi stagnation
Blood stasis
Full
LV Yang rising
• Heat or Damp-Heat

•• HT
LU
and SP Qi deficiency
Qi deficiency

WORRY/OVERTHINKING
Empty •• HT
LV
Blood deficiency
Blood deficiency
•• HT
HT
Yin deficiency
Yin deficiency with Empty-Heat
Full • LU Qi stagnation

Empty
•• LU and HT Qi deficiency
LV Blood deficiency
SADNESS
• HT Blood deficiency
Full • LU Qi stagnation

Diagnosis I Interrogation
 DIAGNOSIS 53

.
13 ENERGY LEVELS (TIREDNESS)
SP Qi deficiency Chronic tiredness, desire to lie down, poor appetite, loose stools
SP Yang deficiency Chronic tiredness, desire to lie down, poor appetite, loose stools + Cold symptoms
LU Qi deficiency Chronic tiredness, weak voi ce, propensity to catch colds
'"
s: LU Yang deficiency Chronic tiredness, weak voice, propen sity to catch colds + Cold symptoms
"'C
::;!
KD Yang deficiency Chronic tiredness, backache, lassitude, a feeling of cold, depression, frequent urination
LV Blood deficiency Chronic tiredness, slight depression, dizziness, scanty periods
KD Yin deficiency Chronic tiredness, anxiety, insomnia, dry mouth at night, tongue without coating
Damp retention Chronic tiredness, feeling of heaviness of the body, muzziness
., Phlegm retention Chronic tiredness, feeling of oppression of the chest, dizziness, muzziness
c:
,....
,.... LV Qi stagnation Chronic tiredness, anxiety, tenseness, wiry pulse
Shao Yang pattern Short term tiredness, alternating cold and hot, irritability, CD unilateral coating, ® wiry

.
14 SEXUAL SYMPTOMS

•• KD
HT
Yang deficiency: fee ling cold , backa che, w eak kn ees
Blood deficiency: palpitati on, dizziness, choppy pul se
Impotence
• HT Fire: palpitations, in so mni a, drea m-disturbed sleep, rapid overflowing pul se
• LV Damp-Heat: heavin ess of t he scrotum , urethral di sch arge

(] Lack of libido
•• KD Qi or Yang deficiency
Deficiency of SP, HT or LU
• LV Qi stagnation

Premature Ejaculation
•• KD Qi not Firm
HT Qi deficiency
• HT Blood deficiency
Ejaculation~ Tiredness/Dizziness • KD deficiency

• Lack of libido or an inability to reach an orgasm: KD Yang or HT deficiency

~
libido •• Excessive sexual desire: LV/ HT Fire, KD Yin defici ency with empty heat
Inability to reach orgasm: HT defi ciency
Orgasm~ Headache
• Rebellious Qi of Chong Vessel, HT Fire

Diagnosis /Int errogation

54 DIAGNOSIS

PALPATION 11l~(~e!l

Pulse Skin Limbs Hands Chest Abdomen Points

PULSE DIAGNOSIS ~~l!1!l&i

NINE AREAS OF PULSE "SIMPLE QUESTIONS"

AREA LOCATIONS REGION POINT ORGAN OF BODY PART

Upper Ta i Yang Qi of head
UPPER HEAD Middle ST3 Qi of mouth
Lower TB21 Qi of ears and eyes
Upper LU8 LU
MIDDLE HAND Middle Ll4 Center of thorax
Lower HT7 HT
Upper LVlO or LV3 LV
LOWER LEG Middle KD3 KD
Lower SPll or ST42 SP and ST

THREE LEVELS
LEVEL ENERGY TYPE ENERGY LEVEL ORGAN

Superficial Qi (Yang organs) Exterior U.J. (HT and LU)

Middle Blood SP and ST M.J . (SP and ST)

Deep Yin (Yin organs) Interior L.J. (KD)

SIX POSITIONS AND CORRESPONDENCE

LEFT RIGHT
POSITION
Trigram 5 Element Organ Organ 5 Element Trigram

---- -
Sl Ll
@ Fire
HT
CUN
LU
® Metal
--
-
-- ® Wood
GB
GUAN
ST
(2) Earth --
-
LV SP

--
-- @ Water
UB

KD (KD Yin)
CHI
SJ

PC {KD Yang)
CD Minister
Fire
--
-
GENERATING CYCLE CD Fire ¢ (2) Earth ¢ ® Metal ¢ @ Water ¢ ® Wood ¢ @ Fire

CONTROL CYCLE @ Fire C ® M etal C ® Wood C (2) Earth C @ Water C CD Fire

Diagnosis I Palpation
 DIAGNOSIS 55

PULSE TAKING NAN JING (CLASSIC OF DIFFICULTIES)

Pulse Position

SIX POSITIONS AND CORRESPONDENCE

LEFT RIGHT

01------SP (guan)
KD Yang (chi)
KDVin (chi)

PULSE POSITION FROM DIFFERENT CLASSIC

LEFT RIGHT

Pulse Pulse Complete Complete Pulse Pulse

Nei Jing Nan Jing Classic Studies Book Book Studies Classic Nan Jing Nei Jing
(Shuhe Wang) (Shizhen li) (Jiebing Zhang) (Jiebing Zhang) (Shizhen li) (Shuhe Wang)

1st cent. 200 C.E. 280 C.E. 1564 C.E. 1624 C.E. 1624 C.E. 1564 C.E 280 C.E. 200 C.E. 1st cent.

Hand Hand
St ernum Sl PC heaven Stern um Ll Chest
1 Taiyang Yangming
s HT LU
T Hand Ha nd
HT
Shaoyin
HT HT earth LU LU
Ta iyin
LU

Foot Foot
Diaphragm
Shaoyang
GB GB heaven ST ST
Ya ngming
ST
2
N LV SP
D Foot Foot
LV Jueyin
LV LV earth SP SP SP
Ta iyin

Foot SJ, 51, Hand

Abdom en
Ta iyang
UB UB, Ll heaven
Mingmen
SJ Abdomen
3 Shaoyang
R
KD KD
D (M ingmen) (Mingm en)
Foot KD Hand
KD KD KD earth KD KD
Sh aoyin (Mingmen) Jueyin

Diagnosis I Palpation
56 DIAGNOSIS

COMPARATIVE PULSE CHART

FCM PINYIN CH(KO) CAM (CA BOARD) PRO WEB

1 FLOATING Fu Mai $(~) Superficial Floating Floating
2 DEEP Chen Mai i:t(~) Deep Deep Sinking (Deep)
3 SLOW Chi Mai ii(XI) Slow Slow Slow
4 RAPID Shu Mai 1!((6/) Rapid Rapid Rapid
5 EMPTY Xu Mai om(QjJ Deficient Vacuous Empty
6 FULL Shi Mai tlf(@l) Excess Full Full
7 OVERFLOWING Hong Mai i:!l:(~) Surging Surging (Flooding) Flooding
n 8
l> FINE (Thin) Xi Mai ;llll(k!l) Thready Fine Thin
m 9 SLIPPERY Hua Mai i~(f.f ) Rolling Slippery Slippery
0
l> 10 CHOPPY Se Mai ~(Gl) Hesitant Rough Choppy
::a
ICI 11 WIRY Xuan Mai ~(~) String-taut String-like Wiry
12 TIGHT Jin Mai ~(2!) Tense Tight Tight
13 SOGGY (Weak-floating) Ru Mai i\'1;\(.g. ) Soft Soggy Soggy
14 WEAK Ruo Mai ~~(Q/) Weak Weak (Frail) Frail
15 HASTY Cu Mai f!E(~) Abrupt Skipping (Hurried) Hurried
16 KNOTTED Jie Mai .!ia(~) Knotted Bound Knotted
17 INTERMITTENT Dai Mai f-\;(Ql) Regularly-intermittent Regu larly-1 nterm ittent Intermittent
18 LONG
19 SHORT
Chang Mai

Duan Mai
:aml
ift(8)
•• Long
Short
Long
Short
20 MINUTE
21 SLOW-DOWN
Wei Mai

Huan Mai
ifJI(DI )
*!(§-)
•• Faint
Moderate
Minute
Moderate

z 22 HOLLOW Kou Mai ?l:(T/)

• Scallion Hollow
n
n
l>
0
23 LEATHER
24 FIRM
Ge Mai

Lao Mai
:1i[(~)

$ (Xi)
•• Drumskin
Confined (Prison)
Leather
Confined (Prison)
I: 25 SCATTERED
26 HIDDEN
San Mai

Fu Mai
Jli(tf)

f:;f;:(~)
•• Scattered
Hidden
Scattered
Hidden
27 MOVING Dong Mai Iii(~)
• Stirred (Spinning Bean) Spinning Bean (Moving)

•
28
HURRIED
BIG
Ji Mai

Da Mai
~(~ )

x(Oll
•• •
Large Big

GROUPING BY PRD (FCM TERMINOLOGY)

ABNORMAL ABNORMAL ABNORMAL
DEPTH RATE ARRIVAL RATE IRREGULAR
ABNORMAL FORM
RHYTHM
FLOATING DEEP RAPID SLOW VACUOUS REPLETE
..... :I: Ill Ill ,.,)>r- ,.,
0 :I:..... s: r- ;J3 Ill Ill Ill n ,., s: :E ..... -i ..... :I: :>: z !; ..... r- Ill
:E
,., ,.,z
.,., s:~ cz-i :>:
cr-
n
., ,.,c0 :;;s: .,c s0 .,,.,=a
,., z
r- 0 r- r- r- 0 :I:
0 0r- )>
0 0 :I: G'i 0 ~ ,.,
-i z :;;
~ :I:,.,
;J3
Cl 0 0 0
-i
:E :E )> r- :I: 0 ,.,
zCl~
r-
~
Cl Cl -<
,.,~
Cl ;J3
0 -< ,., z z 6 ,., -i
0
;J3
s: -i
:E ,.,
;J3 ;J3 Cl
;J3
-< 0
-< z 0
:j
0 :E
Cl
,.,
z z
-i

GROUPING BY WEB (FCM TERMINOLOGY)

Ill
-i
;J3
r-
m
z
s:0
DEPTH SPEED WIDTH
m
z SHAPE
Cl
-i RHYTHM ,.,
0
OTHERS

,.,~
Cl :I:
-i
:I:

,., ..... ..... ,.,)>r-

s:0 s: c0 0.....z s:0< 0r-r- n
..... Ill Ill -i ..... VI n :E -i r- VI :I: :>: z Ill n:I: :I: VI

z "'G'i s:
;J3
r-
z25 ., )> r- :I: cr- r-
.,=am 0.,.,:I: :;; G'i 0
z
:I: c;J3 z ,.,-i
r-
0 z ~ 0

,.,:I: z ,.,z zCl 0 ~,.,

0 0 0 Cl
c :::: ~
r- -< ::t:
§,., s: 0,., 0 c r= -i
,.,
zCl~
-i Cl ;J3 ;J3 ;J3 Cl
z -i ;;; 0 ,.,
-i -<
Cl ;J3
-< -< 0 0
:j
;J3

,.,~
z ;J3
0
:::: ,., ;J3

,., Cl 0

Diagnosis I Palpation
 DIAGNOSIS 57

YIN-YANG CLASSIFICATION AND INDICATION

I I
FCM PINYIN CH YIN/YANG INDICATIONS (FCM)

1 Fu i'f. + • Yin Invasion of external Wind

FLOATING
• Pathogenic
deficiency (interior conditions)

2 DEEP Chen i:t - • factor in the Interior (Deep-Full)

• Yang deficiency (Deep-weak)

3 SLOW Chi ~ -
•• Cold pattern
Empty-Cold (Slow and Weak)
• Full-Cold (Slow and Full)
• Full-Heat
Heat pattern
4 RAPID Shu ~ + • Empty-Heat(Rapid and Full)
• Qi deficiency(Rapid and Floating-Empty)
5 EMPTY Xu ~ -
• Full pattern
.. • Full-Heat (Full-Rapid)
6 FULL Shi "" + •• Full-Cold (Full-Slow)
7 OVERFLOWING Hong ~~ - WITHIN + • Full-Heat
• Empty-Heat (Overflowing-Empty)

8 FINE (Thin) Xi *Ill - • Dampness with severe Qi deficiency

Blood deficiency
• Phlegm
,..
n •• Dampness
9 SLIPPERY Hua ;~ + WITHIN -
• Retention of Food
al
,..0 • Pregnancy
10 CHOPPY Se = - • Exhaustion
Blood deficiency
:Ill
Cl
''"' • LV disharmony of Body Fluids
• Pain
11 WIRY Xu an 5t + • Phlegm
• Cold
• Exterior Cold (Tight-Floating)
• Interior Full-Cold (Tight-Full-Deep)
12 TIGHT Jin ~ + WITHIN - • Interior Empty-Cold (Tight-Weak-Deep)
• Pain
• Dampness with Qi deficiency
SOGGY • Yin deficiency
13 (Weak-floating)
Ru ~ -
•• Essence deficiency
14 WEAK Ruo ~~ - • Yang deficiency
• Severe
Blood deficiency

15 HASTY Cu iJE +
•• HT Qi deficiency
Heat

• HT-Fire
16 KNOTTED Jie ~ -
• Cold with HT Yang deficiency

•• Heat pattern
- Serious problem in internal organ
17 INTERMITTENT Dai f\:;
HT problem (in Western medical sense)
18 LONG Chang :ft + • Severe Qi deficiency
19 SHORT Duan ~.il: - • ST Qi deficiency
• Severe deficiency of Qi and Blood
20 MINUTE Wei ~ -
• Generally a healthy pulse
21 SLOW-DOWN Huan
**TL © • Hemorrhage
22 HOLLOW Kou - • Forthcoming hemorrhage (Hollow and Rapid)
• Severe
23 LEATHER Ge 1i'i - •• Severe deficiency of KD-Essence
deficiency of KD-Yin
z
n • Interior
Blood stasis
,..n 24 FIRM Lao ~ + WITHIN -
•• Pain Cold (Firm and Slow)
0
3:
• Severe deficiency of Qi and Blood
25 SCATTERED San ~ -
• Severe deficiency of KD-Qi
• Serious condition
26 HIDDEN Fu 1~ -
• Shock, anxiety,deficiency
Severe Yang
27 MOVING Dong tiJ + •• Pain fright

HURRIED (FCM) Ji !*- + • Fire exhausting Yin

28
BIG (PRD,WEB) Da
* + •• Entrance of disease (with force)
Outward floating of yang vacuity (without force)

Diagnosis I Palpation
58 DIAGNOSIS

PULSE IMAGES

1. FLOATING 2. DEEP 3. SLOW 4. RAPID

- UndlrtMSidn511------
~IMMI

_______
...... Ell1h ~

5. EMPTY 6. FULL 7. SURGING 8. THIN

-Jt""A"1_Jl_l 'A-"~~- -r
~-~-lr-~Y- [ _~_ ~ _v _v __
9. SLIPPERY 10. CHOPPY 11. WIRY 12. TIGHT

-
13. SOGGY 14. WEAK 15. HASTY 16. KNOTTED

17. INTERMITTENT 18. LONG 19. SHORT 20. MINUTE

/
............
-~
~-
.... -..................
...........
~ '-·· -·/ ..._

-
21. MODERATE 22. HOLLOW 23. LEATHER 24. CONFINED

25. SCATTERED 26. HIDDEN 27. MOVING 28. BIG

Diagnosis I Palpation
 DIAGNOSI S 59

PULSE IMAGE AND INDICATION

1. FLOATING (;$~, SUPERFICIAL)

I
WEB •• Higher than normal, that is, although distinct at a light or superficial level of pressure
Less perceptible when palpated at the middle and deep levels
~
l>
G)
m
FCM • Felt with a light pressure of the fingers, just resting the fingers on the artery
PRO • Clearly felt with light pressing, somewhat weak with heavy pressing
CAM Exterior, Deficiency, or general weakness from prolonged illness
z
0
WEB Exterior, Yin deficiency (if weak), Interior Wind (if no exterior symptoms)
;:;
FCM Exterior, W-C (if t ight), W-H (if rapid), Yin deficiency (if weak), Severe interior Qi deficiency (i.e. anemia, c.ancer)
:!i
0 SHG Exterior, Weak person w ith cold, Serious Qi/Biood deficiency
z
PRO Exterior pattern

2. DEEP ( i:t~, SINKING)

I
~
WEB • Distinct on ly at t he third level, w hen heavy pressure is applied
l>
G)
m
FCM • Opposite to a "Floating", it can only be felt with a heavy pressure of the fingers and is felt near the bone
PRO • Not clear with light pressing, clear with heavy pressing

CAM Interior
z0 WEB Interior, Obstruction
;:;
FCM Interior, Qi/Biood st asis (if full), Yang deficiency (if weak)
~
0 SHG Interior
z
PRO Interior pattern, depression pattern, water swelling

3. SLOW (ii.Jif&) I
~
WEB • One that has fewer t han four beats per respiration
l>
G)
m
FCM • Three beats per respiration cycle (of the practitioner)
PRO • In one breath, the pulse does not come four times
CAM Cold, Excess Cold (if strong), Yang deficiency (if weak)
z
0
WEB Cold retarding movement, Qi insufficiency
;:;
FCM Cold, Full Cold (if fu ll), Empty Cold (if weak)
~
0 SHG Cold, Yang deficiency
z
PRO Cold pattern

4. RAPID ( ~Jif&l
I
~
WEB • One that has more than five beats per respiration
l>
G)
m
FCM • Five beats per each respiration cycle
PRO • Five beats in one breath (" Racing pulse" is seven or more beat s per breath)
CAM Heat, Excess Heat (if strong), Yin deficiency (if w eak)
z
0
WEB Heat is accelerating the movement of Blood
;:;
FCM Heat, Full Heat (if fu ll ), Empty Heat (if floating-empty)
~
0 SHG Heat, Excess or Yin deficiency
z
PRO Heat pattern, (" Racing pu lse" governs extreme Heat, Yin exhaustion floating Yang)

5. EMPlY (tlii:~. DEFICIENT,VACUOUS) I

• Big but without strength
WEB • Weak + Soft, like "a balloon partially filled with water"
~
l>
• Felt at the superficial level and is often slower than normal
G)
m FCM • Feels rather big but soft, "Empty" may suggest that nothing can be felt, but this is not so
• It is actual ly rather big but it feels empty on a slightly stronger pressure and is soft
PRO • Lacks force, empty and vacuous with pressure
CAM Qi/Biood defici ency
z
0 W EB Qi/Biood defi ciency
;:;
FCM Qi defici ency
:!i
0z SHG Qi/Biood deficiency, Organ (Za ngfu) deficiency
PRO Dual vacu ity of Qi and Blood

Diagnosis I Palpation
60 DIAGNOSIS

6. FULL (Will, EXCESS, REPLETE) I

~
WEB • Big + Strong, pounding hard against the fingers at all three depths

~
m
FCM • Feels Full, rather hard and rather Long (often used to indicate any pulse of the Full type)
PRO • Forceful with touching and pressing
CAM Excess
z WEB Excess
Si!
n
FCM Excess, Full Heat (if rapid), Full Cold (if slow)
~
0 SHG Excess, Normal
z
PRO Repletion pattern, Heat pattern

7. SURGING (i1tl!l, FLOODING} I

WEB •• Surges with the strength of a big pulse, hitting the fingers at all three depths
But it leaves the fingers with less strength, like a receding wave
~
•• Superficial and generally feels as if it overflows the normal pulse channel, like "a
Feels big, it extends beyond the pulse position
~
m
FCM river overflows during a flood"

PRO • Arrives like waves, arriving flourishing, departing debilitated

CAM Excess Heat
z WEB Heat has injured the Fluids and Yin
Si!
~0 FCM Full Heat, Empty Heat (if empty)

z SHG Excess Heat, Exhaustion of Qi following long illness

PRO Exuberant Heat

8. THIN (*ll!Jlli, FINE, THREADY} I

~
WEB • Fine thread but is very distinct and clear
~
m
FCM • Thinner than normal
PRO • Fine like thread, clearly felt
CAM Qi, Blood, or Yin deficiency due to stress or overstrain
z WEB Blood deficiency unable to fill the pulse properly, Qi deficiency
52
~
0
FCM Blood deficiency, Damp with severe Qi deficiency

z SHG Blood deficiency, Yin deficiency

PRO Vacuity taxation detriment with Yin vacuity as primary, Damp

9. SUPPERY (litl!l, ROLUNG) I

WEB •• Extremely fluid, it feels smooth, like a ball bearing covered with viscous fluid
"Feels like pearls in a porcelain basin", "slithers like a snake"
~
~
m
FCM • Feels smooth, rounded, slippery, as if it were oily, slides under the fingers
PRO • Arrives smoothly, the fingers feel roundness and slipperiness
CAM Accumulation of Phlegm and/or food, Excess Heat, Retained fluid, Normal in pregnancy
z WEB Excess, Damp or Mucus, Normal in pregnancy
Si!
~0 FCM
SHG
Accumulation of Phlegm, Damp or Food (if full), Phlegm or Damp with Qi deficiency (if weak), Normal in pregnancy
Damp or Phlegm, Normal in pregnancy
z
PRO Phlegm or Food accumulation, Repletion Heat

10. CHOPPY (ii!il!l, HESITANT,ROUGH) I

WEB
•• Opposite of "Slippery pulse", uneven and rough, and sometimes irregular in strength
"A knife scraping bamboo or a sick silkworm eating a mulberry leaf"
and fullness

~
• Sometimes it is irregular in rhythm ("the three and five not adjusted")
~ FCM • Feels rough under the finger, instead of a smooth pulse wave
m • Feels as if it had a jagged edge to it
PRO • Arrives roughly, slowly and stagnating
• Like "a light knife scraping bamboo"
CAM Blood or Jing deficiency (if weak), Qi or Blood stasis (if strong)
z0 WEB Blood or Jing deficiency (if thin), Congealed Blood

~
0
FCM
SHG
Blood deficiency, Body fluid exhaustion (i.e. following profuse sweating or vomiting)
Blood deficiency, Qi or Blood stasis
z
PRO Essence damage, Blood depletion, Qi stagnation, Blood stasis

Diagnosis I Palpation
 DIAGNOSIS 61

11. WIRY ( ~Ill. STRING-TAUT)

I
••
Taut feeling, like a guitar or violin string
WEB
Strong, rebounds against pressure at all levels, and hits the fingers evenly, no fluidity or wavelike qualities
~
)>
G'l
m
FCM •• Feels taut like a guitar string
Thinner, more taut and harder than the Tight pulse, really hits the fingers

PRO • Straight and long, like pressing on the string of a 'Qin'

CAM Pain, LV/GB disharmony, LV Yin deficiency or Yang excess, Phlegm, Fluid retention
2 WEB Stagnation in the body, LV/GB disharmony
c
n FCM LV disharmony, Pain, Phlegm
~
0 SHG Pain, LV disharmony
z
PRO LV or GB disease, Pain pattern, Ph legm-Rheum

12. TIGHT (~ill, TENSE) I

• Strong and seems to bounce from side to side like a taut rope

~
WEB • Fuller and more elastic than the Wiry pulse
)>
G'l
• Vibrating and urgent, it seems faster than it actually is

m FCM • Feels twisted like a thick rope

PRO • Arrives tightly and with force, like a twisted rope
CAM Cold, Pain, Accumulation of Food
2 WEB Excess, Cold, Stagnation
c
n FCM Cold, Exterior Cold (if floating), Interior Full Cold (if full-deep), Interior Empty Cold (if weak-deep), Pa in
~
0 SHG Excess Cold
z
PRO Cold, Pain, Food storage

13- SOGGY (~Ill. SOFT) I

WEB • Thin + Empty + Floating, Extremely Soft, is less clea r than a Thin pulse, and is perceptible only in the superficia l
• Slightest pressure makes it disappear, " a bubble floating on water"
~
~ FCM
•• Felt only on the superficia l level, it feels very soft and is on ly slightly Floating
Disappears when a stronger pressure is applied to feel the deep level
m
• Similar to the Floating-Empty pulse, but it is softer and not so Floating

PRO • Floating + Fine + Soft

CAM Damp
2 WEB Blood or ling deficiency, Damp
c
n FCM Damp with Qi deficiency, Yin deficiency, Essence deficiency
~
0 SHG Damp
z
PRO Vacuity, Damp

14. WEAK ~~~Jill. FRAIL) I

~
WEB • Soft + W eak + Thin. Felt at the deep level, like an inverted empty pulse
)>
G'l
m
FCM • Cannot be felt on the superficia l level, but on ly at the deep level, also Soft

PRO • Deep + Fine + without force

CAM Qi/Biood deficiency
2 WEB Extreme Qi deficiency (because Qi can't even raise the pu lse)
c
n
)> FCM Yang deficiency, Blood deficiency
--i
0 SHG Qi/Biood deficiency
z
PRO Insufficient Qi and Blood

15. HASTY {i:f.~, ABRUPT, HURRIED)

I
~
WEB • Rapid pulse that skips beats irregularly
)>
G'l
m
FCM • Rapid and it stops at irregular intervals
PRO • Arrives rapid ly, sometimes there is a stop, stops are irregular
CAM Excess Yang Heat, Qi/Biood stagnation, Accumulation of Food or Ph legm, Col lapse syndrome (if weak)
2 WEB Heat agitating Qi and Blood
c
n FCM Severe Heat, HT Qi deficiency, HT Fire
~
0 SHG Excessive HT Yang, Congested Qi in the Upper Jiao
z
PRO Exuberant Yang Repletion Heat, Ph legm exuberance, Food stagnation

Diagnosis I Palpation
62 DIAGNOSIS

16. KNOTTED (ilitil!/i, BOUND) I

WEB • Slow, irregular pulse that skips beats irregularly

I, FCM • Slow and it stops at irregular intervals

PRO • Arrives Moderate to Slow, sometimes there is a stop, stops are irregular
CAM Excess Yin, Accumulation of Qi, Retention of Cold Phlegm, Blood stasis
i WEB Cold obstructing Qi/Biood, Qi/Biood/Jing deficiency, HT not ruling the Blood properly (more interruptions, more severe)

i
:z
FCM
SHG
PRO
Cold, HT Qi or Yang deficiency
HT Blood stasis with Excess Yin or Phlegm in the PC
Yin exuberance, Qi bind

17. IN1J8jVII'lJJNT tftll!il I

WEB • Usually skips more beats than the "Hasty" and "Knotted", but does so in a regular pattern

~ FCM
PRO
•
•
Stops at regular intervals
Stops in the middle of moving, stops are regular
CAM Declining Zang Qi, Declining Yang Qi, Painful syndrome, Extreme fear or fright, Wind
z WEB Serious HT disharmony, exhausted state of all the Organs
52
~ FCM Serious problem in internal organs (if stops every 4 beats or less, more serious), HT problem (in western medicine)

i SHG Organ exhaustion

PRO Slight debilitation of Viscera Qi, Wind pattern, Pain pattern, Palpitation

1-. LONG !:llll!il I

... WEB
•• Opposite of a "Short pulse"
Perceptible beyond the first and third positions
•
I
Continues to be felt closer to the hand or up toward the elbow
FCM • Basically longer than normal, extends slightly beyond the normal pulse position
PRO • Tail is long and straight, longer than the original location

z WEB Excess (if tight-wiry). Normal (if normal speed and strength)

; FCM
PRO
Heat pattern
Surplus of Yang Qi

19. SHORT (il'l,JIIi) J

WEB • Does not fill the spaces under the three fingers and is usually felt in only one position

I
m
FCM
PRO
•
•
Opposite of a "Long pulse", occupies a shorter space than the normal position
Tail is Short, does not reach original position

z WEB Qi deficiency

; FCM
PRO
Severe Qi deficiency, ST Qi deficiency
Qi depression (with force), Qi injury (without force)

20. MINUTE ,••• FAINT) I

WEB • Extremely Fine + Soft, but lacks the clarity of the Thin pulse
• Barely perceptible and seems about to disappear

I
m
FCM •
•
Basically the same as the Fine one, just more so
Extremely Thin, small and difficult to feel
PRO • Extremely Fine, extremely Soft, sometimes present, sometimes not
Extreme deficiency
z5! WEB

s"' FCM
PRO
Severe deficiency of Qi and Blood
Slightly critical case of Yang Qi debility

21. MODERATE (&11!/i, SLOW-DOWN) I

WEB • Normal in depth, speed, strength, and width

I
m
FCM
PRO
•
•
Four beats for each respiration cycle
Four beats in on breath, pulse arrives leisurely
Healthy, perfectly balanced pulse, Damp (if slightly slippery)
z0 WEB

g FCM
PRO
Generally a healthy pulse
SP vacuity, Damp pattern

Diagnosis I Palpation
 DIAGNOSIS 63

22. HOLLOW (n~. SCALLION)

I
WEB •• Often
Feels like "the stem of a green onion", solid on the outside but completely empty within
Floating pulse as well
3:
~ FCM • Felt at the superficial level, but if one presses slightly harder to find the middle level it is not there
"' • Felt again at the deep level with a stronger pressure, Empty in the middle
PRO • Floating + Large with an Empty center, like a scallion stalk

2 WEB Blood deficiency, Great loss of blood

0
n FCM Hemorrhage, Forthcoming hemorrhage (if rapid)
~
"' PRO Blood loss, Yin damage

23. LEATHER (:~~. DRUMSKIN) I

WEB • Wiry + Floating + Empty, Feels like the tight skin on the top of a drum
3: • Feels hard and tight at the superficial level and stretched like a drum, but it feels completely Empty at the deep level
~ FCM
• Large pulse, not thin
"' PRO • Floating under the finger, Hollow center and hard outside

2 WEB Blood or Jing defi ciency

0
FCM
£"' PRO
Severe deficiency of KD Essence or KD Yin
Essence Blood vacuity Cold

24. CONFINED I*~· PRISON, FIRM) I

WEB • Opposite of the "Leather pulse" and is a form of the Hidden pulse, Very deep + Wiry + Long + Strong
3:
•• Described as a W iry pulse at the deep level
Felt only at the deep level and it feels hard and rather Wiry
]>
G)
FCM
"' PRO • Replete + Large + String-like + Long with heavy pressing
WEB Obst ruction due to Cold
2
0
n FCM Blood stasis, Interior Cold (if slow), Pain
~
"' PRO Internal exuberance of Cold accumulation, mounting, accumulation and conglomerations

25. SCATTERED (ilJr.ll!i:) I

••
Similar to "Empty pulse" because it is Floating + Big + Weak
WEB
Larger but much less distinct than the "Empty" pulse, tends to be felt primarily as it recedes
3:
]>
G) FCM • Feels very sma ll and is relatively superficial
"' • Instead of fee ling like a wave, the pulse feels as if it were "broken" in small dots
PRO • Floating, scattered without root, disappearing with pressing
WEB Serious disharmony, KD Yang exhausted and "floating away"
2
0
n FCM Severe deficiency of Qi/Biood or KD Qi, Serious condition
~
"' PRO Scattering of Original Qi, imminent expiry of Viscera and Bowel Qi

26. HIDDEN (i:*:Jl!i:) I

WEB •• Intense
Extreme form of "Sinking pulse"
pressure must be applied to feel it
3:
•• Very deep and difficult to feel, basically an extreme case of a Deep pulse
Feels as if it were hidden beneath the bone
~
m
FCM

PRO • Clear with heavy pressing, finally obtained when the bone is found
WEB Cold obstructing the Meridian (if strong). Yang deficien cy (if weak)
2
0
n FCM Severe Yang deficiency
~
"' PRO Blocked evil, Reverting pattern, extreme pain, Yang debility

27. MOVING (itiJ~. SPINNING BEAN) I

WEB •• Short + Tight + Slippery + Rapid
Fe lt in on ly one position and is said to be "incomplete, without a head and tail, like a bean"
3:
]> • Round shape like a bean, it is short and it "trembles" under the finger

••
G) FCM No definite shape, having no head or tail, just rising up in the center
m
Feels as if it is shaking and is also somewhat Slippery
PRO • Jumps like a bean, Slippery + Rapid + with Force

2 WEB Extreme condition, HT pa lpitations, intense fright, fever, or pain

0
n FCM Shock, anxiety, fright, Pain
~
"' PRO Pain pattern, palpitation pattern

Diagnosis I Palpation
64 DIAGNOSIS

28-A. HURRIED (~llli\) I

s: FCM • Very rapid, but it also feels very agitated and urgent
z FCM Fire exhausting Yin

28-B. BIG (j;:M\, LARGE) I

s: WEB • Broad in diameter and very distinct, suggest s Excess
~
m PRO Large and full, location is broad

WEB Heat in ST or Intestines

z
!2 PRO Entrance of disease (with force), Outward floating of Yang vacuity (without force)

PULSE COMBINATIONS WEB & Ll SHI ZHEN

FCM COMBINATIONS
+ Moderate Wind-Damp
+ Empty Summer-Heat damage
+ Slippery Wind-Phlegm or Food retention
+ Rapid Wind-Heat
+ Hollow Blood loss
1 FLOATING
+ Scattered Extreme taxation
+ Short Qi disease
+ Choppy Blood damage
+ Tense Wind-Cold
+ Surging, Big External Summer-Heat
+Slow Interior Cold
+ Rapid Interior Heat
+ Moderate Water-Damp
+ Confined Cold accumulation
2 DEEP +Wiry Swelling with pain, LV Qi stagnation
+ Tight Cold pain
+ Hidden Choleraic disease
+ Slippery Phlegm and Food accumulation
+ Choppy Depression of Qi, Blood stasis
+ Floating Exterior Cold
+ Deep Interior Cold
+ Slippery Phlegm, Food
3 SLOW + Thin Yang debility
+ Wiry Accumulation pain
+ Moderate Cold-Damp
+ Choppy Blood deficiency
+ Surging Exuberant Yang excess Heat (sores and welling abscesses)
+ Thin Yin deficiency with empty Fire
+ Rolling Phlegm-Fire excess Heat
4 RAPID + Empty Pulmonary wilting
+ Choppy Yin and Blood injury and exhaustion
+ Hollow Extreme loss of Blood
+Wiry LV Fire

Diagnosis I Palpation
 DIAGNOSIS 65

+ Floating Qi deficiency
+ Choppy Blood deficiency
5 EMPTY + Rapid Yin deficiency internal Heat
+Slow Yang deficiency
+ Soggy Deficient protective Qi, with spontaneous sweating
+ Deep Internal excess
+ Float ing Exterior excess
+ Slippery Phlegm or Food retention
6 FULL
+ Tight Damage by Cold evil
+ Rapid Bowel Heat, LU abscess
+ W iry LV Fire
+ Big Exuberant Heat
+ Floating Exterior Heat, Yin deficiency
7 OVERFLOWING + Deep Internal Heat, Cold restraining Heat
+ Tight Distention(chest) and fullness, Constipation with bleeding
+ Slippery Phlegm-Heat
+ Deep Damp impediment, Pain
+ M inute Yang deficiency
+ Rapid Deficient Heat
8 FINE (Thin)
+ Tight Cold damage
+ W iry LV Blood/Yin deficiency
+ Choppy Blood deficiency, Qi stagnation
+ Floating Wind-Phlegm
+ Deep Phlegm-Rheum panting and coughing, Food retention
+ Rapid Damp-Heat, Phlegm-Fire, Food damage
9 SLIPPERY
+Slow Dysentery
+ W iry Food stagnation, Phlegm with LV Qi stagnation
+ Tight Cold-Phlegm obstructing
+ W iry Qi stagnation, Blood stasis
+ Deep Interior deficiency, Yin debility
+ Floating, Thin Large amounts of sweating damaging the fluids, Dried fluids
10 CHOPPY
+ Floating Exterior deficiency
+ W eak Qi exhausted
+ Minute Blood deficiency, Yang deficiency
+ Rapid Heat in LV channel, LV Fire
+ Rapid, Thready Lv Yin deficiency
+ Rapid, Big LV Fire blazing
+Slow SP and ST deficient cold, LV Cold
+ Floating Propping-Rheum
11 WIRY
+ Deep Pain due to Suspended Rheum, Interior stagnation with pain
+ Big without force Deficiency pattern
+ Thin Acute tetanic spasm
+ Slippery Phlegm-Rheum
+ Tight Concretion and Gathering
+ Floating Cold damage to Tai Yang
+ Deep Cold accumulation and abdominal pain
+Wiry Mounting accumulation and abdominal pain, Cold obstruction
12 TIGHT
+ Rapid Simultaneous Heat and Cold pattern
+ Full Distention and pain
+ Choppy Cold obstruction
+ W iry Dizziness or numb fingers
SOGGY
13 + Choppy Blood loss
(Weak-floating)
+ Rapid Damp-Heat
+ Choppy Blood deficiency, Essence deficiency, Cold or infertility
+ Rapid Seminal emission, Uterine bleeding
14 WEAK
+ Soggy Spontaneous sweating
+ Wiry, Thin Blood deficiency, Flaccid tendons

Dia gnosis I Pa lpation

66 DIAGNOSIS

+ Floating, forceful Heat exuberance in the exterior

+ Surging Heat exuberance in Yang Ming
15 HASTY
+ Slippery Phlegm-Rheum, Food retention
+ Thin/Minute Debilitation of organ Qi, Separation of Yin and Yang
+ Floating Cold evil stagnating in the channels
+ Deep, Choppy Stasis accumulation, Qi/Biood stagnation with lumps
16 KNOTTED + Deep, Weak Mingmen Fire exhausted
+ Slippery Phlegm evil accumulation and stagnation
+Wiry Binding depression of the seven emotions
17 INTERMITTENT + Weak Yuan Qi deficiency, SP/ST weakness

NCCAOM ONLY

+ Floating External pathogen or Yin deficiency

+ Surging Yang insanity or Epilepsy
+ Deep, Thin Lumps or tumors
18 LONG
+ Slippery Phlegm Heat
+ Soggy Alcohol intoxication or Cold
+Wiry LV disharmony
+ Floating LU Qi deficiency or Blood stasis
+ Deep KD Qi deficiency
19 SHORT + Rapid Heart Pain and irritability
+Slow Cold deficiency
+ Rolling, Rapid Alcohol injuring Shen
+ Soggy Spasms
20 MINUTE +Weak Spontaneous sweating
+ Choppy Great Blood loss
+ Floating External Damp or Wind
+ Deep Damp obstructing
21 SLOW-DOWN
+ Choppy Blood deficiency
+ Slow, Thin Yang deficiency
+ Rapid Yin deficiency
22 HOLLOW + Empty, Soggy Essence deficiency, Blood loss
+ Knotted Blood stasis
+ Slippery, Big Excess perspiration or diarrhea
23 LEATHER
+ Moderate, no spirit "Dead" Yin, not treatable
24 FIRM + Deep Chronic Cold disease
25 SCATTERED + Floating Extreme deficiency of Blood and Qi
+Slow Extreme Cold, Extreme Yin ascending
26 HIDDEN
+ Rapid Extreme Heat, Extreme Yang ascending
+ Weak Palpitations
+ Full Pain, Obstruction
27 MOVING
+ Hollow Essence loss
+ Floating External pathogen
+ Floating Deficiency or Exterior Heat
+ Deep Interior Heat of KD disharmony
28 BIG +Wiry Shao Yang disharmony
+ Moderate Damp-Heat
+ Floating ST Excess

Diagnosis I Palpation
 DIAGNOSIS 67

PULSE POSITION CORRELATIONS ll SHI ZHEN

LEFT & RIGHT

BILATERAL
.,... LEFT RIGHT
0 Wind with a headache; Wind and HT Yang Ascending; insomnia; External Wind; Rebellious Qi in LU ;
CUN
J:lo Mucus in chest irritability cough : asthma
::!
z GUAN SP Qi deficiency and LV Qi excess LV Qi stagnation; pain
SP Qi stagnation; distended
C) abdomen; vomiting
CHI KD Qi deficiency; difficulty in urination ; lumbago; vertigo; menstrual
Constipation or enuresis
irregularities

BILATERAL LEFT RIGHT

CUN Mucus obstructing chest LU Qi deficiency; cough; shortness

Cl HT Yang deficiency; desire for sleep
m of breath; asthma
m GUAN
"'I Cold in Middle Burner; pain LV Qi stagnation; pain SP Qi deficiency; diarrhea

CHI KD Qi deficiency; lumbago; sore knees; vertigo; impotence; sterility;

KD Qi deficiency; lumbago; diarrhea
painful menses; leukorrhea

BILATERAL LEFT RIGHT

m CUN Blood unable to nourish HT HT palpitations Spontaneous sweating
3: Qi deficiency with distended
"'I GUAN Blood unable to nourish tendons Distended abdomen
-4 abdomen
-< Blood and Jing deficiency; bones Lower back and knees are sore or
CHI Yang deficiency
feel hot atrophying

BILATERAL LEFT RIGHT

Wind-Heat affecting head; sore
., CUN throat; stiff tongue; sensation of
pressure in chest
Stiff tongue Sore throat
c:
...... Heat in Middle Burner; distended
GUAN LV Fire; flank pain Pain in epigastrium
abdomen
Heat in Lower Burner; lumbago;
CHI Con stipation; abdominal pain Rebellious Fire ascending
constipation; abdominal pain

BILATERAL LEFT RIGHT

CUN Deficiency with vomiting HT palpitations; insomnia Qi exhausted from vomiting
-4 SP Qi deficiency and ST Qi
::1: SP Qi deficiency; abdominal
GUAN deficiency; distended abdomen; LV Yin exhausted
z emaciation
distention

"Cinnabar Field" (Original Qi) Cold;

CHI Sperm atorrhea; diarrhea KD Yang Cold and exhausted
Yin collapsed

BILATERAL LEFT RIGHT

Ul
!: Mucus in chest; vomiting; belching
CUN HT Heat; fitful sleep Mucus with vomiting or nausea
"'I with sour taste; stiff tongue; cough
"'I
m GUAN LV and SP Heat; Food stagnation LV Fire; vertigo SP Heat; food stagnation
::a
-< CHI "Wasting and Thirsting"; diarrhea;
Dark urine; difficult urination Diarrhea; Fire ascending
hernia; urinary problems

BILATERAL LEFT RIGHT

CUN LU Qi deficiency; cough with foamy

(') HT Qi deficiency; chest pain HT pain; HT pa Ipitations
sputum
::1:
0 SP Qi and ST Qi deficiency; painful,
"'I GUAN LV Blood deficiency Weak SP; inability to eat
"'I distended flank
-< Jing and Blood are injured;
CHI constipation or dribbling urin ation, Lowe r back is weak and sore Weak Life-Gate Fire; Jing is injured
or bleeding from anus

Diagnosis I Palpation
68 DIAGNOSIS

81l.AT£RAL LEFT RIGHT

Mucus obstructing diaphragm; Headache; chest and flank pain
CUN HT pain
headache
······•·········

[!"
Malaria; palpable masses in SP Qi deficiency; Cold stagnant
GUAN (omitted) food
abdomen; spasms
Lower back and leg pain; cramps;
CHI Hernia; leg cramps Abdominal pain; diarrhea
lower abdominal pain; hernia

External Cold; asthma; cough; tight

Feverish head; stiff neck; HT pain
diaphragm
obstructing Middle Distended epigastrium and abdomen

Cold; running Pain unrl•>rnP::.1·h navel; sore legs;

Running piglet illness; hernia
consti

! -~~ ... LEFT

li
c:.·•. <;·>" • • • .••
·.··· RIGHT
Shortness of breath; spontaneous
CUN Yang deficiency HT palpitations; forgetfulness
~« sweating
GUAN SP Qi and ST Qi deficiency Spasms Diarrhea
~···;
;.:; .. CHI Yang collapse; Yin deficiency Yin deficiency Yang collapse

Jing deficiency; fear of cold; KD d I region;

diabetes extre

LEFT RIGHT
Rebellious Qi; swollen face; cough;
Irritability; epilepsy; Wind-Heat
asthma

(omitted) Stagnant Qi; Excess ST Qi;

Wind with vertigo; hernia
distended abdomen
(omitted) KD Qi obstructed Dark urine; constipation

Diagnosis I Palpation
 DIAGNOSIS 69

OTHER PALPATIONS

Cold feeling Cold pattern

Four limbs cold Both SP and ST Yang deficiency
COLD
Loins, lower back or feet cold KD Yang deficiency
-1
m
Lower abdomen cold SP Yang deficiency
s:
"'C
m Skin hot Damp-Heat

~c: Skin hot on first touch ~ ceases to feel hot

if the pressure is maintained
Exterior Wind-Heat pathogen still on the Exterior
~
m HEAT Skin over a blood vessel hot on medium
Interior Heat in Middle Jiao or HT
tn pressure but not on heavy pressure
~ Skin feels hot on heavy pre ssure, which nearly
Empty-Heat from Yin deficiency
z reaches the bone
Moist skin Exterior Wind
Moist without exterior symptom s LU Qi deficiency
Dry skin Blood deficiency, LU Yin deficiency
MOISTURE & Rough skin Bi Syndrome from Wind
TEXTURE Exhaustion of Body Fluids, Severe deficiency, LV
Scaly and dry skin
Blood dryness
Swollen skin, pitting "Water swelling" from SP/KD Yang deficiency
Swollen skin, not pitting "Qi swelling" from Damp or Qi stagnation

SP/ST Yang def iciency (Common cause)

Cold hands and feet
Phlegm or inte rior Heat obstructing Qi circulation (Less common)
Cold hands LU/HT Yang deficiency
!: COLD HANDS Cold feet KD Yang deficiency
i:
111:1 AND FEET Cold hands and feet in women Blood deficiency
tn
Cold hands in women HT Blood deficiency
Cold feet in women LV Blood deficiency
Cold fingers and toes LV Qi stagnation

Clearly felt, not hard, relat ively slow Normal

Feeble and without strength Gathering (Zong) Qi deficiency
Strong and hard LU/HT excess condition
APICAL PULSE Large but empty HT Qi deficiency
Stopping and starting Severe shock or alcoholism
Discrepancy between apical and radi al pul se Poor prognosis
Rapid Shock, fright or outburst of anger
AREA BELOW Should feel soft (vs. th e rest of abdomen)
XYPHOID Hard on palpation Full condition, Qi stagnation (from emotional problems)
PROCESS Too soft on palpation HT deficiency
Tender with light palpation of RN1 7 HT Blood stasis
Tender around the center LU excess condition
n CHEST Tenderness relieved by palpation HT/LU deficiency condition
::z:
m Tenderness relieved by light palpation but
tn Deficiency + Excess
.... elicited by deeper palpation
Relatively soft Phlegm
Relatively hard Blood stasis
BREAST Disti net edges Phlegm
LUMPS Indistinct edges Toxic Heat
Mobile on palpation Phlegm
Immovable on palpation Blood stasis or Toxic Heat
Fibrocystic disease (sma ll, mult iple, mova ble lumps
with distinct edges, changing size acco rding to the Qi stagnation and Phlegm
MOST menstrual cycl e)
COMMON
Fibroadenoma (si ngle, relative ly hard, mova bl e Phlegm and Blood stasis
BREAST lump with distin ct edges, possibly painful)
LUMPS
Carcinoma of the brea st (single, hard, immova ble,
painless lump with indistin ct margi ns) Blood sta sis, Qi stagnation and Phlegm

Diagnosis I Palpation
70 DIAGNOSIS

Hard Full
,.
1111
Too soft
Ache relieved by palpation
Empty
Empty
g
ABDOMINAL Pain aggravated by palpation Full
0 PALPATION
1: Lower abdomen soft and flabby Original (Yuan) Qi deficiency
m
z Abdominal masses that come and go move on
palpation
Qi stagnation

Fixed abdominal masses Blood stasis

• Sharp pain ¢ Full in relevant organ (either spontaneous or on pressure)

Back Transporting points
• Dull soreness ¢ Empty if dull soreness (either spontaneous or on
pressure)

.,. Other back points •• UB43(LU), UBS2(KD)

UB31,32,33,34(Reproductive system, esp. in women)

2 PALPATION •• For pathological changes of the Internal Organs

...U»z OF POINTS
Front Collecting points
•
Full if points are tender on palpation
Empty pattern if palpation relieves tenderness

Lower Sea Points •• For diagnosing stomach or intestinal diseases

ST36(ST), ST37(LI). ST39(SI), Lanweixue(appendix)

Ah Shi points
• Dull soreness on pressure indicates an Empty condition of the
channel influencing that area
• sharp pain on pressure indicates a Full condition of the channel

Diagnosis I Palpation
 DIAGNOSIS 71

DIFFERENTIATION OF SYNDROMES

DIFFERENTIATION
(IDENTIFICATION OF PATTERNS)

1 EIGHT PRINCIPLES

2 Ql, BLOOD, AND BODY FLUIDS

3 lANG FU

4 PATHOGENIC FACTORS
s FIVE ELEMENTS

6 CHANNELS
7 SHANG HAN LUN (SIX STAGES)
8 WEN BING LUN (FOUR LEVELS)

9 THREE BURNERS

1. EIGHT PRINCIPLE DIFFERENTIATION

YANG 11!1; YIN ~

Exterior ~ (Bioa) Interior ~ (Li)

Heat ~ (Re) Cold :!!: (H an)

Excess ';!f (Shi) Deficiency G![ (Xu)

EXTERIOR-INTERIOR

SYNDROME COMMON DISTINGUISHING SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Severe chil ls, mild fever, no sweating, absence of thirst

EXTERIOR COLD GJ Thin, white and moist tongue coating
® Superficial and tense
Chills, fever, headache,
Mild chills, severe fever, no sweating or sweating, thirst
general aching
EXTERIOR EXTERIOR HEAT
GJ Thin coating GJ Thin and yellow tongue coating

® Superficial ® Superficial and rapid

EXTERIOR DEFICIENCY Sweating

EXTERIOR EXCESS No sweating

Differentiation I 1. Eight Principle

72 DIAGNOSIS

HEAT-COLD
HEAT
Red complexion, fever, thirst with preference for cold drinks, constipation, deep-yellow and scanty urine
CD Red tongue with yellow and dry coating, ® Rapid pulse
EXCES5-HEAT (FULL-HEAT) DEFICIENCY-HEAT (EMPTY-HEAT)

• Whole face red • Malar flush

• Desire to drink cold water • Desire to drink warm water, or cold water in small sips

• Red all over inside eyelid • Thin red line inside eyelid

• Bitter taste • No bitter taste

• Feeling heat all day • Feeling heat in the afternoon or evening

• High fever • Low-grade fever

• Very restless and agitated • Vague anxiety, fidgeting

• Constipation, abdominal pain • Dry stools, no abdominal pain

• Profuse bleeding • Slight bleeding

• Dream-disturbed, very restless sleep

• Waking up frequently during the night or early morning

• Red-hot-painful skin eruption

• Scarlet-red, not raised, painless skin eruptions

• CD Red with yellow coating

• CD® Red and peeled or thin

•® Excess-rapid-surging
• Superficial-deficiency-rapid

• TX: Clear heat

Etiology of Full-Heat
• TX: Nourish Yin, clear deficient-heat
Etiology of Empty-Heat
• Emotional problems • Overwork (in the sense of working long hours)
• Diet (too much red meat, spices, alcohol)
• Irregular eating
• An external pathogenic factor that has penetrated into
the Interior and transformed into Heat
•• Excessive sexual activity
Persistent, heavy blood loss (such as in menorrhagia)

COLD
Pallor, aversion to cold, absence of thirst or drinking a little hot drinks, loose stools, clear urine increased in volume
CD pale tongue with white and moist coating, ® slow pulse
EXCES5-COLD (FULL-COLD) DEFICIENCY-COLD (EMPTY-COLD)
• Bright-white
• Sallow-white

• Sharp pain, worse on pressure

• Dull pain, better on pressure

• CD Better after bowel movement

• Worse after bowel movement

•® Thick-white coating
• CD Thin-white coating

• Excess-tight-deep
ETIOLOGY
•® Weak-slow-deep
ETIOLOGY

•• •
Cold foods (salads, fruit, iced drinks) Excessive physical work

••
External Cold that penetrates into the Interior Diet, i.e. inadequate consumption of hot foods
Excessive sexual activity causing KD Yang deficiency
• Internal Cold injuring Yang

TRUE/FALSE HEAT AND COLD

'
! 1RUE COLD + FALSE HEAT TRUE HEAT + FALSE COLD
Red cheeks, but red color is like powder, rest of
Dark face, bright eyes with spirit, red-dry lips,
LOOKING face white; irritability but also listlessness, desire to
irritability, CD Strong body tongue, red, dry
lie with body curled-up; CD Pale and wet tongue
HEARING Breathing quiet, low voice Breathing noisy, loud voice
Thirst but no desire to drink, or desire to drink
warm fluids, body feels hot but he or she likes to Thirst with desire to drink cold fluids; scanty-dark
ASKING
be covered; sore throat but without redness or urine, constipation, burning sensation in anus
swelling; pale urine
FEELING ® Rapid, superficial and big but empty ® Deep, excess, cold limbs but chest is hot

Differentiation I 1. Eight Principle

 DIAGNOSIS 73

MIXED HEAT AND COLD

HEAT COLD
COLD on the exterior + HEAT in the interior
HEAT on the exterior + COLD in the interior
HEAT above + COLD below
HEAT pattern + COLD pattern
True COLD + False HEAT
True HEAT + False COLD

EXCESS-DEFICIENCY

EXCESS (FULL) DEFICIENCY (EMPTY)

Sturdiness, agitation, sonorous voice, coarse breathing,
distension and fullness in the chest and abdomen, pain
aggravated by pressure, constipation or tenesmus, dysuria
Emaciation, listlessness, lassitude, feeble breathing, dislike
of speaking, pallor, palpitations, shortness of breath,
insomnia, poor memory, spontaneous and night sweating,
nocturnal emission, nocturnal enuresis, pain alleviated by
pressure

(f) Thick and sticky tongue coating (f) Dry tongue with no coating or little coating
® Pulse of excess type ® Pulse of deficiency type
CHARACTERIZED BY CHARACTERIZED BY

The presence of a pathogenic factor Emptiness (Deficiency) of the Upright Qi

while the Upright Qi is relatively intact and the absence of a pathogenic factor

MIXED EXCESS AND DEFICIENCY

DEFICIENCY EXCESS

KD Yin deficiency + LV Yang rising

KD Yin deficiency
LV Blood deficiency
SP Qi deficiency
Qi or Blood deficiency
KD Yang deficiency
+ HT Deficient-heat flaring up
+ LV Yang rising
+ Damp or Phlegm retention
+ Blood stasis
+ Damp

TYPES OF DEFICIENCY

Ql DEFICIENCY YANG DEFICIENCY BLOOD DEFICEINCY YIN DEFICIENCY

Pale face, weak voice, slight
sweating, slight shortness of
breath, tiredness, loose
stools, a poor appetite
® Empty
Chilliness, a bright pale face,
cold limbs, absence of thirst,
a desire for hot drinks,
loose stools, frequent pale
urination
(f) Pale and wet
® Weak
Dull-pale face, pale lips,
blurred vision, dry hair,
tiredness, poor memory,
numbness or tingling,
insomnia, scanty periods
(f) Pale-Thin
® Fine or Choppy
Feeling of heat in the
afternoon or evening, a dry
throat at night, night
sweating, a thin body
(f) Red-Peeled and dry
® Floating-Empty

Differentiation I 1. Eight Principle

74 DIAGNOSIS

YANG-YIN

YANG DEFICIENCY YIN DEFICIENCY

Chills, cold limbs, listlessness, lassitude, spontaneous Afternoon fever, malar flush, heat sensation in the palms
sweating, absence of thirst, clear urine increased in volume, and soles, night sweating, dryness of the throat and
loose stools mouth, yellow urine, dry stools
GJ Pale tongue with white coating GJ Red tongue with little coating
®Weak ® Thready and rapid

YANG COLLAPSE & YIN COLLAPSE

YANG COLLAPSE YIN COLLAPSE

CAM CAM
Profuse cold sweat like pearls, coolness of the body, cold Sticky sweat, feverishness of the body, warm hands and
hands and feet, feeble breathing, listlessness, absence of feet, shortness of breath, irritability, restlessness, thirst with
thirst or preference for hot drink preference for cold drinks

GJ Pale and Moist GJ Red and Dry

® Thready and Fading ® Thready, Rapid and Weak
FCM FCM
Chilliness, cold limbs, weak breathing, profuse sweating with Abundant perspiration, a skin hot to the touch, hot limbs,
an oily sweat, absence of thirst, frequent profuse urination a dry mouth with a desire to drink cold liquids in small
or incontinence, loose stools or incontinence sips, retention of urine, constipation

GJ Pale-Wet-Swollen-Short GJ Red-Peeled, Short and Dry

® Minute-Deep ® Floating-Empty and Rapid

2. Ql, BLOOD AND BODY FLUIDS DIFFERENTIATI ON

Ql DEFICIENCY Ql SINKING Ql STAGNATION

Breathlessness, weak voice, spontaneous
sweating, no appetite, loose stools,
tiredness
® empty pulse
Feeling of bearing down, tiredness,
listlessness, mental depression, prolapse
of organs (stomach, uterus, intestines,
anus, vagina or bladder)
® empty pulse
REBELLIOUS Ql
Feeling of distension, distending pain
that moves from place to place,
abdominal masses that appear and
disappear, mental depression, irritability,
gloomy feeling, frequent mood swings,
frequent sighing
® string-taut or tight pulse
GJ slightly purple tongue

ORGAN NORMAL Ql DIRECTION PATHOLOGICAL Ql DIRECTION SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

c
...1'
ST Belching, hiccup, nausea, vomiting
SP c Diarrhea, prolapse
1' Headache, dizziness, irritability
c -+ ST Nausea, belching, vomiting
LV c c Horizontally -+ SP Diarrhea
c -+ Ll Dry stools
... Burning urination
LU c 1' Cough, asthma
KD c 1' Asthma
HT c 1' Mental restlessness, insomnia

Differentiation I 2. Qi, Blood and Body Fluids

 DIAGNOSIS 75

BLOOD

COMMON S/S DETAIL

ORGAN SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Pallor, dizziness and vertigo, insomnia, blurring of vision, "floaters in
eyes", dryness of the eyes, night blindness, numbness of the limbs,
LV spasm of the tendons, cramps, scanty menstrual flow or amenorrhea,
withered and brittle nails, dry hair and skin
"'50 Sallow complexion, pale (f) Pale, ® Thready
0
lips, dizziness, poor Palpitations, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep, dizziness and vertigo, poor
0 memory, numbness, HT memory, pallor, pale lips, anxiety, tendency to be startled
..,
m
blurred vision, insomnia
n (f) Pale, thin, slightly dry, ® Thready and weak
;;; (f) Pale and slightly dry
z PATHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
n
<
® Hesitant and thready
SP deficiency c m
0 c LV Yang rising
"TIIXI
-r
LV deficiency c Qo c LV Wind
mo
~0
KD deficiency c < c Dryness

ORGAN SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

purple nails, a dark face, painful periods with dark menstrual blood with
LV dark clots, abdominal pain, premenstrual pain
(f) purple tongue especially on the sides, ® wiry or firm pulse
Purple lips, a stabbing or prickling pain in the chest, mental restlessness,
HT (f) purple tongue on the sides towards the front, purple and distended
veins under the tongue, ® choppy or knotted pulse
Feeling of oppression of the chest, coughing of dark blood
LU (f) purple on the sides towards the front part, purple and distended
Dark complexion, purple
veins under the tongue
lips, pain which is boring,
,.... Epigastric pain, vomiting of the blood, dark blood in the stools
"'
0
fixed and stabbing in
character, abdominal
ST
(f) purple in the center
0
0
masses that do not move, Ll Severe abdominal pain, dark blood in the stools
Ill

~
iii
purple nails, bleeding with
dark blood and dark clots
Painful periods, premenstrual pain, dark menstrual blood with dark clots,
UTERUS amenorrhea, fixed abdominal masses
(f) Purple (f) purple tongue, ® wiry or firm pulse
® String-taut, hesitant CAUSE OF BLOOD STASIS
fails to move C
Qi stagnation
m
Qi deficiency
fails to move C
5
0
condenses Blood C c
Blood Heat
en
does not move C -1
Blood deficiency
~
Interior Cold
congeals Blood C Cii

ORGAN SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Feeling of heat, skin dz.
5"'0 with red eruptions, dry HT Anxiety, mental restlessness and mouth ulcers
0 mouth, bleeding LV Skin disease characteri zed by itching, heat and redness
::1:
m CD Red UTERUS Excessive blood loss during the periods
~ ® Rapid Ll Blood in the stools
CAUSE COLOR QUANTITY
5"'
0
Epistaxis, hematemesis,
EXCESS
Blood Heat Fresh red or dark Heavy loss
hemoptysis, melaena,
0 Blood stasis Very dark with clots Scanty loss
,... menorrhagia, metrorrhagia,
0 Qi defici ency Pale Heavy loss, prolonged
Ill
Ill
hematuria DEFICIENCY
Yin deficiency Bright-red Scanty

Differentiation I 2. Qi, Blood and Body Fluids

76 DIAGNOSIS

Ql STAGNATION VS. BLOOD STASIS

Ql STAGNATION BLOOD STASIS · ...

Pain/distension More distension than pain More pain than distension

Location Moving pain Fixed pain
Character Distending pain, feeling of fullness Boring or stabbing pain
Abdominal masses Appearing and disappearing Fixed
Skin Not appearing on skin May manifest with purple blotches or bruises
Face May be unchanged Dark color or bluish-green
Tongue Normal color or slightly purple Definitely purple and possibly with purple spots
Pulse Only slightly string-taut String-taut, hesitant

BODY-FLUIDS PATTERNS
-
Diet (Drying f~. irregular eating) c
.. ·
..

Yif\ ~eficiency
•· •·
Heavy !Qss ·of Blood
c
c
0~
mo
! .• _,
::!!-<
CAUSES Profuse sweating c 0

,~ Profuse diarrhea c !:E

o-
,...
I

-<0
~ Profuse vomiting ... c U)

0
m
Severe, chronic ·Blood deficiency c c____

:::!:!
az GENERAL SYMPTOMS
LU
Dry skin, mouth, nose, cough, lips, tongue
Dry skin and dry cough
~ Dry tongue with horizontal cracks and a dry mouth but without a desire to drink, or
TARGET ST
with a desire to drink in small sips
ORGANS
KD Scanty urination, a dry mouth at night and a dry throat
Ll Dry stools
LU Not diffusing and descending fluids -+ m ¢ Upper face and hands
m ••· TARGET cm
SP Not transforming and transporting -+ s: ¢ Middle abdomen and limbs
cm ORGANS
s: KD Not transforming and excreting fluids -+ )> ¢ Lower lower part, legs/ankles
)>
Pitting Deficiency of Yang of SP, LU or KD
PITTING
Non-Pitting Qi stagnation or Dampness

PHLEGM PATTERNS

SUBSTANTIAL PHLEGM vs. NON-SUBSTANTIAL PHLEGM

Oppression of the chest, nausea, heaviness, a feeling of muzziness of the head and dizziness
ESSENTIAL
MANifESTATION
CD Swollen body with Sticky coating
® Slippery or Wiry
SUBSTANTIAL LU phlegm
SKIN Lumps under the skin, nerve ganglia swellings, swelling of lymph nodes or thyroid, lipomas
CHANNELS Numbness
NON- HT Mental illness, mental confusion, depression, anxiety
SUBSTANTIAL
GB or KD Gall Bladder or Kidney stones
JOINTS Bone deformities in chronic rheumatoid arthritis

Differentiation I 2. Qi, Blood and Body Fluids

 DIAGNOSIS 77

TYPES OF PHLEGM

TYPES MANIFESTATION CA BOARD FORMULA

Dizziness, nausea, vomiting, numbness of the limbs, coughing, coughing of Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian
WIND-PHLEGM
phlegm, a rattling sound in the throat and aphasia Ma Tang
Expectoration of yellow-sticky phlegm, a red face, dry mouth and lips,
PHLEGM-HEAT Ding Chuan Tang
restlessness, GJ red tongue with sticky-yellow coating, ® rapid-rolling pulse

COLD-PHLEGM
Expectoration of white-watery phlegm, a cold feeling in the limbs and back,
Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang
nausea, GJ pale tongue with white-wet coating, ® deep-rolling-slow pulse
Expectoration of very profuse phlegm which is white and sticky, no appetite,
DAMP-PHLEGM no thirst, a feeling of oppression of chest and epigastrium, GJ sticky tongue Er Chen Tang
coating, ® rolling pulse

Non-substantial, feeling of swelling in the throat (but no actual swelling), a

QI-PHLEGM Ban Xia Hou Po Tang
difficulty in swallowing and a feeling of oppression of chest and diaphragm

PHLEGM-FLUIDS Substantial phlegm characterized by very watery and thin fluids C TAN-YIN chart

TAN-YIN PHLEGM-FLUID (FCM) = RHEUM (PRO)

NAME Primary Sign
: Abdominal fullness and distension, vomiting of watery fluids, a dry tongue and mouth wit hout a desire
PHLEGM FLUID
m~ to drink, a splashing sound in the stomach, a feeling of fullness of the chest, loose stools, loss of
(ST and Intestines)
( >;!~ ) weight, a Deep-Slippery or Wiry pulse and a Swollen tongue with sticky coating
=Phlegm-Fluid 0
Key Symptom: Gurgling sound

SUSPENDED FLUIDS Hypochondria! pain that is worse on coughing and breathing, a feeling of distension of the
~~
(Hypochondrium) hypochondrium, shortness of breath, a Swollen tongue with a sticky coating and a Deep-Wiry pulse
~ ~~ )
=Suspended Rheum 0
Key Symptom: Cough, ribcage pain

FLOODING FLUIDS Feeling of heaviness of the body, a pain in the muscles, absence of sweating, lack of desire to drink,
~~
(Limbs)
=Spillage Rheum
( ~@ )
.
a cough with abundant white sputum, a Swollen tongue with a sticky white coating and a Wiry pulse
Key Symptom: Pain, deep heaviness, puffy swelling

Cough, asthma, edema, a feeling of oppression of the chest, dizziness, abundant white sputum, a
PROPPING FLUIDS
(Above diaphragm) x v.: Swollen tongue with a sticky, thick, white coating and a Wiry pulse. All the symptoms are aggravated
(XI ~ ) by exposure to cold
=Propping Rheum • Key Symptom: Cough, panting, inability to lie flat

3o ZANG FU DIFFERENTIATION

OTHER DIFFERENTIATION+ TARGET ORGAN

Ql, BLOOD, BODY FLUIDS DIFFERENTIATION ZANG FU DIFFERENTIATION

Shortness of breath, w eak voice, c LU Qi deficiency Shortness of breath, weak voice

Qi deficiency tiredness, poor appetite, loose stools,
pale face, GJ Pale ® Empty c SP Qi deficiency Tiredness, poor appetite, loose stools

Differentiation I 3o Zang Fu
78 DIAGNOSIS

ZANGFU PATTERN COMPARISON

CHINESE FCM CAM PRO

llf*liHi'i LV Qi stagnation LV Qi stagnation Binding Depression of LV Qi

• LV Qi stagnation turning into Heat • •

• Rebellious LV Qi • •
FULL •/lf:.k..tili' LV Blood Stasis
LV Fire Blazing
•
LV Fire Flare-up
•
LV Fire flaming upward
llflllli~AA LV Damp Heat
• •
~;mllf~
JlflfiL~
Cold stagnation in LV channel
LV Blood deficiency
Cold retention in LV Meridian
LV Blood insufficiency
•
LV Blood vacuity
EMPTY llf~~ LV Yin deficiency
• LV Yin vacuity

LV
•
/lf~..tJt
•
LV Yang rising
•LV Yang rising LV Yang vacuity
Ascending hyperactivity of LV Yang
Extreme Heat -7 Wind Extreme Heat stirring Wind Extreme Heat stirring Wind
r- LV Yin deficiency
FULL+ /lfOO.rXIJJJ < LV Yang
LV/KD Yin deficiency LV Yang turing into Wind LV Yang transforming into Wind
EMPTY 1. !!I!Wi:'t®. rising
2. Jffllli\1t®. ~ LV Blood deficiency
3. Jili.Ji[:'t@. z
0
LV Blood deficiency -7 Wind Blood deficiency producing Wind
•
LV Fire -7 Wind
•LV and SP imbalance •
llfAA!~~ Rebellious LV Qi invading SP •
COMB I
llf ~::P'fQ Rebellious LV Qi invading ST LV and ST disharmony
•
llf :.k 11'./trli LV Fire insulting LU LV Fire invade LU
•
,c_,JjflfiL~
HT and LV Blood deficiency
• •
• GB Damp • •
FULL • GB Damp-Heat • •
• • • GB Heat congesting and stagnating
GB llU'f~l£
• • Depressed GB with Phlegm harassing

EMPTY • GB deficiency
• •
COMB I
•
llfM!~AA
•
LV/GB Damp-Heat
•
LV/GB Damp-Heat
LV/GB Vacuity Vexation
LV/GB Damp-Heat

'. CHINESE FCM CAM PRO

,c_,li(\~ HT Qi deficiency HT Qi deficiency HT Qi vacuity
,c_,~~ HT Yang deficiency HT Yang deficiency HT Yang vacuity
EMPTY ,c_,~~llit

,c_,lfiL~
HT Yang collapse
HT Blood deficiency
•
HT Blood deficiency
•
HT Blood vacuity
,c_,~~ HT Yin deficiency HT Yin deficiency HT Yin vacuity
,c_,;kJtlll'i HT Fire blazing HT Fire hyperactivity HT Fire flaming upward
HT
~:.ki&'C.' Phlegm Fire Harassing HT Phlegm-Fire disturbing HT Phlegm-Fire harassing HT
~~'L'i&' Phlegm Misting Mind Phlegm misting HT Phlegm confounding HT orifices
FULL
du~;m HT Qi Stagnation
• Depressed HT Qi pattern
,L~iW~.ll HT Vessel obstructed
• •
E+F
•,c_,lfiLIN.ll •
HT Blood stasis
•
HT Blood stagnation
Irregularity of HT Vessel
HT Blood stasis obstruction
lj\~·~

'''im*t~
51 Full Heat
51 Qi Pain
•
Pain due to Qi disturbance in 51
51 repletion Heat
51 Qi Pain
FULL
Sl • 51 Qi Tied • •
• Infestation of worms in 51
• •
EMPTY '''im~~ 51 deficiency and Cold
• •
• PC Heat
• •
• PC Fire
• •
PC
FULL • Phlegm-Fire harassing PC • •
• PC Qi stagnation
• •
• PC Blood stasis • •
EMPTY • PC Blood deficiency • •

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 79

"'~~ SP Qi deficiency SP Qi deficiency SP/ST Qi vacuity

Will!&~ SP Yang deficiency SP Yang deficiency SP Yang vacuity
EMPTY
<P~T~
W!!Hitltll
SP Qi Sinking
SP not controlling Blood
•
SP not controll ing Blood
•
SP not controlling Blood
• SP Blood deficiency
• •
SP •
~;I,; I!!"'
•
Cold-Damp invading SP
•
Cold-Damp invading SP
SP Yin vacuity

FULL Cold-Damp encumbering SP

i.!!,~l£"' Damp-Heat invading SP SP/ST Damp-Heat Damp-Heat of SP/ST
·U~iifii~ SP and HT Blood deficiency Both HT and SP deficiency Dual vacuity of HT and SP
"'llititt~ SP and LU Qi deficiency LU and SP Qi deficiency LU and SP Qi vacuity
COMBI
• SP and LV Blood deficiency
• •
• SP Damp + LV Qi stagnation
• •
• ST Qi deficiency
• •
EMPTY • ST deficiency and Cold
• •
1!1~~ ST Yin deficiency ST Yin insufficiency ST Yin vacuity
!!!Ml~U!l
!!!vdlUll
ST Qi stagnation
ST Fire (or Phlegm-Fire)
•
ST Fire hyperactivity
•
Scorching Exuberance of ST Heat
ST ~me!!! Cold Invading ST ST Fluid retention due to Cold ST Cold Qi stagnation
FULL • ST Qi rebelling upwards
• •
• ST Damp-Heat
• •
:ld!ll!l/1]\; Food retention in the ST Food retention in ST Food stagnating in ST duct
l!i!mlfll!m ST Blood stasis
• •
COMBI • ST and SP Qi deficiency
• •
llititi~ LU Qi deficiency LU Qi deficiency LU Qi vacuity
EMPTY lliti!t~ LU Yin deficiency LU Yin insufficiency LU Yin vacuity
ii.l!fllillliti
m~*lliti
LU Dryness
LU Wind-Cold
•
Pathogenic Wind Invading LU
LU Dryness Cough
Wind-Cold assailing LU

LU
!• !ll.~~elliti

~!fll~lliti
LU Wind-Heat
LU Wind-Water
LU Heat
•
•
•
•
•
Heat evil congesting LU
"T1
cr-
z •
ffli.!!, ~l!lliti LU Damp-Phlegm LU Phlegm-Damp retention
•
r-
-i
m
;a ffl~lilliti
LU Cold-Phlegm
LU Phlegm-Heat
•
LU Phlegm-Heat retention
•
Phlegm turbidity obstructing LU
0
;a • LU Dry-Phlegm
• •
• Phlegm-Fluid obstructing LU • •
• • • Water-Cold shooting into LU
COMBI •(:lliti~~

:*:~;.!!,~
LU and HT Qi deficiency
Ll Damp-Heat
•
Ll Damp-Heat
HT and LU Qi vacuity
Ll Damp-Heat
• Ll Heat • •
• Ll Heat obstruction • •
FULL • Cold invading Ll • •
Ll • • • Ll Cold-Damp
• • • Intestinal welling Abscess pattern
• Ll Qi stagnation • •
*~~~ Ll Dry Ll Fluid consumption •
EMPTY • Ll Cold • •
~~;~;1.:1 Ll Collapse • •
~Ill&~ KD Yang deficiency KD Yang insufficiency KD Yang vacuity pattern
~~~ KD Yin deficiency KD Yin insufficiency KD Yin vacuity
EMPTY ~l\.1'~ KD Qi not firm KD Qi deficiency KD Qi insecurity
~1'~~ KD failing to receive Qi LU and KD Qi deficiency KD not absorbi ng Qi
~fiHJE KD Essence deficiency
• KD Essence insufficiency

KD EMPTY • KD Yang deficiency + Water '\]

• KD vacuity Water flood
+ FULL • KD Yin deficiency + Empty-Heat 'fr
• •
lff~ll.#i~
{.'~1' 5<:
KD and LV Yin deficiency
KD and HT not harmon ized
LV and KD Yin deficiency
HT and KD disharmony
•Non-interaction of HT and KD
COMBI lliti~ F!t ~ KD and LU Yin deficiency LU and KD Yin deficiency LU and KD Yin vacuity
W!!~ lll& ~ KD and SP Yang deficiency SP and KD Yang deficiency SP and KD Yang vacuity
•
Mllli't~~
•
UB Damp-Heat
•UB Damp-Heat HT and KD Yang vacuity
UB Damp-Heat

UB
FULL • UB Damp-Cold • •UB Damp turbid ity
• •
EMPTY Mllli't~~ UB deficient and Cold
• UB Vacuity Cold

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
80 DIAGNOSIS

TREATMENTS FOR ZANGFU PATTERNS

·.. CH(l(O) FCM FORMU~ (FCM/PRO) ACUPUNCTURE (FCM)

llf~~*"' LV Qi stagnation
•• Vue Ju Wan
Xiao Yao San GB34, LV3, LV13, LV14, SJ6, PC6
(l!JI~>1)
• Chai Hu Shu Gan Tang (PRD)

• LV Qi stagnation --7 Heat • Dan Zhi Xiao Yao San GB34, LV3, LV13, LV14, SJ6, PC6, LV2

• Rebellious LV Qi
• Chai Hu Shu Gan Tang LV14, PC6, GB34, LV3, SJ6, Ll4, ST21, ST19

FULL
• LV Blood Stasis
•• Ge Xia Zhu Yu Tang
Shi Xiao San
GB34, LV3, UB18, UB17, SPlO, RN6, SP4, PC6,
ST29, KD14, LVS, LV6
• Van Hu Suo Tang

••
llf:k_l~ Long Dan Xie Gan Tang LV2, LV3, GB20, GB13, Llll, GBl, GB9, GB8,
(ZL2J-~~)
LV Fire Blazing GB6, SP6, LVl
Dang Gui Long Hui Tang

llflll!!~~
cz..tgB~J
LV Damp-Heat • Long Dan Xie Gan Tang LV14, GB34, UB18, RN12, SP9, SP6, Llll, LV2

~;mllfJIIK
(etxlll!"'IJ
Cold stagnation in LV ch. • Nuan Gan Jian RN3, LVS, LVl, LV3

..
JlfJfll~
m~on
LV Blood deficiency
• Bu Gan Tang
LV8, SP6, ST36, RN4, UB18, UB20, UB23,
UB17, Yuyao
EMPTY llf~~
(;:!§01) LV Yin deficiency
• Vi Guan Jian LV8, SP6, ST36, RN4, KD3, KD6, LV2

• LV Yang deficiency
• Bu Gan Tang
•
llf~_l:;t
(ztgt~~)
LV Yang rising •• Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
Ling Jiao Gou Teng Tang
LV3, SJS, PC6, Ll4, GB43, GB38, GB20, UB2,
Taiyang, GB9, GB8, GB6 (If LV Blood/Yin
deficiency: Add SP6, LV8, ST36, KD3, KD6)

LV Extreme-Heat --7 Wind •• Ling Jiao Gou Teng Tang

Da Ding Feng Zhu
LV3, Shixuan, DU20, DU16, GB20, DU8, DU14

LV Yin def.
• San Jia Fu Mai Tang LV3, GB20, Ll4, SJS, DU19, SP6, LV8, KD3
FULL+
EMPTY
Jlf!l\.P;It!J
<
LV
Yang
rising
LV/KD Yin def. • Zhen Gan Xi Feng Tang
LV3, GB20, Ll4, SJS, DU19, SP6, LV8, KD3,
KD6, RN4
(l!~LH§) ~
z LV3, GB20, Ll4, SJS, DU19, SP6, LV8, KD3,
0 LV Blood def.
• E Jiao Ji Zi Huang Tang
UB17, RN4

LV-Biood def. --7 Wind

• E Jiao Ji Zi Huang Tang
LV3, GB20, Ll4, SJS, DU19, SP6, LV8, KD3,
UB17, RN4

LV-Fire --7 Wind • Ling Jiao Gou Teng Tang LV2, LV3, GB20, Llll, GBl, SP6, LVl, DU8

llf~~~
(<:!~1 ~'[)
LV Qi invading SP
• Xiao Yao San
LV13, LV14, LV3, GB34, RN6, SJ6, PC6, ST25,
SP15, RN12, ST36, SP6, SP4, PC6

llf l!l::ffQ
•• Si Mo Tang
Xuan Fu Dai Zhe Tang
(l!'i'l ~£f) LV Qi invading ST •• Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang
Ding Xiang Shi Di Tang
LV14, GB34, RN13, RNlO, ST21, ST19, ST36,
ST34, UB21
COMBO • Ban Xia Hou Po Tang
llf :k JE.IlilJ
(l!£fgjJll)) LV Fire insulting LU
• Long Dan Xie Gan Tang LV2, LV3, LV14, RN17, RN22, PC6, LU7, Llll

{;-llf Jfll~ HT and LV Blood

•• Gui Pi Tang
Sheng Yu Tang HT7, PC6, RN14, RN15, RN4, UB17, UB20,
(~l!~Ol) deficiency •• Bu Gan Tang
Dang Gui Ji Xue Teng Tang
LV8, SP6, ST36, UB18, UB23

• GB Damp •• San Ren Tang

Yin Chen Hao Tang
GB24, LV14, RN12, GB34, Dannangxue, DU9,
UB19, UB20, SJ6, ST19

FULL • GB Damp-Heat • Yin Chen Hao Tang

GB24, LV14, RN12, GB34, Dannangxue, DU9,
UB19, UB20, Llll, SJ6, ST19

• GB Heat congesting
• Da Chai Hu Tang
•
GB Jlf!l~~~
(EH~-@H)
Depressed GB + Phlegm • Huang Lian Wen Dan Tang •
EMPTY
• GB Deficiency •• Wen Dan Tang
An Shen Ding Zhi Wan
GB40, LV8, ST36, SP6, RN4, UB18, UB47

• Vacuity Vexation of LV/GB • Suan Zao Ren Tang •

COMBI llflll!!~~
(2!§8~)
LV/GB Damp-Heat • Long Dan Xie Gan Tang
GB24, LV14, UB18, RN12, GB34, Dannangxue,
DU9, UB19, UB20, Ll11, SJ6, ST19, LV3, LVS

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 81

CH(KO) FCM FORMULA (FCM/PRD) ACUPUNCTURE (FCM)

-L.:liil~ HT Qi deficiency • Baa Yuan Tang

HTS, PC6, UB15, RN17, RN6, DU14
(e!JIOIJ
• Yang Xin Tang (PRD)
•L'~~
(e!IYOI) HT Yang deficiency
• Rou Fu Baa Yuan Tang HTS, PC6, UB15, RN17, RN6, DU14

EMPTY •L'~~~
~ ~~~~)
HT Yang collapse
• Shen Fu Tang
RN6, RN4, RN8, DU4, ST36, PC6, UB23, DU20,
DU14, UB15
{.'.Ito.~
(e!~OIJ
HT Blood deficiency
• Shen Qi Si Wu Tang HT7, PC6, RN14, RN15, RN4, UB17, UB20
'L'~~
(e!~OIJ
HT Yin deficiency
• Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan HT7, PC6, RN14, RN15, RN4, HT6, SP6, KD7

•L' :!< Ji:l!K

~ ~~~{£ )
HT Fire blazing • Xie Xin Tang
HT9, HT8, HT7, RN15, SP6, KD6, Llll, DU24,
DU19

HT
m:~< n;·c.'
(IH!£<e! J Phlegm Fire Harassing HT •• Wen Dan Tang
Meng Shi Gun Tan Wan (PRD)
PCS, HT7, HT8, HT9, PC7, RN15, UB15, RN12,
ST40, SP6, UB20, DU20, LV2, GB13, GB17,
DU24

mit HI
FULL
(@OJ e!TII Phlegm Misting Mind
• Di Tan Wan or Gun Tan Wan
PCS, HT9, UB15, ST40, DU26, RN12, UB20,
DU14

•••
Mu Xiang Liu Qi Yin
·L'liu~;m Ban Xia Hou Po Tang
( e!JI~J:li J HT Qi Stagnation PC6, HTS, HT7, RN15, RN17, LU7, ST40, Ll4
Gan Mai Da Zao Tang + An Shen
Ding Zhi Wan (PRD)

•L'!lUHil
( ~Q!fl::ll~)
HT Vessel obstructed • Zhi Shi Gua Lou Gui Zhi Tang +
Dan Shen
PC6, HTS, HT7, RN15, RN17, LU7, ST40, Ll4,
UB15, UB17, RN12

• Irregularity of HT Vessel • Zhi Gan Cao Tang •

E+F •L' Jto.lf~Jl.
( e!~Ol~ )
HT Blood stasis
• Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
PC6, PC4, HT7, RN17, UB14, UB17, SP10,
KD25

')'$\';::~
~ ~~~~ )
51 Fu ll Heat •• Dao Chi San
Dao Chi Qing Xin Tang
512, SIS, HTS, HT8, ST39

')'~lRtmi
~ ~~J I ~ J
51 Qi Pain •• Chai Hu Shu Gan Tang
Ju He Wan (PRD)
RN6, GB34, LV13, ST27, ST29, SP6, LV3, ST39

FULL
• 51 Qi Tied •• Zhi Shi Dao Wan
Tian Tai Wu Yao San
ST39, Lanweixue, RN6, GB34, ST25, SP6, LV3
51
•• Li Zhong An Hui Tang
Lian Mei An Hui Tang
• Infestation of worms in 51 Not applicabl e

••
Hua Chong Wan
Qu Tiao Tang

EMPTY ')'~~~
~ ~~01~ )
51 deficiency and Cold •• Xian Jian Zhong Tang
Shen Ling Bai Zhu San
RN6, ST25, ST39, ST36, UB20, UB27

• PC Heat • Qing Ying Tang PC9, PC8, HT9, KD6

PC8, HT8, UB14, RN15, RN14, RN17, Lll l,

• PC fire • Xie Xin Tang
DU24, DU19, SP6, LV2

PCS, HT7, HT8, HT9, PC7, RN15, UB15, UB14,

FULL • Phlegm-Fire harassi ng PC • Wen Dan Tang RN17, RN12, ST40, SP6, UB20, DU20, LV2,
GB13, GB17, DU24
PC
• PC Qi stagnation •• Mu Xiang Liu Qi Yin
Ban Xia Hou Po Tang
PC6, HTS, HT7, RN14, RN15, RN17, UB14,
LU7, ST40, Ll4

PC6, PC4, HT7, RN14, RN17, UB14, UB17,

• PC Blood stasis • Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
SP10

PC6, HT7, RN14, RN15, RN4, UB17, UB20,

EMPTY • PC Blood deficiency
• Shen Qi Si Wu Tang
UB14, RN17, PC6, SP4

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
82 DIAGNOSIS

OtfKO) · ... · .. FCM FORMULA (FCM/PRD) ACUPUf\ICJ:\IRI! {.fCMj

Jl!lli!l~
(~I7151) SP Qi deficiency •• Si Jun Zi Tang
Liu Jun Zi Tang
RN12, ST36, SP3, SP6, UB20, UB21

Jl!l~~ RN12, ST36, SP3, SP6, UB20, UB21, SP9, RN9,

(~12151)
SP Yang deficiency
• Li Zhong Wan
ST28, UB22

EMPTY
<Pli!lT'il
(§JI5f~)
SP Qi Sinking
• Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang
RN12, ST36, SP3, SP6, UB20, UB21, DU20,
RN6, ST21, DUl

Jl!l:f~.ll[
(~I!!1l§l!!)
SP not controlling Blood
• Gui Pi Tang
RN12, ST36, SP3, SP6, UB20, UB21, SPlO,
UB17, SPl, SP4

• SP Blood deficiency
• Gui Pi Tang
RN12, ST36, SP3, SP6, UB20, UB21, RN4,
UB17

• SP Yin deficiency
• Zhong He Li Yin Tang •
SP ~~):l§Jl!l
(et§2~1)
Cold-Damp invading SP •• Ping Wei San
Wei Ling Tang (PRD)
SP9, SP6, RN12, SP3, ST8, UB22, UB20, RN9,
RNll, ST22, ST28
FULL
~~$£Jl!l
(§IH~~I)
Damp-Heat invading SP •• Lian Po Yin
Yin Chen Hao Tang (PRD)
SP9, SP6, DU9, Llll, UB20, GB34, RN9, RNll,
ST22, ST28, UB22
·.

•L'Jl!lffi~
(e!~l2151)
SP Qi and HT Blood def.
• Gui Pi Tang
HT7, PC6, RN14, RN15, RN4, UB17, UB20,
RN12, ST36, SP6

ijl/fJiitili!l~
(~IIlii 7151) SP and LU Qi deficiency •• Si Jun Zi Tang
Liu Jun Zi Tang (PRD)
LU9, LU7, RN6, UB13, DU12, ST36, RN12, SP3,
SP6, UB20, UB21

COMBI LV8, SP6, RN4, UB18, UB23, RN12, ST36, SP3,

• SP and LV Blood def.
• Gui Pi Tang
UB20, UB21, UB17

••
Ping Wei S.+ Mu Xiang, Xiang Fu
Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San + Mu RN12, SP6, SP3, SP9, UB20, LV13, LV14, GB24,
• SP Damp + LV Qi stag .
Xiang, Xiang Fu GB34, LV3, ST19
• Vi Jia Jian Zheng Qi San

• ST Qi deficiency
• Si Jun Zi Tang ST36, RN12, UB21, RN6

EMPTY
• ST deficiency and Cold •• Huang Qi Jian Zhong Tang
Xiao Jian Zhong Tang
5T36, RN12, UB20, UB21, RN6

1!1~~
('fl§51) ST Yin deficiency
•• Sha Shen Mai Men Dong Tang
Shen Ling Bai Zhu San RN12, ST36, SP6, SP3
• Vi Wei Tang

I!!Mfli!lif'/l
('fi'¥'JIJ:ll) ST Qi stagnation
•• Chen Xiang Jiang San
Ban Xia Hou Po Tang
ST34, ST21, ST19, KD21, SJ6, PC6, SP4, PC6,

• Zuo Jin Wan GB34, RN12, ST40

l!!:ldlM£
('fi2fJ:I{!I) ST Fire (or Phlegm-Fire)
•• Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang
Qing Wei San
ST44, ST34, ST21, RN12, RN13, Llll, Ll4,

• Liang Ge San
RNll, SP15

ST
~!!ll~~j!!
(etAfgJ'fl) Cold Invading ST •• Liang Fu Wan
Da Jian Zhong Tang (PRD) ST21, SP4, RN13, ST34

FULL • ST Qi rebelling upwards

•• Ding Xiang Shi Di Tang
Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San RN13, RNlO, PC6, SP4, ST21, ST19
• Ban Xia Hou Po Tang

• ST Damp-Heat • Lian Po Yin ST44, ST34, ST21, RN12, RN13, Llll, Ll4,
RNll, ST25, ST40, SP9, RN9

:5:if'/l 1!1 Me
(61 J:ll'flgf) Food retention in ST •• Bao He Wan
Zhi Shi Dao Zhi Wan
RN13, RNlO, ST21, ST44, ST45, SP4, PC6,
ST40, ST19, KD21, RN12

j!!Jlllj.ll[~
•• Shi Xiao San
Dan Zhen Yin ST34, ST21, ST19, KD21, SJ6, PC6, SP4, PC6,
(~.!:F~Ol)
ST Blood stasis
•• Ge Xia Zhu Yu Tang
Tong You Tang
GB34, RN12, ST40, UB17, SPlO, Ll4, RNll

COMBI • ST/SP Qi deficiency •• Si Jun Zi Tang

Shen Ling Bai Zhu San
RN12, ST36, SP3, SP6, UB20, UB21, RN6
'

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 83

CH(KO) FCM FORMULA (FCM/PRD) ACUPUNCTURE (FCM)

Jlili~~
illiiJI~I
LU Qi deficiency
• Ren Shen Bu Fei Tang LU9, LU7, RN6, UB13, DU12, ST36, RN12

••
Jlilil!t~ Yang Yin Qing Fei Tang LU9, RN17, UB43, UB13, DU12, RN4, KD6,
IIlii~~~
LU Yin deficiency
EMPTY Bai He Gu Jin Tang (PRD) RN12, SP6, LUlO, Llll

••
:ti!lllilllili LU Dryness
Bai He Gu Jin Tang
LU9, RN4, KD6, SP6, RN12, ST36
( 3':Af~lll l ) Sang Xing Tang (PRD)
~~*llili
m ~~~~llll)
LU Wind-Cold
• Ma Huang Tang LU7, UB12, DU16
?!i
m
"'0
~M~f'.Jiili
( ~l!!~llll )
LU Wind-Heat
• Sang Ju Yin
LU7, Ll4, Llll, LUll, DU14, UB12, DU16,
GB20, SJS

"' • LU Wind-Water
• Xiao Qing Long Tang LU7, Ll6, Ll7, Ll4, UB12, RN9, UB13, DU26

M!lll~Jiili
( \llAf~llll )
LU Heat •• Ma Xing Sh i Gan Tang
Qian Jin Wei Jing Tang (PRO)
LUS, LUlO, LU7, Llll, LUl, UB13

m~~illlili
(E/§3':llll) LU Damp-Phlegm
• Er Chen Tang
LUS, LU7, LUl, RN17, ST40, PC6, RN22, RN12,
RN9, UB20, UB13

LU .,
c
•• She
Ling
Gan Ma Huang Tang
Gui Zhu Gan Tang
r-
r- • LU Cold-Phlegm
•• Ling Gan Wu Wei Jiang Xin Tang
LUS, LU7, LUl, RN17, ST40, PC6, RN22, RN12,
RN9, UB20, UB13, UB23
z
-1
San Zi Yang Qin Tang
m
"'0 mM*!IIili LU Phlegm-Heat
•• Wen Dan Tang
Qing Qi Hua Tan Wan LUS, LU7, LUlO, Llll, LUl, UB13, RN12, ST40
"' iEII!!glllli
• San Qi Yang Qin Tang (PRO)

• LU Dry-Phlegm
• Bei Mu Gua Lou San
LU9, LU7, KD6, RN12, ST36, SP6, ST40, UB13,
RN17

• LU Phlegm-Fluid • Ling Gan Wu Wei Jiang Xin Tang

LUS, LU9, RN17, UB13, ST40, UB43, RN12,
ST36, RN9, SP9, UB20, UB23

• Water-Cold -7 LU
• Xiao Qing Long Tang
•
•• Si Jun Zi Tang + Huang Qi
Bao Yuan Tang
COMBI •C:Jiili~~
i 2llliiJI~ I
LU and HT Qi Deficiency
•• Bu Fei Tang
Sheng Mai San
LU9, LU7, RN6, UB13, DU12, ST36, RN12, HTS,
PC6, UBlS, RN17

• Ding Zhi Wan + Bu Fei Tang (P)

*~~M
(012t 8 ~)
Ll Damp-Heat
•• Ge Gen Qin Lian Tang
Bai Tou Weng Tang
SP9, SP6, RN3, UB22, ST25, ST27, RN6, UB25,

• Shao Yao Tang

Llll, RN12, ST37, UB20, SPlO

• Ll Heat • Ma Zi Ren Wan

ST25, UB25, Llll, ST37, ST44, Ll2, SP6, KD6,
RN12

• Ll Heat obstruction • Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang

Llll, Ll4, SPlS, SJ6, SP6, Ll2, ST44, ST25,
UB25
FULL
• Cold invading Ll • Liang Fu Wan + Zheng Qi Tian
Xiang San
ST37, ST25, ST36, SP6, LV3, ST27

• Ll Cold-Damp •• Wei Ling Tang

Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San •
Ll
• Intestinal welling Abscess
• Da Huang Mu Dan Pi Tang
•
• Ll Qi stagnation
• Chai Hu Shu Gan Tang RN6, GB34, ST25, SPlS, ST37, SP6, UB25

•• Zeng Ye Tang
Qing Zao Run Chang Tang
*~~~
( CJI&/'1!!~)
Ll Dry •• Wu Ren Wan
Tian Di Jian
ST36, SP6, RN4, KD6, ST25, SPlS

EMPTY •• Si Wu Ma Zi Ren Wan

Ma Zi Ren Wan

• Ll Cold
• Liang Fu Wan ST25, RN6, ST36, ST37, UB25, UB20
~m: ;',t ;1,l
( &i~ &' Af )
Ll Collapse
• Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang RN6, ST25, ST36, SP3, UB20, UB21, DU20

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
84 DIAGNOSIS

UB23, DU4, RN4, RN6, KD3, KD7, UB52,

KD Yang deficiency
Jinggong

• Zuo Gui Wan RN4, KD3, KD6, KDlO, KD9, SP6, RN7, LU7,
KD Yin deficiency
• Liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD6

• You Gui W.+ Huang Qi, Qian Shi

~Ji!l'f'[!j] • Jin Suo Gu Jing Wan UB23, DU4, KD3, UB52, RN4, Jinggong, RN6,
(e!Jil01J.J) KD Qi not firm • Fu Tu Dan DU20, KD13, UB32
• Sang Piao Xiao San (PRD)

• You Gui Wan + Dong Chong Xia

Cao, Wu Wei Zi
~1'ilillli!l KD7, KD3, LU7, KD6, ST36, UB23, DU4, RN6,
(e!l011;tJI) KD failing to receive Qi • Shen Ge San RN17, KD25, DU12, UB13, RN4, KD13
• Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang
e Du Qi Wan (PRD)

KD Essence deficiency •• Zuo Gui Wan

He Che Da Zao Wan (PRD)
KD3, KD6, RN4, KD13, UB23, DU4, GB39,
DU20, DU14, UBlS, UBll, DU17, DU16

• KD Yang def, Waterif

•• Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
Wu Ling San
DU4, UB23, UB22, UB20, RN9, ST28, SP9, SP6,
KD6 (water-7HT: DU14, UBlS, water-7LU: LU7,
• Zhen Wu Tang (PRD) UB13, DU12)

• Liu Wei Di Huang Wan + Di Gu KD3, KD6, KDlO, KD9, RN4, KD2, SP6, HTS,
• KD Yin def, Empty-Heatif
Pi, Zhi Mu LU7, LUlO, HT6, DU24, Llll

• Zuo Gui Wan

KD and LV Yin deficiency KD3, KD6, LV8, RN4, UB23, KD13, SP6, UBlO
• Qi Ju Di Huang Wan

• Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan

,c_,~'f'x HT7, HT6, HTS, Yintang, UBlS, RNlS, DU24,
(elt!~ll!)
KD & HT not harmonized • Liu Wei Di Huang Wan + Jiao
KD3, KD6, KDlO, KD9, RN4, SP6
Tai Wan (PRD)

• Ba Xian Chang Shou Wan KD3, KD6, LU7, KD6, RN4, KD13, LU9, LUl,
KD and LU Yin deficiency
• Qing Jin Zhuang Shui Wan (PRD) SP6, UB43

"""""""" e L" Zh W J" G · Sh Q" W UB23, DU4, RN4, RN6, KD3, KD7, UB52,
Iff,.,....,.... KD and SP Yang deficiency 1 ong .+ m Ul en 1 • Jinggong, RN12, ST36, SP3, UB20, UB21, RN9
(Hie!~OI) e Fu Zi Li Zhong Wan (PRD) ST3], ST2S, us 2s '

• HT and KD Yang deficiency • Gui Zhi Jia Ren Shen Fu Zi Tang •

Mlllll;~~ UB Damp-Heat SP9, SP6, UB22, UB28, RN3, UB63, UB66,

(~f&B~)
• Ba Zheng San
ST28

• UB Damp-Cold
•
•
Ba Zheng San
Si Wu San
SP9, SP6, UB22, RN3, ST28, RN9, UB28

• UB Damp turbidity e Bi Xie Fen Qing Yin (PRD) •

• Suo Quan Wan
MJIJli;I;l[~
(l!it'fOI eO UB deficient and Cold • Sang Piao Xiao Wan UB23, DU4, UB28, RN4, RN3, RN6, DU20
e Tu Si Zi Wan

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 85

MAJOR ZANGFU PATTERNS FCM & CAM

LIVER PATTERNS
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS TREATMENT
Mental depression, melancholy, moodiness, fluctuating mental state,
unhappiness, "feeling wound up", irritability, sighing, chest stuffiness,
distending or wandering pain in costal and hypochondriac regions, stuffiness
Ql in the chest, epigastric and abdominal distension and pain, "churning feeling GB34, LV3, LV13, LV14,
STAGNATION in Stomach", belching, poor appetite, borborygmus, diarrhea, possibly a SJ6, PC6
foreign body sensation in the throat, difficulty swallowing, breast distension,
irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea, premenstrual tension and
irritability, GJ thin, white coating, ® string-taut

Prickling pain in hypochondriac regions or palpable mass, vomiting of blood,

BLOOD epistaxis, painful periods, irregular periods, menstrual blood dark and clotted,
GB34, LV3, UB18,
abdominal pain, "masses" in abdomen, purple nails, purple lips, purple
STASIS UB17, SPlO, RN6
complexion, dry skin (in severe cases), petechiae, GJ purple dark in color
especially on the sides, purplish spots on the tongue, ® string-taut

Distending pain in head, temporal headache, dizziness and vertigo, redness,

swelling, pain of eyes, tinnitus like the sound of waves, irritability,
propensity to outbursts of anger, dream disturbed sleep, thirst, bitter taste, LV2, LV3, GB20,
FIRE
dryness in mouth, intercostal/hypochondriac burning pain, dark-yellow urine Taiyang, GB13, Llll
and constipation with dry stools, hematemesis, hemoptysis, epistaxis, GJ red
with yellow coating, ® string-taut, rapid
.., High fever, convulsions, tremor of limbs, neck rigidity, upward staring of
c,... LV3, LV2, Shixuan, 513,
,... HEAT eyes, in severe case, opisthotonus, coma and lock jaw, GJ deep-red tongue,
DU20, DU16, GB20
z
-i
® string-taut, rapid
m
;ltl Dizziness and vertigo, headache, numbness or tremor of the limbs,
z)> YANG convulsions, in severe case, sudden collapse, coma, stiffness of the tongue, LV8, LV3, UB18, SP6,
,... dysphasia, aphasia or difficult speech, deviation of the mouth and eyes and KD3, DU16, GB20
RISING
< hemiplegia, GJ red and tremulous tongue, ® string-taut, rapid
:E
z
0 BLOOD Numbness of limbs, tic, shaking of head, tremor of limbs, G) pale, deviated,
LV8, LV3, SP6, KD3,
UB18, UB17, UB20,
DEF. ® hesitant UB23, Ll4, GB20,
DU16, DU20

Hypochondriac distension and pain, bitter taste in the mouth, poor appetite,
nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, scanty and dark-yellow urine, there LV14, GB24, GB34,
DAMP may be yellow sclera and skin of the entire body (jaundice) or fever, UB18, UB19, DU9,
HEAT eczema of scrotum, swelling and burning pain in the testes, yellow foul RN12, SP9, SP6, SP3
leukorrhea with pruritus vulvae, CD yellow, sticky coating, ® string-taut, Llll, LV2
rapid
Lower abdominal (hypogastrium = just over the bladder) distending pain with
COLD bearing down sensation in the testes, the scrotum may be contracted, in
RN3, LVS, LVl
STAGNATION woman there can be shrinking of vagina, pain is aggravated by cold and
alleviated by warmth, GJ white coating, ® rolling, deep, string-taut

m
Pallor, dizziness and vertigo, insomnia, blurring of vision, "floaters in eyes",
UB18, UB20, . UB23,
s:
"0 BLOOD
dryness of the eyes, night blindness, numbness of the limbs, spasm of the
UB17, LV8, SP6, ST36,
:;! tendons, cramps, scanty menstrual flow of amenorrhea, withered and brittle
RN4
nails, dry hair and skin, GJ pale, ® thready

m Headache in temples, eyes or lateral side of the head, distending sensation

LV3, SJS, SP6, KD3,
s: YANG
in head, dizziness and vertigo, tinnitus, flushed face and red eyes, dry
LV8, GB43, GB38, UB2,
mouth and throat, irritability, insomnia and dream disturbed sleep,
..,+ RISING palpitation, feeling worked-up, shouting in anger, poor memory, sore and
Taiyang, GB20, GB9,
c GB8, GB6
weak low back and knees, GJ red, ® string-taut, thready and rapid

GALL BLADDER PATTERN

m
s:
"0
GB Dizziness, blurred vision, nervousness, timidity, propensity to being easily
GB40
:;! DEFICIENCY startled, lack of courage and initiative, sighing, GJ pale or normal, ® weak

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
86 DIAGNOSIS

HEART PATTERNS
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS TREATMENT
Palpitations, S.O.B. on exertion, spontaneous sweating, tiredness, listlessness, HTS, PC6, UBlS, RN17,
Ql lassitude, pallor, CD pale, ® thready, weak pulse, or a missed-beat pulse RN6
Palpitations, S.O.B. on exertion, spontaneous sweating, listlessness, lassitude,
HTS, PC6, UBlS, RN17,
chills cold limbs, cyanosis of lips, CD pale, swollen and delicate tongue or a
RN6, DU14
purplish dark tongue, ® deep, weak or knotted
YANG ~ YANG COLLAPSE
RN6, RN4, RN8, DU4,
Palpitation, S.O.B., feeble and shallow breathing, profuse sweating, cold limbs,
ST36, PC6, UB23, DU20,
cyanosis of lips, mental cloudiness or even coma, CD very pale or bluish
'"
3: purple, short, ® feeble fading pulse
DU14, UBlS

~ Palpitations, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep, dizziness and vertigo, poor

HT7, PC6, RN14, RNlS,
BLOOD memory, pallor, pale lips, anxiety, tendency to be startled, CD pale, thin,
RN4, UB17, UB20
slightly dry, ® thready and weak

Palpitations, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep, poor memory, mental

restlessness, "uneasiness", "fidgetiness", heat sensation in the palms and soles, HT7, PC6, RN14, RNlS,
YIN tidal fever, malar flush, low grade fever in the evening, "feeling hot and RN4, HT6, SP6, KD7,
bothered", night sweating, dry mouth and throat, 5-palm heat CD red, no KD6
coating, ® thready and rapid

Palpitation, mental restlessness, feeling agitated, "impulsiveness", insomnia,

flushed face, thirst, bitter taste, ulceration and pain of the mouth and HT9, HT8, HT7, RNlS,
FIRE
tongue, hot and deep yellow urine, in severe case, hesitant and painful urine, SP6, KD6
dark urine, or blood in urine CD red, ® rapid

Derangement of the mind, mania, incoherent speech, mental confusion,

PCS, HT7, HT8, HT9,
aggressive and violent behavior, tendency to hit or scold people, uncontrolled
., PHLEGM laughter or cry, shouting, muttering to oneself, palpitations, insomnia,
PC~ RNl~ UBl~ RNl~
c:
..... ST40, SP6, LV3, LV2,
..... FIRE dream-disturbed sleep, flushed face, coarse breathing, bitter taste,
UB20, DU20, GB13,
constipation, deep-yellow urine, in severe case aphasia and coma CD yellow,
GBlS, DU24
sticky coating, ® rolling, rapid and forceful

Mental depression and dullness, mental confusion, lethargic stupor, or

incoherent speech, weeping and laughing without an apparent reason, gurgling HT9, PCS, UBlS, ST40,
PHLEGM
with sputum in the throat, sudden collapse, coma, CD swollen body, white, DU26, RN12, UB20
sticky coating, ® string-taut and rolling

'" Palpitations, intermittent cardiac pain (stabbing or stuffy in nature in the

~+ BLOOD
precordial region or behind the sternum) which often refers to the shoulder
and arm, in severe case there may occur cyanosis of face, lips and nails, cold
PC6, PC4, HT7, RN17,
., STASIS UB14, UB17, SPlO, KD25
limbs and spontaneous sweating, CD purplish dark tongue or purplish spots,
c: ® thready and hesitant or knotted
I=

SMALL INTESTINE PATTERNS

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS TREATMENT

Acute twisting pain of the lower abdomen which may extend to back,
Ql abdominal distension, dislike of pressure on abdomen, borborygmus, flatulence, RN6, GB34, LV13, ST27,
PAIN abdominal pain relieved by emission of wind, bearing-down pain in the testes ST29, SP6, LV3, ST39
referring to the lumbar region, CD white coating, ® deep, string-taut

Sudden violent abdominal pain, dislike of pressure, abdominal distension,

., Ql
constipation, borborygmi, flatulence, vomiting, CD thick, white coating, ® deep,
ST39, Lanweixue, RN6,
c:
..... TIED GB34, ST25, SP6, LV3
..... string-taut

Abdominal pain and distension, bad taste in mouth, sallow complexion,

•
Roundworm (ascarid) : abdominal pain, vomiting of roundworms, cold limbs
Acupuncture is not
WORMS •
Hookworms : eat strange objects (soil, wax, uncooked rice, t ea leaves)
applicable
••
Pinworms : itchy anus, worse in the evening
Tapeworms : constant hunger

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 87

SPLEEN PATTERNS
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS TREATMENT

Sallow complexion, emaciation, tiredness, lassitude, reduced appetite,

RNl~ ST3~ SP~ SP~
Ql weakness of the limbs, abdominal distension, loose stools, dislike of speaking,
UB20, UB21
CD pale, thin-white coating, ® slowing-down, weak or soft, thready

Pallor, poor appetite, tiredness, abdominal distension which is worse after

eating, dull pain in the abdominal region which is better with warmth and RN12, ST36, SP3, SP6,
YANG pressure, the four limbs being not warm, chilliness, cold limbs, weakness of UB20, UB21, SP9, RN9,
m the four limbs, loose stools, edema CD pale and delicate, white coating, ® ST28, UB22
~ deep, slow
"0
~
Any of the signs and symptoms of Spleen-Qi deficiency, bearing-down
Ql RN12, ST36, SP3, SP6,
sensation in the abdominal region, visceral prolapse (prolapse of stomach,
UB20, UB21, DU20, RN6,
SINKING uterus, anus, vagina), frequency and urgency of urination, CD pale, thin-white
ST21, DUl
coating, ® slowing-down, weak or soft, thready

Pale complexion, lassitude, dislike of speaking, purpura, blood spots under RN12, ST36, SP3, SP6,
CONTROL
the skin, bloody stools, excessive menstrual flow, uterine bleeding in women, UB20, UB21, SPlO,
BLOOD
sallow complexion and S.O.B., CD pale, ® thready, weak UB17, SPl

Fullness and distension in the epigastrium and abdomen, loss of appetite,

COLD sweetish taste in the mouth or absence of taste, no thirst, sticky saliva, SP9, SP6, RN12, SP3,
DAMP heaviness of the head and body, loose stools or diarrhea, white vaginal ST8
discharge, CD white-sticky coating, ® soft, rolling, slow
..,
,..,..c Fullness and distension in the epigastrium and abdomen, loss of appetite,
nausea, vomiting, bitter taste and stickiness in the mouth, heaviness of the
DAMP body, lassitude, loose stools with offensive odor, burning sensation of the SP9, SP6, DU9, Llll,
HEAT anus, thirst without desire to drink or drink in small sips, scanty and UB20, GB34
dark-yellow urine, low-grade fever, headache, bright yellow face, eyes and
skin, CD yellow-sticky coating, ® soft, rapid

STOMACH PAnERNS
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS TREATMENT
Distension, fullness and pain in the epigastrium and abdomen which are
FOOD RN13, RNlO, ST21, ST44,
relieved by vomiting, foul belching, sour regurgitation, vomiting, anorexia,
RETENTION ST45, SP4, PC6
hesitant bowel movement, insomnia, CD thick-sticky coating, ® rolling
Epigastric fullness and pain, sudden pain in the epigastrium, worse with
COLD
cold, better with warmth, reflux of clear fluid or vomiting after eating, CD ST21, SP4, RN13, ST34
FLUID
white-slippery coating, ® slow

Burning sensation and pain in the epigastric region, empty and

uncomfortable feeling in the stomach, sour regurgitation, vomiting, foul
.., breath, vomiting soon after eating, thirst with preference for cold drinks,
,..,..c voracious appetite and getting hungry easily, swelling and pain or ulceration
and bleeding of the gums, constipation, scanty yellow urine, CD red, yellow ST21, RN13, ST44, ST45,
FIRE coating, ® rapid SP6, RN12, PC6

~ PHLEGM-FIRE
Stuffiness of the epigastrium, less thirst, mucus in stools, mental
derangement and insomnia, CD thick-yellow-sticky coating, or yellow prickles
inside a midline crack, ® rolling, excess, rapid
BLOOD Stabbing pain in the epigastrium which is worse with heat and pressure, RNlO, ST21, ST34, SPlO,
STASIS pain after eating, vomiting of dark blood, blood in the stools UB17, UB18

Burning pain in the epigastric region, empty and uncomfortable sensation in

m the stomach, hunger with no desire to eat, dry vomiting and hiccups,
~ RN12, ST36, SP6, SP3,
YIN dryness of the mouth and throat, constipation {dry stools), thirst but with
~ no desire to drink or desire to drink in small sips, CD red, little moisture,
ST44
® thready, rapid

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
88 DIAGNOSIS

LUNG PATTERNS
··..·. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS TREATMENT

Feeble cough, shortness of breath worse on exertion, clear dilute sputum, lack
of desire to talk, low voice, lassitude, aversion to wind, frigid appearance, LU9, LU7, RNG, UB13,
Ql
propensity to catching colds, spontaneous sweating, bright-white complexion, DU12, ST36
('f) pale, thin-white coating, ® weak, deficient

m Unproductive cough, cough with a small amount of sticky sputum, or cough

I .·.·
YIN
with blood tinged sputum, dryness of the mouth and throat, horse voice,
tickly throat, afternoon fever, malar flush, night sweating, heat sensation in
the palms and soles, ('f) red with a small amount of coating, ® thready,
LU9, RN17, UB43, UB13,
DU12, RN4, KDG, RN12,
LUlO
... rapid

Dry cough, dry skin, dry throat, horse voice, dry mouth, thirst, ('f) dry, ® LU9, RN4, KDG, SPG,
DRY RN12
empty, especially on right front position

Cough with mucoid sputum, nasal obstruction, watery nasal discharge,

WIND
sneezing, possible chills and fever, headache, body aches, absence of thirst, LU7, UB12, DU16
COLD
absence of sweating, ('f) thin-white coating, ® superficial, tense

Cough with yellow purulent sputum, possibly with heat sensation of the body
•. WIND and aversion to wind, thirst, sore throat, swollen tonsils, headache, stuffed or Ll4, Llll, LUll, DU14,
HEAT runny nose with yellow mucus, slight sweating, ('f) thin-yellow coating, ® UB12, DU16, GB20
. superficial, rapid

Sudden swelling of eyes and face, gradually spreading to the whole body,
WIND LU7, LIG, Ll7, Ll4, UB12,
bright-shiny complexion, scanty and pale urination, aversion to wind, fever,
WATER RN9, UB13
cough, breathlessness, ('f) white-slippery coating, ® superficial, rolling

J"'
I!"' Cough, profuse white sputum which is easy to expectorate, sticky sputum,
LUS, LU7, LUl, RN17,
DAMP fullness and stuffiness in the chest, feeling "clogged-up", gurgling with sputum
ST40, PCG, RN22, RN12,
PHLEGM in the throat, shortness of breath or asthma, dislike of lying down, orthopnea
RN9, UB20, UB13
in severe cases, white-pasty complexion, ('f) white, sticky coating, ® rolling

... Cough, asthmatic and coarse breathing, yellow, thick sputum or expectoration
PHLEGM of foul smelling bloody pus, S.O.B., chest pain on coughing, flapping of ala LUS, LU7, LUlO, Llll,
HEAT nasi in severe cases, dryness of the moth, yellow urine, constipation, ('f) red, LUl, UB13, RN12, ST40
.i > yellow-sticky coating, ® rolling and rapid

Cough, breathlessness, cough which may be elicited by a scare, vomiting of LUS, LU9, RN17, UB13,
PHLEGM
white-watery-frothy sputum, splashing sounds in the chest, chilliness, ('f) pale ST40, UB43, RN12, ST36,
FLUIDS
body, thick-sticky white coating, ® thready and rolling, soft RN9

LARGE INTESTINE PATTERNS

1.\•· SIGNS AND SVMPTOIIIIS TREATMENT

Abdominal pain, blood and mucus in the stools, offensive odor of stools,
diarrhea with yellow, watery stools, burning sensation of the anus, tenesmus,
SP9, SPG, RN3, UB22,
DAMP scanty deep-yellow urine, possible fever, sweating (which does not decrease the
ST25, UB25, UB17,
HEAT fever), thirst without desire to drink, feeling of heaviness of the body and
RN12, Llll, ST37, UB20
limbs, stuffiness of chest and epigastrium, ('f) yellow-sticky coating, ® rolling,
"'
c:
I=
rapid and soft, rapid

Constipation, burning in anus, abdominal distension and pain which is worse

with pressure, high fever or tidal fever, sweating especially on limbs, vomiting, Llll, Ll4, SP15, SJG, SPG,
HEAT
thirst, delirium, ('f) red body, thick-dry-yellow (or brown-black) coating, ® deep, Ll2, ST44, ST25
excess

•m
DRY
Dry stools, constipation, dryness of the mouth and throat, ('f) red, little
moisture, or dry-yellow coating, ® thready
ST36, SPG, KDG, RN4

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 89

KIDNEY PATTERNS
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS TREATMENT

Dizziness, tinnitus, poor memory, insomnia, soreness and weakness of the

lumbar region and knee joints, nocturnal emission, dryness of the mouth, RN4, KD3, KD6, KDlO,
YIN
afternoon fever, malar flush, night sweating, yellow urine, constipation, <f) KD9, SP6, RNl
red, little coating, ® thready, rapid

Pallor, cold limbs, soreness and weakness of the lumbar region and knee UB23, DU4, RN4, RN6,
YANG joints, impotence, infertility, dizziness, tinnitus, <f) pale, white coating, ® KD3, KD7, UB52,
deep, weak Jinggong

Soreness and weakness of the lumbar region and knee joints, frequent
rn
s: urination with clear urine, weak stream urination, dribbling of urine after

~
urination or enuresis, incontinence of urine, enuresis, urination at night, In UB23, DU4, KD3, UBS2,
Ql
man, premature ejaculation, spermatorrhea, nocturnal emission without RN4, Jinggong
dreams, In woman, prolapse of uterus, chronic vaginal discharge <f) pale,
white coating, ® thready, weak

CHILDREN : slow physical or mental development, late or incomplete fontanel

closure, or poor general skeletal development, ADULT : premature aging or
KD3, KD6, RN4, UB23,
senility, bad teeth, poor memory, and brittle bones, weakness of knees and
ESSENCE DU4, GB39, DU20,
legs, soreness of the back, sexual dysfunction without appearance of cold or
DU14, UBlS, UBll
heat, In addition, many of the Kidney specific signs would be seen <f) red
and peeled, ® superficial, empty

URINARY BLADDER PATTERN

Frequent and urgency of urination, burning pain in the urethra, dribbling

..., DAMP
urination or discontinuation of urination in mid-stream, turbid urine,
SP9, SP6, UB22, UB28,
c
,.... deep-yellow in color, hematuria, or stones in the urine, possible abdominal
,.... HEAT RN3, UB63, UB66
distension and fullness or lumbago, fever, thirst, <f) yellow, sticky coating, ®
rapid

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
90 DIAGNOSIS

COMBINED PATTERNS
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS TREATMENT
Distension, fullness and pain in the costal and hypochondriac regions,
mental depression or irritability, poor appetite, abdominal distension, loose
LV14, LV13, GB34, LV3,
LV 7 SP stools, alternating constipation and diarrhea, stools sometimes dry and
RN6, RN12, ST36, SP6
bitty and sometimes loose, flatulence, tiredness, dJ red on sides or pale,
thin tongue coating, ® string-taut (left), weak (right)
Distension and pain in the costal, hypochondriac and epigastric regions,
LV belching, acid regurgitation, an empty and uncomfortable sensation in the LV14, LV13, GB34,
LV 7 ST
stomach, mental depression or irritability, QJ thin tongue coating, ® RN13, RNlO, ST36, UB21
string-taut
Burning pain in the costal and hypochondriac regions, paroxysmal cough or
even hemoptysis in severe cases, quick temper, irritability, restlessness, LV2, LV14, RN17, RN22,
LV~ LU
heat sensation in the chest, bitter taste in the mouth, dizziness, red eyes, PC6, LU7, Llll
QJ red tongue with thin yellow coating, ® string-taut, rapid
General lassitude, bright-white complexion, cough with profuse, dilute,
LU & SP white sputum, weak voice, slight breathlessness, slight spontaneous ST36, SP3, UB20, UB21,
Qi deficiency sweating, poor appetite, loose stools, in severe cases, facial puffiness and LU9, UB13, DU12
edema of the feet, dJ pale tongue with white coating, ® empty (right)
Sallow complexion, general lassitude, palpitations, poor memory, insomnia,
dream-disturbed sleep, reduced appetite, abdominal distention, loose HT7, PC6, RN14, RN4,
HT Blood &
stools, irregular menstruation in women, menstrual blood is pale and UB20, RN12, ST36, SP6,
SP Qi def.
excessive, or amenorrhea, dJ pale tongue with thin, white coating, ® UB20
SP thready, weak
SP & LV Dizziness, tiredness, sallow complexion, loose stools, no appetite, blurred
ST36, SP3, UB20, UB21,
BLOOD XU vision, numbness or tingling of limbs, dJ pale, palor on the sides, in
LV8, UB18, UB17, SP6
(FCM} severe cases the sides could have a slight orange color, ® hesitant
Stuffiness and fullness of the epigastrium, nausea, no appetite, loose
SP DAMP+
stools, feeling of heaviness, thirst with desire to drink in small amounts, RN12, SP6, SP3, UB20,
LV Ql def.
sallow complexion, hypochondriac pain, jaundice, bitter taste, dJ LV13, LV14, GB24, GB34
(FCM)
thick-sticky-yellow coating, ® rolling and string-taut

LU
HT & LU palpitation, S.O.B., weak cough, asthma, spontaneous sweating, dJ pale, ® HTS, PC6, RN17, RN6,
Qi deficiency weak LU9, UB13, ST36
Asthmatic breathing, S.O.S. and more exhalation than inhalation all of
which become worse on exertion, low voice, cold limbs, cold limbs after
KD3, LU7, KD6, ST36,
LU & KD sweating, blue complexion, spontaneous sweating, incontinence of urine
UB23, DU4, RN6, RN17,
Qi deficiency due to severe cough, swelling of the face, thin body, no spirit, mental
KD25, DU12, KD7
listlessness, soreness of the back, QJ pale tongue with thin coating, ®
weak
Pallor, aversion to cold, cold limbs, cold abdomen and legs, soreness and
weakness of the lumbar region and knee joints, abundant-clear or
scanty-clear urination, loose stools or diarrhea at dawn, diarrhea like
KD3, KD7, UB23, DU4,
KD & SP water, edema of the abdomen and legs, facial puffiness and edema of the
YANG def. limbs, physical weakness, mental listlessness, phlegm in throat, UB20, UB21, ST36, RN6,
ST37, ST25, UB25
breathlessness, dislike to speak, desire to lie down, abdominal distension,
poor appetite, borborygmi, QJ pale swollen delicate tongue with thin
white coating, ® deep, week
HT & KD HTS, PC6, UBlS, RN17,
YANG def.
Palpitation, cold appearance, edema, scanty urine, dJ pale, swollen, moist
RN6, DU14, UB23, DU4,
tongue, white coating, ® deep, minute
(WEB} RN4, KD3, KD7
KD
Cough with a small amount of sputum, or with blood-tinged sputum, dry
cough which is worse in the evening, breathlessness on exertion, dryness
LU & KD KD3, LU7, KD6, UB43,
of the mouth and throat, soreness and weakness of the lumbar region
Yin def. LU9, LUl, SP6, RN4
and knee joints, tidal fever, malar flush, night sweating, nocturnal
emission, 5-palm heat, dJ red tongue with little coating, ® thready, rapid
Dizziness, blurring of vision, dry eyes, numbness of limbs, dull occipital or
vertical headache, propensity to outburst to anger, dryness of the throat,
insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep, tinnitus, heat sensation in the chest, KD3, KD6, LV8, RN4,
LV & KD
palms and soles, soreness and weakness of the lumbar region and knee UB23, UB20, UB17,
Yin def.
joints, malar flush, night sweating, difficult-dry stools, nocturnal emission, UB18, UBlO, DU20
scanty menstrual flow, delayed cycle, in women infertility dJ red tongue
with little coating, ® thready, rapid

Mental restlessness, insomnia, palpitations, poor memory, dizziness, HT7, HT6, HTS, Yintang,
HT & KD tinnitus, dryness of the throat, soreness of the lumbar region, UBlS, RNlS, GB13,
DISHARMONY spermatorrhea in dreams, tidal fever, night sweating, scanty-dark urine, dJ DU24, KD3, KDlO, KD9,
red tongue with little coating, ® thready, rapid RN4, PC6, SP6

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 91

ZANGFU PATTERN COMPARISON CAM vs. FCM vs. WEB

LV & GB

LIVER Ql STAGNATION
CAM
Mental depression, irritability, sighing, chest stuffiness
Distending pain in costal/hypochondriac, chest stuffiness
Epigastric and abdominal distension and pain
Belching, poor appetite
Possibly a foreign body sensation in the throat
Breast distension, irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea
CD Thin, white coating
® String-taut
FCM
Melancholy, moodiness, fluctuating mental state,
unhappiness, "feeling wound up"
Hypochondriac/chest distension
Epigastric pain, "ST churning feeling", abdominal distension
Nausea, vomiting, hiccup, no appetite, borborygmi, diarrhea
Feeling of lump in the throat, difficulty swallowing
Irregular periods, painful periods, distension of breasts
before the periods, premenstrual tension and irritability
CD Normal body color
® Wiry, especially on left side
KEY SX: Hypochondriac/chest distension, depression,
moodiness, wiry pulse

LIVER BLOOD STASIS

CAM FCM
Vomiting of blood, epistaxis
Painful periods, irregular periods, dark and clotted menses
Pricking pain in hypochondriac regions or palpable mass Abdominal pain, "masses" in abdomen
Purple nails, purple lips, purple complexion
Dry skin (in severe cases), petechiae
CD Purple dark in colour, purplish spots on the tongue CD Purple especially on the sides, with purplish spots
® Wiry
KEY SX: Dark and clotted menstrual blood, purple tongue

LIVER YIN DEFICIENCY (WEB ONLY)

CAM WEB
Red cheeks, afternoon fever, hot palms/soles, nervousness
Dizziness, muddled vision, dry eyes, other eye problems
Depression, nervous tension
CDRed
® Wiry, thin, rapid

LIVER FIRE FLARE-UP

CAM FCM
Distending pain in head, dizziness and vertigo, tinnitus like Temporal headache, dizziness, tinnitus, deafness
the sound of waves
Redness, swelling, pain of eyes, bitter taste, mouth dryness Red face and eyes, t hirst, bitter taste
Irritability, intercostal/hypochondriac burning pain Irritability, propensity to anger, dream disturbed sleep
Yellow urine and constipation Constipation with dry stools, dark-yellow urine
Hematemesis, hemoptysis, epistaxis Epistaxis, hematemesis, hemoptysis
CD Red with yellow coating CD Red body, redder on sides, yellow coating, dry
® String-taut, rapid ® Full, rapid, wiry
KEY SX: Irritability, red face/eyes, red tongue, yellow coat

LIVER YANG RISING

CAM FCM
Headache, distending sensation in head Headache in temples, eyes or lateral side of the head
Dizziness and vertigo, tinnitus Dizziness, tinnitus, deafness
Flushed face and red eyes Dry mouth and throat
Irritability, insomnia and dream disturbed sleep, palpitation Insomnia, irritability, feeling worked-up, shouting in anger
Poor memory, sore and weak low back and knees
CD Red CD Red, especially on the sides
® String-taut, thready and rapid ® Wiry
KEY SX: Headache, irritabi lity, wiry pulse

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
92 DIAGNOSIS

LV WIND +- EXTREME HEAT

CAM FCM
High fever, convulsions, neck rigidity, upward staring of High temperature, convulsions, rigidity of the neck, tremor
eyes of limbs, opisthotonus
In severe case, opisthotonus, coma and lock jaw In severe case coma
CD Deep-red tongue CD Deep-red, stiff, thick yellow coating
® String-taut, rapid ® Wiry, rapid, full
KEY SX: High temperature, convulsions, stiff tongue

LV WIND +- LIVER YANG RISING

CAM
Dizziness and vertigo, headache, numbness or limbs tremor
Sudden collapse, coma, stiffness of the tongue, dysphasia,
aphasia, deviation of the mouth and eyes and hemiplegia
CD Red and tremulous tongue
® String-taut, rapid
FCM
Dizziness
Sudden unconsciousness, convulsions, deviation of eye and
mouth, hemiplegia, aphasia or difficult speech
CD Red, peeled, deviated
® Floating-empty or wiry, fine and rapid
KEY SX: Sudden unconsciousness, convulsion, deviation of
eyes and mouth

LV WIND+- LIVER BLOOD DEFICIENCY

CAM FCM
C Refer to the syndrome of Liver Blood deficiency Numbness of limbs, tic, shaking of head, tremor of limbs
CD Pale, deviated
® Choppy
KEY SX: Shaking of head, tremors, pale tongue

DAMP-HEAT IN LIVER AND GALLBLADDER

CAM
Hypochondriac distension and pain, bitter taste, no appetite
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, scanty/yellow urine
May be yellow sclera and skin of the entire body or fever
d' Eczema of scrotum, swelling and burning pain in the
testes,
\;? Yellow foul leukorrhea with pruritus vulvae
CD Yellow, sticky coating
® String-taut, rapid
FCM
Fullness of chest/hypochondrium, bitter taste, no appetite
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, scanty-dark urine
Fever, jaundice
d' Pain-redness-swelling of scrotum
\;? Vaginal discharge, vaginal itching
CD Red body, sticky-yellow coating
® Slippery, wiry, rapid
KEY SX: Fever, fullness of chest and hypochondrium,
nausea, sticky yellow coating, slippery pulse

STAGNATION OF COLD IN THE LIVER MERIDIAN

CAM
Lower abdominal distending pain, with bearing down
sensation in the testes, the scrotum may be contracted
Pain is aggravated by cold and alleviated by warmth
CD White coating
® Slippery, deep, string-taut
FCM
Fullness and distension of the hypogastrium Oust over UB)
with pain which refers to the scrotum and testis
Pain is alleviated by warmth
In woman there can be shrinking of vagina
CD Pale, wet, white coating
® Wiry, deep, slow
KEY SX: Hypogastric pain -7 scrotum, wiry-deep-slow pulse

LIVER BLOOD DEFICIENCY

CAM
Pallor, dizziness and vertigo
Blurring of vision, dryness of the eyes, night blindness
Numbness of the limbs, spasm of the tendons
Scanty menstrual flow or amenorrhea
FCM
Dizziness, insomnia, dull-pale complexion, pale lips
Blurred vision, "floaters", withered/brittle nails, dry hair/skin
Numbness of limbs, muscular weakness and spasm, cramps
Scanty menstruation or amenorrhea

CD Pale
CD Pale body especially on the sides which, in extreme
cases, can assume an orange colour, and dry
® Thready pulse ® Choppy or fine
KEY SX: Blurred vision, scanty periods, dull-pale complexion,
pale tongue

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 93

GALLBLADDER DEFICIENCY (FCM ONLY)

CAM FCM
Dizziness, blurred vision
Nervousness, timidity, propensity to being easily startled,
lack of courage and initiative, sighing
(f) Pale or normal
® Weak
KEY SX: Timidity, sighing, lack of courage

HT & Sl

HEART Ql DEFICIENCY
CAM
Palpitations, shortness of breath on exertion
Spontaneous sweating, listlessness, lassitude
(f) Pale
® Thready, weak pulse, or a missed-beat pulse
FCM
Palpitations, shortness of breath on exertion
Sweating, pallor, tiredness, listlessness
(f) Pale or normal colour, in severe cases, midline crack
reaching the tip and with a swelling on each side of it
® Empty, in severe cases, the heart pulse could feel
slightly overflowing and empty
KEY SX: Palpitations, tiredness, empty pulse

HEART YANG DEFICIENCY

CAM
Palpitations, shortness of breath on exertion
Spontaneous sweating, listlessness, lassitude
Chills, cold limbs, cyanosis of lips
(f) Pale, swollen and delicate or a purplish dark tongue
FCM
Palpitations, shortness of breath on exertion
Tiredness, listlessness, sweating
Feeling of stuffiness or discomfort in the heart region
Feeling of cold, bright-pale face, cold limbs (esp. hands)
(f) Pale, wet, swollen
® Deep, weak or knotted
KEY SX: Palpitations, feeling of cold, cold limbs, deep pulse

HEART YANG COLLAPSE

CAM FCM
Palpitations, shortness of breath Palpitations, shortness of breath
Feeble breathing Weak and shallow breathing
Profuse sweating, cold limbs Profuse sweating, cold limbs, cyanosis of lips
Mental cloudiness or even coma In severe case coma
(f) Very pale or bluish-purple, short
® Feeble fading pulse ® Hidden-minute-knotted
KEY SX: Cyanosis of lips, hidden-minute pulse, cold limbs

HEART BLOOD DEFICIENCY

CAM FCM
Palpitations, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep Palpitations, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep
Dizziness and vertigo, poor memory Dizziness, poor memory
Pallor, pale lips Dull-pale complexion, pale lips
Anxiety, propensity to be startled
(f) Pale (f) Pale, thin, slightly dry
® Thready and weak ® Choppy or fine
KEY SX: Palpitations, insomnia, poor memory, pale tongue

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
94 DIAGNOSIS

HEART YIN DEFICIENCY

CAM FCM
Palpitations, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep, poor memory Palpitations, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep
Propensity to be startled, anxiety, mental restlessness,
Mental restlessness, "uneasiness", "fidgetiness"
Dryness of the mouth, heat sensation in the palms, and Malar flush, low-grade fever esp. in the evening, "feeling
soles, tidal fever, night sweating hot and bothered", night sweating, dry mouth, 5-palm heat
d) Red, no coating, tip redder and swollen with red points,
d) Red deep midline crack reaching the tip
® Thready and rapid ® Floating-empty-rapid or fine-rapid
KEY SX: Palpitations, mental restlessness, feeling of heat,
malar flush, red-peeled tongue with deep midline crack

HEART BLOOD STAGNATION

CAM FCM
Palpitations Palpitations
Intermittent cardiac pain {stabbing or stuffy in nature) Pain in the heart region, discomfort or feeling of
which often refers to the shoulder and arm oppression or constriction of the chest
In severe case there may occur cyanosis of face, lips and
Cyanosis of lips and nails, cold hands
nails, cold limbs and spontaneous sweating
d) Purplish dark tongue or purplish spots d) Purple
® Thready and hesitant or a missed-beat pulse ® Knotted
KEY SX: Heart region pain, cyanosis of lips, purple tongue

HEART FIRE BLAZING

CAM FCM
Mental restlessness, insomnia Palpitations, restlessness, agitation, insomnia, impulsiveness
Flushed face, thirst Thirst, red face, feeling of heat, bitter taste
Ulceration and pain of the mouth and tongue Mouth and tongue ulcers
Hot/deep yellow urine, in severe case, hesitant/painful
Dark urine or blood in urine
urine
(j) Red d) Red, tip redder and swollen with red points, yellow
coating, there may be a midline crack reaching to the tip
® Rapid ® Full-rapid-overflowing especially on the left front, hasty
KEY SX: Tongue ulcers, thirst, palpitations, red tongue

PHLEGM-FIRE HARASSING THE HEART

CAM
Derangement of the mind
Mania, aggressive and violent behavior
Insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep
Flushed face, coarse breathing
Constipation, deep-yellow urine
d) Yellow, sticky coating
® Rolling, rapid and forceful
FCM
Mental restlessness, propensity to be startled, agitation,
mental depression and dullness
Incoherent speech, mental confusion, rash behaviour,
uncontrolled laughter or cry, shouting, muttering to oneself
Palpitations, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep
Bitter taste
In severe cases, aphasia and coma
d) Red, yellow-sticky coating, midline crack with yellow
prickles. tip may be redder and swollen with red point.
® Full-rapid-slippery or rapid-full-wiry or overflowing-rapid
KEY SX: All the various mental symptoms and the red
tongue with sticky-yellow coating

PHLEGM MISTING THE HEART

CAM FCM
Mental depression and dullness, or incoherent speech,
Mental confusion, unconsciousness, lethargic stupor
weeping and laughing without an apparent reason
Gurgling with sputum in the throat Vomiting, rattling sound in the throat, aphasia
Sudden collapse, coma
(j) White, sticky coating d) Swollen body, thick-sticky-slippery coating, midline crack
reaching the tip with prickles in it
® String-taut and rolling ® Slippery
KEY SX: Mental confusion, rattling sound in throat,
sticky-slippery tongue coating

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 95

SMALL INTESTINE Ql PAIN

CAM FCM
Acute pain of the lower abdomen Lower abdominal twisting pain which may extend to back
Abdominal distension Abdominal distension, dislike of pressure on abdomen

Borborygmus Borborygmi, flatulence, abdominal pain relieved by emission

of wind
Bearing-down pain in the testes referring to the lumbar
Pain in the testis
region
GJ White coating GJ White coating
® Deep, string-taut ® Deep, wiry, especially on the rear positions
KEY SX: Lower abdominal twisting pain, borborygmi,
deep-wiry pulse

SMALL INTESTINE Ql TIED (FCM ONLY)

CAM FCM
Violent abdominal pain, dislike of pressure, abdominal
distension
Constipation, borborygmi, flatulence
Vomiting
CD Thick, white coating
® Deep, wiry
KEY SX: Sudden violent abdominal pain, constipation,
vomiting, deep-wiry pulse

INFESTATION OF WORMS IN THE SMALL INTESTINE (FCM ONLY)

CAM FCM
Abdominal pain and distension, bad taste in mouth
Sallow complexion
Roundworms (ascarid) : abdominal pain, vomiting of round
worms, cold limbs
Hookworms : desire to eat strange objects such as soil,
wax, uncooked rice or tea leaves
Pinworms : itchy anus, worse in the evening
Tapeworms : constant hunger

SP & ST

SPLEEN Ql DEFICIENCY
CAM FCM
Sallow complexion, tiredness, lassitude, w eakness of the
Sallow complexion, emaciation, lassitude
limbs
Reduced appetite, abdominal distension, loose stools No appetite, abdominal distension after eating, loose stools
dislike of speaking

GJ Pale, thin-white coating GJ Pale or normal-coloured, in chronic case the sides will
be swollen sometimes with transversal cracks
® Slowing-down, weak or soft, thready ® Empty
KEY SX: No appetite, tiredness, loose stools

SPLEEN Ql SINKING
CAM FCM
SP Qi deficient symptoms Any of the Symptoms and signs of SP-Qi deficiency plus
Bearing-down sensation in the abdominal region Bearing down sensation in the abdomen
Prolapse of stomach, uterus, anus of vagina, frequency and
Visceral prolapse, prolapse of the anus
urgency of urination
GJ Pale, thin-white coating CD Pale
® Slowing-down, weak or soft, thready ® Empty or w ea k
KEY SX: Bearing down sensation, weak pulse

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
96 DIAGNOSIS

SPLEEN UNABLE TO CONTROL BLOOD

CAM FCM
Pale complexion, lassitude, dislike of speaking Sallow complexion and shortness of breath
Purpura, blood spots under the skin, blood in the urine or
Purpura, bloody stools
stools
Excessive menstrual flow, uterine bleeding in women Menorrhagia or metrorrhagia in women
(f) Pale (f) Pale
® Thready, weak ®Fine
KEY SX: Fine pulse, pale tongue and bleeding

SPLEEN YANG DEFICIENCY

CAM FCM
Pallor Sallow or bright-white complexion, tiredness
Poor appetite, abdominal distension which is worse after Lack of appetite, abdominal distension after eating
eating
Dull pain in the abdominal region which is better with
warmth and pressure
Chilliness, cold limbs, weakness of the limbs, loose stools,
The four limbs being not warm, loose stools
edema
(f) Pale and delicate, white coating (f) Pale, swollen, wet
® Deep, slow ® Weak, slow, deep
KEY SX: Loose stools, chilliness, cold limbs and tiredness

COLD-DAMP INVADING SPLEEN

CAM FCM
Oppression feeling of the chest and epigastrium, feeling of
Fullness and distension in the epigastrium and abdomen
cold in the epigastrium which improves with warmth
Loss of appetite, sticky saliva No appetite, sweetish taste or absence of taste, no thirst
Heaviness of the head and body Heaviness of the head, lassitude and feeling of heaviness
Loose stools or diarrhea Loose-thin stools, white vaginal discharge
(f) White-sticky coating (f) Sticky-thick-white coating
®Soft ® Slippery-slow
KEY SX: Feeling of oppression of chest-epigastrium, feeling
of heaviness and sticky tongue coating

EXTERNAL DAMPNESS OBSTRUCTING SPLEEN (WEB ONLY)

CAM WEB
The same signs of dampness distress are present
In addition, this pattern tends to be relatively acute,
characterized by sudden onset and, occasionally, a low
fever

DAMP-HEAT IN THE SPLEEN AND STOMACH

CAM FCM
Stuffiness of the epigastrium and lower abdomen,
Fullness and distension in the epigastrium and abdomen
abdominal pain
Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, bitter taste and Nausea, vomiting, thirst without desire to drink or drink in
stickiness in the mouth small sips
Heaviness of the body, lassitude Feeling of heaviness
Loose stools with offensive odor, burning sensation of the
Loose stools, scanty, yellow urine
anus
Bright yellow face, eyes and skin Scanty and dark-yellow urination, low-grade fever, headache
(f) Yellow-sticky coating (f) Sticky-yellow coating
® Soft, rapid ® Slippery-rapid
KEY SX: Sticky-yellow coating, loose stools with offensive
odor and low-grade fever

TURBID PHLEGM DISTURBING THE HEAD (WEB ONLY)

CAM WEB
This is a development of Damp Spleen patterns.
Severe dizziness, rather than a feeling of heaviness in the
head

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 97

FOOD RETENTION IN THE STOMACH

CAM FCM
Distension, fullness and pain in the epigastrium and Fullness and distension of the epigastrium which are
abdomen relieved by vomiting
Foul belching, sour regurgitation, vomiting Nausea, vomiting, foul breath, sour regurgitation, belching
Anorexia No appetite
Hesitant bowel movement.
Insomnia
G) Thick-sticky coating G) Thick coating (white or yellow)
® Rolling ® Full, slippery

KEY SX: Eipigastric full ness, sour regurgitation, thick coating

COLD-FLUID RETENTION IN THE STOMACH

CAM FCM
Epigastric fullness and pain Sudden pain in the epigastrium
Worse with cold, better with warmth Feeling cold, preference for warmth
Reflux of clear fluid or vomiting after eating Vomiting of clear fluid
Preference for warm liquids
G) White-slippery coating G) Thick-white coating
® Slow ® Deep, slow, tight
KEY SX: Sudden pain in epigastrium, vomiting, feeling cold,
deep-tight pulse

STOMACH FIRE
CAM
Burning sensation and pain in the epigastric region, empty
and uncomfortable feeling in the stomach
Sour regurgitation
Vomiting, foul breath
Thirst with preference for cold drinks
Voracious appetite and getting hungry easily
Swelling and pain or ulceration and bleeding of the gums
Constipation, scanty yellow urine
G) Red, yellow coating
® Rapid
FCM
Burning sensation and pain in the epigastrium
Sour regurgitation
Nausea, vomiting soon after eating and bad breath
Thirst with desire to drink cold liquids
Constant hunger
Swelling and pain in the gums, bleeding gums
Constipation
G) Red, thick-yellow-dry coating
® Full, deep, rapid
KEY SX: Burning sensation epigastrium, thirst with desire to
drink cold liquids, thick-yellow coating, red tongue

STOMACH YIN DEFICIENCY

CAM FCM
Burning pain in the epigastric region Epigastric pain
Empty and uncomfortable sensation in the stomach Feeling of fullness after eating
Hunger with no desire to eat No appetite
Dry vomiting and hiccups Dry mouth and throat especially in the afternoon
Dryness of the mouth and throat Fever or feeling of heat in the afternoon
Constipation Constipation (dry stools)
Thirst but with no desire to drink or desire to drink in
sma ll sips
G) Peeled in the center, or with coating "without root",
G) Red, little moisture
red in the center in empty heat
® Thready, rapid ® Floating-empty on the right middle position
KEY SX: Epigastric pain, dry mouth, tongue peeled in the
center or with rootless coating in the center

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
98 DIAGNOSIS

••..•. ~·.· ····""~.·

• . . w . · •. •. u:".·..
~-~;'."'
', . -. -<'

LUNG Ql DEFICIENCY
CAM FCM
Feeble cough, shortness of breath worse on exertion Shortness of breath, cough
Clear dilute sputum Watery sputum
Lack of desire to talk, low voice, lassitude Weak voice, dislike to speak, tiredness
Aversion to wind, frigid appearance Dislike of cold, propensity to catching colds
Spontaneous sweating Daytime sweating
Bright-white complexion
® Pale, thin-white coating ® Pale or normal-coloured
® Weak, deficient ® Empty, particularly in the right front position
KEY SX: Shortness of breath, weak voice, bright-white
complexion, empty pulse

LUNG YIN DEFICIENCY

CAM FCM
Unproductive cough, cough with a small amount of sticky Cough which is dry or with a little sticky sputum,
sputum, or cough with blood tinged sputum blood-tinged sputum
Dryness of the mouth and throat Dry mouth and throat, hoarse voice, tickly throat
Afternoon fever, malar flush, night sweating, heat sensation Low-grade fever, feeling of heat in the afternoon or
in the palms and soles evening, malar flush, night sweating, 5-palm heat, insomnia,
® Red with a small amount of coating ® Red, peeled, cracks in the lung area, dry
® Thready, rapid ® Floating-empty and rapid
KEY SX: Dry cough, heat in the afternoon, red-peeled
tongue

LUNG DRYNESS (FCM ONLY)

CAM FCM
Dry cough, dry skin, dry throat, horse voice
Dry mouth, thirst
®Dry
® Empty, especially on right front position
KEY SX: Dry cough, dry throat, hoarse voice, dry tongue
which is not red

WIND-COLD INVADING LUNG

CAM FCM
Cough with mucoid sputum Cough
Stuffed nose or runny nose with clear-watery mucus,
Nasal obstruction, watery nasal discharge
sneezing
Possible chills and fever Fever, aversion to cold, itchy throat
Headache Occipital headache, body aches
Absence of thrist, absence of sweating
® Thin-white coating ® Thin-white coating
® Superficial, tense ® Floating especially in the front position
KEY SX: Aversion to cold, sneezing, floating pulse

WIND-HEAT INVADING LUNG

CAM FCM
Cough with yellow purulent sputum Cough
Possibly with heat sensation of the body and aversion to
Fever, aversion to cold, slight sweating
wind
Thirst, sore throat Thrist, sore throat, swollen tonsils
Headache Headache, body aches
Stuffed or runny nose with yellow mucus
® Body red on the sides or tip, the coating is thin and
® Thin-yellow coating either white or yellow
® Superficial, rapid ® Floating-rapid
KEY SX: Fever, aversion to cold, sore throat, floating-rapid
pulse

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 99

WIND-WATER INVADING LUNG (FCM ONLY)

CAM FCM
Sudden swelling of eyes and face, gradually spreading to
the whole body
Bright-shiny complexion, scanty and pale urination
Aversion to wind, fever, cough, breathlessness
CD White-slippery coating
® Floating, slippery
KEY SX: Sudden swelling of face, aversion to wind,
floating-slippery pulse

DAMP-PHLEGM RETENTION IN THE LUNG

CAM FCM
Cough Chronic cough coming in bouts
Much frothy or white, sticky sputum Profuse white sputum which is easy to expectorate
Fullness and stuffiness in the chest Feeling of oppression of the chest, feeling "clogged-up"
Gurgling with sputum in the throat
Shortness of breath or asthma, orthopnea in severe cases Shortness of breath, dislike of lying down
White-pasty complexion
CD White, sticky coating CD Thick-sticky white coating
® Rolling ® Slippery or weak-floating and fine
KEY SX: Chronic cough with profuse white sputum,
thick-sticky white tongue coating

PHLEGM-HEAT RETENTION IN THE LUNG

CAM FCM
Cough, asthmatic and coarse breathing Barking cough
Yellow, thick sputum, foul smelling bloody pus Profuse yellow or green or dark and foul smelling sputum
Chest pain on coughing Shortness of breath, asthma, Oppression of the chest
Flapping of ala nasi in severe cases
Dryness of the mouth
Yellow urine, constipation
CD Red, yellow-sticky coating CD Red body, thick-sticky yellow coating
® Rolling and rapid ® Slippery-rapid-full
KEY SX: Cough, yellow or green sputum, thick-sticky yellow
coating, rapid-slippery pulse

PHLEGM-FLUIDS OBSTRUCTING THE LUNG (FCM ONLY)

CAM FCM
Cough, breathlessness, cough which may be elicited by a
scare
Vomiting of white-watery-frothy sputum, splashing sounds in
the chest
Chilliness
CD Pale body, thick-sticky white coating
® Fine and slippery or weak-floating
KEY SX: Cough with white-watery-frothy sputum

DAMP-HEAT IN THE LARGE INTESTINE

CAM FCM
Abdominal pain Abdominal pain
Blood and mucus in the stools Diarrhea, mucus and blood in stools
Diarrhea with yellow, watery stools Offensive odor of stools, burning in anus
Burning sensation of the anus, tenesmus
Scanty deep-yellow urine Scanty-dark urine, fever,
Possible fever and thirst Sweating, thirst without desire to drink,
Feeling of heaviness of the body and limbs,
Stuffiness of chest and epigastrium
CD Yellow-sticky coating CD Red, sticky-yellow coating
® Rolling, rapid or soft, rapid ® Slippery, rapid
KEY SX: Abdominal pain, diarrhea with mucus and blood in
the stools

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
100 DIAGNOSIS

DRYNESS OF THE LARGE INTESTINE

CAM FCM
Dry stools, constipation Dry stools which are difficult to discharge
Dryness of the mouth and throat Dry mouth and throat, thin body
(]) Red, little moisture, or dry-yellow coating CD Dry, either pale or red without coating
® Thready ®Fine
KEY SX: Dry stools, thin body

HEAT OBSTRUCTING THE LARGE INTESTINE (FCM ONLY)

CAM FCM
Constipation, burning in anus
Abdominal distension/pain which is worse with pressure
High fever or tidal fever
Sweating especially on limbs, vomiting, thirst, delirium
(]) Red body, thick-dry-yellow (or brown-black) coating
® Deep, full, big
KEY SX: Constipation, abdominal pain, fever

KIDNEY Ql DEFICIENCY
CAM FCM
Soreness/weakness of the lumbar region and knee joints Soreness and weakness of the back
Frequent urination with clear urine Clear-frequent urination
Dribbling of urine after urination or enuresis Weak stream urination, dribbling after urination
Incontinence of urine, enuresis, urination at night,
Incontinence of urine in severe case, spermatorrhea and
premature ejaculation, spermatorrhea, nocturnal emissions
premature ejaculation in man
without dreams
Clear, cold leukorrhea in women In women prolapse of uterus, chronic vaginal discharge
CD Pale, white coating CD Pale
® Thready, weak ® Deep-weak
KEY SX: Dribbling after urination, nocturnal emission
without dreams

KIDNEY YANG DEFICIENCY

CAM FCM
Pallor, cold limbs Aversion to cold, bright-white complexion, lassitude, poor
appetite, loose stools
Soreness and weakness of the lumbar region and knee Soreness of the back, cold knees, sensation of cold in the
joints back, weak legs, weak knees
Impotence, infertility, dizziness, tinnitus Impotence, premature ejaculation, infertility, abundant-clear
urination, scanty-clear urination, apathy, edema of the legs
(]) Pale, white coating CD Pale, swollen, wet
® Deep, weak ® Deep-weak
KEY SX: Cold in the back, abundant-clear urination, pale
tongue, deep pulse

KIDNEY-YANG DEFICIENCY • WATER OVERFLOWING (FCM ONLY}

CAM FCM
Edema especially of legs and ankles, abdominal
fullness/distension
Cold feelings in legs and back, soreness of lower back,
feeling cold, scanty-clear urination
Water • Heart : + palpitations, breathlessness, cold hands
Water • Lung : + thin-watery-frothy sputum, cough,
asthma and breathlessness on exertion
CD Pale, swollen, white coating
® Deep, weak, slow
KEY SX: Edema of ankles, deep-weak pulse, pale-swollen
tongue, Water=}HT : + palpitations, WateRLU : + thin,
watery, frothy sputum

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 101

KIDNEY YIN DEFICIENCY

CAM FCM
Dizziness, tinnitus, poor memory, insomnia Dizziness, tinnitus, vertigo, poor memory, deafness
Soreness/weakness of the lumbar region and knee joints Sore back, ache in bones,
Nocturnal emission Nocturnal emission
Dry mouth, afternoon fever, malar flush, night sweating Night sweating, dry mouth at night, 5-palm heat, thirst
Yellow urine, constipation Constipation, dark-scanty urine
GJ Red, little coating GJ Red, no coating, cracks
® Thready, rapid ® Floating-empty and rapid
KEY SX: Dry mouth at night, night sweat, peeled tongue

KIDNEY YIN DEFICIENCY • EMPTY FIRE BLAZING

CAM FCM
Malar flush, low-grade fever, afternoon fever, dry throat
esp. at night, night sweating
Scanty-dark urine, blood in the urine, dry stools
Nocturnal emissions with dreams, excessive sexual desire
Soreness of the lower back
GJ Red-peeled, cracked, red tip
® Floating-empty, rapid
KEY SX: Malar flush, mental restlessness, dry throat at
night, feeling of heat in the afternoon, red-peeled tongue

KIDNEY ESSENCE DEFICIENCY (WEB & FCM ONLY)

WEB FCM
In children : slow physical or mental development, late or In children : poor bone development, late closure of
incomplete fontanel closure, or poor skeletal development fontanelle, mental dullness or retardation
In adult : premature aging or senility, bad teeth, poor In adults : softening of bones, weakness of knees and legs,
memory, and brittle bones, sexual dysfunction without poor memory, loose teeth, falling hair or premature greying
appearances of cold or heat of hair, weakness of sexual activity, soreness of the back
In addition, many of the KD specific signs would be seen
GJ Red and peeled
® Floating- empty or leather
KEY SX: Children - poor bone development adult - weak
'
knees, falling hair, weak sexual activity

-
DAMP HEAT IN THE URINARY BLADDER
CAM FCM
Frequency and urgency of urination Frequent and urgent urination
Burning pain in the urethra Burning on urination
Dribbling urination or discontinuation in mid-stream Difficult urination (stopping in the middle of flow)
Turbid urine, deep-yellow in colour Dark-yellow and/or turbid urine, bloody urine, sand in urine
Hematuria, or stones in the urine
Possible abdominal distension and fullness or lumbago
Fever, thirst
GJ Yellow, sticky coating GJ Red, thick-sticky yellow coat on the root with red spots
® Rapid ® Rapid, slippery, slightly wiry on the left rear position
KEY SX: Burning on urination, dark urine, difficult urination

COMBINED PATTERNS

HEART BLOOD AND SPLEEN Ql DEFICIENCY (CAM & WEB ONLY)

CAM WEB
Palpitations, poor memory, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep,
Palpitations, insomnia, pale, sa llow complexion
sallow complexion
Reduced appetite, abdominal distension, loose stools, Loss of appetite, abdominal distention, loose stools,
general lassitude lethargy
Irregular menstruation in women Menstrual blood is pale and excessive, or amenorrhea
GJ Pale with thin, white coating GJ Pale
® Thready, weak pulse ® Empty or thin

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
102 DIAGNOSIS

HEART Ql AND LUNG Ql DEFICIENCY (WEB ONlY)

CAM WEB
Palpitations
S.O.B., weak cough, asthma, spontaneous sweating
CD Pale
® Frail

HEART AND KIDNEY NOT HARMONIZED

CAM FCM
Mental restlessness, insomnia, palpitations, poor memory Palpitations, mental restlessness, insomnia, poor memory
Dizziness, tinnitus, soreness of the lumbar region, Dizziness, tinnitus, deafness, soreness of the lower back,
spermatorrhea in dreams nocturnal emissions with dreams
Fever or feeling of heat in the afternoon, night sweating,
Dryness of the throat, tidal fever, night sweating scanty-dark urine
CDRed, little coating CD Red-peeled, tip redder, crack in midline reaching t he tip
® Thready, rapid ® Floating-empty, rapid
KEY SX: Palpitations, insomnia, night sweating, red-peeled
tongue with redder tip and midline crack

HEART YANG AND KIDNEY YANG DEFICIENCY (WEB ONlY)

CAM WEB
Palpitations, cold appearance
Edema, scanty urine
CD Pale, swollen, moist material, white moss
® Sinking and minute
KEY SX: Feeling of cold, palpitations, edema, deep pulse

LUNG AND SPLEEN Ql DEFICIENCY

CAM FCM
General lassitude Tiredn ess, bright-white complexion
Cough with profuse, dilute, white sputum Weak voice, slight breathlessness, slight spontaneous sweat
Poor appetite, loose stools No appetite, loose stools
In severe cases, facial puffiness and edema of the feet
CDPale, white coating CD Pale
® Weak, thready ® Empty, especially on the right side
KEY SX: No appetite, tiredness and breathlessness

LUNG AND KIDNEY Ql DEFICIENCY

CAM FCM
Shortness of breath on exertion, rapid and weak breathing,
Asthmatic breathing, shortness of breath
cough, asthma
More exhalation than inhalation worse on exertion Difficulty in inhaling
Low voice, no spirit Swelling of the face, thin body, mental listlessness
Cold limbs, blue complexion Cold limbs, cold limbs after sw eating
Spontaneous sweating Sweating
Incontinence of urine due to severe cough Clear urination during asthma attack, soreness of the back
CD Pale, thin coating CD Pale
® Weak, deficient ® Weak, tight, deep
KEY SX: S.O.B. on exertion, sweat ing, cl ear urination

LUNG AND KIDNEY YIN DEFICIENCY

CAM FCM
Cough with a small amount of sputum, or blood-tinged Dry cough which is worse in the evening, breathlessness on
sputum exertion
Soreness and w ea kness of the lumbar region and knee Soreness of the lower back, weak limbs, nocturnal
joints, nocturnal emission emissions
Dryness of the mouth and throat, tidal f ever, malar flush, Dry mouth, t hin body, fever or fee ling of heat in the
night sweating afternoon, night sw eating, 5-palm heat
CD Red, litt le coating CD Red-peeled with two transversal cracks in the lung area
® Thready, rapid ® Floating-empty
KEY SX: Dry cough, f eeling of heat in the evening, night
sweating, red-peeled tongue

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 103

SPLEEN AND KIDNEY YANG DEFICIENCY

CAM
Pallor, cold limbs
Soreness and weakness of lumbar region and knee joints
Loose stools or diarrhea at dawn
Facial puffiness and edema of the limbs
(f) Pale, swollen, delicate, thin-white coating
® Deep, weak
FCM
Aversion to cold, cold limbs, cold abdomen and legs
Abundant-clear or scanty-clear urine, back cold feeling
Loose stools, diarrhea at dawn, diarrhea like water
Edema of the abdomen and legs
Physical weakness, mental listlessness, phlegm in throat,
breathlessness, dislike to speak, desire to lie down,
abdominal distension, poor appetite, borborygmi
(f) Pale. swollen
® Deep, weak, slow
KEY SX: Chronic, diarrhea, chilliness, feeling of cold in the
back, deep-weak-slow pulse

SPLEEN Ql AND LIVER BLOOD DEFICIENCY (FCM ONLY)

CAM FCM
Tiredness, sallow complexion, loose stools, no appetite
Dizziness, blurred vision, numbness or tingling of limbs
(f) Pale, paler on the sides, In severe cases the sides could
have a slight orange colour.
® Choppy
KEY SX: Dizziness, loose stools and pale or orangy sides of
the tongue

OBSTRUCTION OF SPLEEN BY DAMPNESS WITH STAGNATION OF LIVER Ql (FCM ONLY)

CAM FCM
Stuffiness and fullness of the epigastrium, nausea, no
appetite, loose stools, feeling of heaviness, thirst with
desire to drink in small amounts, sallow complexion
Hypochondriac pain, jaundice, bitter taste
(f) Thick-sticky-yellow coating
® Slippery and wiry
KEY SX: Stuffiness and fullness of epigastrium,
hypochondriac pain and a thick-sticky-yellow tongue coating

LIVER AND KIDNEY YIN DEFICIENCY

CAM FCM
Dizziness, tinnitus, nocturnal emission, soreness and Sallow complexion, dizziness, tinnitus, nocturnal emission,
weakness of the lumbar region and knee joints soreness of the lower back, difficult-dry stools
Dry eyes, blurred vision, numbness of limbs, dull occipital
Blurring of vision
or vertical headache, propensity to outburst of anger
Dryness of the throat, heat sensation in the chest, palms Insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep, dry throat, malar flush.
and soles, malar flush, night sweating feeling of heat of palms and soles, night sweating
Scanty menstrual flow Scanty menstruation or amenorrhea, delayed cycle, infertility
(f) Red, little coating (f) Red-peeled, cracked
® Thready, rapid ® Floating-empty or choppy
KEY SX: Dry eyes, dry throat, night sweating, scanty
menstruation, red-peeled coating

LIVER AND SPLEEN DISHARMONY

CAM FCM
Mental depression or irritability Irritability
Distension, fullness and pain in the costal/hypochondriac
Abdominal distension and pain, flatulence
regions, abdominal distension
Poor appetite Tiredness
Alternation of constipation and diarrhea, stools sometimes
Loose stools
dry and bitty and sometimes loose
(f) Thin coating (f) Red on the sides or pale
® String-taut ® Weak on the right and wiry on the left
KEY SX: Alternation of constipation and diarrhea, abdominal
distension and pain

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
104 DIAGNOSIS

LIVER AND STOMACH DISHARMONY

CAM FCM
Distension/pain in the costal/hypochondriac and epigastric Distension and pain in the epigastrium and hypochond rium,
region, empty and uncomfortable sensation in the stomach fullness in epigastrium
Belching, acid regurgitation Sour regurgitation, belching, nausea, vomiting
Mental depression or irritability irritability
CD Thin coating CD Red on the sides or pale
® String-taut ® Weak on the right and wiry on the lest
KEY SX:

LIVER FIRE INSULTING LUNG

CAM FCM
Burning pain in the costal and hypochondriac region, quick Headache, dizziness, red face, thirst, bitter taste,
temper, irritability, restlessness, heat sensation in the chest, scanty-dark urine, constipation
bitter taste, dizziness, red eyes
Breathlessness, asthma, fullness and stuffiness of the chest
Paroxysmal cough or even hemoptysis in severe cases and hypochondrium, cough, yellow or blood-tinged spu tum
CD Red, redder on the sides, swollen in the front part'
CD Red, thin-yellow coating yellow coating
® String-taut, rapid ® Wiry and slippery
KEY SX: Breathlessness, asthma, fullness of hypochondrium,
headache, wiry pulse

KIDNEY UNABLE TO GRASP Ql (WEB & FCM ONLY)

WEB FCM
Asthma (especially exhalation easy, inhalation difficult), Shortness of breath on exertion, rapid and weak breat hing,
Shortness of breath, exertion worsens condition difficulty in inhaling, cough, asthma, sweating
Cold limbs, spontaneous sweating, low voice Cold limbs, cold limbs after sweating
No spirit Swelling of the face, thin body, mental listlessness
Clear urination during asthma attack, soreness of the back
CD Pale, moist, swollen material CD Pale
® Frail or empty ® Weak, tight, deep
KEY SX: Shortness of breath on exertion, sweating, cle ar
urination

Differentiation I 3. Zang Fu
 DIAGNOSIS 105

4. PATHOGENIC FACTORS DIFFERENTIATION

CHARACTERISTICS

1 6 Pathogenic factors : Wind, Cold, Dampness, Heat, Dryness and Fire.

2 They always correspond to a EXCESS pattern according to the 8 principles.
3 Pathogenic factors are more important as patterns of disharmony than as causes of disease.
The diagnosis of pathogenic factor is made not on the basis of the patient's history, but on the basis of the
4
pattern of symptoms and signs presented.

PATHOGENIC FACTORS

WIND COLD SUMMER-HEAT DAMPNESS DRYNESS FIRE

Yang Yin Yang Yin Yang Yang

Spring Winter Summer Late Summer Autumn Summer

• External Wind
• External Cold
• External Damp • External
Dryness • External Fire
Wind-Cold
Wind-Heat
Wind-Damp • Related to a
specific season
Wind-Water

• Internal Wind
• Internal Cold
• Internal Damp
• Internal Dryness • Internal Fire

only occur in
summertime
Signs and symptoms:
aversion to heat,
sweating, headache,
scanty-dark urine,
dry lips, thirst, CD
red tongue on the
sides and tip, ®
rapid

SIX PATHOGENS AND SYMPTOMS (pg.29)

6 CLIMATES 5 ELEMENT SYMPTOMS

Aversion to cold, fever, sore throat, sneezing, runny nose, occipital stiffness, floating
Skin
pulse
WIND + LV SPRING
Channel Stiffness, rigidity, sudden muscle contraction
Joint Joint pain that moves from place to place, esp. in the upper part of the body (Wind-Bi)
Aversion to heat, high fever, sweating, mental confusion, thirst, overflowing-rapid pulse,
FIRE + General
red tongue with yellow coating
HT SUMMER
SUMMER Aversion to cold, fever, sweating, headache, dark urine, thirst, floating-rapid pulse
+ General
HEAT
Sinew Heavy limbs, dull ache of the muscles
LATE Joint Pain, heaviness and swelling of the joints, esp. of the lower part of the body (Damp-Bi)
DAMPNESS - SP
SUMMER Acute urinary discomfort, acute vaginal discharge, acute skin disease with vesicles or
Other
papules, acute digestive upsets
DRYNESS + LU AUTUMN General Acute dry cough, aversion to cold, fever, dry mouth and nose
Sinew Stiffness, contraction of muscles, pain, and chilliness
Joint Severe pain in a joint (Cold-Bi)
COLD - KD WINTER
ST,LI,
ST: sudden epigastric pain with vomiting
Ll: sudden abdominal pain with diarrhea
Uterus
Uterus: acute dysmenorrhea

Differentiation I 4. Pathogenic Factors

106 DIAGNOSIS

5. FIVE ELEMENTS DIFFERENTIATION

GENERATION CYCLE CONTROLING CYCLE

ELEMENTS
NOT GENERATING SON OVERACTING ON GRANDSON INSULTING GRANDMOTHER

WOOD C FIRE WOOD -7 EARTH WOOD ~ METAL

Timidity, a lack of courage,
indecision, palpitations and
WOOD
insomnia (in particular, waking up
in the early hours of the morning)
Hypochondriac and epigastric pain, Cough, asthma and a feeling of
a feeling of distension, irritability, distension of chest and
loose stools, poor appetite and a hypochondrium
greenish face

ZANGFU LV/GB not nourishing HT LV Qi Stagnation -7 SP deficiency LV insulting LU

FIRE C EARTH FIRE -7 METAL FIRE ~ WATER

Loose stools, chilliness and Cough with profuse yellow sputum, Malar flush, dry mouth at night,
FIRE weakness of the limbs a feel ing of heat and a red face insomnia, dizziness, lower back
ache and night-sweating
................ ······························································································· .....
ZANGFU Mingmen Fire not warming SP Excess Heat in LU HT and KD disharmony
EARTH C METAL EARTH -7 WATER EARTH ~ WOOD
EARTH Phlegm in the chest, cough and Edema, difficult urination and a Jaundice and hypochondriac pain
tiredness yellow face and distension

ZANGFU SP deficiency leading to LU Phlegm SP Damp -7 KD dysfunction SP Damp ~ LV Qi stagnation

METAL C WATER METAL -7 WOOD METAL ~ FIRE
METAL Cough, breathlessness, loss of voice Tiredness, irritability, a fee ling of Palpitations, insomnia and
and asthma distension and a white face breathlessness

ZANGFU KD not receiving lU Qi LU Qi def ~ HT Qi def.

WATER C WOOD WATER -7 FIRE WATER ~ EARTH
WATER Dizziness, blurred vision, headache No such pattern as the KD cannot Loose stools, edema, tiredness and
and vertigo be in Excess weakness of the limbs
.....

ZANGFU KD Yin def. leading to LV Yin def. KD Yang def. ~ SP Yang def.

GENERATING CYCLE CONTROLING CYCLE

Differentiation I 5. Five Elements

 DIAGNOSIS 107

6. CHANNEL DIFFERENTIATION

12 Primary Meridians 15 Collaterals 8 Extra Vessels Muscle Meridians

THE 12 PRIMARY MERIDIANS CAM

--
CHANNELS PATHOLOGICAL MANIFESTATION
Cough, asthmatic breathing, hemoptysis, congested and sore throat, a sensation of fullness in the chest ;
LU
pain in the supraclavicular fossa, shoulder, back and anterior border of the medial as(2ect of the arm
Epistaxis, watery nasal discharge, toothache, congested and sore throat ; pain in the neck, anterior part
E Ll of the shoulder and anterior border of the lateral as(2ect of the UJ2(2er limb ; borborygmus, abdominal
A pain, diarrhea and d'isenter'i
R Borborygmus, abdominal distension, edema, epigastric pain, vomiting, hunger, epistaxis, deviation of the
T ST mouth, congested and sore throat ; pain in the chest, abdomen and lateral of the lower limb ; fever
H and mania
Belching, vomiting, epigastric pain, abdominal distension, loose stools, jaundice, heaviness of the body,
SP lassitude, stiffness and (2ain in the root of the tongue, swelling and coldness in the medial aspect of the
thigh and knee
Cardiac pain, palpitations, hypochondriac pain, insomnia, night sweating, dryness of the throat, thirst,
HT
pain in the medial aspect of the upper arm and heat sensation in the palms

H Deafness, 'iellow sclera, sore throat, swelling of the cheeks, distension and pain in the lower abdomen
Sl
E and (2ain in the (2osterior border of the lateral as(2ect of the shoulder and arm
A Retention of urine, enuresis, manic and depressive mental disorders, malaria, pain of the eyes,
v UB lacrimation when exposed to wind, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, epistaxis, headache ; and pain in the
E nape, back, low back, buttocks and posterior aspect of the lower limbs
N
Enuresis, frequent urination, nocturnal emission, im(2otence, irregular menstruation, asthmatic breathing,
KD hemoptysis, dryness of the tongue, congested and sore throat, edema, pain in the lumbar region and in
the posteriomedial aspect of the thigh, weakness of the lower limbs and heat sensation in the soles
Cardiac pain, palpitations, mental restlessness, stuffiness in the chest, flushed face, swelling in the axilla,
PC
depressive and manic mental disorders, spasm of the upper limbs and heat sensation in the palms
Abdominal distension, edema, enuresis, dysuria, deafness, tinnitus, pain in the outer canthus, swelling of
H the cheeks, congested and sore throat and pain in the retroauricular region, shoulder, and lateral
SJ '
u aspect of the arm and elbow
M
Headache, pain in the outer canthus, pain in the jaw, blurring of vision, bitter taste in the mouth,
A
GB swelling and pain in the supraclavicular fossa, pain in the axilla ; and pain along the lateral aspect of
N
the chest, hypochondrium, thigh and lower limbs
Low back pain, fullness in the chest, pain in the lower abdomen, hernia, vertical headache, dryness of
LV
the throat, hiccups, enuresis, dysuria and mental disturbance

KEY SYMPTOMS
CHANNELS KEY SYMPTOMS OF 12 PRIMARY MERIDIAN PATHOLOGY
LU Cough, asthmatic breathing, anterior border of the medial aspect of the arm
m
l> Ll Toothache, anterior border of the lateral aspect of the upper limb, diarrhea and dysentery
~ ST Hunger, deviation of the mouth
::1:
SP Belching, jaundice, stiffness and pain in the root of the tongue
HT Insomnia, thirst
::1:
m Sl Yellow sclera, pain in the posterior border of the lateral aspect of the shoulder and arm
~
m UB Retention of urine, malaria
z
KD Impotence
PC Mental restlessness, manic mental disorders
::1:
c: SJ Deafness, tinnitus
s:
l> GB Blurring of vision, bitter taste in the mouth
z
LV Hernia, vertical headache

Differentiation I 6. Channels
108 DIAGNOSIS

THE 15 COLLATERALS CAM

wrist and palm, shortness of breath, enuresis and frequent

LU7
urination
HT HTS Fullness in the chest and diaphragm and aphasia
PC PC6 Cardiac pain and mental restlessness
Toothache, deafness, a cold sensation in the teeth, and a stifling sensation in the
Ll Ll6
chest and diaphragm
Weakness of joints, muscular atrophy and motor impairment of the elbow, and warts
51 517
on the skin
SJ SJS Spastic or flaccid cubital joints
Depressive and manic mental disorders, muscular atrophy and weakness in the lower
ST ST40
leg, congested and sore throat, and sudden hoarseness of voice, (epilepsy)
UB UBSS Nasal obstruction, watery nasal discharge, headache, pain in the back and epistaxis
Coldness in the foot, paralysis of the lower limbs and inability to stand erect,
GB 6837
(fainting)
SP SP4 Abdominal spasm, and cholera with vomiting and diarrhea
KD KD4 Retention of urine, lumbago, mental restlessness and stifling sensation in the chest
LV LVS Priapism, pruritus in the pubic region, swelling of the testes and hernia
REN RN15 Distending pain and pruritus of abdominal skin tissues
Stiffness of the spinal column, a heavy sensation in the head, and tremor of the
DU DUl
head
SP21 General aching and weakness of the joints of the four limbs

THE 15 COLLATERALS MNL & SGH

":
cl.noil.,ii> ,;. / •. ,' .. .· ~ ;\!' .;x ~· i' ,z .
\

·.···~·.
., ]~. ·' .r,'l~'.. ,..... '·: .·.•'. · "· ., . ~, .· . ·• .· . ...,. .>.< , : ~Mf1Y.
,;
.\ /' .. .
\{\

LU7 Thenar eminence

• Hot palms and wrists
• Yawning, frequent urination, enuresis
... ,.~! Ll6
. ·'· Teeth and ears
• Toothache, deafness • Sensation of cold in teeth, fullness and

.
congestion in the chest

.;;
..
··
ST40 Neck •• Full: insanity, epilepsy
Rebellious: pharyngitis, sudden loss of voice • Flaccid or atrophied muscles of legs or feet

··.:.
\.
. SP4 ST and Intestines • diarrhea),
Abdominal pain, rebellious Qi (vomiting and
food poisoning • Abdominal distention

····:1'.
• . :>'.. HTS Tongue and eyes
• Fullness and oppression of chest • Aphasia

~\ j Sl7 Shoulder • elbow

Loose joints, atrophy of arm muscles, still
• Long, finger-shaped warts, itching scabies
._,., ...
UB58 KD channel on leg
• Nasal congestion, headache, backache • Clear nasal discharge, nosebleed

•• Full:
I~Y
retention of urine (enuresis)
KD4 PC Rebellious: irritability, depression, chest
oppression
• Lower backache

·,·
l*t PC6 HT
• Chest pain • Stiffness of the head and neck
w . SJS PC in the chest
• Spasm of the elbow • Flaccid muscle in the arm and elbow

G8 :i; GB37
.·· .
Dorsum of foot
• Fainting • Weak and flaccid foot muscles, difficult to
stand from sitting position

.
•
l,V
.

.li!!· \
>

·c.\·,··:.'. LVS
RN15
DUl
External genitalia

Abdomen
Spine and occiput
•• Full: swelling of testicle, hernia-like disorders
Rebellious: abnormal erection

• Pain in the skin of abdomen

• Stiffness along the spine
•
•
•
Itching of pubic region

Itching of the skin of abdomen

Heaviness or dizziness of the head
G.SP SP21 Chest and ribs • Ache and pain all over body • Weak limb muscles

Differentiation I 6. Channels
 DIAGNOSIS 109

8 EXTRA VESSELS CAM

CHANNELS PATHOLOGICAL MANIFESTATION

Leukorrhea, irregular menstruation, infertility in both women and men, hernia, nocturnal em1ss1on, enuresis,
REN
retention of urine, pain in the epigastric region and lower abdomen, and (:1ain in the genital region
DU Stiffness and (:1ain in the S(:1inal column, 0(:1isthotonus, headache and epilepsy
Spasm and pain in the abdomen, irregular menstruation, infertil ity in both women and men, and asthmatic
CHONG
breathing
Distension and fullness in the abdomen, weakness of the lumbar region, leukorrhea, (:1rola(:1se of the uterus
DAI
and muscular atrophy, weakness and motor im(:1airment of the lower limbs
Epilepsy, insomnia, redness and pain in the inner canthus, pain in t he back and lumbar region, eversion of
YANG QIAO
the foot and spasm of the lower limbs
Epilepsy, lethargy, pain in the lower abdomen pain in the lumbar and hip regions referring to the pubic
YIN QIAO '
region ; spasm of the lower limbs and inversion of the foot
YIN WEI Interior syndromes such as chest (:1ain, cardiac (:1ain and stomachache
YANG WEI Exterior syndromes such as chi lis and fever

MUSCLE MERIDIANS MNL

PATHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS

LU • LIMB: Cramping and pain along the course of the channel

• SEVERE: Accumulation of lumps below the right lateral costal region, tension along the lateral costal region and spitting of blood

Ll • LIMB: Cramping and pain along the course of the channel

• TRUNK: Inability to rai se t he shoulder, inability to turn the neck to the left or to the right

• LIMB: Strained middle toe, cramping of the lower leg, spasmodic twitching and hardness of the muscles of the foot, spasm
of t he thigh

ST • TRUNK & FACE: swelling of the anterior inguinal region, Shan (hernia) disorder, abdominal sinew spasm that extends to the
ST12 (SCF), region and cheek, sudden deviation of the mouth

• EYE C Cold: inability to close the eye I Heat: laxity of the sinews and the eye ca nnot be opened

• DEVIATION C Cold: tense and pull the cheek 7 deviated mouth I Heat: sinew 7 deviated mouth

• LIMB: Strained big toe, pain of the medial ma lleolus, pain and cramping (along the course of the channe l), pain of the
medial aspect of the knee, pain of the media l thigh that reaches the inguinal region
SP
• TRUNK: Twisting pain of the genitals that may reach the navel and the lateral costa l region or lead to pain of the chest
and interior spine

HT • TRUNK:
LIMB: Pain, cramping and strain along the course of the channel

• LIMB: Straind
Internal t ension, accumulation below the HT

• posterior aspectlittleof fintheger,axillapain along the medial aspect of the elbow and upper arm, pain below the axi lla and on the
Sl • NECK & HEAD: Pain of t he scapu la that reaches the neck, tinnitus, pain of the ear that may reach the submandibular
region, a need to close the eyes for a long period of time before being able to see clearly, tension of the neck sinews that
leads to sinew atrophy and sw elling of the neck

• LIMB: Strain of t he little toe, pain and swelling of the heel, spasm of the popliteal region
UB • TRUNK: Opisthotonus, spasms and tension of the nape of the neck, inability to raise the shoulder, strain of the axilla, pain
and strain of the SCF (Supraclavicular fossa)

• LIMB: Cramping of t he bottom of the foot, cramping and pa in along the course of the channel, convulsion and spasm
associated with epi lepsy
KD
• YANG DISORDER (=Exterior): Inability to bend the lumbar spine forwards
lumbar spine backwards.
I YIN DISORDER (=Interior) : Inability t o bend the

PC • LIMB: Strained and cramping sensation along the course of the channel

• TRUNK: pain of the chest with urgent breathing and an "inverted cup sensation" below the lower right ribs

SJ • LIMB: Stra ined and cramping sensation along the course of the channel

• HEAD: curled tongue

• LIMB: Stra ined and cramping of the fourth toe leading to cramping of the lateral aspect of the knee, inability to extend and
bend the knee, spasm of the popliteal region, spasm of the upper thigh (front)
GB • TRUNK: spasm of t he sacrum (back), radiating to the lateral costal region and the area below the lateral costal region,
spasm of the SCF, t he sides of the neck and the neck
• HEAD: If one looks to the right, then the right eye will not open and vice versa

• LIMB: Strain of t he big t oe, pain anterior to t he medial malleolus, pain of the medial aspect of the knee, spasm and pain
of the medial aspect of t he thigh
LV
• TRUNK: Dysfunction of the genitals (with interna l injury there is inability to have an erection, with injury by cold there is
retraction of the genitals, with injury by heat there is persistent erection)

Differentiation I 6. Channels
110 DIAGNOSIS

7. SHANG HAN LUN DIFFERENTIATION

DIAGNOSIS CAM

DIAGNOSIS SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS TONGUE PULSE

Wind Fever, aversion to wind, stiff neck, Superficial,

Thin, white coating
Attack aches in the body, sweating Moderate
Fever, aversion to cold, stiff
TAl
neck, headache, aches in Fever, aversion to cold, stiff neck,
YANG Cold Superficial,
the body and floating pulse headache, severe pain in the body, Thin, white coating
Attack Tight
no sweating, shortness of breath

Channel High fever, profuse sweating, aversion to heat, thirst with a Red tongue + Surging,
Pattern desire to drink cold water, red face, restlessness yellow coating Rapid

YANG High fever which is worse in the afternoon, profuse sweating,

MING
Red tongue +
Organ constipation, thirst with a desire to drink cold water, fullness and Deep,
a dry, yellow or
Pattern pain in the abdomen which becomes worse on pressure, Excess
black coating
restlessness and irritability, in severe cases delirium

Alternation of chills and fever, fullness of the costal and White-slippery

SHAO YANG hypochondriac regions, lack of appetite, irritability, dry throat, tongue coating on String-taut
nausea, bitter taste, blurred vision the side only

Abdominal fullness, vomiting, no appetite, diarrhea, absence of Deep,

TAl YIN Pale tongue
thirst Slow

Cold Chills, aversion to cold, listlessness, lethargy, cold limbs, diarrhea, Deep,
Pale tongue
Pattern no thirst or desire to drink warm fluids, abundant-pale urine Thready
SHAO
YIN Heat Fever, irritability, insomnia, dry mouth and throat, scanty-dark Red tongue without Thready,
Pattern urine coating Rapid

Thirst, feeling of energy rising to the chest, pain and feeling of

Red thorns or Deep,
JUE YIN heat in the chest, feeling of hunger with no desire to eat, cold
Slippery white coat String-taut
limbs, diarrhea and vomiting

TREATMENT CAM

WEN
DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT PRINCIPLE ACUPUNCTURE HERBAL FORMULA
BING
Wind Relieve Exterior, Expel Wind, Harmonize
Gui Zhi Tang Wei
TAl Attack Ying and Wei
DU, 51, UB
YANG Cold
Relieve Exterior, Diaphoresis Ma Huang Tang Wei
Attack
Channel
Clear Heat, Promote Body Fluids Ll, ST, DU Bai Hu Tang Qi
YANG Pattern
MING Organ Clear Heat, Purge Excess, Relieve Front-Mu and Lower He-sea Cheng Qi Tang
Pattern Constipation of Ll and ST, SP (Da/Xiao/Tiao) Qi

SHAO YANG Harmonize the Shao Yang SJ, GB, PC, LV Xiao Chai Hu Tang

Back-Shu, Front-Mu and

Warm Middle Jiao,
TAl YIN He-sea points of SP and ST, Li Zhong Wan
Disperse Cold
Ren (Needle + Moxa)

Si Ni Tang
Cold Ren, KD, SP
Restore Yang Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
SHAO Pattern (Moxa + Needle)
Zhen Wu Tang
YIN
Heat Nourish Yin, Huang Lian E Jiao
HT, KD Ying
Pattern Clear Deficiency Heat Tang

Regulate Heat and Cold simultaneously, Wu Mei Wan

JUE YIN LV, Ren, GB, SP
Warm and Harmonize ST

Differentiation I 7. Shang Han Lun

 DIAGNOSIS 111

SHANG HAN LUN COMPREHENSIVE CHART FCM

DIAGNOSIS SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS ACUPUNCTURE FORMULA

Slight aversion to cold, aversion to wind, slight fever,
WIND UB12, LU7, Ll4, GB20,
slight sweating, headache, stiff neck, sneezing Gui Zhi Tang
n prevalence SJS, ST36
:::z::
)>
® Floating-Slow
z Aversion to cold, slight fever, absence of sweating,
z
m
r- COLD headache, stiff neck, sneezing, runny nose with white UB12, LU7, L14, SJS,
prevalence discharge, breathlessness Ma Huang Tang
GB20, Moxa
TAl ® Floating-Tight
YANG Aversion to cold, fever, retention of urine, slight
WATER RN9, RN3, ST28, LU7,
thirst, vomiting of fluids soon after drinking Wu Ling San
accumulation UB22, UB39, UB64
0
::0
® Floating-Rapid
Gl
)> Hypogastric distension, fullness and urgency, blood in
z BLOOD urine, mental restlessness RN3, KD14, ST28,
Tao He Cheng
accumulation UB39, UB22, SPlO,
G) Reddish-Purple tongue without coating Qi Tang
LV3, SP6
® Deep-Fine-Rapid or Deep-Choppy
High fever, profuse sweating, intense thirst, red
face, feeling of heat, irritability, delirium L111, DU14, PC3,
CHANNEL PATTERN Bai Hu Tang
G) Red tongue with yellow coating ST44, ST43
® Overflowing-Rapid or Big-Rapid pulse
YANG
MING High fever that is worse in the afternoon, profuse
sweating, sweating on limbs, abdominal fullness and Lll1, DU14, PC3, Cheng Qi Tang
ORGAN PATTERN pain, constipation, dry stools, thirst, dark urine ST44, ST43, ST25, (Da I Xiao I
G) Red tongue with thick dry yellow coating SPlS, ST37, SP6 Tiao Wei)
® Deep-Full-Slippery-Rapid pulse
Alternation of shivers (or cold feeling) and fever (or
a feeling of heat), bitter taste, dry throat, blurred
vision, hypochondria! fullness and distension, lack of Xiao Chai Hu
SHAO YANG SJS, SJ6, GB41, DUB
desire to eat or drink, irritability, nausea, vomiting Tang
G) unilateral thin white coating
® Wiry-Fine pulse
Abdomina l fullness, a feeling of cold, vomiting, lack
of appetite, diarrhoea, absence of thirst, tiredness RN12, UB20, ST36,
TAl YIN Li Zhong Tang
G) Pale tongue with sticky white coating ST25, SP6, Moxa
® Deep-Weak-Slow pulse
Chills, a feeling of cold, lying with body curled,
listlessness, desire to sleep, cold limbs, diarrhoea,
COLD UB23, RN4, RN6,
absence of thirst, frequent pale urination Si Ni Tang
TRANSFORMATION RN8, KD7, KD3, Moxa
G) Pale and wet tongue with white coating
SHAO ® Deep-Weak-Slow pulse
YIN
A feeling of heat, irritability, insomnia, dry mouth
HEAT and throat at night, dark urine, night sweating RN4, RN6, KD3, KD6, Huang Lian E
TRANSFORMATION G) Red tongue without coating SP6 Jiao Tang
® Fine-Rapid pulse
Persistent thirst, a feeling of energy rising to the
chest, pain and heat sensation in heart region,
JUE YIN hunger but no desire to eat, cold limbs, diarrhoea, LV3, Ll4, SP4, PC6 Wu Mei Wan
vomiti ng, vomiting of roundworms
® W iry pulse

8. WEN BING LUN DIFFERENTIATION

WEI
Defensive-Qi level

Fever, aversion to cold,

headache, slight sweating,
- Ql
Qi level
High fever, aversion to
heat, cough with
- YING
Nutritive-Qi level
Fever at night, dry mouth
with no desire to drink,
- XUE
Blood level

High fever, skin eruptions,

vomiting of blood,
expectoration of insomnia, mental
runny nose w ith yellow epistaxis, blood in stools,
thin-yellow sputum, restlessness, aphasia, spots
discharge, slight thirst, blood in urine, manic
asthma, thirst, G) Red on skin, in severe cases
sore throat, red and behaviour, in severe cases
tongue with thick-yellow coma, G) Deep-Red
swollen tonsils, G) Red convulsions, G) Deep-Red
coating, ® Rolling, rapid tongue, ® Thready, Rapid
sides or tip of the tongue, tongue without coating, ®
pulse pulse
® Superficial, rapid pulse String-taut, Rapid pulse

Differentiation I 7. Sha ng Han Lun

112 DIAGNOSIS

WEN BING LUN COMPREHENSIVE CHART CAM & FCM

.... SIGNS AND SVIIIIPTOMS ·.ACUPUNCTURE FORMULA

Fever, aversion to cold, headache, sore throat, slight

WIND-HEAT
sweating, runny nose with yellow discharge, swollen
tonsils, body aches, slight thirst
Ll4, Llll, SJS, DU14,
UB12, LUll
•• Sang
Yin Qiao San
Ju Yin
CD Red in the front or sides with a thin white coating
® Floating-Rapid pulse
Fever, aversion to cold, no sweating, headache, a feeling
of heaviness, an uncomfortable sensation in the
Ll4, Llll, SJS, DU14,
SUMMER-HEAT epigastrium, irritability, thirst
CD Red in the front or sides with a white sticky coating DU26, UB40, PC9 • Qing Luo Yin

® Soggy and Rapid pulse

I Fever that is worse in the afternoon, body that is hot to
touch, aversion to cold, swollen glands, headache, a
DAMP-HEAT
feeling of heaviness, a feeling of oppression of the
Cfligastrium, sticky taste, thirst with no desire to drink
Ll4, Llll, SP9, SP6,
RN12
• Huo Xiang Zheng Qi
San
T sticky white tongue coating
® Soggy pulse
Fever, slight aversion to cold, slight sweating, dry skin,
DRY-HEAT
nose, mouth and throat, dry cough, sore throat
CD Dry tongue with thin white coating
L14, Llll, SJS, SP6,
LU9, RN12, ST36
•• Sang
Xing Su San
Xing Tang
® Floating-Rapid pulse
High fever, a feeling of heat, no aversion to cold, thirst,
cough with thin yellow sputum, shortness of breath, • Xie
Ma Xing Shi Gan T.
LU HEAT
(Chest/Diaphragm)
sweating
LUS, LU10, DU14,
Llll, LUl, UB13
•• QingBaiQi San
Hua Tan T.
CD Red tongue with yellow coating
® Slippery-Rapid pulse • Wu Hu Tang
High fever that is worse in the afternoon, no aversion to
cold, feeling of heat, intense thirst, profuse sweating ST44, ST34, ST21,
ST HEAT
CD Red tongue with yellow coating ST43, Llll, ST25 • Bai Hu Tang
® Overflowing-Rapid pulse
High fever that is higher in the afternoon, constipation,
dry stools, burning in the anus, abdominal fullness and
INTESTINES DRY-HEAT pain, irritability, delirium
Llll, ST25, SP15, • Tiao Wei Cheng Qi
e CD Red tongue with thick yellow dry coating
® Deep-Full-Rapid pulse
ST37, ST39 Tang

Alternating hot and cold feeling with a prevalence of

heat, bitter taste, thirst, dry throat, hypochondria! pain,
GB HEAT nausea, a feeling of fullness in the epigastrium
CD Red tongue with unilateral sticky yellow coating
GB34, GB43, SJ6, SJS • Tang
Hac Qin Qing Dan

® Wiry-Rapid pulse
Continuous fever that decreases after sweating but soon
increases again, a feeling of heaviness of the body and
RN12, SP9, SP6, RN9,
head, a feeling of oppression of the chest and
ST/SP DAMP-HEAT
Cfligastrium, nausea, loose stools
ST36, Llll, RN12,
UB20, UB22
• Lian Po Yin
T Red tongue with sticky yellow tongue coating
® Soggy-Rapid pulse
Fever at night, dry mouth with no desire to drink, mental
restlessness, insomnia, delirium, incoherent speech or
HEAT IN NUTRITIVE PC9, PC8, HT9, KD6,
Ql LEVEL
~hasia, macules
Shixuan • Qing Ying Tang
:sz T Red tongue without coating
® Fine-Rapid pulse
Q Fever at night, mental confusion, incoherent speech or
~hasia, delirium, body hot, hands and feet cold, macules PC9, PC8, HT9, KD6,
HEAT IN PC
T Red tongue without coating Shixuan, PC3 • Qing Ying Tang
® Fine-Rapid pulse
High fever, mental restlessness, manic behaviour, dark
macules, vomiting of blood, epistaxis, blood in stools, UB17, SP10, LVS, SP4,
HEAT VICTORIOUS
MOVING BLOOD
blood in urine Llll, LV2, KD6, HT9, • Tang
Xi Jiao Di Huang
CD Dark-red tongue without coating Shixuan
® Wiry-Rapid pulse
High fever, fainting, twitching of limbs, convulsions,
SP10, Llll, LV2, KD6,
rigidity of neck, opisthotonus, eyeballs turning up,
HEAT VICTORIOUS
STIRRING WIND
clenching of teeth
HT9, LV3, DU16,
GB20, S13, UB62,
• Tang
Ling Jiao Gou Teng
CD Dark-red tongue without coating Shixuan
® Wiry-Rapid pulse
Ill Low-grade fever, tremor of limbs, twitching, loss of
I"' EMPTY-WIND LV3, DU16, GB20, Sl3,
0
0 AGITATING N THE
weight, malar flush, listlessness
CD Dark-red tongue without coating and Dry UB62, LV8, KD6, KD3, • Tang
Zhen Gan Xi Feng
ICJ INTERIOR SP6
® Fine-Rapid pulse
Low-grade fever, night sweating, mental restlessness, dry
mouth with desire to sip liquids, five-palm heat, malar
ST36, KD3, SP6, KD6,
YIN COLLAPSE flush, emaciation
CD Dark-red and Dry tongue without coating RN4 • Da Bu Yin Wan

® Fine-Rapid pulse
A feeling of cold, cold limbs, bright-white complexion,
profuse sweating on the forehead, listlessness ST36, RN6, RN4, RN8,
YANG COLLAPSE
CD Pale-Swollen and Short tongue Moxa • Shen Fu Tang
® Hidden, Slow, Scattered pulse

Differentiation I 8. Wen Bing Lun

 DIAGNOSIS 113

9. THREE BURNERS DIFFERENTIATION

CAM
- --

DAMP-HEAT IN UPPER JIAO DAMP-HEAT IN MIDDLE JIAO DAMP-HEAT IN LOWER JIAO

Severe aversion to cold, mild fever or
absence of fever, a heavy sensation in the
head as if it were tightly wrapped by a
cloth, heaviness of the limbs and trunk, a
stifling sensation in the chest, absence of
thirst, dull facial expression, epigastric
fullness and distension, poor appetit e,
borborygmus, loose stools
G:l white, sticky tongue coating
® soft, slowing-down pulse
Indistinct at the first touch of the skin, but Retention of urine, thirst with desire to
becomes pronounced after being felt for a drink only a little, constipation, hardness
rather long time; or fever which recurs and fullness in the lower abdomen
after reduced by sweating; or fever which G:l sticky yellow or white coating
is more pronounced in the afternoon, ® soft, rapid pulse
heaviness of the limbs and trunk, distension
and fullness in the chest and epigastrium,
nausea, vomiting, anorexia, thirst with desire
to drink only a little, sca nty and
deep-yellow urine, loose but hesitant stools;
and in severe cases, dull facial expression
w ith few words said or mental cloudiness
G:l sticky white coating + yellow tinge
® soft, rapid pulse

FCM
- -
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS ACUPUNCTURE FORMULA

Fever, aversion to cold, headache, sore throat, slight

sweating, runny nose with yellow discharge, swollen
WIND-HEAT IN lU
(WEI LEVEL)
tonsils, body aches, slight thirst
Ll4, Llll, SJS, DU14,
UB12, LUll
•• Yin Qiao San
Sang Ju Yin
G:l Red in the front or sides with a thin white coating
c ® Floating-Rapid pulse
"0
,..,
"0
Fever, sweating, cough, breathlessness, thirst, feeling of
;ltl
lU HEAT (f)pression and pain of the chest LUS, LUlO, LU l, Llll, • Ma Xing Shi Gan T.
11:1
c
;ltl
(QI LEVEL) T Red tongue w ith yellow coating UB13 •• Xie Bai San
Qing Qi Hua Tan T.
,..,
2 ® Rapid-Overflowing pulse
;ltl
High fever at night, a burning sensation of the
HEAT IN PC Cbigastrium, cold limbs, delirium, aphasia PC9, PC3, Llll, PCB,
(YING LEVEL) T Deep-red and Stiff tongue without coating HT9, KD6, Shixuan • Qing Ying Tang
® Fine and Rapid
High fever that is worse in the afternoon, no aversion
3: HEAT IN YANG to cold, feeling of heat, intense thirst , profuse sweating ST44, ST34, ST21, ST43,
5
....
0 MING G:l Red tongue with yellow coating Llll, ST25 • Bai Hu Tang
,.., ® Overflowing-Rapid pulse
11:1
c
;ltl
Fever, epigastric fullness, a feeling of heaviness of the
body and head, nausea, vomiting RN12, SP9, SP6, RN9,
,..,
2 DAMP-HEAT IN SP
G:l Red tongue with sticky yellow coating ST36, Llll, UB20, UB22 • Lian Po Yin
;ltl
® Soggy and Rapid pulse
Fever in the afternoon and evening, five-pa lm heat, dry
HEAT IN KD
mouth and throat, night sw eating, deafness, lassitude
G:l Deep-red tongue without coating
KD3, KD6, SP6, KD2, •• Huang Lian E Jiao T.
....
0 ® Floating-Empty and Rapid pulse
Llll Xi Jiao Di Huang T.

~
,.., High fever at night, coma, convulsions, clenched teeth LV3, LV2, GB20, DU16,
;ltl

11:1
LV-HEAT STIRS
WIND
G:lDeep-red tongue without coating S13, UB62, SPlO, Llll, • Tang
Ling Jiao Gou Teng
c
;ltl
® Wiry-Fine-Rapid pulse KD6, HT9, Sh ixuan
,..,
2
Low-grade fever, cold limbs, dry and black t eeth, dry
;ltl
and cracked lips, convu lsions, tremor of limbs
LV3, LV2, GB20, DU16, • Zhen Gan Xi Feng T.
LV EMPTY-WIND
G:l Deep-red tongue without coating S13, UB62, KD3, KD6, • San Jia Fu M ai T.
® Deep-Fine-Rapid pulse SP6, LV8 • Da Ding Feng Zhu

SHANG HAN • WEN BING • SAN JIAO

SHANG HAN LUN WEN BING LUN SAN JIAO

Author Zhang, Zhong Jing Ye, Tian Shi Wu, Ju Tong
• The pathology and treatment of
disease from ext erior pathogens
• The pathologica l changes resulting from
invasion of W-H in a Warm disease
• The Three Burners to describe the
pathological changes resulting from
Theory • Exterior pathogenic factors w ere
considered to be ca used by Cold
• Exterior diseases caused by invasion of
W-H and understood the infectious
invasion of W -H in a Warm disease

nature of such diseases

Differentiation I 9. Three Burners

114 DIAGNOSIS

TCM DISEASES AND PAnERNS WEB

1 ABDOM INAL PAIN 12 HEADACHE

2 CHEST AND FLAN K PAIN 13 HEM ORRHAGING - BLOOD IN STOOL
3 CONSTIPATION 14 HEMORRHAGING - BLOOD IN URIN E
4 COUGHING 15 HEMORRHAGING - COUGHI NG BLOOD
5 DIARRHEA 16 HEMORRHAGING - NOSEBLEED
6 DRIBBLING URINE 17 INSOM NIA
7 EDEMA 18 LOW BACK PAIN
8 FEVER 19 SPASMS, TREMORS, AND CONV ULSIONS
9 GYNECOLOGY - ABNOR MAL UTERIN E BLEEDING 20 THIRST
10 GYNECOLOGY - AM ENORRHEA 21 VERTIGO
11 GYNECOLOGY - DYSMENORRH EA 22 VOM ITI NG

1 ABDOMINAL PAIN
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
COLD Sudden, urgent, severe pain, warmth relieves and cold aggravates
Pale white material Deep, tense
OBSTRUCTING pain, no th irst, clear urine

COLD IN LV CH. Urgent cold pa in in groin, pain connects to testicles Wh ite material Deep, string-taut

Painf ul and dist ended abdomen, warm body and abdomen, vomiting,
HEAT Yellow moss Rapid, excess
const ipat ion, yellow, scanty urine, irritability
Usually upper right quadrant of body is sore, pa in, nausea, vomiting,
LV/GB D-H Greasy yellow moss St ring-taut, rapid
food is repu lsive, somet imes jau ndice
Pa in in abdomen accompanied by diarrhea with pus or blood, patient
ST/LI DAMP-HEAT fee ls heavy and worse after defecation, burning anus, fever, scanty, Greasy yellow moss Rolling, rapid
dark urine
Abdomen (especia lly lower right quadrant) is sore and painful,
INTESTINAL
abdomen resists touch, right foot wants to curl up, sometimes Greasy yellow moss Rapid
ABSCESS
accompanied by fever, vom iting
Urgent pain in lower abdomen t hat sometimes con nects with lower
UB DAMP-HEAT back, bu rning urination t hat is pa inful and rough, may contain blood Yellow moss Rapid
or granules
Distended epigastrium and abdomen, distended f lanks, patient resists
LV Ql STAG. touch, passing gas relieves pain, condition is emotionally related at Thin moss Stri ng-taut
times
Sharp, stabbing abdomina l pain that connects to sides, pain is located
BLOOD STASIS Darkish material Hesitant
in fixed position, or pa lpable mass
Slight, dull abdomina l pa in, patient desires heat and touching, loose
DEFICIENT COLD Pa le material Weak
st ools, lethargy
Distended abdomen, soreness, pain that resists touch, patient is
FOOD RETENTION repelled by food, belch ing of sour, rotten material, eating aggravates Rolling or deep,
Greasy moss
pain, diarrhea relieves pain excess

Intermittent abdomina l pain, sometimes very severe, often clusters

around navel or to one side, sometimes vomiting of worms,
PARASITES
emaciation, peculiar eating prejudices, inner lips or cheeks have tiny
white dots

2. CHEST AND FLANK PAIN

PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Chest and flanks are painfu l and sore, cough, asthma, yellow or
WIND-HEAT Yellow moss, red tip Superficial, rapid
rust-colored phlegm, fever, chills
Red material; dry
LU DRYNESS Hot body, painful chest, cough, little phlegm, thirst Rapid
moss
Flanks are painfu l and distended, frothy cough w ith phlegm and
PHLEGM Greasy white moss String-taut, rol ling
sa liva, cough aggravates pain, sometimes fever, no thirst
HT YANG DEF. Sporadic chest pain, sometimes stabbing pain, fixed pain, pressure in Darkish material or
Hesitant, weak
~ BLOOD STASIS chest red spots
HT YANG DEF. + Chest is distended, sore, and pa inful, pain connects to shoulder, Darkish material or
Rolling
DAMP-PHLEGM cough w ith phlegm, shortness of breath or asthma red spots
Painfu l f lanks, distended epigastrium, feeling of distress in chest,
LV/GB D-H Pale material String-taut, rapid
nausea, ye llow urine, fever, jaundice
Distended/painful flanks, impatience or quickness to anger, emotional Thin white or yel low
LV Ql STAG. String-taut
stress increases pain, uncomfortable chest, little desire to drink moss
Purple, darkish
LV BLOOD STASIS Stabbing flank pain in fixed position, palpable mass under ribs String-taut, hesitant
material
Flank has slight dull achiness or soreness, dry mouth, irritability, Red material; little
String-taut, thready
LV/KD YIN DEF. moss
vertigo, lower back pain

TCM Disease a nd Patterns

 DIAGNOSIS 115

3 CONSTIPATION
PATIERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
DRY HEAT Constipation, dry stool, bad breath, distended abdomen, scanty, dark Red material; thin
urine Rolling, excess
yellow moss
Constipation, distended chest and flanks, no appetite, belching,
Ql STAGNATION Thin, greasy moss String-taut, deep
unproductive desire to defecate
Constipation, vertigo, palpitations, face, lips, and nails are lusterless
BLOOD DEF. Pale material Thready
white
COLD Const ipation, slight abdominal discomfort, pressure and warmth relieve
OBSTRUCTING pain, clear, copious urine, cold limbs Pale material Deep, slow
Constipation, fatigue, spontaneous sweating, patient becomes more Pale, swollen
Ql DEFICIENCY Deficient
t ired after defecation, stool is not dry material

4 . COUGHING
PATIERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Dry cough, dry mouth and throat, red cheeks, other Deficient Yin Red material; little
LU YIN DEF. Thready, rapid
signs moss
LU Ql Weak cough usually associated with asthma, frequent colds,
DEFICIENCY Pale, moist material Deficient or weak
spontaneous sweati ng, ot her Deficient Qi signs
Cough with copious w hite expectoration, distended chest and
LU
epigastrium, no appetite, fatigue, symptoms often occur with Deficient Greasy white moss Soft or rolling
DAMP-PHLEGM
or Damp SP signs
Cough with copious, thick, yellow expectoration, sometimes ph legm
LU PHLEGM-HEAT Greasy yellow moss Rolling, rapid
has foul smell, other signs of heat
Sputtering, sporadic cough, cough causes flanks to be painful, dry Thin, dry yellow
LV FIRE 7 LU String-taut, rapid
throat, red face, other LV disharmony signs moss
KD YANG DEF. Usually there has been a long history of illness, exhalation is easier
Pale, swollen, moist
NOT GRASPING t han inhalation, asthma, exertion exacerbates symptoms, sore lower Weak
material
lU Ql back, fear of cold, dark face

5 . DIARRHEA
PATIERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Acute onset, stools are yellow and seem to be dissolved in fluid, fou l
Yellow, or yellow
DAMP-HEAT smell, anus is hot, scanty, dark urine, abdominal pain, bitter taste in Soft, rapid
and greasy moss
mouth, dry mouth, fever, vomiting
Usually acute onset, watery stool, elimination is uncomfortable,
abdomina l pa in, intestinal rumbling, heat relieves pain, chest and
COLD-DAMP Greasy wh ite moss Soft
epigastrium feel oppressed, symptoms are sometimes accompanied by
External Wind-Cold pathogen
Sticky stool is sour and foul, epigastrium and abdomen are distended
FOOD RETENTION Greasy moss Rolling
and resist pressu re, greater comfort after elimination, sour belching
Watery st ool, usually chronic, undigested food in stool, distention, no
SP Ql DEF. Pale white moss Weak, thready
appetite, desire for heat and touch, fear of cold, lethargy
Early-morning need to defecate, sparse, watery stool, all four limbs
KD YANG DEF. are cold, desire for heat, symptoms found especially in the elderly, Pale material Deep, thready
other KD signs
Emotionally related, sudden need to defecate, accompanied by pa in,
LV Ql STAG. patient is more comfortable after defecation, distended chest and Thin moss String-taut
sides, quickness to anger, irritability, belching

6 DRIBBLING URINE
PATIERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
LU HEAT
OBSTRUCT Dribbling urination, acute onset, dry throat, irritability, thirst, cough Thin yellow moss Rapid
WATER'S .(].
Dribbling, cloudy urination, epigastrium feel s full, distended abdomen,
MJ DAMP-HEAT Greasy moss Soft, rolling
thirst but no desire to drink
SP Ql DEF. Clear, dribbling urination, lethargy, chronic Deficient SP signs Pale material Soft, weak
Dribbling urination, no strength in elimination, bright white face, tired Weak, especially in
MINGMEN DEF. Pale material
spirit, lower back is cold, knees are without strength 3rd position
UB HEAT Dribbling, often painful urination, painful hypogastrium Red material Rapid, rolling
UB OBSTRUCTED Dribbling urination or thread-like urine, pain in hypogastrium Dark purple material Hesitant

7 EDEMA
PATIERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
EXTERNAL Fever, fear of drafts, headache, coughing, sore throat, swollen, puffy
Thin white moss Tense, superficial
PATHOGEN face, eventua lly entire body swells, sca nty urination
Sallow face, dist ended epigastrium, no appetite, w atery stool, scanty Deep, moderate, or
SP LOSING T&T Pale, moist material
urine, all four limbs are cold deficient
Whole body is edemic, especia lly below w aist, lower back is sore and
Swollen, pale
KD YANG DEF. heavy, scanty urine, all four limbs are cold, fear of cold, no spirit, Weak
material; white moss
dark or bright white face

TCM Dise a se and Patterns

116 DIAGNOSIS

.
8 FEVER
...
..•..... ,~;~-- .. ,,,' ..,.. .• S!Gtf$ .. , •' TONGUE PULSE
Fever, aversion to cold, headache or bodyache, sometimes coughing, Superficial, tense or
WIND-COLD Thin white moss
sometimes runny or stuffed nose, no thirst superficial, moderate
Fever, slight aversion to cold, headache, thirst, sore throat, sometimes Red tip; slightly
WIND-HEAT Superficial, rapid
cough with yellow phlegm yellow moss
WIND-COLD+ Very slight fever, acute onset, desire for more clothing, desire for Pale, moist material Deficient
YANG DEF. sleep, great aversion to cold
Fever and chills are distinct (i.e., not simultaneous), no appetite, Thin and white, or
SHAOYANG LEVEL String-taut
nausea yellow/white moss
Only fever, no aversion to cold, thirst, irritability, red face, Red material; dry Surging, forceful, or
YANGMING LEVEL yellow moss rolling, rapid
perspiration
Chronic low afternoon fever, warm palms and soles, insomnia, night Reddish material;
YIN DEFICIENCY Thready, rapid
sweats, red cheeks thin moss
Chronic low fever (especially in morning), spontaneous sweating, fear Pale material; thin
Ql DEFICIENCY Weak
of draft, fatigue, white, shiny face white moss
Chronic low fever, no thirst, or thirst but no desire to drink, Dark purple material;
BLOOD STASIS Hesitant
stabbing, fixed pain, hemorrhage or red pimples

9. GYNECOLOGY - ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING

··•;., ,. .!•' .,.· · · TON4U£ .
$~ttS . )'•'
> L . )L • ••• ·• ··. .,
· PULSE
.',········ Red material; yellow
Heavy bleeding,
·'''·····bright i red) blood, breasts and flanks are distended,
BLOOD HEAT Rapid, big
red face, dry mouth, irritability moss
SP UNABLE TO Heavy bleeding, pale, thin blood, puffy face, pale, bright face, no Pale material; thin
Deficient
CONTROL BLOOD spirit, no appetite, watery stool white moss
Constant slight bleeding or sudden heavy bleeding, distended flanks,
Deep, string-taut, or
QI/BLOOD STAG. distended lower abdomen, purple or dark blood clots, passing of clots Darkish material
hesitant
reduces discomfort, dark face
Menses arrive early, small amount of blood, pale or purple blood, Red, scarlet, and Rapid, thready,
LV/KD YIN DEF.
vertigo, tinnitus, spots before eyes, sore back, insomnia, dry mouth shrivelled material perhaps string-taut

10. GYNECOLOGY- AMENORRHEA

;'
,.,, ,' . • ... ,..
Menstrual blood over a period of time gradually diminishes until
'"'~"' .... ... '' ,•.•• < •. . • . •....• > ·.··•
., TONGUE ··. . ,. ..•'. PUI.SE

Pale material; thin Deep, thready, or

BLOOD/QI DEF. there is none, watery leukorrhea, acrid odor, sallow face, fatigue, no
white moss deficient
spirit, limbs are without strength, vertigo, palpitations
Amenorrhea seems related to emotional stress, menses suddenly Darkish or purple String-taut or
QI/BLOOD STAG.
cease, distended breasts and flanks, sallow face, headache material hesitant
Gradual ceasing of menses, weight loss, patient feels hot, afternoon
Red or scarlet Thready, slightly
LV/KD YIN DEF. fever, dry skin, dark face, lower back and legs are weak, vertigo,
tinnitus, dry mouth, constipation material; little moss rapid
Slight discomfort in lower abdomen, abdomen feels full but soft,
DAMP-PHLEGM much leukorrhea, vertigo, nausea, no taste in mouth, no appetite, Greasy white moss Rolling
distended breasts, condition is usually found in overweight women

11. GYNECOLOGY- DYSMENORRHEA

.,, .,~ 'll"MI1' > .•..·..·,.·, .. ,.. • S!GI\I,S
,
........ .·· .... ··.·· .··.. ··.·.··
TONGUE PUI.S£
Before or during menses, lower abdomen is distended or painful and
Purple, dark, or String-taut or
QI/BLOOD STAG. resists touch, menses flow unevenly, blood is darkish and has clots,
normal material hesitant
passing of clots reduces discomfort, distended breasts
Before or during menses, lower abdomen is painful and cold, heat
COLD-DAMP Pale material; moist
relieves pain, menses are not smooth, blood is dark-colored, thin, Deep, tense, or slow
and watery with clots moss

Persistent dull soreness in abdomen during or after menses, pressure

Pale material; white
BLOOD/QI DEF. relieves pain, pale face, fatigue, no desire to speak, small amount of Deficient or thready
moss
pale blood

.
12 HEADACHE
..
.\ <· •.>.
Sudden headache that feels tight and connects to neck and back,
SIGNS
·' TONGUE PULSE

WIND-COLD Thin white moss Su perficia I, tense

fear of cold accompanied by slight fever, no thirst
Sudden headache, sometimes even splitting pain, slight aversion to
WIND-HEAT Thin yellow moss Superficial, rapid
cold, high fever, red face, thirst, sore throat
Sudden headache that feels heavy and full, fever that comes and
WIND-DAMP Greasy white moss Superficial, rolling
goes, stiff joints, pressure in chest, no thirst, sticky taste in mouth
One-sided headache, flanks are distended, melancholy or constricted Normal tongue
LV Ql STAG. String-taut
emotions, nausea material; white moss
One-sided splitting headache, irritability, anger easily, bitter taste in Red material; yellow
LV FIRE f' mouth, scanty, dark urine, constipation, red eyes moss
String-taut, rapid

One-sided headache that connects to top of head, vertigo, ringing in Red material; thin, String-taut, or
LV YANG RISING
ears dry moss string-taut, thready
Slight headache, shiny white face, fatigue, spontaneous sweating, little Pale material; white
SP Ql DEF. Deficient
appetite moss

TCM Disease and Patterns

 DIAGNOSIS 117

Slight on-and-off-again headache, lusterless face, palpitations, unclear Pa le material; white

BLOOD DEF. Thready
vision, insomnia moss
Headache accompanied by heaviness, possible vertigo, dist ended chest Greasy, pasty white
TURBID PHLEGM Rolling
area, vomit ing of sa liva moss
Headache accompanied by empty feeling in head, vertigo, tinnitus, Red mat erial; peeled, Thready, perhaps
KD YIN DEF.
soreness in lower back and knees, leukorrhea dry moss ra pid
Same as signs above for KD Yin Deficiency, shiny whit e face, cold Pa le, swollen, moist
KD YANG DEF. Weak
limbs, puffy skin or edema material; little moss
Consta nt or chronic headache with sharp, stabbing pain in f ixed Purple, dark material,
BLOOD STASIS Hesit ant
location or red spots

13. HEMORRHAGING · BLOOD IN STOOL

PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
ll HEAT Fresh red blood in st ool, blood is passed before stool + heat signs Yellow moss Rapid
Darkish blood in stool, blood is passed after stool, cold limbs, sallow Pa le material; white
DEFICIENT COLD Deep, thready
face, tired spirit moss

14. HEMORRHAGING· BLOOD IN URINE

PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Red mat erial; greasy String-taut, rapid, or
UB DAMP-HEAT Bloody urine, f requent and painful urination, thirst, low back pain
yellow moss rolling, rapid
Bloody urine, urine feels hot when passed, dark urine, painful
Sl FIRE Ye llow moss Rapid
urination, irritability, dry mouth, tongue ulceration
Frequent urination w ith pale red blood, poor appetite, no spirit,
SP/KD DEF. Pa le material Deficient or weak
fatigue, sallow yel low face, soreness in lower back, vertigo, tinnitus

15. HEMORRHAGING · COUGHING BLOOD

PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Fever, dry mouth, dry nose, sore throat, coughing of ph legm wit h Red mat erial; yellow
lU W-H + DRY Superficial, rapid
blood, chest pain moss
Dry cough, bloody phlegm, afternoon low fever, no bodily strength, Red material; little
YIN DEF. + HEAT moss
Thready, rapid
cough is worse at night
Chest and flank pain, coughing of phlegm with blood, or coughing of Red material; thin
LV FIRE 7 LU String-taut, rapid
pure blood, irritability, anger, constipation, dark urine yellow moss
Cough, cough ing of phlegm with blood or bloody foam, piercing chest Da rkish material or Interm ittent or slow,
BLOOD STASIS
pain, heart palpitations red spots on tongue string-t aut , hesitant

16 HEMORRHAGING- NOSEBLEED
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Red material; yellow
LU HEAT Nosebleed, fever, cough, little ph legm, dry mouth Superficial, rapid
moss

ST FIRE
• Nosebleed, dry mouth, bad breath, irritability, constipation
Red material; yellow
moss
Rolling, rapid, or
surging

LV FIRE

YIN DEF.
• Nosebleed, vert igo, headache, red eyes, bitter taste in mouth,
irritability, quickness to anger

+ HEAT Nosebleed, vertigo, red eyes, dry throat, tinnitus, irritability, insomnia
Red mat erial; yellow
moss
Red material; thin
yellow moss
Stri ng-t aut, rapid

Thready, rapid, with

litt le strength

17 INSOMNIA
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Insomnia, pa lpitations, forgetfu lness, lethargy, food seems tasteless, Thready or deficient
BLOOD/QI DEF. Pa le material
little appetite, pa le face
HT AND KD NOT Insomnia and irritability, palpitations, forgetfulness, night sweats, Rapid, thready
Red material
COMMUNICATING tinnitus, vertigo, lumbago
HT/GB Ql DEF. Insomnia, awakens easily in fright, much dreaming, timidity Pa le material String-taut, thready
Insomnia, distended epigastrium, belching, abdominal discomfort,
ST DISHARMONY Greasy moss Rolling
defecation is not smooth, excessive eating
Insomnia, headache, vertigo, sore flanks, quickness t o anger, bitter
LV/GB FIRE Red material String-taut, strong
taste in mouth

18 LOW BACK PAIN

PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
lower back feels cold, bending is difficult, patient desires heating
COLD-DAMP Greasy w hite moss Deep, rolling
pad, pain becomes severe when weather is cold or damp
DAMP-HEAT lower back is so re and feels heavy, sca nty, dark urine Greasy yellow moss Rolling, string-taut
® Stabbing back pain, frequent, burning, and painfu l urination, bitter
Yel low moss Rapid, string-taut
tast e in mouth
UB DAMP-HEAT @ _Intermittent, severe back pain, pain connects with groin, frequent,
painfu l urination, often with blood, or urine has stones, difficulty Yel low moss Rapid, string-taut
passing urine
LABORING lower back is sore after exertion, all four limbs are tired, rest
Thin w hite moss Moderate
LUMBAGO relieves pain, no other unusual signs

TCM Disease and Patterns

118 DIAGNOSIS

Stabbing back pain at fixed point, pressure visibly increases

BLOOD STASIS Darkish material Hesitant
discomfort, movement is difficult, pain is worse at night
Dull, aching, weak back, weakness of back and knees, patient cannot
KD YANG DEF. Pale material Weak
tolerate physical labor, bright white face, cold limbs, night urination
Back is sore, weak, and painful, legs are without strength, vertigo,
KD YIN DEF. Red material Thready, rapid
tinnitus, insomnia

.
19 SPASMS TREMORS AND CONVULSIONS
' '
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
EXTERNAL WIND Headache, neck and back tremors, sometimes tetany, fear of cold,
Variable Superficial, tight
PATHOGEN fever, sore limbs and body, clear spirit
EXTREME HEAT High fever, unclear spirit, sometimes coma, tremors and spasms in
Red material String-taut, rapid
~LV WIND four limbs, mouth tightly clenched
BLOOD DEF. ~
Vertigo, fatigue, spasm, tremors, palpitations Pale material Thready
LV WIND
YIN DEF. Long-term disorder injures Yin, tremor in limbs, warm palms and Red material; little
Thready, rapid
~ LV WIND soles, tired spirit moss
Darkish material, or
BLOOD STASIS
Thin body, spasms, headache, pain in fixed location material shows red Hesitant, thready
~LV WIND
and purple spots

20 THIRST
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Dry mouth and throat, desire to drink, hot body, perspiration, slight Excess, rapid or
LU/ST DRY-HEAT Red material
or no fear of cold, aversion to heat, full abdomen, constipation superficial
Thirst but little desire to drink, warm palm and soles, insomnia, Reddish material; no
YIN DEFICIENCY Thready, rapid
afternoon fever, night sweats moss
SP Ql DEF. + Thirst but no desire to drink, or a desire for hot fluids, tired limbs, Pale material; greasy
Deficient, soft
DAMP heavy head and body, loose stools white moss
KD YANG DEF. + Thirst but no desire to drink, or vomiting after drinking, aversion to Swollen, pale
Deficient
WATER cold, fatigue, cold limbs material; little moss
Thirst but no desire to drink, or vomiting after drinking, excess saliva,
DAMP-PHLEGM Greasy white moss Rolling
distended abdomen, difficult, scanty, or incomplete urination
Thirst, irritability, desire to gargle water but no desire to swallow, Darkish, purple
BLOOD STASIS Hesitant
other signs of Blood Stasis material

21 VERTIGO
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Vertigo, tinnitus, anger easily, condition is often related to emotions,
Red material; little
LV WIND headache, sometimes vomiting, bitter taste in mouth, dry throat, String-taut
numb limbs moss

TURBID PHLEGM
Vertigo, tinnitus, head feels heavy as if inside a sack, head seems to
be spinning, fatigue, no appetite, vomiting Greasy moss Rolling

Vertigo, tinnitus (exacerbated by exertion). lethargy, pale face, Pale material; white
QI/BLOOD DEF. Thready, weak
shortness of breath, insomnia moss
Vertigo, tinnitus, poor memory, lower back is sore and weak, palms Thready, perhaps
KD YIN DEF. Reddish material
and soles are warm rapid
Vertigo, tinnitus, spirit is very slow, lower back is sore and weak,
KD YANG DEF. Pale, moist material Weak
cold limbs, impotence, sterility

22. VOMITING
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Acute onset of vomiting, nausea accompanied by fever and fear of
WIND-COLD~ ST White moss Tense
cold, head and body ache, distended chest and abdomen, diarrhea
SUMMER-HEAT
Acute onset of vomiting, nausea accompanied by fever, thirst, Red material; yellow Rapid, string-taut or
OR WIND-HEAT
irritability, diarrhea moss rapid, soft
~ ST

ST PHLEGM Vomiting, chest is uncomfortable, no desire to drink, vertigo Greasy white moss Rolling
Vomiting, food matter appears in vomitus, sour taste in mouth,
LV~ ST Thin white moss String-taut
distended chest and flanks, condition is often emotionally related
HEAT~ LV Projectile vomiting, high fever, headache, stiff neck, convulsions in Red or scarlet
String-taut, rapid
WIND~ ST limbs, tetany material
Occasional vomiting, dry mouth, hunger but no desire to eat, other Red material; little
ST YIN DEF. Thready, rapid
Deficient Yin signs moss
Vomiting, especially after even slight overeating, unpredictable Pale material; little
SP/ST Ql DEF. Deficient
vomiting that is chronic, fatigue, watery stools, pale, white face moss
Vomiting of sour, rotten food, relief after vomiting, abdomen is full,
FOOD RETENTION Greasy moss Rolling, excess
sore, and distended after eating, constipation or diarrhea
Vomiting of worms, vomiting of clear fluid, saliva, or yellow-green
ST WORMS
water after eating, sore abdomen, discomfort is occasional

TCM Disease and Patterns

 CHAPTER3

Acupuncture
~r;P,~
!U/13t?N

;
•
,- --- -.... ..
I
I
•
 ACUPUNCTURE 121

THE MERIDIANS AND COLLATERALS

DEPTH OF MERIDIANS

MOST SUPERFICIAL
CAM CHANNELS MNL
12 Cutaneous regions 12 Skin areas Pi Fu 12 Cutaneous regions Blnf(lll'i')
12 Muscle meridians 12 Sinew channels Jing Jin 12 Sinew channels *'f1ili(i'J2)
15 Collaterals 15 Connecting channels Luo Mai 15 Luo-connecting channels ~I!Ji(iOI '!'j)

c 12 Regular meridians 12 Main channels Jing Mai 12 Primary channels ~I!Ji(i'J '!'j )

12 Divergent meridians 12 Divergent channels Jing Bie 12 Divergent channels *lll7.ll]( i'J~)
8 Extra meridians 8 Extra vessels Qi Jing 8 Extraordinary vessels i!'it~ (J i i'l)

DEEPEST

CLASSIFICATION OF MERIDIANS AND COLLATERALS

12 CUTANEOUS REGIONS Regionalized on the body surface according to the distribution of channels

15 COLLATERALS
I MINUTE LUO Split from collaterals and distributed all over the body
LUO I Connect with their paired channel and continue to follow their own pathways
12 MUSCLE MERIDIANS Same as the 12 Regular Meridians, fit to the hand and foot, 3 Yin and 3 Yang
LU Taiyin LU7
3 YIN PC Jueyin PC6
HT Shaoyin HTS
HAND ll Yangming ll6
3 YANG 5J Shaoyang SJS 15
Sl Taiyang Sl7
c
0
12 REGULAR MERIDIANS
r SP Major collateral SP21 L
L
SP Taiyin SP4
3 YIN A
LV Jueyin LVS T
KD Shaoyin KD4 E
FOOT R
5T Yangming ST40
A
3 YANG GB Shaoyang GB37 L
UB Taiyang UB58 s
12 DIVERGENT MERIDIANS
DU DU collaterals DU1
REN REN collaterals RNlS
CHONG
DAI
8 EXTRA MERIDIANS
YANG QIAO
Meet with the above 14 Meridians
YIN QIAO
YANG WEI
YIN WEI

FUNCTIONS OF THE MERIDIANS AND COLLATERALS

CAM MANUAL

Transporting Qi and Blood throughout the body and rendering

1 Transporting Qi and Blood and regulating Yin and Yang
the body an integrated whole
2 Resisting pathogens Protecting the body
Reflecting symptoms and signs (Ch.71 in ling Shu) Responding t o dysfunction the body

•• ••
Both elbow: LU and HT Disease of the Channels themselves
3 Both axillae: LV Disease of the Za ng Fu reflecting onto the channels
•• Both groin: SP
Both popliteal fossa: KD •• Disease transmitting via the Channels
Visibly showi ng disease
Transmitting needling sensation and regulating defici ency and
4 The channels serve to transmit Qi to the diseased area
excess conditions

Channels I Classification
122 ACUPUNCTURE

12 CUTANEOUS REGIONS I

Greater Yang
Yang Brightness
Lesser Yang
Greater Yin
Lesser Yin
Absolute Yin

Cutaneous Regions Cutaneous Regions

(Front View) (Back View)

TRANSMITTING ORDER OF A DISEASE

I Skin c
Minute Luo
Col laterals
I c I
Meridians
I c Zang Fu

Fu ~ Zang

SIGNS OF INTERNAL DISEASES ON CHANNELS

CAM COLOR MANUAL

Local pain Blue-Green Pain

Heat syndrome Yellow to Red Heat

Cold syndrome White Deficiency and Cold

Blockage of Qi and Blood · Dark-Colored

Channels I Cutaneous Regions

 ACUPUNCTURE 123

12 MUSCLE MERIDIANS

3 LEG YANG 3 LEG YIN 3 ARM YANG 3 ARM YIN

UB Muscle Meridian SP Muscle Meridian Sl Muscle Meridian LU Muscle Meridian

GB Muscle Meridian LV Muscle Meridian SJ Muscle Meridian PC Muscle Meridian

ST Muscle Meridian KD Muscle Meridian Ll Muscle Meridian HT Muscle Meridian

MUSCLE MERIDIAN MEETING AREAS

3 YIN ARISES FROM CONNECT 3 YANG ARISES FROM CONNECT
LU 1st finger Ll 2nd finger
3 HAND Thoracic cavity 3 HAND Forehead
HT 5th finger 51 5th finger
YIN (GB22) YANG (GB13)
PC 3rd finger SJ 4th finger
SP 1st toe ST 2nd, 3rd, 4th toes
3 FOOT Genital regions 3 FOOT Eyes
KD Sth toe UB 5th toe
YIN (RN3) YANG (ST3/SI18)
LV 1st toe GB 4th toe

Channels I Muscle Meridians

124 ACUPUNCTURE

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MUSCLE MERIDIANS

1 Circulate only on the periphery of the body
2 Do not penetrate to the Zang Fu

3 Are more superficial and follow the lines of major muscles and muscle groups, tendons, ligament etc.
4 All originate at the extremities and ascend to the head and trunk

PATHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS OF SINEW CHANNEL (pg.109)

PATHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS

LU • LIMB: Cramping and pain along the course of the channel

• SEVERE: Accumulation of lumps below the right lateral costal region, tension along the lateral costal region and spitting of blood

Ll • LIMB: Cramping and pain along the course of the channel

• TRUNK: Inability to raise the shoulder, inability to turn the neck to the left or to the right

• LIMB: Strained middle toe, cramping of the lower leg, spasmodic twitching and hardness of the muscles of the foot, spasm
of the thigh

ST • TRUNK & FACE: swelling of the anterior inguinal region, Shan (hernia) disorder, abdominal sinew spasm that extends to the
ST12 (SCF), region and cheek, sudden deviation of the mouth

• EYE C Cold: inability to close the eye I Heat: laxity of the sinews and the eye cannot be opened
• DEVIATION C Cold: tense and pull the cheek 7 deviated mouth I Heat: sinew 7 deviated mouth

• LIMB: Strained big toe, pain of the medial malleolus, pain and cramping (along the course of the channel), pain of the
medial aspect of the knee, pain of the medial thigh that reaches the inguinal region
SP
• TRUNK: Twisting pain of the genitals that may reach the navel and the lateral costal region or lead to pain of the chest
and interior spine

HT • LIMB: Pain, cramping and strain along the course of the channel
• TRUNK: Internal tension, accumulation below the HT

• LIMB: Straind little finger, pain along the medial aspect of the elbow and upper arm, pain below the axilla and on the
posterior aspect of the axilla
Sl • NECK & HEAD: Pain of the scapula that reaches the neck, tinnitus, pain of the ear that may reach the submandibular
region, a need to close the eyes for a long period of time before being able to see clearly, tension of the neck sinews that
leads to sinew atrophy and swelling of the neck

• LIMB: Strain of the little toe, pain and swelling of the heel, spasm of the popliteal region
UB • TRUNK: Opisthotonus, spasms and tension of the nape of the neck, inability to raise the shoulder, strain of the axilla, pain
and strain of the SCF (Supraclavicular fossa)

• LIMB: Cramping of the bottom of the foot, cramping and pain along the course of the channel, convulsion and spasm
associated with epilepsy
KD
• YANG DISORDER (=Exterior): Inability to bend the lumbar spine forwards I YIN DISORDER (=Interior) : Inability to bend the
lumbar spine backwards.

PC • LIMB: Strained and cramping sensation along the course of the channel
• TRUNK: pain of the chest with urgent breathing and an "inverted cup sensation" below the lower right ribs

5.J • LIMB: Strained and cramping sensation along the course of the channel
• HEAD: curled tongue

• LIMB: Strained and cramping of the fourth toe leading to cramping of the lateral aspect of the knee, inability to extend and
bend the knee, spasm of the popliteal region, spasm of the upper thigh (front)
GB • TRUNK: spasm of the sacrum (back), radiating to the lateral costal region and the area below the lateral costal region,
spasm of the SCF, the sides of the neck and the neck
• HEAD: If one looks to the right, then the right eye will not open and vice versa

• LIMB: Strain of the big toe, pain anterior to the medial malleolus, pain of the medial aspect of the knee, spasm and pain
of the medial aspect of the thigh
LV
······· • TRUNK: Dysfunction of the genitals (with internal injury there is inability to have an erection, with injury by cold there is
retraction of the genitals, with injury by heat there is persistent erection)

Channels I Muscle Meridians

 ACUPUNCTURE 125

15 COLLATERALS

SIX HAND LUO-COLLATERALS SIX FOOT LUO-COLLATERALS

REN & DU MAJOR COLLATERAL OF SP

PATHOLOGY (pg.108)
ARISES PATHOLOGY
FLOWS TO
FROM FUll EMPTY
lU LU7 Thenar eminence • Hot palms and wrists • Yawning, frequent urination, enuresis

ll Ll6 Teeth and ears • Toothache, deafness • Sensation of cold in teeth , fullness and
congestion in the chest

ST ST40 Neck •• Full: insanity, epilepsy

Rebellious: pharyngiti s, sudden loss of voice • Flaccid or atrophied muscles of legs or feet

SP SP4 ST and Intestines • Abdominal pain , rebelliou s Qi (vomiting and

diarrhea). food poisoning • Abdominal distention

HT HTS Tongue and eyes • Fullness and oppress ion of chest • Aphasia

Sl Sl7 Shoulder • Loose joints, atrophy of arm muscles, still

elbow • Long, finger-shaped warts, itching scabies

UB UB58 KD channel on leg • Nasal congestion , headache, backache • Clear nasal discharge, nosebleed

KD KD4 PC
•• Full: retention of urine (enuresis)
Rebellious: irritability, depression, chest
• Lower backache
oppression
PC PC6 HT
• Chest pain • Stiffness of the head and neck
SJ SJS PC in the chest
• Spasm of the elbow
• Flaccid muscle in the arm and elbow

GB GB37 Dorsum of foot

• Fainting • Weak and flaccid foot mu scles, difficult to
stand from sitting position

LV LVS External genitalia •• Full: swelling of testicl e, hernia-like di sorders

Rebellious: abnormal erection • Itching of pubic region

RN RNlS Abdomen
• Pain in the skin of abdomen
• Itching of the skin of abdomen
DU DUl Spine and occiput • Stiffness along the spine • Heaviness or dizziness of the head
G. SP SP21 Chest and ribs • Ache and pain all over body
• W eak limb muscles

Channels I Collaterals
126 ACUPUNCTURE

PATHWAY OF LUO-CONNECTING CHANNEL MNL

PATHWAY OF LUO.CONNECTING CHANNELS
1. Separates from the LU primary channel at LU7
LU 2. Follows the LU channel into the palm and spreads through the thenar eminence
3. Connects with the LU channel's interiorly-exteriorly related Ll channel
1. Begins at L16
2. Joins with its interiorly-exteriorly associated LU channel 3cun above the wrist
Ll 3. Ascends the arm through Ll15 to the jaw and cheek, where it divides, one branch connecting with the teeth, the other
entering the ear to join the 'Zong mai' (where the channels of the Ll, ST, 51, GB and SJ gather and collect at the ear.)
1. Originate on the lateral side of the lower leg at ST40
2. Travels to the medial aspect of the lower leg to join with the SP channel
ST 3. Ascends the leg and trunk to the nape of the neck and head where it converges with the Qi of the other yang channels
4. Then travels internally to terminate at the throat
1. Originates at SP4
SP 2. Connects with the ST channel
3. Enters the abdomen and connect with the intestines and ST
Great 1. Separates from the primary channel at SP21 on the lateral aspect of the chest
SP 2. Spreads through the chest and lateral costal region, gathering the blood of the luo-connecting channels of the whole body
1. Separates from the HT channel at HTS and connects with the 51 channel
HT Follows the HT channel to the HT organ then continues to the root of the tongue and the eye
2.
1. Separates from the 51 channel at 517 and connects with the HT channel
Sl Ascends along the arm and connects with the shoulder at Ll15
2.
UB 1. Separates from the primary channel at UB 58 and connects with the KD channel
1. Begins at KD4 on the posterior aspect of the medial malleolus
KD Encircles the heel and enters internally to connect with the UB channel
2.
1. Begins at PC6 on the anterior forearm,
PC 2. Ascends along with the PC primary channel to the PC and then connects with the HT
1. Separates from the SJ primary channel at SJS
SJ 2. Proceeds up the posterior aspect of the arm and over the shoulder, converging with the PC channel in the chest
1. Separates from the primary channel at GB37
GB 2. Connects with the LV channel
3. Descends and disperses over the dorsum of the foot
1. Separates from the primary channel at LVS on the medial aspect of the lower leg
LV 2. Connects with the GB channel
3. Ascends to the genitals
RN 1. Descends from RN15 and disperse over the abdomen
1. Ascends from DU1 and travels up the sides of spine to the top of the head
DU
2. At the shoulder blades it joins with the UB channel and threads through the spine

AREAS OF LUO CHANNELS

Cou Li • Wei level Wei level Qi level Blood level
Superficial Luo Luo channel Main channel Deep Luo channel

HOST {YUAN) + GUEST (LUO) FCM

•• Mentioned in the "Great Compendium of Acupuncture, 1601" as "HOST·GUEST" combination

Yuan·Source point is taken as main point to treat affected channels
•YUANLuo-Connecting point of interiorly·exteriorly related channels is added to reinforce treatment
LUO INDICATIONS
A feeling of oppression of the chest, hot palms, cough, swelling of the throat, dry throat, sweating,
LU9 + Ll6 shoulder pain, pain in the breasts, expectoration of phlegm, breathlessness
Ll4 + LU7 Toothache, swollen gums, yellow eyes, dry mouth, runny nose, epistaxis, swollen throat, shoulder pain
Stiff tongue, acid reflux, vomiting, abdominal distension, feeling of heaviness, constipation, weakness,
5P3 + 5T40 swelling of lower limbs
Abdominal distension and fullness, a feeling of oppression of the chest, epistaxis, phlegm, foot pain,
5T42 + 5P4 ankle pain
HT7 + 517 HT pain, dry throat, thirst, yellow eyes, dry mouth, hot palms, palpitations, vomiting of blood, fright
514 + HTS Stiff neck, swollen painful throat, shoulder pain, deafness, yellow eyes, pain of lateral side of upper arms
Dark complexion, absence of thirst, a desire to lie down, decreased vision, a feeling of heat, backache,
KD3 + UBSS weakness of lower limbs, shortness of breath, timidity (literally 'HT and GB shivering and dithering')
Eye pain, neck ache, pain from neck to back to lower limbs, mania, epilepsy, opisthotonus, pain in the
UB64 + KD4 eyebrow region, epistaxis, yellow eyes, contraction of tendons, prolapse anus
Contracture of palms, arm pain, inability to extend arm, chest fullness, swelling of axilla, palpitations,
PC7 + SJS red face, yellow eyes, laughing and crying without reason, mental restlessness, heart pain, hot palms
Tinnitus, deafness, swelling of the throat, dry throat, swelling of the eyes, ear ache, sweating, pain
SJ4 + PC6 between scapula, elbow pain, constipation, incontinence of urine, retention of urine
Abdominal distension and hypogastric swelling on women, chest fullness, vomiting, hernia, urinary
LV3 + GB37 retention or incontinence
Dull complexion, headache, eye pain, swelling of neck, goitre, hypochondriac pain, swelling and
GB40 + LVS sweating of axilla

Channels I Collaterals
 ACUPUNCTURE 127

12 REGULAR MERIDIANS

CHANNEL ABBREVIATION
HANDBOOK LU Ll ST SP HT Sl UB KD PC SJ GB LV RN DU
CAM LU Ll 5T 5P HT 51 BL Kl PC TE GB LR cv GV
FCM LU Ll 5T 5P HE 51 BL Kl p TB GB LIV REN DU
MNL LU Ll 5T 5P HE 51 BL KI D p 5J GB LIV REN DU
SGH L Ll s 5p H 51 B K p TB GB Li Co Gv
CA Board L Ll s 5p H 51 B K p 5J G Liv Ren Du

CHANNEL FLOW LANDSCAPE

THREE CIRCUITS CHEST c HAND c FACE c FOOT c CHEST YIN-YANG IDENTITY

1st Circuit EARTH : ii!l(J::I ) LU Ll ST SP Taiyin • Yangming

2nd Circuit HEAVEN • 7':: (C! ) HT Sl UB KD 5haoyin : Taiyang

3rd Circuit HUMAN : A (e.! ) PC SJ GB LV Jueyin • 5ha oyang

YANGMING: M ORE Ql, MORE BLOOD I JUEYIN & TAIYANG: MORE BLOOD, LESS Ql I TAIYIN, SHAOYIN & SHAOYANG: MORE Ql, LESS BLOOD

BODY LANDSCAPE

CROSSING POINTS CAM MNL W EB

' '
CROSSING POINTS ORGAN
LU No crossing point LU, Ll, (5T)
m
> Ll 5112, DU 14, 5T4, DU 26 Ll, LU
~ ST Ll 20, UB1, DU 26, RN 24, GB3, GB6, GB4, DU 24, DU14, RN13, RN12 5T, 5P
:I:

SP RN 3, RN4, RN10, GB24, LV14, LU1 SP, ST, (HT)

HT No crossing point HT, 51, (LU)
:I:
m Sl UB41, UBll, DU14, RN17, RN13, RN12, GB1, 5J22, UB1 Sl, HT, (ST)
~
m UB DU24, GB15, DU 20, GB7, GB8, GB10, GBll, GB12, DU17, DU 14, DU 13, GB30 UB, KD
2
KD 5P6, DU 1, RN3, RN4 KD, UB, LV, LU, HT
PC No crossing point PC, SJ
:I:
c SJ 5112, DU 14, GB21, (RN1 7), GB6, GB4, GB3, 5118, 5119, GB1 5J, PC
s:
>
2
GB 5T8, 5J22, 5J 20, (5117), DU 14, UBl l, 5112, 5117, 5119, 5T7, 5TS, 5T6, (LV13), (U B31-34) GB, LV
LV 5P6, 5P13, 5P12, RN2, RN 3, RN4 LV, GB, (LU, 5T)

Channels I Regular Meridians

128 ACUPUNCTURE

CROSSING POINTS COMPREHENSIVE CHART CAM MNLl WEB

'
POINT CHANNEL POINT CHANNEL

DU1 KD HT ©
DU4 (CHONG, DAI) SilO YANG QIAO, YANG WEI
DU13 UB Sl12 ll, SJ, GB
DU14 6 YANG CHANNELS Sl $117 GB
DU15 YANG WEI 5118 SJ
DU DU16 YANG WEI, (YANG QIAO) Sl19 SJ, GB
DU17 UB UBl ST, Sl, YANG QIAO, YIN QIAO
DU20 UB UBll Sl, GB
DU24 ST, UB UB12 DU
DU26 ll, ST UB23 (DAI)
UB
DU28 REN UB31-34 GB
RNl DU, CHONG UB41 Sl
RN2 LV UB59·61·62 YANG QIAO
RN3·4 SP, KD, LV (3 FOOT YIN) UB63 YANG WEI
RN7 (CHONG) KD6·8 YIN QIAO
REN RN10 SP KD KD9 YIN WEI
RN12·13 ST, Sl KD11-21 CHONG
RN17 Sl, SJ PC ©
RN22·23 YIN WEI SJ15 YANG WEI
RN24 ST SJ17 GB
SJ
LU LU1 SP SJ20 GB
ll20 ST SJ22 Sl, GB
Ll ll15 YANG QIAO GBl Sl, SJ
ll16 YANG QIAO GB3·4·6 ST, SJ
STl REN, YANG QIAO GB7·8·10·11·12 UB
ST3 YANG QIAO GB13-20 YANG WEI
ST4 ll, YANG QIAO GB15 UB, YANG WEI
ST STS-6-7 GB GB20 YANG QIAO, YANG WEI
GB
ST8 GB, (YANG WEI) GB21 SJ, YANG WEI
ST12 ll, ST, Sl, SJ, GB, YIN QIAO GB24 SP
ST30 CHONG GB26-28 DAI
SP1 (CHONG) GB29 YANG QIAO
SP6 KD, LV GB30 UB
SP10 (CHONG) GB35 YANG WEI
SP
SP12 LV, (YIN WEI) LVl (CHONG)
SP13 LV, YIN WEI LV LV13 GB
SP15·16 YIN WEI LV14 SP, YIN WEI

DISTRIBUTION
Vertex LV, UB • LU: Middle Jiao
Eye LV, HT(brain)
• ST: ll20
Both Canthus Sl Origin • HT: Heart
Ear Sl, SJ, GB • KD: Beneath little toe

Gums • Upper Gum: ST • PC: Chest

Supraclavicular fossa
• Lower Gum: Ll
All Yang channels except UB
Genital
Tail bone
LV
KD
Crossing diaphragm All channels except UB Sacral foramen UB, GB
Many organs KD: KD, UB, LV, LU, HT Heel KD
Many Front-Mu SP: RN3, RN4, GB24, LV14, LUl Tibial branch of ST End at lateral side of middle toe
Important Exit Points LU7, ST42, KD22, PC8, SJ22, GB41 Important Crossing C Crossing Points Chart (pg.128)

Channels I Regular Meridians

 ACUPUNCTURE 129

EARTH CIRCUIT : LU C Ll C ST C SP

LU MERIDIAN PATHWAY

PATHWAY
1. The LU Meridian originates in the middle portion of
the body cavity
2. and runs downward, internally, to connect with the Ll.
3. Turning back, it passes upward through the diaphragm
4. to enter its pertaining organ, the LU.
5. From the internal zone between the Lungs and the
throat, it emerges to the surface of the body under
the clavicle.
6. Descending, the LU Meridian then runs along the
medial aspect of the upper arm to reach the elbow
crease.
7. From there, it runs along the anterior portion of the
forearm,
8. passes above the major artery of the wrist, and
emerges at the radial side of the tip of the thumb.
9. Another section of the LU Meridian branches off just
above the wrist and runs directly to the radial side of
the tip of the index finger to connect with the Ll
Meridian.

~ CROSSING POINTS No crossing point

Ll MERIDIAN PATHWAY

PATHWAY
1. The Ll Meridian begins at the tip of the index finger
and runs upward along the radial side of the index
finger and between the thumb and index finger.
2. It passes through the depression between the tendons
of the thumb and then continues upward along the
lateral aspect of the forearm to the lateral side of the
elbow.
3. From there, it ascends along the anterior border of the
upper arm (i:', SI12, l::, OU14)
4. to the highest point of the shou lder.
5. On top of the shoulder, the Meridian divides into two
branches.
6. The first of these branches enters the body and passes
through the LU,
7. diaphragm, and the Ll, its pertaining organ .
8. The second of these branches ascends externally along
the neck,
9. passes through the cheek, and enters, internally, the
lower teeth and gum. ( L::,ST4)
10. On the exterior, it continues, curving around the
upper li p and crossing to the opposite side of th e
nose. ( L::, DU26)

~ CROSSING POINTS Sl12, DU14, ST4, DU26

Channels I Regular Meridians

130 ACUPUNCTURE

ST MERIDIAN PATHWAY

PATHWAY
1. The ST Meridian begins, internally, where the Ll
Meridian terminates, next to the nose. It then ascends
to the bridge of the nose, meeting the Bladder
Meridian at the inner corner of the eye, and emerging
under the eye. {Ll. ll20, Ll. UBl)
2. Descending from there, lateral to the nose, it enters
the upper gum
3. and curves around the lips before passing along the
side of the lower jawbone and through the angle of
the jaw. {Ll. DU26, Ll. RN24)
4. It then turns upward, running in front of the ear to
the corner of the forehead . {Ll. GB3,6,4, Ll. DU24)
5. A branch descends from the lower jaw, (Ll. DU14)
6. enters the body, and descends through the diaphragm.
It then enters its pertaining organ, the ST, and
connects with the SP. {Ll. RN13,12)
7. Another branch leaves the lower jaw, but remains on
the surface of the body as it crosses over the neck,
chest,
8. and abdomen, and terminates in the groin .
9. Interna lly, the Meridian reconstitutes itself at the lower
end of the ST and descends inside the abdomen to
reconnect with the external branch in the groin.
10. From this point, the Meridian runs downward over
the front of the thigh
11. to the outer side of the knee, and continues along
the center of the front of the lower leg to reach the
top of the foot. It terminates at the lateral side of
the tip of the second toe.
12. A branch deviates from the Stomach Meridian just
below the knee and ends at the lateral side of the
middle toe.
13. A short branch also leaves from the top of the foot
and terminates at the medial side of the big toe to
connect with the SP Meridian.

• CROSSING POINTS ll20, UBl, DU26, RN24, GB3,6,4,

DU24, DU14, RN13,12

SP MERIDIAN PATHWAY

PATHWAY
1. The SP Meridian originates at the medial side of the
big toe. It then runs along the inside of the foot,
turning in front of the inner ankle bone.
2. From there, it ascends along the posterior surface of
the lower leg
3. and the medial aspect of the knee and thigh
4. to enter the abdominal cavity. {Ll. RN3,4, Ll. RNlO)
5. It runs internally to its pertaining organ, th e SP,
6. and connects with the ST.
7. The main Meridian continues on the surface of the
abdomen, running upward to th e chest, (Ll. GB24,
Ll. LV14, Ll. LUl)
8. where it again penetrates internally to fol low the
throat
9. up to the root of the tongue, under which it spreads
its Qi and Blood.
10. An internal branch leaves the ST, passes upward
through the diaphragm, and enters into the HT, where
it connects with the HT Merid ian .

• CROSSING POINTS : RN3,4, RNlO, GB24, LV14, LUl

Channels I Regular Meridians

 ACUPUNCTURE 131

HEAVEN CIRCUIT: HT C 51 CUB C KD

HT MERIDIAN PATHWAY

PATHWAY
1. The HT Meridian has three branches, each of which
begins in the HT.
2. One branch runs downward through the diaphragm to
connect to the Sl.
3. A second branch runs upward from the HT along the
side of the throat to meet the eye.
4. The third branch runs across the chest from the Heart
to the LU, then descends and emerges in the
underarm.
5. It passes along the midline of the inside of the upper
arm,
6. runs downward across the inner elbow, along the
midline of the inside of the forearm,
7. crosses the wrist and palm, and terminates at the
inside tip of the little finger, where it connects with
the 51 Meridian .

.A. CROSSING POINTS No crossing point

51 MERIDIAN PATHWAY

PATHWAY
1. The 51 Meridian begins on the outside of the tip of
the little finger, crosses the palm and wrist,
2. and passes upward along the posterior aspect of the
forearm.
3. The Meridian continues upward along the posterior
border of the lateral aspect of the upper arm,
4. circles behind the shoulder, and runs to the center of
the uppermost part of the back (where it meets the
DU Meridian) . (6. UB41, 6. UB11, 6. DU14)
5. Here, the Meridian divides into two branches, one
entering internally
6. to connect with the HT, ( 6. RN17)
7. diaphragm, and ST, (6. RN13,12)
8. before entering its pertaining organ, the Sl.
9. The second branch ascends along the side of the neck
10. to the cheek
11. and outer corner of the eye before entering the ear.
(6. GB1, 6.SJ22)
12. A short branch leaves the Meridian on the cheek and
runs to the inner corner of the eye, where it
connects with the Bladder M eridian. (6. UB1)

.A. CROSSING POINTS : UB41, UBll, DU14, RN17,13,12,

GBl, SJ22, UBl

Channels I Regular Meridians

132 ACUPUNCTURE

UB MERIDIAN PATHWAY

PATHWAY
1. The UB Meridian starts at the inner side of the eye
and ascends across the forehead to the vertex of the
head. (6DU24, 6 GB15, 6 DU20}
2. From this point, a small branch splits off and enters
into the brain, (6 GB7,8,10,11,12}
3. while the main Meridian continues to descend along
the back of the head ( 6 DU17)
4. and bifurcates at the back of the neck.
5. The inner of these two branches descends a short
distance to the center of the base of the neck,
( 6 DU14,13}
6. then descends parallel to the spine.
7. A branch splits off, entering the body in the lumbar
region and connecting to the KD
8. and its pertaining organ, the UB.
9. The outer branch traverses the back of the shoulder,
10. descends adjacent to the inner branch and the spinal
cord, and crosses the buttocks. ( 6 GB30}
11. The two branches continue downward, descend the
posterior aspect of the thigh, and join behind the
knee.
12. The single Meridian now continues down the back of
the lower leg, circles behind the outer ankle,
13. runs along the outside of the foot, and terminates on
the lateral side of the tip of the small toe, whe re it
connects with the KD Meridian.

A CROSSING POINTS DU24, GBlS, DU20, GB7,8,10,11,12,

DU17, DU14,13, GB30

KD MERIDIAN PATHWAY

PATHWAY
1. The KD Meridian starts from the inferior aspect of the
small toe, runs across the sole of the foot,
2. and emerges along the arch of the foot to circle
behind the inner ankle and pass through the heel.
3. It then ascends the medial side of the lower leg to
the medial side of the knee crease, ( 6 SP6}
4. climbs upward along the innermost aspect of the th igh,
5. and penetrates the body near the base of the spine.
(6 DU1}
6. This branch connects internally with the KD, its
pertaining organ,
7. and with the UB,
8. before returning to the surface of the abdomen above
the pubic bone and running upward over the abdomen
and chest. ( 6 RN3,4}
9. Another branch begins inside at the KD, passes upward
through the LV and diaphragm, and enters the LU.
10. This branch continues along the throat and terminates
at the root of the tongue.
11. A smaller branch le.aves the LU, joins the HT, and
flows into the chest to connect with the PC Meridian .

A CROSSING POINTS : SP6, DUl, RN3,4

Channels I Regular Meridians

 ACUPUNCTURE 133

HUMAN CIRCUIT : PC C SJ C GB C LV

PC MERIDIAN PATHWAY

PATHWAY
1. Beginning in the chest and in its pertaining organ, the
PC,
2. this Meridian descends through the diaphragm to link
the Upper, middle, and Lower portions of the SJ.
3. A second internal branch of the Meridian crosses the
chest, emerging to the surface at the area of the ribs.
4. The Meridian then ascends around the armpit
5. and continues down the medial aspect of the upper
arm to the elbow crease.
6. It runs further down the forearm
7. to the palm of the hand, ending at the tip of the
middle finger.
8. A short branch splits off from the palm to connect
with the SJ Meridian at the end of the ring finger .

.& CROSSING POINTS No crossing point

SJ MERIDIAN PATHWAY

PATHWAY
1. Beginning at the outside tip of the ring finger, the SJ
Meridian proceeds over the back of the hand
2. and wrist to the forearm .
3. It runs upward, passing around the outer elbow, along
the lateral aspect of the upper arm,
4. to reach the posterior shoulder region. (.0.SI12,
.0. DU14)
5. From here, the Meridian travels over the shoulder and
enters into the chest underneath the breastbone.
(.0.GB21)
6. An internal branch passes from this point through the
PC, penetrates the diaphragm, (.0. RN17)
7. and then proceeds downward to unite the Upper,
Middle, and Lower Burners.
8. Another, exterior branch ascends toward the shoulder
and runs internally up the neck.
9. It reaches the posterior border of the ear
10. and then interiorly circles the face. (.0. GB6,4,3)
11. A short branch originates behind the ear, penetrates
the ear, and emerges in front of the ear to reach the
outer end of the eyebrow and connect to the GB
Meridian. (.0.SI19, .0.GB1)

.& CROSSING POINTS : Sl12, DU14, GB21, (RN17), GB6,4,3,

Sl18, Sl19, GB1

Channels I Regular Meridians

134 ACUPUNCTURE

GB MERIDIAN PATH WAY

PATHWAY
1. The GB Meridian begins at the outer corner of the
eye, where two branches arise.
2. One branch, remaining on the surface, weaves back
and forth on the lateral aspect of the head before
curving behind the ear to reach the top of the
shoulder. (6.ST8, 6.SJ22, 6.SJ20, 6.SI17, 6. DU14,
6.UB11, 6.SI12) (Ear branch : 6.SJ17, 6.SI19, 6.ST7)
3. It then continues downward, passing in front of the
underarm
4. and along the lateral aspect of the rib cage to reach
the hip region.
5. The second branch internally traverses the cheek
(6.STS,6}
6. and proceeds internally through the neck
7. and chest to reach the LV (6.LV13}
8. and its pertaining organ, the GB.
9. Continuing downward, this branch emerges on the side
of the lower abdomen, where it connects with the
other branch in the hip area. (6. UB31,32,33,34)
10. The Meridian then descends along the lateral aspect
of the thigh
11. and knee to the side of the lower leg and further
downward in front of the outer ankle.
12. It crosses the top of the foot and terminates at the
lateral side of the tip of the fourth toe.
13. A branch leaves the Meridian just below the ankle to
cross over the foot to the big toe, where it connects
with the LV Meridian .

• CROSSING POINTS : STS, SJ22, SJ20, (SI17}, DU14, UB11,

Sl12, SJ17, Sl19, ST7, STS, ST6, (LV13}, (UB31,32,33,34}
LV MERIDIAN PATHWAY

PATHWAY
1. Beginning on the top of the big toe, the LV Meridian
traverses the top of the foot,
2. ascending in front of the inner ankle and along the
medial aspect of the lower leg and knee. (6.SP6}
3. It runs continuously along the media l aspect of the
thigh (6.SP13,12}
4. to the pubic region, where it encircles the external
genitalia before entering the lower abdomen.
(6. RN2,3,4}
5. It ascends internal ly,
6. connects with its pertaining organ, the LV,
7. and with the GB, and scatters underneath the ribs
8. before pouring into the LU, where it connects with the
LU Meridian.
9. The entire cycle of the Meridian system begins anew
here. Reconstituting itself, the Meridian follows the
trachea upward to the throat
10. and connects with the eyes. Two bra nches leave the
eye area:
11. One descends across the cheek to encircle the inner
surface of the lips;
12. a second branch ascends across the forehead to reach
the vertex of the head.

• CROSSING POINTS : SP6, SP13,12, RN2,3,4

Cha nne ls I Regular M eridians

 ACUPUNCTURE 135

12 DIVERGENT MERIDIANS

1st CONFLUENCE {UB•KD) 2nd CONFLUENCE {ST•SP) 3rd CONFLUENCE {GB•LV)

4th CONFLUENCE {SI•HT) Sth CONFLUENCE {LI•LU) 6th CONFLUENCE {SJ•PC)

...................
············...
..·..
·.

ORIGIN AND EMERGENCE

CONFLUENCE ORIGIN CONNECT ORGANS EMERGE

UB Popliteal fossa UB, KD, HT Neck
1
KD Poplitea l fossa KD Neck
ST Thigh ST, SP, HT Eye
2
SP Thigh SP, ST, HT Tongue
GB Thigh LV, GB, HT Eye
3
LV Foot LV, GB Eye
51 Shoulder joint HT, Sl Abdomen
4
HT Axillary fossa HT Face
ll Hand LU, Ll Supraclavicular fossa
5
LU Axi lla LU, Ll Clavicle
SJ Vertex SJ, PC Chest
6
PC 3 cun below axilla PC, SJ Ear

Channels I Divergent Meridians

136 ACUPUNCTURE

PATHWAY OF DIVERGENT CHANNEL MNL

i:,f~ ;,,,;~ ~~.· .;~ +, .• ., ...., .,~,~~~· Illl[ . !!'~···.:. ; '

.·
,.
t~"''··
1. Diverges from the LU primary channel at the axilla and passes anterior to the HT channel in the chest
2. Connects with the LU and disperses in the Ll
LU 3. A branch ascends from the LU, emerges at the SCF(Supraclavicular fossa), ascends across the throat and converges with the Ll
channel
1. Separate from the Ll primary channel on the hand
2. Ascends the arm to the shoulder at L115
Ll 3. Travels medially to the spinal column
4. Crosses to the SCF and descends to the thorax, breast, LU and Ll
5. A branch ascends from the SCF along the throat and unites with the Ll primary channel
1. Branches from the primary channels in the middle of the thigh
2. Ascends and enters the abdomen
3. Travels to the ST and disperses in the SP,
ST 4. Ascends to penetrate the HT
5. Ascends along the esophagus and emerges at the mouth
6. Continues along the nose to connect with the eye and then unites with the primary ST channel
1. Branches from the primary channel in the middle of the anterior thigh
SP 2. Follows the ST divergent channel to the throat where it penetrates the tongue
1. Separates from the primary channel at the axillary fossa
HT 2. Enters the chest and connects with the HT
3. Ascends along the throat and emerges to the face, connecting with the 51 channel at the inner canthus
1. Separates from the primary channel at the shoulder
51
2. Enters the axilla, crosses the HT and descend to the abdomen where it connects with the 51
1. Diverges from the primary channel in the popliteal fossa and ascends to a point 5cun inferior to the sacrum, then winds
UB round the anus, connecting with the UB and dispersing in the KD.
2. Ascends alongside the spine and disperses in the cardiac region then emerges at the neck to rejoin the UB primary channel
1. Separates from the primary channel in the popliteal fossa
2. Intersects the UB divergent channel on the thigh
3. Ascends to connect with the KD
4. Crosses the Girdling vessel in the region of the second lumbar vertebra
KD
5. Ascends to the root of the tongue
6. Continues upwards to emerge at the nape of the neck and converge with the UB primary channel
7. Ascends along with the KD primary channel from KD4 to a point below the PC where it travels posteriorly to and spreads into
the lumbar vertebrae
1. Separates from the primary channel on the arm, at the level of a point below the axilla and 3cun inferior to GB22
PC 2. Enters the chest and communicates with the Three Jiao
3. A branch ascends across the throat and emerges behind the ear to converge with the SJ channel
1. Separates from the primary channel on the head and branches to the vertex
SJ
2. Descends in to the SCF and across the Three Jiao, dispersing in the chest
1. Diverges from the primary channel on the thigh
2. Enters the pubic hairline where it converges with the divergent channel of the LV
3. Enters the flank between the lower ribs
GB 4. Connects with the GB and spreads upwards through the LV
5. Proceeds upwards across the HT and esophagus
6. Emerges at the Lower Jaw, disperses in the face, connects with the eye and rejoins the GB primary channel at the outer
canthus
1. Separates from the primary channel on the dorsum of the foot
LV
2. Ascends to the pubic region where it converges with the GB primary channel

FUNCTIONS OF THE DIVERGENT MERIDIANS

1 Strengthen the Yin-Yang relationship between the internally-externally paired channels and Zang Fu
2 Distribute Qi and Blood to the head and face
3 Integrate areas of the body not supplied or interconnected by the primary channels
4 Help explain the clinical action of some commonly-used acupuncture points
Apart from the HT and the LV channels, the Yin primary channels do not go to the head and face. The link with the Yang
5 Divergent and primary channels enables the other four Yin channels to make a connection at the top of the body.

Channels I Divergent Meridians

 ACUPUNCTURE 137

8 EXTRAORDINARY MERIDIANS

FUNCTIONS
1 Act as reservoirs
2 Lin k t he twelve primary cha nn els
3 Protect t he body

NAMES AND COALESCENT POINTS

CROSSING POINTS COALESCENT POINTS
REN DU CHONG DAI YANG QIAO YIN QIAO YANG WEI YIN WEI
CAM Conception Governor Thoroughfare Belt Yang Heel Yin Heel Yang Link Yin Link
FCM Directing Governing Penetrating Girdle Yang Steppi ng Yin Stepping Yang Linking Yin Linking
MNL Conception Governing Penetrating Girdling Yang M otility Yin M otility Yang Linking Yin Linking
Points 6 DU28 6 RN1 1. RNl 1. GB26 1. UB62 1. (KD2)(l) 1. UB63 1. KD9
6 ST1 6 UB12 2.. 5T30 2. GB2.7 2. UB61 2. KD6 2. GB35 2. (5P12.)@
3. KDll 3. GB28 3. UB59 3. KD8 3. SilO 3. SP13
4. KD12 4. GB29 4. (ST12)CD 4. 5J15 4. 5P15
5. KD13 5. 5110 5. (5T9)CD 5. GB21 5. SP16
6. KD14 6. Ll15 6. UBl 6. (5T8)@ 6. LV14
7. KD15 7. Ll16 7. GB13 7. RN22
8. (RN7)@ 8. (5T9)CD 8. GB14 8. RN23
9. KD16 9. 5T4 9. GB15
10. KD17 10. 5T3 10. GB16
11. KD18 11. 5Tl 11. GB17
12. KD19 12. UBl 12. GB18
13. KD20 13. GB20 13. GB19
14. KD21 14. GB20
15. DU 16
16. DU15
Origin Lower abdomen LV13 UB62 KD6(KD2) UB63 KD9
Open LU7 513 SP4 GB41 UB62 KD6 5J5 PC6

.. .. . . . .
Pair KD6 UB62 PC6 SJ5 Sl3 LU7 GB41 5P4
Luo
Xi .
RN 15
.
DU l
UB59 KD8 GB35 KD9

@l=MNL ONLY, CD=FCM ONLY

.. 2~

ANALYSIS

(f-\
OPENING &
Xi-ClEFT lUO RANGE OF ACTION
COUPLED PT. location polarity
REN LU7 HAND RN15 abdomen, chest, lungs, throat,
YIN QIAO KD6 FOOT - KD8 fa ce

DU

YANG QIAO
513

UB62
HAND

FOOT
+

+ UB59
DUl back of legs, back, spine, neck,
neck, head, eyes, brain
-··-----fl ~r -----
R EN...... ~~I ......,. DU

\ O AI
DAI GB41 FOOT + outer aspect of leg, sides of
YANG WEI

CHONG

YIN WEI
5J5

5P4

PC6
HAND
. FOOT

HAND
+

-
GB35

KD9
body, shou lders, side of neck

inner aspect of leg, abdomen,

chest , heart, stomach ~r·-
-
'l)
DISTRIBUTION
Yang Qiao Yang Qiao Infraorbital Supraclavicular
Brain Vertex lips Throat
& Yin Qiao & Yang Wei region fossa
• UBl • 5110 • Du • Du • Ren • Ren • Yin Qiao • Ren
• GB20 • Yang Qiao • Chong • Chong
• (DU16) • Yin Qiao • Yin Wei

Channels I Extra Vessels

138 ACUPUNCTURE

DU • REN • CHONG • DAI

DU CROSSING P. REN CROSSING P.

ORIGIN: Lower ORIGIN: Lower

Abdomen Abdomen

6 RN1 6 DU28
6 UB12 6 ST1

~----ARN1
~DU1

CHONG COALESCENT P. DAI COALESCENT P.

ORIGIN: Lower
ORIGIN: LV13
Abdomen

1. RN1 1. GB26
2. ST30 2. GB27
3. KDll 3. GB28
4. KD12
5. KD13
6. KD14
7. KD15
8. (RN7)@)
9. KD16
10. KD17 r---+- -(LV13)
11. KD18
r--t---G826
12. KD19
13. KD20 / i - - - GB27
14. KD21

Channels I Extra Vessels

 ACUPUNCTURE 139

YANG QIAO • YIN QIAO • YANG WEI • YIN WEI

YANG QIAO COALESCENT P. YIN QIAO COALESCENT P.

ORIGIN: UB62 ORIGIN: KD6

(or KD2)

1. UB62 1. (KD2)CD
2. UB61 2. KD6
3. UB59 3. KD8
4. GB29 4. (ST12)CD
5. SilO 5. (ST9)Q)
6. Lll5 6. UBl
7. Lll6
8. (ST9)Q)
9. ST4
10. ST3
11. STl
12. UBl
13. GB20

YANG WEI COALESCENT P. YIN WEI COALESCENT P.

GB16 ORIGIN: UB63 ORIGIN: KD9

GB17 (STS)
GB18 GB15
GB13
G B 14 1. UB63 1. KD9
2. GB35 2. (SP12)@)
3. SilO 3. SP13
4. SJ15 4. SP15
5. GB21 5. SP16
6. (ST8)@) 6. LV14
7. GB13 7. RN22
8. GB14 8. RN23
9. GB15
10. GB16
11. GB17
12. GB18
13. GB19
14. GB20
15. DU16
16. DU15

Channels I Extra Vessels

140 ACUPUNCTURE
BIG PICTURE

EARTH HEAVEN MAN EXTRA 8 INFLUENTIAL POINTS

SPECIAL POINTS
LU Ll ST SP HT Sl UB KD PC SJ GB LV RN I DU lANG LV13
YUAN-SOURCE 9 4 42 3 7 4 64 3 7 4 40 3 FU RN12
1 Ql RN17
LUO-CONNECTING 7 6 40 4 5 7 58 4 6 5 37 5 1s 1
BLOOD UB17
XI-CLEFT 6 7 34 8 6 6 63 5 4 7 36 6 GB34
SINEWS
FRONT-MU LUl ST25 RN12 LV13 RN14 RN4 RN3 GB25 RN17 RNS GB24 LV14 MARROW GB39
BONES UB11
BACK-SHU UB13 UB25 UB21 UB20 UBlS UB27 UB28 UB23 UB14 UB22 UB19 UB18
VESSELS LU9
ENTRY 1 ~ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

EXIT z 20 42 21 9 19 67 22 8 22 41 14 WINDOW OF THE SKY

5T9 5117
WELL SPRING STREAM RIVER SEA GROUP LUO POINTS
Ll18 5J16
Mental Febrile, Bi, wind, Asthma, Fu organs, 3 ARM YANG 5J8
illness, complexion damp, cough, stomach, RN22
3 ARM YIN PCS 5116
chest change, hot heaviness, hot/cold intestines,
stifling, sensations joint pain sensations, rebel Qi, 3 LEG YANG GB35 (GB39)
voice sound diarrhea UB10 DU16
fullness
under hea rt change 3 LEG YIN 5P6
LU3 PC1

MUSCLE MERIDIAN MEETING POINTS 4 COMMAND POINTS

• GB13 ABDOMEN 5T36

3 ARM YANG Forehead
3 ARM YIN Thoracic cavity i GB22 HEAD AND BACK OF NECK LU7

3 LEG YANG Eyes • 5118, 5T3 BACK (UPPER AND LOWER) UB40

3 LEG YIN Genital • RN3 FACE AND MOUTH Ll4

4 SEA POINTS
13 GHOST POINTS
Ql 5T9, RN17, DU15, DU14
Palace Faith Fortress Heart Road Pillow Bed City Cave Hall Liar Leg Seal
BLOOD UB11, 5T37, 5T39
Jinj in FOOD
DU26 LUll SPl PC7 UB62 DU16 ST6 RN 24 PCB DU 23 DUl Llll 5T30, 5T36
Yuye
MARROW DU20, DU16

8 EXTRA MERIDIANS
LOWER HE-SEA POINTS
MASTER XI-CLEFT LUO RANGE OF ACTION
Ll ST37
REN LU7 RN15
3 ARM Abdomen, chest, lungs, throat , face
Sl 5T39 YIN QIAO KD6 KD8
YANG
SJ UB39 DU 513 DU1 Back of legs, back, spine, neck, neck,
YANG QIAO UB62 UBS9 head, eyes, bra in
ST 5T36
DAI GB41 Outer aspect of leg, sides of body,
3 LEG
UB UB40 YANG WEI 5JS GB35 shou lders, side of neck
YANG
GB GB34 CHONG 5P4 Inner aspect of leg, abdomen, chest,
YIN WEI PC6 KD9 heart, stomach

FIVE ELEMENT POINTS ON THE 12 PRIMARY MERIDIANS

Well Spring Stream River Sea Well Spring Stream River Sea
Wood Fire Earth Metal Water Metal Water Wood Fire Earth

TAl LU 11 10 9 8 5 YANG Ll 1 2 3 5 11
YIN MING 44
SP 1 2 3 5 9 ST 45 43 41 36

SHAD
HT 9 8 7 4 3
TAl
Sl 1 2 3 5 8
YIN YANG
KD 1 2 3 7 10 UB 67 66 65 60 40

PC 9 8 7 5 3 SJ 1 2 3 6 10
JUE SHAD
YIN YANG GB 44 43 34
LV 1 2 3 4 8 41 38

Points I Big Picture

 ACUPUNCTURE 141

BIG PICTURE PRACTICE

EARTH HEAVEN MAN EXTRA 8 INFLUENTIAL POINTS

SPECIAL POINTS
lU ll ST SP HT Sl UB KD PC SJ GB LV RN I DU lANG
YUAN-SOURCE FU
LUO-CONNECTING Ql
I BLOOD
XI-CLEFT
SINEWS
FRONT-MU MARROW

BACK-SHU BONES
VESSELS
ENTRY

EXIT WINDOW OF THE SKY

WELL SPRING STREAM RIVER SEA GROUP LUO POINTS

3 ARM YANG
3 ARM YIN
3 LEG YANG
3 LEG YIN

MUSCLE MERIDIAN MEETING POINTS 4 COMMAND POINTS

3 ARM YANG ABDOMEN

3 ARM YIN HEAD AND BACK OF NECK

3 LEG YANG BACK (UPPER AND LOWER)

3 LEG YIN FACE AND MOUTH

4 SEA POINTS
13 GHOST POINTS
Ql
Palace Faith Fortress Heart Road Pillow Bed Cit y Cave Hall Li ar Leg Seal
BLOOD

FOOD
MARROW

8 EXTRA MERIDIANS
LOWER HE-SEA POINTS
MASTER XI-CLEFT LUO RANGE OF ACTION
Ll
REN
3 ARM
Sl YIN QIAO
YANG
SJ DU
YANG QIAO
ST
DAI
3 LEG
UB YANG WEI
YANG
GB CHONG
YIN WEI

FIVE ELEMENT POINTS ON THE 12 PRIMARY MERIDIANS

Well Spring Stream River Sea Well Spring Stream River Sea
Wood Fire Earth Metal Water Metal Water Wood Fire Earth
lU Ll
TAl YANG
YIN SP MING
ST

HT Sl
SHAO TAl
YIN YANG
KD UB

JUE PC SJ
SHAO
YIN lV YANG GB

Points I Big Picture

142 ACUPUNCTURE

POINT CATEGORIES

NAME COMPARISON
POINT CATEGORIES CHINESE(KOREAN) FCM MANUAL

1. FIVE-SHU :li8l1i:(29!11 ) Five Transporting Five Shu

2. FIVE ELEMENT :lii'T1i:(2~~1 Five Element Five Phase

3. YUAN-PRIMARY IJl!'li:(~!ll) Source (Yuan) Yuan-Source

4. LUO-CONNECTING *ll'li:(<t!ll ) Connecting (Luo) Luo-Connecting

5. XI-CLEFT fJI'li:(~!l! ) Accumulation (Xi) Xi·Cieft

6. BACK-SHU 'lhl\t'li:(tlH 'if!ll l Back Tra nsporting (Shu) Back-Shu

7. FRONT-MU JJ'li:(S'.!I ) Front Co llecting (Mu) Front-Mu

8. 8 INFLUENTIAL i\1it'A (W" §.l~ ) Gathering (Hui) Hui-Meeting

9. 8 CONFLUENT i\llli'l<flf1i:(l!t'1!l:ii!~!ll ) Opening Points Confluent

10. LOWER HE-SEA T~'li:i ol ~!ll i Lower Sea ©

11. 4 COMMAND ll!l~'li:( Af ~!!l ) 5 Command 4 and 6 Command

12. 4 SEA ll!l:Jii'li:(AI IiH!II ) 4 Seas 4 Seas

13. GROUP-LUO =~*ll'li: ( et'EJ<t!ll ) © ©
14. ENTRY AND EXIT .A.tllQ'li: (gj ~:;>!l! ) © ©
15. WINDOW OF SKY ~fil;1i: ( ~2/!ll ) Window of Heaven Wind of Heaven

16. 13 GHOST +-=:l'l.'li: (~~:;>l!ll ) Sun Si Miao's 13 Ghost Points 13 Ghost Points of Sun Si-Miao

17. 12 HEAVENLY STAR ~£+=1i: I ~~~OI!!I i 12 Heavenly Star pt. of Ma Dan-Yang 12 Heavenly Star pt. of Ma Dan-Ya ng

18. 9 PT. FOR RETURNING YANG @"';h.tt'li:(=? 2/'?el !II) © 9 Needles for Returning the Yang
19. EYE SYSTEM §;vi ( ~ Jill Points of the Eye System (Mu Xi) ©
20. CROSSING POINTS 'l<e'li: i:ii! ~!ll i M eeting Points Meeting Points

1. FIVE TRANSPORTING POINTS (FIVE SHU POINTS li~ :TI: )

WELL SPRING STREAM RIVER SEA WELL SPRING STREAM RIVER SEA
lANG FU
WOOD FIRE EARTH METAL WATER METAL WATER WOOD FIRE EARTH
TAl LU 11 10 9 8 5 YANG Ll 1 2 3 5 11
YIN SP 1 2 3 5 9 MING ST 45 44 43 41 36
SHAO HT 9 8 7 4 3 TAl Sl 1 2 3 5 8
YIN KD 1 2 3 7 10 YANG UB 67 66 65 60 40
JUE PC 9 8 7 5 3 SHAO SJ 1 2 3 6 10
YIN LV 1 2 3 4 8 YANG GB 44 43 41 38 34

(1) Well (Qi superficial) -7 Spring (Qi quickens) -7 Stream (Channel broadens) -7 River (Qi deepens) -7 Sea (Qi plunges deep)
(2) Fingers/Toes (Distal) -7 Getting gradually larger and deeper -7 Elbows/Knees (Proximal)

WELL SPRING STREAM RIVER SEA

Qi is shallow
M ental illness, chest
stifling, fu llness under
heart
········· ..........
Qi is slightly larger Qi is cascading Qi is free flowing Qi enters deeply
Febrile, complexion Bi, wind, d amp, Asthma, cough, hot/cold Fu organs, stomach,
change, hot sensation heaviness, j oint pain sensations, voice sound intestines, rebel Qi,
change diarrhea

•• ends
Point of departure of Qi
At fingertips and toe
• 2nd point from fingers
or toes
• 3rd point along channel
(except GB41)
• bigger
Qi of channel much
and deeper
• Qi of the channel is vast
and deep
(except KDl) •
•
Dynamic • Qi 'pour', flow becomes •
•
Qi flows like a current • Qi of channel goes deep
• Channel is most
superficial and thinnest
Like the swirling
movement of a mountain •
bigger and deeper
Pathogenic factors enter
Pathogenic factors are
deviated towards joints
in the body and joins
general Qi circulation
• Change of polarity (Yin spring at its source through this point and sinews at these • Centripetal movement
to Yang or vice verse) • Clear Heat • Defensive Qi points • Less dynamic than other
•
••
Dynamic Fire points in Yin concentrates at this Transporting points
Used to expel pathogenic channels and Water point
factors points in Yang channels

Departure of Qi Convergence Entry of pathogens Concentration Joins body circulation

Points I Point Categories

 ACUPUNCTURE 143

ACTIONS OF THE FIVE SHU POINTS (FCM & MANUAL)

Compilation of Acupuncture SPIRITUAL PIVOT
Classic of Difficulties
and Moxibustion Season Symptomatology
JING-WELL Fullness be low the HT, LV
Fulln ess und er t he hea rt Winter For Yin organs
path ogen

YING-SPRING Heat of t he body, HT Wh en th ere is a chan ge in compl exion

Hot se nsation s of th e body Sprin g
pathogen co lor
Feelin g of heavin ess and Heaviness of t he body, SP
SHU-STREAM Summ er Intermittent symptom s
joint pain path ogen
Breathless ness, cough and Dys pn oea, cough, chills and
JING-RIVER Late summer Wh en voi ce is affect ed
hot and cold se nsations fever, LU pathogen

HE-SEA Counterfl ow qi an d Sto mach di sease, di sorders resulting from

Rebelliou s Qi and diarrh ea Autu mn
diarrh oea, KD pat hogen irreg ul ar eating and drinking

SPIRITUAL PIVOT CH.4 SPIRITUAL PIVOT CH.6

Ying-Spring Skin Ya ng wit hin Ya ng He-Sea points of Ya ng channels
(Ya ng) Chann el disord ers Sinews/Bones Yin with in Ya ng Jing-River po ints of Yin chann els
Shu-Stream
Yang organs Ya ng within Yin Co nn ecting points
He-Sea (Yang) Organ disorders Yin organs Yi n within Yin Yin g-Spring & Shu -Strea m points of Yin chann els

2. FIVE ELEMENT POINTS (FIVE PHASE POINTS Ili'T'A)

LU Ll ST SP HT Sl UB KD PC SJ GB LV
Mother 9 11 41 2 9 3 67 7 9 3 43 8
Horary 8 1 36 3 8 5 66 10 8 6 41 1
Child 5 2 45 5 7 8 65 1 7 10 38 2

CD Yin channel's Jing-Well point belongs to Wood , Yang channel' s Jing-Well point belongs to Metal. (Nanjing Ch .64)
(2) In case of Deficiency tonify the Mother, In case of Excess drain the Child . (Nanj i ng Ch .69)

3. YUAN-SOURCE POINTS (YUAN-PRIMARY POINTS IJlt'A)

EARTH HEAVEN HUMAN
LU I Ll J ST I SP HT I Sl I UB I KD PC I SJ I GB I LV
9 I 4 I 42 I 3 7 I 4 I 64 J 3 7 I 4 I 40 I 3

CD Direct relationship to the prenatal Qi

(2) Used in evaluation by palpation, because they reflect the state of the prenatal Qi of each organ
® Tonify the Yin and Yang organs
® The combination of Yuan (host) and Luo (guest ) : enhance th e treatment, Yuan (primary) + Luo (supplementary)

4. LUO-CONNECTING POINTS (CONNECTING POINTS ~'A )

EARTH HEAVEN HUMAN

LU I Ll I ST I SP HT I Sl I UB I KD PC I SJ I GB I LV
7 I 6 I 40 I 4 5 j 7 I 58 I 4 6 I 5 I 37 I 5

CD Tonify the deficient meridian's Luo-connecting or sedating the Excess meridian's Luo-connecting
(2) If the CD is Shi and the ® is Xu , sedate the Luo -connecting on the CD, or tonify the Luo-connecting on the ®
® Tonify the Yin organs, Sedate Yang organs
® Often used for superficial channel problems as oppose d to internal problem
® Used in conjunction with the Yuan-Source poi nt s

5. XI-CLEFT POINTS (ACCUMULATION POINTS ~'A )

EARTH HEAVEN HUMAN

LU I Ll I ST I SP HT I Sl I UB I KD PC I SJ I GB I LV
6 j 7 j 34 I 8 6 I 6 I 63 I 5 4 I 7 I 36 I 6
CD Qi and Blood of the channel gathers deeply
(2) Primarily for acute painful or stubborn condition s
® Usually used for Excess conditions and appli ed w ith a sedation method

Points I Point Categories

144 ACUPUNCTURE

6. BACK-SHU POINTS (BACK-TRANSPORTING POINTS = ASSOCIATED POINTS 1\'tcr'll:)

,, EM1'ff '
REA..,, RIJMAtl
LU I Ll I ST I SP HT I 51 I UB I KD PC I SJ I GB I LV
UB13 I UB25 I UB21 I UB20 UB15 I UB27 I UB28 I UB23 UB14 I UB22 I UB19 I UB18
CD Best for treating the Zang organs because they are located on the Yang portion of the body
(2) Yang character, more used in chronic diseases; however can also be used in acute ones

7. FRONT-MU POINTS (FRONT-COLLECTING POINTS = ALARM POINTS ~'II:)

', ',; ~ ",. r ; . <<~c ' JJ!Nfttt' ;c < • A;;;; ,','i 'REAVE•'', c'' .. ::• '' ;;,~ ·,,,/
LU I Ll ST I SP HT I 51 I UB l KD PC SJ GB I LV
LUl I ST25 I RN12 LV13 RN14 I RN4 I RN3 I GB25 RN17 RNS GB24 I LV14
CD Best for treating the Fu organs because they are located on the Yin portion of the body.
(2) Yin character, more used in acute diseases; however can also be used in chronic ones

8. EIGHT INFLUENTIAL POINTS (GATHERING POINTS = HUI-MEETING POINTS i\fi'll:)

lANG l,,'. ,, ~.,,,. P' QJ• r Bl.Ooo I SINEWS I vasa l qe < ;MARlOw
LV13 I RN12 I RN17 I UB17 I GB34 I LU9 I UB11 GB39
CD Listed for the first time in the "Classic of Difficulties"
(2) The Chinese character 'Hui' denoting these points means 'to gather' or 'to meet' and 'to collect'
® Points that influence certain organs, types of Qi and tissues
@ The Qi of organs and tissues 'gathers' at these points
. ,,,. . ;',' ...
~-,··
!:;;;• :~·••; § ,~. i . .....,,,. c\" ,,';,,,
'
,,'i;,•; •]:• . ·i "' .,:. '•,:,•y·;i••
lANG LV13 Tonify SP itself as well as all the Zang and the body as a whole
FU RN12 Transforming and distributing the essence of food and drink throughout the body
Ql RN17 LU functions (respiration and speech), HT function (blood and blood vessels)
BLOOD UB17 Any disorder arising from blood heat, blood stasis or blood deficiency
SINEWS GB34 Influence the sinews throughout the body
VESSEL LU9 Harmonize the relationship between the gathering qi and the blood flowing in the vessels
BONE UB11 Various bone diseases (rigidity and pain of the neck/spine/lumbar region, Bone Bi)
MARROW GB39 Benefits the sinews and bones (weakness, flaccidity, contraction and pain of the limbs)

9. EIGHT CONFLUENT POINTS (OPENING POINTS i\JIIi3i:fi'll:)

.... ,·,
'
,,ifMo. a foot FOOt a ~tAN~)'
;
;

REN YIN QIAO DU YANG QIAO DAI YANG WEI CHONG ······' YIN WEI
LU7 KD6 513 UB62 GB41 SJS SP4 PC6
echest ·.•~r leg
·.
•. bad< ..
· ::
tt .81Jter leg' • watst •.head • aJ:)domen '•abdcmten
• abdomen • eyes • spine ; • Wyes • chest •. sid,s of body
For disorders of For throat wind For diseases of To expel cold For disorders of For injury by For abdominal For disorders of
the head (swelling and the DU vessel and heat and the eyes cold to the pain below the the chest
region, rebellion pain with and for mania- to treat exterior umbilicus
and blockage of difficulty in depression one-sided and accompanied by
phlegm and swallowing) generalized headache
areas of the head-wind and
body fright

..
Ll<ANI'\•' _,, · "
;FOOT - HANOt:• ,'fOOT •• .. i,i .. fOOl:<·+ ; :; . ~"HAND·+ fOOl- HAND-
EARTH ~ HEAVEN HEAVEN ~ HEAVEN HUMAN ~ HUMAN EARTH ~ HUMAN
• Area: Lungs, throat, chest,
diaphragm, abdomen
• Area: Inner canthus, neck,
scapula, spine/back/brain
• Area: Ear, cheek, outer
canthus, shoulder, neck,
• Area: Heart, chest, stomach,
abdomen, inner aspect of
occiput legs

• S/S: Hernia, abdominal

masses, Yin excess, eyes
• S/S: Stiffness or weakness of
spine, Yang excess, eyes
• S/S: Fullness abdomen,
'sitting in water', hot-cold
• S/S: Rebellious Qi, internal
urgency, heart pain
closed open

Points I Point Categories

 ACUPUNCTURE 145

10. LOWER HE-SEA POINTS (LOWER UNITING POINTS T<%-71: )

3 ARM YANG 3 LEG YANG

Ll I Sl I SJ ST I UB l GB
ST37 I ST39 I UB39 ST36 I UB40 l GB34
CD Treat illnesses of the Six Fu organs
® Because they are located on the lower or Yin portion of the body, they treat Yang illnesses effectively
® Three Hand Yin channels (LI, Sl, SJ) have two sets of Sea points
• The Upper Sea points (Lill, S18, SJlO), used mainly for problems of the neck, shoulders, face, head
• The Lower Sea points (ST37, ST39, UB39), used mainly for problems of the relevant organs (LI, Sl, SJ)

11. FOUR COMMAND POINTS (I!:!JMiJ'fi:)

4 COMMANDS 5 COMMANDS 6 COMMANDS

MING DYNASTY FCM MANUAL
ST36 I UB40 I LU7 I Ll4 PC6 DU26
abdomen I lumbar, back I head, nape I face, mouth chest, lateral costal resuscitation

CD Mentioned in "Glorious Anthology of Acupunct ure and Moxibustion" by the Ming dynasty author Gao Wu
(2) Have the strongest and most general influence on a specific area

12. FOUR SEA POINTS ( I!!Lli'il:)

SEA of Ql SEA of BLOOD SEA of FOOD SEA of MARROW

(water/grain)
ST9 I RN17 I DU15 DU14 UBll I ST37 I ST39 ST30 I ST36 DU20 1 DU16

CD Mentioned in chapter 33 of the "Spiritual Axis"

(2) This ancient classification gives symptoms of disorders of the four seas as follows:
SEAS POINTS SYMPTOMS
•ST9 Full Fullness of the chest, breathlessness, red face
•RN17
Ql
•DU15
•DU14
Empty Shortness of breath, no desire to speak

•UB11 (upper) Full Feeling of body getting larger, feeling unwell without being able to pinpoint the trouble
BLOOD •ST37 (lower)
•ST39 (lower) Empty Feeling of body getting smaller, inability to pinpoint the trouble
Abdominal fullness
•ST30 (upper) Full
FOOD
•ST36 (lower)
Hungry but no desire to eat
Empty

•DU20 (upper) Full Full of vigour, great physical strength

MARROW
•DU16 (lower) Empty Dizziness, tinnitus, weak legs, blurred vision, a desire to lie down

13. GROUP LUO POINTS ( -=*'i'*ll'il: )

3 ARM YANG 3 ARM YIN 3 LEG YANG 3 LEG YIN

SJ8 PCS GB35 (GB39) SP6

CD Governs the movement of Qi and Blood between the 3 channel s

(2) To regulate the imbalance in the relationship of the Yin/Yang

.
14 ENTRY AND EXIT POINTS (J..t±HJ'ii:)
LU Ll ST SP HT Sl UB KD PC SJ GB LV

ENTRY 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
EXIT 7 20 42 21 9 19 67 22 8 22 41 14
CD Entry point : where the meridian begins on the main pathway
(2) Exit point : where the Qi of one channel leaves the channel to continue to the next channel
® The Combination of two points : drain or supplement the channels

Points I Point Categories

146 ACUPUNCTURE

.
15 WINDOW OF SKY POINTS (CELESTIAL-WINDOW POINTS 7':~7\ )

LING-SHU CHAPTER 21 I LING-SHU CHAPTER 2

ST9 I Lll8 I SJ16 I UBlO I LU3 I RN22 I Sll6 I Sll7 (GB9) I DU16 l PCl
CD Written in the "Spiritual Axis" in chapter 21 (5 points) and Chapter 2 (5 points)
(2) Seven out of these ten points contain the word 'Heaven (Tian) ' in their name
® All the points excepts two (PCl and LU3) are situated on the neck
@ Regulating the ascending and descending of Qi to and from the head
(5) Move the Yin to the upper body and move the Yang to the lower body
FCM MANUAL

• rebelliou s LU Qi (chest fulln ess, breathlessness)

ST9 • rebellious ST Qi (vomiting)
• rebellious LV Qi (heada che, dizziness)
Lll8 • rebellious LU Qi (cough, wheezing)
INDICATIONS OF WINDOW OF HEAVEN POINTS
SJ16 • rebelliou s LV Qi (headache, dizziness)
1. Cough or wheezing from rebellious LU Qi or
UBlO • rebelliou s LV Qi (heada che, dizziness)
vomiting from rebellious ST Qi
LU3 • rebelliou s LU Qi (cough, wh ee zing, breathl essness)
2. Headache and dizziness and heat, redness or
RN22 • rebelliou s LU Qi (cough, chest fullness, breathl essness)
• rebellious ST Qi (vomit ing) swelling of the face or eyes
Sll6 • rebelliou s LV Qi (head ache) 3. Goiter, scrofula or throat disorders

5117 • rebellious LU Qi (cough, wheezing, breat hlessness) 4. Sudden onset of disorders

• rebellious ST Qi (vomiti ng) 5. Emotional disorders

DU16
•• rebellious
rebellious
LU
ST
Qi
Qi
(breathl essness)
(vo mit ing)
6. Disorders of the sense organs

• rebellious LV Qi (hea dache, dizziness, hea d Wind)

PCl • rebellious LU Qi (cough, fulln ess of chest, breathl essness)

• reb ellious LV Qi (headache)

16. THIRTEEN GHOST POINTS (SUN 51 MIAO'S 13 DEVIL POINTS +.=:.%7\)

(j 9
Point DU26 LUll SPl PC7 UB62 DU16 ST6 RN24 PCS DU23 llll Haiquan
RNl Yumen
Name palace faith eye heart road pillow bed market cave hall hidden hidden leg seal

CD Formulated by Sun Si Miao in his "Thousand Golden Ducats Prescriptions" (AD 642)
C2l Used for severe mental illness such as manic depression or psychosis and epilepsy
® Used together in one treatment

17. TWELVE HEAVENLY STAR POINTS OF MA DAN-YANG ( 7':~+ = 7\ l

ST36 & ST44 I Llll & Ll4 I UB40 & UB57 I LV3 & UB60 I GB30 & GB34 J HTS & LU7
CD Listed by Ma Dan Yang (1123-1183) during the Jin dynasty. (11 Points by Ma Dan Ya ng + LV3 added later by Xu Feng)
C2l the most important points of the body capable of treating most diseases and all part of the body

18. NINE NEEDLES FOR RETURNING YANG ( §1~11it7\ ) (MANUAl ONLY)

Ll4
I ST36
I SP6
I KDl
I KD3
I PCS I GB30 I DUlS I RN12
CD Mentioned in "Glorious Anthology of Acupuncture and Moxibustion "
(2) For Yang Collapse characterized by loss of consciou sness, aversion to cold, cold counterflow of the limbs, purple lips

19. POINTS OF THE EYE SYSTEM (MU XI § ;¥; ) (FCM ONLY)

PERIORBITAL TEMPORAL OCCIPITAL

UBl I UB2
I GBl
I SJ23 I STl I Yuyao GB4 I GB5 I GB6 I GB7
I ST8 DU16 I UBlO I GB20
CD Described in chapter 80 of the "Spiritual Axis "
C2l Eye System
® Starts from the eye
@ Is connected to the UB, ST, SJ, GB channels around the eye (thus influencing the optic nerve)
(5) Communicates with the Brain (especially the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland)
® Cross 3 Yang ch annels (DU , UB, GB) on th e occiput
(J) Is connected to the extraordinary vessels (DU, Yin Qiao, Yang Qiao, Yang Wei)
® Points used for neurological, brain and mental disorders (such as dizziness, tinnitus and mental-emotional problems)

Points I Point Categories

 ACUPUNCTURE 147

20. CROSSING POINTS (MEETING POINTS 'li:ti'A) MNL & CAM (INCLUDING THE ANCIENT TEXT INFORMATION)
(1) In the course of channel pathways, many of t he channels intersect other channels at specific points
(2) Influence more than one channel, and are frequently used for this purpose in clinical practice

12 PRIMARY CHANNELS 8 EXTRA VESSELS

Yang Yin Yang Yin
Wei Wei Qiao Qiao ~
LU Ll ST SP HT 51 UB KD PC SJ GB LV Ren Du Dai
LUl ... ...
Ll14 ... ... ...
LllS ... ...
Ll16 ... ...
Ll20 ... ...
STl ... ... ...
ST3 ... ...
ST4 ... ... ... ...
ST7 ... ...
STS ... ... ...
ST9 ... ...
ST12 ... ... ... ... ...
ST30 ... ...
SP6 ... ... ...
SP12 ... ... ...
SP13 ... ... ...
SP16 ... ...
SilO ... ... ... ...
5112 ... ... ... ...
5118 ... ...
5119 ... ... ...
UBl ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
UB11 ... ... ... ... ...
UB12 ... ...
UB31 ... ...
UB32 ... ...
UB33 ... ...
UB34 ... ...
UB41 ... ...
UB59 ... ...
UB61 ... ...
UB62 ... ...
UB63 ... ...
KD9 ... ...
KD11 ... ...
KD12 ... ...
KD13 ... ...
KD14 ... ...
KD15 ... ...
KD16 ... ...
KD17 ... ...
KD18 ... ...
KD19 ... ...
KD20 .... ...
KD21 .... ...
PCl ... ... ... ...
SJ13 ... ...
SJ15 ... ... ...
SJ17 .... ...
SJ20 ... ... ....
SJ22 .... ... ...

Points I Point Categories

148 ACUPUNCTURE

12 PRIMARY CHANNELS 8 EXTRA VESSELS

Yang Yin Yang Yin
Qiao Qiao ~
LU Ll ST SP HT Sl UB KD PC SJ GB LV Ren Du Dai
Wei Wei
GBl .... .... ....
GB3 .... .... .... ....
GB4 .... .... .... ....
GBS .... .... .... ....
GB6 .... .... .... ....
GB7 .... ....
GBS .... ....
GB9 .... ....
GBlO .... ....
GBll .... .... .... ....
GB12 .... ....
GB13 .... ....
GB14 .... .... .... .... ....
GBlS .... .... ....
GB16 .... ....
GB17 .... ....
GB18 .... ....
GB19 .... ....
GB20 .... .... .... ....
GB21 .... .... .... ....
GB23 ....
GB24 .... ....
GB25 ....
GB26 .... ....
GB27 .... ....
GB28 .... ....
GB29 .... ....
GB30 .... ....
GB35 .... ....
LV13 .... ....
LV14 .... .... ....
DUl .... .... .... ....
DU13 .... ....
DU14 .... .... .... .... .... .... ....
DUlS .... ....
DU16 .... ....
DU17 .... ....
DU20 .... .... .... .... ....
DU24 .... .... ....
DU26 .... .... ....
DU28 .... .... ....
RNl .... .... ....
RN2 .... ....
RN3 .... .... .... ....
RN4 .... .... .... ....
RN7 .... .... ....
RNlO .... ....
RN12 .... .... .... ....
RN13 .... .... ....
RN17 .... .... .... .... ....
RN22 .... ....
RN23 .... ....
RN24 .... .... .... ....

Points I Point Categories

 ACUPUNCTURE 149

MEASURING METHODS

PROPORTIONAL MEASUREMENT

FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW BACK VIEW

DISTANCE
BODY PART CUN METHOD
FROM TO
Eyebrows Anterior hairline 3 Longitudinal
Anterior hairline Posterior hairline 12 Longitudinal
HEAD
Posterior hairline DU14 3 Longitudinal
Left mastoid process Right mastoid process 9 Transverse
Sternocostal angle Umbilicus 8 Longitudinal
CHEST &
ABDOMEN
Umbilicus Superior border of the Symphysis pubis 5 Longitudinal
Left Nipple Right Nipple 8 Transverse
BACK M edial border of scapula Posterior midline 3 Transverse
LATERAL CHEST End of the axillary fold on the latera I chest Tip of the 11th rib 12 Longitudinal
UPPER End of the axi llary fold Transverse cubital crease 9 Longitudinal
EXTREMITIES Transverse cubita l crease Transverse wrist crease 12 Longitudinal
Level of the superior border of symphysis pubis Medial epicondyle of fem ur 18 Longitudinal
LOWER Protuberance of the great trochanter Middle of patella 19 Longitudinal
EXTREMITIES Inferior border of the medial condyle of tibia Ti p of the medial malleolus 13 Longitudinal
Knee crease Tip of the lateral malleolus 16 Longitudinal

FINGER MEASUREMENT

3cun
1 ~n

Points I Measuring Methods

150 ACUPUNCTURE

POINT LOCATIONS

REN MERIDIAN
LOCATION
RNl Between the anus and the root of the scrotum in males and between the anus and posterior labial commissure in females
RN2 On t he midpoint of the upper border of the symphysis pubis
RN3 On the midpoint of abdomen, 4cun below the umbilicus
RN4 On the midpoint of abdomen, 3cun below the umbilicus
RNS On the midpoint of abdomen, 2cun below the umbilicus
RN6 On the midpoint of abdomen, 1.5cun below the umbilicus
RN7 On the midpoint of abdomen, lcun below the umbilicus
RN8 In the center of the umbilicus
RN9 On the midline of the abdomen, lcun above the umbilicus
RNlO On the midline of the abdomen, 2cun above the umbilicus
RNll On the midline of the abdomen, 3cun above the umbilicus
RN12 On the midline of the abdomen, 4cun above the umbilicus
RN13 On the midline of the abdomen, 5cun above the umbilicus
RN14 On the midline of the abdomen, 6cun above the umbilicus
RNlS Below the xiphoid process, 7cun above the umbilicus: locate the point in supine position with the arms uplifted
RN16 On the midline of the sternum, at the level with the 5th intercostal space
RN17 On the anterior midline, at the level with the 4th intercostal space, midway between the nipples
RN18 On the anterior midline, at the level with the 3rd intercostal space, midway between the nipples
RN19 On the anterior midline, at the level with the 2nd intercostal space, midway between the nipples
RN20 On the anterior midline, at the midpoint of the sternal angle, at the level with the 1st intercostal space
RN21 On the anterior midline, in the center of the sternal manubrium, lcun below RN22
RN22 In the center of the suprasterna l fossa
RN23 Above the Adam's apple, in the depression of the upper border of the hyoid bone
RN24 In the depression in the center of the mentolabial groove

DU MERIDIAN
lOCATION
DUl Midway between the tip of the coccyx and the anus, locating the point in prone position
DU2 In the hiatus of the sacrum
DU3 Below the spinous process of the 4th lumbar vertebra, at the level with the iliac crest
OU4 Below the spinous process of the 2nd lumbar vertebra
DUS Below the spi nous process of the 1st lumbar vertebra
DUG Below the spinous process of the 11th thoracic vertebra
DU7 Below the spinous process of the lOth thoracic vertebra
DU8 Below the spinous process of the 9th thoracic vertebra
DU9 Below the spinous process of the 7th thoracic vertebra
DUlO Below the spinous process of the 6th thoracic vertebra
DUll Below the spinous process of the 5th thoracic vertebra
DU12 Below the spinous process of the 3rd thoracic vertebra
DU13 Below the spinous process of the 1st thoracic vertebra
DU14 Below the spinous process of the 7th cervica l vertebra, approximately at the level of the shoulders
DUlS 0.5cun directly above the midpoint of posterior hairline, in the depression be low the spinous process of 1st cervical vertebra
DU16 lcun above midpoint of posterior hairline, below external protuberance, in depression between m. trapezius of both sides
DU17 On the midline of the head, 1.5cun directly above DU16, superior to the externa l occipital protuberance
DU18 On the midline of the head, 1.5cun direct ly above DU17, midway between DU16 and DU 20
DU19 On the midline of the head, 1.5cun directly above DU18
DU20 On the midline of the head, 7cu n above posterior hairline, approximately on midpoint of line connecting apexes of two auricles
DU21 On the midline of the head, 1.5cun anterior to DU20
DU22 2cun posterior to the midpoint of the anterior hairline, 3cun anterior to DU 20
DU23 l cun directly above the midpoint of the anterior hairline
DU24 O.Scun directly above the midpoint of the anterior hairline
DU25 On the tip of t he nose
DU26 A little above the midpoint of t he philtrum, near the nostrils
OU27 On the median tubercle of the upper lip, at the junction of the skin and upper lip
DU28 At the junction of the gum and the frenulum of the upper lip

Points I Point Locations

 ACUPUNCTURE 151

LU MERIDIAN OF HAND-TAIYIN
LOCATION
LUl Laterosuperior to the sternum at the lateral side of the 1st intercostal space, 6cun lateral to the Ren Meridian
LU2 In the depression below the acromial extremity of the clavicle, 6cun lateral to the Ren Meridian
LU3 On the medial aspect of the upper arm, 3cun below the end of axillary fold, on the radial side of m. biceps brachii
LU4 On the medial aspect of the upper arm, 1cun below LU3, on the radial side of m. biceps brachii
LUS On the cubital crease, on the radial side of the tendon m. biceps brachii; This point located with the elbow slightly flexed
LUG On the palmar aspect of the forearm, on the line joining LU9 and LUS, 7cun above the transverse crease of the wrist
LU7 Superior to the styloid process of the radius, 1.5cun above the transverse crease of the wrist
LU8 1cun above the transverse crease of the wrist, in the depression on the lateral side of the radial artery
LU9 At the radial end of the transverse crease of the wrist, in the depression on the lateral side of the radia l artery
LUlO On the radial aspect of the midpoint of the 1st metacarpal bone, on the junction of the red and white skin
LUll On the radial side of the thumb, about 0.1cun posterior to the corner of the nail

Ll MERIDIAN OF HAND-YANGMING
LOCATION
lll On the radial side of the index finger, about 0.1cun posterior to the corner of the nail
ll2 On the radial side of the index finger, distal to the metacarpal-phalangeal joint, at the junction of the red and white skin
ll3 The point is on the radial side of the index finger, in the depression proxima l to t he head of the 2nd metacarpal bone
ll4 On dorsum of the hand, between 1st and 2nd metacarpal bones, in the middle of the 2nd metacarpal bone on radia l side.
LIS When the thumb is tilted upward, it is in the depression between the tendons of m. extensor pollicis longus and brevis
LIG With the elbow f lexed and the radial side of arm upward, the point is on the line joining LIS and Llll, 3cun above Ll15
ll7 With the elbow flexed and the radial side of arm upward, the point is on the line joining LIS and Llll, Scun above Ll15
LIS On the line joining LIS and Llll, 4cun below Llll
ll9 On the line joining LIS and Ll11, 3cun below Llll
lllO On the line joining LIS and Llll, 2cun below Llll
llll In depression at the latera l end of the transverse cubital crease, midway between LUS and lateral epicondyle of humerus
ll12 Superior to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, about 1cun superolateral to Ll11, on the medial border of the humerus
lll3 Superior to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, on the line joining Ll11 and Ll15, 3cun above Llll
ll14 On the line joining Llll and Ll15, 7cun above Llll, on the radial side of the humerus, superior to lower end of m. deltoideus
lllS When the arm is in fu ll abduction, point is in the depression appearing at the anterior border of the acromioclavicular joint
ll16 In the upper aspect of the shou lder, in the depression between the acromial extremity of the clavicle and the scapular spine
ll17 On the lateral side of the neck, 1cun below Ll18, on the posterior border of m. sternocleidomastoideus
ll18 On the lateral side of the neck, level with the tip of Adam's apple, between the sternal head and clavicular head of m. SCM
ll19 Right below the lateral margin the nostril. O.Scun lateral to DU26
ll20 In the nasolabia l groove, at the level of the midpoint of the lateral border of ala nasi

ST M ERIDIAN OF FOOT-YANGMING
LOCATION
STl With the eyes looking straight forward, the point is directly below the pupil, between the eyeball and the infraorbital ridge
ST2 Below STl, in the depression at the infraorbital foramen
ST3 Directly below ST2, at the level of the lower border of ala nasi, on the lateral side of the nasolabial groove
ST4 Latera l to the corner of the mouth, directly below ST3
STS On the anterior border of the attached portion of m. masseter, in the groove-like depression appearing with cheek is bulged
STG One finger breadth anterior and superior to lower angle of mandible where m. masseter attaches at the prominence of muscle
ST7 At the lower border or the zygomatic arch, in the depression anterior to the condyloid process of the mandible
ST8 O.Scun within the anterior hairline at the corner of the forehead, 4.5cun lateral to DU24
ST9 Level with the tip of Adam's apple, just of the course of the common carotid artery, on the anterior border of m. SCM
STlO At the midpoint of the line joining ST9 and STll, on t he anterior border of m. ste rnocleidomastoideus
STU At the superior border of the sternal extremity of the clavicle, between the sternal head and clavicular head of m. SCM
ST12 In the midpoint of the supraclavicular fossa, 4cun lateral to the Ren Meridian
ST13 At the lower border of the middle of the clavicle, 4cun lateral to Ren Meridian
ST14 In the 1st intercostal space, 4cun lateral to the Ren M erid ian
STlS In the 2nd intercostal space, 4cun latera l to the Ren Meridian
ST16 In the 3rd intercostal space, 4cun lateral to the Ren Meridian
ST17 In the 4th intercostal space, 4cun lateral to the Ren Meridian
ST18 In t he 5th intercosta l space, 4cun lateral to the Ren Meridian
ST19 6cun above the umbilicus, 2cun lat era l to the RN14
ST20 Scun above the umbilicus, 2cun latera l to the RN13
ST21 4cun above the umbilicus, 2cun lateral to the RN12

Points I Point Locations

152 ACUPUNCTURE

ST22 3cun above the umbilicus, 2cun lateral to the RNll

ST23 2cun above the umbilicus, 2cun lateral to the RNlO
ST24 lcun above the umbilicus, 2cun lateral to the RN9
ST25 2cun lateral to the center of the umbilicus
ST26 1cun below the umbilicus, 2cun lateral to the RN7
ST27 2cun below the umbilicus, 2cun lateral to the RN5
ST28 3cun below the umbilicus, 2cun lateral to the RN4
ST29 4cun below the umbilicus, 2cun lateral to the RN3
ST30 5cun below the umbilicus, 2cun lateral to the RN2
ST31 Lower border of the symphysis pubis, in the depression on the lateral side of m. sartorius when the thigh is flexed
ST32 6cun above the laterosuperior border of the patella, in m. rectus femoris
ST33 3cun above the laterosuperior border of the patella
ST34 When the knee is flexed, the point is 2cun above the laterosuperior border of the patella
ST35 When the knee is flexed, the point is at the lower border of the patella, in the depression lateral to the patellar ligament
ST36 3cun below ST35, one finger breadth from the anterior crest of the tibia, in m. tibialis anterior
ST37 3cun below ST36, one finger breadth from the anterior crest of the tibia, in m. tibialis anterior
ST38 3cun below ST37, midway between ST35 and ST41
ST39 3cun below ST37, one finger breadth from the anterior crest of the tibia, in m. tibialis anterior
ST40 8cun superior to the external malleolus, about one finger breadth lateral to ST38
ST41 Transverse crease of the ankle joint, in the depression between the tendon of m. extensor digitorum longus and hallucis longus
ST42 At the highest point of the dorsum, in the depression between the 2nd and 3rd metatarsal bones and the cuneiform bone.
ST43 In the depression distal to the junction of the 2nd and 3rd metatarsal bones.
ST44 Proximal to the web margin between 2nd and 3rd toes, in the depression distal and lateral to the 2nd metatarsodigital joint
ST45 on the lateral side of the 2nd toe, O.lcun posterior to the corner of the nail

SP MERIDIAN OF FOOT-TAIYIN
.,
·-·· ... - ...
LOCATION
SPl On the medial side of the great toe, 0.1cun posterior to the corner of nail
SP2 On the medial side of the great toe, distal and inferior to the 1st metatarsodigital joint, at the junction of red and white skin
SP3 Proximal and inferior to the head of the 1st metatarsal bone, at the junction of the red and white skin
SP4 In the depression distal and inferior to the base of the 1st metatarsal bone, at the junction of the red and white skin
SPS Midway between the tuberosity of the navicular bone and the tip of the medial malleolus
SP6 3cun directly above the tip of the medial malleolus, on the posterior border of the medial aspect of the tibia
SP7 3cun above SP6 on the line joining the tip of the medial malleolus and SP9
SPS 3cun below SP9, on the line connecting SP9 and the medial malleolus
SP9 On the lower border of the medial condyle of the tibia, in the depression on the medial aspect of the tibia
SPlO 2cun above the mediosuperior border of the patella, on the bulge of the medial portion of m. quadriceps femoral.
SP11 6cun above SP10, on the line drawn from SPlO to SP12
SP12 on the lateral side of the femoral artery, at the level of the upper border of symphysis pubis, 3.5cun lateral to RN2
SP13 0.7cun laterosuperior to SP12, 4cun lateral to the Ren Meridian
SP14 1.3cun below SP15, 4cun lateral to the Ren Meridian, on the lateral side of m. rectus abdominis
SPlS 4cun lateral to the center of the umbilicus, lateral to m. rectus abdominis
SP16 3cun above SP15, 4cun lateral to RNll
SP17 In the 5th intercostal space, 6cun lateral to the Ren meridian
SP18 In the 4th intercostal space, 6cun lateral to the Ren meridian
SP19 In the 3rd intercostal space, 6cun lateral to the Ren meridian
SP20 In the 2nd intercostal space, 6cun lateral to the Ren meridian
SP21 On the mid-axillary line, 6cun below the axilla, midway between the axilla and the free end of the 11th rib

HT MERIDIAN OF HAND-SHAOYIN
LOCATION
HTl When the upper arm is abducted, the point is in the center of the axilla, on the medial side of the axillary artery
HT2 3cun above the medial end of the transverse cubital crease (HT3), in the groove medial to m. biceps brachii
HT3 In the depression between the medial end of the transverse cubital crease and the medial epicondyle of the humerus
HT4 On the radial side of the tendon of m. flexor carpi ulnaris, 1.5cun above the transverse crease of the wrist
HTS On the radial side of the tendon of m. flexor carpi ulnaris, 1cun above the transverse crease of the wrist
HT6 On the radial side of the tendon of m. flexor carpi ulnaris, 0.5cun above the transverse crease of the wrist
HT1 At the ulnar end of the transverse crease, in the depression on the radial side of the tendon of m. flexor carpi ulnaris
HTS When the palm faces upward, the point is between the 4th and 5th metacarpal bones.
HT9 on the radial side of the little finger, about 0.1cun posterior to the corner of the nail

P,oints I Point Locations

 ACUPUNCTURE 153

Sl MERIDIAN OF HAND-TAIYANG
LOCATION
Sll On the ulnar side of the little f inger, about O.lcun posterior to the corner of the nail
Sl2 On the ulnar side, distal to the 5th metacarpophalangeal joint, at the junction of the red and white skin
Sl3 On the ulnar side, proximal to the 5th metacarpophalangeal joint, at the end of the transverse crease
S/4 On the ulnar side of the palm, in the depression between the base of the 5th metacarpal bone and the triquetra/ bone
SIS On the dorsal aspect of the wrist, in the depression between the styloid process of the ulna and the triquetra/ bone
S/6 When the palm faces the chest, the point is in the bony cleft on the radial side of the styloid process of the ulna
S/7 On the line joining SIS and S/8, Scun above SIS
SIS In the depression between the olecranon of the un/a and the medial epicondyle of the humerous
Sl9 When the arm is abducted, the point is lcun above the posterior end of the axillary fold
SilO When the arm is adducted, t he point is directly above S/9, in the depression inferior to the scapu lar spine
Sill At junction of upper and middle third of distance between lower border of scapular spine and inferior angle of the scapula
S/12 In the center of the suprascapular fossa, directly above Sill. When the arm is lifted, the point is at the site of the depression
Sl13 On the medial extrem ity of the suprascapular fossa, midway between SilO and the spinous process of 2nd thoracic vertebra
Sl14 3cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the 1st thoracic vertebra where DU13 is located
Sl15 2cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the 7th cervical vertebra
Sl16 In the lateral aspect of the neck, in the posterior border of m. sternocleidomastoideus, posterosuperior to L/18
Sl17 Posterior to the angle of mandible, in the depression on the anterior border of m. sternoc/eidomastoideus
S/18 Directly below the outer canthus, in the depression on the lower border of zygoma
Sl19 Anterior to the tragus and posterior to the condyloid process of mandible, in t he depression formed when the mouth is open

UB MERIDIAN OF FOOT-TAIYANG
LOCATION
UB1 O.lcun superior to the inner canthus
UB2 on the medial extremity of the eyebrow, or on the supraorbita l notch
UB3 directly above the medial end of the eyebrow, O.Scun within the anterior hairline, between D24 and UB4
UB4 l.Scun lateral to DU24 at t he junction of the medial third and lateral two thirds of the distance from DU24 to ST8
UBS l.Scun lateral to DU23, or O.Scun directly above UB4
UB6 l.Scun posterior to UBS, l.Scun lateral to the DU meridian
UB7 l.Scun posterior to UB6, l.Scun lateral to the DU meridian
UB8 l.Scun posterior to UB7, l.Scun lateral to the DU meridian
UB9 1.3cun lateral to DU17, on the lateral side of the superior border of the external occipital protuberance
UBlO 1.3cun lateral to DU15, in the depression on the latera l aspect of m. trapezius
UBll l.Scun lateral to DU13, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 1st thoracic vertebra
UB12 l.Scun lateral to DU meridian, at the /eve/ of the lower border of the spinous process of the 2nd thoracic vertebra
UB13 l.Scun lateral to DU12, at the /eve/ of the lower border of the spinous process of the 3rd thoracic vertebra
UB14 l.Scun lateral to DU meridian at the /eve/ of the lower border of the spinous process of the 4th thoracic vertebra
UB15 l.Scun lateral to DUll, at the /eve/ of the lower border of the spinous process of the 5th thoracic vertebra
UB16 l.Scun lateral to DUlO, at the /eve/ of the lower border of t he spinous process of the 6th thoracic vertebra
UB17 l.Scun lateral to DU9, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 7th thoracic vertebra
UB18 l.Scun lateral to DU8, at the /eve/ of the lower border of the spinous process of the 9th thoracic vertebra
UB19 l.Scun lateral to DU7, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of t he lOth thoracic vertebra
UB20 l.Scun lateral to DU6, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 11th thoracic vertebra
UB21 l.Scun lateral to DU meridian at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 12th thoracic vertebra
UB22 l.Scun lateral to DUS, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 1st lumber vertebra
UB23 l.Scun lateral to DU4, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 2nd lumber vertebra
UB24 l.Scun lateral to DU meridian at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 3rd lumber vertebra
UB25 l.Scun lateral to DU3, at the /eve/ of the lower border of t he spinous process of the 4th lumber vertebra
UB26 l.Scun lateral to DU meridian at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 5th lumber vertebra
UB27 l.Scun lateral to DU meridian at the level of the lower border of the 1st posterior sacral foramen
UB28 l.Scun lateral to DU meridian at the level of the lower border of the 2nd posterior sacral foramen
UB29 l.Scun latera l to DU meridian at the level of the lower border of the 3rd posterior sacral foramen
UB30 l.Scun latera l to DU meridian at the /eve/ of the lower border of the 4th posterior sacral foramen
UB31 In the 1st posterior sacral foramen
UB32 In the 2nd posterior sacral foramen
UB33 In the 3rd posterior sacral foram en
UB34 In the 4th posterior sacral foramen
UB35 On either side of the tip of the coccyx, O.Scun lateral to the Du meridian
UB36 In the middle of the transverse glutea l fold. locate the point in prone position.
UB37 6cun below UB36 on the line joining UB36 and UB40

Points I Point Locations

154 ACUPUNCTU R E

UB38 lcun above UB39 on the medial side of the tendon of m. biceps femori s. The point is locat ed with the knee slightly fle xed
UB39 lateral to UB40, on the medial border of the tendon of m. biceps femoris
UB40 Midpoint of the tra nsverse crease of the popliteal fossa. Between the tendons of m. biceps femori s and m. semitendinosus
UB41 3cun lateral to the DU meridian, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 2nd thoracic vertebra
UB42 3cun lateral to the DU meridian, at the level of the lower border of the spinou s process of the 3rd thoracic verteb ra
UB43 3cun latera l to the DU meridian, at the level of the lower bord er of the sp inou s process of the 4th thoracic vertebra
UB44 3cu n lateral to t he DU meridian, at the level of the lower border of the spinou s process of the 5th thoracic vertebra
UB45 3cun lateral to the DU meridian, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 6th thoracic vertebra
UB46 3cun lateral to the DU meridian, at the level of the lower border of the spinou s process of the 7th thoracic vertebra
UB47 3cun lateral to the DU8, at the level of the lower bord er of the spinous process of the 9th thoracic vertebra
UB48 3cun lateral to the DU7, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the lOth thoracic vertebra
UB49 3cun lateral to the DUG, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 11th thoracic vertebra
UBSO 3cun latera l to the DU meridian, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 12th thoracic vertebra
UBSl 3cun latera l to the DU5, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 1st lumbar vertebra
UBS2 3cun lateral to the DU4, at the level of the lower border of the spinous process of the 2nd lumbar vertebra
UBS3 3cun lateral to the DU meridian, at the level of the 2nd sacral posterior foramen
UBS4 lateral to the hiatu s of the sacrum, 3cun lateral to DU2
UBSS 2cun directly be low UB40, between the medial and lateral head s of m. ga strocnemiu s, on the line joining UB40 and UB57
UBSG M idway between UB55 and UB57, in the center of the belly of gastrocnemius.
UBS7 Directly below the belly of m. ga strocnemius, on the line joining UB40 and tendo calcaneus, about 8cun below UB40
UBSS 7cun directly about UB60, on the posterior border of f ibu la, about lcun inferior and lateral to UB57
UBS9 3cun directly about UB60
UBGO In the depression between the external ma lleolus and the tendo calcaneou s
UB61 posterior and inferior to the external malleolus, directly below UB60, in the depression of calcaneum
UB62 In the depression directly below the external mal leo lus
UB63 Anterior and inferior to UB62, in the depression lateral to the cuboid bone
UB64 Below the tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal bone, at the junction of the junction of the red and white skin
UBGS Posterior to the head of the 5th metatarsa l bone, at the junction of the junction of the red and white skin
UB66 In the depression anterior to the 5th metatarsophalangeal joint
UB67 On the latera l side of the small toe, about O.lcun posterior to the corner of the nail

KD MERIDIAN OF FOOT-SHAOYIN
LOCATION
KDl On the sole, ap proximately at the j unction of the anterior third and posterior two third s of the sole
KD2 Anterior and inferior to the med ial malleolus, in the depression on the lower border of the tuberosity of t he navicular bone
KD3 in the depression between the medial malleolus and tendo calcaneous, at the level with the tip of the medial malleolu s
KD4 posterior and inferior to the medial malleolus, in t he depression medial to the attachment of tendo calcaneous
KDS lcun directly be low KD3 in the depression anterior and superior to the medial side of the tuberos ity of the calcaneum
KDG In the depression of the lower border of the medial mal leolu s
KD7 2cun directly above KD3, on the anterior border of tendo ca lcaneus
KDS 0.5cun anterior to KD7, 2cun above KD3 posterior to the medial border of tibia
KD9 Scun directly above KD3 at the lower end of the belly of m. gastrocnemius, on the line drawn from KD3 to KDlO
KDlO On the medial side of the popliteal fossa , between the tendon s of m. semitendinosus and semimenbranosus
KDll 5cun be low the umbi licus, on the superior border of symphysis pubis, O.Scun lateral to RN2
KD12 4cun below the umbi licus, 0.5cun lateral to RN3
KD13 3cun below the umbilicus, 0.5cun lateral to RN4
KD14 2cun below the umbilicu s, 0.5cun lateral to RN5
KDlS lcun below the umbilicus, 0.5cun lateral to RN7
KD16 0.5cun lateral to the umbilicus, level with RN8
KD17 2cun above the umbilicu s, 0.5cun lateral to RNlO
KD18 3cun above the umbilicus, O.Scun lateral to RNll
KD19 4cun above the umbi licus, 0.5cun lateral to RN12
KD20 5cun above the umbilicus, 0.5cun lateral to RN13
KD21 6cun above the umbilicus, 0.5cun lateral to RN14
KD22 In the 5th intercostal space, 2cun lateral to the Ren meridian
KD23 In the 4th intercostal space, 2cun lateral to the Ren meridian
KD24 In the 3rd intercostal space, 2cun lateral to the Ren meridian
KD25 In the 2nd intercostal space, 2cun lateral to the Ren meridian
KD26 In the 1st intercostal space, 2cun lateral to the Ren meridian
KD27 In the depression on the lower border of the clavicle, 2cun lateral to th e Ren meridian

Points I Point Locations

 ACUPUNCTURE 155

PC MERIDIAN OF HAND-JUEYIN
LOCATION
PCl In the 4th intercostal space, 1cun lateral to the nipple
PC2 2cun below the level of the anterior axillary fold, between the two heads of m. biceps brachii
PC3 on the transverse cubital crease, at the ulnar side of the tendon of m. biceps brachii
PC4 Scun above the transverse crease of t he wrist, between the tendons of m. palmaris longus and m. flexor carpi radialis
PCS 3cun above the transverse crease of the wrist, between the tendons of m. palmaris longus and m. flexor carpi radialis
PC6 2cun above the transverse crease of the wrist, between the tendons of m. palmaris longus and m. flexor carpi radialis
PC7 In the middle of the transverse crease of the wrist, between the tendons of m. palmaris longus and m. flexor carpi radialis
PCB On the transverse crease of the palm, between the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones.
PC9 In the center of the tip of the middle finger

SJ MERIDIAN OF HAND-SHAOYANG
LOCATION
SJl On the lateral side of the ring finger, about 0.1cun posterior to the corner of the nail
SJ2 In the depression proximal to the margin of the web between the ring and small f ingers
SJ3 Between the 4th and 5th metacarpal bones, in the depression proximal to the metacarpophalangeal joint
SJ4 On the transverse crease of the dorsum of wrist, in the depression lateral to the tendon of m. extensor digitorum communis
SJS 2cun above SJ4, between the radius and ulna
SJ6 3cun above SJ4, between the radius and ulna, on the radial side of m, extensor digitorum
SJ7 At the level with SJ6, about one finger breadth lateral to SJ6, on the radial side of the ulna
SJ8 4cun above SJ4, between the radius and ulna
SJ9 On the lateral side of the forearm, Scun below the olecranon, between the radius and ulna
SJlO When the elbow is flexed, the point is in the depression about 1cun superior to the olecranon
SJll 1cun above SJlO when the elbow is flexed
SJ12 On the line joining the olecranon and SJ14, midway between SJll and SJ13
SJ13 On the line joining SJ14 and the olecranon, on the posterior border of m. deltoideus
SJ14 posterior and inferior to the acromion, in the depression about 1cun posterior to Ll15 when the arm is abducted
SJ15 Midway between GB21 and 5113, on the superior angle of the scapu la
SJ16 Posterior and inferior to mastoid process, on posterior border of m. sternocleidomastoideus, almost level with 5117 and UB10
SJ17 Posterior to the lobule of the ear, in the depression between the mandible and mastoid process
SJ18 At the junction of the middle and lower third of the curve formed by SJ17 and SJ20 posterior to the helix
SJ19 Posterior to the ear, at the junction of the upper and middle third of the curve formed by SJ17 and SJ20 behind the helix
SJ20 Directly above the ear apex, within the hair line
SJ21 In the depression anterior to the supratragic notch and slightly superior to the condyloid process of the mandible.
SJ22 Anterior and superior to SJ21, on the posterior border of the hairline of temple where the superficia l temporal artery passes
SJ23 In the depression at the lateral end of the eyebrow

GB MERIDIAN OF FOOT-SHAOYANG
LOCATION
GBl O.Scun latera l to the outer canthus, in the depression on the lateral side of the orbit
GB2 Anterior to the intertragic notch, at the posterior border of the condyloid process of the mandible
GB3 In front of the ear, on the upper border of the zygomatic arch, in the depression directly above ST7
GB4 Within hairline of the temporal region, at the junction of the upper 1/4 and lower 3/4 of the distance between ST8 and GB7
GBS Within hairline of the temporal region, midway of the border line connecting ST8 and GB7
GB6 Within hairline of the temporal region, at the junction of the lower 1/4 and upper 3/4 of the distance between ST8 and GB7
GB7 Directly above the posterior border of the preauricular hairline, about one finger breadth anterior to SJ20
GB8 Superior to the apex of auricle, l.Scun within the hairline
GB9 Directly above the posterior border of the auricle, 2cun within the hairline, about O.Scun posterior to GB8
GBlO Posterior and superior to the mastoid process, midway of the curve line drawn from GB9 to GBll
GBll Posterior and superior to the mastoid process, on the line connecting GB10 and GB12
GB12 In the depression posterior and inferior to the mastoid process
GB13 O.Scun within the hairline of the forehead, 3cun lateral to DU24
GB14 On the forehead, 1cun directly above the midpoint of the eyebrow
GB15 Directly above GB14, O.Scun within the hairline, midway between DU24 and ST8
GB16 l.Scun posterior to GB15, on the line connecting GB15 and GB20
GB17 l.Scun post erior to GB16, on the line connecting GB15 and GB20
GB18 l.Scun posterior to GB17, on the line connecting GB15 and GB20
GB19 Directly above GB20, at the level with DU17, on the lateral side of the external occipita l protuberance
GB20 In the depression between the upper portion of m . sternocleidomastoideus and m. trapezius, on the same level with DU16
GB21 midway between DU14 and the acromion, at the highest point of the shoulder
GB22 On the mid axillary line when the arm is raised, 3cun below the axilla

Points I Point Locations

156 ACUPUNCTURE

GB23 1cun anterior to GB22, approximately at the level with the nipple
GB24 One rib below LV14, directly below the nipple, in the 7th intercostal space
GB25 On the lateral side of the abdomen, on the lower border of the free end of the 12th rib
GB26 Directly below the fee end of the 11th rib where LV13 is located, at the level with the umbilicus
GB27 In the lateral side of the abdomen, anterior to the superior iliac spine, 3cun below the level of the umbilicus
GB28 Anterior and inferior to the anterior superior iliac spine, 0.5cun anterior and inferior to GB27
GB29 in the depression of the midpoint between the anterosuperior iliac spine and the great trochanter
GB30 At the junction of the lateral 1/3 and medial 2/3 of the distance between the great trochanter and the hiatus of the sacrum
GB31 On the midline of the lateral aspect of the thigh, 7cun above the transverse popliteal crease
GB32 On the lateral aspect of thigh, 5cun above the transverse popliteal crease, between m. vastus lateralis and m. biceps femoris
GB33 3cun above GB34, lateral to the knee joint, between the tendon of m. biceps femoris and femur
GB34 In the depression anterior and inferior to the head of the fibula
GB35 7cun above the tip of the external malleolus, on the posterior border of the fibula
GB36 7cun above the tip of the external malleolus, on the anterior border of the fibula
GB37 5cun directly above the tip of the external malleolus, on the anterior border of the fibula
GB38 4cun above and slightly anterior to the tip of the external malleolus, on the anterior border of the fibula
GB39 3cun above the tip of the external malleolus, in the depression between the posterior border of the fibula
GB40 Anterior and inferior to the external malleolus, in depression on the lateral side of the tendon of m. extensor digitorum longus
GB41 In depression distal to junction of the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones, on lateral side of tendon of m. extensor digiti minimi
GB42 Between the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones, on the medial side of the tendon of m. extensor digiti minimi of foot
GB43 On the dorsum of foot, between the 4th and 5th toe, proximal to the margin of the web
GB44 On the lateral side of the 4th toe, about 0.1cun posterior to the corner of the nail

LV MERIDIAN FOOT-JUEYIN
LOCATION i. '' ,< i.
LVl On the lateral side of the dorsum of the terminal phalanx of the great toe, between the lateral corner of the nail
LV2 On the dorsum of the foot between the 1st and 2nd toe, proximal to the margin of the web
LV3 On the dorsum of the foot, in the depression distal to the junction of the 1st and 2nd metatarsal bones
LV4 Midway between SP5 and ST41, in the depression on the medial side of the tendon of m. tibialis anterior
LVS 5cun above the tip of the medial malleolus, on the medial aspect and near the medial border of the tibia
LV6 7cun above the tip of the medial malleolus, on the medial aspect and near the medial border of the tibia
LV7 Posterior and inferior to the medial condyle of the tibia, in the upper portion of the medial head of m. gastrocnemius
LVS When knee is flexed, the point is in the depression above the medial end of the transverse popliteal crease
LV9 4cun above the medial epicondyle of the femur, between m. vastus medialis and m. sartorius
LVlO 3cun directly below ST30, on the lateral border of m. adductor longus
LVll 2cun directly below ST30, on the lateral border of m. adductor longus
LV12 Inferior and lateral to the pubic spine, 2.5cun lateral to the Ren Meridian, at the inguinal groove lateral and inferior to ST30
LV13 On the lateral side of the abdomen, below the free end of the 11th floating rib
LV14 Directly below the nipple, in the 6th intercostal space

Points I Point Locations

 ACUPUNCTURE 157

LANDMARKS OF THE TRUNK

FRONT
CENTER 0.5 CUN 2 CUN 4 CUN 6 CUN AREA ILLUSTRATIONS

~r
RN22
RN21 KD27 ST13 ,.d,..Z; "'
1st ICS RN20 KD26 ST14 LUl ( f?,( ·~~· .----..--:;;
-~ '"' •..•
2nd ICS RN19 KD25 STlS SP20
...."" I
~
~
I.'""::::::::;/'
•
3rd ICS RN18 KD24 ST16 SP19 '",.~. ~ r--
4th ICS RN17 KD23 ST17 I PCl l SP18 """4 ~ ~
5th ICS RN16 KD22 ST18 SP17
-................. -.....................................
7cun RNlS
6cun RN14 KD21 ST19

-~~
Scun RN13 KD20 ST20
4cun RN12 KD19 ST21
3cun RNll KD18 ST22 SP16

········--~~--~~~~~~{
2cun RNlO KD17 ST23
lcun RN9 ST24
.........
umbilicus RN8 KD16 ST25 SPlS GB26
... KDl6l _ S P IS

··::;-1-1 ~ ~~..
lcun RN7 KDlS ST26 Mf'l7 ~
S P 14
2cun RNS KD14 ST27 KO l l

RN4 """- S T2.

3cun RN4 KD13 ST28
R::3 ~ _, S Tl9

4cun
Scun
RN3
RN2
KD12
KDll
ST29
ST30 SP12(3.5cun) {\ ~ :r
/~
~•on
"'-sno

BACK
SACRAL
CENTER 1.5 CUN 3 CUN 3.5 CUN AREA ILLUSTRATIONS
FORAMEN

C7 DU14
J
T1 DU13 UBll 5114

2
s

T2 UB12 UB41 ~ • DU14

I
U811
T3 DU12 UB13 UB42
\ DUll
T4 UB14 UB43 I ~~~~ :
_:l l oun
T5 DUll UBlS UB44
I ~:;·
OUlO
J DUO
T6 DUlO UB16 UB45 i
·~ ous
T7 DU9 UB17 UB46 I~=~g DU7
DU6

TS Wei Guan Xia Shu '/L

I U622
_ nu<

DU4
T9 DU8 UB18 UB47
U824

no DU7 UB19 UB48 U 82S

U 826 '' DU3
Zhui Xia

I~
Tll DUG UB20 UB49
DU1
T12 UB21 UBSO
Ll DU S UB22 UBSl Pi Gen
L2 DU4 UB23 UB52 Jing Gong
L3 UB24
l4 DU3 UB25 Yao Van
y~ldu•
~
~::: -J. ~
L5 Shi Qi Zhui Xia UB26 U BZ$ S h l Q; Zhul Xi•

Sl UB31 UB27 - -=:] Vo o V on

52
53
UB32
UB33
UB28
UB29
UB53
=m~::~. .,..__G &so

S4 UB34 UB30 UB54 UB3.5 OU2

DU2 UB35

Points I Point Locations

158 ACUPUNCTURE

T RANSLATION OF POINT NAMES

I 9 IP iii I I
I 22 ~~ r~ Pass Gate Lesser Surge 37 1i9: r9 Gate of Abundance
EARTH CIRCUIT
I 23
24 *j'iW'f9C. Supreme Unity
Slippery flesh Gate Sl CHANNEL
38 ;* w
39 ~ ~
Superficial Cleft
Bend Yang

LU CHANNEL 25 7: 1li Celestial Pivot 1 :1-' jJ Lesser Marsh 40 ~ cp Bend Middle

cp M ft 41 m?t Attached Branch
'~ 2
1 l(f Central Treasury 26 !1} Outer Mound Front Valley

~ r9 27 g 3 if ffr Back Ravine 42 flli!JS Po Door

2
3 7: l(f
Cloud Gate
Celestial Storehouse 28
*
* iEt
Great Gigantic
Waterway 4 Jllii. ~ Wrist Bone 43
• f'l Gao Huang Shu

29 !!if 5 ~ ft Yang Valley 44 ~$ ~ Spirit Hall

4
5
19.: 8
R )i
Guarding White
Cubit Marsh 30 *
*t iii
Return
Surging Qi 6 it~ Nursing the Aged 45 ~ ~~ Yi Xi

6
7
l'L ir.:
~IJ fl:i:
Collection Hole
Broken Sequence
31
32
" ~~
ft ~
Thigh Joint
Crouching Rabbit
7
8
JZ: iE
'J' ;m
Branch to the Correct
Small Sea
46 Jllij B~
47 r,t r9
Diaphragm Pass
Hun Gate

8 *~ ~ Channel Ditch 33 ~ m Yin Market 9 F.l ~ Upright Shoulder 48 ~ ~ Yang Parameter

~

;~ 34 ~ li Beam Hill 10 1lill t.t Upper Arm Shu 49 ,f!!, ~ Reflection Abode
9
*f!!. Great Abyss
10
11 p 1m
~ Fish Border
Lesser Shang
35
36
lft
ij!=!J!
• Calf's Nose
Leg Three Mile
11
12
7:
~
.,.,
"'
m.
Celestial Gathering
Grasping the Wind
50 !!I ~
51 w r9
Stomach Granary
Huang Gate
37 _l~ Upper Great Hollow 13 8ll i.E! Crooked Wall 52 ~ ~ Will Chamber
ll CHANNEL 38 fll Q Ribbon Opening 14 F.l!Ytt.t Outer Shoulder Shu 53 ~f'l Bladder Huang
1 1m ~ Metal Yang 39 ~ Lower Great Hollow 15 li'i<Pt.t Central Shoulder Shu 54 *i! Sequent ial Limit
2
3
-
-
--
ra9
ra9
Second Interval
Third Interval
40
41
:!;:
Wl-ffr
'i Bountiful Bulge
Ravine Divide
16
17
7: ~
7: 'fi
Celestial Window
Celestial Countenance
55 .g. ~
56 jf\Jej
Yang Union
Sinew Support
4 .g. .g. Union Valley 42 iii ~ Surging Yang 18 liJj ~ Cheek Bone-hole 57 iJ\ w Mountain Support
5 ~ 1& Yang Ravine 43 'il
X Sunken Valley 19 1m -g Auditory Palace 58 1F1 m Taking Flight
"
6 i1il ff:. Veering Passageway 44 P-.1 ll! Inner Court 59 ~it ~ Instep Yang
7 j~ '"" Warm Dwelling 45 ~>t Severe Mouth UB CHANNEL 60 n Kunlun Mountains
8 T
,m

1 Hili llll Bright Eyes 61 ~ $ *

'* Lower Ridge
2 llt tt
Subservient Visitor
9
10
_l

'f~
'* Upper Ridge
Arm Three Mile 1 1\'1 8
SP CHANNEL
Hidden White 3 I§ iii
Bamboo Gathering
Eyebrow Ascension
62 $ ll!
63 ~ r9
Extending Vessel
Metal Gate
11 8ll )t!! Pool at the Bend 2 ~~ 4 8ll ji 64 ,?,. ~
12 IIi~ Elbow Bone-hole 3
*8 Great Metropolis
5 li~
Deviating Turn
65 ~
Capital Bone

13 'fH Arm Five Mile 4 *0 '!* Supreme White

Ancestor & Descendant 6 iJ\ 7t
Fifth Place
Light Guard *
66 )li_iiift
Bundle Bone
Foot Open Valley
14 ~ Jlil! Upper Arm 5 1m li Metal Hill 7 ;m 7: Celestial Connection 67 ~~ Reaching Yin
15 Ji!i IIIII Shoulder Bone 6 ~ Three Yin Intersection 8 *1\W Declining Connection
16 g ~ Great Bone 7 j,!ij ft Leaking Valley 9 3I ~:.1: Jade Pillow KD CHANNEL
17 7: ~~ Celestial Tripod 8 il!! ;jilt Earth's Crux 10 7: H: Celestial Pillar 1 j!Jl ~ Gushing Spring
18
19
t;lz~

Of: ~
Protuberance Assistant
Grain Bone-hole
9
10
~!t>'R
lilt ;m
Yin Mound Spring
Sea of Blood
11
12
*ff
m. r9
Great Shuttle
Wind Gate
2
3
?;!\ a-
ffr
Blazing Valley

20 if!! 1lf Welcome Fragrance 11 x r9 Winnower Gate 13 mli flll Lung Shu 4 * il
Great Ravine

12 iii r9 Surging Gate 14 ~ Jue Yin Shu 5

*
* ~
Large Goblet
Water Spring
ST CHANNEL 13 l(f ~ Bowel Abode 15 ,c_, t.t Heart Shu 6 ~~ ;m Shining Sea
1£ j'i/
,~

1 jf\ dL Tear Container 14 1m *5 Abdominal Bind 16 il- flll Governing Shu 7 Recover Flow
2 ~ 8 Four white 15 tili Great Horizontal 17 Jllij 1!« 8 3<: ;.,
3 g ~ Great Bone-hole 16 *
1m ~ Abdominal Lament 18 Iff 1!«
Diaphragm Shu
Liver Shu 9 ~ ~
Intersection Reach
Guest House
4 il!! ;t- Earth Granary 17 :t: Iii 19 lit flll 10 ~
Food Hole Gallbladder Shu
""" Yin Valley
5 if!! 18 7: ffr 20 Jl'1f 1!« ~
* Great Reception Celestial Ravine Spleen Shu 11 tili Pubic Bone

~-
6 19 ijli) J"JI 21 !!I 1!«
Jawbone Chest Village Stomach Shu 12 *~ Great Manifestation
7 T ll!l Below the Joint 20 WJ ~ All-Round Flourishing 22 =-~ Triple Burner Shu 13 *t 'A Qi Hole
ali: -§ Great Embracement 23 ~1!« ;..,
8
9 '*
Head Corner
Aim Man's Prognosis
21
* 24 !Mit.!
Kidney Shu
Sea-of-Qi Shu
14
15
~
cp ~i
Fourfold Fullness
Central Flow
10 *~ Water Prominence 25 ~ Large Intestin e Shu 16 w$ Huang Shu
11
12
~~
fl:i: "lt;
Qi Abode
Empty Basin
I HEAVEN CIRCUIT
I 26 ~
27 'l'>I!J."lllt
Origin Pass Shu
Small Intestine Shu
17
18
1m 8ll
:,:; ~~
Shang Bend
Stone Pass
13 *tJS Qi Door HT CHANNEL 28 ~ Bladder Shu 19 ~ ~B Yin Metropolis
14 ~ m Storeroom 1 ~ ~ Highest Spring 29 cp~ Central Backbone Shu 20 llh__iiift Abdomen Open Valley
15 ~ ~ Roof 2 j!f m Cyan Spirit 30 Bfi White Ring Shu 21 lil!l r9 Dark Gate
16 Ill ~ Breast Window 3 :1-' ;m Lesser Sea 31 _l ~ Upper Bone-hole 22 :!Ji- l!il Corridor Walk
17 ~ cp Breast Center 4 m iEt Spirit Pathway 32 :j: ~ Second Bone-hole 23 ~$ it Spirit Seal
18 ~ ~N Breast Root 5 ;m "- Connecting Village 33 9> ~ Central Bone-hole 24 m~ Spirit Ruins
19 1' 'fi Not Contained 6 ~ w Yin Cleft 34 T ~ Lower Bone-hole 25 ~$ til Spirit Storehouse
20 iJ\ ;ilj Assuming Fullness 7 ~$ r9 Spirit Gate 35 ~ ~ Meeting of Yang 26 §l cp Lively Center
21 ~ r9 Beam Gate 8 j..' l(f Lesser Mansion 36 Ji\ ~ Support 27 $ l(f Shu Mansion

Points I Tra n s lation

 ACUPUNCTURE 159

22 ;m Jill
I
Armpit Abyss
HUMAN CIRCUIT
23 fll1i1i
24 B .11
Sinew Seat
Sun and Moon
EXTRA VESSEl
II EXTRA POINTS
I
PC CHANNEl 25 r9
1 ~ !1!! Celestial Pool *
26 ~JIJK
Capital Gate
Girdling Vessel 1
•
REN CHANNEL
II! Meeting of Yin
1
2 * :¥:
~p
~ Supreme Yang
Hall of Impression
2 ~ ~ Celest ial Spring 27 :n~ Fifth Pivot 2 llll 'lit Curved Bone 3 ~'R Upper Ridge Spring
3 llll ii Marsh at the Bend 28 *itia Linking Path 3 q, @ Central Pole 4 lj::J;: Ear Apex
4 w r9 Cleft-Xi Gate 29 !iS~ Squatting Bone-hole 4 ~~ ][ Origin Pass 5 f!!. It Fish's Waist
5 r., iii! Int ermediary Courier 30 Jll!ljj; Jumping Round 5 :0 r9 Stone Gate 6 l!!lil<ll\~ Four Alert Spirit
6 r. 1m Inner Pass 31 mm- Wind Market 6 ~ ~ Sea of Qi 7 f1 Ht Behind the Ball
7 ~ Great Mound 32 q, itt 7 [It 3): ~1!:
8
* '8'
~ Palace of Toil 33 Mf!M~
Central River
Knee Yang Joint 8 ~$ M
Yin Intersection
Spirit Gate
8
9 :iifU
Adjacent to RN24
Golden Fluid Jade Humor

9 q, lti Central Hub 34 i!YJ!~'R

35 ~ 3):
Yang Mound Spring
Yang Intersection
9
10
*~ Water Divide
T Ill\: Lower Venter
10
11
• im Nose Passage
lE Pull Aright
SJ CHANNEL 36 ;>} li Outer Hill 11 lt~ Interior Strengthening 12 * l!ll
~ Shielding Brightness
1 ~~ fti Passage Hub 37 7t l!ll Bright Light 12 q, Ill\: Central Venter 13 'fl. iii: Peaceful Sleep
2 ill r9 Humor Gate 38 ~ fllj Yang Assistance 13 J: Ill\: Upper Venter 14 :;E 'Iii Calm Dyspnea
3 q, jofi Cent ral Islet 39 !t!!i£1 Suspended Bell 14 e W.ll Great Tower Gate 15 li¥1'E3iol!'! Huatuo's Paravertebral
4 fli !1!! Yang Pool 40 lil4 Hill Ruins 15 M~ Turtledove Tail 16 8~ Hundred Taxations
5 ?1- ~~ Outer Pass 41 ~'ii:li: Foot Falling Tears 16 q, II! Center Palace 17 ll!~Ht Pancreas Hollow
6 1[jJ'J Branch Ditch 42 ii!Bifi Earth 5 Convergence 17 ll'l q, Chest Center 18 ttln Below 17th Vertebra
43 i*f&
7
8 *'*
-==-
Convergence-gathering
3 Yang Connection 44 JED!
Pinched Ravine
Foot Portal Yin
18
19
:E :¥:
~ '8'
Jade Hall
Purple Palace
19
20
I t * Lumbar Extra
g ~R Root of Glomus
9 itt
1!!1 Four Rivers 20 j!j¥§ Florid Canopy 21 J! iH Lumbar eye
10 ~# Celest ial Well LV CHANNEL 21 ~~ Jade Pivot 22 T '8' Uterus
11
12
;~t;;MM
;-~ il
Clear Cold Abyss 1
2
*1-T fj(ra9 Large Pile 22
23
~ ~

~
Celestial Chimney 23
24
li'! IW
+ :§:
Shoulder Inner Mound

13 !lil!*
Dispersing Riverbed
Shoulder Convergence 3 :kfti
Moving Between
Great Surge 24 'iii* ~1!:
Ridge Spring
Sauce Receptacle 25 119*1
Ten Diffusions
Four Seams
14 ni~ Shoulder Bone-hole 4 q, it Mound Center 26 <f'.t! Centra I Boss
15 ~ ~ Celestial Bone-hole 5 ~ ~ Woodworm Canal DU CHANNEL 27 i\ ~B Eight Pathogens
16 ~l'i Celestial Window 6 q, l B Central Metropolis 1 ~ ~~ Long Strong 28 J; .fx St iff Neck
17 ~i\. Wind Screen 7 lit ~~ Knee Joint 2 It~ Lumbar Shu 29 !~MiA Lumbar Pain
18 ~I!Jit Spasm Vessel 8 llll ~ Spring at the Bend 3 !m.I!M lumbar Yang Pass 30 q, ~ Central Spring

19 .a .\!!. Skull Rest 9 ~-e! Yin Bladder oo r9

4 L>. Life Gate 31 - 8
- Two Whites
20 Pl 1* Angle Vertex 10 ~ Foot Five Mile 5 ~~ Suspended Pivot 32 ~ q, Central Arm
r9 [It 6 ~ q, 33 It-t ;1;: Tip of the elbow
21
22
lj:
:fll~
Ear Gate
Harmony Bone-hole
11
12 fg. '*
llli\
Yin Corner
Urgent Pulse 7 q,~
Spinal Center
Central Pivot 34 lll<f' Central round

23 m-~ Silk Bamboo Hole 13 • r9 Camphorwood Gate 8 1i1i*fii Sinew Contraction 35 i3M Shelter of 100 insects
14 WJr9 Cycle Gate 9 ~ fli Extremity of Yang 36 ll!li iH Knee eye

GB CHANNEL 10 m• Spirit Tower 37 llloi!V\ Appendix point

1 ~ Pupil bone-hole 11 ~$ ~ Spirit Path 38 urn Crane's summit

!it H: 39 ll1llfi\ Gallbladder point

~-~~
2 Auditory Convergence 12 Body Pillar

3 J: Upper Gate 13 f~ ~ Kiln Path 40 i \ Jl\. Eight Pathogens

4 ~li II Forehead Fullness 14 *.fft Great Hammer

5 !t!!i.O Suspended Skull 15 ill r9 Mute's Gate

6 !t!!iftlf Suspended Tuft 16 Jl\.lff Wind Mansion

7
8
llll
~
•s Temporal Hairline Curve
Valley Lead
17 !il\ J5
18 ~~ r.,
Brain's Door
Unyielding Space
9 ~ iti Celestial Hub 19 fi m Behind the Vertex
10
11
i~

~
8 Floating White
Head Portal Yin
20 i3
21 iW m
• Hundred Convergence
Before the Vertex
12 ~
7C 'lit Completion Bone 22 ~li. Fontanel Meeting
13 * ~$ Root Spirit 23 J: ~ Upper Star
14 JlJ.I; 8 Yang White 24 II$ ll:! Spirit Court
15 ~:U: Head Falling Tears 25 lfE ~ White Bone-hole
16 ~ :@; Eye Window 26 *~ Water Trough
17 lE ~ Upright Construction 27 Jt ~ Extremity of Mouth
18 7Ix m Spirit Support 28 ~ x Gum Intersection
19 ""' Brain Hollow
!il\ .:r:
20 i\. ;1!! Wind Pool
21 Ji\l # Shoulder Well

Points I Translation
160 ACUPUNCTURE

POINT LOCATION PICTURES

1. FACE

UB4

ST8

GB14 UB2

Yin Tang

BiTong
ST3
5118
ll1 9
ST4 ll20

Jia Cheng Jiang

RN24

2. SIDE OF THE HEAD

TaiYang
GB9

SJ 21 -~=,;.:.,~o....4-+L-.,.L-a
SI19 -----~~,....,;~.­
GB2 --~---4~~

GB12 SJ17

Points I Area Illustrations

 ACUPUNCTURE 161

3. EYE REGION

CROSSING CHANNELS AROUND THE EYES

• UBI : ST, Sl, Yang Qiao, Yin Qiao
• STl : Ren, Yang Qiao
YuYao • GBl: Sl, SJ

··.·
. .
~ ; .

UB1

4. TOP OF THE HEAD

UBS
GB18

DU20------------~-e L UB7

UB6

DU23

UB3
UB2

DU24

Points I Area Illustrations

162 ACUPUNCTURE

5. BACK OF THE HEAD

..,_---~--DU16

~-----r-t-- DU 15

6. NECK REGION
POINTS AROUND THE SCM MUSCLE
• Anterior of the SCM: Sl17, ST9, ST10
• Between 2 Heads of the SCM: Ll18, ST11
• Posterior of the SCM: SJ16, 5116, Ll17

clavicular head

Points I Area Illustrations

 ACUPUNCTURE 163

7. SHOULDER REGION AND LATERAL UPPER ARM

Ll14
SJ14
SJ12
Ll11
SJ10

Ll13

Ll15

8. UPPER ARM

LU4- +-

HT2 - + - - --e

Points I Area Illustrations

164 ACUPUNCTURE

9. LATERAL FOREARM

SJ 1 0 --T--+-•
SIS-4-+<•\

10. MEDIAL FOREARM

Points I Area Illustrations

 ACUPUNCTURE 165

11. DORSUM OF THE HAND

Yaotongxue

513 _ _ __,.

512 - ---41 Ll3

511

LuoZhen

12. PALM OF THE HAND

'

Points I Area Illustrations

166 ACUPUNCTURE < --~

13. CHEST

14. UPPER ABDOMEN

~------~----~----RN9
RNS

GB26 [.L
KD16
SP15

Points I Area Illustrations

 ACUPUNCTURE 167

15. LOWER ABDOMEN

ST25
KD16 SP15

RN8---+--------------
RN7--~~--~~--~
RN6----~r---------~-4
e------+---SP14
RNs--~----------~ KD13
RN4--4-~--------~--~ e---------~--ST28

RN3---r--~------~--• .-------~~--ST29

KD12

16. UPPER BACK

5114
5115

---DU14

DU13

Points I Area Illustrations

168 ACUPUNCTURE

17. LOWER BACK

Shi Qi Zhui Xia

UB27--~------~~
UB28--~~------• UB53
UB29--+-~----~~ UB32
UB30 ------+-+--- UB54

18. BACK (DU AND UB CHANNEL)

UB 11 ---?.c:;..;;o;;;;;
UB 12 --1--J-."'R=Diii
UB13-+-~~_,
UB 14 -+---1~..--,L-\--
UB 1 5 -+---,1-+-~ ~~-~-----~-~DU11
UB 16 -1--f--f---, ~-----lr------f---+ DU1 0
UB 17 -+--+~t---+ b---~-~--~DU9
WeiGuan Xia
UB18 ----+-k'7~~rta:. 'Z>-- - - - - t - = - " - - - - DUS
UB19 DU7
UB20 DU6
UB21----+~~~~~

UB22 --------~~~~~--------+-------- DUS

UB23 DU4
UB24 -----+~~~~~
UB2S------~~--~~~---------T------- DU3
UB26 Shi Qi Zhui Xia

Points I Area Illustrations

 ACUPUNCTURE 169

19. ANTERIOR THIGH

e::;...,_---LV11

LV10
adductor longus

ST32 ---'~M-_.
ST33 --4--~ v - t - - - - SP1 0
,_,__ _ _ LV9
ST34
e----LVS

20. ANTERIOR LOWER LEG

ST3S-----r-+~~~~-----XiYan

GB34--+-<:.

Points I Area Illustrations

172 ACUPUNCTURE

25. TOP OF THE FOOT

extensor digitorum longus extensor hallucis longus

tibialis anterior

SPS

GB41 --1--Hi/

GB42 -+--+-+•
ST43

LV2

UB67 1...,1-r-+IH+-- ST44

ST4S LV1

Points I Area Illustrations

 ACUPUNCTURE 171

23. LATERAL FOOT

UBS9·-++--e

UB62 UB64 UB66

24. MEDIAL FOOT

SP1 SP3 KD2

KD6
SP2 SP4

Points I Area Illustrations

172 ACUPUNCTURE

25. TOP OF THE FOOT

extensor digitorum longus extensor hallucis longus

tibialis anterior

SPS

GB41 --+--l--<l•t

GB42 -+--+--1-M.

ST43

LV2

UB67 1. ........-+t._.l--+--- ST44

ST45 LV1

Points I Area Illustrations

 ACUPUNCTURE 173

ACU-ANATOMY

REN MERIDIAN
VASCULATURE INNERVATION
RNl The branch of the perineal artery and vein The branch of the perineal nerve
The branches of the inferior epigastric artery and the
RN2
obturator artery The branch of the iliohypogastric nerve
RN3

RN4 Th e medial branch of the anterior cutaneous branch of the

The branches of superficial epigastric artery and vein, and the 12th intercostal nerve
RNS branches of inferior ep igastric artery and vein
The anterior cutaneous branch of the 11th intercostal nerve
RN6
RN7
The anterior cutaneous branch of the lOth intercostal nerve
RNS
RN9 The inferior epigastric artery and vein The anterior cutaneous branch of the 8th & 9th intercostal n.
RNlO
The anterior cutaneou s branch of the 8th intercostal nerve
RNll The branches of the superior and inferior epigastric arteries
RN12
RN13
The supe rior epigastric artery and vein The anterior cutaneous branch of the 7th intercostal nerve
RN14
RNlS
The medial branch of the anterior cutaneous branch of the
RN16
6th intercostal nerve
RN17 The anterior cutaneou s branch of the 4th intercostal nerve
RN18 The anterior perforating branches of the intercostal mammary The anterior cutaneous branch of the 3rd intercostal nerve
RN19 arte ry and vein The anterior cutaneous branch of the 2nd intercostal nerve
RN20 The anterior cutaneous branch of the 1st intercostal nerve
The anterior branch of the supraclavicular nerve and the
RN21
anterior cutaneou s branch of the 1st intercostal nerve
Superficially, the jugu lar arch and the branch of the inferior
RN22 thyroid artery; deeper, the trachea; inferiorly, at the posterior The anterior branch of the supraclavicular nerve
aspect of the sternum, the inominate vein and aortic arch
The branch of the cutaneous cervical nerve, the hypoglossal
RN23 The anterio r jugular vein
nerve, and the branch of the glossopharyngea l nerve
RN24 The branches of the inferior labial artery and vein The branch of the facial nerve

DU MERIDIAN
VASCULATURE INNERVATION
DUl The branches of t he inferior hemorrhoid artery and vein The posterior ramus of the coccygeal nerve, hemorrhoid nerve
DU2 The branches of the median sacral artery and vein Th e branch of the coccygeal nerve
DU3
DU4 The posterior branch of the lumbar artery The medial branch of the posterior ramus of the lumbar nerve
DUS
DU6 The posterior branch of the 11th intercostal artery The medial branch of the posterior ramus of 11th thoracic n.
DU7 The posterior branch of the lOth intercostal artery The medial branch of the posterior ramus of lOth thoracic n.
DUB The posterior branch of the 9th intercostal artery The medial branch of the posterior ramus of 9th thoracic n.
DU9 The posterior branch of the 7th i nte rcosta I artery The medial branch of the posterior ramus of 7th thoracic n.
DUlO The posterior branch of the 6th intercostal artery The medial branch of the posterior ramus of 6th thoracic n.
DUll The posterior branch of the 5th intercostal artery The medial branch of the posterior ramus of 5th thoracic n.
DU12 The posterior branch of the 3rd intercostal artery The medial branch of the posterior ramus of 3rd t horacic n.
DU13 The posterior branch of the 1st intercostal artery The medial branch of the posterior ramus of 1st thoracic n.
The posterior ramus of the 8th cervical nerve and the medial
DU14 The branch of the transverse cervical artery
branch of the posterior ramus of the 1st thoracic nerve
DUlS The branches of the occipital artery and vein The 3rd occipital nerve
The branches of the 3rd cervical nerve and the great occipital
DU16 The branches of the occipital artery
nerve
DU17
DU18 The branches of the occipital arteries and veins of both sides
DU19
The branch of the great occip ita l nerve
The anastomotic network formed by the superficial temporal
DU20 arteries and ve ins and the occip ital arteries and veins on both
sides

Points I Acu-Anatomy
174 ACUPUNCTURE

The anastomotic network formed by the right and left On the communicating site of the branch of the frontal nerve
DU21 with the branch of the great occipital nerve
superficial temporal arteries and veins
The anastomotic network formed by the right and left
DU22 superficial temporal arteries and veins and the frontal artery
and vein
The branch of the frontal nerve
The branches of the frontal artery and vein, and the branches
DU23
of the superficial temporal artery and vein
DU24 The branch of the frontal artery and vein
DU25 The lateral nasal branches of the facial artery and vein The external nasal branch of the anterior ethmoidal nerve
DU26 The buccal branch of the facial nerve, and the branch of the
DU27 The superior labial artery and vein intraorbital nerve
DU28 The branch of the superior alveolar nerve

LU MERIDIAN OF HAND-TAIYIN
VASCULATURE INNERVAnON
The intermediate supraclavicular nerve, the branches of the
Superolaterally, the axillary artery and vein, the thoracoaromial
LUl anterior thoracic nerve, and the lateral cutaneous branch of
artery and vein
the 1st intercostal nerve
The intermediate and lateral supraclavicular nerve, the
The cephalic vein, the thoracoacromial artery and vein;
LU2 branches of the anterior thoracic nerve, and the lateral cord
inferiorly, the axillary artery
of the brachial plexus
LU3 The cephalic vein and muscular branches of the brachial artery The lateral brachial cutaneous nerve at the place where the
LU4 and vein musculocutaneous nerve passes through
The branches of the radial recurrent artery and vein, the
LUS The lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve and the radial nerve
cephalic vein
LU6 The cephalic vein, the radial artery and vein
LU7 The cephalic vein, branches of the radial artery and vein The lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve and the superficial
LUS Laterally, the radial artery and vein ramus of the radial nerve
LU9 The radial artery and vein
LUlO Venules of the thumb draining to the cephalic vein The superficial ramus of the radial nerve
The terminal nerve network formed by the mixed branches of
The arterial and venous network formed by the palmar digital the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve and the superficial
LUll
propria! artery and veins ramus of the radial nerve as well as the palmar digital
propria! nerve of the median nerve

Ll MERIDIAN OF HAND-YANGMING
•·· VASCULATURE INNERVATION
The arterial and venous network formed by the dorsal digital The palmar digital propria! nerve derived from the median
Lll
arteries and veins nerve
The dorsal digital and palmar digital propria! arteries and veins The dorsal digital nerve of the radial nerve, and the palmar
Ll2
derived from the radial artery and vein digital propria! nerve of the median nerve
The dorsal venous network of the hand and the branch of the
Ll3
1st dorsal metacarpal artery
Ll4 The venous network of the dorsum of the hand The superficial ramus of the radial nerve
The cephalic vein, the radial artery and its dorsal carpal
LIS
branch
On the radial side, the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve
The cephalic vein and the superficial ramus of the radial nerve; on the ulnar
Ll6
side, the posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve and the
posterior antebrachial interosseous nerve
Ll7
LIS The posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve and the deep
The muscular branch of the radial artery, the cephalic vein
Ll9 ramus of the radial nerve
LllO
Llll The branches of the radial recurrent artery and vein The posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve; deeper, on the
Ll12 The radial collateral artery and vein medial side, the radial nerve
Lll3 The radial collateral artery and vein
The posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve ; deeper, the radial
The branches of the posterior circumflex humeral artery and nerve
Ll14
vein, the deep brachial artery and vein
LllS The posterior circumflex artery and vein The lateral supraclavicular nerve and axillary nerve
Superficially, the lateral supraclavicular nerve, the branch of
Ll16 Deeper, the suprascapular artery and vein
the accessory nerve; deeper, the suprascapular nerve
Superficially, the lateral supraclavicular nerve. It is on the
Ll17 The external jugular vein posterior border of m. sternocleidomastoideus just where the
cutaneous cervical nerve emerges. Deeper, the phrenic nerve
Deeper, on the medial side, the ascending cervical artery and The great auricular nerve, cutaneous cervical nerve, lesser
Ll18
vein occipital nerve and accessory nerve
Ll19 The superior labial branches of the facial artery and vein
The anastomotic branch of the facial nerve and the infraorbital
The facial artery and vein, the branches of the infraorbital nerve
Ll20
artery and vein

Points I Acu-Anatomy
 ACUPUNCTURE 175

ST MERIDIAN OF FOOT-YANGMING
VASCULATURE INNERVATION
The branches of the infraorbital and ophthalmic arteries and The branches of the infraorbital nerve, the inferior branch of
STl
veins the oculomotor nerve & the muscular branch of the facial n.
The branches of the facial artery and vein, the infraorbital The branches of the facial nerve. The point is right on the
ST2
artery and vein course of the infraorbital nerve.
ST3 The branches of the facial and infraorbital arteries and veins The branches of the facial and infraorbital nerves
ST4 The facial artery and vein Superficially, the branches of the facia l and infraorbital nerves;
deeper, the terminal branch of the buccal nerve
STS Anteriorly, the facial artery and vein The facial and buccal nerves
ST6 The masseteric artery The great auricu lar nerve, facial nerve and masseteric nerve
Superficially, the transverse facial artery and vein; in the The zygomatic bra nch of the facial nerve and the branches of
ST7
deepest layer, the maxillary artery and vein the auriculotemporal nerve
The frontal branches of the superficial temporal artery and The branch of the auriculotemporal nerve and the temporal
ST8
vein branch of the facial nerve
The superficial thyroid artery on the bifurcation of the internal Superficially, the cutaneous cervical nerve, the cervical branch
ST9 of the facial nerve; deeper, the sympathetic trunk; laterally,
and the external carotid artery
the descending branch of the hypoglossal n. and the vagus n.
STlO The common carotid artery Superficially, the cutaneous cervical n.; deeper, the superior
cardiac n. issued from the sympathetic n. & sympathetic trunk
Superficially, the anterior jugular vein; deeper, the common The medial supraclavicu lar nerve and the muscular branch of
STll
carotid artery ansa hypoglossi
ST12 Superficially, the intermediate supraclavicular nerve; deeper, the
Superiorly, the transverse cervical artery
supraclavicular portion of brachial plexus
The branches of the thoracoacromial artery and vein; The branch of the supraclavicular nerve and the anterior
ST13
superiorly the subclavicular vein thoracic nerve
ST14 The branch of the anterior thoracic nerve
The thoracoacromial artery and vein and the branches of the
lateral thoracic artery and vein On the course of the branch of m. pectoralis major derived
STlS
from the anterior thoracic nerve
ST16 The lateral thoracic artery and vein The branch of the anterior thoracic nerve
ST17 The anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the 4th IC n.
ST18 The branches of the intercostal artery and vein The branch of the 5th intercostal nerve
ST19 The branches of the 7th intercostal artery and vein, the
The branch of the 7th intercostal nerve
ST20 branches of the superior epigastric artery and vein
ST21 The branches of the 8th intercostal and superior epigastric
The branch of the 8th intercostal nerve
ST22 arteries and veins
The branches of the 8th and 9th intercostal and inferior
ST23 The branch of the 8th and 9th intercostal nerve
epigastric arteries and veins
The branches of the 9th intercostal and inferior epigastric
ST24 The branch of the 9th intercostal nerve
arteries and veins
ST25 The branches of the lOth intercostal and inferior epigastric
The branch of the lOth intercostal nerve
ST26 arteries and veins
The branches of the 11th intercostal artery and vein; laterally,
ST27 The branch of the 11th intercostal nerve
the inferior epigastric artery and vein
The branches of the subcostal artery and vein; laterally, the
ST28 The branch of the subcostal nerve
inferior epigastric artery and vein
ST29 Laterally, the inferior epigastric artery and vein The iliohypogastric nerve
The branches of the superficia l epigastric artery and vein.
ST30 The pathway of the ilioinguinal nerve
Latera lly, the inferior epigastric artery and vein
ST31 Deeper, the branches of the lateral circumflex femoral a. & v. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
ST32 The branches of the lateral circumflex femoral artery and vein
ST33 The anterior and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves
The descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery
ST34
The latera l sural cuta neous nerve and the articu lar branch of
ST35 The lateral and venous network around the knee joint
the common peronea l nerve
ST36 Superficially, The lateral sural cutaneous nerve and the
ST37 cutaneous branch of the saphenous nerve; deeper, the deep
ST38 The anterior tibial artery and vein peroneal nerve
The branches of the superficial peronea l nerve and the deep
ST39
peroneal nerve
ST40 The branch of the anterior tibial artery and vein The superficial peronea l nerve
ST41 The anterior tibial artery and vein the superficial and deep peroneal nerve
The dorsa l artery and vein of foot, the dorsal venous network Superficially, the medial dorsal cutaneous nerve of foot derived
ST42
of foot from the superficial peroneal n.; deeper, the deep peroneal n.
ST43 The medial dorsal cutaneous nerve of foot
The dorsal venous network of foot Just where the lateral branch of the medial dorsal cutaneous
ST44
nerve divides into dorsal digital nerves
The arterial and venous network formed by the dorsa l digital The dorsa l digital nerve derived from the superficial peroneal
ST45
artery and vein of foot nerve

Points I Acu-Anatomy
176 ACUPUNCTURE

SP MERIDIAN OF FOOT-TAIYIN
I<) //C / .·•·.
... /····
./• VAScULATURE .. INNliRVAlJON
On the anastomosis of the dorsal digital nerve derived from
SPl The dorsal digital artery the superficial peroneal nerve and the plantar digital propria!
nerve
The plantar digital propria! nerve derived from the medial
SP2 The branches of the medial plantar artery and vein
plantar nerve
The dorsal venous network of the foot, the medial plantar The branches of the saphenous nerve and superficial peroneal
SP3 artery and the branches of the medial tarsal artery nerve
The medial tarsal artery and the dorsal venous network of the The saphenous nerve and the branch of the superficial
SP4 foot peroneal nerve
The medial crural cutaneous nerve and the branch of the
SPS The medial tarsal artery and the great saphenous vein superficial peroneal nerve
SP6
The great saphenous vein, the posterior tibial artery and vein
SP7 Superficially, the medial crural cutaneous nerve ; deeper, in
the posterior aspect, the tibial nerve
Anteriorly, the great saphenous vein and the branch of the
SPS genu suprema artery; deeper, the posterior tibial a. & v.
Anteriorly, the great saphenous vein, the genu suprema artery; Superficially, the medial crural cutaneous nerve ; deeper, the
SP9 deeper, the posterior tibial artery and vein tibial nerve
The anterior femoral cutaneous nerve and the muscular branch
SPlO The muscular branches of the femoral artery and vein
of the femoral nerve
Superficially, the great saphenous vein; deeper on the lateral The anterior femoral cutaneous nerve ; deeper, the saphenous
SPll side, the femoral artery and vein nerve
SP12 On the medial side, the femoral artery Just where the femoral nerve traverse
SP13 The ilioinguinal nerve
SP14 The 11th intercostal artery and vein The 11th intercostal nerve
SPlS The lOth intercostal artery and vein The lOth intercostal nerve
SP16 The 8th intercostal artery and vein The 8th intercostal nerve
SP17 The thoracoepigastric vein The lateral cutaneous branch of the Sth intercostal nerve
The branches of the lateral thoracic artery and vein, the
SP18 thoracoepigastric artery and vein, the 4th intercostal a. & v.
The lateral cutaneous branch of the 4th intercostal nerve

SP19 The lateral thoracic artery and vein, the 3rd intercostal a.&v. The lateral cutaneous branch of the 3rd intercostal nerve
The lateral thoracic artery and vein, the 2nd intercostal artery The muscular branch of the anterior thoracic nerve, the lateral
SP20 and vein cutaneous branch of the 2nd intercostal nerve
The thoracodorsal artery and vein, the 7th intercostal artery The 7th intercostal nerve and the terminal branch of the long
SP21 and vein thoracic nerve

HT MERIDIAN OF HAND-SHAOYIN
VASCULA~li .· • ·.·· .•·· INNliRVATfON ...
.... .i ) ··.·/

··.·.····
••
HTl Laterally, the axillary artery The ulnar nerve, median and medial brachial cutaneous nerve
The medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve, the medial brachial
HT2 The basilic vein, the superior ulnar collateral artery
cutaneous nerve and the ulnar nerve
The basilic vein, the inferior ulnar collateral artery, the ulnar
HT3 recurrent artery and vein
The medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

HT4
HTS The medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve; on the ulnar side,
The ulnar artery
HT6 the ulnar nerve
HT7
HTS The common palmar digital artery and vein The 4th common palmar digital n. derived from the ulnar n.
The arterial and venous network formed by the palmar digital
HT9 propria! artery and vein
The palmar digital propria! nerve derived from the ulnar nerve

··i·i· ·······/
VAScULATURE .· ·. ·.. .. .
Sl MERIDIAN OF HAND-TAIYANG
·..
... INNERVAlJOIII
The arterial and venous network formed by the palmar digital The palmar digital propria! nerve and the dorsal digital nerve
Sll propria! artery and vein and the dorsal digital artery and vein derived from the ulnar nerve
The dorsal digital artery and vein arising from the ulnar artery The dorsal digital nerve and palmar digital propria! nerve
Sl2 and vein derived from the ulnar nerve
The dorsal digital artery and vein, the dorsal venous network
Sl3 The dorsal branch derived from the ulnar nerve
of the hand
The posterior carpal artery(the branch of the ulnar artery), the
Sl4 dorsal venous network of the hand The dorsal branch of ulnar nerve
SIS The posterior carpal artery
The terminal branches of the posterior interosseous artery and The anastomotic branches of the posterior antebrachial
Sl6 vein, the dorsal venous network of the wrist cutaneous nerve and the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve
The terminal branches of the posterior interosseous artery and Superficially, the branch of the medial antebrachial cutaneous
Sl7 vein nerve; deeper, on the radial side, the posterior interosseous n.
The superior and inferior ulnar collateral arteries and veins, The branches of the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve, the
SIS the ulnar recurrent artery and vein ulnar nerve

Points I Acu-Anatomy
 ACUPUNCTURE 177

Sl9 The circumflex scapular artery and ve in The branch of the axillary nerve; deeper in the superior
aspect, the radial nerve
The posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein; deeper the The posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm, the axillary nerve;
SilO
suprascapular artery and vein deeper, the suprascapular nerve
The muscular branches of the circumflex scapular artery and
Sill The suprascapular nerve
vein

Sll2 The suprascapular artery and vein The lateral suprasca pular nerve and acessory nerve; deeper,
the suprascapular nerve
Superficially, the descending branches of the transverse cervical Superficially, the lateral branch of the posterior ramus of the
SIB artery and vein; deeper, the muscular branch of the 2nd thoracic nerve, the accessory nerve; deeper, the muscular
suprascapular artery and vein branch of the suprascapular nerve
Sl14 Superficially, the medial cutaneous branches of the posterior
Deeper, the transverse cervical artery and vein rami of the 1st and 2nd thoracic nerves, the accessory nerve;
SllS deeper, the dorsal scapular nerve

Sl16 The ascending cervical artery The cutaneous cervical nerve, the emerging portion of the
great auricular nerve
Superficially, the anterior branch of the great auricular nerve,
Anteriorly, the external jugular vei; : deeper, the internal
Sl17 the cervical branch of the facial nerve; deeper, the superior
carotid artery and internal jugular vein
cervical ganglion of the sympathetic trunk
Sl18 The branches of the transverse facial artery and vein The facial and infraorbital nerve
The auricular branches of the superficial temporal artery and
Sl19 The branch of the facial nerve, the auriculotemporal nerve
vein

UB MERIDIA N OF FOOT-TAI YANG

VASCULATURE INNERVATION
The angular artery and vein, deeper, superiorly, the ophtha lmic Superficially, the supratrochlear and infratrochlear nerves;
UBl
artery and vein deeper, the branches of the oculomotor n., the ophthalm ic n.
UB2
The medial branch of the frontal nerve
UB3
The frontal artery and vein
UB4
The lateral branch of the frontal nerve
UBS
The anastomotic network of the frontal artery and vein, the The anastomotic bra nch of the lateral branch of the frontal
UBG
superficial temporal artery and vein, the occipital a. and v. nerve and the great occipital nerve
The superficial temporal artery and vein and the occipital
UB7
artery and vein
The branch of the great occipital nerve
UBB The branches of the occipital artery and vein
UB9
The occipita l artery and vein
UB10 The great occipita l nerve
The medial cutaneous branches of the posterior rami of the
UBll 1st and 2nd thoracic nerves; deeper, their latera l cutaneous
branches
Superficially, the medial cutaneous branches of the posterior
UB12 rami of the 2nd and 3rd thoracic nerves; deeper, their lateral
The medial cutaneous branches of the posterior branches of cutaneous branches
the intercostal artery and vein The medial cutaneous branches of the posterior rami of the
UBB 3rd and 4th thoracic nerves; deeper, the ir lateral branches
The medial cutaneous branches of the posterior rami of the
UB14 4th and 5th thoracic nerves; deeper, their lateral branches
The media l cutaneous branches of the posterior rami of the
UB15 5th and 6th thoracic nerves; deeper, their lateral branches
The medial branches of the posterior branches of the The dorsal scapular nerve, the medial cutaneous branches of
UB16 intercostal artery and vein, the descending branch of the the dorsal rami of the 6th and 7th thoracic nerves; deeper,
transverse cervical artery their lateral branches
The medial branches of the posterior rami of the 7th and 8th
UB17
thoracic nerves; deeper, their lateral branches
The medial cutaneous branches of the post erior rami of the
UB18 9th and lOth thoracic nerves; deeper, their latera l branches
The medial branches of the posterior branches of the
intercosta l artery and vein The medial cutaneous branches of the posterior rami of the
UB19 lOth and 11th thoracic nerves; deeper, their lateral branches
The medial cutaneous branches of the posterior rami of the
UB20
11th and 12th thoracic nerves; deeper, their lateral branches
The medial branches of the post erior branches of the The medial cutaneous branches of the posterior ram i of t he
UB21
subcostal artery and vein 12th thoracic nerves; deeper, their lateral branch
The lateral cutaneous branch of the posterior ramus of the
UB22 The posterior branches of the 1st lumbar artery and vein lOth thoracic nerve; deeper, the lateral branch of the
posterior ramus of the 1st lumbar nerve
The latera l branch of the post erior ramus of the 1st lumber
UB23 The posterior branches of the 2nd lumbar artery and vein
nerve; deeper, its latera l branch
The latera l cutaneous branch of the posterior ramus of the
UB24 The posterior branches of the 3rd lumbar artery and vein
2nd lumbar nerve
UB25 The posterior branches of the 4st lumbar artery and vein The posterior ramus of the 3rd lumbar nerve
UB26 The posterior branches of the lowest lumbar artery and vein The posterior ramus of the 5th lumbar nerve

Points I Acu-Ana tomy

178 ACUPUNCTURE

UB27 The lateral branch of the posterior ramus of the 1st sacral n.
The posterior branches of the lateral sacral artery and vein The lateral branches of the posterior rami of the 1st and 2nd
UBZS sacral nerves
The posterior branches of the lateral sacral artery and vein, The lateral branches of the posterior rami of the 3rd and 4th
UB29 the branches of the inferior gluteal artery and vein sacral nerves
The inferior gluteal artery and vein ; deeper, the internal The lateral branches of the posterior rami of the 3rd and 4th
UB30 pudendal artery and vein sacral nerves, the inferior gluteal nerve
UB31 The site where the posterior ramus of the 1st sacral n. passes
UB32 The posterior branches of the lateral sacral artery and vein The posterior ramus of the 2nd sacral nerve
UB33 On the course of the posterior ramus of the 3rd sacral nerve
UB34 On the course of the posterior ramus of the 4th sacral nerve
The branches of the inferior gluteal artery and vein
UB35 The coccygeal nerve
UB36 The artery and vein running alongside the sciatic nerve
The posterior femoral cutaneous nerve; deeper, the sciatic
Laterally, the 3rd perforating branches of the deep femoral nerve
UB37 artery and vein
UB38 The posterior femoral cutaneous nerve and the common
The superolateral genicular artery and vein
UB39 peroneal nerve
Superficially, the femoropoliteal vein, deeper and medially, the The posterior femoral cutaneous nerve, the tibial nerve
UB40 popliteal vein; deepest, the popliteal artery
The descending branch of the transverse cervical artery, the The lateral branches of the posterior rami of the 1st and 2nd
UB41 posterior branches of the intercostal artery and vein thoracic nerves; deeper, the dorsal scapular nerve
UB42 The medial cutaneous branches of the posterior rami of the
2nd and 3rd thoracic nerves; deeper, their lateral branches
UB43 The posterior branch of the intercostal artery, the descending and the dorsoscapular nerve
branch of the transverse cervical artery The medial cutaneous branches of the posterior rami of the
UB44 4th and 5th thoracic nerves; deeper, their lateral branches and
the dorsoscapular nerve
The medial cutaneous branches of the posterior rami of the
UB45 5th and 6th thoracic nerves; deeper, their lateral branches
The medial cutaneous branches of the posterior rami of the
UB46 6th and 7th thoracic nerves; deeper, their lateral branches and
the dorsoscapular nerve
The posterior branch of the intercostal artery and vein The lateral cutaneous branches of the posterior rami of the
UB47 7th and 8th thoracic nerves
The lateral cutaneous branches of the posterior rami of the
UB48 8th and 9th thoracic nerves
The lateral branches of the posterior rami of the lOth and
UB49 11th thoracic nerves
The lateral cutaneous branches of the posterior ramus of the
UBSO The posterior branch of the subcostal artery and vein
11th thoracic nerve
The lateral cutaneous branches of the posterior ramus of the
UB51 The posterior branch of the 1st lumbar artery and vein
12th thoracic nerve
The lateral branch of the posterior ramus of the 12th thoracic
UB52 The posterior branch of the 2nd lumbar artery and vein
nerve and the lateral branch of the 1st lumbar nerve
UB53 The superior gluteal artery and vein The superior cluneal nerves; deeper, the superior gluteal nerve
The inferior gluteal nerve, the posterior femoral cutaneous
UB54 The inferior gluteal artery and vein
nerve and the sciatic nerve
UBSS The small saphenous vein; deeper, the popliteal artery & vein
UB56 The medial sural cutaneous nerve; deeper, the tibial nerve
The small saphenous vein; deeper, the posterior tibial a. & v.
UB57
UBSS The lateral sural cutaneous nerve
The small saphenous vein; deeper, the terminal branch of the
UB59 peroneal artery The sural nerve
UB60 The small saphenous vein, the posteroexternal malleolar a.&v.
UB61 The external calcaneal branches of the peroneal a. and v. The external calcaneal branch of the sural nerve
UB62 The external malleolar arterial network The sural nerve
UB63 The lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve of foot; deeper, the lateral
The lateral plantar artery and vein
UB64 plantar nerve
The 4th common plantar digital nerve and the lateral dorsal
UB65 The 4th common plantar digital artery and vein
cutaneous nerve of foot
UB66 The plantar digital artery and vein
The plantar digital propria! nerve and the lateral dorsal
The network formed by the dorsal digital artery and plantar cutaneous nerve of foot
UB67 digital propria! artery

Points I Acu-Anatomy
 ACUPUNCTURE 179

KD3 Anteriorly, the posterior tibial artery and vein The medial crural cutaneous n., on the course of the tibial n.
KD4 The medial crural cutaneous nerve, on the course of the
The medial calcaneal branch of the posterior tibial artery
KDS medial calcaneal ramus derived from the tibial nerve
KD6 Posteriorly, the posterior tibial artery and vein The medial crural cutaneous nerve; deeper, the tibial nerve
KD7 Deeper, anteriorly, the posterior tibial artery and vein The medial sural and medial crural cutaneous nerves; deeper,
the tibial nerve
KDS The medial crural cutaneous nerve; deeper, the tibial nerve
Deeper, the posterior tibial artery and vein The medial sural and medial crural cutaneous nerves; deeper,
KD9
the tibial nerve
KDlO The medial superior genicular artery and vein The medial femoral cutaneous nerve
KDll The inferior epigastric artery and external pudendal artery The branch of the iliophyogastric nerve
KD12 The branches of subcostal nerve and the iliophyogastric nerve
KD13 The subcostal nerve
The muscular branches of the inferior epigastric artery and
KD14 vein The 11th intercostal nerve
KDlS
The 10th i ntercosta I nerve
KD16
KD17 The branches of the superior and inferior epigastric a. & v. The 9th intercostal nerve
KD18
KD19 The 8th intercostal nerve
The branches of the superior epigastric artery and vein
KD20
KD21 The 7th intercostal nerve
The anterior cutaneous branch of the 5th intercostal nerve
KD22 The 5th intercostal artery and vein
deeper, the 5th intercostal nerve
The anterior cutaneous branch of the 4th i nte rcosta I nerve
KD23 The 4th intercostal artery and vein
deeper, the 4th intercostal nerve
The anterior cutaneous branch of the 3rd intercostal nerve
KD24 The 3rd intercostal artery and vein
deeper, the 3rd intercostal nerve
The anterior cutaneous branch of the 2nd intercostal nerve
KD2S The 2nd intercostal artery and vein
deeper, the 2nd intercostal nerve
The anterior cutaneous branch of the 11th intercostal nerve,
KD26 The 1st intercostal artery and vein
the medial supraclavicular nerve; the 1st intercostal nerve
The anterior perforating branches of the internal mammary
KD27 artery and vein
The medial supraclavicu lar nerve

PC MERIDIAN OF HAND-.JUEYIN
VASCULATURE INNERVATION
The thoracoepigastric vein, the branches of the lateral thoracic The muscular branch of the anterior thoracic nerve, the 4th
PCl artery and vein intercostal nerve
PC2 The muscular branches of the brachial artery and vein The medial brachial cutaneous n. and the musculocutaneous n.
PC3 On the pathway of the brachial artery and vein The median nerve
The median artery and vein ; deeper, the anterior interosseous The medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve; deeper, the median
PC4 artery and vein nerve, deepest, the anterior interosseous nerve
PCS The median artery and vein ; deeper, the anterior interosseous
The medial and lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerves, the
pa lmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve; deeper, the
PC6 artery and vein
anterior interosseous nerve
PC7 The palmar arterial and venous network of the wrist Deeper, the median nerve
PCS The common palmar digital artery The 2nd common palmar digital nerve of the median nerve
The arterial and venous network formed by the palmar digital
PC9 propria! artery and vein
The palmar digital propria! nerve of the median nerve

S.J MERIDIAN OF HAND-SHAOYANG

VASCULATURE INNERVATION
The arterial and venous network formed by the palmar digital
SJl propria! artery and vein
The pa lmar digital propria! nerve derived from the ulnar nerve

SJ2 The dorsal digital artery of the ulnar artery

The dorsal venous network of hand and the 4th dorsal The dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve
SJ3 metacarpal artery
The dorsal venous network of the wrist and the posterior The terminal branch of the posterior antebranchia l cutaneous
SJ4 carpal artery nerve and the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve
SJS Deeper, the posterior and anterior antebrachial interosseous The posterior antebranchial cutaneous nerve; deeper, the
SJ6 arteries and veins post erior interosseous nerve and the anterior interosseous n.
SJ7
SJS The post erior and medial antebrachial cutaneous nerves ;
The posterior antebrachial interosseous artery and vein
deeper, the posterior and anterior interosseous nerves
SJ9

Points I Acu-Anatomy
180 ACUPUNCTURE

SJ l O The arterial venous network of the elbow

The posterior brachial cutaneous nerve and the muscular
SJll The terminal branches of the median collateral artery and vein branch of the radial nerve
SJ 12
The median collateral artery and vein The posterior brachial cutaneous nerve and the muscular
SJ13 branch of the radial nerve; deeper, the radial nerve
The muscular branch of the posterior circumflex humeral The muscular branch of the auxiliary nerve
SJ14
artery
The descending branch of the transverse cervical artery; The accessory nerve and the branch of the suprascapular
SJlS nerve
deeper, the muscular branch of the suprascapular artery
SJ 16 The posterior auricular artery The lesser occipital nerve
The posterior auricular artery and vein, the external jugular The great auricular nerve; deeper, the site where the facial
SJ17 vein nerve perforate out of the stylomastoid foramen
SJ18 The posterior auricular branch of the great auricular nerve
The posterior auricular artery and vein The anastomotic branch of the great auricular nerve and the
SJ19 lesser occipital nerve
SJ20 The branches of the superficial temporal artery and vein The branches of the auriculotemporal nerve
SJ21 The branches of the auriculotemporal nerve and facial nerve
The superficial temporal artery and vein The branch of the auriculotemporal nerve, on the course of
SJ22 the temporal branch of the facial nerve
The frontal branches of the superficial temporal artery and The zygomatic branch of the facial nerve and the branch of
SJ23
vein the auriculotemporal nerve

GB MERIDIAN OF FOOT-SHAOYANG
VASCULATURE INNERVATION
The zygomaticofacial and zygomaticotemporal nerve, the
GBl The zygomaticoorbital artery and vein
temporal branch of the facial nerve
GB2 The superficial temporal artery The great auricular nerve and facial nerve
The zygomatic branch of the facial nerve and the
GB3 The zygomaticoorbital artery and vein
zygomaticofacial nerve
GB4
GBS
The temporal branch of the auriculotemporal nerve
GBG The parietal branches of the superficial temporal artery and
GB7 vein
The anastomotic branch of the auriculotemporal nerve and
GBS
great occipital nerve
GB9
The posterior auricular artery and vein The branch of the great occipital nerve
GBlO
GBll The branches of the posterior auricular artery and vein The anastomotic branch of the great and lesser occipital n.
GB12 The posterior auricular artery and vein The lesser occipital nerve
The frontal branches of the superficial temporal artery and
GB13
vein, and the lateral branches of the frontal artery and vein The lateral branch of the frontal nerve
GB14 The lateral branches of the frontal artery and vein
GBlS The frontal artery and vein The anastomotic branch of the medial and lateral branches of
GB16 Frontal branches of the superficial temporal artery and vein the frontal nerve
The anastomotic plexus formed by the parietal branches of the The anastomotic branch of the frontal and great occipital
GB17
superficial temporal artery and vein and the occipital a. & v. nerves
GB18
The branch of the great occipital nerve
GB19 The branches of the occipital artery and vein
GB20 The branch of the lesser occipital nerve
GB21 The transverse cervial artery and vein The posterior branch of the supraclavicular n., the accessory n.
The thoracoepigastric vein, the lateral thoracic artery and vein, The lateral cutaneous branch of the 5th intercostal nerve, the
GB22
the 5th intercostal artery and vein branch of the long thoracic nerve
GB23 Lateral thoracic artery and vein, the 5th intercostal a. and v. The lateral cutaneous branch of the 5th intercostal nerve
GB24 The 7th intercostal artery and vein The 7th intercostal nerve
GB25 The 11th intercostal artery and vein The 11th intercostal nerve
GB26 The subcostal artery and vein The subcostal nerve
GB27 The iliophyogastric nerve
The superficial and deep circumflex iliac arteries and veins
GB28 The ilioinguinal nerve
The branches of the superficial circumflex iliac a. and v., the
GB29 The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
ascending branches of the lateral circumflex femoral a. and v.
The inferior gluteal cutaneous nerve, the inferior gluteal nerve;
GB30 Medially, the inferior gluteal artery and vein
deeper, the sciatic nerve
GB31 The muscular branches of the lateral circumflex femoral artery The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, the muscular branch of
GB32 and vein the femoral nerve
GB33 The superior lateral genicular artery and vein The terminal branch of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Just where the common peroneal nerve bifurcates into the
GB34 The inferior lateral genicular artery and vein superficial and deep peroneal nerves

Points I Acu-A natomy

 ACUPUNCTURE 181

GB35 The branches of the peroneal artery and vein The lateral sural cutaneous nerve
GB36
GB37
The branches of the anterior tibial artery and vein The superficial peroneal nerve
GB38
GB39

GB40 The branch of the anterolateral malleolar artery The branch of the intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve and
superficial peroneal nerve
GB41 The dorsal arterial and venous network of foot, the 4th dorsal The branch of the intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve of the
GB42 metatarsal artery and vein foot
GB43 The dorsal digital artery and vein
The arterial and venous network formed by the dorsal digital The dorsal digital nerve
GB44
artery and vein and plantar digital artery and vein

LV MERIDIAN OF FOOT-JUEYIN
VASCULATURE INNERVATION
LVl The dorsal digital artery and vein The dorsal digital nerve derived from the deep peroneal nerve
The dorsal venous network of the foot and the 1st dorsal The site where the dorsal digital nerves split from the lateral
LV2
digital artery and vein dorsal metatarsal nerve of the deep peroneal nerve
The dorsal venous network of the foot, the 1st dorsal
LV3 The branch of the deep peroneal nerve
metatarsal artery
The dorsal venous network of the foot and the anterior The branch of the medial dorsal cutaneous nerve of the foot
LV4
medial malleolar artery and the saphenous nerve
LVS Posteriorly, the great saphenous vein
The branch of the saphenous nerve
LVG The great saphenous vein
The branch of the medial sural cutaneous nerve; deeper, the
LV7 Deeper, the posterior tibial artery
tibial nerve
Anteriorly, the great saphenous vein, on the pathway of the
LVS The saphenous nerve
genusuprema artery
Deeper, on the lateral side, the femoral artery and vein, the The anterior femoral cutaneous nerve, on the pathway of the
LV9
superficial branch of the medial circumflex femoral artery anterior branch of the obturator nerve
The superficial branches of the medial circumflex femoral The genitofemoral nerve, the anterior femoral cutaneous nerve;
LVlO
artery and vein deeper, the anterior branch of the obturator nerve
The genitofemoral nerve, the branch of the medial femoral
LVll The branches of the medial circumflex femoral artery and vein cutaneous nerve; deeper, the anterior branch of the obturator
nerve
The branches of the external pudental artery and vein, the
The ilioinguinal nerve; deeper, in the inferior aspect, the
LV12 pubic branches of the inferior epigastric artery and vein;
anterior branch of the obturator nerve
laterally , the femora I vein
LV13 The terminal branch of the lOth intercostal artery Slightly inferiorly, the lOth intercostal nerve
LV14 The 6th intercostal artery and vein The 6th intercostal nerve

Points I Acu-Anatomy
182 ACUPUNCTURE

NEEDLE DEPTH AND ANGLES CAM

REN MERIDIAN .l 2 0.2-0.3 L 15 0.3-0.6 .l 10-11 0.3-0.5

POINT DEPTH .l 3 0.3-0.5 .l 16 0.3-0.7 .l 12 0.5-0.7
j_ 1-3 0.5-1.0 - 4 1.0-1.5 .l 17 0.5-0.7 .l 13 0.5-0.8
j_ 4 0.8-1.2 L 5 0.3-0.5 .l 18 0.5-0.8 .l 14 0 .7-1.0
j_ 5 0.5-1.0 .l 6-7 0.3-0.5 .l 19 0.5-1.0 .l 15-16 0.3-0.5
j_ 6-7 0.8-1.2 - 8 0.5-1.0 j_ 17 0.5-1.0
® 8 MOXA ONLY .l 9-12 0.3-0.5 UB MERIDIAN - 18-20 0.3-0.5
j_ 9 0.5-1.0 L 13-16 0.3-0.5 POINT DEPTH j_ 21 0.3-0.5
j_ 10-13 0.5-1.2 ® 17 ® .l 1 0.3-0.7 L 22 0 .1-0.3
j_ 14 0.3-0.8 L 18 0.3-0.5 - 2-9 0.3-0.5 - 23 0.3-0.5
L 15 (~) 0.4-0.6 .l 19 0.5-0.8 .l 10 0.5-0.8
- 16-21 0.3-0.5 .l 20 0.5-1.0 L 11-18 0.5-0.7 GB MERIDIAN
- 22 (.l 0.2·-•) 0.5-1.0 .l 21-22 0.8-1.0 L 19 0.5-0.8 POINT DEPTH
L 23 0.5-1.0 .l 23-24 0.7-1.0 L 20 0.5-0.7 - 1 0.3-0.5
L 24 0.2-0.3 .l 25-29 0.7-1.2 L 21 0.5-0.8 .l 2 0.5-0.7
.l 30 0.5-1.0 .l 22 0.5-1.0 j_ 3 0.3-0.5
DU MERIDIAN j_ 31-32 1.0-1.5 .l 23 1.0-1.2 - 4-11 0.3-0.5
POINT DEPTH .l 33 0.7-1.0 .l 24-34 0.8-1.2 L 12 0.3-0.5
j_ 1 0.5-1.0 .l 34 0.5-1.0 .l 35 0.5-1.0 - 13-19 0.3-0.5
L 2 0.5-1.0 .l 35 0.7-1.0 .l 36 1.0-1.5 .l 20 0.5-0.8
j_ 3-8 0.5-1.0 .l 36-37 0.5-1.2 .l 37 1.0-2.0 .l 21 0.3-0.5
L 9-14 0.5-1.0 .l 38-40 0.5-1.0 .l 38-40 0.5-1.0 L 22-24 0.3-0.5
j_ 15-16 0.5-0.8 .l 41 0.5-0.7 L 41-51 0.3-0.5 .l 25 0.3-0.5
- 17-24 0.3-0.5 .l 42-44 0.3-0.5 .l 52 0.5-1.0 .l 26 0 .5-0.8
j_ 25 0.2-0.3 - 45 0.1 .l 53 0.8-1 .2 .l 27-29 0.5-1.0
L 26 (~) 0.3-0.5 .l 54 1.5-2.0 .l 30 1.5-2.5
L 27 0.2-0.3 SP MERIDIAN .l 55 0.7-1.0 .l 31 0.7-1.2
L 28 0.1-0.2 POINT DEPTH .l 56-57 0.8-1.2 .l 32 0.7-1.0
- 1 0.1 .l 58 0 .7-1.0 .l 33 0.5-1.0
LU MERIDIAN .l 2 0.1-0.3 .l 59-60 0.5-1.0 .l 34 0.8-1.2
POINT DEPTH .l 3 0.3-0.5 .l 61-65 0.3-0.5 .l 35-36 0.5-0.8
L 1-2 (~ ) 0.5-0.8 .l 4 0.5-0.8 .l 66 0.2-0.3 j_ 37 0.7-1.0
j_ 3-6 0.5-1.0 .l 5 0.2-0.3 - 67 0.1 .l 38 0.5-0.7
L 7 0.3-0.5 .l 6-9 0.5-1.0 .l 39 0.3-0.5
j_ 8 0.1-0.3 .l 10 0.5-1.2 KD MERIDIAN .l 40 0.5-0.8
.l 9 0.2-0.3 .l 11-14 0.5-1.0 POINT DEPTH .l 41-43 0.3-0.5
.l 10 0.5-0.8 .l 15 0.7-1.2 .l 1-6 0.3-0.5 - 44 0.1
8 11 0.1 .l 16 0.5-1.0 .l 7-9 0.5-0.7
L 17-21 0.3-0.5 .l 10 0.8-1.0 LV MERIDIAN
Ll MERIDIAN .l 11-20 0.5-1.0 POINT DEPTH
POINT DEPTH HT MERIDIAN .l 21 0.3-0.7 - 1 0.1-0.2
8 1 0.1 POINT DEPTH L 22-27 0.3-0.5 L 2 0.3-0.5
.l 2 0.2-0.3 .l 1 0.5-1.0 .l 3-4 0.3-0.5
j_ 3 0.5-0.8 j_ 2 0.3-0.5 PC MERIDIAN - 5 0.3-0.5
.l 4 0.5-1.0 .l 3 0.5-1.0 POINT DEPTH - 6 0.5-0.8
.l 5 0.3-0.5 j_ 4-8 0.3-0.5 L 1 0.2-0.4 .l 7 0.5-1.0
.l 6 (L ) 0.5-0.8 8 9 0.1 .l 2-3 0.5-0.7 .l 8 0.5-0.8
.l 7-9 0.5-1.0 j_ 4-5 0.5-1.0 .l 9 0.5-0.7
j_ 10 0.8-1.2 Sl MERIDIAN .l 6 0.5-0.8 .l 10-11 0.5-1.0
.l 11 1.0-1.5 POINT DEPTH .l 7-8 0.3-0.5 ® 12 ( .l .3-.S) MOXA
.l 12-13 0.5-1.0 8 1 0.1 8 9 0.1 .l 13 0.5-0.8
.l 14-15 0.8-1.5 .l 2 0.3-0.5 L 14 0.3-0.5
.l 16 0.5-0.7 .l 3 0.5-0.7 SJ MERIDIAN
.l 17-18 0.3-0.5 .l 4-6 0.3-0.5 POINT DEPTH
L 19 0.2-0.3 j_ 7 0.5-0.8 8 1 0.1
L 20 0.3-0.5 j_ 8 0.3-0.5 L 2 0 .3-0.5
.l 9-10,11( L ) 0.5-1.0 .l 3-4 0.3-0.5
ST MERIDIAN .l 12 0.5-0.7 .l 5 0.5-1.0
I POINT I DEPTH .l 13 0.3-0.5 .l 6 0.8-1.2
.1 I1 I 0.5-1.0 L 14 0.3-0.7 .l 7-9 0.5-1.0

Points I Needle Depth

 ACUPUNCTURE 183

NEEDLE DEPTH AND ANGLES MNL

REN MERIDIAN - 4 --•points ST6,LI20,R24 L 14-15 0.5-1 j_ 10-11 0.5-1

j_ 1-3 0 .5-1 L 5 (-) 0.3-0.5 j_ 16 0.5-0.8 l_L 12-13 1-2
..L L 4 0.5-1/1-1.5 j_ 6 (-) 0.5 j_ 17--•tongue 0.5-1 j_ / 14 1-1.5/1.5-2
j_ 5-7 0.8-1.5 j_ 7 (-) 0.5-1 j_ 18 (-) 0.5-0.7 L 15 0.5-1
® 8 - 8 0.5-1 j_ 19 mouth • 0.5-1 j_ 16 0.5-1
j_ 9-13 0.8-1.5 j_ 9 0.5-1 j_ 17 0.5-1
l_L 14 0.5-1/1-1.5 I 10 0.5-1 UB MERIDIAN - 18-19 0.3-0.5
L 15 0.5-1 j_ 11-12 0.3-0.5 j_ 1 0.2-0.3 - 20 0.5-1.5
- 16 0.5 / 13-16 0.5-0.8 / 2 --•UB1 L 21 0.5-1
- 17--•breast 0.5-1/1-1.5 ® 17 - 3-9 0.5-1 - 22 0 .3-0.5
- 18-21 0.5-1 / 18 0.5-1 j_ 10 0.5-0.8 - 23 0.5-1
j_ 22(J. --•-) 0.3--•0.5-1 j_ 19 0.5-0.8 L / 11-21 0.5-1/1-1.5
L 23 0.5-1.2 j_ 20 0.5-1 L I 22-23 1-1.5 GB MERIDIAN
/ 24 0.2-0.3 j_ 21-24 1-1.5 j_ 24-26 1-1.5 - 1 0.2-0.3
j_ 25 (L ) 1-1.5 j_ 27-30 2 mouth t
0.5-1 I 0.5-1
DU MERIDIAN j_ 26-30 1-1.5 j_ 31-34 0.5-1/1.5-2 j_ 3 0.3-0.5
j_ 1 0.5-1 l_L 31-32 1-2 j_ 35 1-1.5 - 4-11 0.5-1.5
L 2 0.5-1 l_L 33-34 1-1.5 j_ 36-37 1-2 L 12 0.5-1
j_ 3-5 0.5-1 ..LL 35 1-2 j_ 38-40 1-1.5 - 13 0.5-1.5
I 6-7 0.5-1 j_ 36 1-1.5 L 41-50 0.3-0.5 - 14 0.5-0.8
L 8-11 0.5-1 l_ L 37-40 1-1.5 L 51-52 0.5-1 - 15-19 0.5-1.5
I 12-14 0.5-1 ..L L 41 0.5 j_ 53 1-1.5 L 20 1-1.5
j_ 15-16 0.5-1 ..L L 42 0.3-0.5 ..L L 54 1.5-2/2-3 L 21 0.5-1
- 17-24 0.5-1 l_L 43 0.5-1 j_ 55-56 1-1.5 / 22-24 0.5-1
.l - 25 0.2-0.3/0.5-1 ..LL 44 0 .5/0.5-1 ..LL 57-59 1-1.5 j_ 25-26 0.5-1
L 26 0.3-0.5 l_L 45 0.1-0.2 . l - 60 0.5-1/1.5-2 j_ 27-28 1-1.5
L 27-28 0.2-0.3 - 61 0.3-0.5 ..L.C. 29 1-2/2-3
SP MERIDIAN L 62 0.3-0.5 j_ 30 2-3.5
LU MERIDIAN l_ L 1 0.1-0.2 j_ 63-65 0.3-0.5 ..L L 31-32 1-2/1.5-2.5
L 1-2 (=9) 0.5-1 L 2 0.3-0.5 ..L L 66 (·-•sole) 0.2-0.3 j_ 33 1-2
j_ 3-5 0.5-1 j_ 3-4 0.5-1 l_L 67 0.1-0.2 l_L 34 ( •SP9) 1-1.5
..LL 6 0.5-1.5 j_ 5 (-) 0.2-0.3 j_ 35-37 1-1.5
- 7 0.5-1 l_L 6-8 1-1.5 KD M ERIDIAN j_ 38 0.7-1
L..L 8 0.3-0.5 j_ 9 1-1.5 j_ 1-3 0.5-1 j_ 39 1-1.5
j_ 9 0.3-0.5 ..L L 10 1-1.5 j_ 3 (--•UBGO) 0.5-1 j_ 40 ( •KD6) 1-1.5
j_ 10 0.5-1 l_ L 11 0.5-1 I 4 0.5 j_ 41 0.5-1
l_ L 11 0.1-0.2 j_ 12 0.5-1 I 5 0.3-0.5 j_ 42 0.5-0.8
j_ 13-14 1-1.5 L 6 0.3-0.5 ..LL 43 0.3-0.5/0.5-1
Ll MERIDIAN j_ 15-16 0.5-1 j_ 7-8 0.5-1 ..LL 44 0 .1-0.2
..L L 1 0.1-0.2 / 17-21 0.5-1 j_ 9-10 1-1.5
L..L 2 0.2-0.3/0.5 j_ 11-13 0.5-1 LV MERIDIAN
j_ 3 (--•513) 0.5-2.0 HT M ERIDIAN j_ 14-20 1-1.5 ..LL 1 0.1-0.2
..L L 4 0.5-1/1-1.5 j_ 1 (--•GB21) 0.5-1 j_ 21 0.5-1 L..L 2 (--•heel) 0.5-1/0.5-0.8
j_ 5 0.5-1 L 2-3 0 .5-1 / 22-27 0.5-1 I 3 (--•KOl) 0.5-1.5
/ 6-7 0.5-1 ..LL 4-6 0.3-0.5/0.5-1 ..LL 4 ( -•SPS) 0.3-0.5
..LL 8 0.5-1 ..LL 7 0.3-0.5/.5-.8 PC M ERIDIAN ..LL 5 0.5-1/1-2
..LL 9-10 0.5-1.5 j_ 8 0.5 / 1 0.5-1 ..LL 6 0.5-1/1-2
j_ 11 (--•H3) 1-1.5 ..LL 9 0.1-0.2 / 2 1-1.5 j_ 7 1-2
j_ 12 0.5-1 j_ 3 0.5-1 j_ 8 1-1.5
j_ 13 1-1.5 Sl M ERIDIAN ..LL 4-6 0.5-1/1-1.5 ..LL 9 1-2
L 14 1:1.5 l_L 1 0.1-0.2 ..LL 7 0.3-0.5/0.5-1 ..LL 10 0.5-1.5
j_ / 15 1-1.5/1.5-2 ..LL 2 0.2-0.3/0.5 j_ 8 0.5 L 11-12 0.5-0.8
..LL 16 0.5-1 j_ 3 ( • U3) 0.5-2 l_L 9 0.1-0.2 - L 13 0.5-1
l_L 17-18 0.3-0.5/.5-.8 j_ 4-5 0.3-0.5 L 14 0.5-1
L 19 0.3-0.5 L- 6 0.5-1 SJ MERIDIAN
- 20 -•bitong 0.3-0.5 j_ 7 0.5-1 l_L 1 0.1-0.2
..L L 8 0.5-1/0.3-0.5 j_ 2 0.3-0.5
ST MERIDIAN j_ 9-10 1-1.5 ..LL 3 0.5-1
j_ 1 0.5-1 ..LL 11 0.5-1.5 L- 4 0.3-0.5/0.5-1
..LL 2--•Sil8,LI20 0.2-0.4/.3-.5 L 12 0.5-1 L 5-8 0.5-1.5
j_ 3 (- ) 0.3-0 .4 ..LL 13 0.3-0.5/0.5-1 ..LL 9 1-2

Points I Needle Depth

184 ACUPUNCTURE

CAUTION OR CONTRAINDICATION MNL

LU MERIDIAN 8 Ulnar nerve

1 Pneumothorax 12 Pneumothorax
2 Pneumothorax 13 Puncturing LU
3 Moxa will counterflow Qi 14 Pneumothorax
7 Cephalic vein 15 Pneumothorax
8 Radial artery 17 Carotid vessels
9 Radial artery 18 Moxa
ll MERIDIAN 19 Mouth open when needling
4 Pregnancy UB MERIDIAN
16 Pneumothorax 1 Moxa
17 Carotid artery or jugular vein 2 Moxa
18 Carotid artery or jugular vein 3 Moxa
19 Moxa 5 Moxa
20 Moxa 6 Moxa
ST MERIDIAN 7 Moxa
1 Moxa 11 Pneumothorax
2 Moxa, eyeball, Infraorbital nerve 12 Pneumothorax
5 Facial artery and vein 13 Pneumothorax
8 Moxa 14 Pneumothorax
9 Moxa, carotid artery 15 Pneumothorax
10 Moxa, carotid artery 16 Pneumothorax
11 Puncturing LU 17 Pneumothorax
12 Puncturing LU, pregnancy, subclavian vessels 18 Pneumothorax
13 Puncturing LU 19 Pneumothorax
14 Puncturing LU 20 Pneumothorax
15 Puncturing LU 21 Pneumothorax
16 Puncturing LU 22 Puncturing KD
17 Both needling and moxa (reference point) 23 Puncturing KD
18 Puncturing LU 41 Pneumothroax
19 HT on left, LV on right 42 Pneumothroax
20 Peritoneal cavity, enlarged LV 43 Pneumothroax
21 Peritoneal cavity, enlarged LV 44 Pneumothroax
22 Peritoneal cavity 45 Pneumothroax
23 Peritoneal cavity 46 Pneumothroax
24 Peritoneal cavity 47 Pneumothroax
25 Peritoneal cavity 48 Pneumothroax
26 Peritoneal cavity 49 Pneumothroax
27 Peritoneal cavity so Pneumothroax
28 Peritoneal cavity, full UB 51 Puncturing KD
29 Peritoneal cavity, full UB 52 Puncturing KD
30 Peritoneal cavity, full UB, spermatic cord 60 Pregnancy
42 Dorsa lis pedis artery KD MERIDIAN
SP MERIDIAN 11 Full UB
6 Pregnancy 12 Full UB
7 Moxa 13 Full UB
11 Femoral artery 14 Peritoneal cavity
12 Femoral artery, femoral nerve 15 Peritoneal cavity
13 Peritonea l cavity 16 Peritoneal cavity
14 Peritoneal cavity 17 Peritoneal cavity
15 Peritoneal cavity, enlarged SP or LV 18 Peritoneal cavity
16 Peritoneal cavity, en larged SP 19 Peritoneal cavity
17 Pneumothorax 20 Peritoneal cavity
18 Pneumothorax 21 LV on right, Peritoneum on Left
19 Pneumothorax 22 Puncturing LU or LV
20 Pneumothorax 23 Puncturing LU
21 Pneumothorax 24 Puncturing LU
HT MERIDIAN 25 Puncturing LU
1 Axillary artery, Puncturing LU 26 Puncturing LU
2 Brachial artery (some classic, Contra for needle) 27 Puncturing LU
3 Moxa PC MERIDIAN
7 Ulnar artery, ulnar nerve 1 Pneumothorax
51 MERIDIAN 3 Brachial artery and vein

Points I Caution
 ACUPUNCTURE 185

7 Median nerve
SJ MERIDIAN
5 Movement may result in bent needle
6 Movement may result in bent needle
8 Contra to needling
15 Pneumothorax
17 May affect opening/closing mouth
19 Bleeding (classic text)
21 Pus discharge from ear (no moxa)
23 Moxa
GB MERIDIAN
1 Moxa
2 Mouth open when needling
3 Avoid deep needling
20 Spinal cord
21 Pneumothorax, Pregnancy
22 Pneumothorax, Moxa
23 Penumothorax
24 Penumothorax
25 Peritoneal cavity
26 Peritoneal cavity
33 Moxa
39 Avoid hitting the fibula
LV MERIDIAN
12 Femoral vein
13 Enlarged LV or SP
14 Pneumothorax
CONCEPTIVE VESSEL
1 Pregnancy, Needling (classic text)
2 Full UB
3 Full UB
4 Full UB
5 Pregnancy, Peritonea l cavity
6 Peritoneal cavity
7 Peritoneal cavity
8 Needling, (massage or indirect moxa)
9 Water illness (No needle), Pregnancy (no moxa), Peritoneal cavity
10 Peritoneal cavity, pregnancy
11 Peritoneal cavity
12 Peritonea l cavity
13 Peritoneal cavity
14 Left lobe of LV, enlarged LV, Do not insert toward HT
15 Moxa
17 Needling (classic text)
22 Needle with enough clinical experience
23 Moxa
GOVERNING VESSEL
3 Spinal canal (1.25-1.75cun deep)
4 Spinal canal (1.25-1. 75cun deep), M oxa (under 20 yr. old)
5 Spinal cana l (1.25-1.75cun deep)
6 Spinal ca nal (1.25-1.75cun deep), Moxa NEEDLING DIRECTIONS (MANUAL)
7 Spinal ca nal (1.25-1.75cun deep), Moxa
8 Spinal canal (1.25-1. 75cun deep)
Perpendicular 90°
9 Spinal canal (1.25-1. 75cun deep) Perpendicular~Oblique 70°

10 Spinal cana l (1.25-1.75cun deep), Needling

11 Spinal ca nal (1.25-1.75cun deep), Needling
12 Spinal cana l (1.25-1.75cun deep)
13 Spinal ca nal (1.25-1.75cun deep)
14 Spinal canal (1.25-1.75cun dee p) Transverse-Oblique 200

~-
15 Spinal cana l (1.25-1.75cun deep), Moxa, Brain
16 Spinal cana l (1.25-1.75cun deep), Moxa, Brain
17 Needling and M oxa
24 Needling 0
25 Moxa

Points I Caution
186 ACUPUNCTURE

40 EXTRAORDINARY POINTS cAM

POINT INDICATION
TAl YANG ~ Supreme Yang Headache, eye diseases, deviation of the eyes and mouth
1
* Headache, head heaviness, epistaxis, rhinorrhea, infantile convulsion,
2 YIN TANG ~D ~ Hall of Impression
frontal headache, insomnia

Alalia, salivation with stiff tongue, sore throat, difficulty in swallowing,

3 SHANG UAN QUAN _l~~ Upper Ridge Spring
loss of voice

ER JIAN ]"!: Ear Apex Redness, swelling and pain of the eyes, febrile disease, nebula
4
* Pain in the supraorbital region, twitching of the eyelids, ptosis,
5 YU YAO f!!. Ml' Fish's Waist
cloudiness of the cornea, redness, swelling and pa in of the eyes
H
E 6 Sl SHEN CONG 1!9~$*-'!. Four Alert Spirit Headache, vertigo, insomnia, poor memory, epilepsy
A 7 QIU HOU n ii Behind the Ball Eye diseases
D
Pain in the face, deviation of the eyes and mouth, spasm of facial
8 JIA CHENG JIANG ~:itxlllt Adjacent to RN24
muscle

9 JIN JIN & YU YE ~;;tt3!:~ Golden Fluid Jade Humor Swelling of the tongue, vomiting, aphasia with stiffness of tongue

10
11
Bl TONG
QIAN ZHENG
• @.

lE
Nose Passage

Pull Aright
Rhinitis, nasal obstruction, nasal boils

Deviation of the eyes and mouth, ulceration on tongue and mouth

12 VI MING
*
~ ll)j Shielding Brightness Eye diseases, tinnitus, insomnia

13 AN MIAN 32 ftlf Peaceful Sleep Insomnia, vertigo, headache, palpitation, mental disorders

14 DING CHUAN :5:: IIAAj Calm Dyspnea Asthma, cough, neck rigidity, pain in the shoulder and back, rubella

Huatuo's Paravertebral Tl-3 (Diseases in the upper limbs),Tl-8 (chest region), T6-L5 (abdominal
15 HUA TUO JIA Jl lli!ft~J'i'
Points region), L1-5 (lower limbs)

16 BAI LAO s ~ Hundred Taxations Scrofula, cough, asthma, whooping cough, neck rigidity

Diabetes, vomiting, abdominal pain, pain in the chest and hypochondriac

T 17 W EI GUAN XIA SHU !!I ~ T11\l Pancreas Hollow
region
R
Lumbar pain, thigh pain, paralysis of the lower extremities, irregular
u 18 5HI Ql ZHUI +tfttT Below the 17th Vertebra
menstruation, dysmenorhea
N
K 19 YAO Ql Ml'
* Lumbar Extra Epilepsy, headache, insomnia, constipation

20 PI GEN g til; Root of Glomus Hepatosplenomegaly, lumbar pain

21 YAO VAN ~ ft~ Lumbar eye Lumbar pain, frequency of urine, irregular menstruation

22 Zl GONG XUE T- 'g Uterus Prolapse of the uterus, irregular menstruation

23 JIAN QIAN Ill WI Shoulder Inner Mound Pain in the shoulder and arm, paralysis of the upper extremities

Apoplexy, coma, epilepsy, high fever, acute tonsillitis, infantile

24 SHI XUAN + :§: Ten Diffusions
convulsion, numbness of the finger tips

25 Sl FENG 1!9 m Four Seams Malnutrition and indigestion syndrome in ch ildren, whooping cough

26 ZHONG KUI cp t! Central Boss Nausea, vomiting, hiccup

i\ Excessive heat, f inge r numbness, spasm and swelling of the dorsum of

27 BA XIE !J"B Eight Pathogens
the hand
A
28 LUO ZHEN )i f:t Stiff Neck Sore neck, pain in the shoulder and arm
R
M 29 YAO TONG XUE Ml'mi1\ Lumbar Pain Acute lumbar sprain

30 ZHONG QUAN cp ~ Central Spring Stuffy chest, gastric pain, spitting of blood
-
31 ER BAI - 8 Two Whites Hemorrhoids, prolapse of the rectum

cp Paralysis, spasm and contracture of the upper extremities, pain of the

32 Bl ZHONG ~ Central Arm
forearm

33 ZHOU JIAN 1ft Tip of the elbow Scrofula

34 HUAN ZHONG 1.!1

*cp Central round Lumbar pain, thigh pain

35 BAI CHONG WO sA:i; Shelter of Hund red insects Rubella, eczema, gastrointestinal parasitic diseases

36 XI VAN .!t ~~ Knee eye Knee pain, w eakness of the lower extremities

L Acute and chronic appendicitis, indigestion, paralysis of the lower

E
37 LAN W EI XUE r..., ~:l\ Appendix point
extremities
G 38 HE DING n rn Crane's summit Knee pain, weakness of the foot and leg, paralysis

Acute and chronic cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, biliary ascariasis, muscular

39 DAN NANG XUE IIUI:l\ Gallbladder point
atrophy and numbness of the lower extremities

40 BA FENG il. IJl Eight Pathogens Beriberi, toe pain, re dness and swelling of the dorsum of the foot

Points I Extra Points

 ACUPUNCTURE 187

EXTRA-POINT LOCATIONS AND NEEDLING

POINT LOCATION NEEDLING

1 TAl YANG In the depression about 1 cun posterior to the midpoint between the lateral
j_ 0.3-0.5
end of the eyebrow and the outer canthus
2 YIN TANG Midway between the medial ends of the two eyebrows - 0.3-0.'5
3 SHANG l/AN QUAN 1 cun below the midpoint of the lower jaw, in the depression between the
hyoid bone and the lower border of the jaw L 0.8-1.2
4 ER JIAN Fold the auricle, the point is at the apex of the auricle j_ 0.1-0.2( 8)
s YU YAO At the midpoint of the eyebrow - 0.3-0.5
H A group of 4 points, at the vertex, 1 cun respectively posterior, anterior and
E 6 51 SHEN CONG
lateral to DU20 - 0.5-1.0
A
7 QIU HOU At the junction of the lateral 1/4 and the medial 3/4 of the infraorbital margin j_ 0.5-1.2
0
8 JIA CHENG JIANG 1 cun lateral to RN24 j_ 0.5-1.0
On t he veins on both sides of the frenulum of the tongue, Jinj in is on the left,
9 JIN JIN & YU YE [] bleeding
Yuye, on the right.
10 Bl TONG At t he highest point of the nasolabial groove - 0.3-0.5 (,f')
11 QIAN 2HENG 0.5-1.0 cun anterior to the auricular lobe L 0.5-1.0
12 VI MING 1 cun posterior to SJ17 j_ 0.5-0.8
13 AN MIAN Midpoint between SJ17 and GB20 j_ 0.5-0.8
14 DING CHUAN 0.5 cun lateral to DU14 j_ 0.5-0.8
A group of 34 points on both sides of the spinal column, 0.5 cun lateral to the 0.5-1 (neck/
15 HUA TUO JIA Jl lower border of each spinous process from the first thoracic vertebrae to the j_ chest)
fifth lumbar vertebra 1-1.5 (lumbar)
16 BAI LAO 2 cu n above DU14, 1 cun lateral to the midline j_ 0.3-0.5
1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the eighth thoracic L
T 17 WEI GUAN XIA SHU 0.5-0.7
vertebra
R
u 18 SHI Ql ZHUI Below the spinous process of the fifth lumbar vertebra j_ 0.8-1.2
N 19 YAO Ql 2 cun directly above the tip of the coccyx - 1.0-2.0 (,f')
K
3.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the first lumbar j_
20 PI GEN 0.5-0.8
vertebra
About 3.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the fourth j_
21 YAO VAN 0.8-1.2
lumbar vertebra. The point is in the depression appearing in prone position.
22 Zl GONG XUE 3 cun lateral to RN3 j_ 0.8-1.2
23 JIAN QIAN Midway between the end of the anterior axillary fold and L/15 j_ 0.8-1.2
24 SHI XUAN On the tips of the ten fingers, about 0.1 cun distal to the nails j_ 0.1-0.2 (i::J)
On the palmar surface, in the midpoint of the transverse crease of the proximal []
25 51 FENG bleeding
interphalangeal joints of the index, middle, ring and little fingers
On the midpoint of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the middle finger at j_
26 ZHONG KUI 3 moxa cones
dorsum aspect
On the dorsum of the hand, at the junction of the white and red skin of the L
27 BA XIE 0.3-0.5
hand webs, eight in all, making a loose fist to locate the points
On the dorsum of the hand, between the second and third metacarpal bones, j_
28 LUO ZHEN 0.5-0.8
about 0.5 cun posterior to metacarpophalangeal joint
A
R On the dorsum of the hand, midway between the transve rse wrist crease and
29 YAO TONG XUE metacarpophalangeal joint, between the second and third metacarpal bones, and L 0.5-1.0
M
between the fourth and fifth metacarpal bones, four points in all on both hands.
30 ZHONG QUAN In the depression between LIS and SJ4 j_ 0.3-0.5
On the metacarpal aspect of the forearm, 4 cun above the transverse wrist
31 ER BAI crease, on the both sides of the tendon of m. flexor carpi radia lis, two points j_ 0.5-1.0
on one hand
On the lateral aspect of the forearm, midway between t he transverse wrist j_
32 Bl ZHONG 1.0-1.2
crease and elbow crease, between the radius and the ulna
j_ 7-14 moxa
33 ZHOU JIAN On the tip of the ulnar olecranon when the elbow is flexed
cones
34 HUAN ZHONG Midway between GB30 and DU2 j_ 1.5-2.0
35 BAI CHONG WO 1 cun above SP10 j_ 1.0-1.2
A pair of points in the two depressions, medial and lateral to the patellar
36 XI VAN ligament, locating the point with the knee flexed . These two points are also j_ 0.5-1.0
L termed medial and lateral Xiyan respectively. Lateral Xiyan overlaps with ST35.
E j_
37 LAN WEI XUE The tender spot about 2 cun below ST36 1.0-1.2
G
38 HE DING In the depression of the midpoint of the superior patellar border j_ 0.3-0.5
39 DAN NANG XUE The tender spot 1-2 cun below GB34 j_ 0.8-1.2
On the dorsum of foot, in the depressions on the w ebs between toes, proximal
40 BA FENG L 0.5-0.8
to the margins of the webs, eight points in all

Points I Extra Points

188 ACUPUNCTURE

ADDITIONAL EXTRA-POINTS FCM & MNL

NAM~ TRANSLATION LOCATION INDICATIONS

~~ Middle of On the lower abdomen, 3cun from the

JING ZHONG • Irregular periods, midcycle bleeding
(i?l iS) Periods midline, level with RN6

JiU9 On the lower abdomen, 3cun from the

Ql MEN Door of Qi • Infertility, heavy periods
(JI!j') midline, level with RN4
~ :I! =If; Lift and On the lower abdomen, 4cun lateral to the • Prolapse of uterus, painful periods, abdominal
Tl TUO (J:11"t) Support midline, level with RN4 pain, abdominal masses, myoma

f,ljli!,' Palace of On the back, 0.5 cun lateral to the point

··· JING GONG • Infertility
(~3) Essence UB52

• Heaviness, swelling and pain of the tongue,

HAl QUAN
:lii.JR Sea Spring
In the center of the frenulum of the lotus flower tongue in children, facial paralysis
(oWl tongue between Jinjin and Yuye • Wasting and thirsting disorder, vomiting,
•· abdominal pain, diarrhea, hiccup

• The five taxations and the seven injunes,

31: 1.5 cun lateral to the prominence of the steaming bone disorder, tidal fever, night
~ HUAN MEN
iiH9 Gate of
spinous process of the fifth thoracic sweating, agitation and heat, poor appetite,
(~/j') Suffering
i
I"'
vertebra (T5) heaviness of the limbs, fatigue, lack of
strength, cough, dyspneoa

Three points of the triangle. Construct an

.=ft!J:ik Triangle equi-lateral triangle of which the apex is • Chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, pain around
SAN JIAO JIU the umbilicus, shan disorder, running piglet qi
(gzt::;>) Moxibustion the umbilicus (RN8), and the sides are
arising from the umbilicus
equal to the length of the patient's smile.

Points I Extra Points

 ACUPUNCTURE 189

EXTRA-POINT PICTURES HEAD AND TRUNK

Yintang

Shanglianquan
Qiuhou

Jiachengjiang

Jianqian - -r--o

Sanjiaojiu
Bitong
~~--t- Anmian
Yiming

Huatuojiaji Indications
Upper Limbs

Chest Region
Weiguanxiashu
Huatuojiaji

10 Pigen
11
Yaoyan
Shiqizhui
Lower limbs
Yaoqi

Points I Extra Points

190 ACUPUNCTURE

EXTRA-POINT PICTURES ARMS AND LEGS

Yaotongxue

Zhongquan

Baichong

Points I Extra Points

 ACUPUNCTURE 191

POINT THERAPEUTICS

THERAPEUTIC POINTS TO KNOW FOR EXAMS

EXTRA EARTH HEAVEN HUMAN
RN DU LU Ll ST SP HT Sl UB KD PC SJ GB LV
3 1 1 4 4 1 5 1 1 1 4 4 13 1
4 3 5 6 6 3 6 3 7 2 5 5 14 2
5 4 6 11 7 4 7 6 10 3 6 6 20 3
6 9 7 15 8 5 8 7 11 6 7 21 5
8 10 9 20 18 6 9 19 12 7 8 24 8
9 12 10 21 8 13 12 26 13
10 14 11 25 9 15 14 30 14
12 15 28 10 17 25 31
13 16 29 15 18 34
14 20 34 21 19 37
15 23 36 20 39
17 26 37 21 40
22 38 22 41
23 39 23
24 40 25
44 28
45 32
39
40
42
43
44
47
48
49
52
57
58
60
62
63
67

GENERAL INDICATIONS -CAM

INDIVIDUAL MERIDIAN TWO M. THREE M.

3
HAND
LU
PC
Disorders of the LU and throat
Disorders of the HT and ST
•
M ental
Disorders of the
chest
YIN HT Disorders of the HT illness

3
HAND
Ll
SJ
Disorders of the forehead, Face, Nose, Mouth and teeth
Disorders of the temporal and hypochondriac regions
•
Disorders
Disorders of the eye,
throat and febrile
YANG Sl Disorders of the occipital region and scapular region and mental illness of the ear disease

3 SP Disorders of the SP and ST Disorders of the

FOOT
YIN
LV
KD
Disorders
Disorders
of
of
the
the
LV
KD, LU, and throat
• external genitalia,
gynecological disease

3
FOOT
ST
GB
Disorders
Disorders
of
of
the
the
face, Mouth, Teeth, Throat, ST, Intestine
ear, Temporal and hypochondriac regions
•
Disorders
Mental illness,
febrile disease
YANG UB Disorders of the neck, dorso-lumbar region. (Back-Shu also for Zang Fu) of the eyes

Meridian INDIVIDUAL MERIDIAN TWO MERIDIANS

REN Prolapse of Yang, collapse, also for general tonification Disorders of Zang-Fu, mental
DU Apoplexy, coma, febrile disease, disorders of the head and face illness, gynecological disorders

Point Therapeutics I Important Points

192 ACUPUNCTURE

THE THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES OF POINTS CAM

REN MERIDIAN
INDICATIONS
RNl Vagin itis, retention of urine, hemorrhoids, nocturnal emission, enuresis, irregular menstruation, mental disorders
Retention and dribbling of urine, enuresis, nocturnal emission, impotence, morbid leukorrhea, irregular menstruation,
RN2 dysmenorrhea, hernia
Enuresis, nocturnal emission, impotence, hernia, uterine bleeding, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, morbid leukorrhea,
RN3 frequency of urination, retention of urine, pain in the lower abdomen, prolapse of the uterus, vaginitis
Enuresis, nocturnal em ission, freq uency of urination, retention of urine, hernia, irregular menstruation, morbid leukorrhea,
RN4 dysmenorrhea, uterine bleeding, postpartum hemorrhage, lower abdominal pain, indigestion, diarrhea, prolapse of the rectum,
f laccid t ype of apoplexy
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, edema, hernia, anuria, enuresis, amenorrhea, morbid leukorrhea, uterine bleeding, postpartum
RNS hemorrhage
Abdominal pain, enuresis, nocturnal emission, impotence, hernia, edema, diarrhea, dysentery, uterine bleeding, irregular
RNG menstruation, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, morbid leukorrhea, postpartum hemorrhage, constipation, f laccid type of apoplexy,
ast hma
Abdominal distention, edema, hernia, irregular menstruation, uterine bleeding, morbid leukorrhea, pruritus vulvae, postpartum
RN7 hemorrhage, abdom inal pa in arou nd t he umbilicus
RN8 Abdominal pain, borborygmus, f laccid t ype of apoplexy, prolapse of the rectum, unchecked diarrhea
RN9 Abdomina l pain, borborygmus, edema, retention of the urine, diarrhea
RNlO Epigastric pain, abdominal pain, borborygmus, indigestion, vomiting, diarrhea
RNll Stomachache, vomiting, abdomina l distention, borborygmus, edema, anorexia
St omachache, abdominal distention, borborygmus, nausea, vomiting, acid regurgit ation, diarrhea, dysentery, jaundice, indigestion,
RN12 insomnia
RN13 St omachache, abdominal distention, nausea, vomiting, epi lepsy, insomnia
Pain in t he cardiac region and the chest, nausea, acid regurgitation, difficulty in swallowing, vomit ing, mental disorders,
RN14 epilepsy, pa lpitation
RNlS Pain in the cardiac region and the chest, nausea, mental disorders, epilepsy
RN16 Distension and fu llness in the chest and intercostal region, hiccup, nausea, anorexia
RN17 Asth ma, pain in the chest, fullness in the chest, palpitation, insufficient lactation, hiccup, difficulty in swallowing
RN18 Pain in the chest, cough, asthma, vom iting
RN19 Pain in the chest, asthma, cough
RN20 Distending pain in the chest and int ercostal region, asthma, cough
RN21 Pain in t he chest, cough, asthma
RN22 Asthma, cough, sore throat, dry throat, hiccup, sudden hoarseness of the voice, difficulty in swallowing, goiter
Swelling and pain of t he subglossa l region, sa livation with glossoplegia, aphasia w ith stiffness of t ongue by apoplexy, sudden
RN23 hoarseness of t he voice, difficulty in swallowing
RN24 Facial puffiness, swelling of the gums, toothache, salivation, mental disorders, deviation of the eyes and mouth

DU MERIDIAN
INDICATIONS
DUl Diarrhea, bloody stools, hemorrhoids, prolapse of the rectum, constipation, pa in in the lower back, epi lepsy
DU2 Irregular menstruation, pain and stiffness of the lower back, hemorrhoids, muscular atrophy of t he lower extremities, epilepsy
Irregular menstruation, nocturnal emission, impotence, pain in the lumbosacral region, muscu lar at rophy, motor impairment,
DU3 numbness and pain of the lower extremities
DU4 Stiffness of t he back, lumbago, impotence, nocturnal emission, irregular menstruation, diarrhea, indigestion, leukorrhea
DUS Pa in and stiffness of the lower back, diarrhea, indigest ion
DUG Pain in the epigast ric region, diarrhea, jaundice, epilepsy, stiffness and pain of the back
DU7 Pain in the epigastric region, low back pain, stiffness of the back
DU8 Epilepsy, st iffness of t he back, gastric pain
DU9 Jaundice, cough, asthma, stiffness of the back, pain in the chest and back
DUlO Cough, asthma, f uruncles, back pain, neck rigidity
DUll Poor memory, anxiety, pa lpitation, pain and stiffness of t he back, cough, cardiac pain
DU12 Cough, asthma, epi lepsy, pain and stiffness of the back, furun cles
DU13 Stiffness of t he back, headache, malaria, febrile diseases
DU14 Neck pain and rigidity, malaria, f ebri le diseases, epilepsy, afternoon fever, cough, asthma, common cold, back stiffness
Mental disorders, epilepsy, deafness and mute, sudden hoarseness of voice, apoplexy, st iffn ess of t he tongue and aphasia,
DUlS occipital headache, neck rigidity
DU16 Headache, neck rigidity, blurring of vision, epist axis, sore throat, post-apoplexy aphasia, hemiplegia, mental disorders
DU17 Epilepsy, dizziness, pain and st iffness of the neck
DU18 Headache, neck rigidity, blurring of vision, mania
DU19 Headache, vertigo, mania, epilepsy
Headache, vertigo, tin nitus, nasal obstruction, aphasia by apoplexy, coma, mental disorders, prolapse of the rectum and the
DU20 uterus
DU21 Epilepsy, dizzi ness, blu rring of vision, vertical headache, rhinorrhea

Point Therapeutics I Indications

 ACUPUNCTURE 193

DU22 Headache, blurring of vision, rhinorrhea, infantile convulsion

DU23 Headache, ophtha lmalgia, epistaxis, rhinorrhea, mental disorders
DU24 Epilepsy, anxiety, palpitation, insomnia, headache, vertigo, rhinorrhea
DU25 Loss of consciousness, nasal obstruction, epistaxis, rhinorrhea, rosacea
DU26 Mental disorder, epilepsy, hysteria, infantile convulsion, coma, apoplexy-faint, trismus, deviation of the mouth and eyes,
puffiness of t he face, pain and stiffness of the lower back
DU27 Mental disorders, lip twitching, lip stiffness, pain and swelling of the gums
DU28 Mental disorders, pain and swelling of the gums, rhinorrhea

LU MERIDIAN OF HAND-TAIYIN
INDICATIONS
LUl Cough, asthma, pa in in t he chest, shoulder and back, fullness of the chest
LU2 Cough, asthma, pain in the chest, shoulder and arm, fullness of the chest
LU3 Asthma, epistaxis, pain in the medial aspect of the upper arm
LU4 Cough, fullness in the chest, pain in the medial aspect of the upper arm

LUS Cough, hemoptysis, afternoon fever, asthma, sore throat, fullness in the chest, infantile convulsions, spasmodic pain of the
elbow and arm, mastitis
LU6 Cough, pain in t he chest, ast hma, hemoptysis, sore throat, spasmodic pain of the elbow and arm
LU7 Headache, migraine, neck rigidity, cough, asthma, sore throat, facia l paralysis, toothache, pain and weakness of the wrist
LU8 Cough, asthma, fever, pain in the chest, sore throat, pain in the wrist
LU9 Cough, asthma, hemopt ysis, sore throat, palpitation, pain in the chest, wrist and arm
LUlO Cough, hemoptysis, sore t hroat, loss of voice, fever, feverish sensation in the palm
LUll Sore throat, cough, asthma, epistaxis, fever, loss of consciousness, mania, spasmodic pain of the thumb

Ll MERIDIAN OF HAND-YANGMING
INDICATIONS
Toothache, sore throat, swelling of the submandibular region, numbness of the f ingers, febrile disease with anhidrosis, loss of
Lll
consciousness
Ll2 Blurring of vision, epistaxis, toothache, sore throat, febrile diseases
Ll3 Toothache, ophtha lmalgia, sore throat, redness and swelling of fingers and the dorsum of the hand
Headache, pain in t he neck, redness, swelling and pain of the eye, epistaxis, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, toothache, deafness,
swelling of the face, sore throat, parotit is, trismus, facial paralysis, febri le diseases with anhidrosis, hidrosis, abdominal pa in,
Ll4 dysentery, constipation, amenorrhea, delayed labour, infantile convulsion, pain, weakness and motor impairment of the upper
limbs
LIS Headache, redness, pain and sw elling of the eye, toothache, sore throat, pain of the wrist
Ll6 Redness of the eye, tinnitus, deafness, epistaxis, aching of the hand and arm, sore throat, edema
Ll7 Headache, swelling of the face, sore throat, borborygmus, abdomina l pain, aching of the shoulder and arm
LIS Abdominal pain, borborygmus, pain in the elbow and arm, motor impairment of the upper limbs
Aching of the shou lder and arm, motor impairment of the upper limbs, numbness of the hand and arm, borborygmus,
Ll9 abdominal pain
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, toothache, swelling of the cheek, motor impairment of the upper limbs, pain in the shoulder and
LllO
back
Sore throat, toothache, redness and pain of the eye, scrofula, urticaria, motor impairment of the upper extremities, abdominal
Llll
pa in, vomiting, diarrhea, febrile diseases
Ll12 Pain numbness and contracture of the elbow and arm
Lll3 Contracture and pain of the elbow and arm, scrofula
Ll14 Pain in the shou lder and arm, rigidity of the neck, scrofula
Ll15 Pain in the shou lder and arm, motor impairment of the upper extremities, rubella, scrofu la
Ll16 Pain and motor impairment of the upper extremities, pain in the shoulder and back
Ll17 Sudden loss of voice, sore th roat, scrofula, goiter
Ll18 Cough, asthma, sore throat, sudden loss of voice, scrofula, goiter
Ll19 Nasal obstruction, epistaxis, deviation of the mouth
Ll20 Nasa l obstruction, hyposmia, epistaxis, rhinorrhea, deviation of the mouth, itching and swelling of the face

ST MERIDIAN OF FOOT-YANGMING
INDICATIONS
STl Redness, swelling and pain of the eye, lacrimation, night blindness, twitching of eyelids, facial paralysis
ST2 Redness, pain and itching of the eye, facial paralysis, twitching of eyelids, pain in the face
ST3 Facia l paralysis, twitching of eyelids, epistaxis, toothache, swelling of lips and cheek
ST4 Deviation of the mouth, salivation, twitching of eyelids
STS Facial paralysis, trismus, swelling of the cheek, pain in the face, toothache
ST6 Facia l paralysis, toothache, swelling of the cheek and fa ce, mumps, trismus
ST7 Deafness, tinnitus, otorrhea, toothache, facial paralysis, pain of the face, motor impairment of the jaw
ST8 Headache, blurring of vision, ophthalmalgia, lacrimation
ST9 Sore throat, asthma, goiter, dizziness, flu shing of the fa ce
STlO Sore throat, asthma, cough

Point Therapeutics I Indications

194 ACUPUNCTURE

STll Sore throat, pain and rigidity of the neck, asthma, hiccup, goiter
ST12 Cough, asth ma, sore throat, pain in the supraclavicular fossa
ST13 f ullness in the chest, asthma, cough, hiccup, pain in the chest and hypochondrium
ST14 Sensation of fu llness and pain in the chest, cough
sns Fullness and pain in t he chest and the costal region, cough, asthma, mastitis
ST16 Fullness and pain in the chest and hypochondrium, cough, asthma, mastitis
ST17 * This point serves on ly as a landmark for locating points on the chest and abdomen
ST18 Pain in the chest , cough, asthma, mastitis, insufficient lact ation
ST19 Abdomina l dist ension, vomiting, gast ric pain, anorexia
ST20 Gastric pain, abdomina l distension, vom iting, anorexia
ST21 Gast ric pai n, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal distension, diarrhea
ST22 Abdominal distension and pain, anorexia, borborygmus, diarrhea, edema
ST23 Gastric pain, irritability, mania, indigestion
ST24 Gastric pain, vomiting. mania
Abdominal pain and distension, borborygmus, pain around the umbilicus, constipation, diarrhea, dysentery, irregular
ST25 menstruation, edema
ST26 Abdominal pain, hern ia, dysmenorrhea
ST27 Lower abdomina l dist ension, dysuria, hernia, seminal em ission, premature ejaculation
ST28 Lower abdomi nal dist ension, retention of urine, edema, hernia, dysmenorrhea, sterility
ST29 Abdominal pain, hernia, dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, leukorrhea, prolapse of the uterus
Abdomina l pain, borborygmus, hernia, swelling and pain of the external genitalia, impotence, dysmenorrhea, irregular
ST30 menstruation
ST31 Pain in the thigh, muscular atrophy, motor impairment, numbness and pain in the lower extremities
Pain in the lumbar and iliac region, coldness of the knee, paralysis or motor impairment and pain in the lower extremities,
ST32 beriberi
ST33 Numbness, soreness, motor impairment of the leg and the knee, motor impairment of the lower extremities
ST34 Pa in and numbness of the knee, gastric pain, mastitis, mot or impairment of the lower extremities
ST35 Pa in, numbness and motor impairment of the knee, beriberi
Gastric pain, vomiting, hiccup, abdominal distension, borborygmus, diarrhea, dysentery, constipation, mastitis, enteritis, aching of
ST36 the knee joint and leg beriberi, edema, cough asthma, emaciation due tom general deficiency, indigestion, apoplexy, hemiplegia,
dizziness, insomnia, mania
ST37 Abdominal pa in and distension, borborygmus, diarrhea, dysentery, constipation, enteritis, paralysis due to stroke, beriberi
numbness, soreness and pain of t he knee and leg, weakness and motor impairment of the foot, pain and motor impairment of
ST38
the shoulder, abdominal pain
ST39 Lower abdomina l pain, backache referring to the testis, mastitis, numbness, and para lysis of the lower extremities
Headache, dizziness and vertigo, cough, asthma, excessive sputum, pain in the chest, constipation, mania, epilepsy, muscular
ST40
atrophy, motor impairment, pain, swelling or paralysis of the lower extremities
Pa in of the ankle joint, muscular atrophy, motor impairment, pain and paralysis of the lower extremities, epilepsy, headache,
ST41
dizziness and vertigo, abdominal distension, constipation
Pain of t he upper teeth, redness and swelling of the dorsum of the foot, facial paralysis, muscular atrophy and motor
ST42 impairment of the foot
ST43 Facial of general edema, abdominal pain, borborygmus, swelling and pain of the dorsum of the foot
Toothache, pain in the face, deviation of the mouth, sore throat, epistaxis, gastric pain, acid regurgitation, abdominal
ST44
distension, diarrhea, dysentery, constipation, swelling and pain of the dorsum of the foot, febrile disease
Facial swelling, deviation of the mouth, epistaxis, toothache, sore throat and hoarse voice, abdomina l distension, coldness in the
ST45
leg and foot, febrile disease, dream-disturbed sleep- mania

SP MERIDIAN OF FOOT-TAIYIN
INDICATIONS
SPl Abdomina l distension, bloody stools, menorrhagia, uterine bleeding, mental disorders, dream-disturbed sleep, convulsion
SP2 Abdominal distension, gastric pain, constipation, febrile diseases with anhidrosis
SP3 Gastric pain, abdomina l distension, constipation, dysentery, vomiting, diarrhea, borborygmus, sluggishness, beriberi
SP4 Gastric pain, vom iting, abdominal pain and distension, diarrhea, dysentery, borborygmus
Abdom inal distension, constipation, diarrhea, borborygmus, pa in and rigidity of the tongue, pain in the foot and ankle,
SPS
hemorrhoids
Abdomina l pain, borborygmus, abdominal distension, diarrhea, dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation, uterine bleeding, morbid
leukorrhea, prolapse of the uterus, sterility, delayed labour, nocturnal emission, impotence, enuresis, dysuria, edema hernia, pain
SP6 in the external genitalia, muscular atrophy, motor impairment, para lysis and pain of the lower extremities, headache, dizziness
and vertigo, insomnia
SP7 Abdominal distension, borborygmus, coldness, numbness and paralysis of the knee and leg
SP8 Abdominal pain and distension, diarrhea, edema, dysuria, nocturnal emission, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea
Abdominal pain and distension, diarrhea, dysentery, edema, jaundice, dysuria, enuresis, incontinence of urine, pain in the
SP9 external genitalia, dysmenorrhea, pain in the knee
Irregu lar menstruation, dysmenorrhea, uterine bleeding, amenorrhea, urticaria, eczema, erysipelas, pain in the medial aspect of
SPl O the thigh
Dysuria, enu resis, pain and swelling in the inguinal region, muscular atrophy, motor impairment, pain and paralysis of the lower
SPll extremities
SP12 Abdominal pain, hernia, dysuria

Point The ra pe utics I Indica tions

 ACUPUNCTURE 195

SP13 Lower abdomina l pain, hernia

SP14 Pain around the umbilical region, abdominal distension, hernia, diarrhea, constipation
SPlS Abdomina l pain and distension, diarrhea, dysentery, constipation
SP16 Abdomina l pain, indigestion, constipation, dysentery
SP17 Fullness and pa in in the chest and hypochondriac region
SP18 Fullness and pa in in the chest and hypochondrium, cough, hiccup, mastitis, insufficient lactation
SP19 Fullness and pa in in the chest and hypochondriac region
SP20 Fullness in the chest and hypochondriac region, cough, hiccup
SP21 Pai n in t he chest and hypochondriac region, asthma, general aching and weakness

HT MERIDIAN OF HAND-SHAOYIN
INDICATIONS
HTl Pain in the costal and ca rdiac regions, scrofula, cold pain of the elbow and arms, dryness of the throat
HT2 Pa in in the cardiac and hypochondriac regions, shoulder and arm
Cardiac pain, spasmod ic pa in and numbness of the hand and arm, tremor of the hand, scrofula, pain in the axilla and
HT3
hypochondriac region
HT4 Card iac pain, spasmodic pain of the elbow and arm, sudden loss of voice
Palpitation, dizziness, blurring of vision, sore throat, sudden loss of voice, aphasia with stiffness of the tongue, pain in the
HTS
wrist and elbow
HT6 Cardiac pa in, hysteria, night sw eating, hemoptysis, epistaxis, sudden loss of voice
Cardiac pain, irritability, pa lpitation, hysteria, amnesia, insomnia, mania, epilepsy, dementia, pain in the hypochondriac region,
HT7
feverish sensation in the palm, yellowish sclera

HTS Palpitation, pain in the chest, spasmodic pain of the little finger, feverish sensation in the palm, enuresis, dysuria, pruritus of
t he external genit alia
HT9 Palpit ations, cardiac pain, pain in the chest and hypochondriac regions, mania, febri le diseases, loss of consciousness

51 MERIDIAN OF HAND-TAIYANG
INDICATIONS
Sll Headache, febrile disease, loss of consciousness, insufficient lactation, sore throat, redness of the eye, cloudiness of the cornea
Sl2 Numbness of the fingers, febri le disease, tinnitus, headache, reddish urine
Pain and rigidity of t he neck, tinnitus, deafness, sore throat, mania, malaria, acute lumbar sprain, night sweati ng, febrile
Sl3
diseases, contracture and numbness of the fingers, pain in the shou lder and elbow
Sl4 Febrile diseases wit h anhidrosis, headache, rigidity of the neck, contracture of the fingers, pa in in the wrist, jaundice
SIS Swelling of the neck and submandibular region, pain of the hand and wrist, febrile disease
Sl6 Blurring of vision, pain in the shoulder, elbow and arm
Sl7 Neck rigidity, headache, dizziness, spasmodic pain in the elbow and fingers, febrile diseases, mania
SIS Headache, swelling of the cheek, pain in the nape, shoulder, arm and elbow, epilepsy
Sl9 Pain in the scapu lar region, motor impairment of the hand and arm
SilO Swelling of the shoulder, aching and weakness of the shoulder and arm
Sill Pain in the scapu lar region, pain in the lateroposterior aspect of the elbow and arm, asthma
Sl12 Pa in in the scapu lar region, numbness and aching of the upper extremities, motor impairment of the shoulder and arm
SIB Pain and stiffness of the scapular region
Sl14 Aching of the shou lder and back, pain and rigidity of the neck
Sl15 Cough, asthma, pa in in the shoulder and back , hemoptysis
Sl16 Sore throat, sudden loss of voice, deafness, tinnitus, stiffness and pain of the neck
Sl17 Deafness, tinnitus, sore throat, swelling of the cheek, foreign body sensation in the throat, goiter
Sl18 Facial paralysis, twitch ing of eyelids, pain in the face, toothache, swelling of the cheek, yellowish sclera
Sl19 Deafness, tinnitus, otorrhea, motor impairment of the mandibular joint, toothache

UB MERIDIAN OF FOOT-TAIYANG
INDICATIONS
Redness, swelling and pain of the eye, itching of the canthus, lacrimation, night blindness, colour blindness, blurring of vision
UBl
myopia
Headache, blurring and fai ling of vision, pain in the supraorbital region, lacrimation, redness, swelling and pain of the eye,
UB2
twitch ing of eyelids, glaucoma
UB3 Headache, giddiness, epilepsy, nasal obstruction
UB4 Headache, nasal obstruction, epistaxis, blurring and failing of vision
UBS Headache, blurring of vision, epilepsy, convu lsion
UB6 Headache, Blurring of vision, nasal obstruction
UB7 Headache, giddiness, nasa l obstruction, epistaxis, rhinorrhea
UBS Dizziness, blurring of vision, tinnitus, mania
UB9 Headache and neck pain, dizziness, ophthalmalgia, nasal obstruction
UBlO Headache, nasal obstruction, sore throat, neck rigidity, pain in the shoulder and back
UBll Headache, pain in the neck and back, pain and soreness in the scapular region, cough, fever, neck rigidity
UB12 Common cold, cough, fever and headache, neck rigidity, backache

Point Therapeutics I Indications

196 ACUPUNCTURE

UB13 Cough, asthma, chest pain, spitting of blood, afternoon fever, night sweating
UB14 Cough, cardiac pain, palpitation, stuffy chest, vomiting
UBlS Cardiac pain, panic, loss of memory, palpitation, cough, spitting of blood, nocturnal emission, night sweating, mania, epilepsy
UB16 Cardiac pain, Stomachache
UB17 Vomiting, hiccup, belching, difficulty in swallowing, asthma, cough, spitting of blood, afternoon fever, night sweating, measles
Jaundice, pain in the hypochondriac region, redness of the eye, blurring of vision, night blindness, mental disorders, epilepsy,
UB18 backache, spitting of blood, epistaxis
UB19 Jaundice. bitter taste of the mouth, pain in the chest and hypochondriac region, pulmonary tuberculosis, afternoon fever
Epigastric pain, abdominal distension, jaundice, vomiting, diarrhea, dysentery, bloody stools, profuse menstruation, edema,
UB20
anorexia, backache
UB21 Pain in the chest and hypochondriac regions, anorexia, abdominal distension, borborygmus, diarrhea, nausea vomiting
UB22 Borborygmus, abdominal distension, indigestion, vomiting, diarrhea, dysentery, edema, pain and stiffness of the lower back
Nocturnal emission, impotence, enuresis, irregular menstruation, leukorrhea, low back pain, weakness of the knee, blurring of
UB23 vision, dizziness, tinnitus, deafness, edema, asthma, diarrhea
UB24 Low back pain, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, asthma
Low back pain, borborygmus, abdominal distension, diarrhea, constipation, muscular atrophy, pain, numbness and motor
UB25 impairment of the lower extremities, sciatica
UB26 Low back pain, abdominal distension, diarrhea, enuresis, sciatica, frequent urination
Lower abdominal pain and distension, dysentery, nocturnal emission, hematuria, enuresis, morbid leukorrhea, lower back pain,
UB27
sciatica
UB28 Retention of urine, enuresis, frequent urination, diarrhea, constipation, stiffness and pain o the lower back
UB29 Dysentery, hernia, stiffness and pain of the lower back
Enuresis, pain due to hernia, morbid leukorrhea, irregular menstruation, cold sensation and pain of the lower back, dysuria,
UB30
constipation, tenesmus, prolapse of the rectum
UB31 Low back pain, dysuria constipation, irregular menstruation, morbid leukorrhea, prolapse of the uterus
Low back pain, hernia, irregular menstruation, leukorrhea, dysmenorrhea, nocturnal emission, impotence, enuresis, dysuria,
UB32
muscular atrophy, pain, numbness and motor impairment of the lower extremities
UB33 Low back pain, constipation, diarrhea, dysuria, irregular menstruation, morbid leukorrhea
UB34 Low back pain, lower abdominal pain, dysuria, constipation, morbid leukorrhea
UB35 Dysentery, bloody stools, diarrhea, hemorrhoids, impotence, morbid leukorrhea
Pain in the lower back and gluteal region, constipation, muscular atrophy, pain, numbness and motor impairment of the lower
UB36
extremities
Pain in the lower back and thigh, muscular atrophy, pain, numbness and motor impairment of the lower extremities,
UB37
hemiplegia
UB38 Numbness of the gluteal and femoral regions, contracture of the tendons in the popliteal fossa
UB39 Stiffness and pain of the lower back, distension and fullness of the lower abdomen, edema, dysuria, cramp of the leg and foot
Low back pain, motor impairment of the hip joint, contracture of the tendons in the popliteal fossa, muscular atrophy, pain,
UB40
numbness and motor impairment of the lower extremities, hemiplegia, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, erysipelas
UB41 Stiffness and pain on the shoulder, back and neck, numbness of the elbow and arm
UB42 Pulmonary tuberculosis, hemoptysis, cough, asthma, neck rigidity, pain in the shoulder and back
UB43 Pulmonary tuberculosis, cough, asthma, spitting of blood, night sweating, poor memory, nocturnal emission
UB44 Asthma, cardiac pain, palpitation, stuffy chest, cough, stiffness and pain of the back
UB45 Cough, asthma, pain of the shoulder and back
UB46 Dysphagia, hiccup, vomiting, belching, pain and stiffness of the back
UB47 Pain in the chest and hypochondriac region, back pain, vomiting, diarrhea
UB48 Borborygmus, abdominal pain, diarrhea, pain in the hypochondriac region, jaundice
UB49 Abdominal distension, borborygmus, vomiting, diarrhea, difficulty in swallowing
UBSO Abdominal distension, pain in the epigastric region and back, infantile indigestion
UBSl Abdominal pain, constipation, abdominal mass
UBS2 Nocturnal emission, impotence, enuresis, frequent urination, dysuria, irregular menstruation, pain in the back and knee, edema
UBS3 Borborygmus, abdominal distension, pain in the lower back, anuria
Pain in the lumbosacral region, muscular atrophy, motor impairment of the lower extremities, dysuria. swelling around external
UBS4
genitalia, hemorrhoids, constipation
UBSS Low back pain and paralysis of the lower extremities
UBS6 Spasm of the gastrocnemius, hemorrhoids, acute lower back pain
UB57 Low back pain, spasm of the gastrocnemius, hemorrhoids, constipation, beriberi
UBS8 Headache, blurring of vision, nasal obstruction, epistaxis, back pain, hemorrhoids, weakness of the leg
Heavy sensation of the head, headache, low back pain, redness and swelling of the external malleolus, paralysis of the lower
UB59
extremities
Headache, blurring of vision neck rigidity, epistaxis, pain in the shoulder, back and arm, swelling and pain of the heel, difficult
UB60
labour, epilepsy
UB61 Muscular atrophy and weakness of the lower extremities, pain in the heel
UB62 Epilepsy, mania, headache, dizziness, insomnia, backache, aching of the leg
Mania, epilepsy, infantile convulsion, backache, pain in the external malleolus, motor impairment and pain of the lower
UB63
extremities
UB64 Headache, neck rigidity, pain in the lower back and thigh, epilepsy
UB65 Mania, headache, neck rigidity, blurring of vision, backache, pain in the lower extremities

Point Therapeutics I Indications

 ACUPUNCTURE 197

Headache, neck rigidity, blurring of vision, epistaxis, mania

Headache, nasal obstruction, epistaxis, ophthalmalgia, mal position of fetus, difficult labour, detention of afterbirt h

KD MERIDIAN OF FOOT-SHAOYIN
INDICATIONS
KDl Headache, blurring of vision, dizziness, sore throat, dryness of the tongue, loss of voice, dysuria, infantile convu lsions, feverish
sensation in the sole, loss of consciousness

KD2 Pruritus vulvae, prolapse of uterus, irregular menstruation, nocturnal emission, hemoptysis, t hirst, diarrhea, swelling and pain of
the dorsum of foot, acute infantile omphalitis

KD3 Sore th roa t, toothache, deafness, t innitus, dizziness, spitting of blood, asthma, thirst, irregu lar menstruation, insomnia, nocturnal
emission, impotence, frequency of micturition, pain in the lower back
KD4 Spitt ing of blood, asthma, stiffness and pain of then lower back, dysuria, constipation, pa in in the heel, dement ia
KDS Amenorrhea, irregu lar menstruation, dysmenorrhea, prolapse of uterus, dysuria, blurring of vision
KD6 Irregular menstruation, morbid leukorrhea, prolapse of uterus, pruritus vulvae, frequency of micturition, retention of urine,
constipation, epi lepsy, insomnia, sore t hroat, asthma

KD7 Edema, abdominal distension, diarrhea, borborygmus, muscular atrophy of the leg, night sweating, spontaneous sweating, febri le
diseases without sweat ing
KD8 Irregular menst ruation, dysmenorrhea, uterine bleeding, prolapse of uterus, diarrhea, constipation, pain and swelling of testis
KD9 Mental disorders, pain in t he foot and lower leg, hernia
KDlO Impot ence, hernia, uterine bleeding, dysuria, pain in the knee and popliteal fossa, mental disorders
KDll Fullness and pa in in t he lower abdomen, dysuria, enuresis, nocturnal emission, impotence, pain of genitalia
KD12 Nocturna l emission, impotence, morbid leukorrhea, pain in the external genitalia, prolapse of uterus
KD13 Irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, dysuria, abdominal pain, diarrhea
KD14 Abdominal pain and distension, diarrhea, nocturnal emission, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, postpartum abdom inal pain
KDlS Irregular menst ruation, abdominal pain, constipation
KD16 Abdom inal pain and distension, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea
KD17 Abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation
KD18 Vomiting, abdomina l pain, constipation, postpartum abdomina l pa in, sterility
KD19 Borborygmus, abdominal pa in, epigastric pain, constipation, vomiting
KD20 Abdominal pain and distension, vomiting, indigestion
KD21 Abdomi nal pain and distension, indigestion, vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, morning sickness
KD22 Cough, asthma, distension and fu llness in the chest and hypochondriac region, vomiting, anorexia
KD23 Cough, ast hma, fu llness in the chest and hypochondriac region, mastitis
KD24 Cough, asthma, f ullness in t he chest and hypochondriac region, mastitis
KD25 Cough, asthma, chest pain
KD26 Cough, asthma, Accumu lation of phlegm, fullness in the chest and hypochondriac region
KD27 Cough, asthma, chest pain

PC MERIDIA N OF HAND-JUEYIN
INDICATIONS
PCl Suffocating sensation in the chest, pain in the hypochondriac region, swelling and pain of the axillary region
PC2 Ca rdiac pain, distension of the hypochondriac region, cough, pain in the chest, back and the medial aspect of the arm
Ca rdiac pa in, pa lpitation, febrile, diseases, irritability, stomachache, vomiting, pain in the elbow and arm, tremor of the hand
PC3 and arm
PC4 Cardiac pain, palpitation, epistaxis, hematemesis, hemoptysis, chest pain, furuncle, epilepsy
Card iac pain, palpitation, stomachache, vomiting, febrile diseases, irritability, malaria, mental disorders, epilepsy, swelling of the
PCS axilla, contracture of the elbow and arm
Cardiac pain, palpitation, stuffy chest, pain in the hypochondriac region, stomachache, nausea, vomiting, hiccup, mental
PC6 disorders, epilepsy, insomnia, febrile diseases, irritability, malaria, contracture and pain of the elbow and arm
Cardiac pa in, palpitation, stomachache, vomiting, mental disorders, epilepsy, stuffy chest, pain in the hypochondriac region,
PC7 convulsion, insomnia, irritability, foul breath
PC8 Cardiac pain, mental disorder, epilepsy, gastritis, foul breath, fungus infection of the hand and foot, vomiting, nausea
Cardiac pain, palpitation, loss of consciousness, aphasia w ith stiffness and swelling of the tongue, febrile diseases, heat stroke,
PC9 convulsion, feverish sensation in the palm

SJ MERIDIAN OF HAND-SHAOYANG
INDICATIONS
SJl Headache, redness of the eyes, sore throat, stiffness of the tongue, febrile diseases, irritability
SJ2 Headache, redness of the eyes, sudden deafness, sore throat, malaria, pain in the arm
Headache, redness of the eyes, deafness, tinnitus, sore throat, febril e diseases, pain in the elbow and arm, motor impairment
SJ3 of fingers
SJ4 Pa in in t he arms, shou lder and wrist, malaria, deafness, thrist
Febrile diseases, headache, pain in the cheek, strained neck, deafness, tinnitus, pain in the hypochondriac region, motor
SJS impairment of the elbow and arm, pain of the fingers, hand tremor
Tinnit us, deafness, pain in the hypochondriac region, vomiting, constipation, febrile diseases, aching and heavy sensation of the
SJ6 shoulder and back, sudden hoarseness of voice
SJ7 Deafness, pain in the ear, epilepsy, pain of the arm

Point Therapeutics I Indications

198 ACUPUNCT URE

SJB Deafness, sudden hoarseness of voice, pain in the chest and hypochondriac region, pain in the hand and arm, toothache
SJ9 Deafness, toothache, migraine, sudden hoarseness of voice, pain in the forearm
SJlO Migraine, pain in the neck, shoulder and arm, epilepsy, scrofula, goiter
SJll Motor impairment and pain of the shoulder and arm, migraine
SJ12 Headache, neck rigidity, motor impairment and pain of the arm
SJ13 Goiter, pain in the shou lder and arm
SJ14 Pain in motor impairment of t he shoulder and upper arm
SJlS Pa in in the shou lder and elbow, stiffness of the neck
SJ16 Headache, neck rigidity, facial swelling, blurring of vision, sudden deafness
SJ17 Tinnitus, deafness, otorrhea, facia l paralysis, toothache, swelling of the cheek, scrofula, trismus
SJ18 Headache, tinnit us, deafness, infantile convu lsion
SJ19 Headache, tin nitus, deafness, pa in in the ear, infantile convulsion
SJ20 Tinnitus, redness, pain and swelling of the eye, swelling of the gum, toothache, parotitis
SJ21 Tinnitus, deafness, otorrhea, toothache, stiffness of the lip
SJ22 Migraine, tinnitus, lockjaw
SJ23 Headache, redness and pain of the eye, blurring of vision, twitching of the eyelid, toothache, facial paralysis

GB MERIDIAN OF FOOT-SHAOYANG
INDICATIONS
GBl Headache, redness and pa in of the eyes, failing of vision, lacrimation, deviation of the eye and mouth
GB2 Deafness, tinnitus, toothache, motor impairment of the temporomandibu lar joint, mumps, deviation of the eye and mouth
GB3 Headache, deafness, tinnitus, diplacusis, deviation of the eye and mouth, toothache
GB4 Migraine, vertigo, tinnitus, pain in the outer canthus, toothache, convu lsion, epilepsy
GBS M igraine pain in the outer canthus, facial swelling
GB6 Migraine pain in the outer canthus, tinnitus, frequent sneezing
GB7 Headache, swelling of the cheek, trismus, pain in the temporal region, infant ile convulsion
GBB M igraine, vertigo, vomiting, infantile convulsion
GB9 Headache, epilepsy, swelling and pain of the gums, convulsion
GBlO Headache, tinnitus, deafness
GBll Pain of the head and neck, tinnitus, deafness, pain in the ears
GB12 Headache, insomnia, swelling of the cheek, retroauricular pain, deviation of the eye and mouth, toothache
GB13 Headache, insomnia, vertigo, epilepsy
Headache in the frontal region, pain in the orbital ridge, eye pain, vertigo, twitching of the eyelids, ptosis of the eye lids,
GB14
lacrimation
GBlS Headache, vertigo, lacrimation, pain in the outer canthus, rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction
GB16 Headache, vertigo, reed and painful eyes, nasal obstruction
GB17 Migraine vertigo
GB18 Headache, vertigo, epist axis, rhinorrhea
GB19 Headache, stiffness of the neck, vertigo, painfu l eyes, tinnitus, epilepsy
Headache, vertigo, insomnia, pain and stiffness of the neck, blurred vision, glaucoma, red and painf ul eyes, tinnitus, convu lsion,
GB20
epilepsy, infantile convulsion, febrile diseases, common cold, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea
Pain and rigidity of the neck, pain in the shoulder and back, motor impairment of the arm, insuff icient lactation, mast it is,
GB21
scrofula, apoplexy, difficult labour
GB22 Fullness of the chest, swelling of the axillary region, pa in in the hypochondriac region, pain and mot or impairment of the arm
GB23 Fullness of the chest , pain in the hypochondriac region, asthma
GB24 Pain in the hypochondriac region. vomiting, acid regurgitation, hiccup, jaundice, mastitis
GB2S Abdomina l distension, borborygmus, diarrhea, pain in the lumbar and hypochondriac region
GB26 Irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, leukorrhea, abdominal pa in, hernia, pain in the lumbar and hypochondriac region
GB27 Leukorrhea, lower abdominal pain, lumbar pain, hernia, constipation
GB28 Leukorrhea, lower abdominal pain, hernia, prolapse of uterus
GB29 Pain and numbness in the thigh and lumbar region, para lysis, muscular atrophy or the low er limbs
GB30 pain of the lumbar region and thigh, muscular at rophy of the lower limbs, hemiplegia
GB31 Pain and sourness in the thigh and lumbar region, paralysis of the low er limbs, beriberi, general pruritus
GB32 Pain and soreness of the thigh and knee, numbness and weakness of the lower limbs, hemiplegia
GB33 Swelling and pain of the knee, contracture of the t endons in poplitea l fossa, numbness of the leg
Hemiplegia, w eakness, numbness and pain of the lower extremities, sw elling and pain of the knee, beriberi, hypochondriac
GB34
pain, bitter t aste in the mouth, vomiting jaundice, infantile convulsion
GB35 Fullness of the chest and hypochondriac region, muscular atrophy and paralysis of the leg
GB36 Pain in the neck, chest, thigh and hypochondriac region, rabies
Pain in the knee, muscular atrophy, mot or impairment and pain of the lower extremit ies, bl urring of vision, opht halmalgia,
GB37
night blindness, dist ending pain of the breast
Migraine, pain of the outer canthus, pain in the axillary region, scrofula, lumba r pain, pain in t he chest , hypochondriac region
GB38
and lateral aspect of the lower extremities, malaria
Apoplexy, hemiplegia, pain of the neck, abdominal distension, pain in t he hypochondriac region, muscular atrophy of the lower
GB39
limbs, spastic pain of the leg, beriberi

Point The rapeutics I Indications

 ACUPUNCTURE 199

Pain in the neck, swelling nin the axillary region, pain in the hypochondriac region, vomiting, acid regurgitation, muscular
GB40
atrophy of the lower limbs, pain and swelling of the external malleolus, malaria
Headache, vertigo, pain of the outer canthus, scrofula, pain in the hypochondriac region, distending pain of the breast, irregular
GB41
menstruation, pain and swelling of the dorsum of the foot, spastic pain of the foot and toe
GB42 Pain of the canthus, tinnitus, distending pain of the breast, swelling and pain of the dorsum of foot
Headache, dizziness and vertigo, pain of the outer canthus, tinnitus, deafness, swelling of the cheek, pain in the hypochondriac
GB43
region, distending pain of the breast, febrile diseases
GB44 Migraine, deafness, tinnitus, ophthalmalgia, dream-disturbed sleep, febrile diseases

LV MERIDIAN FOOT-JUEYIN
INDICATIONS
LVl Hernia, enuresis, uterine bleeding, prolapse of the uterus, epilepsy
Pain in the hypochondrium, abdominal distension, headache, dizziness and vertigo congestion, swelling and pain of the eye,
LV2
deviation of the mouth, hernia, painful urination, retention of urine, irregular menstruation, epilepsy, insomnia, convulsion
Headache, dizziness a'nd vertigo, insomnia, congestion, swelling and pain of the eye, depression, infantile convulsion, deviation
LV3 of the mouth, pain in the hypochondriac region, uterine bleeding, hernia, enuresis, retention of urine, epilepsy, pain in the
anterior aspect of the medial malleolus
LV4 Hernia, pain in the external genitalia, nocturnal emission, retention of urine, distending pain in the hypochondrium
LVS Retention of urine, enuresis, hernia, irregular menstruation, leukorrhea, pruritus vulvae, weakness and atrophy of the leg
LV6 Abdominal pain, hypochondriac pain, diarrhea, hernia, uterine bleeding, prolonged lochia
LV7 Pain of the knee
Prolapse of uterus, lower abdominal pain retention of urine, nocturnal emission, pain in the external genitalia, pruritus vulvae,
lV8
pain in the medial aspect of the knee and thigh
lV9 Pain in the lumbosacral region, lower abdominal pain enuresis, retention of urine, irregular menstruation
lVlO Lower abdominal distention and fullness, retention of urine
LVll Irregular menstruation, leukorrhea, lower abdominal pain, pain in the thigh and leg
lV12 Lower abdominal pain, hernia, pain in the external genitalia
LV13 Abdominal distension, borborygmus, pain in the hypochondriac region, vomiting, diarrhea, indigestion
LV14 hypochondriac pain, abdominal distension, hiccup, acid regurgitation, mastitis, depression, febrile disease

Point Therapeutics I Indic a tions

200 ACUPUNCTURE

COMPREHENSIVE POINT CHARTS QDEX, CAM

LU CHANN EL OF HAND-TA IYIN

LU1 Zhongfu 'Pff.f(5!¥!) Central Residence I

NATURE Front-collecting (Front-Mu) of LU, Crossing point of Tai Yin (LU and SP).
Approximately 1 cun directly below LU2 (Yunmen) . To find it first locate LU2, which is located on the lateral side of
the anterior chest, in the clear depression just inferior to the clavicle, just medial to the coracoid process, and just
LOCATION
lateral to the thorax, between the pectoralis major and deltoid muscles. From this depression, move about 1 cun
inferior and slightly lateral to find a slight depression, this depression is LUl.
ACTIONS Regulates Lung Qi, stops cough, stimulates the descending of Lung Qi, disperses fullness in the chest and stops pa in.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, pain in the chest, pain in the shoulder and back, and fullness of the chest.
Oblique insertion pointed laterally, 0.5-0.8 cun.
TECHNIQU E
CAUTION: to avoid injuring the lung, no deep medially pointed insertion is allowed. Moxibustion is applicable.

LU2 Yummen mr,(~~l Cloud's Door I

On the lateral side of the anterior chest, in the clear depression just inferior to the clavicle, just medial to the
LOCATION
coracoid process, and just lateral to the thorax, between the pectoralis major and deltoid muscles.
ACTIONS Disperses ful lness in the chest, stops cough, and stimulates the desce nding of Lung Qi.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, pain in the chest, shoulder and arm, and fullness in the chest.
Oblique insertion pointed laterally, 0.5-0.8 cun. CAUTION: to avoid injuring the lung, no deep medially pointed
TECHNIQUE
insertion is allowed. Moxibustion is applicable.

LU3 Tianfu 5\:ff.f(~l¥!) Hevenly Residence I

On the lateral side of the upper arm, 3 cun below the anterior end of the axilla on the radial side of the biceps
brachii. Remembering that the distance between the axillary and cubital creases is taken as 9 cun, we divide this
LOCATION
distance into thirds and LU3 lies at the junction of the upper third and lower two thirds in the depression formed by
the radial side of biceps brachii and the humerus.
ACTIONS Clears Lung Heat and descends Lung Qi, Cools blood and stops bleeding, Calms Po (corporeal soul).
INDICATIONS Asthma, epistaxis, and pain in the side of the upper arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1 cun.

LU4 Xiabai ~8(gj!t!i) Guarding White I

One cun below LU3, 4 cun below the axilla. Remembering that the distance from the axillary and cubital creases is 9
LOCATION cun, find the midpoint and move superiorly 0.5 cun to the depression formed by the radial side of biceps brachii and
the humerus.
ACTIONS Descends Lung Qi, Regulates qi and blood in the chest.
INDICATIONS Cough, fullness of the chest, and pain in the side of the upper arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LUS Chize Rii("'!E!i) Cubit Marsh I

NATURE He-sea, Water point.
With the elbow slightly bent, this point is found on the cubital crease on the radial side of the tendon of biceps
LOCATION
brachii.
Drains Lung Heat, stimulates the descending of Lung Qi and suppresses rebellious Qi, expels Phlegm from the Lung,
ACTIONS
relaxes the sinews and muscles, and benefits the Bladder.
Cough, hemoptysis, afternoon tidal fever, asthma, sore throat, fullness of the chest, infantile convulsions, spasmodic
INDICATIONS
pain in the elbow and arm, and mastitis.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1 cun.

LU6 Kongzui 1LI1t(~il) Biggest Hole I

NATURE Xi-Cleft point.
On the palmar side of the forearm , on the line connecting LU9 (Taiyuan , located at the radial end of the transverse
crease of the wrist) and LUS (Chize, located on the radial side of the biceps tendon at the tranverse cubital crease), 7
LOCATION
cun above the transverse crease of the wrist. Remembering that the distance from the tranverse crease of the wrist
and the transverse cubital crease is considered 12 cun, find the midpoint and move proximally 1 cun to locate LU6.
Regulates Lung Qi, stimulates the descending of Lung Qi and suppresses rebellious Lung Qi, clears Heat, and stops
ACTIONS
bleeding.
INDICATIONS Cough, pain in the chest, asthma, hemoptysis, sore throat, and spasmodic pain in the elbow and arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Point Therapeutics I Comprehensive Charts

 ACUPUNCTURE 201

LU7 lieque ~l]tiR(g: ~) Broken Sequence 1

NATURE Luo-connecting point, Opening point of Ren, Command point of head/neck.
Superior to the styloid process of the radius, 1.5 cun above the transverse crease of the wrist. (While placing the
LOCATION thumb and middle finger on each of the styloid process, place the index finger on the styloid process and slide index
finger superiorly until a depression is felt. The point is located here.)
Opens up the Lungs, stimulates the descending and dispersing of Lung Qi, expels Wind, circulates the Defensive Qi and
ACTIONS releases the Exterior, opens and regulates the Ren Channel, opens the nose, benefits the Bladder and opens the Water
passages, and communicates with the Large Intestine Channel.
INDICATIONS Headache, migraine, neck rigid ity, cough, asthma, sore throat, facial paralysis, toothache, and pain and wrist weakness.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion pointed toward the elbow, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LUS Jingqu *!i!~( ~)l ) Channel Canal J

NATURE Jing-River and Metal point.
LOCATION 1 cun above the transverse crease of the wrist in the hollow on the lateral side of the radial artery.
ACTIONS Descends Lung Qi and alleviates cough and wheezing.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, fever, pain in the chest, sore throat, and pain in the wrist.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.1-0.3 cun. Avoid puncturing the radial artery.

LU9 Taiyuan ;;b~ ( Elle:l) Greater Abyss j

NATURE Youn-Source, Stream, Earth and Tonification point, Influential point of Vessel.
At the rad ial end of the transverse crease of the wrist, in the depression between the tendons of flexor carpi radialis
LOCATION
and abductor pollicis longus, on the lateral side of the radial artery.
Expels Wind, resolves Phlegm, regulates Lung Qi and stops cough, ton ifies Lung Qi and Yin, tonifies the Gathering Qi of
ACTIONS
the chest, promotes the circulation of Blood and influences the Pulse, and clears Heat of the Lungs and Liver.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, hemoptysis, sore throat, palpitation, pain in the chest, wrist, and arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.2-0.3 cun. Avoid puncturing the radial artery. M oxi bustion is applicable.

LU10 Yuji #I.~ (Ol Xil) Fish Border I

NATURE Ying-Spring and Fire point.
On the palmar side of the hand, at the midpoint of t he first metacarpa l bone. (In the depression between the first
LOCATION
metacarpus and the thenar eminence.) Classically described as at the junction of t he red and white skin.
ACTIONS Clears Lung Heat and benefits the throat.
INDICATIONS Cough, hemoptysis, sore throat, loss of voice, fever, and hot sensation in the palm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. M oxibustion is applicable.

LU11 Shaoshang :l>i!li ( :::l:~,') Lesser Metal I

NATURE Jing-Well and Wood point.
LOCATION On the radia l side of the thumb, about 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of the nail.
Expels Wind (both Exterior and Interior), stimu lat es the dispersing and descending of Lung Qi, benefits the pharynx,
ACTIONS
opens the orifices, and promotes resuscitation.
INDICATIONS Sore throat, cough, asthma, epist axis, fever, loss of consciousness, mania, and spasmodic pai n in the thumb.
TECHNIQUE Slanted insertion, pointed proximally, 0.1 cun, or prick the point drawing a few drops of blood.

Ll CHANNEL OF HAND-YANGMING I
Ll1 Shangyang i!li~ ( ~~l l Metal Yang 1
NATURE Jing-Well and M eta l point.
LOCATION On the radial side of the index finger, about 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of t he nail.
ACTIONS Expe ls Wind, scatters Cold, clea rs Heat, brightens the eyes, benefits the throat, and ca lms the M ind.
Toothache, sore t hroat, swelling of the submandibular region, numbness of t he fingers, febrile diseases without
INDICATIONS
sweating, and loss of consciousness.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion 0.1 cun, or prick the point to ca use bleed ing.

Ll2 Erjian r., (OI 2!"l 1 Second Interval I

NATURE Ying-Spring and Water point.
LOCATION On the radial side of t he index fin ger, dista l to the metacarpal-pha langeal joint, located with the finger slight ly f lexed.
ACTIONS Clears Heat .
INDICATIONS Blurred vision, epistaxis, toothache, sore throat, and febrile diseases.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.2-0.3 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Point Therapeutics I Comprehensive Charts

202 ACUPUNCTURE

Ll3 Sanjian -r.,(~Z!l I Third Interval I

NATURE Shu-Strea m and Wood poi nt.
On the radial side of t he index f inger, w hen a loose f ist is made the point is in the depression proximal to the head
LOCATION
of t he second metacarpal bone.
ACTIONS Dispels Exterior Wi nd, clears Heat, benefits the t hroat, and brightens t he eyes.
INDICATIONS Toothache, painfu l eyes, sore t hroat, redness and swelling of the finge rs and the dorsum of the hand.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular inse rtion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Ll4 Hegu .g-~(~~ )1 Joining Valleys I

NATURE Yuan-Source point, Command point of face.
On the dorsum of the hand, between t he 1st and 2nd met acarpal bones, approximately in t he middle of the 2nd
LOCATION
metacarpal bone on the radial side.
Dispels Wind, releases and consolidates the Exterior, stimulates the dispersing and descending of Lung Qi, suppresses
ACTIONS
pain, removes Obstructions from the Channel, tonifies Qi, and harmonizes Ascending & Descending.
Headache, pai n in the neck, redness, swelling and pain of the eye, epistaxis, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, toothache,
deafness, swelling of the face, sore throat, parotitis, trismus, facial para lysis, febrile diseases without sweating, hidrosis,
INDICATIONS
abdominal pain, dysentery, constipation, amenorrhea, delayed labor, infantile convulsion, pain, weakness, and motor
impairment of the upper limbs.
Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-1 cun. Moxibustion is applicable. Acupuncture or moxibustion of t his point is
TECHNIQUE
cont raindicated in pregnant women.

LIS Yangxi I
l!!l;ta(g} J!l 1 Yang Stream I
NATURE Jing-River and Fire point.
On t he radial side of t he wrist, in t he center of the hol low formed between the tendons of extensor pollicis longus
LOCATION
and extensor pollicis brevis w hen the thumb is extended (the "anatomical sn uffbox").
ACTIONS Expels Wind, releases the Exterior, benefits the t hroat, and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Headache, redness, pain and swelling of the eye, toothache, sore throat, and pain in the wrist.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Ll6 Pianli ifii~(l':!~ l l Slanting Passage I

NATURE Luo-Connecting point.
W ith t he elbow f lexed, t he point is found on the radial side of the forearm, 3 cun above Ll S (Yangxi) on the line
connecting Ll S (Yangxi) and Llll (Quchi). Remembering that the distance from the transverse wrist crease (where LIS
LOCATION
is located) to the transverse cubital crease (where Ll ll is located) is 12 cun, move 3 cun proximally from Ll S to
locate the level of Ll 6.
ACTIONS Opens the Water passages of the Lungs.
INDICATIONS Redness of the eye, tinnitus, deafness, epistaxis, pain in the hand and arm, sore throat, and edema.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular or oblique insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Ll7 Wenliu )lli\~(8¥fl[ Warm Flow I

NATURE Xi-Cleft point.
With the elbow f lexed, the point is found on the radial side of the forearm, 5 cun above Ll S (Yangxi) on the line
connecting Ll S (Yangxi) and Ll ll (Quchi). Remembering that the distance from the transverse wrist crease (where LIS
LOCATION
is located) to the transverse cubital crease (where Ll ll is located) is 12 cun, move 5 cun proximally from Ll-5 to
locate t he level of Ll 7.
ACTIONS Clears Heat, stops pain, expels W ind, and benefits the throat.
INDICATIONS Headache, swelling of the face, sore throat, borborygmus, abdominal pain, and pain in the shoulder and arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LIB Xialian H!i(oHsll Lower Integrity I

With the elbow f lexed, the point is found on the radial side of the forearm, 4 cun below Ll ll (Quchi) on the line
connecting Ll S (Yangxi) and Llll (Quchi). Remembering that the distance from the transverse wrist crease (where Ll S
LOCATION
is located) to the transverse cubital crease (where Ll ll is located) is 12 cun, move 4 cun distally from Ll 11 to locate
the level of Ll 8.
ACTIONS Abdomina l pain, borborygmus, pain in the elbow and arm, and motor impairment of the upper limbs.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pain, borborygmus, pain in the elbow and arm, and motor impairment of the upper limbs.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Point Therapeutics I Comprehensive Cha rts

 ACUPUNCTURE 203

Ll9 Shanglian ..t/i:(~E'i)l Upper Integrity I

With the elbow flexed, the point is found on the radial side of the forearm, 3 cun below Ll11 (Quchi) on the line
LOCATION connecting Ll 5 (Yangxi) and Ll 11 (Quchi). Remembering that the distance from the transverse wrist crease to the
transverse cubital crease is 12 cun, move 3 cun distally from Ll11 to locate the level of Ll 9.
ACTIONS Harmonizes the Large Intestine, Activates the channel and alleviates pa in.
Pain in the shoulder and arm, motor impairment of the upper limbs, numbness of the hand and arm, borborygmus,
INDICATIONS
and abdominal pain.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Ll10 Shousanli -¥.=.%1;(*~2.1) I Arm Three Miles l

With the elbow flexed, the point is found on the radial side of the forearm, 2 cun below Ll 11 (Quchi) on the line
LOCATION connecting Ll 5 (Yangxi) and Ll 11 (Quchi). Remembering that the distance from the transverse wrist crease to the
transverse cubital crease is 12 cun, move 2 cun distally from Ll 11 to locate the level of Ll 10.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel and tonifies Qi.
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, toothache, swelling of the cheek, motor impairment of the upper limbs, and pain in the
INDICATIONS
shoulder and back.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

Ll11 Quchi fl!l;'t!!(~XI)I Crooked Pond I

NATURE He-Sea and Earth point.
With the elbow bent, the point lies in the depression at the lateral end of the transverse cubital crease, midway
LOCATION
between LU5 and the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.
Expels Wind, releases the Exterior, clears Heat, cools blood, resolves Dampness, benefits the sinews and joints, and
ACTIONS
regulates the Nutritive Qi and Blood.
Sore throat, toothache, redness and pain of the eye, scrofula, urticaria, motor impairment of the upper extremities,
INDICATIONS
abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and febrile diseases.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 1.0-1.5 cun . Moxibust ion is applicable.

Ll12 Zhouliao lft!tl1!;;; s.i.l I Elbow Seam I

With the elbow flexed, the point is located approximately 1 cun above and lateral to Ll 11 (Quchi) at the lateral and
LOCATION
posterior border of the humerus.
ACTIONS Activates the channel and alleviates pain, Benefits the elbow joint.
INDICATIONS Pain, numbness, and contracture of the elbow and arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Ll13 Shouwuli -¥n.ll'!,(*22.1 ) 1 Arm Five Miles J

3 cun above Ll 11 (Quchi) on t he line connecting Ll11 (Quchi) and Ll15 (J ianyu), superior to the lateral epicondyle of
LOCATION
the humerus.
ACTIONS Activates the channel and alleviates pain, Alleviates coughing, Regulates qi, drains damp and transforms phlegm.
INDICATIONS Contracture and pain of the elbow and arm, scrofula .
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Avoid injuring the artery. Moxibustion is applicable.

Ll14 Binao ~Jii( tJix) I Arm and Scapula 1

LOCATION At the inferior border of the deltoid, on the line connecting Ll11 (Quchi) and Lll5 (Jianyu).
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel, resolves Phlegm, disperses accumulations, and brightens the eyes.
INDICATIONS Pain in the shoulder and arm, rigidity of the neck, and scrofula.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular or upward oblique insertion, 0.8-1.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Ll15 Jianyu Jjiij~,!!( ~ !i<)l Shoulder Bone I

Inferior to the acromion, on the upper portion of the deltoid muscle, and in the distinct depression formed at the
LOCATION
anterior border of the acromioclavicular joint when the arm is abducted.
ACTIONS Promotes the circulation of Qi in the Channe ls, benefits the si news and muscles, stops pain, and expels Wind .
INDICATIONS Pain in the shoulder and arm, motor impairment of t he upper extremities, ru bella, and scrofula.
TECHNIQUE Straight or oblique insertion, 0.8-1.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Ll16 Jugu ef!f ( )i~ l l Great Bone I

NATURE Intersecting point with Yang Qiao.
LOCATION In the depression between the acromial extremity of the clavicle and the scapul ar spine on the upper shou lder.
Removes Blood stasis, removes Obstructions from the Cha nnel, opens the chest, subdu es rebellious Qi, stim ulates the
ACTIONS
dispersing and descending of Lung Qi, and benefits the sinews and joints.
INDICATIONS Pain and motor impairment of the upper extremities, and pain in the shoulder and back.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion slanted lat erally, 0.5-0.7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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204 ACUPUNCTURE

Ll17 Tianding :Rl!'~(~~ll Heaven's Tripod I

1 cun below Ll 18 (Futu, located level with the Adam's apple between the sternal and clavicular heads of the
LOCATION
sternocleidomastoid muscle) on the lateral side of the neck, on the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
ACTIONS Benefits the throat and voice .
INDICATIONS Sudden loss of voice, sore throat, scrofula, and goiter.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Ll18 Futu t1< ~ ( ¥li1 l I Support the Prominence I

On the lateral side of the neck, level with the tip of Adam' s apple, between the sternal head and clavicular heads of
LOCATION
the sternocleidoma stoid muscle.
-

ACTIONS Stops cough, benefits the throat, resolves Phlegm, and di sperses accumulations.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, sore throat, sudden loss of voice, scrofula, and goiter.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

Ll19 Kouheliao I:J5fi;:m! ( =?.2H~ ) I Mouth Grain Seam I

0.5 cun lateral to DU26 (Renzhong, located on the midline at the junction of the upper third and lower two thirds of
LOCATION
the philtrum) right below the lateral margin of the nostril .
ACTIONS Eliminates wind and open s the nasal passages.
INDICATIONS Na sal obstruction, epistaxis, and deviation of the mouth .
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.2-0.3 cun .

Ll20 Yingxiang ~ 'l!f( ~~ ll Welcome Fragrance J

NATURE Crossing point of ST and Ll channels.
LOCATION In the na solabial sulcus, level with the midpoint of the lateral border of the ala nasi.
ACTIONS Opens the nasal passages and di spels Exterior Wind Heat.
INDICATIONS Nasal obstruction, inability to distinguish odors, epistaxi s, rhinorrhea, deviation of the mouth, facial itching and swelling .
TECHNIQUE Oblique or subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun.

ST CHANNEL OF FOOT-YANGMING

ST1 Chengqi jfd:lz ( §~ ) I Containing Tears I

NATURE Crossing point with Yang Qiao and Ren .
With the eyes looking straight forwa rd, the point is found directly below the pupil, between the eyeball and the
LOCATION
infraorbital ridge .
ACTIONS Expel s Wind, brightens the eyes, and stops lacrimation .
INDICATIONS Redness, swelling and pain of the eyes, lacrimation, night blindness, twitching of the eyelids, and facial paralysis.
Slow insertion, while pu shing the eyeball upward with the left thumb, along the infraorbital ridge, 0.5-1.0 cun . It is
TECHNIQUE
not advisable to manipulate the needle with large amplitud e.

ST2 Sibai IZlla( Af~ll Four Whites I

NATURE Crossing point with Yang Qiao.
LOCATION In the depress ion below STl (Chengqi), at the infraorbital foramen .
ACTIONS Expels Wind, brighten s the eyes, spreads Liver Qi, and benefits the Gall Bladder.
INDICATIONS Redness, pain and itching of th e eye, facial paralysis, twitching of the eyelids, and facial pain.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.2-0.3 cun . It is not advisable to in sert deeply.

ST3 Juliao em!PJ fi ) I Great Bone I

With the eyes looking straight forward, the point is found directly below the pupil, level with the lower border of ala
LOCATION
nasi, on the lateral side of the nasolabial groove.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, removes Obstruction s from the Channel, and relieves sw ellings.
INDICATIONS Facial paralysi s, twitching of th e eyelid s, epistaxis, toothache, swelling of the lips and cheek .
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibu stion is applicable.

ST4 Dicang ±{tr;t; (XI 21 ) I Earth Granary I

NATURE Crossing point with Ll and Yang Qiao.
LOCATION With th e eyes looking straight forward, the point is found directly below the pupil, level with the corner of the mouth.
ACTIONS Expel s Wind, removes Obstruction s from the Channel, and benefits the sinews and muscles.
INDICATIONS Deviation of the mouth, sa livation, and twitching of th e eyelids.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion pointed toward STG (Jiache), 1.0-1.5 cun. Moxibu stion is applicable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 205

STS Daying ::i\:ifl!(Oigjl] Big Welcome I

Anterior to the angle of the mandible, on the anterior border of the attached portion of the masseter muscle, in the
LOCATION
groove-like depression appearing when the cheek is bulged.
ACTIONS Eliminates wind and reduces swelling.
INDICATIONS Facial paralysis, trismus, swelling of the cheek, pain in the face, and toothache.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Avoid injuring the artery. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST6 Jiache ~!ll:(gt xfl I Jaw Chariot I

One finger width anterior and superior to the lower angle of the mandible, at the prominence of the masseter muscle
LOCATION
when the teeth are clenched.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, opens the Channel, removes Obstructions from the Channel, and benefits the teeth and jaw.
INDICATIONS Facial paralysis, toothache, swelling of the cheek and face, mumps, and trismus.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun, or subcutaneous insertion pointed towards ST4 (Dicang). Moxibustion is applicable.

ST7 Xiaguan T~(oft':!JI Lower Hinge I

NATURE Crossing point with GB channel.
At the lower border of the zygomatic arch, in the depression anterior to the condyloid process of the mandible, found
LOCATION
with t he mouth closed.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel and benefits the ear.
INDICATIONS Deafness, tinnitus, otorrhea, toothache, facial paralysis, pain of the face, and motor impairment of the jaw.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

STS Touwei rn*i!!F~l I Head Support I

NATURE Crossing point with GB, Yang Wei.
LOCATION 0.5 cun within t he anterior hairline at the corner of the forehead.
ACTIONS Clears Heat, expels Wind, stops pain, brightens the eyes, stops lacrimation, and relieves vertigo and dizziness.
INDICATIONS Headache, blurred vision, ophthalmalgia, and lacrimation.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun.

ST9 Renying .Aifl!!e.! gJ l I Person's Welcome I

NATURE Point of the Sea of Qi.
LOCATION Level with the tip of the Adam's apple, on the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
ACTIONS Regulates Qi and Blood, removes accumulations, relieves swellings, and benefits the throat.
INDICATIONS Sore throat, asthma, goiter, dizziness, and flushed face.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicula r insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Avoid puncturing the common carotid artery.

ST10 Shuitu **!*~ll Wat er Prominence J

At the midpoint of t he line connecting ST9 (Renying) and STU (Qishe), on the anterior border of the
LOCATION
sternocleidomastoid muscle.
ACTIONS Benefits the throat and neck, Descends Lung Qi.
INDICATIONS Sore t hroat, asthma, and cough.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

ST11 Qishe li!l~ ( JIAf) I Qi's Residence l

At the superior border of the medial end of the clavicle, between the sternal head and clavicular heads of the
LOCATION
sternocleidomastoid muscle.
ACTIONS Benefits the throat and neck and descends Qi.
INDICATIONS Sore throat, pain and rigidity of the neck, asthma, hiccup, and goiter.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST12 Qupe n fii!t:&( ~~ ll Empty Basin J

LOCATION At the midpoint of the supraclavicular fossa, considered as 4 cun lateral to the midline .
ACTIONS Subdues rebellious Qi.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, sore throat, and pain in the supraclavicu lar fossa.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Avoid puncturing the artery. Avoid deep insertion. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST13 Qihu ~JS ( J I .2 ) I Qi Door I

LOCATION At the midpoint of the inferior border of the clavicle, directly inferior to ST12.
ACTIONS Descends rebellious Qi and unbinds the chest.
INDICATIONS Fu llness in the chest, asthma, cough, hiccup, and pain in the chest and hypochondrium.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion 0.3-0.5 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

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ST14 Kufang mL~(::.:l~ll Storehouse I

LOCATION In the first intercostal space, on the mammillary line (considered as 4 cun lateral to the midline).
ACTIONS Descends rebellious Qi and unbinds the chest.
INDICATIONS Sensation of fullness and pain in the chest, and cough.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST15 Wuyi !i~(~OII)I Room Screen I

LOCATION In the second intercostal space, on the mammillary line (considered as 4 cun lateral to the midline).
ACTIONS Descends rebellious Qi and unbinds the chest, Benefits the breasts, Alleviates pain and itching of the skin.
INDICATIONS Sensation of fullness and pain in the chest, and cough.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST16 Yingchuang ~ffi>(~~ll Breast's Window I

LOCATION In the third intercostal space, on the mammillary line (considered as 4 cun lateral to the midline).
ACTIONS Alleviates cough and wheezing.
INDICATIONS Fullness and pain in the chest and hypochondrium, cough, asthma, and mastitis.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST17 Ruzhong 1\.<P(~lSl I Breast Center I

LOCATION In the fourth intercostal space, in the center of the nipple on the mammillary line (4 cun lateral to the midline).
INDICATIONS This point is primarily a landmark, used in finding other points.
TECHNIQUE Acupuncture and moxibustion on this point are contraindicated.

ST18 Rugen 1Lt~(~2l I Breast Root I

LOCATION On the mammillary line, directly below the nipple, in the fifth intercostal space.
ACTIONS Dispels stagnation, regu lates Stomach Qi, and regulates the breast and lactation.
INDICATIONS Pain in the chest, cough, asthma, mastitis, and insufficient lactation.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST19 Burong 'f'lil'(~~)l Not Contained I

6 cun above the umbilicus, 2 cun lateral to the midline, level with RN14 (Juque). Remembering that the distance from
the umbilicus to the sternocostal angle is 8 cun, move 6 cun superiorly from the umbilicus to locate the level of ST19.
LOCATION
Then since the distance from the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun, divide this distance in half to find 2 cun
lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Harmonizes the middle jiao and lowers rebellion, Descends Qi and alleviates cough and wheezing.
INDICATIONS Abdominal distension, vomiting, gastric pain, and anorexia.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST20 Chengman iit;;li(ae!l 1 Support Fullness I

5 cun above the umbilicus, 2 cun lateral to the midline level with RN13 (Shangwan). Remembering that the distance
LOCATION from the umbilicus to the sternocostal angle is 8 cun, move 5 cun superiorly from the umbilicus to locate the level of
ST20.
ACTIONS Harmonises the middle jiao, Descends rebellion of the Lung and Stomach.
INDICATIONS Gastric pain, abdominal distension, vomiting, and anorexia.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST21 liangmen ~r9 ( ~ff' l 1 Door of the Beam I

4 cun above the umbilicus, 2 cun lateral to the midline, level with RN12 (Zhongwan). To find 4 cun above the
umbilicus, remember that the distance from the umbilicus to the sternocostal angle is 8 cun, divide this distance in
LOCATION
half to locate the level of ST21. Then since the dista nce from the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun, divide this
distance in half to find 2 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Regulates the Stomach and stops vomiting, subdues rebellious Qi, and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Gastric pain, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal distension, and diarrhea.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST22 Guanmen ll!lr9(~ff'l 1 Pass Gate I

3 cun above the umbilicus, 2 cun lateral to the midline level with RNll (Jianli). Remembering that the distance from
LOCATION
the umbilicus to the sternocostal angle is 8 cun, move 3 cun superiorly from the umbilicus to locate the level of ST22.
ACTIONS Regulates Qi and alleviates pain, Regulates the intestines and benefits urination.
INDICATIONS Abdominal distension and pain, anorexia, borborygmus, diarrhea, and edema.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.8-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 207

ST23 Taiyi Supreme Unity I

2 cun above the umbilicus, 2 cun lateral to the midline level with RNlO (Xiawan). To find 2 cun above the umbilicus,
LOCATION remember that the distance from the umbilicus to the sternocostal angle is 8 cun, divide this distance in fourths to
locate the level of ST23. Then since the distance from the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun, divide this
distance in half to find 2 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Transforms ph legm and calms the spirit, Harmonises the middle jiao.
INDICATIONS Gastric pain, irritability, mania, and indigestion.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.7-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST24 Huaroumen Slippery Flesh Door I

1 cun above t he umbilicus, 2 cun lateral to the midline level with RN9 (Shuifen). Remembering that the distance from
the umbilicus to the sternocostal angle is 8 cun, move 1 cun superiorly from the umbilicus to locate the level of ST24.
LOCATION
Then since t he distance from the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun, divide this distance in half to find 2 cun
lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Transforms phlegm and calms the spirit, Harmonises the Stomach and alleviates vomiting.
INDICATIONS Gastric pain, vomiting, and mania.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.7-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST25 Tianshu Heaven's Axis I

NATURE Front-Mu point of ll.
2 cun lateral to the center of the umbilicus. To find 2 cun lateral to the midline remember that the distance from
LOCATION
the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun and then divide this distance in half.
ACTIONS Regulates and facilit ates t he function of the Intestines, regulates Qi, and eliminates food stagnation.
Abdomina l pain and distension, borborygmus, pain around the umbilicus, constipation, diarrhea, dysentery, irregular
INDICATIONS
menstruation, and edema.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.7-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST26 Wailing Outer Tomb I

1 cun below the umbilicus, 2 cun lateral to the midline level with RN7 (Yinjiao). To find 1 cun below the umbilicus,
remember t hat the distance from the umbilicus to the symphysis pubis is 5 cun, move inferiorly 1 cun from the
LOCATION
umbilicus to find t he level of ST26. Then since the distance from the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun, divide
this distance in half to find 2 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Regulates Qi and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Abdomina l pa in, hernia, and dysmenorrhea.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.7-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST27 Daju Big Great I

2 cun below the umbilicus, 2 cun lateral to the midline level with RNS (Shimen). To find 2 cun below the umbilicus,
remembe r t hat the distance from the umbilicus to the symphysis pubis is 5 cun, move inferiorly 2 cun from the
LOCATION
umbilicus to find the level of ST27. Then since the distance from the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun, divide
this distance in half to find 2 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Regulates Stomach Qi.
INDICATIONS Lower abdom inal distension, dysuria, hernia, seminal emission, and premature ejacu lation.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.7-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST28 Shuidao Waterway I

3 cun below t he umbilicus, 2 cun lateral to the midline level with RN4 (Guanyuan). To find 3 cun below the
umbilicus, remember that the distance from the umbilicus to the symphysis pubis is 5 cun, move inferiorly 3 cun from
LOCATION
the umbilicus to find the level of ST28. Then since the distance from the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun,
divide this distance in half to find 2 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Opens the Water passages and benefits urination, regulates menstruation, and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Lower abdominal distension, retention of urine, edema, hernia, dysmenorrhea, and infertility.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.7-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST29 Guilai Return I

4 cun below the umbilicus, 2 cun lateral to the midline level with RN3 (Zhongji). To find 4 cun below the umbilicus,
remember that the distance from the umbilicus to the symphysis pubis is 5 cun, move inferiorly 4 cun from the
LOCATION
umbilicus to f ind the level of ST29. Then since the distance from the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun, divide
this distance in half to find 2 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Removes Blood stagnation.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pa in, hernia, dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, leukorrhea, and uterine prolapse.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.7-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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208 ACUPUNCTURE

Level with the symphysis pubis, 2 cun lateral to the midline, level with RN2 (Qugu). Find the superior border of the
symphysis pubis, then find 2 cun lateral to the midline.
Regulates and tonifies Stomach, regulates Chong, promotes the Essence, regulates Blood, and tonifies the Sea of Food.
Abdominal pain, borborygmus, hernia, swelling and pain of the external genitalia, impotence, dysmenorrhea, and
irregular menstruation.

and the line level with the

is flexed.

and the lateral

fossa to the

Xi-Cleft point.
LOCATION 2 cun above the laterosuperior border of the patella, found with the knee flexed.
ACTIONS Expels Dampness and Wind, subdues rebellious Stomach Qi, and removes Obstructions from the Channel.
INDICATIONS Pain and numbness of the knee, gastric pain, mastitis, and motor impairment of the lower extremities.

insertion, 0.7-1.0 cun.

NATURE He-Sea and Earth point, point of the Sea of Food, Command point of abdomen.
LOCATION 3 cun below ST35 (Dubi), one finger width from the anterior crest of the tibia, in the tibialis anterior muscle.
Tonifies the Stomach and Spleen, tonifies Qi and Blood, dispels Cold, brightens the vision, regulates the Nutritive and
ACTIONS Defensive Qi, regulates the Intestines, raises the Yang, expels Wind and Dampness, resolves edema, and strengthens
weak and Deficient conditions of the body.
Gastric pain, vomiting, hiccup, abdominal distension, borborygmus, diarrhea, dysentery, constipation, mastitis, enteritis,
INDICATIONS pain in the knee joints and legs, beriberi, edema, cough, asthma, emaciation due to general Deficiency, indigestion,
apoplexy, hemiplegia, dizziness, insomnia, and mania.

LOCATION 3 cun below ST36 (Zusanli), one finger width from the anterior crest of the tibia, in the tibialis anterior muscle.
ACTIONS Regulates the Stomach and Intestines, clears Damp Heat, resolves Dampness, removes food retention, and calms asthma.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pain, distension, borborygmus, diarrhea, dysentery, constipation, enteritis, paralysis due to stroke, and beriberi.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 209

ST38 Tiaokou ~o(3':=>'l I Narrow Opening I

2 cun below ST37 (Shangjuxu), midway between SHS (Dubi, located at the lateral infrapatellar fossa) and ST41 (Jiexi,
LOCATION approximately level with the lateral malleolus). Remembering that the distance from the lateral malleolus to the center
of the patella is 16 cun, divide this distance in half to find the level of ST38.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel.
Numbness, soreness and pain of the knee and leg, weakness and motor impairment of the foot, pain and motor
INDICATIONS
impairment of the shoulder, and abdominal pain.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST39 Xiajuxu Tet;JE:(iViOJJ 1 Lower Great Emptiness I

NATURE lower He-Sea point of 51, point of the Sea of Blood.
3 cun below ST37 (Shangjuxu), or 9 cun below the lateral infrapatellar fossa, one finger width from the anterior crest
LOCATION
of the tibia, in the tibialis anterior muscle.
ACTIONS Regulates the Stomach and Intestines, eliminates Damp Heat and Wind Dampness, and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Lower abdominal pain, backache radiating to the testis, mastitis, and numbness and paralysis of the lower extremities.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST40 Fenglong ~i!i( ~~l I Abundant Bulge I

NATURE Luo-Connecting.
8 cun superior to the lateral malleolus, about one finger width lateral to ST38 (Tiaokou). Remembering that the
LOCATION distance from the latera l malleolus to the center of the patella is 16 cun, divide this distance in half to find the level
of ST40.
ACTIONS Resolves Dampness and Phlegm, clears Heat, calms asthma, opens the chest, and ca lms the Mind.
Headache, dizziness and vertigo, cough, asthma, excessive expectoration of sputum, pain in the chest, constipation,
INDICATIONS
mania, epilepsy, muscular atrophy, motor impairment, pain, swelling or paralysis of the lower extremities.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

ST41 Jiexi Mf!l( oH Jll J 1 Dispersing Stream I

NATURE Jing-River and Fire point.
On the dorsum of the foot, at the midpoint of the transverse crease of the ankle joint, in the depression between the
LOCATION tendons of the extensor digitorum longus and hallucis longus muscles approximately level with the tip of the lateral
malleolus.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, removes Obstructions from the Channel, clears Heat, ca lms the Mind, and brightens the eyes.
Pain in the ankle joint, muscular atrophy, motor impairment, pain and paralysis of the lower extremities, epilepsy,
INDICATIONS
headache, dizziness and vertigo, abdominal distension, and constipation.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0. 7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST42 Chongyang 1ti~ ( 3~l I Rushing Yang I

NATURE Yuan-Source point.
At the highest point of the dorsum of the foot, in the depression between the second and th ird metatarsal bones and
LOCATION
the cu neiform bone below ST41 (Jiexi).
ACTIONS Strengthens the Stomach and Spleen, removes Obstructions from the Channel, and calms the Mind.
Pain of the upper teeth, redness and swelling of the dorsum of the foot, facia l para lysis, muscular atrophy, and motor
INDICATIONS
impairment of the foot.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Avoid puncturing the artery. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST43 Xiangu 'iHi·(~~ll Sinking Valley l

NATURE Shu-Stream and Wood point.
LOCATION In the depression distal to the junction of the second and third metatarsal bones.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel, and expels Wind and Heat.
INDICATIONS Facial or general edema, abdomina l pain, borborygmus, and swelling and pain of the dorsum of the foot.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

ST44 Neiting P;J~ ( UI2J) I Inner Court J

NATURE Ying-Spring and Water point.
At the proximal end of the web between the second and third toes, in the depression distal to the
LOCATION
metatarsophalangeal joints.
Clea rs Heat from t he Stomach, regulates Qi, eliminates fullness, promotes digestion, expels Wind from the face, and
ACTIONS
suppresses pain.
Toothache, pain in the face, deviation of the mouth, sore throat, epistaxis, gastric pain, acid regurgitation, abdominal
INDICATIONS
distension, diarrhea, dysentery, constipation, swelling and pain of the dorsum of the foot, and febri le diseases.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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ST45 lidui ~)t(OWl)\ Sick Mouth I

NATURE Jing-Well, Metal point.
LOCATION 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of the nail on the lateral side of the second toe.
ACTIONS Relieves food retention, clears the Heart, brightens the eyes, and calms the Mind.
Facial swelling, deviation of the mouth, epistaxis, toothache, sore throat and hoarse voice, abdominal distension,
INDICATIONS
coldness in the leg and foot, febrile diseases, dream-disturbed sleep, and insanity.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.1 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP CHANNEL OF FOOT-TAIYIN

SP1 Yinbai ~s(g!!'ill Hidden White I

NATURE Jing-Well and Wood point.
LOCATION 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of the nail on the medial side of the great toe.
ACTIONS Tonifies the Spleen, regulates Blood, and calms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Abdomina l distension, bloody stools, menorrhagia, uterine bleeding, mental disorders, dream-disturbed sleep, convulsion.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.1 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP2 Dadu :*:ill(OIS:.) I Big Capital I

NATURE Ying-Spring and Fire point.
On the medial side of the great toe, distal and inferior to the first metatarsophalangeal joint, at the border of the
LOCATION
light and dark skin.
ACTIONS Clears Heat, strengthens the Spleen, and promotes digestion.
INDICATIONS Abdominal distension, gastric pain, constipation, and febrile diseases without sweating.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.1-0.3 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP3 Taibai ;t:8(Ell!1!i)\ Great er W hite I

NATURE Shu-Stream, Yuan-Source, and Earth point.
LOCATION Proximal and inferior to the head of the first metatarsal bone, at the border of the light and dark skin.
ACTIONS Resolves Dampness, tonifies the Spleen, and strengthens the spine.
INDICATIONS Gastric pain, abdominal distension, constipation, dysentery, vomiting, diarrhea, borborygmus, body heaviness, and beriberi.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP4 Gongsun 0 1*(i1S e) I Ancest or and Descendant I

NATURE Luo-Connecting, Opening point of Chong.
In the depression distal and inferior to the base of the first metatarsal bone, at the border of the dorsal and plantar
LOCATION
surfaces of the foot.
Strengthens the Stomach and Spleen, controls the Penetrating Channel, regulates menstruation, removes Obstructions
ACTIONS
from the Channel, dispels fullness, stops bleeding, and soothes the Stomach.
INDICATIONS Gastric pain, vomiting, abdominal pain and distension, diarrhea, dysentery, and borborygmus.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SPS Shangqiu itll.fi:(~=i'-)\ M etal M ound I

NATURE Jing-River and Metal point.
In the depression distal and inferior to the medial malleolus, midway between the tuberosity of the navicular bone and
LOCATION
the tip of the medial ma lleolus.
ACTIONS Resolves Dampness, and strengthens the Stomach and Spleen.
Abdominal distension, constipation, diarrhea, borborygmus, pain and rigidity of the tongue, pain in the foot and ankle,
INDICATIONS
and hemorrhoids.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.2-0.3 cun . Moxibust ion is applicable.

SP6 Sanyinjiao .:=.~:X:(~§:lil)\ Three Yin M eeting I

NATURE Crossing point of the three Yin Channels of the foot (LV, KD, SP).
LOCATION 3 cun directly above the tip of the medial malleolus, just posterior to the border of the t ibia.
Strengthens the Spleen, resolves Dampness, promotes function of Liver and the smooth flow of Liver Qi, nourishes
ACTIONS Blood and Yin, strengthens the Kidneys, benefits urination, regulates the Uterus and menstruation, invigorates Blood,
removes stasis, cools Blood, stops pain, and calms the Mind.
Abdominal pain, borborygmus, abdominal dist ension, diarrhea, dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation, uterine bleeding,
INDICATIONS leukorrhea, uterine prolapse, infertility, delayed labor, nocturnal emission, impotence, enuresis, dysuria, edema, hernia,
genital pain, muscular atrophy, motor impairment, paralysis and pain of lower limbs, headache, dizziness, and insomnia.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun . Moxibustion is applicable. Contraindicated in pregnant women.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 211

SP7 Lougu ~s(!r~l 1 Seeping Valley I

LOCATION 3 cun above SP6 (Sanyinjiao) on the line connecting the tip of the medial malleolus and SP9 (Yinlingquan).
ACTIONS Abdominal distension, borborygmus, coldness, numbness and paralysis of the knee and leg.
Abdominal pain, borborygmus, abdominal distension, diarrhea, dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation, uterine bleeding,
morbid leukorrhea, uterine prolapse, infertility, delayed labor, nocturnal emission, impotence, enuresis, dysuria, edema,
INDICATIONS
hernia, pain in the external genitalia, muscular atrophy, motor impairment, para lysis and pain of the lower extremities,
headache, dizziness and vertigo, and insomnia.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is appl icable . Acupuncture is contraindicated in pregnant women.

SPB Diji f{f!M(:A:IJI)I Earth's Pivot J

NATURE Xi-Cleft point.
3 cun below SP9 (Yinlingquan, located at the inferior border of the medial condyle of the tibia), on the line connecting
LOCATION
SP9 (Yinlingquan) and the medial malleolus.
ACTIONS Regulates Qi and Blood, removes Obstructions from the Channel, regu lates the Uterus, and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pain and distension, diarrhea, edema, dysuria, nocturnal emission, irregular menstruation, and dysmenorrhea.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP9 Yinlingquan J!;Ut*(l§g~) I Yin Mound Spring J

NATURE He-Sea and Water point.
On the lower border of the medial condyle of the tibia, in the depression posterior and inferior of the medial border
LOCATION
of the tibia.
ACTIONS Resolves Dampness, benefits urination, removes Obstructions from the Channel, and benefits the Lower Burner.
Abdominal pain and distension, diarrhea, dysentery, edema, jaundice, dysuria, enuresis, incontinence of urine, pain in
INDICATIONS
the externa l genitalia, dysmenorrhea, and pain in the knee.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP10 Xuehai .lll!.il!I(~5Hl I Sea of Blood I

2. cun above the medial and superior border of the patella when the knee is fl exed, on t he bulge of the medial
LOCATION
portion of the quadriceps femoris muscle.
ACTIONS Harmonizes and nourishes Qi and Blood, cools Blood and clears Heat, removes Blood stasis and regulates menstruation.
Irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, uterine bleeding, amenorrhea, urticaria, eczema, erysipelas, and pain in the media l
INDICATIONS
aspect of the thigh.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP11 Jimen )mP I ~ l l Basket's Door I

LOCATION 6 cun above SPlO (Xuehai) on the line drawn from SPlO (Xuehai) to SP12 (Chongmen).
ACTIONS Regulates urination, Drains Damp and clears Heat.
Dysuria, enu resis, pain and swe lling in the inguinal region, muscular atrophy, motor impairment, pain and paralysis of
INDICATIONS
the lower extremities.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP12 Chongmen ilir,( 8~l 1 Rushing Door I

NATURE Crossing point with LV channel and Yin Wei.
3.5 cun lateral to the midline, leve l with the upper border of the symphysis pubis, superior t o the lat eral end of the
LOCATION
inguinal groove, on the lateral side of the femoral artery.
ACTIONS Tonifies Yin and removes Obstructions from the Channel.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pain, hern ia, and dysuria.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Avoid puncturing the artery. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP13 Fushe !f.f~(JFAfl I Bowel Abode I

NATURE Crossing point with LV channel and Yin Wei.
LOCATION 0.7 cun lat eral and superior to SP12 (Chongmen), 4 cun lat eral to the Ren Channel.
ACTIONS Regulates Qi and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Lower abdom inal pain and hern ia.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP14 Fujie IIU'H ~?i! ll Abdomen's Knot I

1.3 cun below SP15 (Daheng, located 4 cun lateral to the umbilicus), on the mamm illary line (4 cu n lateral to the
LOCATION
midline), on the latera l side of m. rectus abdominus.
ACTIONS Warms and benefits the lower jiao, Regulates Qi and descends rebellion .
INDICATIONS Pain around the umbilical region, abdominal distension, hernia, diarrhea, and constipation.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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212 ACUPUNCTURE

SP15 Daheng :;l;:tlti(OI!!) I Big Horizontal Stroke I

NATURE Crossing point with Yin Wei.
LOCATION Lateral t o t he center of the umbilicus on the mammillary line, lateral to m. rectus abdominus muscle.
ACTIONS Resolves Damp, strengthens Spleen and limbs, regulates Qi, promotes the function of Large Intestine, and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pain and distension, diarrhea, dysentery, and constipation .
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0. 7-1.2 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

SP16 Fuai Jll(~(~OH) I Abdomen's Sorrow I

NATURE Crossing point w ith Yin Wei.
3 cun above t he level of the umbilicus, on the mammillary line (4 cun lateral to the midline), level with RN l l (Jianli).
LOCATION Remembering t hat the distance from the umbilicus to the sternocostal angle is 8 cun, move 3 cun superior to the
umbilicus to locate the level of SP16 .
ACTIONS Regulates the intestines.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pain, indigestion, constipation, and dysentery.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP17 Shidou j<B(6l~J I Food's Cavity I

In the fifth intercostal space, 6 cun lateral to the midline. To locate 6 cun lateral to the midline remember that the
LOCATION distance from the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun, move half of this distance lateral to the mammillary line to
locate the distance to the Spleen Channel.
ACTIONS Dissipates accumulation of food and fluid and promotes digestion.
INDICATIONS Fullness and pain in the chest and hypochondrium.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP18 Tianxi ;Rfft(;';!JIIJ I Heaven's Stream I

In the fourth intercostal space, 6 cun lateral to the midline. To locate 6 cun lateral to the midline remember that the
LOCATION distance from the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun, move half of this distance lateral to the mammillary line to
locate t he distance to the Spleen Channel.
ACTIONS Regulates and descends Qi, Benefits the breasts and promotes lactation.
INDICATIONS Fullness and pain in the chest and hypochondrium, cough, hiccup, mastitis, and insufficient lactation.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP19 Xiongxiang Jl;liJM!ll(g~ll Chest Home I

In the third intercostal space, 6 cun lateral to the midline. To locate 6 cun lateral to the midline remember that the
LOCATION distance from the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun, move half of this distance lateral to the mammillary line to
locate the distance to the Spleen Channel.
ACTIONS Regulates and descends Qi and unbinds the chest.
INDICATIONS Fu llness and pain in the chest and hypochondMum.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP20 Zhourong ~!'i("?~) I Encircling Glory I

In the second intercostal space, 6 cun lateral to the midline. To locate 6 cun lateral to the midline remember that
LOCATION the distance from the midline to the mammillary line is 4 cun, move half of this distance lateral to the mammillary
line to locate the distance to the Spleen Channel.
ACTIONS Regulates and descends Qi and unbinds the chest.
INDICATIONS Fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, cough, and hiccup.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SP21 Dabao :;1;:-e!(OI .!I'.) I Big W rapping I

NATURE Luo-Connecting point of Great Luo-connecting Channel of SP.
LOCATION On the mid-axillary line, midway between the axilla and the free end of the eleventh rib (6 cun below the axil la).
ACTIONS Moves Blood in the Blood Connecting Channels.
INDICATIONS Pain in the chest and hypochondrium, asthma, pain in the whole body, and weakness of t he limbs.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

HT CHANNEL OF HAND-SHAOYIN

HT1 Jiquan to:! ~ ( ~;';! JI Supreme Spring I

LOCATION W hen the arm is abducted, the point is found in the center of the axilla, on the medial side of the axillary art ery.
ACTIONS Nourishes Heart Yin and clea rs Empty Heat.
INDICATIONS Pain in the costal and cardiac regions, scrofula, coldness and pain of the elbow and arm, dryness of the throat.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, O.S-1.0 cun. Avoid puncturing the axillary artery. Moxibustion is applicable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 213

HT2 Qingling i!f!l(~\?l)l Youthful Spirit I

When the elbow is f lexed, the point is found 3 cun above the medial end of the transverse cubita l crease (where HT3,
LOCATION
Shaohai, is locat ed), in the groove medial to the biceps brachii.
ACTIONS Activates the channel and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Pain in t he chest, hypochondri um, shoulder, or arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

HT3 Shaohai Pila(::imi) j Lesser Yin Sea I

NATURE He-Sea and Wat er point.
When the elbow is fl exed into a right angle, the point is found in the depression bet ween the medial end of t he
LOCATION
transverse cubit al crease and t he medial epicondyle of the humerus.
ACTIONS Clears Heat, removes Obstructions from the Channel, and calms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Cardiac pa in, pain and numbness of hand and arm, hand tremor, scrofula, and pain in the axilla and hypochondrium.
TECHNIQUE Perpend icular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

HT4 lingdao !Ul:(\?JS:l l Mind Path l

NATURE Jing-River and M et al point.
When the palm faces upward, the point is found 1.5 cun above the transverse crease of t he wrist, on the radial side
LOCATION
of t he tendon of m. f lexor carpi ulnaris.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel.
INDICATIONS Ca rdiac pa in, spasmodic pain in t he elbow and arm, an d sudden loss of voice.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

HTS Tongli ~.111. ( ~2.1 ) I Reaching the Inside I

NATURE Luo-Connecting point .
W hen t he pa lm faces upward, the point is found 1 cun above the transverse crease of the wrist , on the radial side of
LOCATION
t he tendon of m. flexor carpi ulnaris.
ACTIONS Tonifies Hea rt Qi, opens into t he tongue, benefits the Bladder, and calms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Palpitation, dizziness, blu rred vision, sore throat, loss of voice, aphasia with t ongue stiffness, and pain in wrist & elbow.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

HT6 Yinxi ~fll( §~l I Yin Accumulation l

NATURE Xi-Cleft point.
When t he pa lm faces upward, the point is found 0.5 cun above the transverse crease of the wrist, on t he rad ial side
LOCATION
of the tendon of m. f lexor carpi ulnaris.
ACTIONS Nourishes Heart Yin, clears Heat, stops sw eating, and ca lms the M ind.
INDICATIONS Cardiac pain, hyst eria, night sweating, hemoptysis, epistaxis, and sudden loss of voice.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

HT7 Shenmen ii$r, ( t~ e>l I Mind Door I

NATURE Yuan-Source and Shu-Stream point.
At the ulnar end of the transverse crease of the wrist, in the depression on the rad ial side of the tendon of m. f lexor
LOCATION
carpi ulnaris.
ACTIONS Nourishes Hea rt Blood, opens the orifices, and calms the Mind.
Ca rdiac pa in, irrita bility, pa lpitation, hysteria, amnesia, insomn ia, mania, epilepsy, dementia, pain in t he hypochondrium,
INDICATIONS
hot sensation in the palms, and yellowish sclera.
TECHNIQUE Perpend icula r insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

HTB Shaofu Y!lf(::i!¥) I Lesser Yin M ansion l

NATURE Ying-Spring and Fire point.
LOCATION W here the tip of the little f inger rests when a loose fist is made, between the fourth and fifth met aca rpal bones.
ACTIONS Clears Heart Fire, Heart Empty Heat and Heart Phlegm Fire, and ca lms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Palpitation, chest pain, spasmodic pain in the little finger, hot sensation in pa lm, e nuresis, dysuria, and genital itching.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular inse rtion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

HT9 Shaochong Yiti(::i3) I Lesser Yin Rushing I

NATURE Jing-Well and Wood point.
LOCATION About 0.1 cun posterior to the co rner of the nail on the radia l side of the little f inger.
ACTIONS Subdues Internal Wi nd, clears Heat, opens the Heart orifices, relieves fullness, and restores consciousness.
INDICATIONS Pa lpitation, ca rdiac pa in, pain in t he chest and hypochondrium, mania, febrile diseases, and loss of consciousness.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insert ion 0.1 cun, or prick with a three-edged needle to cause bleeding. Moxibustion is applicable.

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214 ACUPUNCTURE

51 CHANNEL OF HAND-TAIYANG

511 Shaoze j;-jf(~§ll I Lesser Marsh l

NATURE Jing-W ell and Metal point.
LOCATION About 0.1 cun posterior to t he corner of the nail on t he ulnar side of t he little finger.
ACTIONS Expels Wind Heat, subdues Wind, opens the orifices, removes Channel obstructions, and facilitates t he flow of milk.
Headache, febrile diseases, loss of consciousness, insufficient lactation, sore t hroat, redness of t he eye, and cloudiness
INDICATIONS
of the cornea.
TECHNIQUE Su bcutan eous insert ion, 0.1 cun, or prick t he point to cause bleeding. Moxibustion is applica ble.

512 Qiangu JilJa(~~ l l Front Valley I

NATURE Ying-Spring and W ater point .
When a loose fist is made, t he point is on the ulnar side of the fifth finger distal to the met acarpopha langeal joint, at
LOCATION
t he border of t he palmar and dorsal surfaces, classical ly described as t he j unction of the light and dark skin.
ACTIONS Clea rs Heat.
INDICATIONS Numbness of the f ingers, febrile diseases, tinnitus, headache, and reddish urine.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0 .3-0.5 cu n. Moxibustion is applicable.

513 Houxi 1U'ft(~Jll ) j Back Stream I

NATURE Shu-Strea m Wood point, Opening point of Du.
When a loose fist is made, t he point is found in the depression at the distal palmar crease on t he ulnar edge of t he
LOCATION hand proximal t o the f ifth metacarpophalangeal joint, near t he end of the transverse crease of t he palm and at the
border of t he palmar and dorsa l surfaces, classica lly described as the j unction of the light and dark skin.
Expels Exterior Wi nd, relaxes the sinews and muscles, opens the Ren Channel and expels Interior W ind from the
ACTIONS
Channel, resolves Dampness, relieves jaundice, and clears the Mind.
Pain and rigidity of t he neck, tin nitus, deafness, sore throat, mania, malaria, acute lumbar spra in, night sweating, febrile
INDICATIONS
diseases, cont racture and numbness of the fingers, and pain in the shoulder and elbow.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-0. 7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

514 Wangu Jlli!'lir ( 8~ l 1 Wrist Bone I

NATURE Yuan-Source point.
LOCATION On t he ulnar edge of pa lm, in the depression between the base of t he fifth met acarpal bone and t he triquetra! bone.
ACTIONS Clea rs Damp Heat and removes Obstructions from the Channel.
Febrile diseases without sweating, headache, rigidity of the neck, contracture of the fingers, pain in t he wrist, and
INDICATIONS
jaundice.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. M oxibust ion is applicable.

SIS Yanggu II!H)· ( gJ~ ) I Valley of Yang I

NATURE Jing-River and Fire point.
Nea r the ulnar end of t he transverse wrist crease, in t he depression betw een the styloid process of the ulna and t he
LOCATION
t riquetra! bone.
ACTIONS Expels Exterior Damp Heat, removes Obstructions from the Channel, and clears the Mind.
INDICATIONS Swelling of t he neck and submandibu lar region, pain in the hand and wrist, and febrile diseases.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cu n. M oxibustion is applicable.

516 Yanglao Jr~(gJ£ ) I Nourishing the Old I

NATURE Xi-Cleft point.
On t he dorsal side of the wrist, in t he bony cleft on t he radial side of the styloid process of t he ulna. By placing a
th umb over the styloid process of t he patient's ulna and passively moving the hand from supinat ion to pronation, the
LOCATION
movem ent of t he bony cleft can be pa lpated. The point is needled with t he bony cleft moved inferiorly, in a
supination like position, easily accomplished by having the patient place t heir pa lm on their chest.
ACTIONS Relaxes the sinews and muscles, removes Obstructions from the Channel, and brightens the eyes.
INDICATIONS Blurred vision, and pain in t he shoulder, elbow, and arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

517 Zhisheng 3'i:.iE(XI ~ ) I Branch of Heart Channel I

NATURE Luo-Connecting point.
LOCATION 5 cun above Sl 5 (Yanggu) on the line connecting 515 (Yanggu) and 51 8 (Xiaohai).
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel and calms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Neck rigidity, headache, dizziness, spasmodic pain in the elbow and fingers, febri le diseases, and mania.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 215

~ ... SmaH Intestine &e;.

He-Sea and Earth point.
In the depression between the olecranon of the ulna and the medial epicondyle of the humerus when elbow is flexed.
Clears Damp Heat, removes Obstructions from the Channel, and calms the Mind.

spinous process of

3 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process where DU13 (Taodao) is
located.
channel and alleviates pain, expels wind and cold and benefits the shoulder and scapula.

lower border of the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra where DU14 (Dazhui) is

Benefits the ears, throat and voice, Regulates Qi and calms spirit, Activates the channel, stops pain and clears heat.
Sore throat, sudden loss of voice, deafness, tinnitus, and stiffness and pain of the neck.
Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0. 7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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216 ACUPUNCTURE

5117 Tianrong ;R~(~~ll Heaven's Appearance I

LOCATION Posterior to the angle of mandible, in the depression on the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
ACTIONS Clears Toxic Fire, resolves Damp Heat, and removes Obstructions from the Channel.

INDICATIONS Deafness, tinnitus, sore throat, swelling of the cheek, sensation of a foreign body in the throat, and goiter.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun, directed towards the root of the tongue. Moxibustion is applicable.

5118 Quanliao D~(2rfi) I Zygoma Crevice I

NATURE Crossing point with SJ channel.
LOCATION Directly below the outer canthus of the eye, in the depression on the lower border of the zygoma.
ACTIONS Expels Wind and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Facial paralysis, twitching of eyelids, pain in the face, toothache, swelling of the cheek, and yellowish sclera.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is contraindicated.

5119 Tinggong 1\U\'(~75)1 listening Palace I

NATURE Crossing point with SJ and GB channels.
Anterior to the tragus and posterior to the condyloid process of the mandible, in the depression formed when the
LOCATION
mouth is open.
ACTIONS Benefits the ear.
INDICATIONS Deafness, tinnitus, otorrhea, motor impairment of the mandibular joint, and toothache.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun with the mouth open.

UB CHANNEL OF FOOT-TAIYANG
UB1 Jingming ijljiJ!l(~~ll Eye Brightness I
NATURE Crossing point with ST, 51, Yang Qiao, Yin Qiao.
LOCATION 0.1cun superior to the inner canthus.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, clears Heat, opens the Channel, stops pain, stops itching, stops lacrimation, and brightens the eyes.
Redness, swelling and pain of the eye, itching of the canthus, lacrimation, night blindness, co lor blindness, blurred
INDICATIONS
vision, and myopia.
While having the patient close his eyes, push the eyeball gently to the lateral side then slowly insert the needle
perpendicularly, 0.3-0.7 cun, along the orbital wall. It is not advisable to twist or lift and thrust the needle vigorously.
TECHNIQUE
To avoid bleeding and the subsequent development of a "black eye", press the puncturing site for a few moments
after withdrawal of the needle. Moxibustion is forbidden.

UB2 Zanzhu mtt(C~-~l 1 Gathering Bamboo I

LOCATION On the medial extremity of the eyebrow, in the supraorbital notch.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, pacifies the Liver, removes Obstructions from the Channel, brightens the eyes, and stops pain.
Headache, blurring and failing of vision, pain in the supraorbital region, lacrimation, redness, swelling and pain of the
INDICATIONS
eye, twitching of the eyelids, and glaucoma.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun, or prick with a three-edged needle to cause bleeding.

UB3 Meichong leiiti(DI ~)I Eyebrow's Rushing I

Directly above the medial end of the eyebrow, 0.5 cun within the anterior hairline between DU24 (Shenting, located on
LOCATION
the midline, 0.5 cun within the anterior hairline) and UB4 (Quchai).
ACTIONS Expels wind, clears the head and alleviates pain, benefits the eyes and nose.
INDICATIONS Headache, giddiness, epilepsy, and nasal obstruction.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun.

UB4 Quchai Elll~(;Qxfll Discrepancy I

1.5 cun lateral to DU24 (Shenting, located on the midline 0.5 cun within the anterior hairline). Remembering that the
LOCATION
distance from the midline to the corner of the hairline is 4.5 cun, divide this distance in thirds to find 1.5 cun.
ACTIONS Expels wind, clears the head and alleviate pain, benefits the eyes and nose.
INDICATIONS Headache, nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and blurring and failing of vision.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous in sertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UBS Wuchu li~(2:X:1l I Five Places I

LOCATION 1.5 cun lateral to DU23 (Shangxing), 0.5 cun directly above UB4 (Quchai).
ACTIONS Subdues Interior Wind, and restores consciousness.
INDICATIONS Headache, blurred vision, epilepsy, and convulsion.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 217

UB6 Chengguang JJ\7\';(§~) I Support Light I

LOCATION 1.5 cun posterior to UBS (Wuchu), 1.5 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Eliminates wind and clears heat, clears the head and benefits the eyes and nose.
INDICATIONS Headache, blurred vision, and nasal obstruction.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun.

UB7 Tongtian ~X(~C:I) I Reaching Heaven I

LOCATION 1.5 cun posterior to UB6 (Chengguang), 1.5 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Subdues Wind, clears the nose, brightens the eyes, opens the orifices, and stops convulsions.
INDICATIONS Headache, giddiness, nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and rhinorrhea .
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UBS Luoque *l\W("t2.t)l Declining Connection I

LOCATION 1.5 cun posterior to UB7 (Tongtian), 1.5 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Benefits the sense organs, pacifies wind, transforms ph legm and calms the spirit.
INDICATIONS Dizziness, blurred vision, tinnitus, and mania.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun.

UB9 Vuzhen ::Ut( ~el) I Jade Pillow I

LOCATION 1.3 cun lateral to DU17 (N aohu ), at the superior border of the external occipital protuberance.
ACTIONS Expels wind and cold and alleviates pain, benefits the nose and eyes.
INDICATIONS Headache, pain in the neck, dizziness, ophthalmalgia, and nasa l obstruction.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibust ion is applicable.

UB10 Tianzhu xtt(C:I"?l 1 Heavenly Pillar I

LOCATION 1.3 cun lateral to DUlS (Vamen), in the depression on the lateral side of the trapezius muscle.
Expels Wind, removes Obstructions from the Channel, opens the orifices, brighte ns the eyes, clears t he brain, soothes
ACTIONS
the sinews, and invigorates the lower back.
INDICATIONS Headache, nasa l obstruction, sore throat, neck rigidity, and pain in the shoulde r and back.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun.

UB11 Dazhu :;l;:if(CH Xi ) I Big Reed I

NATURE Influential point of Bones, Crossing point with 51 channel.
LOCATION 1.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with t he lower border of the spinous process of the first thoracic vertebra (DU13).
ACTIONS Expels Wind, releases th e Exterior, nourishes Blood, soothes the sinews, and strengthens the Bones.
INDICATIONS Headache, pain in the neck and back, pain and soreness in the scapular region, cough, fever, and neck rigidity.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB12 Fengmen mr~(~5"l I Wind Door I

NATURE Crossing point with DU .
1.5 cun latera l to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the second thoracic vertebra.
LOCATION
Use the local proportional measurement to determine 1.5 cun.
Expels and prevents Exterior W ind, releases the Exterior, stimulates the dispersing and descending of Lung Qi, and
ACTIONS
regulates the Nutritive and Defensive Qi.
INDICATIONS Common cold, cough, fever and headache, neck rigidity, and backache.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB13 Feishu .llilillR(llll~l 1 Lung Back Transporting Point I

NATURE Back-Shu point of LU .
LOCATION 1.5 cun latera l to the midline, level with the lower border of t he spinous process of the third thoracic vertebra (DU12)
Regulates Lung Qi, stimulates the dispersing and descending of Lung Qi, regulat es the Nutrit ive and Defensive Qi,
ACTIONS
tonifies Lung Qi, stops cough, and clears Heat.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, chest pain, spitting of blood, afternoon fever, and night sweating.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB14 Jueyinshu ~llilllf(~§~ ) I Terminal Yin Back Transporting Point I

NATURE Back-Shu point of PC.
1.5 cun latera l to the midline, level with the lower border of t he spinous process of t he fourth thoracic vertebra. Use
LOCATION
the local proportiona l measurement to determ ine 1.5 cun.
ACTIONS Regulates the Heart.
INDICATIONS Cough, ca rdiac pain, palpitation, stuffy chest, and vomiting.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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UB15 Xinshu -L:- lllt(~¥?) I Heart Back Transporting Point I

NATURE Back-Shu point of HT.
1.5 cun lateral to the midline, level w ith the lower border of the spinous process of the fifth thoracic vertebra (where
LOCATION
DUll is located). Use the local proportional measurement to determine 1.5 cun.

ACTIONS Clears Heat, nourishes the Heart, invigorates Blood , stimulates the brain, and calms the Mind.
Cardiac pain, panic, loss of memory, palpitation, cough, spitting of blood, nocturnal emission, night sweating, mania, and
INDICATIONS
epilepsy.
TECHNIQUE Ob lique insertion, 0.5-0.7 cu n. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB16 Dushu flllll ( ~ ¥?) I Du Channel Back Transporting Point I

NATURE Back-S hu point of DU.
1.5 cun latera l to the midline, level with the lower border of the spino us process of the sixth thoracic vertebra (where
LOCATION
DUlO is located). Use the loca l proportiona l measurement to determine 1.5 cun.

ACTIONS Invigorates Blood and regu lates the Heart.

INDICATIONS Cardiac pain and Stomach pain .
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

UB17 Geshu ~llll(Zl¥?) I Diaphragm Back Transporting Point I

NATURE Back-Shu poi nt of the diaphragm, Influentia l point of Blood .
1.5 cun latera l to the mid line, level with the lower border of the spinou s process of the seventh thoracic vertebra
LOCATION
(where DU9 is located). Use the local proport iona l mea surement to determine 1.5 cun.
Nourishes and invigorates Blood, opens the chest and removes Obstruction s from the diaphragm, soothes Stomach Qi,
ACTIONS
tonifies Qi and Blood , clears Heat, and calms the M ind .
Vomiting, hiccup, belching, difficulty in swa llowing, asthma, cough, spitting of blood , afternoon fever, night sweating, and
INDICATIONS
measles.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun . Moxibustion is applicab le.

UB18 Ganshu llfllll(lt ¥? ) I Liver Back Transporting Point I

NATURE Back-Shu poi nt of LV.
1.5 cun latera l to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinou s process of t he ninth thoracic vertebra (where
LOCATION
DUS is located) . Use the local proportional measurement to determine 1.5 cun .
ACTIONS Expe ls Wind, reso lves Damp Heat, benefits the Liver and Gall Bladder, moves stagnant Qi, and benefits the eyes.
Jaundice, pain in the hypochondrium, redness of the eyes, blurred vision, night blindness, mental disorders, epi lepsy,
INDICATIONS
backache, spitting of blood, and epistaxis.
TECHNIQUE Ob lique insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun . Moxibustion is app licable.

UB19 Danshu IJM' lllt( Ei¥? ) I Gall Bladder Back Transporting Point I
NATURE Back-Shu point of GB.
1.5 cun latera l to the midline, level with the lower border of t he spinous process of the tenth thoracic vertebra (where
LOCATION
DU7 is located). Use the loca l proportional measurement to determine 1.5 cun.
ACTIONS Re laxes the diaphragm, pacifies the Stomach, and resolves Damp Heat in the Liver and Gall Bladder.
INDICATIONS Jaundice, bitter ta ste in the mouth, pain in t he chest and hypochondrium, pulmonary tubercu losis, and afternoon fever.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun . Moxibustion is applicab le.

UB20 Pishu Jll¥1llt(tJ I ¥? )I Spleen Back Transporting Point I

NATURE Back-Shu point of SP.
1.5 cun latera l to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinou s process of the eleventh thoracic vertebra
LOCATION
(where DUG is located). Use the loca l proportional mea surement to determ ine 1.5 cun.
ACTIONS Strengthens t he Sp leen and Stomach, resolves Dampness, and nourishes Blood.
Epigastric pain, abdominal distension, jaundice, vomiting, diarrhea, dysentery, bloody stool s, profuse menstruation,
INDICATIONS
edema, ano rexia, and backache.
TECHNIQUE Ob li que insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun. Moxibu stion is app licable .

UB21 Weishu l!! ll\t ( 'fi~ ) l Stomach Back Transporting Point I

NATURE Back-Shu point of ST.
1.5 cun lateral to the mid li ne, leve l w ith the lower border of the spinou s process of the twelfth thoracic vertebra .
LOCATION
Use the local proportiona l measurement to determine 1.5 cun .
ACTIONS Regulates and tonifi es Stomach Qi, resolves Dampness, soothes the Stomach, and eliminates food stagnation .
Pain in the chest, hypochondrium and epiga strium, anorexia, abdominal distension, borborygmu s, diarrhea, nausea , and
INDICATIONS
vomiting.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 219

UB22 Sanjiaoshu .=.,1:1\liit(el"::::~) I San Jiao Transporting Point J

NATURE Back-Shu point of SJ.
1.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the first lumbar vertebra (where
LOCATION
DUS is located). Use the local proportional measurement to determine 1.5 cun.
ACTIONS Opens the Water passages, resolves Dampness, and regulates the transformation of Fluids in the Lower Burner.
Borborygmus, abdominal distension, indigestion, vomiting, diarrhea, dysentery, edema, and pain and stiffness of the
INDICATIONS
lower back.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

UB23 Shenshu ~lilt(C!~) I Kidney Back Transporting Point I

NATURE Back-Shu point of KD.

LOCATION
1.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the second lumbar vertebra
(where DU4 is located). Use the local proportional measurement to determine 1.5 cun.
Nourishes Blood, strengthens the Kidney and nourishes the Kidney Essence, strengthens the lower back, benefits the
ACTIONS Bones and Marrow, resolves Dampness, stimulates the Kidneys to receive Qi (aiding inhalation), brightens the eyes, and
benefits the ears.
Nocturnal emission, impotence, enuresis, irregular menstruation, leukorrhea, lower back pain, weakness of the knee,
INDICATIONS
blurred vision, dizziness, tinnitus, deafness, edema, asthma, and diarrhea .
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 1-1.2 cun . Moxibu stion is applicable.

UB24 Qihaishu :tt;aliit(JiiiH ~ ) I Back Transporting Point of the Sea of Qi I

1.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the third lumbar vertebra . Use
LOCATION
the local proportional measurement to determine 1.5 cun.
ACTIONS Regulates Qi and Blood, removes Obstructions from the Channel, and strengthens the lower back.
INDICATIONS Lower back pain, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, and asthma .
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibu stion is applicable.

UB25 Dachangshu :;l;:Jll!lfu((]8t~) I Large Intestine Back Transporting Point I

NATURE Back-Shu point of Ll.
1.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the fourth lumbar vertebra (where
LOCATION Du-3 is located) . Use the local proportional measurement (that the distance from the midline to the medial extremity
of the scapula is 3 cun) to determine 1.5 cun .
Promotes the function of the Large Intestine, removes Obstructions from the Channel, relieves fullness and swelling, and
ACTIONS
strengthens the lower back.
Lower back pain, borborygmu s, abdomin al distension, diarrhea, constipation, mu scular atrophy, pain, numbness and
INDICATIONS
motor impairment of the lower extremities, and sciatica.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibu stion is applicable.

UB26 Guanyuanshu rm:n:liit( 2l ~ ~ l I Back Transporting Point of the Origin Pass I

1.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the fifth lumbar vertebra. Use
LOCATION
the local proportional measurement to determine 1.5 cun .
ACTIONS Regulates the Lower Burner, strengthens th e lower back and kne es, and eliminates Damp stagnation.
INDICATIONS Lower back pain, abdominal disten sion, diarrhe a, enures is, sciatica , and frequent urination .
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun . Moxibu stion is applicable .

UB27 Xiaochangshu •J ' Jll!lilt( ~8t~ )l Small Intestine Back Transporting Point I
NATURE Back-Shu point of 51 .
1.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with th e first posterior sacral foramen . Use the local proportional measurement
LOCATION
(that the distance from the midlin e to th e medi al extremity of the scapula is 3 cun) to determine 1.5 cun .
ACTIONS Promotes the function of the Small Inte stin e, resolves Dampness, benefits urination, and clears Heat.
Lower abdominal pain and distension, dyse ntery, nocturnal emission, hematuri a, enuresis, morbid leukorrhea, lower back
INDICATIONS
pain , and sciatica.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun . Moxibu stion is applicable.

UB28 Pangguangshu ~~ liit ( ~t?!~ )l Bladder Back Transporting Point l

NATURE Back-Shu point of UB.
1.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with the second posterior sacral foram en. Use the local proportional measurement
LOCATION
(that the distance from the midline to th e medial extremity of th e scapula is 3 cun) to determine 1.5 cun .
Clears Heat, regulates the Bladd er, resolves Dampn ess, eliminates st agn ation , opens the Water passages in the Lower
ACTIONS
Burner, strengthens the lower back and kn ees, and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Retention of urine, enuresis, frequ ent urin ation , diarrhe a, co nstipation, and stiffness and pain of the lower back.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibu stion is applica ble.

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220 ACUPUNCTURE

UB29 Zhonglushu <Plrlfi<r!l52;1j:fJ I Mid-spine Back Transporting Point I

l.S cun lateral to the midline, level with the third posterior sacral foramen. Use the local proportional measurement
LOCATION (that the distance from the midline to the medial extremity of the scapula is 3 cun) to determine l.S cun.

ACTIONS Benefits the lumbar region, dispels cold and stops diarrhoea.
INDICAnONS Dysentery, hernia, stiffness, and pain in the lower back.
n!CHMQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB30 Baihuanshu EUiii!f(!!!li!!j:f) I White Ring Transporting Point I

1.S cun lateral to the midline, level with the fourth posterior sacral foramen. Use the local proportional measurement
LOCATION (that the distance from the midline to the medial extremity of the scapula is 3 cun) to determine l.S cun.
ACTIONS Benefits the lumbar region and legs, regulates menstruation, stops leucorrhoea and seminal emission.
Enuresis, pain due to hernia, morbid leukorrhea, irregular menstruation, cold sensation and pain of the lower back,
INDICATIONS
dysuria, constipation, tenesmus, and prolapse of rectum.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun.

U831 Shangliao J:e<~fiJ 1 Upper Crevice J

LOCATION In the first posterior sacral foramen.
AcnONS Strengthens the lower back and knees, nourishes the Kidneys, and regulates the Lower Burner.
INDICATIONS Lower back pain, dysuria, constipation, irregular menstruation, morbid leukorrhea, and uterine prolapse.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

U832 Cillao ~e<:XJfiJJ Second Crevice I

LOCATION In the second posterior sacral foramen.
ACTIONS Strengthens the lower back and knees, nourishes the Kidneys, and regulates the Lower Burner.
Lower back pain, hernia, irregular menstruation, leukorrhea, dysmenorrhea, nocturnal emission, impotence, enuresis,
INDICATIONS
dysuria, muscular atrophy, and pain, numbness and motor impairment of the lower extremities.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

U833 Zhongliao <Pe(:s.a> 1 Middle Crevice I

LOCATION ·.·· In the third posterior sacral foramen.
ACTIONS Strengthens the lower back and knees, nourishes the Kidneys, and regulates the Lower Burner.
INDICAnONS Lower back pain, constipation, diarrhea, dysuria, irregular menstruation, and morbid leukorrhea.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

U834 Xlallao -rep~t.aJ 1 Lower Crevice I

LOCATION In the fourth posterior sacral foramen.
ACTIONS Strengthens the lower back and knees, nourishes the Kidneys, and regulates the Lower Burner.
INDICAnONS Lower back pain, lower abdominal pain, dysuria, constipation, and morbid leukorrhea.
TECH\\IIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB35 Huiyang tl11!1!(!2.igrll Meeting of Yang I

LOCAnoN On either side of the tip of the coccyx, O.S cun lateral to the midline.
AcnONS Clears Damp-Heat and regulates the lower jiao, benefits the coccyx and treats hemorrhoids.
INDICAnONS Dysentery, bloody stools, diarrhea, hemorrhoids, impotence, and morbid leukorrhea.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, O.S-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

U836 Chengfu jj'Kf:;l;(§!!f-)1 Receiving Support I

LOCAnON With the patient lying prone, the point is found below the buttock in the middle of the transverse gluteal crease.
ACTIONS Activates the channel, relaxes the sinews and stops pain, regulates the lower jiao, and treats hemorrhoids.
Pain in the lower back and gluteal region, constipation, muscular atrophy, and pain, numbness and motor impairment
INDICAnDNS
of the lower extremities.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 1.0-l.S cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB37 Yin men ~r'l(§l'EJ I Door of Abundance I

6 cun below UB36 (Chengfu, located in the middle of the transverse gluteal crease) on the line connecting UB36 and
LOCATION UB40 (Weizhong, located at the middle of the popliteal crease). Use the regional proportional measurement (that the
distance from the transverse gluteal crease to the transverse popliteal crease is 14 cun) to determine 6 cun.
AcnONS Activates the channel and alleviates pain, benefits the lumbar spine.
Pain in the lower back and thigh, muscular atrophy, pain, numbness and motor impairment of the lower extremities,
INDICAnONS
and hemiplegia.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 1.0-2.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 221

UB38 Fuxi ~~( J:F=;)J Floating Cleft I

When the knee is slight ly f lexed, the point is found 1 cun above the poplitea l crease (where UB39, Weiyang, is
LOCATION
located) on t he m edia l side of the tendon of the biceps femoris muscle.
ACTIONS Relaxes t he sinews and alleviates pain, clears heat and soothes contraction.
INDICATIONS Numbness of the gluteal and femoral regions, and contracture of the tendons in t he popliteal fossa.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB39 Weiyang ~1\!Wi'lg{JI Supporting the Yang I

NATURE Lower He-Sea point of SJ channel.
LOCATION On the transverse popliteal crease, lateral to UB40, at the medial border of the tendon of the biceps femoris muscle.
Strengthens t he Bladder, opens t he Water passages in the Lower Burner, and stimulates the transformation and
ACTIONS
excretion of Fluids in the Lower Burner.
Stiffness and pain of the lower back, distension and fullness of the lower abdomen, edema, dysuria, and cramps in the
INDICATIONS
leg and foot.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB40 Weizhong ~<P ( 'fl§ll Supporting the M iddle I

NATURE He-Sea point.
At the midpoint of the transverse crease of the popliteal fossa, between the tendons of m. biceps femoris and m.
LOCATION
semitendinosus.
Clears Heat and summer Heat, cools Blood, resolves Dampness, removes Obstructions from the Channel, eliminates
ACTIONS
Blood stasis, and relaxes the sinews and muscles.
Lower back pa in, motor impairment of the hip joint, contracture of the tendons in the popliteal fossa, muscular
INDICATIONS
at rophy, pa in, numbness of the lower limbs, hemiplegia, abdominal pain, vom iti ng, diarrhea, and erysipelas.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun, or prick with a three-edged needle to cause bleeding.

UB41 Fufen IIJHt(!:F ~ ll Appended Part I

NATURE Crossing point w ith 51 channel.
3 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of t he second thoracic vertebra, at the
LOCATION
medial border of the scapula.
ACTIONS Activates the channel and alleviates pain, expels Wind and Cold.
INDICATIONS Stiffness and pain in the shou lder, back and neck, and numbness of the elbow and arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB42 Pohu ~.F(~ .Q. ) I Doorway of t he Corporeal Soul I

3 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the third thoracic vertebra. Use
LOCATION
the regional proportional measurement to determine 3 cun.
ACTIONS Clears Heat, regulates Qi, stimulates the descending of Lung Qi, subdues rebe llious Qi, and stops cough and asthma.
INDICATIONS Pulmonary tubercu losis, hemoptysis, cough, asthma, neck rigidity, and pa in in the shou lder and back.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB43 Gaohuangshu •Wlllt(:Ll~~ll Vital's Transporting Point I

3 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the fourth thoracic vertebra. Use
LOCATION
t he regional proportiona l measurement to determine 3 cun.
Ton ifies Qi and t he Deficiency, nourishes the Essence and Lung Yin, invigorates the Mind, stops cough, and calms
ACTIONS
asthma.
INDICATIONS Pu lmonary tubercu losis, cough, asthma, spitting of blood, night sweating, poor memory, and nocturnal emission.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB44 Shentang ;j$~(C,I@)j Half of M ind I

3 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the fifth thoracic vertebra (where
LOCATION
DUll is located). Use the regional proportional measurement to determine 3 cun.

ACTIONS Calms t he M ind.

INDICATIONS Asthma, cardiac pain, palpitation, stuffy chest, cough, and stiffness and pain of the back.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB45 Yixi ~~(~§1)1 Surprise I

3 cun lateral to t he midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the sixth thoracic vertebra (where
LOCATION
DUl O is locat ed). Use the regional proportional measurement to determine 3 cun.
ACTIONS Expels wi nd, clea rs heat and descends Lung Qi, invigorates Qi and Blood and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, and pain in the shou lder and back.
TECHNIQUE Downward oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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222 ACUPUNCTURE

UB46 Geguan liii§!l(21 t'!l I Diaphragm Hinge I

3 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the seventh thoracic vertebra
LOCATION
(where DU9 is located). Use the regional proportional measurement to determine 3 cun.
ACTIONS Regulates the diaphragm, benefits the middle jiao and descends rebellion, activates the channel and alleviates pain.

INDICATIONS Dysphasia, hiccup, vomiting, belching, and pain and stiffness of the back.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB47 Hunmen ;tr~~~~l I Door of the Ethereal Soul I

3 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the ninth thoracic vertebra (where
LOCATION
DUS is located). Use the regional proportional measurement to determine 3 cun.

ACTIONS Regu lates Liver Qi and roots the Ethereal Soul.

INDICATIONS Pain in the chest and hypochondrium, back pain, vomiting, and diarrhea.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB48 Yanggang flUil(g,t6f!J Parameter of Yang I

3 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the tenth thoracic vertebra (where
LOCATION
DU7 is located). Use the regional proportional measurement to determine 3 cun.
ACTIONS Regu lates the Gall Bladder and clears Damp-Heat, harmonises the middle jiao.
INDICATIONS Borborygmus, abdominal pain, diarrhea, pain in the hypochondrium, and jaundice.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB49 Vishe g~~~Afl I Thought Shelter I

3 cun latera l to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the eleventh thoracic vertebra
LOCATION
(where DU6 is located). Use the regional proportional measurement to determine 3 cun.
ACTIONS Strengthens the Spleen, and stimulates memory and concentration .
INDICATIONS Abdominal distension, borborygmus, vomiting, diarrhea, and difficulty in swa llowing.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB50 Weicang i!l~('fl~ll Storehouse of Stomach I

3 cun latera l to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the twelfth thoracic vertebra. Use
LOCATION
the regional proportional measurement to determine 3 cun.
ACTIONS Harmonizes the middle jiao.
INDICATIONS Abdominal distension, pain in the epigastrium and back, and infantile indigestion.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB51 Huangmen l'iir~(!l~l I Vital's Door I

3 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the f irst lumbar vertebra (where
LOCATION
DUS is located). Use the regional proportional measurement to determine 3 cun.
ACTIONS Regulates the San Jiao and ensures the smooth spreading of the San Jiao Qi to the Heart region.
INDICATIONS Abdomina l pain, constipation, and abdominal mass.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB52 Zhishi ~~ (XI~) I Will Power Room I

LOCATION 3 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the second lumbar vertebra (DU4).
ACTIONS Strengthens the Kidneys, strengthens the lower back, and reinforces the Will.
Nocturnal emission, impotence, enuresis, frequency of urination, dysuria, irregular menstruation, pain in the back and
INDICATIONS
knees, and edema.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB53 Baohuang !mF!(.£!il I Bladder Vital I

LOCATION 3 cun latera l to the midline, level with the second sacral foramen.
ACTIONS Opens the Water passages in the Lower Burner, and stimulates the transformation and excretion of Fluids.
INDICATIONS Borborygmus, abdominal distension, pain in the lower back, and anuria.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB54 Zhubian ~il(gj!"!) I Lowermost Edge I

LOCATION 3 cun lateral to the midline, level with the hiatus of the sacrum (where DU2 is located).
ACTIONS Benefits the lumbar region, activates the channel and alleviates pain, regu lates urination and treats hemorrhoids.
Pain in the lumbar and sacral region, muscular atrophy, motor impairment of the lower extremities, dysuria, swelling
INDICATIONS
around the external genitalia, hemorrhoids, and constipation.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 1.5-2.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Point The ra peut ics I C ompre hensive Charts

 ACUPUNCTURE 223

UBSS Heyang -&:-IIIJ;(~g}J I Confluence of Yang I

2 cun directly below UB40 (Weizhong), between the medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius muscle, on the line
LOCATION
connecting UB40 and the tendo calcaneus.
ACTIONS Activates the channel and al leviates pain, stops uterine bleeding and treats pain of the genitals.
INDICATIONS Lower back pain, and pain and paralysis of the lower extremities.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0. 7-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB56 Chengjin :IA1l1i!;52J I Supporting Sinews I

lOCATION At the midpoint between UBSS (Heyang) and UBS7 (Chengshan), in the center of belly of the gastrocnemius muscle.
ACTIONS Relaxes the sinews, activates the channel and alleviates pain, benefits the foot and heel.
INDICATIONS Spasm of the gastrocnemius, hemorrhoids, and acute lower back pain.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

UB57 Chengshan iitili(;S&J 1 Supporting the Mountain I

Directly below the belly of the gastrocnemius muscle, on the line connecting UB40 (Weizhong) and the tendo calcaneus,
LOCATION about 8 cu n below UB40. If the lower border of the bel ly of the gastrocnemius muscle is not clearly visible or
palpable, locate t he point midway between the transverse popliteal crease and the lateral malleolus.
Clears Heat , relaxes the sinews and muscles, removes Obstructions from the Channel, invigorates Blood, and benefits
ACTIONS
hemorrhoids.
INDICATIONS Lower back pain, spasm of the gastrocnemius, hemorrhoids, constipation, and beriberi.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicula r insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB58 Feiyang JIH~(I:JI g}) I Flying Up I

NATURE Luo-Connecting point.
7 cun directly above UBGO (Kunlun), on the posterior border of the fibula, about 1 cun inferior and lateral to UBS7
LOCATION
(Chengshan).
ACTIONS Strengthens the Kidneys and removes Obstructions from the Channel.
INDICATIONS Headache, blurred vision, nasal obstruction, epistaxis, back pain, hemorrhoids, and weakness of the leg.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.7-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB59 Fuyang lffllljj;("f-g}J I Instep Yang I

NATURE Xi-Cleft point of Yang Qiao.
3 cun directly above UBGO (Kunlun, located level with the tip of the lateral malleolus). Use the regional proportional
LOCATION
measurement to determine 3 cun.
ACTIONS Invigorates the Yang Heel (Yang Qiao) Channel, removes Obstructions from the Channel, and strengthens the back.
Heavy sensation of the head, headache, lower back pain, redness and swelling of the lateral malleolus, and paralysis of
INDICATIONS
the lower extremities.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB60 Kunlun !Ui!2e l] Kunlun Mountains I

NATURE Jing-River and Fire point.
LOCATION In the depression between the lateral malleolus and tendo ca lcaneus.
Expels Wind, removes Obstructions from the Channel, relaxes the sinew s and muscles, strengthens the back, clea rs
ACTIONS
Heat, and invigorates Blood .
Headache, blurred vision, neck rigidity, epistaxis, pain in the shoulder, back and arm, swelling and pain of the heel,
INDICATIONS
difficult labor, and epilepsy.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable. Contraindicated in pregnant women.

UB61 Pucan 1l $ ( ~~ ll Serve and Consult I

Posterior and inferior to the lateral malleolus, directly below UBGO (Ku nlun ), in the depression of the calcaneum at the
LOCATION
border of the light and dark skin.
ACTIONS Relaxes the sinews, activates the channel and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Muscula r atrophy, weakness of the lower extremities, and pain in the heel.
TECHNIQUE Perpend icular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB62 Shenmai fll lli!t.! 9.!1 l I Ninth Channel I

NATURE Opening and Beginning point of Yang Qiao.
LOCATION In the depression directly below the lateral malleolus.
Eliminat es Interior Wind, el iminates Obstructions from the Chan nel, brightens the eyes, relaxes the sinew s and muscles,
ACTIONS
opens the Yang Heel (Yang Qiao) Channel, and ca lms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Epilepsy, mania, headache, dizziness, insomnia, backache, and aching of the leg.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0. 3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Point Therapeutics I Comprehensive Charts

224 ACUPUNCTURE

UB63 Jinmen ~r9(i5li"l I Golden Door I

NATURE Xi-Cleft point, Beginn ing point of Yang Wei.
LOCATION Anterior and inferior to UB62 (Shenmai), in the depression posterior to t he t uberosity of the fifth metatarsal bone.
ACTIONS Clears Heat and stops pain.
Mania, epilepsy, infantile convu lsion, backache, pain in the lateral malleolus, and motor impairment and pain of the
INDICATIONS
lower extrem ities.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB64 Jinggu Ji'.~(:el~ll Capital Bone I

NATURE Yuan-Source point.
LOCATION Below the t uberosity of the fifth metatarsal bone, at the border of the light and dark skin.
ACTIONS Clears Heat, expels Wind, ca lms the Mind, strengthens the back, and clears the brain.
INDICATIONS Headache, neck rigidity, pain in the lower back and thigh, and epilepsy.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibust ion is applicable.

UB65 Shugu 'JiR~(~~ll Binding Bone I

NATURE Shu-Stream and Wood point.
LOCATION Posterior to the head of the fifth metatarsal bone, at the border of the light and dark skin.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel, clears Heat, and expels Wind.
INDICATIONS M ania, headache, neck rigidity, blurred vision, backache, and pain in the lower extremities.
TECHNIQUE Perpend icular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB66 Zutonggu .u;,~:a(~~±; ) I Passing Valley of the Foot I

NATURE Ying-Spring and Water point.
LOCATION In the depression anterior to the fifth metatarsophalangeal joint.
ACTIONS Expels Wi nd, clears Heat, and removes Obstructions from the Channel.
INDICATIONS Headache, neck rigidit y, blurred vision, epistaxis, and mania.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.2-0.3 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

UB67 Zhiyin ~lli(J:I @)I Reaching Yin I

NATURE Jing-W ell and Metal point.
LOCATION About 0.1 cun posterior t o the corner of the nail on the lateral side of the small toe.
ACTIONS Brightens the eyes, expe ls Wind, removes Obstructions from the Channel, and invigorates Blood.
Headache, nasal obstruction, epistaxis, ophthalmalgia, malposition of fetus, difficult labor, retention of placenta after
INDICATIONS
birth, and feverish sensation in the sole.
TECHNIQUE Superficial insertion, 0.1 cun. Moxibustion is applicable. Contraindicated in pregnant women.

KD CHANNEL OF FOOT-SHAOYIN

KD1 Yongquan ;~,\l!. ( ~~ ll Bubbling Spring I

NATURE Jing-Well and Wood point.
On the sole of the foot, in the depression appearing when the foot is in plantar flexion, approximately one third of
LOCATION
the dista nce from the base of the second toe to the posterior edge of the heel.
Subd ues W ind, clears Heat, tonifies Yin, subdues Empty Heat, calms the Mind, restores consciousness, and clears the
ACTIONS
brain.
Headache, blurred vision, dizziness, sore throat, dryness of the tongue, loss of voice, dysuria, infantile convulsions,
INDICATIONS
feverish sensation in the sole, and loss of consciousness.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD2 Rangu ~s(~;;;;ll Blazing Valley I

NATURE Ying-Spring and Fire point, Beginning point of Yin Qiao.
LOCATION Anterior and inferior to the medial malleolus, in the depression at the lower border of the navicular tuberosity.
ACTIONS Cools Blood, clears Empty Heat, and invigorates the Yin Heel (Yin Qiao) Channel.
Pruritus vu lvae, uterine prolapse, irregular menstruation, nocturnal emission, hemoptysis, thirst, diarrhea, swelling and
INDICATIONS
pain of the dorsum of the foot, and acute infantile omphalitis.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Point The rape utics I Compre he nsive Cha rts

 ACUPUNCTURE 225

KD3 Taixi ;;\;:fa( EH JJI) I Greater Stream l

NATURE Shu-Stream and Yuan-Source, and Earth point.
LOCATION In the depression midway between the medial malleolus and the tendo calcaneus (Achilles).
ACTIONS Tonifies the Kidneys, benefits the Essence, strengthens the lower back and knees, and regulates the Uterus.
Sore throat, toothache, deafness, tinnitus, dizziness, spitting of blood, asthma, thirst, irregular menstruation, insomnia,
INDICATIONS
noct urnal emission, impot ence, frequent micturition, and pain in the lower back and knees.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD4 Dazhong 7;::£1(01§)1 Big Bell I

NATURE Luo-Connect ing point.
Posterior and inferior to the medial malleolus, in the depression bordered posteriorly by the tendo ca lcaneus and
LOCATION
inferiorly by the ca lcaneus.
ACTIONS Strengthens t he back and lifts the spirit.
INDICATIONS Spitting of blood, asthma, stiffness and pain of the lower back, dysuria, constipation, pain in the heel, and dementia.
TECHNIQUE Perpend icular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KDS Shuiquan *~ !*~ll Water Spring I

NATURE Xi-Cleft point.
LOCATION 1 cun directly below Taixi (KD3), in the depression anterior and superior to the medial tuberosity of the calcaneus.
ACTIONS Promotes t he circulat ion of Blood, benefits urination, stops abdominal pain, and regulates the Uterus.
INDICATIONS Amenorrhea, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, uterine prolapse, dysuria, and blurred vision .
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD6 Zhaohai fl~;Ji( :ioHl I Shining Sea I

NATURE Opening point of Yin Qiao.
LOCATION In the depression on the lower border of the medial malleolus, or 1 cun below the medial malleolus.
ACTIONS Nourishes Yin, cools Blood, opens chest, benefits eyes and throat, invigorates Yin Qiao, strengthens Uterus, calms Mind.
Irregular menstruation, morbid leukorrhea, uterine prolapse, pruritus vulvae, frequent micturition, retention of urine,
INDICATIONS
constipat ion, epilepsy, insomnia, sore throat, and asthma.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD7 Fuliu lUH~*ll Returning Current I

NATURE Jing-River and Metal, Tonification point.
LOCATION 2 cun directly above KD3 (Taixi), on the anterior border of tendo calcaneus.
ACTIONS Resolves Dampness, Tonifies the Kidneys, strengthens the lower back, eliminates edema, and regulates sweating.
Edema, abdominal dist ension, diarrhea, borborygmus, muscular atrophy of the leg, night sweating, spontaneous sweating,
INDICATIONS
and febrile diseases wit hout sweating.
TECHNIQUE Perpend icula r insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD8 Jiaoxin x fii!lilWJ Meeting the SP Channel l

NATURE Xi-Cleft Yin Qiao.
LOCATION 0.5 cun anterior to KD7 (Fuliu), 2 cun above KD3 (Taixi) posterior to the medial border of the tibia.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel, removes accumulations, stops abdom inal pain, and regulates menstruation.
INDICATIONS Irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, uterine bleeding, uterine prolapse, diarrhea, constipation, and pain of the testis.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-0. 7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD9 Zhubin ~i!i!~l:'.!ll Guest Building I

NATURE Xi-Cleft point Yin Wei.
LOCATION 5 cun directly above KD3 (Taixi), at the lower end of the belly of the gastrocnemius muscle.
ACTIONS Tonifies Kidney Yin, opens the chest, calms the Mind, and regulat es the Yi n Linking (Yin Wei) Channel.
INDICATIONS Mental disorders, pa in in the foot and lower leg, and hernia.
TECHNIQUE Perpend icu lar insertion, 0.5-0. 7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD10 Yingu 1\ti"i-(§~ll Yin Valley I

NATURE He-Sea and Water point.
On the medial side of the popl itea l fossa, when the knee is flexed the point lies between the t endons of the
LOCATION
semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles, level with UB40 (Weizhong).
ACTIONS Tonifies Kidney Yin and expels Dampness from the Lower Burner.
INDICATIONS Impotence, hernia, uterine bleeding, dysuria, pain in the knee and popliteal fossa, and mental disorders.
TECHNIQUE Perpend icu lar insertion, 0.8-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Point Therapeutics I Comprehensive Charts

226 ACUPUNCTURE

KD11 Henggu ~i!i<il~l I Horizontal Bone I

LOCATION On the superior border of symphysis pubis, 0.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with RN2 (Qugu).
ACTIONS Benefits the lower jiao.
INDICATIONS Fullness and pain in the lower abdomen, dysuria, enuresis, nocturnal emission, impotence, and pain in genitalia.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD12 Dahe *:i!i(CIIil!lll Great Clarity I

LOCATION 4 cun below the umbilicus, 0.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with RN3 (Zhongji).
ACTIONS Tonifies the Kidneys and astringes essence.
INDICATIONS Nocturnal emission, impotence, morbid leukorrhea, pain in the external genitalia, and uterine prolapse.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD13 Qixue lill,.'ii:(JI ~)I Qi H.ole I

NATURE Intersection point with Chong.
LOCATION 3 cun below the umbilicus, 0.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with RN4 (Guanyuan).
ACTIONS Tonifies the Kidneys, nourishes Kidney Essence, and removes Obstructions from the Channel.
INDICATIONS Irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, dysuria, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD14 Siman 119Ji!Afl:'..fl I Four Fullness I

LOCATION 2 cun below the umbilicus, 0.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with RNS (Shimen).
ACTIONS Benefits the lower jiao and stops pain, move Qi and Blood, regulates the water passages and promotes urination.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pain and distension, diarrhea, nocturnal emission, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, and postpartum pain.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD15 Zhongzhu <Pi:f(g;;;;)l Middle Flow I

LOCATION 1 cun below the umbilicus, 0.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with RN7 (Yin jiao).
ACTIONS Regulates the intestines, regulates the lower jiao.
INDICATIONS Irregular menstruation, abdominal pain, and constipation.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD16 Huangshu 'jij'it(!Ht) I Vitals Transporting Point I

NATURE Intersection point with Chong.
LOCATION 0.5 cun lateral to the umbilicus, level with RN8 (Shenque).
ACTIONS Tonifies the Kidneys, benefits the Heart, and removes Obstructions from the Channel.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pain and distension, vomiting, constipation, and diarrhea.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD17 Shangqu il~illll 121 ~ l I Trade Bend I

LOCATION 2 cun above the umbilicus, 0.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with RNlO (Xiawan).
ACTIONS Dispels accumulation and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pain, diarrhea, and constipation.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

··KD18 Shiguan :t:iH!"lt!il I Stone Hinge I

LOCATION 3 cun above the umbilicus, 0.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with RNll (Jianli).
ACTIONS Regulates the lower jiao and alleviates pain, regulates qi and moves blood stasis, harmonizes the Stomach.
INDICATIONS Vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, postpartum abdominal pain, and infertility.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD19 Yindu I!UB(~!:i:ll Yin City I

LOCATION 4 cun above the umbilicus, 0.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with RN12 (Zhongwan).
ACTIONS Regulates qi and harmonizes the Stomach, Lowers rebellion and alleviates cough and wheezing.
INDICATIONS Borborygmus, abdominal pain, epigastric pain, constipation, and vomiting.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD20 Futonggu 11~-§{~~~l I Connecting Valley on the Abdomen I

LOCATION 5 cun above the umbilicus, 0.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with RN13 (Shangwan).
ACTIONS Harmonizes the middle jiao, unbinds the chest and transforms phlegm.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pain and distension, vomiting, and indigestion.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Point Therapeutics I Comprehensive Charts

 ACUPUNCTURE 227

KD21 You men I!I!W,(~~l\ Secluded Door I

LOCATION 6 cun above the umbilicus, 0.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with RN14 (Juque).
ACTIONS Fortifies Spleen, harmonizes Stomach, lowers rebellion, spreads Liver Qi, benefits the chest and breasts and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Abdomina l pai n and distension, indigestion, vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, and morning sickness.
TECHNIQUE Perpend icu lar insertion, 0.3-0.7 cun. To avoid injuring the Liver, avoid deep insertion. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD22 Bulang ~il !~~l I Stepping Corridor I

LOCATION In t he fifth intercost al space, 2 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Unbinds the chest, lowers rebellious Lung and Stomach Qi.
INDICATIONS Cough, ast hma, distension and fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, vomiting, and anorexia.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. To avoid injuring the Heart, deep insertion is not advisable. Moxibust ion is applicable.

KD23 Shenfeng ;jljlt.t(t! *l I Mind Seal I

LOCATION In the fourth intercostal space, 2 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Unbinds t he chest, lowers rebellious Lung and Stomach qi, benefits the breasts.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, fu llness in the chest and hypochondrium, and mastitis.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD24 Lingxu !I tit(~ ol) 1 Spirit Burial Ground I

LOCATION In t he third intercostal space, 2 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Unbinds the chest , lowers rebellious Lung and Stomach Qi, benefits the breasts.
INDICATIONS Cough, ast hma, f ullness in the chest and hypochondrium, and mast itis.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD25 Shencang ~•ii<! t!~l I Mind Storage I

LOCATION In the second intercostal space, 2 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Tonifies t he Kidneys and calms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, and chest pain.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD26 Yuzhong l!ii!<P!"'%l I Amid Elegance I

LOCATION In the first intercostal space, 2 cun lateral to the midline.
ACTIONS Unbindsthe chest and benefits the breasts, transforms phlegm and lowers rebellious Lung and Stomach Qi.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, accumulation of phlegm, and fullness in the chest and hypochondrium .
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

KD27 Shufu ~R'f!~!Fl I House of Transporting Point 1

LOCATION In the depression on the lower border of the clavicle, 2 cun lateral to the midline.
Resolves Ph legm, stimulates the Kidneys to receive Qi (aiding inhalation). subdues rebellious Qi, stops cough, and calms
ACTIONS
asthma.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, and chest pain.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

PC CHANNEL OF HAND-JUEY~
PC1 Tianchi ::R51!! (~ XI) I Heavenly Pond I
LOCATION In the fourth intercostal space, 1 cun latera l t o the nipple.
ACTIONS Unbinds the chest, transforms phlegm and descends rebellion, regu lates qi and dissipates nodules, Benefits the breasts.
INDICATIONS Suffocating sensation in the chest, pain in the hypochondrium, and swelling and pain of the axillary region.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.2-0.4 cun. Deep insertion is not advisable. Moxibustion is applicable.

PC2 Tianquan ::R~! ~~ l I Heavenly Spring I

LOCATION 2 cun below the anterior axillary fold, between the two heads of the biceps brachii.
ACTIONS Unbinds the chest , invigorat es blood and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Cardiac pain, distension of the hypochondrium, cough, pain in the chest, back, and the medial side of the arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0 .7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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228 ACUPUNCTURE

PC3 Quze 1111~(~S!ill Marsh on Bend I

NATURE He-Sea and Water point.
·;
LOCATION On the transverse cubital crease, at the ulnar side of the tendon of the biceps brachii.
Expels Toxic Fire, clears Heat, cools Blood, soothes the Stomach, invigorates Blood and eliminates stasis, opens the
ACTIONS
orifices, stops convulsions, and calms the Mind.
Cardiac pain, palpitation, febrile diseases, irritability, stomachache, vomiting, pain in the elbow and arm, and tremor of
INDQTIONS
;;·; the hand and arm.
TICHI\IIQUE Perpendicular insertion, O.S-0.7 cun, or prick with a three-edged needle to cause bleeding. Moxibustion is applicable.

PC4 Xime!'l ... IIIM<~~El I cleft·ooor I

NATURE Xi-Cleft point.
5 cun above the transverse crease of the wrist, on the line connecting PC3 (Quze) and PC7 (Daling), between the
LOCATION
tendons of palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis.
Regulates and cools Blood, removes Obstructions from the Channel, opens the chest, calms the Heart, stops pain, and
ACTIONS
strengthens the Mind.
INDICATIONS Cardiac pain, palpitation, epistaxis, hematemesis, hemoptysis, chest pain, furuncle, and epilepsy.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

I!M Jlanshi rlll~(Z!-Af} I lntermedlaiY I

NATURE Jing-River and Metal point, meeting point of Hand three Yin Channels.
LOCATION 3 cun above the transverse crease of the wrist, between the tendons of palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis.
ACTIONS Clears Heat, opens the chest, regulates Heart Qi, resolves Phlegm in the Heart, and regulates the Stomach.
Cardiac pain, palpitation, stomachache, vomiting, febrile diseases, irritability, malaria, mental disorders, epilepsy, swelling
INDICATIONS
of the axilla, and contracture of the elbow and arm.
TECHNIQUE

NATURE
LOCATION

ACTIONS
- Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun.

~~ r'il!IJ!!..II~l I
Luo-Connecting point, Opening point of Yin Wei.
Moxibustion is applicable.

Inner. Gate I

2 cun above the transverse crease of the wrist, between the tendons of palmaris longus and flexor radialis.
Opens the chest, regulates Qi and Heart Blood, regulates and clears the San Jiao, regulates the Terminal Yin Channels
(the Liver and Pericardium channels), harmonizes the Stomach, and calms the Mind.
Cardiac pain, palpitation, stuffy chest, pain in the hypochondrium, stomachache, nausea, vomiting, hiccup, mental
INDICATIONS
disorders, epilepsy, insomnia, febrile diseases, irritability, malaria, and contracture and pain of the elbow and arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

IIC7., 'i. ~ *lllttillll I Great Hut I

NATURE Shu-Stream, Yuan-Source, Earth point.
LOCATION In the middle of the transverse crease of the wrist, between the tendons of palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis.
ACTIONS Clears Heat and calms the Mind.
Cardiac pain, palpitation, stomachache, vomiting, mental disorders, epilepsy, stuffy chest, pain in the hypochondrium,
INDICATIONS
convulsion, insomnia, irritability, and foul breath.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

JIC8' ~ ~l!l:<!.::;:s> I Labor Palace I

NATURE Ying-Spring and Fire point.
On the transverse crease of the palm, between the second and third metacarpal bones, just below where the tip of
LOCATION
the middle finger rests when a fist is made.
ACTIONS Clears Heart Fire and calms the Mind.
Cardiac pain, mental disorders, epilepsy, gastritis, foul breath, fungal infection of the hand and foot, vomiting, and
INDICATIONS
nausea.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

•• I· ~ilOOg.• .Pirt~fJH
Jing-Well and Wood point.
,. ... Center Rush I

In the center of the tip of the middle finger.

•
Expels Wind, clears Heat, and restores consciousness.
,·,.
Cardiac pain, palpitation, loss of consciousness, aphasia with stiffness and swelling of the tongue, febrile diseases, heat
.
stroke, convulsion, and feverish sensation in the palm.
't(CMNIQ.UE Superficial insertion, 0.1 cun, or prick with a three-edged needle to cause bleeding. Moxibustion is applicable.

Point Therapeutics I Comprehensive Charts

 ACUPUNCTURE 229

S.J CHANNEL OF HAND-SHAOYANG

..1
SJ1 Guanchong rlliliti!~~l 1 Gate Rush
NATURE Jing-Well and Metal point.
LOCATION On the lateral side of the fourth phalange, about 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of the nail.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, clears Heat, invigorates the Blood, stops convulsions, and restores consciousness.
INDICATIONS Headache, redness of the eyes, sore throat, stiffness of the tongue, febrile diseases, and irritability.
TECHNIQUE Superficial insertion, 0.1 cun, or prick with a three-edged needle to cause bleeding. Moxibustion is applicab le.

SJ2 Yemen ilm(Q!ll'Ell Fluid Door I

NATURE Ying-Spring and Water point.
LOCATION In the depression proximal to the margin of the web between the fourth and fifth fingers when a fist is made.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, clears Heat, removes Obstructions from the Channel, and benefits the ear.
INDICATIONS Headache, redness of the eyes, sudden deafness, sore throat, malaria, and pain in the arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun toward the interspace of the metacarpal bones. Moxibustion is appl icabl e.

SJ3 Zhongzhu "\')if(§ A~) I Middle Island I

NATURE Shu-Stream and Wood point.
On the dorsum of the hand between the fourth and fifth metacarpal bones, in the depression proxima l to the
LOCATION
metacarpophalangeal joint.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, clears Heat, removes Obstructions from the Channel, regulates Qi, benefits the ear, and lifts the Mind.
Headache, redness of the eyes, deafness, tinnitus, sore throat, febrile diseases, pain in the elbow and arm, and motor
INDICATIONS
impairment of fingers.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ4 Yangchi ~itll.(~XIll Yang Pond I

NATURE Yuan-Source point.
On the transverse crease of the dorsum of wrist, in the depression between the tendons of ext ensor digitorum
LOCATION
communis and extensor digiti minimi.
Clears Heat, removes Obstructions from the Channel, relaxes the sinews and muscles, regu lates the Stomach, promotes
ACTIONS transformation of Fluids, benefits the Original Qi, and strengthens the Penetrating (Chong) and Ren (Conception)
Channels.
INDICATIONS Pain in the arm, shoulder and wrist, malaria, deafness, and thirst.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable .

SJS Waiguan 9H~(21~) I Outer Gate I

NATURE Luo-Connecting point, Opening point of Yang Wei.
On the dorsum of the forearm, 2 cun above the wrist crease, between the radius and ulna. Remembering that the
LOCATION distance from the transverse crease of the wrist to the transverse cubital crease is 12 cun, move 2 cun proximally
from the wrist crease to locate the level of SJS.
Expels Wind Heat, releases the Exterior, removes Obstructions from the Channel, benefits the ear, and subdues rising
ACTIONS
Liver Yang.
Febrile diseases, headache, pain in the cheek, stra ined neck, deafness, tinnitus, pain in the hypochondrium, motor
INDICATIONS
impairment of the elbow and arm, pain in the fingers, and tremor of the hand.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ6 Zhigou ::li:;J/(XI-1') I Brancing Ditch I

NATURE Jing-River and Fire point.
On the dorsum of the forearm, 3 cun above the wrist crease, between the radius and ulna, on the radial side of
LOCATION
extensor digitorum.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, clears Heat, regulates Qi, and removes Obstructions from the Channel, and opens the Intestines.
Tinnitus, deafness, pain in the hypochondrium, vomiting, constipation, febrile diseases, aching and heavy sensation of
INDICATIONS
the shoulder and back, and sudden hoarseness of voice.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ7 Huizong fi*(£1§)1 Converging Channels I

NATURE Xi-Cleft point.
LOCATION About one finger width lateral to SJ6 (Zhigou), on the radial side of the ulna.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel, benefits the eyes and ears, and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Deafness, pain in the ear, epilepsy, and pain in the arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibu stion is applicable.

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230 ACUPUNCTURE

8.18 Sanvanshuo i!l'!lll!tl{ttg}S[)i Three Yang connection J

NATURE Meeting point of the Hand three Yang Channels.
lOCATiON On the dorsum of the forearm, 4 cun above the transverse wrist crease, between the radius and ulna.
ACTIONS Clears Heat and removes Obstructions from the Channel.
INDICATiONS Deafness, sudden hoarseness of voice, pain in the chest and hypochondrium, pain in the hand and arm, and toothache.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ9 Sidu l!!iliJ(Af!iii)l Four Ditdles I

lOCATION On the dorsum of the forearm, 5 cun below the olecranon, between the radius and ulna.
ACTIONS Benefits the throat and ears.
INDICATiONS Deafness, toothache, migraine, sudden hoarseness of voice, and pain in the forearm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ10 Tianjing ~'#f!t!!~J I Heavenly Well I

NATURE He-Sea and Earth point.
lOCATiON In the depression about 1 cun directly superior to the olecranon when the elbow is flexed.
Clears Heat, resolves Dampness and Phlegm, dispels stagnation, dispels "Masses" (lymph-glands swelling), relaxes the
ACTiONS
tendons, and regulates the Nutritive and Defensive Qi.
INDICATIONS Migraine, pain in the neck, shoulder and arm, epilepsy, scrofula, and goiter.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ11 Qlnglengyuan iiiJ~)Jlll(~\o!le!ll Cooling Gulf I

LOCATION When the elbow is flexed, the point is found 1 cun above SJlO (Tianjing).
ACTioNS Activates the channel and dispels wind-damp, clears Damp-Heat.
INDICATIONS Motor impairment and pain in the shoulder and arm, and migraine.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

$.112 lCiaoluo i!!i"i~(±'-'tll Removing Riverbed I

lOCATION Midway between SJU (Qinglengyuan) and SJ13 (Naohui) on the line connecting the olecranon and SJ14 (Jianliao).
ACTiONS Activates the channel and alleviates pain.
INDICATiONS Headache, neck rigidity, and motor impairment and pain of the arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ13 Naohui • •(.!:c.~) I Shoulder Con~nce J

NATURE Intersection point with Yang Wei.
At the posterior border of the deltoid muscle on the line connecting SJ14 (Jianliao, located posterior and inferior to the
lOCATION
acromion) and the olecranon.
ACTiONS Regulates qi and transforms phlegm, activates the channel and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Goiter, and pain in the shoulder and arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

8.114 Jianliao !iiifi!2:!iil I Shoulder Crevice l

When the arm is abducted, the point is found posterior and inferior to the acromion, in the depression about 1 cun
lOCATION
posterior to Ll15 (Jianyu).
ACTIONS Dispels Wind-Damp, alleviates pain and benefits the shoulder joint.
INDICATiONS Pain and motor impairment of the shoulder and upper arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.7-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

8.115 Tmnliao ~fi!~iil I Heavenly Crevice I

NATURE Intersection point with Yang Wei.
lOCATiON Midway between GB21 (Jianjing) and 5113 (Quyuan), on the superior angle of the scapula.
ACTIONS Dispels wind-damp, activates the channel and alleviates pain, unbinds the chest and regulates Qi.
INDICATIONS Pain in the shoulder and elbow, and stiffness of the neck.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ16 Tianyou ~~~~~~~ll Heavenly Window J

Posterior and inferior to the mastoid process, on the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoideus muscle, almost
LOCATiON level with 5117 (located posteroinferior to the angle of the mandible anterior to the SCM) and UB 10 (Tianzhu).
ACTiONS Benefits the head and sense organs, regulates and descends Qi.
INDICATIONS Headache, neck rigidity, facial swelling, blurred vision, and sudden deafness.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Point Therapeutics I Comprehensive Charts

 ACUPUNCTURE 231

SJ17 Yifeng ~JSI.(()\1~)1 Wind Screen I

NATURE Crossing point with GB channel.
LOCATION Posterior to the lobule of the ear, in the depression between the mandible and the mastoid process.
ACTIONS Expels Wind and benefits the ear.
INDICATIONS Tinnitus, deafness, otorrhea, facial paralysis, toothache, swelling of the cheek, scrofula, and trismus.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ18 Qimai ~/ll(J!I~) I Feeding the Channels I

LOCATION Posterior to the ear, in the center of the ma stoid process, a third of the distance from SJ17 {Yifeng) to SJ20 {Jiaosun).
ACTIONS Benefits the ears, calms fright and pacifies Wind .
INDICATIONS Headache, tinnitus, deafness, and infantile convulsion.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun, or prick with a three-edged needle to cause bleeding. Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ19 Luxi iU!.(.':x:.61) I Skull Rest I

LOCATION Posterior to the ear, two thirds of the distance from SJ17 {Yifeng) to SJ20 {Jiaosun).
ACTIONS Benefits the ears and clears heat, calms fright and relieves tetany.
INDICATIONS Headache, tinnitus, deafness, pain in the ear, and infantile convulsion.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ20 Jiaosun f!(lffi(:z.te) 1 Angle of Regeneration I

LOCATION Directly above the ear apex, slightly above the hairline.
ACTIONS Benefits the ears, benefits the teeth, gum s and lips, clears heat.
INDICATIONS Tinnitus, redness, pain and swelling of the eye, swelling of the gum, toothache, and parotitis.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ21 Ermen J:~:r,(O i ff'l 1 Ear Door I

LOCATION Just anterior to the supratragic notch, in the depress ion that appears when the mouth is opened.
ACTIONS Benefits the ears, clears heat.
INDICATIONS Tinnitus, deafness, otorrhea, toothache, and stiffness of the lip.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibu stion is applicable .

SJ22 Erheliao 'fll~(2tlil I Ear Grain Seam I

NATURE Crossing point with 51 channel and GB channel.
Anterior and superior to SJ21 {Ermen), leve l with the root of the auricle, on the posterior border of the hairline of the
LOCATION
temple where the superficial temporal artery passes.
ACTIONS Expels Wind and alleviates pain .
INDICATIONS Migraine, tinnitus, and lockjaw.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.1-0.3 cun. Avoid puncturing the artery. Moxibustion is applicable.

SJ23 Sizhukong i\i\t1~(Af~~l I Silk Bamboo Hole I

LOCATION In the depression at the lateral end of the eyebrow.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, brightens the eyes, and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Headache, redness and pain of the eye, blurred vision, twitching of the eyelid, toothache, and facial paralysis.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun.

GB CHANNEL OF FOOT-SHAOYANG
GB1 Tongziliao li'f~ ( ~XIfi ) I Pupil Crevice I
NATURE Crossing point with 51 and SJ channels.
LOCATION 0.5 cun lateral to the outer canthus, in the depression on the lateral side of the orbit.
ACTIONS Expels Wind Heat, clears Fire, and brightens the eyes.
INDICATIONS Headache, redness and pain of the eyes, failing vision, lacrimation, and deviation of the eye and mouth.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun.

GB2 Tinghui l!UW(~£1) I Hearing Convergence I

LOCATION Anterior to the intertragic notch, at the posterior border of the condyloid process of mandible, found with mouth open.
ACTIONS Expels Exterior Wind, removes Obstruction s from the Channel, and benefits the ear.
Deafness, tinnitus, toothache, motor impairment of the temporomandibular joint, mumps, and deviation of the eyes and
INDICATIONS
mouth .
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun. Moxi bu stion is applicable.

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232 ACUPUNCTURE

GB3 Shangguan J:llll(~etl I Upper Hinge l

LOCATION In front of the ear, on the upper border of the zygomatic arch, in the depression directly above ST7 (Xiaguan)
ACTIONS Eliminates wind and benefits the ears, activates the channel and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Headache, deafness, tinnitus, otitis media, deviation of the eye and mouth, and toothache.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Deep insertion is not advisable. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB4 ~Jia(!!l-@1)1
Hanyan Unpleasant Nodding l
LOCATION A quarter of the distance from STS to GB7, inside the hairline of the temporal region.
ACTIONS Eliminates wind and clears heat, activates the channel and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Migraine, vertigo, tinnitus, pain in the outer canthus, toothache, convulsion, and epilepsy.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GBS Xuanlu ~-(~~)[ Hanging Skull J

LOCATION At the midpoint of the line connecting STS to GB7, inside the hairline of the temporal region.
ACTIONS Expels wind and clears heat, activates the channel and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Migraine, pain in the outer canthus, and facial swelling.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB6 Xuanli ~ill(~ e.t)j Deviation from Hanging Skull I

NATURE Crossing point with SJ and ST channels.
LOCATION Three quarters of the distance from STS to GB7, inside the hairline of the temporal region.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel and benefits the ear.
INDICATIONS Migraine, pain in the outer canthus, tinnitus, and frequent sneezing.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB7 Qubin Bilti(~t!.!)[ Crooked Temple I

LOCATION Directly above the posterior border of the pre-auricular hairline, about one finger width anterior to SJ20 (Jiaosun)
ACTIONS Eliminates wind and benefits the mouth and jaw.
INDICATIONS Headache, swelling of the cheek, trismus, pain in the temporal region, and infantile convulsion.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB8 Shuaigu ~s(>i<~ll Leading Valley I

NATURE Crossing point with UB channel.
LOCATION Above the apex of the auricle, 1.5 cun above the hairline.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel and benefits the ear.
INDICATIONS Migraine, vertigo, vomiting, and infantile convulsion.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB9 Tlanchong 7<:1ii(~~~ I Penetrating Heaven 1

LOCATION Directly above the posterior border of the auricle, 2 cun above the hairline, about 0.5 cun posterior to GBS (Shuaigu).
ACTIONS Expels Interior Wind, removes Obstructions from the Channel, subdues rebellious Qi, calms spasms, and calms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Headache, epilepsy, swelling and pain of the gums, and convulsion.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun.

GB10 Fubai ~e(!f!!!l;J I Floating White I

LOCATION Posterior and superior to the mastoid process, at the midpoint of the curve drawn from GB9 to GB12.
ACTIONS Clears the head and benefits the neck region, activates the channel and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Headache, tinnitus, and deafness.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB11 Touqiaoyin aflili'~(~rti§)j Head Yin Cavity l

LOCATION Posterior and superior to the mastoid process, on the line connecting GB9 (Tianchong) and GB12 (Wangu).
ACTIONS Clears the head and benefits the sense organs, Activates the channel and alleviates pain
INDICATIONS Pain of the head and neck, tinnitus, deafness, and pain in the ears.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB12 Wangu :l't!it(~iliHI Whole Bone J

NATURE Crossing point with UB channel.
LOCATION In the depression posterior and inferior to the mastoid process.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, subdues rebellious Qi, calms spasms, and calms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Headache, insomnia, swelling of the cheek, retroauricular pain, deviation of the eye and mouth, and toothache.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

Point Therapeutics I Comprehensive Charts

 ACUPUNCTURE 233

GB13 Benshen *ijlll(~ el ll Mind Root I

NATU RE Intersection point with Yang Wei.
0.5 cun above the hairline of the forehead, 3 cun lateral to DU24 (Shenting, located on the midline, 0.5 cun with in the
LOCATION hairline). Remembering that the distance from t he midline to the corner of the hairline is 4.5 cu n, move laterally from
the midline 3 cun to locate GB13.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, clears the brain, calms the M ind, and Gathers Essence to the head.
INDICATIONS Headache, insomnia, vertigo, and epilepsy.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun . Moxibust ion is applicable.

GB14 Yangbai ~ B~~~ l l Yang White I

NATURE Intersection point with Yang Wei.
LOCATION 1 cun directly above the midpoint of the eyebrow on the foreh ead.
ACTIONS Eliminates wind, benefits the head and alleviates pai n, benefits the eyes.
Headache in the frontal region, pain of the orbit al ridge, eye pain, vertigo, twitching of the eyelids, prolapse of the
INDICATIONS
eyelids, and lacrimation.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB15 Toulinqi ~~lli i:li(~gj~ ) I Falling Tears on the Head I

Directly above GB14 (Yangbai, located 1 cun directly above the midpoint of the eyebrow on t he forehead). 0.5 cun
LOCATION
above the hairline, midway between the midline and the corner of t he hairline.
ACTIONS Calms the Mind and balances the emotions.
INDICATIONS Headache, vertigo, lacrimation, pain in the outer ca nthus, rhinorrhea, and nasal obstruction.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

GB16 Muchuang § l'!l\ ( ~~ l I Eye W indow I

LOCATION 1.5 cun posterior to GB15 (Toulinqi) on the line con necting GB15 (Toulinqi) and GB20 (Fengchi).
ACTIONS Benefits the eyes, eliminates Wind and alleviat es pa in.
INDICATIONS Headache, vertigo, red and painful eyes, and nasal obstruction .
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun . Moxibust ion is applicable.

GB17 Zhengying lE ~ ! 2:l gj ) I Upright Encam pment I

LOCATION 1.5 cu n post erior to GB16 (Muchuang) on the line connecting GB15 (Toulinqi) and GB20 (Fengchi).
ACTIONS Benefits the head and alleviates pain, pacifies t he Stomach.
INDICATIONS Migraine and vertigo.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. M oxi bustion is applicable.

GB18 Che ngling iit!l(5gj l I Receiving the Spirit I

NATURE Intersection point Yang W ei.
LOCATION 1.5 cun post erior to GB17 (Zhengying) on the line connecting GBlS (Toulinqi) and GB20 (Fengchi).
ACTIONS Ca lms the Mind and clea rs t he brain.
INDICATIONS Headache, vertigo, epistaxis, and rhinorrhea.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. M oxibustion is applica ble.

GB19 Naokong !lli~! Xl~l I Brain Cavit y I

Directly above GB20 (Fengchi). level w it h and lateral to DU 17 (Naohu) at t he superior border of t he external occipit al
LOCATION
protuberance.
ACTIONS Benefits the head and alleviat es pain, pacifies wi nd and clea rs t he sense orga ns.
INDICATIONS Headache, stiffness of t he neck, vertigo, pa inful eyes, tinnitus, and epilepsy.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. M oxibust ion is applicable.

GB20 Fengchi il.itl!( ~XI) I Wind Pond I

NATURE Crossing point with Ya ng Wei and Yang Qiao.
In t he depression betw een t he upper portion of t he sternocleidomastoideus and the trapezi us muscles just inferior to
LOCATION
the occiput.
Expels Interior and Exterior Wind, clea rs Heat, subdues rising Liver Yang, brightens the eyes, benefit s the ea rs, and
ACTIONS
clears the brain.
Headache, vertigo, insomnia, pa in and stiffness of t he neck, blurred vision, glaucoma, red and painful eyes, tinnitus,
INDICATIONS
convulsion, epilepsy, infantile convulsion, febrile diseases, common cold, nasal obstruction, and rhinorrhea.
TECHNIQUE Insert ion of 0.5-0.8 cun towards the t ip of t he nose. Moxibustion is applicable.

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234 ACUPUNCTURE

GB21 Jianjing !IHt-(C!~) I Shoulder Well I

NATURE Crossing point SJ channel and Yang Wei.
M idway between the lower border of the spinous process of the 7th cervical vertebra (where DU14 is located) and the
LOCATION
acromion, at the highest point of the trapezius muscle.
ACTIONS Relaxes t he sinews and muscles, promotes lactation, and promotes delivery.
Pa in and rigidity of the neck, pain in the shoulder and back, motor impairment of the arm, insufficient lactation,
INDICATIONS
mastit is, scrofula, apoplexy, and difficult labor.
TECHNIQUE Perpend icular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB22 Yuanye ;.~m~(I21Q!l ) I Gulf Fluid I

W hen the arm is raised, t he point is found on the mid-axillary line, 3 cun below t he axilla (usually in the 4th
LOCATION intercost al space). Use t he regional proportional measurement (from the axillary fold on the lateral side of the chest to
the ti p of t he 11th rib is 12 cun), to determine 3 cun.
ACTIONS Regulates qi and unbinds t he chest, benefits the axilla.
INDICATIONS Chest fullness, swelling of the axillary region, pain in the hypochondrium, and pain and motor impairment of the arm.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun.

GB23 Zhejin U:mi(~2l I Flank Sinews I

LOCATION 1 cun anterior t o GB22 (Yuanye), approximately level wit h the nipple.
ACTIONS Unbinds the chest and lowers rebel lion, Regulates Qi in the three jiao.
INDICATIONS Fullness of the chest, pain in the hypochondrium, and asthma.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibust ion is applicable.

GB24 Riyue Bfl(gj~ ) l Sun and Moon I

NATURE Front Mu point of GB, Crossing point with SP channel.
LOCATION Below LV14 (Qimen), directly below the nipple, in t he seventh intercost al space.
ACTIONS Resolves Damp Heat, and promotes the function of the Gall Bladder and Liver.
INDICATIONS Pain in t he hypochondrium, vom iti ng, acid regurgitation, hiccup, jaundice, and mastitis.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibust ion is applicable.

GB25 Jingmen Jim('Elff!l l Capital Door I

NATURE Front Mu point of KD.
LOCATION On t he lateral side of the abdomen, at the lower border of the free end of the twelfth rib.
Tonif ies the Kidneys and regu lates the water passages, Fortifies the Spleen and regulates the intestines, Strengthens
ACTIONS
t he lumbar region.
INDICATIONS Abdominal distention, borborygmus, diarrhea, and pain in the lumbar and hypochondrium.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB26 Daimai llll<!li(OIQ!l ) I Girdle Channel I

NATURE Intersection point with Dai.
LOCATION Directly below the free end of the eleventh rib, level with the umbilicus.
ACTIONS Resolves Damp Heat, regulates the Girdle (Dai) Channel, and regulates the Uterus.
Irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, leukorrhea, abdominal pain, hernia, and pain in t he lumbar area and
INDICATIONS
hypochond ri um.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB27 Wushu li~(2~) I Five Pivots I

NATURE Intersection point with Dai.
On t he lateral side of the abdomen, anterior to t he superior iliac spine, 3 cun below t he level of the umbilicus. Use
LOCATION
the regional proportiona l measurement to determine 3 cun.
ACTIONS Regulates t he Girdling vessel, regulates the lower j iao and transforms stagnation.
INDICATIONS leukorrhea, lower abdomina l pain, lumbar pain, hernia, constipation.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB28 Weidao *Ut( ~S::.ll Maintaining the Way I

NATURE Intersection point with Da i.
LOCATION Anterior and inferior to the anterior superior iliac spine, 0.5 cu n ant erior and inferior to GB27 (Wush u).
ACTIONS Regu lates the Girdling vessel, regu lates the lower jiao and transforms st agnation .
INDICATIONS leukorrhea, lower abdom inal pain, hernia, and uterine prolapse.
TECHNIQUE Perpend icular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is appl icable.

Point Therapeutics I Compre hensive Cha rts

 ACUPUNCTURE 235

GB29 Juliao !i!i~ ! Jifi l I Stationary Crevice I

NATURE Intersection point w ith Yang Qiao.
lOCATION In the depression midway betwee n t he anterior superior iliac spine and the greater trochanter of the femur.
ACTIONS Removes Obst ructions from the Channel.
INDICATIONS Pai n and numbness in the thigh and lumbar region, para lysis, and muscular atrophy of the lower limbs.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB30 Huantiao l.lUt( ~S::) I Jumping Circle I

NATURE Crossing point with UB channel.
At t he junct ion of t he latera l 1/3 and t he medial 2/3s of t he distance from t he greater trochanter of the femur to the
lOCATION
hiatus of th e sacru m (Yaoshu, DU2).
ACTIONS Ton if ies Qi and Blood, resolves Damp Heat, and removes Obstructions from t he Chan nel.
INDICATIONS Pa in in t he lumbar region and thigh, muscular atrophy of t he lower limbs, and hemiplegia.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 1.5-2.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB31 Fengshi il.m (~Ail 1 Wind Market I

7 cun above the transverse poplitea l crease on the midline of the lateral side of the thigh, where the t ip of the
lOCATION
middle fi nger touches w hen the patient is standing erect with the hands close to the sides.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, relaxes t he sinews and muscles, relieves itching, and strengthens t he Bones.
INDICATIONS Pai n and soreness in t he thigh and lumbar region, para lysis of the lower limbs, beriberi, and general pruritus.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.7-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB32 Zhongdu cp)Jt( g~) I Middle Ditch I

On the lat eral side of t he t high 5 cun above the transverse popliteal crease, between the vastus lateralis and biceps
lOCATION
femoris muscles.
ACTIONS Expels w ind, damp and cold, activates t he channel and alleviates pain.
INDICATIONS Pain and soreness of the thigh and knee, numbness and weakness of the lower limbs, and hemiplegia.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.7-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB33 Xiyangguan ~~~~ ! ~~t!-l I Knee Yang Gate I

On t he lat eral side of t he t high, in t he depression superior and posterior to t he lat eral condyle of t he f emur, between
lOCATION
t he tendon of the biceps femoris muscle and the femur.
ACTIONS Relaxes the sinews and benefits the joints, dispel Wind-Damp.
INDICATIONS Swelling and pa in of t he knee, contracture of the tendons in t he popliteal fossa, and numbness of t he leg.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.5-1.0 cun.

GB34 Yanglingquan ~ I\Ul(~8Ci) I Yang Hill Spring I

NATURE He-Sea and Earth point, Influential point of the sinews.
lOCATION In t he depression anterior and inferior to the head of the fibu la.
Resolves Damp Heat, promotes the smooth flow of Liver Qi, removes Obstructions from the Channel, subdues rebellious
ACTIONS
Qi, and relaxes t he sinews and muscles.
Hemiplegia, weakness, numbness and pain of the lower extremities, swelling and pain of the knee, beriberi,
INDICATIONS
hypochondriac pain, bitter taste in the mouth, vomiting, jaundice, and infantile convulsion .
TECHNIQUE Perpend icular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB35 Yangjiao l!ix!~:iill 1 Yang Crossing I

NATURE Xi-Cleft point of Yang Wei, crossing point of the Foot three Yang Channels.
lOCATION 7 cun above t he tip of the lateral malleolus, on the posterior border of the fibu la.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel, relaxes the sinews and muscles, and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Fullness of the chest and hypochondrium, and muscular atrophy and paralysis of the leg.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB36 Waiqiu :ti-.fi:(2Filll Outer Mound I

NATURE Xi-Cleft point.
7 cun above t he tip of the lateral malleolus, on the anterior border of the fibu la. Use the regiona l proportional
lOCATION measurement (t he distance from t he tip of the latera l malleolus to the transverse popliteal crease is 16 cun) to
determine 7 cun.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Pain in the neck, chest, thigh and hypochondrium, and rabies.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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236 ACUPUNCTURE

GB37 Guangming 7tllll(illi~l I Brightness I

NATURE Luo-Connecting point.
5 cun directly above the tip of the lateral malleolus, on the anterior border of the fibula. Use the regional
LOCATION proportional measurement (the distance from the tip of the lateral malleolus to the transverse popliteal crease is 16
cun) to determine 5 cun.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, clears Heat, conducts Fire downward, and brightens the eyes.
Pain in the knee, muscular atrophy, motor impairment and pain of the lower extremities, blurred vision, ophthalmalgia,
INDICATIONS
night blindness, and distending pain in the breast.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.7-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB38 Yangfu II!Uil{~~ll Yang Aid I

NATURE Jing-River and Fire point.
4 cun above and slightly anterior to the tip of the lateral malleolus, on the anterior border of the fibula, between the
LOCATION extensor digitorum longus and peroneus brevis muscles. Use the regional proportional measurement (the distance from
the tip of the lateral malleolus to the transverse popliteal crease is 16 cun) to determine 4 cun.
ACTIONS Resolves Damp Heat, clears Heat, and subdues rising Liver Yang.
Migraine, pain of the outer canthus, pain in the axillary region, scrofula, lumbar pain, pain in the chest,
INDICATIONS
hypochondrium, and lateral side of the lower extremities, and malaria.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB39 Xuanzhong 11\ili(~ ~ >I Hanging Bell I

NATURE Influential point for Marrow.
3 cun above the tip of the lateral malleolus, in the depression between the posterior border of the fibula and the
LOCATION
tendon of m. peroneus longus.
ACTIONS Benefits Essence, Nourishes Marrow, and Eliminates Wind.
Apoplexy, hemiplegia, pain in the neck, abdominal distension, pain in the hypochondrium, muscular atrophy of the
INDICATIONS
lower limbs, spastic pain in the leg, and beriberi.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB40 Qinxu .tt.1!i(::rtotl I Mound Ruins I

NATURE Yuan-Source point.
Anterior and inferior to the lateral malleolus, in the depression on the lateral side of the tendon of m. extensor
LOCATION
digitorum longus.
ACTIONS Promotes the smooth flow of Liver Qi.
Pain in the neck, swelling in the axillary region, pain in the hypochondrium, vomiting, acid regurgitation, muscular
INDICATIONS
atrophy of the lower limbs, pain and swelling of the lateral malleolus, and malaria.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

0841 Zulinqi .lf.fi£J1L(ii!'igjt\§) I Falling Tears on the Foot I

NATURE Shu-Stream and Wood point, Opening point of Dai.
In the depression distal to the junction of the fourth and fifth metatarsal bones, on the lateral side of the tendon of
LOCATION
m. extensor digitorum longus.
ACTIONS Resolves Damp Heat, promotes the smooth flow of Liver Qi, and regulates the Girdle (Dai) Channel.
Headache, vertigo, pain in the outer canthus, scrofula, pain in the hypochondrium, distending pain in the breast,
INDICATIONS
irregular menstruation, pain and swelling of the dorsum of the foot, and spastic pain in the foot and toe.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

GB4a Diwuhui Jl!ln*!IIS?.~J I Earth Fifth Meeting I

LOCATION Between the fourth and fifth metatarsal bones, on the medial side of the tendon of m. extensor digitorum longus.
ACTIONS Spreads Liver qi, clears Gall Bladder heat.
INDICATIONS Pain in the canthus, tinnitus, distending pain in the breast, and swelling and pain of the dorsum of the foot.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun.

GB43 Xiaxl ~fll(~JlllJ Stream Insertion I

NATURE Ying-Spring and Water point.
LOCATION On the dorsum of the foot, between the fourth and fifth toe, 0.5 cun proximal to the margin of the web.
ACTIONS Resolves Damp Heat, benefits the ears, and subdues rising Liver Yang.
Headache, dizziness and vertigo, pain in the outer canthus, tinnitus, deafness, swelling of the cheek, pain in the
INDICATIONS
hypochondrium, distending pain in the breast, and febrile diseases.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 237

GB44 Zuqiaoyin JHH!(~T/-§)1 Foot Orifice Yin I

NATURE Jing-Well and Metal point.
LOCATION On the lateral side of the fourth toe, about 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of the nail.
ACTIONS Subdues rising Liver Yang, benefits the eyes, and ca lms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Migraine, deafness, tinnitus, ophthalmalgia, dream-disturbed sleep, and febrile diseases.
TECHNIQUE Superficial insertion, 0.1 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

LV CHANNEL OF FOOT-JUEYIN

LV1 Dadun :;!::fJl.(Cll§)j Big Thick I

NATURE Jing-Well and Wood point.
On the lateral side of the dorsum of the terminal phalanx of the great toe, between the lateral corner of the nail and
LOCATION
the interphalangeal joint.
ACTIONS Resolves Damp Heat, promotes the smooth flow of Liver Qi, regulates menstruation, and restores consciousness.
INDICATIONS Hernia, enuresis, uterine bleeding, uterine prolapse, and epilepsy.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.1-0.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LV2 Xingjian rrr., ! ~i:!'l 1 Temporary In Between I

NATURE Ying-Spring, Fire point.
LOCATION On the dorsum of the foot between the first and seco nd toe, proximal to the margin of the web.
ACTIONS Subdues Interior Wind, subdues rising Liver Yang, clea rs Liver Fire, and cools Blood.
Pain in the hypochondrium, abdominal distension, headache, dizziness and vertigo, swelling and pain of eye, deviation of
INDICATIONS
mouth, hernia, painful urination, urinary retention, irregular menstruation, epi lepsy, insomnia, and convulsion.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LV3 Taichong ::kiti!Eil8l I Greater Rushing I

NATURE Shu-Stream, Yuan-Source and Earth point.
LOCATION On the dorsum of the foot, in the depression distal to the junction of the f irst and second metatarsal bones.
ACTIONS Expels Interior Wind, subdues rising Liver Yang, promotes the smooth f low of Liver Qi, calms spasms, and calms Mind.
Headache, dizziness and vertigo, insomnia, congestion, swelling and pain of the eye, depression, infantile convulsion,
INDICATIONS deviation of the mouth, pain in the hypochondrium, uterine bleeding, hernia, enuresis, retention of urine, epilepsy, and
pain in the anterior aspect of the med ial malleolus.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

LV4 Zhongfeng 'l'li(3~)1 Middle Seal I

NATURE Jing-River and Metal point.
1 cun anterior to the med ial malleolus, midway between SPS (Shangqiu) and ST41 (Jiexi), in t he depression on the
LOCATION
medial side of the t endon of t ibialis anterior.
ACTIONS Promotes the smooth flow of Liver Qi in the Lower Burner.
INDICATIONS Hern ia, pain in the external genitalia, nocturnal emission, retention of urine, and distending pain in the hypochondrium.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LVS Ligou f;;~ ( OFil) I Gourd Ditch I

NATURE Luo-Connecting point.
5 cun above the t ip of the medial malleolus, on the medial side of the tibia, nea r the medial border. Remembering
LOCATION that the distance from t he medial malleolus to the inferior border of the medial condyle of the t ibia is 13 cu n, move
5 cun superior to the medial malleolus to locate the level of LVS.
ACTIONS Resolves Damp Heat and promotes the smooth flow of Liver Qi.
Retention of urine, enuresis, hernia, irregular menstruation, leukorrhea, prurit us vulvae, and weakness and atrophy of
INDICATIONS
the leg.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applica ble.

LV6 Zhongdu 'l'WB(3S::) I Middle Capital I

NATURE Xi-Cleft point.
LOCATION 7 cun above t he t ip of t he medial malleolus, on the medial side and near the medial border of the tibia.
ACTIONS Removes Obstructions from the Channel, promotes the smooth flow of Liver Qi, and stops pain.
INDICATIONS Abdom inal pain, hypochondriac pain, diarrhea, hernia, uterine bleeding, and prolonged lochia.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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LV7 Xiguan JIU~(~~ll Knee Gate I

Posterior and inferior to the medial condyle of the tibia, in the upper portion of the medial head of the gastrocnemius
LOCATION muscle, 1 cun posterior to SP9 (Yinlingquan, located at the lower border of the medial condyle of the tibia, in the
depression on the medial border of the tibia).
ACTIONS Dispels wind-damp, benefits the knee and relaxes the sinews.
INDICATIONS Pain of the knee.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LV8 Ququan rlll~(~~ll Spring and Bend I

NATURE He-Sea, Water point.
When knee is flexed, the point is found in the depression above the medial end of the transverse popliteal crease,
LOCATION posterior to the medial epicondyle of the femur, on the anterior part of the insertion of m. semimembranosus and m.
semitendinosus.
Nourishes Liver Blood, benefits the Bladder, resolves Dampness from the Lower Burner, and relaxes the sinews and
ACTIONS
muscles.
Uterine prolapse, lower abdominal pain, retention of urine, nocturnal emission, pain in the external genitalia, pruritus
INDICATIONS
vulvae, and pain in the medial sides of the knee and thigh.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LV9 Yinbao 1!!-el.(~.!l)l Yin W rapping I

LOCATION 4 cun above the medial epicondyle of the femur, between the vastus medialis and sartorius muscles.
ACTIONS Adjusts menstruat ion and regulates the lower jiao.
INDICATIONS Pain in the lumbosacral region, lower abdominal pain, enuresis, retention of urine, and irregular menstruation.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LV10 Zuwuli .:E:Ii~(~22./) I Five M easures on the Foot I

3 cun directly below ST30 (Qichong, located level with the symphysis pubis, 2 cun lateral to the midline). on the lateral
LOCATION
border of m. abductor longus.
ACTIONS Clears Damp-Heat and benefits the lower jiao.
INDICATIONS Lower abdomina l distention and fullness, and retention of urine.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LV11 Yinlian ~!!li(~~l I Yin Modest y I

2 cun directly below ST30 (Qichong, located level with the symphysis pubis, 2 cun lateral to the midline). on the lateral
LOCATION
border of m. abductor longus.
ACTIONS Benefits the uterus.
INDICATIONS Irregular menstruation, leukorrhea, lower abdominal pain, and pain in the thigh and leg.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LV12 Jimai ~lli(~~l I Urgent Channel I

Inferior and lateral to the pubic spine, 2.5 cun lateral to the midline, at the inguinal groove lateral and inferior to
LOCATION
ST30 (Qichong, located level with the symphysis pubis, 2 cun lateral to the midline).
ACTIONS Eliminates cold from the Liver channel and benefits the lower jiao.
INDICATIONS Lower abdominal pain, hernia, and pain in the external genitalia.
TECHNIQUE No needle. Moxibustion is applicable.

LV13 Zhangmen ~r1(~li'l 1 Chapter Gate I

NATURE Front-Mu point of SP, Influential point of Zang organs.
LOCATION On the lateral side of the abdomen, right below the free end of the eleventh floating rib.
ACTIONS Strengthens the Spleen and Stomach, promotes the smooth flow of Liver Qi, and relieves food retention.
INDICATIONS Abdominal distention, borborygmus, pain in the hypochondrium, vomiting, diarrhea, and indigestion.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LV14 Qimen Mr1(Jili'l 1 Cyclic Gate I

NATURE Front-Mu point of LV, Crossing point with SP channel and Yin Wei .
LOCATION Directly below the nipple, in the sixth intercostal space.
ACTIONS Strengthens the Stomach, cools Blood, and promotes the smooth flow of Liver Qi.
INDICATIONS Hypochondriac pain, abdominal distention, hiccup, acid regurgitation, mastitis, depression, and febrile diseases.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 239

DU (GOVERNING CHANNEL)

DU1 Changqiang :!Bj(2J"~)j Long Strength I

NATURE Luo-Connecting point of DU.
On the midline of the perineum, midway between the tip of the coccyx and the anus, found with the patient lying
LOCATION
prone.
ACTIONS Regulates the Du and Ren Channels, resolves Damp Heat, and calms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Diarrhea, bloody stools, hemorrhoids, rectal prolapse, constipation, pain in the lower back, and epilepsy.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

DU2 Yaoshu Jllh\lt( H~) I Transporting Point of the Lower Back I

LOCATION On the midline, in the hiatus of the sacrum.
ACTIONS Expels Int erior Wind, strengthens the lower back, and ca lms spasms and convulsions.
Irregular menstruation, pain and stiffness of the lower back, hemorrhoids, muscular atrophy of the lower extremities,
INDICATIONS
and epilepsy.
TECHNIQUE Upward oblique insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

DU3 Yaoyangguan IIJ~~! ( H g/~) I Lumber Yang Gate I

On the midline, below the spinous process of the fourth lumbar vertebra, at approximately the same level as the iliac
LOCATION
crest.
ACTIONS Tonifies Yang, and strengthens the lower back and legs.
Irregular menstruation, nocturnal emission, impotence, pain in the lumbosacral region, muscular atrophy, motor
INDICATIONS
impairment, and numbness and pain of the lower extremities.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

DU4 Mingmen ;?r;r,(2l§)j Gate of Life I

LOCATION On the midline, below the spinous process of the second lumbar vertebra.
ACTIONS Expels Cold, tonifies Kidney Yang, nourishes Yuan Qi, warms Mingmen, strengthens the lower back, and benefits Jing.
INDICATIONS Stiffness of the back, lumbago, impotence, nocturnal emission, irregular menstruation, diarrhea, indigestion, leukorrhea.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicula r insert ion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable

DUS Xuanshu !lhl\iJ;(~9-l I Suspended Axis I

LOCATION On the midline, below the spinous process of the first lumbar vertebra .
ACTIONS Benefits the lumbar spine, benefits the lower jiao.
INDICATIONS Pain and stiffness of the lower back, diarrhea, and indigestion.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

DU6 Jizhong ~<P(~3ll Middle of Spine I

LOCATION On the midline, below the spinous process of the eleventh thoracic vertebra.
ACTIONS Fortifies the Spleen and drains Damp, benefits the spine.
INDICATIONS Pain in the epigastric region, diarrhea, jaundice, epilepsy, and stiffness and pain of the back.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun.

DU7 Zhongshu <P~(3 9 ll Middle Axis I

LOCATION On the midline, below the spinous process of the tenth thoracic vertebra.
ACTIONS Benefits the spine, benefits the middle jiao.
INDICATIONS Pain in the epigastric region, lower back pain, and stiffness of the back
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

DUB Jinsuo 10i*ii!( 2~ l I Tendon Spasm I

LOCATION On the midline, below the spinous process of the ninth thoracic vertebra .
ACTIONS Expels Interior Wind and relaxes the sinews.
INDICATIONS Epilepsy, stiffness of the back, and gastric pain.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

DU9 Zhiyang ~IIJil(J:Ig/) I Reaching Yang I

On the midline, below the spinous process of the seventh thoracic vertebra, approximately level with the inferior angle
LOCATION
of the scapula.
ACTIONS Resolves Damp Heat, regulates the Liver and Gall Bladder, moves Qi, and opens the chest and diaphragm.
INDICATIONS Jaundice, cough, asthma, stiffness of the back, and pain in the chest and back.
TECHNIQUE Upward oblique insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

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240 ACUPUNCTURE

DU10 Ungtai Spirit ~latfclrm I

LOCATION On the midline, below the spinous process of the sixth thoracic vertebra.
ACTIONS Alleviates cough and wheezing, clears heat and detoxifies poison.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, furuncles, back pain, and neck rigidity.
TECHNIQUE Upward oblique insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

DU11 Shendao Mind Way I

LOCATION On the midline, below the spinous process of the fifth thoracic vertebra.
ACTIONS Regulates the Heart and calms the Mind.
Poor memory, anxiety, palpitation, pain and stiffness of the back, cough, and cardiac pain.
TECHNIQUE Upward oblique insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

DU12 SheNhu Body Pillar I

LOCATION On the midline, below the spinous process of the third thoracic vertebra.
ACTIONS Subdues Internal Wind, calms spasms, tonifies Lung Qi, and strengthens the body.
INDICATIONS Cough, asthma, epilepsy, pain and stiffness of the back, and furuncles.
TECHNIQUE Upward oblique insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

DU13 Taodao Kiln Way I

NATURE Crossing point with UB Channel.
LOCATION On the midline, below the spinous process of the first thoracic vertebra.
ACTIONS Clears Heat, releases the Exterior, and regulates the Lesser Yang Channels.
INOICATIONS Stiffness of the back, headache, malaria, and febrile diseases.
TECHJIIIQUE Upward oblique insertion, O.S-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

DU14 I> Oazhul ·. :*:~(Cll>?ll Big Vertebra

NATURE Meeting point of the 7 Yang Meridians.
LOCATION On the midline, below the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra, approximately level with the shoulders.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, clears Heat, releases the Exterior, regulates the Nutritive and Defensive Qi, clears Mind, and tonifies Yang.
INDICATIONS Neck pain and rigidity, malaria, febrile diseases, epilepsy, afternoon fever, cough, asthma, common cold, back stiffness.
TECHNIQUE Upward oblique insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

DU15 Yamen Mute Gate I

NATURE Intersection point with the Yang Linking (Yang Wei) Channel.
LOCATION 0.5 cun directly above the posterior hairline, in the depression below the spinous process of the first cervical vertebra.
ACTIONS Clears the Mind and stimulates speech.
Mental disorders, epilepsy, deafness and mutism, sudden hoarseness of voice, apoplexy, stiffness of the tongue and
INDICATIONS
aphasia, occipital headache, and neck rigidity.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Neither upward Oblique insertion nor deep insertion is advisable.

DU16 Fengfu Wind Palace I

NATURE Intersection point with the Yang Linking (Yang Wei) Channel and point of the Sea of Marrow.
On the midline, 1 cun directly above the posterior hairline, directly below the external occipital protuberance, in the
LOCATION
depression between the trapezius muscles of both sides.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, clears the Mind, and benefits the brain.
INDICATIONS Headache, neck rigidity, blurring of vision, epistaxis, sore throat, post-apoplexy aphasia, hemiplegia, mental disorders.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Deep insertion is not advisable.

DU17 Naohu Brain Window I

NATURE Meeting point with the Bladder Channel.
LOCATION On the midline of the head, 1.5 cun directly above DU16 (Fengfu), superior to the external occipital protuberance.
ACTIONS Expels Wind, benefits the brain, and clears the Mind.
INDICATIONS Epilepsy, dizziness, and pain and stiffness of the neck.
TECHNIQUI!! Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

DU18 T Qiangjlan ~llll(~~.f) I Between Strength I

On the midline of the head, 1.5 cun directly above DU17 (Naohu), midway between DU16 (Fengfu) and DU20 (Baihui).
Pacifies wind and alleviates pain, calms the spirit.
Headache, neck rigidity, blurred vision, and mania.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 241

DU19 Houding fifll( ~ ~l I Posterior Vertex l

LOCATION On the midline of the head, 1.5 cun directly above DU18 (Qiangjian).
ACTIONS Calms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Headache, vertigo, mania, and epilepsy.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

DU20 Baihui eiii(~ ~ l l Hundred Meetings l

NATURE Meeting point of all t he Yang Channels, point of the Sea of Marrow.
LOCATION Directly above t he apexes of the two auricles, approximately 7 cun directly above the post erior hairline.
ACTIONS Expels Interior Wind, tonifies Yang, Raise Spleen Yang Qi, clears the M ind, lifts the spirit, and promotes resuscitation.
INDICATIONS Headache, vert igo, t innitus, nasal obstruction, aphasia by apoplexy, coma, mental disorders, uterine and rectal prolapse.
Subcut aneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable. CAUTION: This point is dangerous to use on infants
TECHNIQUE
whose fontanels have not closed and on individuals with hydrocephalus.

DU21 Qianding llflfll(~~l l Anterior Vertex I

LOCATION On the midline of t he head, 1.5 cun anterior to DU20 (Baihui).
ACTIONS Eliminates wi nd and treats convulsions, benefits the head.
INDICATIONS Epilepsy, dizziness, blurred vision, vertical headache, and rhinorrhea.
Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable. CAUTION: This point is dangerous to use on infant s
TECHNIQUE
whose fontanels have not closed and on individuals with hydrocephalus.

DU22 Xinhuui ~- ( t! ~ l I Fontanel M eet ing I

LOCATION On the midline, 2 cun posterior to the anterior hairline, 3 cun anterior t o DU20 (Baihui).
ACTIONS Benefits the nose, eliminates wind and benefits the head.
INDICATIONS Headache, blurred vision, rhinorrhea, and infantile convulsion.
Subcutaneous insertion, 0. 3-0.5 cun . Moxibustion is applicable. CAUTION : This point is dangerous to use on infants
TECHNIQUE
whose font anels have not closed and on individuals with hydrocephalus.

DU23 Shangxing _.c~ ( 2t{g J I Upper Star l

LOCATION On the midline, 1 cun above the anterior hairlin e.
ACTIONS Opens the nose, clears the nasal cavity, and disperses Wind Heat.
INDICATIONS Headache, ophthalmalgia, epist axis, rhinorrhea, and mental disorders.
Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun or prick to cause bleeding. M oxibustion is applicable. CAUTION : This point is
TECHNIQUE
dangerous to use on infants whose fontanels have not closed and on individuals with hydrocephalus.

DU24 Shenting ~• ilf(t!~ l I Mind Courtyard I

NATURE Crossing point with ST, UB channels.
LOCATION On the midline, 0.5 cun post erior t o the anterior hairline.
ACTIONS Ca lms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Epilepsy, anxiety, palpitat ion, insomnia, headache, vertigo, and rhinorrhea.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun, or prick to cause bleeding. M oxibustion is applica ble.

DU25 Suliao ~~(:::::fi ll Plain Seam I

LOCATION On the tip of the nose.
ACTIONS Raises the Yang to the head, restores Qi, clears the senses, and clears Heat.
INDICATIONS Loss of consciousness, nasa l obstruction, epist axis, rhinorrhea, and rosacea.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.2-0.3 cun, or prick to ca use bleeding.

DU26 Renzhong 7J<.iJi(=?'T'l I Water Trough I

NATURE Crossing point with Ll, ST channels.
LOCATION On the midline, at the junction of t he upper thi rd and middle t hird of t he philtrum .
ACTIONS Clears Heat, clears t he senses, benefits the lumbar spine, calms the Mind, and promotes resuscit ation.
M ental disorders, epilepsy, hysteria, infantile convulsion, coma, apoplexy, trismus, deviation of t he mouth and eyes,
INDICATIONS
puffiness of the face, and pa in and stiffness of t he lower back.
TECHNIQUE Upward oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun.

DU27 Duiduan )ttJ\i(EH8) I Exchange Terminus I

LOCATION On the midline, at the border of the skin and upper lip.
ACTIONS Clears heat , generates fluid and benefits the mouth, ca lms the spirit.
INDICATIONS M ental disorders, lip twitching, lip stiffness, and pain and swelling of t he gums.
TECHNIQUE Upward oblique insertion, 0.2-0.3 cun.

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242 ACUPUNCTURE

DU28 Yinjiao IH31:(g ill)] Gum's Junction I

NATURE Crossing point with Ren.
LOCATION At the junction of the upper gum and the frenulum of the upper lip.
ACTIONS Clear heat and benefits the gums, benefits the nose and eyes.
INDICATIONS Mental disorders, pain and swel ling of the gums, and rhinorrhea.
TECHNIQUE Upward oblique insertion, 0.1-0.2 cun, or prick to cause bleeding.

REN (DIRECTING CHANNEL)

RN1 Huiyin -~(~@)I Meeting of Yin I
NATURE Crossing point of Ren, Du and Chong.
On the midline, between the anus and the root of the scrotum in males, and between the anus and the posterior
LOCATION
labial commissure in females.
ACTIONS Resolves Damp Heat, nourishes the Yin and Essence, and promotes resuscitation.
INDICATIONS Vaginitis, retention of urine, hemorrhoids, nocturnal emission, enuresis, irregular menstruation, and mental disorders.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

RN2 Qugu llll~(~ili'll Crooked Bone I

LOCATION On the midline, at the upper border of the symphysis pubis.
ACTIONS Benefits urination, regulates the lower jiao, warms and invigorates the Kidneys.
Retention and dribbling of urine, enuresis, nocturnal emission, impotence, morbid leukorrhea, irregular menstruation,
INDICATIONS
dysmenorrhea, and hernia.
Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Great care should be taken when puncturing the points from RN2 (Qugu) to RN13
TECHNIQUE
(Shangwan) in pregnant women. Moxibustion is applicable

RN3 Zhongji <t>ti(~;;;l I Middle Extremity I

NATURE Front-collecting (Front-Mu) point of the Bladder and Meeting point with the SP, LV, and KD Channels.
LOCATION On the midline of the abdomen, 4 cun below the umbilicus.
ACTIONS Clears Heat, resolves Damp Heat, and promotes Bladder function of transforming Qi.
Enuresis, nocturnal emission, impotence, hernia, uterine bleeding, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, morbid
INDICATIONS
leukorrhea, frequency of urination, retention of urine, pain in the lower abdomen, uterine prolapse, and vaginitis.
Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable. Great care shou ld be taken when puncturing the points
TECHNIQUE
from RN2 (Qugu) to RN13 (Shangwan) in pregnant women.

RN4 Guanyuan ~~J"C~~~l I Gate of the Original Qi I

NATURE Front-collecting (Front-Mu) point of the Small Intestine and meeting point with the Spleen, Liver, and Kidney Channels.
LOCATION On the midline of the abdomen, 3 cun below the umbilicus.
Nourishes Yin and Blood, strengthens Yang, benefits Original Qi, tonifies the Kidneys, regulates the Uterus, calms the
ACTIONS
Mind, and roots the Ethereal Soul.
Enuresis, nocturnal emission, frequent urination, retention of urine, hernia, irregular menstruation, morbid leukorrhea,
INDICATIONS dysmenorrhea, uterine bleeding, postpartum hemorrhage, lower abdominal pain, indigestion, diarrhea, prolapse of
rectum, and flaccid type of apoplexy.
Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. This is one of the major points for tonification. Moxibustion is applicable. Great
TECHNIQUE
care should be taken when puncturing the points from RN2 (Qugu) to RN13 (Shangwan) in pregnant women.

RNS Shimen :tlF,(~§) I Stone Door I

NATURE Front-collecting (Front-Mu) point of the San Jiao.
LOCATION On the midline of the abdomen, 2 cun below the umbilicus.
ACTIONS Strengthens Original Qi, opens Water passages, and promotes the transformation and excretion of Flui ds in Lower Jiao.
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, edema, hernia, anuria, enuresis, amenorrhea, morbid leukorrhea, uterine bleeding, and
INDICATIONS
postpartum hemorrhage.
Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable. Great care should be taken when puncturing the points
TECHNIQUE
from RN2 (Qugu) to RN13 (Shangwan) in pregnant women.

RN6 Qihai \ilt~(JI5H) I Sea of Qi I

LOCATION On the midline of the abdomen, 1.5 cun below the umbilicus.
ACTIONS Tonifies Qi and Yang, regulates Qi, strengthens the Original Qi, and resolves Dampness.
Abdominal pain, enuresis, nocturnal emission, impotence, hernia, edema, diarrhea, dysentery, uterine bleeding, irregular
INDICATIONS menstruation, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, morbid leukorrhea, postpartum hemorrhage, constipation, flaccid type of
apoplexy, and asthma.
Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.0 cun. This is one of the important points for tonification. Moxibustion is applicable.
TECHNIQUE
Great care shou ld be taken when puncturing the points from RN2 (Qugu) to RN13 (Shangwan) in pregnant women.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 243

RN7 Yinjiao i!!3i:(<3 iill I Yin Crossing I

NATURE Intersection point with the Penetrating Channel.
LOCATION On the midline of the abdomen, 1 cun below the umbilicus.
ACTIONS Nourishes Yin and regulates the Uterus.
Abdomina l distention, edema, hernia, irregular menstruation, uterine bleeding, morbid leukorrhea, pruritus vulvae,
INDICATIONS
postpartum hemorrhage, and abdominal pain around the umbilicus.
Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable. Great care should be taken when puncturing the points
TECHNIQUE
f rom RN2 (Qugu) to RN13 (Shangwan) in pregnant women.

RN8 Shenque ii$1M(c.!~l I M ind Palace I

LOCATION In the center of the umbilicus.
ACTIONS Tonifies t he Original Qi, strengthens the Spleen, and rescues Yang.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pain, borborygmus, flaccid type of apoplexy, prolapse of rectum, and unchecked diarrhea.
TECHNIQUE Puncture is proh ibited. Moxibustion is applicable.

RN9 Shuifen *~(*~ll Water Separation I

LOCATION On the midline of the abdomen, 1 cun above the umbilicus.
ACTIONS Controls the Water passages and promotes the transformation of Fluids.
INDICATIONS Abdominal pain, borborygmus, edema, retention of urine, and diarrhea.
Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun . Moxibustion is applicable. Great care shou ld be taken when puncturing the points
TECHNIQUE
from RN2 (Qugu) to RN13 (Shangwan) in pregnant women.

RN10 Xiawan TJIIW>f.gr) I Lower Epigastrium I

NATURE Meet ing point with the Spleen Channel.
LOCATION On the midline of the abdomen, 2 cun above the umbilicus.
ACTIONS Tonifies the Spleen, relieves food stagnation, and promotes the descending of Stomach Qi.
INDICATIONS Epigastric pain, abdominal pain, borborygmus, indigestion, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable. Great care should be taken when puncturing the points
TECHNIQUE
from RN2 (Qugu) to RN13 (Shangwan) in pregnant women.

RN11 Jianli ~~(~2.1)1 Interior Strengthening I

LOCATION On the midline of t he abdomen, 3 cun above the umbilicus.
ACTIONS Stimulat es the descending of Stomach Qi and promotes the rotting and ripening of the contents of t he Stomach.
INDICATIONS Stomachache, vomiting, abdominal distention, borborygmus, edema, and anorexia.
Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable. Great care should be taken when puncturing the points
TECHNIQUE
from RN2 (Qugu) to RN13 (Shangwan) in pregnant women.

RN12 Zhongwan <f>McU~.grl I Middle of Epigastrium I

NATURE Front-collecting (Front-Mu) point of the Stomach, Gathering point for Fu Organs, Crossing point with ST and 51 channels.
LOCATION On the midline of the abdomen, 4 cun above the umbilicus, midway between the umbilicus and the sternocostal angle.
ACTIONS Regu lates Stomach Qi, tonifies the Stomach and Spleen, and resolves Dampness.
Stomachache, abdominal distention, borborygmus, nausea, vomiting, acid regurgitation, diarrhea, dysentery, jaundice,
INDICATIONS
indigestion, and insomnia.
Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable. Great care shou ld be taken when puncturing the points
TECHNIQUE
from RN2 (Qugu) to RN13 (Shangwan) in pregnant women.

RN13 Shangwan J:.Mc( ~.grl I Upper Epigastrium I

NATURE Crossing point with ST and 51 channels.
LOCATION On the midline of the abdomen, 5 cun above the umbilicus.
ACTIONS Subdues rebellious Stomach Qi.
INDICATIONS Stomachache, abdominal distention, nausea, vomiting, epi lepsy, and insomnia.
Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable. Great care should be taken when puncturing the points
TECHNIQUE
from RN2 (Qugu) to RN13 (Shangwan) in pregnant women.

RN14 Juque eiii(Ji~l 1 Great Palace I

NATURE Front-collecting (Front-Mu) point of the Heart.
LOCATION On the midline of the abdomen, 6 cun above the umbilicus.
ACTIONS Clears the Heart, subdues rebellious Stomach Qi, and ca lms the Mind.
INDICATIONS cardiac or chest pain, nausea, acid regurgitation, difficulty in swallowing, vomiting, mental disorders, epilepsy, palpit ation.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicu lar insertion, 0.3-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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244 ACUPUNCTURE

RN11 Jlnwel eov. Tall

NATURE Luo-Connecting point.
LOCATION On the midline, below the xiphoid process, 7 cun above the umbilicus.
ACTIONS Benefits the Original Qi and calms the Mind.
INDICATIONS Pain in the cardiac region and chest, nausea, mental disorders, and epilepsy.

Middl!! H!illl
level with the fifth intercostal space.
Unbinds the chest, regulates the Stomach and descends rebellion.
Distension and fullness in the chest and intercostal region, hiccup, nausea, and anorexia.
Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

LOCATION On the anterior midline, level with the fourth intercostal space, midway between the nipples.
ACTIONS Regulates and tonifies Qi, disperses chest fullness, clears Lungs, resolves Phlegm, benefits the diaphragm and breasts.
INDICATIONS Asthma, pain in the chest, fullness in the chest, palpitation, insufficient lactation, hiccup, and difficulty in swallowing.

in the suprasternal

along

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 ACUPUNCTURE 245

RN24 Chengjian :iit!ll!(§~l I Saliva Receiver I

NATURE Crossing point with ST channel.
LOCATION On the midline, in the depression at the center of the mentolabial groove.
ACTIONS Expels Exterior Wind.
INDICATIONS Facial puffiness, swel ling of the gums, toothache, salivation, mental disorders, and deviation of the eyes and mouth.
TECHNIQUE Upward oblique insertion, 0.2-0.3 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

40 EXTRAORDINARY POINTS
1.TAIYANG *~(EJlg/) I Greater Yang J
LOCATION In the depression about 1 cun posterior to the midpoint between the lateral end of the eyebrow and outer canthus.
INDICATIONS Headache, eye diseases, and deviation of the eyes and mouth.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular inse rtion, 0.3-0.5 cun, or prick to cause bleeding.

2. YIN TANG ~D :i: ( 2J ~ ) I Seal Hall J

LOCATION On the midline, between the medial ends of the eyebrows.
INDICATIONS Headache, head heaviness, epistaxis, rhinorrhea, infantile convulsion, frontal headache, and insomnia.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

3. SHANG LIAN QUAN J:.!IH~(~gJ ~) I Upper Spring Border J

On the midline, 1 cun posterior to the posterior border of the lower jaw, in the depression betw een the hyoid bone
LOCATION
and the post erior border of the jaw.
INDICATIONS Alalia, salivation with stiff tongue, sore throat, difficulty in swallowing, and loss of voice.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion of 0.8-1.2 cun towa rd the t ongue root.

4. ER JIAN Ij:*(Oiel) J Apex of Ear J

LOCATION At the apex of the auricle. Fold the auricle in half to reveal the location of the apex.
INDICATIONS Redness, swelling and pain of the eyes, febrile disease, and nebula.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.1-0.2 cun, or prick to cause bleeding. Moxibustion is applicable.

5. YU YAO ~Jl! ( Oi £!.) I Fish Spine j

LOCATION In the middle of the eyebrow.
Pain in the supraorbita l region, twitching of the eyelids, prolapse of the eyelids, cloudiness of the cornea, redness, and
INDICATIONS
swelling and pain of the eyes.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun.

6. Sl SHEN CONG ll9 ~·~( Aft!~ ) I Mind Hearing l

LOCATION A group of 4 points at the vertex, 1 cun posterior, anterior, and bilateral to DU20 (Baihui).
INDICATIONS Headache, vertigo, insomnia, poor memory, and epilepsy.
TECHNIQUE Subcutaneous insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applica ble.

7. QIU HUO fi,tfJt ( =?~ ) I Behind the Ball I

LOCATION At the inferior border of the orbit, about a fourth of the distance from the latera l to the medial side of the orbit.
INDICATIONS Eye diseases.
While having the patient close his eyes, gently push the eyeba ll upward then slowly insert the needle, 0.5-1.2 cun
TECHNIQUE
perpendicularly along the orbital wall. It is not advisable to twist or lift and thrust the needle vigorously.

8. JIA CHENG JIANG ~71-dll! ( ~§~) I Along Saliva Receiver l

LOCATION 1 cun lat eral to RN24 (Chengjiang, located in the center of the mentolabial groove).
INDICATIONS Pain in the face, deviation of the eyes and mouth, and spasm of facial muscles.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun.

9. JIN JIN & YU YE ~;;tt::tt!ll: ( i5~~~ l I Gold Fluid and Jade Fluid l
LOCATION On the veins on both sides of the frenulum of the tongue. Jinjin is on the left and Yuye on the right.
INDICATIONS Swelling of the tongue, vomiting, and aphasia with stiffness of tongue.
TECHNIQUE Prick to cause bleeding.

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246 ACUPUNCTURE

10. Bl TONG -~(tll*l I Nose Passage I

LOCATION At the highest poi nt of t he nasolabial groove.
INDICATIONS Rhinitis, nasal obstruction, and nasal boils.
TECHNIQUE Upward subcutaneous insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun.

11. QIAN ZHENG ifi .iE( ~'ZJ) I Pull Uprightness I

LOCATION 0.5-1.0 cun anterior to the auricular lobe.
INDICATIONS Deviation of the eyes and mouth, and ul ceration of the tongue and mouth.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insert ion, 0.5-1.0 cun.

12. Yl MING ~IJ!l (Oll~) I Shielding Brightness I

LOCATION 1 cun posterior to SJ17 (Yifeng).
INDICATIONS Eye diseases, tinnitus, and insomnia.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular in se rtion, 0.5-0.8 cun.

13. AN MIAN ~0~(0\"l ) I Peaceful Sleep J

LOCATION Midway between SJ17 (Yifeng) and GB20 (Fengchi).
INDICATIONS Insomnia, vertigo, headache, palpitation, and mental disorders.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun.

14. DING CHUAN :if: II#;!(~~) I Stop Wheezing I

LOCATION 0.5 cun lateral to DU14 (Dazhui, inferior to the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra) .
INDICATIONS Asthma, co ugh, neck rigidity, pain in the shou lder and back, and rubella.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular in se rtion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

15. HUA TUO .JIA .JI "'ft?kf'i' ( ~ El ~ "!) I Hua Tou Back Filling Points I
A group of 34 points on both sides of the spi nal column. located 0.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower
LOCATION
borders of each spinous process from the first thoracic vertebra to the fifth lumbar vertebra.
INDICATIONS Diseases in the upper limbs, in the chest, in the abdomen, and in the lower limbs depending on the location of point.
Perpendicular insertion of 0.5-1.0 cun in the cervical and chest region, Perpendicular insertion of 1.0-1.5 cun in the
TECHNIQUE
lumbar region. Moxibustion is applicab le.

16. BAI LAO s~('l.!!Ei!.l I Hundred labors I

2 cun above DU14 (Dazhui, located on the midline, inferior to the spi nous process of the seve nth cervical vertebra), 1
LOCATION
cun lateral to the midline.
INDICATIONS Scrofula, cough, asthma, whooping cough, and neck rigidity.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

17. WEI GUAN XIA SHU ~~Tlltt ( 'fltt6t9) I Transporting Point Below Stomach I
LOCATION 1.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinous process of the eighth thoracic vertebra .
INDICATIONS Diabetes, vomiting, abdominal pain, and pain in the chest and hypochondrium.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.5-0.7 cun. Moxibustion is appl icabl e.

18. SHI Ql ZHUI +tmT(GJ~~ot) 1 Below the 17th Vertebra J

LOCATION Below the spinou s process of the fifth lumbar vertebra.
INDICATIONS Lumbar pain, thigh pain, paralysis of the lower extremities, irregular menstruation, and dysmeno rrhea .
TECHNIQUE Perpendi cular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

19. YAO Ql M!*(fDI) I Miscellaneous of the Lower Back I

LOCATION On the midline, 2 cun directly above the tip of the coccyx.
INDICATIONS Epilepsy, headache, insomnia, and constipation.
TECHNIQUE Upward subcuta neous insertion, 1.0-2.0 cun . Moxibustion is applicable.

20. PI GEN f.!i:f~(tll2) I Root of lump I

LOCATION 3.5 cun lateral to the midline, level with the lower border of the spinou s process of the first lumbar vertebra.
INDICATIONS Hepatosplenomegaly and lumbar pain.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

21. YAO YAN ~11&(.£1. £! ) I Eye of Waist I

LOCATION About 3.5 cun lateral to the midline, leve l with the lower border of the spinous process of the fourth lumbar vertebra.
INDICATIONS Lumbar pain, frequent urination, and irregular menstruation.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is app licable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 247

22. Zl GONG XUE T-~(Xf3) I Womb or Palace of Child I

LOCATION 3 cun lateral to RN3 (Zhongji, located on the midline of the abdomen, 4 cun below the umbilicus).
INDICATIONS Uterine prolapse and irregular menstruation.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

23. JIAN QIAN Jl!iilii(C!~) I Front of Shoulder or Inner Shoulder Mound I

LOCATION Midway between the end of the anterior axillary fold and LllS (Jianyu).
INDICATIONS Pain in the shoulder and arm, and paralysis of the upper extremities.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

24. SHI XUAN H!(~tll I Ten Declarations I

LOCATION On the tips of the ten fingers, about 0.1 cun distal to end of the nails.
INDICATIONS Apoplexy, coma, epilepsy, high fever, acute tonsillitis, infantile convulsion, and numbness of the fingertips.
TECHNIQUE Superficial insertion, 0.1-0.2 cun, or prick to cause bleeding.

25. 51 FENG II!l*i(Af*l I Four Seams I

On the palmar surface, at the midpoint of the transverse creases of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the index,
LOCATION
middle, ring, and little fingers.
INDICATIONS Malnutrition and indigestion syndrome in children, and whooping cough .
TECHNIQUE Prick to cause bleeding, or squeeze out a small amount of yellowish viscous Fluid locally.

26. ZHONG KUI $t!(§ :l!J) I Middle Eminence I

LOCATION On the dorsum of the hand, at the midpoint of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the middle finger.
INDICATIONS Nausea, vomiting, and hiccup.
TECHNIQUE Moxibustion is applied with three moxa cones.

27. BA XIE i\!IB(~Af) I Eight Pathogenic Factors I

LOCATION On the dorsum of the hand, between the fingers at the border of the light and dark skin of the hand webs.
INDICATIONS Excessive heat, finger numbness, spasm and contracture of the fingers, redness and swelling of t he dorsum of hand.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun, or prick to cause bleeding. Moxibustion is applicable.

28. LUO ZHEN ~tt(\:tel) I Falling from the Bed I

On the dorsum of the hand, between the second and third metacarpal bones, about 0.5 cun posterior to the
LOCATION
metacarpophalangeal joint.
INDICATIONS Sore neck and pain in the shoulder and arm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun.

29. YAO TONG XUE .!U'i'i'\(£~~) l Point of Lower Back Pain I

On the dorsum of the hand, midway between the transverse wrist crease and metacarpophalangeal joints, between the
LOCATION second and third metacarpal bones, and between the fourth and f ifth metacarpal bones, four points in all on both
hands.
INDICATIONS Acute lumbar sprain.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion of 0.5-1.0 cun toward the center of metacarpus from both sides.

30. ZHONG QUAN $ ~ ( §~ ) I Middle Spring I

LOCATION On the dorsal crease of the wrist, in the depression between Ll 5 (Yangxi) and SJ 4 (Yangchi).
INDICATIONS Stuffy chest, gastric pain, and spitting of blood.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. M oxibustion is applicable.

31. ER BAI -B (OI !l!i ) I Two Whites I

On the palmar aspect of t he forearm, 4 cun above the transverse wrist crease, on both sides of t he t endon of t he
LOCATION
fl exor carpi radialis muscle, two points on each arm.
INDICATIONS Hemorrhoids and prolapse of the rectum .
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

32. Bl ZHONG ~ 'f( C!§ ) I Middle of Forearm I

On the palmar side of the forearm, midway between the transverse wrist crease and the transverse cubital crease,
LOCATION
between the radius and the ulna.
INDICATIONS Paralysis, spasm and contracture of t he upper ext remities, and pain of t he forearm.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insert ion, 1.0-1.2 cun. M oxibust ion is applicable.

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248 ACUPUNCTURE

33. ZHOU JIAN JM:J;:{~f!l) I ElbQW's 1lp I

LOCAnON On the tip of the olecranon. Found when the elbow is flexed.
INDICAOONS Scrofula.
TECHNIQUE Moxibustion is applied with seven to fourteen moxa cones.

34-·HUU ZHONG ii<f(!!-~) I Middle of Circle I

LOCAnON Midway between GB30 (Huantiao) and DU2 (Yaoshu).
fllmltATIONS Lumbar pain and thigh pain.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 1.5-2.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

35.8AI CHONG WO a.l!U&(llli~S!Il I Hundred. lnse.ct Nest I

LOCATION 1 cun above SPlO (Xuehai).
INDICATIONS Rubella, eczema, and gastrointestinal parasitic diseases.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 1.0-1.2 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

31~.XIYAN Ill Ill( iii! l?}) I Knee. Eyes I

A pair of points located in the two depressions, medial and lateral to the patellar ligament, found with the knee
LOtAnON
flexed. These two points are also termed medial and lateral Xiyan. Lateral Xiyan is synonymous with ST35 (Dubi).
INDICATIONS Knee pain and weakness of the lower extremities.
n!CHNIQ.UE Perpendicular insertion, 0.5-1.0 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

37~· LAN WEI XU£ ~~~1\'(I:±OI~ll Appem:lix Point I

LOCATION The tender spot about 2 cun below ST36 (Zusanli).
INDICATIONS Acute and chronic appendicitis, indigestion, and paralysis of the lower extremities.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 1.0-1.2 cun.

38. HE. DltiG •mr~~l I Top of Crane I

LtlCATKlN . . . . In the depression at the midpoint of the superior patellar border.

~~ Knee pain, weakness of the foot and leg, and paralysis.

TECHNIQ.UE Perpendicular insertion, 0.3-0.5 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

31• ·~ NANG xu~; I

Bii11\'(liit~~} GaU Bladder Point I
LOCATION The tender spot 1-2 cun below GB34 (Yanglingquan).
Acute and chronic cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, biliary ascariasis, and muscular atrophy and numbness of the lower
INDICATIONS
extremities.
TECHNIQUE Perpendicular insertion, 0.8-1.2 cun.

40.U fiNO 1\.Jn.{ it~) I Elaht .Wir1d$ I

On the dorsum of the feet between the toes, in the depressions proximal to the margins of the webs, four points on
LOCAtfON each foot.
INDICAnoNS Beriberi, toe pain, and redness and swelling of the dorsum of the foot.
TECHNIQUE Oblique insertion, 0.5-0.8 cun. Moxibustion is applicable.

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 ACUPUNCTURE 249

PRINCIPLES OF POINT COMBINATION

POINT CHANNEL
ACTIONS DYNAMICS

EXAMPLES OF POINT BALANCING

TOP AND BOTTOM

Ll4 + LV3 PC6 + ST36 SJ6 + GB31

DISTAL AND LOCAL

JOINT ARM LEG
Ll LllS ST31
SHOULDER SJ SJ14 GB30
Sl SilO UB36
Ll Llll ST36
ELBOW SJ SJlO GB34
Sl 518 UB40
Ll LIS ST41
WRIST SJ SJ4 GB40
Sl SIS UB60

LEFT AND RIGHT

LEFT PC6 + RIGHT LV3 LEFT LI4,11,1S + RIGHT ST36 or LV3 LEFT LU7 + RIGHT Ll6

YIN AND YANG

PAIRED channels YANG ch. + YIN ch. (control cycle)
ST36 + SP3 I LEFT GB30,31,34 + RIGHT SP3,6

FRONT AND BACK

Front- Mu + Back-Shu Alternating treatment Back 7 Front

7 FORMS OF PRESCRIPTION THE ART OF ACUPUNCTURE TECHNIQUES

DEFINITION

••
BIG More needles than usual are used in a treatment, from 10 to as many as 14 needles
FORM Bigger gauge and are reta ined for a longer time
SMALL
FORM
•• Few needles, uses finer gauge need les, and is lighter than Big form
Light shou ld not be taken to mean Bu (reinforcing). can be used for both Bu (tonification) and Xie (sedation)
RAPID
FORM
•• Treating urgent problems and emergencies, expected to get results right away
Should be ones that can be quickly located and that have easier access for applying treatment
SLOW
FORM
•• Few points, and needles are not retained for a long time
For chronic problems, but ones which are not too serious, Significant response to treatment is not expected right away
ODD
FORM
•• A.k.a. Single Form. Uses only one acupuncture point
Bilateral needling is also applied when problems are severe, in order to amplify the effects of t he treatment.
EVEN
FORM
•• Always pa ired. The number of needles on the Left side = The number of needles on the Right side
Does not necessarily mean that the same point is needled bilaterally
COMPLEX
FORM
•• For treatment complex problems (difficult to treat).
If a prescription is not strong enough, points are added which have effects similar to those already being used

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250 ACUPUNCTURE

DUI-XUE (POINT PAIRS) fl:A: ( UI~>

1. OPEN THE BRAIN ORIFICES

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 DU20 + SP1 aw + r~a Cold hands•feet I Wind-stroke I Organ prolapse I Uterine bleeding
2 DU20 + DU26 Ei* + *;~ Qi collapse I Wind-stroke closed type I Summer-Heat
3 DU26 + DU16 *;~ + lil.Jf.l Stroke I Bell's palsy, Hemiplegia
4 DU26 + Ll4 }j(;1ij + .g-g Jue syndrome I Qi collapse I Summer-Heat I Postpartum unconsciousness
5 KD1 + ST36 ;i!j)R + lE="' Jue syndrome I Qi collapse I Summer-Heat I Poisoning
6 DU25 + PC6 lUI!+ Pll!!! Unconsciousness I Summer-Heat I Electric shock
7 RN17 + PC6 lll<f> + Pll!!! Qi collapse I Zangzao syndrome I Aphasia I Angina
8 DU25 + RN1 *;~ + .. r.t Drowning I Madness
9 Ll11 + PC9 i!!l;t!l + <f>lfj Dizziness
10 PC3 + UB40 !l!l;i + ~<!' Stroke closed type I Vomiting•diarrhea due to Warm-febrile dz.
11 DU25 + UB40 *;~ + ~<!' Summer-Heat I Unconsciousness I Acute lumbar sprain I Hemiplegia
12 PC6 + ST44 Plml + Pliil Summer-Heat I Acute enteritis

2. RELEASE EXTERIOR AND CLEAR HEAT

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 GB20 + DU16 lll.;1!! + ~Jf.l Exterior Wind I Wind-stroke I Hypertension I Torticollis
2 UB12 + UB13 lll.r1 + 111l!llt Wind-Cold I Acute or chronic cough
3 Ll4 + Ll11 .g.-g. + S:B~ttt Wind-Heat symptoms I Bi syndrome
4 DU14 + UB65 ;l;:flf + JR'.il Exterior Wind I Torticollis
s LU6 + Ll4 rUt+ -ll-i'i- Seasonal cough I Cough•asthma I Hemorrhoids, bloody stool
6 Ll2 + HT6 =llll + ~'* Exterior cold I Night sweating
7 Ll4 + KD7 .g.g. + tli~ Exterior Wind without sweating I Continuous sweating
8 LV14 + Ll7 Mr~ + ;g;1a Wind-Cold with stiff neck I Hypochondriac pain I Acute or chronic hepatitis
9 DU13 + UB13 'lililt + ll!i!llt Fever I LU Yin deficiency with steaming bone fever
10 UB43 + Bai Lao .]ij!llt + Ei~ Damage of Five organs and seven emotions I LU Tuberculosis
11 UB43 + ST36 .lij'!llt + JE=:"' Zang deficiency
12 PC6 + SP6 Pllll1 + =:~3<: LU deficiency with steaming bone fever I Insomnia due to HT•KD miscommunication

3. EXPEL WIND AND STOP ITCHING

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 Ll15 + Ll11 ,!!!~ + i!!lit!! Urticaria I Upper limb numbness
2 Ll11 + SP10 !l!l;1!! + JJIJ.;Jf Skin itching I Bi syndrome

4. HARMONIZE EXTERIOR•INTERIOR or QI•BLOOD or LV•GB

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 DU14 + PC5 ;l;:flf + fl!lj!l; Shaoyang syndrome I Malaria
2 SJ6 + GB34 ;i<}!;J + f!ll~lll Shaoyang syndrome I Cholecystitis, hepatitis I Intercostal neuralgia
3 SJ5 + GB38 ~1!!1 + ~M Shaoyang syndrome I Hypochondriac pain, LV Qi stagnation I Intercostal neuralgia
4 SJ5 + GB41 ~~~ + )Eiol,;:;L Shaoyang syndrome I
LV Fire I Hypertension
5 UB19 + GB24 ll'l!llt + Bll LV•GB disorder I Intercostal neuralgia

5. CLEAR TOXIC-HEAT AND REDUCE SWELLING

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 Ll4 + ST44 -ll-i'i- + Pliil Sore throat I Toothache, swollen gum I Abdominal distention
2 ST36 + Ll2 JE="' + _r., Toothache due to Wind-Heat I Headache due to Yangming Heat I Swollen throat
3 Ll2 + KD3 =r., + *~ Toothache due to KD Yin deficiency I Chronic sore throat
4 ST7 + Ll4 Tim + .g.g Toothache I Facial paralysis
5 RN23 + PC9 ~** + <j>lfj Sublingual swelling I Aphasia I Loss of voice
6 ST29 + LV3 ifl!< + ;!;:iti Swollen and painful testicle I Prolapse of uterus I 51 Qi pain, hernia
7 UB57 + SP6 :il\LlJ + =~3<: Swollen and painful anus or testicle
8 UB40 + UB57 ~<!' + itnlJ Hemorrhoids I Lumbar sprain I Sciatica

Point Therapeutics I Point Pairs

 ACUPUNCTURE 251

6 CLEAR HEAT AND BENEFIT EYES

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 ST36 + UB18 IE-~ + llfliil Blurry vision due to LV Blood deficiency I LV•ST disharmony I Chronic hepatitis
2 UB2 + ll1 !lttt + i!lilll! Swollen eyes due to Wind-Heat I Headache due to Wind-Heat
3 UB1 + LV2 !ijljiJII + l'Tilll Swollen and red eyes, tearing I Acute conjuctivitis due to Wind-Heat
4 UB10 + SIS ORtt + W'l!: Dizziness, weak eyesight I Hypertension, stiff neck
5 GB20 + ll4 J!tat!. + .g-1§ Dizziness, blurred vision due to Wind-Heat I Exterior Wind I Hypertension
6 SJ23 + UB2 **tt:'l' + !lttt Red and swollen eyes I Frontal headache

7 OPEN THE BRAIN ORIFICE AND BENEFIT VOICE

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 SJ17 + GB2 H!i. + ~- Tinnitus•deafness due to LV Fire I Facial paralysis
2 GB2 + ll20 ae + if!!~ Deafness I Nasal blockage
3 ll20 + ll4 if!!~ + .sa Nasal discharge or blockage due to Wind-Cold I Chronic sinusitis
4 ll20 + ST36 if!!~ + )E=~ Clear discharge, nasal blockage due to Wind-Cold I Sinusitis
5 DU23 + ll20 _t!j[ +if!!~ Nasal blockage I Nasal bleeding
6 RN23 + HTS ililil +ill~ Aphasia due to stroke
7 DU15 + KD1 s::;r, + ;iii* Aphasia, Stroke-closed type I Jue syndrome
8 DU15 + RN23 s::;r, + •* Aphasia due to Wind-stroke I Mute

8 STOP COUGH AND CALM ASTHMA

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 RN22 + LUS OR~+ R;; Cough•asthma I Swollen•painful throat
2 UB13 + RN22 lli!iliil +OR~ Acute or chronic cough•asthma
3 UB13 + LU1 l!ililiil + <Pif.f Cough•asthma
4 RN21 + RN6 1/illl! + ll!;;l;i Chronic cough, shortness of breath I Chronic bronchitis
5 RN12 + ST40 <1'1111 + :lf:lli Cough•asthma I Hiccup, ST Qi rebellious
6 RN4 + UB23 llll:n: + ~liil KD not grasping LU Qi I Spermatorrhea, impotence I Irregular menstruation
7 LU7 + ST36 911~ + IE.='.~ Deficient type of cough•asthma
8 UB13 + LU6 lli!iliil + JLit Fever, cough, chest pain I Swollen and painful throat
9 LU7 + KD6 911~ + ~~>Iii Cough due to Wind -Phlegm I Dry throat with Yin def. I Chest fullness due to phlegm

9 CLEAR BLOOD-HEAT AND STOP BLEEDING

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 DU23 + SJ22 _t!j[ + ::!<~ Epistaxis I Acute or chronic rhinitis
2 DU23 + DU25 _t!i[ + *~ Epistaxis I Acute or chronic sinusitis
3 UB17 + ST36 Jllliliil + )E.='.~ Hematemesis with SP Qi deficiency
4 DU1 + UB57 :l'l:l!ii + ~Lli Hemorrhoid bleeding

10. CLEAR DAMP-HEAT AND RELIEVE JAUNDICE

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 UB19 + UB48 lltliil + lll!llil Jaundice due to Dampness I Acute cholecystitis
2 DU9 + KD1 ~~~~~ + ;iljJR Yang jaundice I Acute cholecystitis or hepatitis
3 ST36 + LV3 IE=~+ ::1::11i Yin jaundice I Chronic hepatitis
4 GB34 + ST36 lll!!tlil + IE.='.~ Yin jaundice I Chronic hepatitis, LV•ST disharmony

11. AWAKEN SP•ST AND INCREASE APPETITE

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 RN21 + ST36 1/illl! + IE=~ Weak digestive system I
Food retention I Poor appetite
2 UB20 + UB21 IJ'I!liil + l!lliil SP•ST deficiency, indigestion I Diabetes I Chronic gastritis, Chronic colitis

12. REGULATE INTESTINES FOR DIARRHEA OR CONSTIPATION

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 ST25 + ST36 ORll!i + IE=~ Constipation due to Gl tract disharmony I Acute or Chronic diarrhea I Dysentery
2 ll4 + ST36 ..g.e +.:E.::.~ SP•ST dysfunction, indigestion, poor appetite I Common cold, intestinal flu
3 DU20 + DU1 se. :A:I!ii Chronic dysentery I SP Qi sinking, rectal prolapse, uterus prolapse
4 ST25 + ST37 ORll!i + _t§Ll[ Acute or chronic diarrhea I Appendicitis I Constipation
5 SJ6 + KD6 '1<:;1;) + !Hilii Constipation due to Yin deficiency I Constipation in elderly, women, or weak patient
6 DU4 + KD3 $~, + ;I::J:! Daybreak diarrhea I Spermatorrhea I Low back pan due to Mingmen Fire deficiency

Point Therapeutics I Point Pairs

252 ACUPUNCTURE

14. OPEN THE CHEST, REGULATE DIAPHRAGM AND MIDDLE JIAO

15. STRENGTHEN HT AND STOP PAIN

16. NOURISH HEART AND CALM SPIRIT

17. CALM TREMOR AND CONVULSION

Point Therapeutics I Point Pairs

 ACUPUNCTURE 253

20. STABILIZE ESSENCE, LEUKORRHEA AND URINE

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 RN3 + SP6 <I'll + =~;:: Children enuresis I Retention of placenta I Spermatorrhea, Impotence
2 DU4 + UB23 ~r, + 'i!l'llll Impotence, Premature ejaculation I Enuresis I Diarrhea due to KD Yang deficiency
3 UB15 + UB23 {:f<t + !!l'f<t Nocturnal emission due to HT•KD miscommunications I Palpitation, Insomnia
4 UB52 + SP6 it:t: + ;::113;'1( Spermatorrhea, premature ejaculation I Low back pain due to LV•KD deficiency
5 KD12 + KD3
*" + *~ Enuresis, urinary incontinence due to KD deficiency I Spermatorrhea

21. EXPEL WIND, RELAX MUSCLE•CHANNEL AND STOP PAIN

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 Sl3 + UB65 10'~ + JR;il- Occipital headache I Torticollis
2 LU7 + Sl3 ~ll fli! + 10' ~ Occipital headache I
Torticollis I Wry neck
3 GB20 + GB39 Jl!.)l!! + !l;l\it Neck•shoulder pain I Torticollis I Hypertension
4 DU26 + Ll11 * i~ + Elll il!! Spinal pain and mobility disorder I Bone spur
5 GB39 + UB60 !l;l!D + lUf Neck and shoulder pain I External malleolus pain
6 LUS+LI11 R i!i + Elll il!! Pain in elbow joint I Knee pain due to Bi syndrome
7 LUS + Ll4 R ;t . ~a Pain in elbow joint I Pain in upper limb I Cough
8 UB23 + UB40 Jl'f<t + ;J! <l' Various kinds of lumbago I Edema, urinary difficulty
9 GB30 + GB34 llll't + i!l!llilil Pain of lower limb I Sciatica I Bi syndrome
10 Ll11 + GB34 Elll:"t!! + i!l!llilil Hemiplegia I Arthritis, joint pains I Heat in digestive system
11 Sl3 + UB60 I<'~ + flii1f Acute lumbar sprain I Spinal pain
12 GB34 + GB39 !Iiiii~ + j(;f:' Shoulder pain I Dizziness due to LV Yang•Fire1' I Hypochondriac pain
13 GB34 + LV3 l\l!llilil + *lti Low back and leg pain I Sciatica
14 GB34 + SP9 l\l!lli~ + 113;!1MJil Pain in Knee joint due to Wind Bi or Heat Bi I Crane Knee

22. DISSOLVE PHLEGM-NODULES

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 HT3 + SJ10 :J> ;Ji + OR# Scrofula I Measles
2 Ll11 + Ll14 Elll il!! + 11;11\\1 Scrofula I Pain in shoulder and arm

23. GYNECOLOGICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS DISEASE

DUI-XUE CHINESE INDICATIONS
1 RN4 + RN6 ~b: + ~;Jij Spermatorrhea I Stroke I Cough•asthma due to KD yang deficiency
2 RN3 + Zigong <I'll + 'f'g Irregular menses I Cold womb, infertility I Uterus prolapse I P.I.D.
3 Ll11 + SP6 Elllil!! + =:113;31: Amenorrhea, uterine bleeding I Wind-Damp Bi, lower back pain I Beriberi
4 Ll4 + SP6 .g.§ + =:r;t 3( Dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea I Difficulty in labor I Insomnia I Bi syndrome
5 RN6 + ST25 ~;Jij + :'Rll!! Irregular menses, uterine bleeding I Leukorrhea,
6 ST29 + SP6 1/tl!< + .=.!l'\1: Irregular menses, dysmenorrhea I Leukorrhea, uterus prolapse
7 LV1 + SP1 * fl1 + ltl!8 Beng Lou (gushing and tricking) I Functional uterine bleeding
8 KD8 + UBSS o.:m + .g-)13 Uterine bleeding, Lower leg weakness
9 ST36 + UB67 .fi!..=.!lt + ¥_113; Malposition of fetus
10 SJS + KD6 n ~a • ft~;lij Retention of placenta I Weak uterus contraction
11 GB37 + GB41 7\:'l'l + .fi!.M.i:li: Breast distention I To inhibit lactation
12 ST18 + Sl1 ~ iJ;l + :!>if Insufficient lactation

Point Therapeutics I Point Pairs

.,
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(I)
ID ~

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POINT SELECTION FROM CAM
ill. DISEASES OF HEAD, TRUNK AND LUMBAR REGIONS
1. HEADACHE
2. FACIAL PAIN
257
257
(')
,
c
c
z
., 3. DEVIATION OF EYE AND MOUTH 257
(')
-1
a3 4. PAIN IN HYPOCHONDRIAC REGION 257 c
::a
5. LOW BACK PAIN 257 m
(') INTERNAL DISEASES
~
6. Bl SYNDROME 258
3: I . EMERGENCY DISEASES & SYNDROMES CAUSED BY PATHOGENS 7. WEI SYNDROME 258

1. WIND-STROKE 255
2. SYNCOPE 255
3. SUNSTROKE 255
4. COMMON COLD 255 GYNECOLOGICAL & OTHER DISEASES
5. MALARIA 255
I . GYNECOLOGICAL DISEASE
II. ZANG-FU SYNDROMES
1. IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION 258
1. COUGH 255 2. DYSMENORRHEA 258
2. ASTHMA 255 3. AMENORRHEA 258
3. EPIGASTRIC PAIN 255 4. UTERINE BLEEDING 259
4. VOMITING 255 5. MORBID LEUKORRHEA 259
5. HICCUP 255 6. MORNING SICKNESS 259
6. ABDOMINAL PAIN 256 7. PROLONGED LABOUR (APPENDIX: MALPOSITION OF FETUS} 259
7. DIARRHEA 256 8. INSUFFICIENT LACTATION (APPEN.: TO INHIBIT LACTATION} 259
8. DYSENTERY 256 9. PROLAPSE OF UTERUS 259
9. ABDOMINAL DISTENTION 256
II. PEDIATRIC DISEASES
10. JAUNDICE 256
11. CONSTIPATION 256 1. INFANTILE CONVULSION 259

12. PROLAPSE OF RECTUM 256 2. INFANTILE DIARRHEA 259

3. INFANTILE MALNUTRITION 259
13. EDEMA 256
14. NOCTURNAL ENURESIS 4. INFANTILE PARALYSIS 259
256
15. URINATION DISTURBANCE 5. MUMPS 259
256
16. RETENTION OF URINE 256 ill. EXTERNAL DISEASES
17. IMPOTENCE (APPENDIX: SEMINAL EMISSION) 256 1. URTICARIA 260
18. INSOMNIA (APPENDIX: POOR MEMORY} 256 2. ERYSIPELAS (APPENDIX: HERPES ZOSTER) 260
19. PALPITATION 256 3. BOIL AND RED-THREAD BOIL 260
20. MANIC DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS 257 4. BREAST ABSCESS 260
21. EPILEPSY 257 5. INTESTINAL ABSCESS 260
22. DIZZINESS 257 6. GOITER 260
23. MELANCHOLIA 257 7. SPRAIN AND CONTUSION (APPENDIX: TORTICOLLIS} 260
 II. ZANG-FU SYNDROMES filM!~
INTERNAL DISEASES P'.IH!LH:ill!
1. COUGH: UB13
(1) EXOGENOUS PATHOGENIC INVASION
@ Wind-Cold: LU7, Ll4
I . EMERGENCY DZ. & SYNDROMES CAUSED BY PATHOGENS ~~}'t-1!1\~
®Wind-Heat
• Pain and swelling of throat: LU11
1. WIND-STROKE
• Fever and aversion to cold: DU14, SJS
(1) ATTACK ON THE ZANG FU
(2) INTERNAL INJURY
® Tense syndrome: DU20, DU26, ST40, LV3, KD1, 12 Jing-well on both hands
@ Phlegm in the LU: RN 12, LUS, ST36, ST40
• Clenched Jaws: ST7, ST6, Ll4
® LU dryness due to Yin deficiency: LU1, LU7, KD6
• Aphasia and stiffness of tongue: DU15, RN23, HTS
• Coughing blood: LUG, UB17
® Flaccid syndrome: RNS, RN6 (indirect moxa with salt), RN4
• CUPPING: UB12 & UB13, Cutaneous needle on Du & UB meridian
(2) ATTACK ON THE MERIDIANS & COLLATERALS: DU20, UB7, DU16
• Upper limbs: Ll15, Ll11, SJS, Ll4
2. ASTHMA: UB13
• Lower limbs: GB30, GB34, ST36, ST41
(1) EXCESS
• LV Yang rising: ..j,.GB20, .J,.LV3, 1'KD3, 1'SP6
@ Wind-Cold: UB12, DU14, LU7, Ll4
• HT Fire: .J,.PC7, .J,.LV2, 1'KD3
@ Phlegm-Heat: Dingchuan, RN22, LUS, ST40
• Deviated mouth: ST4, ST6
(2) DEFICIENCY
e PREVENTION: moxa at ST36, GB39
@ lU deficiency: LU9, ST36, SP3
@ KD deficiency: KD3, UB23, RN17, RN6
2. SYNCOPE: DU26
(1) Deficiency: DU20, PC6, RN6, ST36
3. EPIGASTRIC PAIN: RN12, PC6, ST36
(2) EXCESS: L14, LV3, PC9, PCS, KD1
(1) FOOD RETENTION: lnner-Neiting
(2) LV OVERACT ST: LV14, LV3
3. SUNSTROKE: UB40
(3) ST DEFICIENCY WITH COLD STAGNATION: RN6, UB20, SP4
(1) MILD: DU14, PC6, Llll
(2) SEVERE: DU26, DU20, Shixuan, PC3
4. VOMITING: RN12, ST36, PC6, SP4
(1) FOOD RETENTION: RN10
4. COMMON COLD: Ll4
(2) LV OVERACT ST: LV3
(1) WIND-COLD: DU16, UB12, GB20, LU7
(3) SP/ST DEFICIENCY: UB20
(2) WIND-HEAT: DU14, Ll11, SJS, LU10, LU11
, e PREVENTION: moxa at UB12, ST36
e PERSISTENT VOMITING: bleeding Jinjin, Yuye

..
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(I)
5. MALARIA: DU14, DU13, Sl3, PC5, SJ2, GB41
5. HICCUP: UB17, RN12, PC6, ST36
(1) FOOD RETENTION: RN14, lnner-Neiting
:1>
n
CD • High fever: .J,.U11
(Plantar side, opposite ST44)
,
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n • With splenomegaly: LV13, moxa at Pigen
• High fever with delirium & mental confusion: prick the 12 Jing-well on hands
(2) LV Ql STAGNATION: RN17, LV3
(3) ST Cold: RN13 c
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:::s e CUPPING: UB17, UB46, UB18, RN1 2, ST18
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6. ABDOMINAL PAIN: RN12, ST36 14. NOCTURNAL ENURESIS: UB23, UB28, RN3, SP6, moxa LV1 ~
c;·
(1) COLD ACCUMULATION: RN8, SP4 • Enuresis with dreams: HT7 .,c
(2) SP YANG DEFICIENCY: UB20, UB21, LV13, RNG • Loss of appetite: UB20, ST36 c
:I z
(3) FOOD RETENTION: ST25, RNG, lnner-Neiting n
"1'1 ....
aa 7. DIARRHEA: ST36
15. URINATION DISTURBANCE (LIN): UB28, RN3, SP9
(1) STONE LIN: UB39
c
::a
m
,.s::
n (1) ACUTE DIARRHEA: ST25 @ Cold-Damp: RN12, RNG
@ Damp-Heat: ST44, SP9
(2) Ql LIN: LV2
(3) BLOOD LIN: SPlO, SPG
© Food retention: lnner-Neiting (4) GAO LIN: UB23, KDG
(2) CHRONIC DIARRHEA: UB20 @ SP deficiency: LV13, SP3, RN12 (5) LAO LIN: DU20, RNG, ST36
@ KD deficiency: UB23, DU4, RN4, KD3
16. RETENTION OF URINE
8. DYSENTERY: ST25, ST37 (1) HEAT ACCUMULATION IN THE UB: UB28, RN3, SPG, UB39
(1) DAMP-HEAT: Llll, Ll4 (2) MINGMEN FIRE DECLINE: DU4, UB23, DU20, RN4, SJ4
(2) COLD-DAMP: RN12, moxa RNG, SP9 (3) DAMAGE OF THE MERIDIAN Ql: RN3, SPG, ST28, KDS
(3) FOOD-RESISTANT: RN12, PCG
(4) INTERMITTENT: UB20, UB21, RN4, ST36 17. IMPOTENCE
(1) MINGMEN FIRE DECLINE: RN4, DU4, UB23, KD3
9. ABDOMINAL DISTENTION: RN12, ST25, ST36, ST37 • HT & SP Qi damage: UBlS, HT7, SPG
(1) EXCESS: Ll4, RNG, SP9 (2) DAMP-HEAT FLOW DOWNWARD: RN3, SPG, SP9, ST36
(2) DEFICIENCY: RN4, SP3
[!] SEMINAL EMISSION
10. JAUNDICE: SP9, ST36, UB18, UB19, DU9 (1) NOCTURNAL EMISSION: HT7, UBlS, KD3, UB52
(1) YANG JAUNDICE {DAMP-HEAT): LV3, GB34 (2) SPERMATORRHEA: UB23, KD12, SPG, RN4, RNG
(2) YIN JAUNDICE {COLD-DAMP): UB20, UB48
18. INSOMNIA: HT7, SP6, Anmian
11. CONSTIPATION: UB25, ST25, SJ6, KD6 (1) HT & SP Ql DEFICIENCY: UB20, UBlS, moxa SPl
(1) EXCESS ® Heat accumulation: Llll, Ll4 (2) HT & KD DISHARMONY: UBlS, UB23, KD3
® Qi stagnation: RN12, LV3 (3) LV FIRE DISTURB UPWARD: UB18, UB19, GB12
(2) DEFICIENCY @ Qi & Blood deficiency: UB20, UB21, ST36 (4) ST DYSFUNCTION: UB21, ST36
® Cold agglomeration: moxa RN8, RNG
[!] POOR MEMORY: SISHENCONG, UB15, UB20, ST36, UB23, KD6
12. PROLAPSE OF RECTUM: DU20, UB25, DU1, ST36
19. PALPITATION: UB15, RN14, HT7, PC6
13. EDEMA (1) DISTURBANCE OF THE MIND: HTS, GB40
(1) YANG EDEMA: LU7, Ll4, LIG, SP9, UB39 • If accompanied with Phlegm-Heat : ST40, UB19
(2) YIN EDEMA: UB20, UB23, RN9, RN4, KD7, ST36 (2) Ql & BLOOD DEFICIENCY: UB20, UB21, ST36
• Facial puffiness: DU26 (3) YIN DEFICIENCY WITH FIRE: UB14, UB23, KD3
• Edema on the pedis dorsum: GB41, SPS (4) FLUID RETENTION: RN9, RN4, RN8, SP9
 20. MANIC-DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS: ST40
(1) DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: UB15, UB18, UB20, HT7
(2) MANIC DISORDER: DU14, DU16, DU26, PCG, 13 ghost point
e 13 GHOST POINTS: DU26, LUll, SP1, PC7, UB62, DU16, STG, RN24, PC8, DU23,
RN1, Llll, Shexiazhongfeng
21. EPILEPSY
(1) DURING SEIZURE: DU26, RN15, PCS, LV3, ST40
(2) AFTER SEIZURE: UB15, Yintang, HT7, SPG, KD3, Yaoqi
• Daytime seizure: UB62
• Night seizure: KDG
• Phlegm stagnation: RN12, ST40
• Severe Qi and Blood deficiency : RN4, ST36
22. DIZZINESS
(1) LV YANG RISING: GB20, UB18, UB23, KD3, LV2
(2) Ql AND BLOOD DEFICIENCY: DU20, UB20, RN4, ST36, SPG
(3) PHLEGM-DAMP RETENTION: ST8, UB20, RN12, PCG, ST40
ill. DISEASES OF HEAD, TRUNK AND LUMBAR REGIONS ~IDW!
1. HEADACHE
(1) WIND INVASION INTO MERIDIANS AND COLLATERALS
• Occipital (Taiyang): GB20, UBGO, 513
• Frontal (Yangming): ST8, Yintang, DU23, Ll4, ST44
• Temporal (Shaoyang): Taiyang, GB8, SJS, GB41
• Vertex (Jueyin): DU20, 513, UB67, LV3
(2) LV YANG RISING: GB20, DU20, GBS, GB43, LV2
(3) Ql AND BLOOD DEFICIENCY: DU20, RNG, UB18, UB20, UB23, ST36
e CUTANEOUS NEEDLES & CUPPING METHOD: along L1 to 54, GB20, Taiyang, GB1
2. FACIAL PAIN • Supraorbital region: GB14, Taiyang, UB2, SJS
• Maxillary region: ST2, 5118, Ll20, Ll4
• Mandibular region: ST7, STG, STS, Jiachengjiang, Ll4
(1) WIND-COLD INVASION: GB20
(2) LV AND ST EXCESSIVE FIRE: LV3, ST44
(3) YIN DEFICIENCY WITH EXCESSIVE FIRE: KDG, SPG

23. MELANCHOLIA 3. DEVIATION OF EYE AND MOUTH: SJ17, GB14, Taiyang, Sl18, ST7, ST4, ST6, Ll4
(1) LV Ql STAGNATION: UB18, RN17, RN12, ST36, SP4, LV3 • Headache: GB20
(2) Ql STAGNATION TRANSFORMING INTO FIRE: RN13, SJG, GB34, LV2, GB43 • Difficulty in frowning and raising the eyebrow: UB2, SJ23
(3) PHLEGM STAGNATION (A.K.A. GLOBUS HYSTERICUS): RN22, RN17, PCG, ST40, LV3 • Incomplete closing of the eye: UB2, UB1, GB1, Yuyao, SJ23
(4) BLOOD INSUFFICIENCY (A.K.A. HYSTERIA): RN14, HT7, SPG, LV3 • Difficulty in sniffling: Ll20
• Distress of the chest: PCG, RN17 • Deviation of the philtrum: DU26
• Hiccup: SP4, RN22 • Irritability to show the teeth: ST3
• Sudden aphonia: HTS, RN23 • Tinnitus and deafness: GB2
• Convulsion: Ll4, GB34 • Tenderness of the mastoid region: GB12, SJS
• Loss of consciousness: DU26, KD1
4. PAIN IN HYPOCHONDRIAC REGION: LV14
(1) EXCESS: SJG, GB34 @ Qi stagnation: LV3, GB40
., ® Blood stasis: UB17, UB18

.
S!.
:I
(I)
(2) DEFICIENCY: UB18, UB23, ST36, SPG, LV3

5. LOW BACK PAIN: UB23, DU3, UB40 ~

CD
.,c
..~
c;·
(1) COLD-DAMP: UB25, UB26
(2) KD YANG DEFICIENCY: DU4, Yaoyan
c
z
:I (3) KD YIN DEFICIENCY: UBS2, KD3
~
"'I (4) TRAUMATIC INJURY: DU26, Yaotongxue, Ashi point c
a
a ~

~
i:
., N

.
0
;·
(I)
ID
c.n
co

~
6. Bl SYNDROMES n
..o·
i
n • Shoulder joint: LllS, SJ14, SJ19, SilO
• Scapula : Sill, Sll2, Sl14, UB43
GYNECOLOGICAL & OTHER DISEASES ~5ef+!'i'OI:i!!l. 9H4!£1:i!!l, n~f+!2Et:i!!l
.,
c
c
:s z
• Elbow: Llll, LUS, SJlO, SJS, Ll4 n
"TT ...c
a3 • Wrist: SJ4, LIS, SIS, SJS
• Stiffness of the fingers : SIS, Ll4, Sl3
I . GYNECOLOGICAL DISEASE liitAl4
::a
m
n • Numbness and pain in the fingers : Sl3, L13, Baxie
1. IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION
~
3: • Lumbar reg ion : DU26, DU12, DU3
(1) ANTEDATED MENSTRUATION
• Hip joint: GB30, GB29, GB39
@ Blood heat: Llll, RN3, SPlO, KDS
• Thigh region: UBS4, UB36, GB34
• LV Qi transforming into fire : LV2
• Knee joint: Heding, ST3S, Medial Xiyan, GB34, SP9
• Yin deficiency with internal heat: KD2
• Numbness and pain in the leg: UBS7, UBS8
@ Qi deficiency: RN6, SP6, RN12, ST36
• An kle : ST41, SPS, GB40, UB60, KD3
(2) POSTDATED MENSTRUATION
• Numbness and pain in the toes: SP4, UB6S, Bafeng
® Blood deficiency & cold in the Blood : RN4, RN6, SP6
• Back: DU 26, DU12, DU3
• Dizziness & blurred vision : DU20
• General pa in: Sl3, UB62, SP21, UB17, LllS, Llll, Ll4, SJ4, GB30, GB34, GB39, ST41
• Palpitation & insomnia : HT7
(1) WANDERING Bl, VESSEL Bl : UB17, SPlO
@ Qi stagnation: ST2S, KD13, SP8, LV3
(2) PAINFUL Bl : UB23, RN4
• Chest Bi : PC6
(3) FIXED Bl : ST36, SPS
• Distension in the hypochondria region and breast: LV14
(4) HEAT Bl : DU14, Llll
(3) IRREGULAR MENSTRUAL CYCLE
(5) TENDON Bl : GB34
@ LV Qi stagnation: RN6, KD14, PCS, LVS
(6) BONE Bl : UBll, GB39
• Distension in the hypochondriac region and breast: RN17, LV14
• Mental depression : HT7, LV3
7. WEI SYNDROMES • Upper limb: LllS, Llll, Ll 4, SJS
@ KD deficiency: RN4, UB23, KD8
• Lower limb: ST31, GB30, SPlO, ST34, ST36, GB34, ST41, GB39
• Sore and weak low back and knees : Yaoyan, KDlO
(1) LU HEAT: LUS, UB13
• Dizziness and tinnitis: DU20, KD3
(2) DAMP-HEAT: UB20, SP9
(3) LV & KD YIN DEFICIENCY: UB18, UB23
2. DYSMENORRHEA
(4) TRAUMA: Huatuojiaji points at the corresponding level of spinal injury
(1) EXCESS: RN3, UB32, Ll4, SPlO, SP8, LV3
(5) INCONTINENCE OF URINE: RN3, SP6
• Distending pain in the lower abdomen: KD14, ST28
(6) INCONTINENCE OF FECES: UB2S, UB32
• Pain with cold feeling in the lower abdomen : ST29, ST27
(2) DEFICIENCY: RN4, UB20, UB23, ST36, SP6

3. AMENORRHEA: SP6
(1) BLOOD STAGNATION: RN3, ST29, SPlO, LV3, Ll4
• Pain in the lower abdomen with hard mass aggravated by pressure: KD14
(2) BLOOD DEFICIENCY: RN4, UB18, UB20, UB23, ST36
 4. UTERINE BLEEDING: moxa SP1 II. PEDIATRIC DISEASES •l'§e'*
(1) EXCESSIVE HEAT: RN3, SP10, LVS
• External heat: Llll 1. INFANTILE CONWLSION
• HT fire: HTS (1) ACUTE INFANTILE CONWLSION: Yintang, DU26, LV3
• LV fire: LV3 • Invasion of pathogenic heat: DU14, Llll, 12 jing-well point on both hands
(2) Ql DEFICIENCY: DU20, RN4, ST36, SP6, SJ4 • Convulsion due to phlegm-heat: SJ18, RN12, Ll4, ST40
• SP Qi deficiency manifested by anorexia and loose stools: UB20, UB21 • Convulsion due to fright: PCS, KDl
(2) CHRONIC INFANTILE CONWLSION: DU20, DU24, RN4, SP6, ST36
5. MORBID LEUKORRHEA • SP & KD Yang deficiency: UB20, UB23, RN12
(1) SP DEFICIENCY: GB26, RN6, UB30, SP9, ST36 • Blood deficiency: LV3, KD2
(2) KD DEFICIENCY: UB23, RN4, KD12, GB26, KD7
(3) DAMP-HEAT: RN3, UB32, SP6, LV3 2. INFANTILE DIARRHEA: ST25, ST37, Sifeng
• Itching in the vulva: LVS • Diarrhea due to overfeeding: RNll, RN6
• Reddish leukorrhea: SPlO • Diarrhea due to damp-heat: Llll, Ll4, SP9
• Excessive heat: Llll
3. INFANTILE MALNUTRITION: RN10, UB21, UB20, ST36, Sifeng, SP3
6. MORNING SICKNESS: RN12, PC6, ST36 • Parasitosis: Baichongwo
(1) SP & ST DEFICIENCY: RN13, SP4
(2) LV & ST DISHARMONY: RN17, LV3 4. INFANTILE PARALYSIS
• Upper limb: LllS, Llll, Ll4, SJS, DU14, UBlO
7. PROLONGED LABOUR: SP6, UB67 • Lower limb: ST31, ST36, ST41, GB30, GB34, SP6, UB60, Huatuojiaji (L1 - LS)
(1) Ql & BLOOD DEFICIENCY: ST36 • Abdominal muscles: ST21, ST25, GB26, RN4
(2) Ql & BLOOD STAGNATION: Ll4 • Contracted knee: ST33
• Reverse flexion of knee: UB36, UB40, UB57
00 MALPOSITION OF FETUS: moxa at UB67 • Inversion of foot: GB31, UB62, GB40
• Eversion of foot: KD6, KD3
8. INSUFFICIENT LACTATION: ST18, RN17, Sl1 • Difficult intorsion and extorsion of hand: SJ4, LIS, 513, SJ9, HT3
(1) Ql & BLOOD DEFICIENCY: UB20, ST36, SP6 • Drop of wrist: SJ9, SJS
(2) LV Ql STAGNATION: LV14, PC6, LV3
5. MUMPS: ST6, SJ17, SJ5, Llll, Ll4
00 TO INHIBIT LACTATION: GB41, GB37 • Chills and fever: LU7
• High fever: DU14, 12 jing-well points on both hands
'l 9. PROLAPSE OF UTERUS • Swelling and pain of testis: LV3, LVS
i (1) Ql DEFICIENCY: DU20, RN6, RN12, ST36, ST29 • MOXA: with Medulla Junci (Deng Xin Cao) at SJ20

: (2) KD DEFICIENCY: RN4, Zigong, LVS, KD6 I;

.,.c
Ig c
z
-
' II
a
!lc
a =
i
"Ill

.
0
;·
(I)
CD Ill. EXTERNAL DISEASES ?1-'f.'+ 7. SPRAIN AND CONTUSION: ASHI POINTS f!;
[ • Neck: UBlO, 513 c"Ill
c;· c
-.a,
1. URTICARIA: Ll11, Ll4, UB40, SP10, SP6 • Shoulder joint: GB21, LllS
:a z
(1) WIND-HEAT: DU14 • Elbow joint: Llll, Ll4 n
(2) WIND-DAMP: SP9 • Wrist joint: SJ4, Ll4 -1
c
a (3) HEAT ACCUMULATION IN THE ST & INTESTINES: ST25, ST36 • Hip joint: GB30, GB34 ;Ill
m
n • Knee joint: ST35, ST44
:1:.
B 2. ERYSIPELAS: Ll11, Ll4, PC3, UB40, SP10, Ashi points • Ankle joint: ST41, GB40, UB60
• Wind-heat: GB20
• Damp-heat: ST36, SP9 ~ TORTICOLLIS
• Fever: DU14 • The reducing method and moxa are applied to DU14, UB10, Sl14, GB39, Sl3
• Pathogenic toxin attacking the interior: 12 jing-well points on hands, PC8 • Inability of flexion and extension: UB60, LU7
• Constipation: SJ6 • Difficulty in rotating the neck: Sl7
• Cupping may be applied after needling.
~ HERPES ZOSTER • Luozen is used alone for stiff neck.
• Prick the skin around herpes zoster with a three-edged needle to cause a little bleeding
• Five pricks at 0.5 cun from the head of the herpes zoster area
• And then five pricks at 0.5 cun from the tail, and also several pricks along both sides
• Then select Ll11, SP10, UB40, GB34, LV3

3. BOIL AND RED-THREAD BOIL: DU10, DU12, PC4, Ll4, UB40

• Face: Lll, Llll
• Tip of fingers: Llll, Ll20
• Temporal region: GB34, GB44
• 4th or 5th toe: GB34, GB2

4. BREAST ABSCESS: GB21, RN17, ST18, Sl1, ST36, LV3

• Chills and fever: Ll4, SJS
• Distension and pain in the breast: GB41

5. INTESTINAL ABSCESS: STZS, Llll, Lanwei, ST37

• Fever: DU14, Ll4
• Vomiting: PC6, RN12

6. GOITER: SJ13, Ll17, Sl17, RNZZ, Ll4, ST36

• LV Qi stagnation: RN17, LV3 with even movement
• Palpitation: PC6, HT7 with reinforcing method
• Exophthalmos: SJ23, UB2, UBl, GB20 with even movement
• Hot temper, anxiety and sweating: SP6, KD7 with even movement
 N. DISEASES OF EYES, EARS, NOSE AND THROAT :n:~f4

1. DEAFNESS AND TINNITUS: SJ17, GB2, SJ3, GB43

(1) LV & GB FIRE: LV2, GB41
(2) WIND INVASION: SJS, Ll4
(3) KD DEFICIENCY: UB23, DU4, KD3

2. CONGESTION, SWELLING AND PAIN OF THE EYE: UBl, GB20, Taiyang, Ll4, LV2
• Wind-heat: SJS
• LV fire: LV3

3. THICK AND STICKY NASAL DISCHARGE: LU7, Ll4, Ll20, Bitong, Yintang

4. EPISTAXIS: Ll20, Ll4, DU23

(1) LU HEAT: Llll
(2) ST HEAT: ST44
(3) YIN DEFICIENCY WITH FIRE: KDG

5. TOOTHACHE: ST6, ST7

(1) ST FIRE: Ll4, ST44
(2) WIND-FIRE: SJ2, GB20, Ll4, SJS
(3) KD YIN DEFICIENCY: KD3

6. SORE THROAT
(1) EXCESS HEAT: lUll, Ll4, ST44, 5117
(2) YIN DEFICIENCY: Two prescriptions may be used alternatively
@ KD3, LUlO, RN23
@ KDG, LU7, Ll18

7. OPTIC ATROPHY: GB20, UBl, Qiuhou, GB37

(1) LV AND KD DEFICIENCY: LV3, KD3, UB18, UB23
(2) Ql AND BLOOD DEFICIENCY: ST36, SPG
"a

.f
0
;·
(3) LV Ql STAGNATION: LV14, LV3, GB34

~
i c
"a
!l.
c;·
c
z
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c
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m
a
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2.
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en
N

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~
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i
n .,c
c
:I z
., n
-1
a3 c
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.,
n POINT SELECTION FROM FCM
m

31:

ELEMENT PATTERNS PAGE

1 LV PATTERNS 263
- WOOD
2 GB PATTERNS 264
3 HT PATTERNS 265
- FIRE
4 Sl PATTERNS 266
5 SP PATTERNS 267
- EARTH
6 ST PATTERNS 268
7 LU PATTERNS 269
- METAL
8 Ll PATTERNS 270
9 KD PATTERNS 271
- WATER
10 UB PATTERNS 272
11 COMBINED PATTERNS 273
 ~ LIVER PATTERN IDENTIFICATION ~

EXCESS DEFICIENCY DEF + EXCESS

WIND
Ql STAGNATION BLOOD STASIS FIRE DAMP-HEAT COLD BLOOD YANG RISING
HEAT YANG BLOOD

LV3
LV14 RN3 UB18 LV3
GB20
GB24 LVS UB20 SJS
GB34 DU 16
GB34 LVl UB23 SP6
DU20
UB18 UB17 KD3
LV8
UB19 LV8 LV8
LV13 UB18 LV2 LV2
~ UB18
DU9 SP6 GB43
c-g LV14 UB17 GB20 Shixuan SP6
c RN12 ST36 GB38
z SJ6 SPlO Taiyang 513 KD3
!:) PC6 RN6 GB13
SP9 RN4 UB2
c;:11:1 UB17
SP6 Ta iyang
m
UB20
SP3 GB20
UB23
Llll GB9
Ll4
LV2 GB8
GB6

., •Xiao Yao San •Si Wu Tang + Tao •Long Dan Xie Gan •Huang Lian •Tian Ma •Si Wu Tang • Long Dan Xie Gan •Sing Herb: Xiao • Si Wu Tang • Tian Ma Gou Teng
0 •Ban Xia Hou Po Ren, Hong Hua Tang Jie Du T. + Gou Teng + Tian Ma, Ta ng Hui Xiang, Wu Zhu • Suan Zao Ren T. Yin
;:11:1
s:
c Tang Gou Teng, Yin Gou Teng Yu
s; Ju Hua

Hypochondriac and Dark and clotted Irritability, red High Sudden Shaking of Fever, fulln ess chest Hypogastric pain Blurred vision, Headache,
chest distension, menstrual blood, face, red eyes, red temperature, unconscious head, and hypochondrium, referring to scanty periods, irritability, wiry
,.; depression, purple tongue tongue with convulsions, -ness, tremors, nausea, sticky scrotum, dull-pale pulse
m
-< moodiness, wiry yellow coating stiff tongue convulsions, pale tongue yellow coating, wiry-deep-slow complexion, pale
Ill
X pulse deviation of sl ippery pulse pulse tongue
eye/ mouth
I
,
0
..
;·
en J>
n
CD
,cc
..
ii'
n
a· z
n
-a"'
:I
-t
c
::a
m
3
"'3:
n N
01
w
"a

..ff
0
;-
~ GALL BLADDER PATTERN IDENTIFICATION ~ I;
.
f
cs· £)(CESS DEFICJINCV
c
"a
c
-a
::s
"'I DAMP-HEAT
·····
GB
z
n
...c
::a
5I m
"'I
n GB24 GB40
1:
LV14
RN12
GB34
l=i
c'1:1 Dannangxue
c
z DU9
!:1
c UB19
,.,:1:1
UB18
UB20
llll
SJG

0
:1:1
s:
c
•Long Dan Xie Gan Tang
s;
~
~ Hypochondriac pain, bitter taste and thick-sticky yellow coating on the right side Timidity, sighing, lack of courage
~
 ~HEART PATTERN IDENTIFICATION ~

DEFICIENCY EXCESS DEFICIENCY+EXCESS

Ql YANG BLOOD YIN FIRE PHLEGM-FIRE PHLEGM BLOOD STASIS

PC6 HT9
PC6
HTS HT7 HT7
UB15 RN14 PC4
HT8
RN15 HT7
RN17 SP6
RN17
RN6 RN4 RN15
UB14
DU14 UB17 HT6 KD6 PC7 DU26 UB17
~ UB20 SP6 LV3 SP10
c LV2 KD25
'tl
c KD7
z YANG COLLAPSE
KD6 DU20
Q GB13
c
;lll
m RN4 GB15
RN8 DU24
DU4
ST36 PCS
UB23 ST40
DU20 RN12
DU14 UB15
UB20
•Si Jun Zi Tang + •Si Jun Zi Tang + •Gui Pi Tang •Tian Wang Bu Xin •Huang Lian Jie Du •Wen Dan Tang + •Er Chen Tang + •Xue Fu Zhu Yu
., Wu Wei Zi, Fu Zi, Gui Zhi Dan Tang Huang Lia n Dan Nan Xing, Tang (Qi/Biood
0
;lll Huang Qi Yuan Zh i, Yu Jin stagnation, not
3: •Gan Mai Da Zao YANG COLLAPSE from Yang Xu)
c
s; Tang (Zang Zao) •Si Ni Tang + Ren
Shen

Palpitation All the various Mental confusion, Pain in the heart

, ;o::
m
<
Tiredness, empty Feeling of cold, cold Insomnia, poor Mental restlessness, Tongue ulcers,
mental symptoms
and the red tongue
rattling sound in
throat, sticky
region, cyanosis of
lips, purple tongue

.
0
;·
(I)
"'<
3:
~
pulse limbs, deep pulse

YANG COLLAPSE
memory, pa le
tongue
feeling of heat,
malar flush, red
peeled tongue with
thirst, red tongue
with sticky yellow
coating
slippery tongue
coating
,.n
ID 0
,cc
..s·
iD
n
:I
3:
"'
Cyanosis of lips,
hidden-minute
pulse, cold limbs
deep midline crack

z
n
.....
"'I c
a3 ;Ia
m
"'I
n N
en
3: en
., N

..
0
;·
(I)
0'1
0'1

.,~cc
ID ~ SMALL INTESTINE PATTERN IDENTIFICATION ~

..o·
i(')

:::s
EXCESS DEFICIENCY
z
., HEAT Ql PAIN Ql TIED WORMS XU-COLD ~
c
a ::a
.,3
(')
ST39
Not applicable. RN6
m
RN6
3: ST25
512 GB34
ST39
SIS LV3
ST36
HTS SP6
)>
n
UB20
c"1:1 HT8
c LV13 UB27
z ST25
q ST27
c
::a
m ST29

., •Ba Zheng San •Da Jiang Zhong Tang (cold) •Li Zhong Wan
0
::a
s:c + Bai Bu, Bing Lang
s;
;o:: Abdominal pain, tongue ulcers, Lower abdominal twisting pain, Sudden violent abdominal pain, Vomiting worms, desire to eat Abdominal pain, borborygmus,
m
-< scanty-dark-painful urination borborygmus, deep-wiry pulse constipation, vomiting, deep- strange objects, itchy anus, diarrhea
Ill
X wiry pulse constant hunger
 ~SPLEEN PATTERN IDENTIFICATION ~

DEFICIENCY EXCESS

Ql YANG QI-SINKING CONTROL BLOOD COLD-DAMP DAMP-HEAT

SP6

RN12 SP9
ST36
SP3
UB20
~ UB21
c-g
c
z
n
-1
c;ll:l SP9 DU20 SPlO RN12 DU9
m
RN9 RN6 UB17 SP3 Llll
ST28 ST21 SPl ST8 UB20
UB22 DUl GB34

., • Si Jun Zi Tang •Li Zhong Wan • Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang • Gu i Pi Tang •Ping Wei San •Wu Ling San
0
;ll:l •Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San + Yin Chen Hao
~
c (with exterior W-C)
>
No appetite, tiredness, Loose stools, chilliness, Bearing down sensation, Fine pulse, pale tongue, Stuffiness of chest and Sticky-yellow coating,
loose stools cold limbs and tiredness weak pulse and bleeding epigastrium, feel ing of loose stools with offensive
"-<
m heaviness and sticky odor and low-grade fever
VI
X
tongue coating

.,
..
0
;·
til
:1>
n
CD
.,
c
..s·
i
n
:I
c
z
n
-t
., c
:::a
a m
.,3
n N
~
3: .....
 ,~cc
~ STOMACH PATTERN IDENTIFICATION ~

DEFICIENCY EXCESS

-a
"'I
Ql XU-COLD YIN
FIRE OR
PHLEGM-FIRE
COLD invading Ql rebellion FOOD retention BLOOD stasis
z
n
-1
c
3
"'I
n
ST36 ST21 =
1: RN12 RN13
UB21
RNlO
RN6 SP6 ST44 ST34
~ SP3 ST45 SP4
c
"0
c UB20 SP6 ST44 ST34
z
q RN12 ST45 SPlO
c
:Ill
m PC6 UB17
UB18

PC6
SP4
., •Si Jun Zi Tang •Li Zhong Wan •Bai Hu Tang •Da Jian Zhong T. •Bao He Wan
0 •Ju Pi Zhu Ru T. (ST fire)
:Ill
:5: (Qi Xu + ST heat) •Huang Lian Jie Du
c Tang (Phlegm-Fire)
~
Tiredness in the Discomfort in the Epigastric pain, dry Burning sensation Sudden pain in Nausea, belching, Epigastric fullness, Stabbing pain in
morning, epigastrium which mouth, red tongue epigastrium, thirst epigastrium, vomiting, hiccup sour regurgitation, the epigastrium,
uncomfortable is better after peeled in the with desire to drink vomiting, feeling thick coating vomiting of dark
feeling in the eating, tiredness, center or with cold liquids, thick cold, deep-tight blood
epigastrium, empty cold limbs rootless coating in yellow coating, red pulse
::00:
m pulse on the ST the center tongue
< position
!Q •PHLEGM-FIRE:
Less thirst, mucus
in stools, mental
derangement, sticky
coating, rolling
pulse
 ~ LUNG PATTERN IDENTIFICATION ~

DEFICIENCY EXCESS

Ql YIN DRYNESS WIND-COLD WIND-HEAT WIND-WATER DAMP-PHLEGM PHLEGM-HEAT PHLEGM-FLUIDS

LU9 Ll4 LUS, UB13

UB12 RN12, ST40

RN4
LU7
LU7 KD6 DU16 LU7 LU9
LUl
~ RN6 RN12 Ll6 RN 17
c-g
c ST36 Ll7 UB43
z
q RN17 SP6 LU7 Ll11 RN9 RN17 LUlO ST36
c;1:1
UB43 LUll UB13 PC6 Ll11 RN9
'"
LUlO DU14 RN22
GB20 RN9
UB20
UB13
DU12

•Si Jun Zi Tang •Sheng Mai San •Ma Huang Tang •Sang Ju Yin •Ma Huang Tang •Er Chen Tang • Ding Chuan T.
.., + Huang Qi, (LU Qi/Yin) + •Zhi Sou San + Gan Jiang,
0 Wu Wei Zi Sha Shen, (lingering cough) Xi Xin
;1:1
s:c •Yu Ping Feng Bai He
> San (Wei Qi
deficiency)

SOB, weak voice, Dry cough, Dry cough, dry Aversion to cold, Fever, aversion Sudden swell ing Chronic cough Cough, yellow or Cough with white
bright-white feeling of heat in throat, hoarse sneezing, floating to cold, sore of face, aversion w ith profuse green sputum, watery-frothy
;II:

, '"
<
VI
complexion,
empty pulse
the afternoon,
red-peeled
voice, dry tongue pulse
which is not red
throat, floating
rapid pulse
to wind, floating- white sputum,
slippery pulse thick-sticky white
t hick-sticky yellow sputum
coating, rapid

..
2.
:II
(II
X
tongue tongue coating slippery pulse
~
n
ID
,cc
..
iD
n
c;·
:II
z
n
-t
'ft c
a3 ::a
m
'ft
n N
en
3: CQ
.,.
..
0
;·
en
CD w LARGE INTESTINE PATTERN IDENTIFICATION w ~
..
i'
n
iS' EXCESS DEFICIENCY
.,.c
c
-a
:I

"1'1 DAMP-HEAT HEAT HEAT OBSTRUCT COLD DRY COLLAPSE COLD

z
n
-1
c
:Ill
3 m
"1'1 ST36
n ST37, ST25, SP6
1:

Llll ST25, RN6, UB20

ST36 SP6
LV3 KD6
RN12 ST37
Ll4 ST27 RN4 SP3
iii;
c: SPlS UB21 UB25
"1:1
c:
z SJ6 DU20
q SP9 RN4
c:
::Ill
m RN3 KD6
UB22
UB17
UB20
UB25
ST44
Ll2

., •Huang Lian Jie Du T. •Tao He Cheng Qi T. •Da Cheng Qi Tang •Da Jian Zhong Tang •Tia Wei Cheng Qi •Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang •Li Zhong Wan
0 + Ge Gen (blood stasis) •Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Tang + Bai Shao,
::Ill
3: •Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Xing Ren
c:
!; Tang

Abdominal pain, Dry stools, burning Constipation, Sudden abdominal Dry stools which are Chronic diarrhea, Loose stool, cold
diarrhea with mucus sensation in anus, abdominal pain, fever, pain, diarrhea, feeling difficult to discharge, prolapse anus limbs, fine pulse
:=oc:
m & blood in the stools thick-yellow-dry coating thick-dry-yellow of cold thin body
<
~ coating, big pulse
 ~ KIDNEY PATTERN IDENTIFICATION ~

DEFICIENCY DEFICIENCY + EXCESS

YIN YANG Ql RECEIVE Ql ESSENCE WATER EMPTY-FIRE

KD3, RN4 SP6

DU4, UB23
KD6 DU4 RN4
KDlO KD7 KD3
KD9 UB52, Jinggong KD6 UB23 KD6
SP6 UB22 KD2
RNl UB20 KD9
~ RN6 LU7 GB39
c RN9 KDlO
"'0
c KD7 ST36 DU20
z
n
ST28 HTS
-1
RN6 DU14
c;ll:l SP9 LU7
RN17 UBlS
m LUlO
KD25 UBll
.._ Water ==? HT
DU12
DU14(moxa ), UBlS
KD7

.._ Water ==? LU

LU7, UB13, DU12

•Liu Wei Di Huang •Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan •Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan •Si Jun Zi Tang •Liu Wei Di Huang •Zhen Wu Tang • Liu Wei Di Huang W.
.., Wan + Lian Zi, Qian Shi + Hu Tao Ren Wan + Lu Rong, + Zhi Mu, Huang Bai
0 •Liu Wei Di Huang W. Gui Ban
;ll:l
s:c + Wu Wei Zi

> •Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang

Dry mouth at night, Cold in the back, Dribbling after SOB on exertion, •Children: Poor bone Edema of ankles, Malar flush, mental
night sweating, red abundant-clear urination, nocturnal sweating, clear development deep-weak pulse, restlessness, dry throat
peeled tongue urination, pale tongue, emissions without urination •Adult: weak knees, pa le-swollen tongue at night, feeling of
"a "m< deep pulse dreams falling hair, wea k •Water -7 HT: heat in the afternoon,
..
0
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VI
X
sexual activity + palpitation
•Water -7 LU:
red-peeled tongue
l>
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+ thin-watery-frothy
sputum "cc
"a
c;· z
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3:
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....
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.....
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ID ~ BLADDER PATTERN IDENTIFICATION ~

..
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c;· EXCESS DEFICIENCY

-a
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"1'1 DAMP-HEAT DAMP-COLD COLD

z
!lc
a UB28 ~
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n
i:
UB23
SP~ SP~ UB2~ RN3
DU4
RN4
.,c:c:~ UB63 ST28
z
q UB66 RN9
c:
;Ill
m

..,
0
;Ill
s::
c:
•Ba Zheng San •Wu Ling San + Bai Zhu •Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan

>
:;10;
~ Burning on urination, dark urine, difficult urination Difficult urination, feeling of heaviness, turbid urine Frequent-pale-abundant urination
~
 ~ COMBINED PATTERN IDENTIFICATION ~

LIVER SPLEEN KIDNEY

SP+LV BLOOD SP DAMP KD+HT NOT

LV • SP LV • ST LV FIRE • LU SP+LU Ql XU KD+LV YIN XU KD+LU YIN XU KD+SP YANG XU
xu + LV Ql YU HARMONIZED

SP3 KD3
LV14
UB20 RN4

ST36 KD6
LV13
UB21 KD7
GB34 LV2 RN12 HT7
ST36 LV13 LV8 HT6 UB23
RN17 LU7
LU9 LV14 UB23 HTS DU4
RN22 LV8 UB43
l> UB13 GB24 UB20 Yintang UB20
n PC6 UB18 LU9
c LV3 RN13 GB34 UB17 UBlS UB21
"CC
LU7 DU12 UB17 LUl
c ST36
z RN6 RNlO Llll UB18 RNlS
!:l
c RN12 UB21 UBlO GB13 RN6
::0
m SP6 DU20 DU24 ST37
KDlO ST25
KD9 UB25
PC6

SP6 SP6

...0 •Xiao Yao San •Si Ni San •Long Dan Xie

Gan Tang
•Si Jun Zi Tang •Si Wu Tang
+ Huang Qi,
•Xiao Yao San •Liu Wei Di
Huang Wan
•Liu Wei Di
Huang Wan +
•Tian Wang Bu
Xin Dan
•Si Shen Wan
(diarrhea)
::0
~ Wu Wei Zi Mai Men
c Dong, Wu Wei
> Zi
Alternation of Irrita bi Iity, Breathlessness, No appetite, Dizziness, loose Stuffy/fullness Dry eyes, dry Dry cough, Palpitations, Chronic
constipation hypochondriac asthma, tiredness and stools and pale of epigastrium, throat, night feeling of heat insomnia, night diarrhea,
., "<m and diarrhea,
abdominal
pain, and
rebellious ST Qi
hypochondriac
fullness,
breathlessness or orangy side
of the tongue
hypochondriac
pain and a
sweating,
scanty menses,
in the evening,
night sweating,
sweating,
red-peeled
chil liness,
fee ling of cold

..:i'
0

en
Ill
X distension and
pain
symptoms headache, wiry
pulse
thick-sticky-
yellow tongue
coating
red-peeled
tongue
red-peeled
tongue
tongue with
redder tip and
midline crack
in the back,
deep-weak-slow
pulse
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in POINT SELECTION FROM SHANGHAI
....c;·
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., EMERGENCY ACUPUNCTURE
~
a3 PRINCIPAL POINTS SUPPLEMENTARY POINTS c
:::a
DROWNING RNl, DU25, PC6, KDl LU9, 513, ST36
m
(I)
Q
::z: MILD DU14, Llll, Ll4, ST43, LV3 ST36, PC6, RN12, SP4
HEAT EXHAUSTION
OR SUNSTROKE DU20, PC8, KDl, PC6, Yiming, 5T36, 513, GB34, UB57, UB56, Jinjin
SEVERE DU26, 5hixuan, the 12 Jing-well points, PC3, UB40
& Yuye, RN6, RN8, LU9, KD7
FEBRILE Yintang, Taiyang 5ifeng, 5hixuan (bleeding), DU14, DU12, Llll, Ll4 PC8, 5J5, KDl
CONVULSIONS
NON-FEBRILE DU14, DU8, 513, GB34 DU12, Ll4, Anmian, LV3, DU26
CLOSED DU25, PC6 DU26, PC9, KDl, ST36
SHOCK
ABANDONED DU20, RN6, RN4, DU25, LU9, KD7 L14, PC8, 5T36

COMA DU26, Shixuan, Ll4, LV3 DU14, PC6, ST40, KDl

FAINTING DU26, PC9, 5T36 Llll, Ll4, 513-?PCS, KDl

INFECTIOUS DISEASE
PRINCIPAL POINTS SUPPLEMENTARY POINTS

COMMON COLD •• WIND-COLD: GB20, LU7, 5J5

WHOOPING COUGH (PERTUSSIS)
CONTAGIOUS PAROTITIS (MUMPS)
BACTERIAL DYSENTERY
WIND-HEAT: GB20, DU14, Llll, Ll4
Ll20, Bitong, Yintang, Taiyang, RN22, 5T40, UB12, UB13, Jiaji
(C5-T4)
5ifeng, PC6, Ll4 DU14, DU12, LU9, 5T40
5J17, 5T6, Ll4 Llll, LUll, Lll, 5P10, 5P6, LV8, LV2
5T37 (or 5T36), 5T25 Zhixie, Llll, PC6, RN4

INFECTIOUS HEPATITIS
DU14, DU9, UB18, UB19, UB20, The corresponding Jiaj i may also
be used
•• GB34, 5T36
5P9, 5P6
SEQUEL OF INFANTILE PARALYSIS DU4, DU3, Jiaji (Ll-LS), On the affected side, add UB31, UB32,
UB54, Jianxi, Linghou, UB39, UB40, ST41, Naoqing
(POLIO) GB30, UB37, 5T32, 5T36, GB34
MALARIA DU14, DUB, PC6, PCS, Jiaji (Tender spots from T3-T12) Llll, 5Pl 0, GB34, KD7
FILARIAL ELEPHANTIASIS 5T36, 5T39, 5P9, 5P6, the points of greatest swelling
FILARIASIS
CHYLURIA RN4, 5P6
SCHISTOSOMIASIS Zhongjiaoshu, Xiajiaoshu

PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS UB13, DU14, LUG, 5T36, Jiehexue 5P4, LU9, KD3, LUl, UB17, HT6, HT7, RN12, 5T25, 5P6, UB23,
RN4, RN17
SCROFULA Bailao, 5J10, Zhoujian, the vicinity of the affected lymph node
 INTERNAL AND PEDIATRIC DISEASES
PRINCIPAL POINTS SUPPLEMENTARY POINTS
BRONCHITIS Dingchuan, UB12, UB13, Ll4 Llll, DU14, LUS, LU7, ST40, Jiaji (C7-T6)
BRONCHIAL ASTHMA Dingchuan, RN22, RN21, RN17 ST40, DU14, Ll4, RN4, ST36
1. Regulate gastro-intestinal function: RN12, ST25, RN6, ST36
2. Strengthen the Source Qi: RN4, ST29, RN6

CHRONIC HEART FAILURE •• 1st group: PC6, PCS, HT8

2nd group: PC6, PC4, PC3
3. Facilitate urination and eliminate edema: RN9, ST28, KD7, KDS,
UB58, SP9, RN3-7RN2
4. Treat distension of the LV: LV3, LV13, UB18
5. Relieve panting, suppress the coughing and eliminate phlegm:
UB13, RN22, KD27, RN17, HT8, Ll4
LV2, Taiyang, SJ17, HT7, Anm ian#2, SP6, KD3, GB34, SP9, ST40,
HYPERTENSION GB20, Llll, ST36, LV3
PC6, RN4, RN6
RN12, UB21, RN14, ST40, SP6, LV3, RNll, SP4, UB20, UB17, RN4,
STOMACH-ACHE PC6, ST36
ST43, ST44, SP9, Jiaji (T8-T12)
PROLAPSED STOMACH Weishang, RN4, RN6, ST36
SIMPLE GOITER Qiying, Ll4, Jiaji (C3-CS) RN22, Llll, GB20, SJ3
HT6, KD7, Shangtianzhu, PC6, Ll4, LV3, HT7, Anmian, UB2, ST2,
HYPERTHYROIDISM PCS, SP6, Qiying, Jiaji (C3-CS)
GB20
DIABETES MELLITUS Yishu, UB13, UB20, UB23, ST36, KD3 Llll, LU10, UB17, UB21, RN12, Pire, RN4, KD7, KDS

•• Jaw: ST7, 5119, SJ17, Ll4

Vertebrae: Jiaji (corresponding to pain), UB37, UB40, DU26
•• Shoulder: Ll15, SJ14, Jianneiling, Sill, SJ3, GB34
Elbow: Llll, SJlO, Ll4
• Wrist, metacarpal, fingers: SJS Ll10, LIS, SJ4, 514, PC7,
Shangbaxie, Sifeng • For symptoms associated with Heart Blockage: PC4, PC6, HT7 .
ARTHRITIS
•• Lumbosacral: DU3, Shiqizhuixia, UB30, UB26, UB40, UB60
Sacroiliac: UB27, UB28, Local points
In addition, consult treatment for rheumatic heart disease.

•• Hip: GB30, GB29, GB34, GB39

Knee: Heding, Xixia, ST35, ST34, ST36, GB34, SP9
•• Ankle: ST41, GB40, KD3, UB60, GB35, KD8
Metatarsophalangeal: Shangbafeng, SP4, UB65, GB38, SPS

TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA Taiyang, UB2, ST2, ST7, Jiachengjiang Ll4, ST44, LV3, ST36, SJS, KD3, GB20
FACIAL PARALYSIS GB20, GB14, ST4, ST2, Ll4 DU26, Jiachengjiang, Taiyang, ST7, ST36, ST44, Ll19
UB31, UB32, UB54, UB57, GB39, UB60, GB41, jiaji (L2-LS), Ashi
SCIATICA UB2~ UB3~ GB3~ UB3~ UB37, UB40, GB34
points
"'I

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:;·
(I)
~
MULTIPLE
NEURITIS
UPPER LIMB

LOWER LIMB
Ll15, Llll, SJS, Ll4
GB30, GB34, GB39, SP6
Baxie, SJ4, 516, 513, HT3
SP3, SP7, ST36, ST41, Bafeng :1>
n
Jiaji or Associated points 1 to 2 vertebrae above and below the c:
..c;·
i
n
:I
PARAPLEGIA

INTERCOSTAL NEURALGIA
spinal injury, bilaterally
SJ6, LVS, GB34, Jiaji (corresponding to the level of pain) LV14, GB40, LV2, LV3, UB18, UB17, LV13, ST40, SP9, PC6
"'I
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SPASM OF THE DIAPHRAGM
(HICCUP)
RN22, UB17, PCG RN12, RN17, 5T36, RN14, LV2, 5T44, RN4, RNG, 5T25 c
~

••
CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT CLOSED acute type: DU26, KDl, PC8, GB20, PCG, Ll4, 12 well c
:a (STROKE} ABANDONED acute type: Points above + RN4, RNG, 5T36
PC7, LV2, 5T25, 5T37, RN17, UB23, DU4, LV3, GB34, RN22, 5T40 z
n
'II UB62, KDG, PCG or PCS, HT7 or HTS, Ll4, LV3, 5P6, GB34, RN14, -t
a3 SEIZURES (EPILEPSY) DU16, GB20, DU26, DU14, Yaoqi
RN12, 5T40, DU24
c
::a
m
(I) Ll4, LU7, 5JS, DU16, LV2, GB40, KD3, 513, GB41, UBGS, UB2,
HEADACHE GB20, Taiyang, DU20, LV3, GB8, 5J3
(j) GB14, 5T8, RN12, 5T40, RNG, RN4, UBlO
::z:
GB20, DU20, 5J23, RN12, UB20, UB18, 5P6, UBlS, UB23, DU4,
NEURASTHENIA PCG, HT7, Yintang, Anmian, 5T36, KD3
RN4, RNG, LV2, PC4
Ll4, LV3, LUll, LVl, KDl, 5P6, Llll, GB34, GB30, Yi long, 5J21,
HYSTERIA PCG, HT7, DU26, 513
5J17, KD4, RN22, UBl, 5J23, DU20, KDG

• MADNESS: Dingshen, DU14, GB20, RN15-7RN13, PCS-7 5J6,

5T40 5119, 5J17, UBl, Anmian, UB39, UB18, Ll4, Hubian, GB34, LVS,
PSYCHOSIS (SCHIZOPHRENIA}
• INSANITY: DUlS, RNll, PCG, HTS, SPG, DU20-7Sishenchong,
Yintang
LV3, LU l l , PC8, KD4, HT7

PCG, Ll4, LV3, SP9, SPG, Llll, GB34, RN4, RNG, UB20, UB23, LUll,
INDIGESTION 5T36, 5T25, RN12, Sifeng
LUS, UB40
ENURESIS RN4, 5P6 DU20, RNG, RN3, 5P9, UB23, UB20, 5T36, LU7

SURGICAL AND DERMATOLOGICAL DISEASES

PRINCIPAL POINTS SUPPLEMENTARY POINTS
ERYSIPELAS DU14, Llll, 5T43, UB40 Taiyang, PCG, ST36

FURUNCLE (BOIL}
ACUTE MASTITIS
TETANUS
ACUTE APPENDICITIS
ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
ACUTE PERFORATION OF GASTRIC
AND DUODENAL ULCER
•• Loca I point s
Acute lymphangitis: let blood & incise the head of furuncle
DU12, DUlO, L14, UB40 (bleeding)
•• High fever: Llll, DU14
Disorientation, delirium: DU26, 5hixuan, 518, PC4
RN17, 511, ST18 PCG, 5J10
GB20, DU26, LV3 Ll4, 513, ST7
Lanweixue, ST37, 5T36 Ll4, PCG, Llll, ST25
ST37, 5T39, RN4, 5T25 UB25, PCG, 5T36
RN13, RN12, 5T21, 5T25, PCG, 5T36, Ashi point

ACUTE DISEASE OF 1ST GROUP Danangxue, PCG GB34, ST36, GB24 on the right side, and Jiaji (T8-T9)
THE BILIARY TRACT
(Cholecystitis, Gall
Stones, Round Worm) 2ND GROUP Ll20, ST2 ST36, Llll, DU26

HEMORRHOIDS UB30, DUl, UB57

PROLAPSED RECTUM DUl, UB57 UB30, DU20
 ••
Upper limb: Llll-7 HT3, SJS-7PC6, Jiaji (C6-T3)
BUERGER'S DISEASE Shangbaxie, Shangbafeng
Lower lim b: GB34-7SP9, GB39-7SP6, Jiaji {Ll-L3), Xiajiaoshu
URINARY TRACT INFECTION UB23, UB28, RN3, SP6 UB32, LV8
RENAL COLIC UB23, SP6 UBS2 KD3
PROSTATITIS UB23, UB28, RN4, SP6
SPERMATORRHEA RN4, SP6 PCS, UB23
IMPOTENCE RN4, SP6, LVS HT7, DU4
URINARY RETENTION, INCONTINENCE UB32, UB39, RN3 or SP6, UB23, UB33
ACUTE SPRAIN OF LOWER BACK DU26, UB40, KD2
CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN Ashi, UB40, UB60 UB22, UB23, Yaoyan
DISEASES AFFECTING THE SOFT
LllS, Sill, SJ14, Jianneiling, Ll16 Llll, L14, LUS, LU9, SJ9, SJ4
TISSUES OF THE SHOULDER
TENDINITIS OF THE ELBOW As hi Ll4, LllO
STENOSING-TENOSYNOVITIS
As hi LUS, LU7, Ll4
OF THE RADIAL STYLOID PROCESS
TENOSYNOVITIS OF THE FLEXOR
As hi
DIGITORUM MUSCLE
TENOSYNOVIAL CYST Locality of the cyst
INJURIES TO THE SOFT TISSUES
Xiyan {both medial and lateral), UB40, Ashi
OF THE KNEE
INJURIES TO THE SOFT TISSUES
Points of tenderness GB39, SP6
OF THE ANKLE
STIFF NECK Luozhen, Ashi Sl3, GB39
CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME PC7, Shangbaxie PC6, SJS
PAIN AT THE SOLE OF THE FOOT Ashi UBS7, KD3, UB60
ECZEMA DU14, Llll, SP6, HT7 SPl O, ST36
URTICARIA Llll, SPlO, SP6, ST36 DU14, SP9

NEURODERMATITIS
Llll, SPlO Ll4, SP6, Ashi
{CHRONIC LICHEN SIMPLEX)

., FROSTBITE Perimeter of the frostbite with shallow pricking insertion -7 Moxa • Large surface of body: DU14, DU26, KDl. Treat once daily

.
0
;·
LEPROSY SP4, KDl, KD2, ST36, ST21 LUlO, Llll, Ll lO, 518, UB57, ST40, GB34, SP9

.,c:c:~
Ul
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ID OBSTETRIC AND GYNECOLOGICAL DISEASES
..o·
i
n
IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION RN4, 5P6
PRINCIPAL POINTS SUPPLEMENTARY POINTS
5Pl0, LV2, 5T36, 5P4, LV3, DU4, PC6
:I z
., AMENORRHEA UB23, RN7, 5P6 UB17, 5P10, 5T30, 5P8, LV8 n
....
a3 DYSMENORRHEA RN4, 5P6 5T29, RN7, 5T36, UB23, RN6
c
::a
RN7, 5P6, UB20, UB18, 5P1
m
en ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING DU4, RN4, 5P10, LV1, DU20
G')
::1: PROLAPSE OF UTERUS DU20, 5T30, GB28, 5P6 RN6, 5P9, LV3, LV8
LEUKORRHEA GB26, 5P6, RN6 LV2, 5P9, RN4, 5T36
MORNING SICKNESS RN12, PC6, 5P4 LV3, 5T44, 5T40
MALPOSITION OF FETUS UB67
INDUCTION OF LABOR UB31, UB32, Ll4, 5P6
INSUFFICIENT LACTATION RN17, 5T18, 511 UB18, UB20, 5T36

ARTIFICIAL 1ST GROUP L14, SP6 DU1, 5P9

ABORTION 2ND GROUP Ll4, SP6 UB67

DISEASES OF THE EYES EARS NOSE AND THROAT

' '
PRINCIPAL POINTS SUPPLEMENTARY POINTS
MYOPIA GB20, Ll4, UB1, 5Tl
COLOR BLINDNESS GB20, Ll3, UB2, Waiming
GLAUCOMA GB20, UB2, GB1, Ll4, LV3, KD3, 5P6, UB18 UB63, UB62, LV2, ST36
CONJUNCTIVITIS GB20, Taiyang, Ll4 UB1, GB8
ELECTRIC OPTHALMIA Ll4, GB20, Taiyang UB1, UB2, ST2, GB37
OPTIC NEURITIS OR ATROPHY GB20, Qiuhou, UB1, Ll4 5Tl, UB18, UB23, ST36, GB37

STRABISMUS •• Internal: GB20, Ll4, Qiuhou

External: GB20, Ll4, Jianming
AURAL VERTIGO (MENIERE'S DISEASE) GB20, LV3, 5J17, 5119, PC6 5T36, RN12, KD3, Anmian
DEAF-MUTISM 5J21, 5119, GB2, 5J17, DU15, RN23 Ll4, 5J3, 5JS
TINNITUS, DEAFNESS 5J17, GB20, 5J3 LV2, 5T40, KD3, UB23
RHINITIS Yintang, Ll4, Ll20, Bitong
CHRONIC SINUSITIS Ll20, UB2, UB7 GB30, Ll4, LV2, LU7
ACUTE TONSILLITIS 5117, LUll, Ll4, Llll
TOOTHACHE L14, ST6, 5T7 5T44, KD3
 POINT SELECTION FROM ACUPUNCTURE CASE HISTORIES FROM CHINA

CHAPTER 1 : GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE

PAGE DISORDER CHINESE POINT SELECTION
21 Abdominal Distention from Stagnant LV Qi Gu Zhang Waft CV17, CV12, LV13, PC6, ST36, SP6, LV3, SP4
24 Abdominal Dist ention from Stagnant LV Qi Gu Zhang Waft ST36, SP6, LV4, CV9, CV6, CV3, UB18, UB20, UB23, UB28
26 Abdominal Distention from Damp-Heat (Paralytic ileus) Gu Zhang Waft ST25, ST37, PC6, ST36

••
Moxa: at UB13, UB43, CV12, ST36
29 Asthmatic Condition (Bronchial Asthma) Xiao Zheng IIJI]O
Acupuncture: at CV22, CV17, LU7, ST40
32 Collapse from Roundworm (Biliary Ascariasis) Hui Jue !.!!~ GB34, CV12, UB19, GB24, ST36
35 Constipation Sian Bi iJ!Iti\ UB20, UB21, ST36, TB6, ST37

••
37 Drain LUS, LUlO, LU6, Llll, UB17
Coughing of Blood (Pulmonary Tuberculosis) Ka Xue "!'.llll
Tonify SP6

••
Principal: LV3, KD3, PC7, LV8
39 Dizziness from Ascendant LV Yang (Hypertension) Xuan Yun tt• Supplemental: Llll, ST40
41 Dysentery-Like Disorder (Bacillary Dysentery) Li Ji jji]~ Llll, ST25, ST37, Ll4
43 Epigastric Pain and Distention (Gastroptosis) Wei Zhang Tong 111111110; CV12-7CV10 ; ST21-7ST23 ; CV6-7CV4 ; ST36
45 Fever from Internal Disharmonies (Fever of Unknown Origin) Nei Shang Fa Re ~!IR~ CV12, CV6, ST36, UB20, UB21, Llll, GV20
1. KD3, PCS, STlO, UBlO, UB2 2. KD7, ST36, CV22, PC6, GBl
3. KD6, SP6, Ll4, Llll, STlO 4. KD3, LV3, ST40, STlO, UBlO
48 Goiter (Hyperthyroidism) Ying Bing Jlli!i ..........

5. KD7, ST36, PCS, CV22 6. KD6, PC6, LV3, STlO, UBlO

7. KD3, SP6, Ll4, ST40, CV22
51 Heart Pain (coronary Artery Disease) Xin Tong -L.-10; PC6, SP4, UBlS, CV14, ST36, SP6
53 Hiccough E Ni P]il~ LV3, UB18, UB17, CV22, CV17, CV12, PC6
55 Impotence (Male Infertility) Yang Wei IIIJJ CV4, SP6

58 Impotence Yang Wei !!Ill •• Principal: CV6, CV4, UB23, GV4, SP6, ST29, UB32, LV3
Supplemental: UBlS, UB18, UB19, ST36, KD3
60 Inhibited Orgasm Yang Qiang !Ill~ CV2, LVll, LVl

., 62 Insomnia Bu Mei 'fill HT7, KD3, UB14, UBlS, UB23, Anmian

..:;·
0

(I)
65
67
Pain in the Ribs (Gallstone)
Painful Obstruction of the Chest (Angina Pectoris)
Xie Tong 1!1J10i

Xiong Bi .!G;Jjjlf
Ear Seed: GB, Pancreas, LV, Sympathetic, SP, ST, TB and Shenmen
UBlS, UB14(-), PC6, HTS, ST40(-), ST36{+), CV17
,.
(")
CD 70 .,
c
.. Painful Urinary Dysfunction (Renal Calculus) UB23, UB28, UB20, CV4, CV3, SP6, KD8, SPlS
Lin Zheng ;!;11]0
i
n 72 Palpitations (Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia) Xin Ji {.·tt PC6, HT7, SP6 c
c;· z
-.,
:I

a
75
78
Palpitations (Ventricular Septal Defect)
Pulseless Syndrome (Takayasu's Syndrome)
Xin Ji •i:.'tt

Wu Mai Zheng l!!\Jiii]O

PC6, HT7, CV17, ST36, CV6, SP6, KD6, UB14, UBlS, UB17
HT3, HTS, HT7, PC3, PC6, PC7
(")
-t
c
::ICI
m
,.3
(")
:z:
 N
"a

..
0
:r =
N

tn
ID CHAPTER 5 DISORDERS OF THE SKIN ~
..
iD
n
c;·
:I
PAGE
233
DISORDER
Damp Tinea - Like Rash (Eczema)
CHINESE
Shi Xuan i!l.lil L111, TBS, SP10, ST37, SP9
POINT SELECTION c
"a
c
z
., 236 Numbness of the Skin (lateral Femoral Cutaneous Neuritis) Pi Fu Ma Mu JlZ. IiiM* local points, 1 needle in the center, 4 needles around it n
-t
c
0 238 Purple Patches (Thrombocytopenic Purpura) Zi Ban ~ill SP10, SP6, GV14 ::a
3 m
240 Skin Rash Pi Zhen ll1.1fi Drain UB13, PC7 ; Even UB17 ; Tonify SP6 ; Plum-blossom directly on the rashes
Jlo
n Snake-Creeping Red Papules (Herpes Zoster) She Dan tt:l'l- GB20, UB40, PC7, Lll1, Local needling at the affected site
:z: 242
244 White Thorns (Acne Vulgaris) Fen Ci ffl~IJ SP10, Ll1, UB17, SP6, Ll4, GV14,

CHAPTER 6 WOMEN"S DISORDERS

PAGE DISORDER CHINESE POINT SELECTION
249 Abdominal Mass (Inflammation of the Adnexa Uteri) Zheng Jia lilifl CV4, CV3, ST28, ST29, SP8, SP13, SP6, ST36
252 Abnormal Menstruation Vue Jing Shi Tiao JH'I'1c!Jil Even CV17, PC6, GB34, LV3, SP6 ; Tonify CV4, ST36
25S Breast Abscess (Acute Mastitis) Ru Yang ~~~ GB21, ST36, PC6, GV14, Bloodletting on the back
257 Breast Masses (Fibrocystic Breast Disease) Ru Pi ~ff CV17, 511, GB21, Ll4, LV3, LV8, ST36
260 Eye Pain During Menstruation (Periodic Keratitis) Xing Jing Mu Tong li'*'l' § II UB18, UB23, LV8, SP6, KD2, LV2, Local points include UB1, UB2, Taiyang
262 Infertility (Tubal Occlusion) Bu Yun Zheng 'l'!1>llE CV4, ST28, ST29, ST36, SP6, LV3
265 Itching of the Vulva (Senile Vaginitis) Yin Yang ~ If LV11, LV8, CV1, SP10

267 Menopausal Syndrome Geng Nian Qi Zong He Zheng i!! 'f-liJll*il-llE •• Group 1: KD6, KD3, SP4, SP10, PC6
Group 2: KD7, SP6, CV4, PC7, LV3
270 Painful Menstruation Tong jing liU'I' LV14, LV3, CV6, SP6
272 Vaginal Bleeding Beng Lou AI!"" GV20, CV4, SP10, ST36, SP6
274 Vaginal Discharge Bai Dai 1'3'* CV4, SP9, SP6, UB31, GB26
276 Vomiting During Pregnancy Ren Shen Ou Tu llffli>'Vl'i ST36, PC6, SP4

CHAPTER 7 CHILDREN"S DISORDERS

PAGE DISORDER CHINESE POINT SELECTION
281 Childhood Hyperactivity Xiao Er Duo Dong Zheng •H~ ~ibllE GV20, Sishencong, PC6, HT7, LV8, LV3, SP6
284 Enuresis Yi Niao ill* GV20, UB13, UB20, ST36, SP6, CV6, CV4 ; moxa CV6, CV4
287 Excessive Childhood Salivation Xiao Er Liu Xian •HVltJ!: ST36, CV12, CV6, ST4, CV24, CV23
 CHAPTER 3 · PAIN .
PAGE DISORDER CHINESE POINT SELECTION
155 Crane's Knee Wind (Rheumatoid Arthritis) He Xi Feng iUUl UBll, UB17, UB23, GV4, CV6, 5P10, Heding, 5T35, Xiyan, 5T34, GB34, 5P9

157 Facial Pain (Trigeminal Neuralgia) Tau Tong Blllili •• Bloodletting: TB18, t he 12 well points, Taiyang
Needling: bilateral GV16, GB20, Ll4, LU7 ; right TB17
160 Headache from Phlegm-Dampness Tau Tong Blilili GV20, Taiyang, GB20, PC6, 5P4, 5P9, ST40, Llll, ST44, ST36
162 Headache from Stagnation of Qi and Blood Tau Tong nlilili Yintang, GB8, GB20, Ll4, TB8, ST37, Taiyang
164 Lower back pain from invasion of Damp-Cold Yao Tong !l!lili UB23, UB25, UB40, Jiaji (T7,9,11)
166 Lower back pain from Trauma (Acute lumbar Sprain) Yao Tong !l!lili UB23, UB25, UB26, Yaoyi, UB40
168 Lower back pain from Trauma (Acute lumbar Sprain) Yao Tong !l!lili UB40, UB59, UB23, UB25, UB65
171 Painful Obstruction (Ankylosing Spondylitis) Bi Zheng INIIE GV14, UB17, UB20, UB23, CV6, 5T36, 5P6
174 Painful Obstruction (Cervical Disc Degeneration) Bi Zheng INIIE GV14 Jiaji (CS-C6}, UBlO, 5114, UB14, GB21, Sill, LllS, L14, Llll
176 Painful Obstruction (Cervical Disc Degeneration) Bi Zheng INIIE GV14, UB11, LllS, Llll, Ll4
178 Painful Obstruction {lateral Humeral Epicondylitis) Bi Zheng INIIE Ll11, L14, Points of tenderness
180 Painful Obstruction {Perifocal Inflammation of Shoulder) Bi Zheng INIIE 5T38, UB57, Jian Nei Ling, LllO, TBS, LllS, TB14
183 Painful Obstruction (Sciatica) Bi Zheng INIIE Jiaji (L4-LS}, Ashi point on the buttock, GB30, UB57, UB37, UB40, GB34, GB40, UB64
186 Painful Obstruction (Senile Panarthralgia) Bi Zheng IN ~ GB20, UBlO, Ll11, TBS, Ll4, 513, GB34, 5T35, Dubi, UB62, ST36
189 Painful Obstruction of Blood (Acromelalgia) Xue Bi JJJJ.JN GV14, Llll, TBS, Ll4
191 Painful Obstruction of the Bone (Calcaneal spur) Gu Bi itJN Ashi point at the bott om of t he heel ; Right: KD3, UB60, UB57, UB23
194 Painful Obstruction of the Bone (Costal Chondritis) Gu Bi itJN CV17, KD22, KD23, 2 points of pain over the 4th and 5th costochondral junctions, LUl, PC6
196 Painful Obstruction of the Sinews Jin Bi ~JN Ll4, LIS, TBS, 3 points of pain in the area of swelling

CHAPTER 4 DISORDERS OF THE EYES, EARS, NOSE AND THROAT

PAGE DISORDER CHINESE POINT SELECTION
201 Absence of Facial Sweating (Hemifacial Anhidrosis) Ban Mian Wu Han Zheng 'l' ilii1!!LfiiE Ll4, LU7, KD7, Taiyang
203 Difficulty in Swallowing Ye Ge "fill UB13
205 Discharge of Pus from the Ear Ting Er IIJ]l: On left side: GB2, TB17, TB2, GB40, KD3
207 Glaucoma-like Condition Qing Guang Van ;J!!:i'ti.ll UB2, Taiyang, GB20, CV12, PC6, 5T36, LV2, KD3

., 210
213
loss of Voice
Nasal Discharge from Deficient lU Qi (Allergic Rhinitis)
Shi Yin ;I:Jli

Bi Yuan • ;~
LU9, LU7, LUlO, KD6, KD7, KD3, CV22, UB13
UB13, LU9, Ll20, Ll4
2.
...
:I
en
216 Nasal Discharge from heat in the lU (Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis) Bi Yuan • ;~ Llll, LU7, L14, LUlO, Ll 20, Yintang, 5T44
:1>
219 Sparks Before the Eyes {Photopsia) Shen Guang Zi Xian " :i't EI IJ! LV3, KD3, SP6, 5T36, UBl, Qiuhou, Taiya ng, GB37, GB20, GV20, Ll4 n
CD
iD
...c;·n 221 Squint (Strabismus) Xie Shi ~tJ! Right: GBl, 5T2, Taiyang, TB23, Qiuhou / Bilateral: 5T36, LV3 .,cc
223 Sudden Visual Failure Baa Mang • • GB20, LV2, GB37, L14, Taiyang, UBl z
:I n
225 Tinnitus and Deafness (Sudden Neural Deafness) Er M ing ]l: oJ , Er Long ]l: )f GB2, GB20, GB34, LV3 ....
'II 228 Visual Disturbance (Optic Neuritis) Shi Li Zhang Ai JJ!:IJ"!t GB20, Qiuhou, UBl, TB23, UB23, UB18, KD7, SP6, LV8 c
a ::a
m
3
~
:z:
.,
..;·
0

til
.
.,cc~
CD
CHAPTER 5 · DISORDERS OF THE SKIN
..
i
C'l
c;·
:I
PAGE
233
DISORDER
Damp Tinea - like Rash (Eczema)
CHINESE
Shi Xuan iAC Llll, TBS, SP10, ST37, SP9
POINT SELECTION

z
.,.. n
236 Numbness of the Skin (lateral Femoral Cutaneous Neuritis) Pi Fu Ma Mu !ll•a* Local points, 1 needle in the center, 4 needles around it -t
a3 c
238 Purple Patches (Thrombocytopenic Purpura) Zi Ban :.villi SP10, SPG, GV14 ::a
m
J> 240 Skin Rash Pi Zhen !lllf Drain UB13, PC7 ; Even UB17 ; Tonify SPG ; Plum-blossom directly on the rashes
n
:z: 242 Snake-Creeping Red Papules (Herpes Zoster) She Dan tt!'l- GB20, UB40, PC7, Llll, Local needling at the affected site
244 White Thorns (Acne Vulgaris) Fen Ci ffl~J! SP10, Ll1, UB17, SPG, Ll4, GV14,

CHAPTER 6 · WOMEN'S DISORDERS .

PAGE DISORDER CHINESE POINT SELECTION
249 Abdominal Mass (Inflammation of the Adnexa Uteri) Zheng Jia lilifi CV4, CV3, ST28, ST29, SP8, SP13, SPG, ST36
252 Abnormal Menstruation Vue Jing Shi Tiao !ll'l'~l.ll Even CV17, PCG, GB34, LV3, SPG ; Tonify CV4, ST36
255 Breast Abscess (Acute Mastitis) Ru Yong ~g; GB21, ST36, PCG, GV14, Bloodletting on the back
257 Breast Masses (Fibrocystic Breast Disease) Ru Pi ~~~ CV17, 511, GB21, Ll4, LV3, LV8, ST36
260 Eye Pain During Menstruation (Periodic Keratitis) Xing Jing Mu Tong ltj!!l Ellii UB18, UB23, LV8, SPG, KD2, LV2, Local points include UB1, UB2, Taiyang
262 Infertility (Tubal Occlusion) Bu Yun Zheng '!'';Oll. CV4, ST28, ST29, ST36, SPG, LV3
265 Itching of the Vulva (Senile Vaginitis) Yin Yang Mi!t LVll, LV8, CV1, SP10

••
Group 1: KDG, K03, SP4, SP10, PCG
267 Menopausal Syndrome Geng Nian Qi Zong He Zheng :!eif-Jtlll*.g-1]!
Group 2: KD7, SPG, CV4, PC7, LV3
270 Painful Menstruation Tong jing fiij!!l LV14, LV3, CVG, SPG
272 Vaginal Bleeding Beng Lou ~illi GV20, CV4, SP10, ST36, SPG
274 Vaginal Discharge Bai Dai 81,11 CV4, SP9, SPG, UB31, GB26
276 Vomiting During Pregnancy Ren Shen Ou Tu i!IM<'II'i ST36, PCG, SP4

.
CHAPTER 7 · CHILDREN'S DISORDERS
PAGE DISORDER CHINESE POINT SELECTION
281 Childhood Hyperactivity Xiao Er Duo Dong Zheng '''5e~I!Jll. GV20, Sishencong, PCG, HT7, LV8, LV3, SPG
284 Enuresis Vi Niao iAJJi< GV20, UB13, UB20, ST36, SPG, CVG, CV4 ; moxa CVG, CV4
287 Excessive Childhood Salivation Xiao Er Liu Xian ,,, 5eiJt;]! ST36, CV12, CVG, ST4, CV24, CV23
 ACUPUNCTURE 283

KOREAN FOUR NEEDLE TECHNIQUE

EXCESS DEFICIENCY
SEDATE SON ELEMENTS TONIFY MOTHER ELEMENTS
CD Son point on Affect ed Element W Mother point on Affected Element
® Son point of Son Element (HORARY) ® M ot her point of Mother Element (HORARY)
TONIFY GRANDMOTHER ELEMENTS SEDATE GRANDMOTHER ELEMENTS
@ Grandmother point on Affect ed Element @ Grandmother point on Affected Element
@) Grandmother point of Grandmother Element (HORARY) @ Grandmother point of Grandmot her Element (HORARY)
Ill HORARY POINT = the same elemental point on its corresponding meridian.

THE FIVE ELEMENTS

THE GENERATING SEQUENCE THE CONTROLLING SEQUENCE

FIVE ELEMENT POINTS ON THE 12 PRIMARY MERIDIANS

WELL SPRING STREAM RIVER SEA WELL SPRING STREAM RIVER SEA
ZANG FU
FIRE EARTH
WOOD FIRE EARTH METAL WATER METAL WATER WOOD
11 10 9 8 5 1 2 3 5 11
Tai LU Yang Ll
MOM HORARY SON HORARY SON MOM

Yin 1 2 3 5 9 Ming 45 44 43 41 36
SP ST
MOM HORARY SON SON MOM HORARY
9 8 7 4 3 1 2 3 5 8
Shao HT Tai Sl
MOM HORARY SON MOM HORARY SON

Yin 1 2 3 7 10 Yang 67 66 65 60 40
KD UB
SON MOM HORARY MOM HORARY SON
9 8 7 5 3 1 2 3 6 10
Jue PC Shao SJ
MOM HORARY SON MOM HORARY SON

Yin 1 2 3 4 8 Yang 44 43 41 38 34
LV GB
HORARY SON MOM MOM HORARY SON

CASE STUDY

Jennifer, a 51 yea r old, is fea rful and quiet. she has w eakened legs and lower back, diagnosed with lumbago. Her
hearing is poor and she has a constant dull ringing in her ears all the time. Her hair is thinning out and has been
greying since her late 20s.

•
~~I(
Diagnosis : KD deficie ncy (Wat er deficiency)

£KD3
+KD7
• Treatment : Tonify KD +LUB

~
TONIFY METAL SEDATE EARTH
Elements
(Mother) (Grandmother)

Affected + KD7 - KD3 -SP3

Related + LU8 - SP3

Point Selection I 4 Needle Technique

284 ACUPUNCTURE

FOUR NEEDLE TECHNIQUE FORMULA

TONIFICATION AND SEDATION :iHIII~"'l

~' !!Hill~"' )
0~ EXAM AND CLINICAL

TONIFICATION SEDATION TONIFICATION SEDATION

+ + . . + + . . + + . . + + . .
LV KDlO LV8 LU8 LV4 LU8 LV4 HT8 LV2 GB UB66 GB43 Lll GB44 Lll GB44 SIS GB38

HT LVl HT9 KDlO HT3 KDlO HT3 SP3 HT7 Sl GB41 Sl3 UB66 Sl2 UB66 Sl2 ST36 SIS

PC LVl PC9 KDlO PC3 KDlO PC3 SP3 PC7 SJ GB41 SJ3 UB66 SJ2 UB66 SJ2 ST36 SJlO

SP HT8 SP2 LVl SPl LVl SPl LU8 SPS ST SIS ST41 GB41 ST43 GB41 ST43 Lll ST4S

LU SP3 LU9 HT8 LUlO HT8 LUlO KDlO LUS Ll ST36 Llll SIS LIS SIS LI S UB66 Ll2

KD LU8 KD7 SP3 KD3 SP3 KD3 LVl KDl UB Lll UB67 ST36 UB40 ST36 UB40 GB41 UB65

WARMING AND COOLING AAilll"'"'l ~illi''H"'l CLINICAL

'"
e~, ~~

WARMING COOLING WARMING COOLING

+ + . . + + . . + + . . + + . .
LV KD2 LV2 LUS LV8 LUS LV8 HT8 LV2 GB UB60 GB38 Ll2 GB43 Ll2 GB43 SIS GB38
HT LV 2 HT8 KDlO HT3 KDlO HT3 SP2 HT8 Sl GB38 SIS UB66 Sl2 UB66 Sl2 ST41 SIS
PC LV2 PC8 KDlO PC3 KDlO PC3 SP2 PC8 SJ GB38 SJ6 UB66 SJ2 UB66 SJ2 ST41 SJ6
SP HT8 SP2 LV8 SP9 LV8 SP9 LUlO SP2 ST SIS ST41 GB43 ST44 GB43 ST44 LIS ST41
LU SP2 LUlO HT3 LU5 HT3 LUS KD2 LUlO Ll ST41 LIS Sl2 Ll2 Sl2 Ll2 UB60 LI S
KD LUlO KD2 SP9 KDlO SP9 KDlO LV2 KD2 UB LIS UB60 ST44 UB66 ST44 UB66 GB38 UB60

YIN CHANNELS

TONIFY LV SEDATE LV

+KD10

I'"' -LV~ +LV4

<
~~
m
::a
-HTS

TONIFY HT SEDATE HT

-SP3

Point Selection I 4 N eedle T echniq ue

 ACUPUNCTURE 285

TONIFY PC SEDATE PC

-PC3 ,m +PC3

!
,..
n
::a
2
c
i:

-SP3

TONIFY SP SEDATE SP

-L~ u ,r-
(I)

m
m
@
+LV1 -SPS ~
z

-SP1 +SP1

TONIFY lU SEDATE LU

r-
c
z
Q

TONIFY KD SEDATE KD

+KD7
~

-KD3
Cl
z
m
)~\ +KD3
~
-<
-SP3

Point Selection I 4 Needle Technique

286 ACUPUNCTURE

YANG CHANNELS

TONIFY GB SEDATE GB

G)
,..,..
:r> /

,..m
:r> -GB38
a
a
m
+UB66 -LI1
::a
+GB44

TONIFY Sl SEDATE Sl

fn
1:
,..,..:r> -ST36

-z
-1
,6
m
fn
::!
z
m
+UB66

TONIFY SJ SEDATE SJ

=
z
c.. I
~ -ST36

;
0
+GB41 -UB66

+U866

TONIFY ST SEDATE ST

Point Selection I 4 Needle Technique

 ACUPUNCTURE 287

TONIFY ll SEDATE ll

+ST36

-
z
m
""'
tn
-""'
z
m -U866

TONIFY UB SEDATE UB

c
,.-z
::a
+UB4
I~ +ST36
~
-ST36
'6
I ID
~
/
""m::a
+Lil
+UB67
-UB65

NEEDLING ANGLE FOR FOUR NEEDLE TECHNIQUE

;.,.-- .....
,* Transverse
I insertion
•
--L--....,.,~;:::;;...---L_ _ 10°- 20°

Point Selection I 4 Needle Technique

288 ACUPUNCTURE

ACUPUNCTURE TECHNIQUES CAM

FILIFORM NEEDLE THERAPY

STRUCTURE AND SPECIFICATION

LENGTH GAUGE

cun 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 No. 26 28 30 32 34

mm 15 25 40 50 65 75 90 100 115 125 em 0.45 0.38 0.32 0.26 0.22

I Filiform Needle
I
-i
~ ..
J:
:I
Q.
;o
0
0
....
0:1
0
Q.
<
-i
-s·
ii"

NEEDLING PRACTICE
With sheets of paper With a cotton cushion On your own body

POSTURE OF THE PATIENTS

POSTURE OF THE PATIENT Suitable for the points on
1. Sitting in flexion iilfi:k~ ( '¥'~61 ) C Head, neck, back
2. Sitting erect with elbows resting on t able ~Jiiat~ (~'!!i6l l C Head, arm, shoulder
3. Lateral recumbent 1J!IJ IIA ~ ! ~216l l C Lateral side
4. Supine posture jqli1A~( g)2!6J l C Head, f ace, chest, abdomen, f our lim bs
5. Prone posture 1:>1: 11A ~ ! ~S'J6l l C Head, neck, back, lumbar, buttock, posterior side

3. Lateral recumbent

4.Supine

1. Seated in flexion 2. Seated in extension

Techniques I Needle
 ACUPUNCTURE 289

NEEDLING METHODS

INSERTION
INSERTING THE NEEDLE SUITABLE FOR
Aided by the pressure of the finger of the pressing hand }ifi-!1'Ji!Ut(XI ~ C! el ) C Short needles PC6, KD6
With the help of the puncturing and pressing hands 1!Hifi~it(& XIC!el ) C Long needles GB30, UB54
With the fingers stretching the skin m~~itii<~&C!ell c Abdomen, loose skin ST25, RN4
By pinching the skin ~~~iti~XIC!el) C Head/face, thin skin UB2, ST4, Yintang

ANGLES & DEPTH

ANGLE DEPTH depends upon

Perpendicular ill:ilil]('Q Xf) go· Most points on the body Most points Constitution
Oblique ;f.~j!;lj(AfXf) 45. Important viscera or thin muscle LU7, RN15, LV14, On the back Location of points
Horizontal Head (DU20, ST8). Face (UB2,
!Jiiliil(~ All 15-25. Thin muscle Pathological condition
(Transverse) GB14), Chest (RN16)

Straight insertion Slanted insertion

..-- ~ ••'~'
Perpendicular 900
90° Perpendicular· Oblique 700

, # Oblique45°

,. I ~10o_20°
Transverse insertion

Transverse-Oblique 20°

/ CAM MNL
~- 0

DEPTH OF INSERTION
SHALLOW INSERTION DEEP INSERTION
Acute Chronic
Heat Cold
Itching Pain
Pain relived by pressure Pain aggravated by pressure
W eak pulse Excess pulse
Summer Winter
Superficial level (skin, muscle, meridian, qi) Deep level (tendons, bones, internal organs, blood)
Yang part (head, neck, chest and upper back) Yin part (abdomen, lumbosacral area, hips, extremities)
Delicate patient (shallow, shorter, fewer, thinner) Strong patient (deep, longer, more, thicker)

Techniques I Needling
290 ACUPUNCTURE

PROMOTING Ql
PROMOTING Ql TECHNIQUE PURPOSE

Pressing : 11;:t1e~n C Slightly press the skin along the course of the meridian When needling sensation is delayed

Plucking c
: <;!tl;!(E!\11) Pluck the handle of the needle lightly, causing it to tremble For retarded Qi sensation due to Qi def.

Scraping : ~);:t(ii\11) c Scrap the handle with the nail of the index or middle finger Used to spread the needling sensation
' j£;;t(g\1j) c Shaking of the needle can strengthen the needling sensation Used as an auxiliary method for reducing
Shaking

Flying :~u~~l\11 ) c Twirl the needle and separate the thumb and index finger from it Needling sensation is strengthened

Trembling j Q;;t(~\111 C Quick lift-thrust movement in small amplitude to cause vibration Activate the flow of Qi and Blood

MANIPULATION

FUNDAMENTAL MANIPULATION
lifting & Thrusting !!H~;;tr;<tl~\111 C After the needle tip penetrating the skin, the needle body is perpendicu larly lifted/thrust

Twirling & Rotating ~~Q;;t(gj~\11) c After the needle has reached its desired depth, twirl and rotate the needle backwa rd/forward

DE Ql (ARRIVAL OF Ql) lli ~! ""J ii

~

• In the process of acupuncture, the arrival of Qi must be achieved

• Quick Arrival of Qi: suggests good effects in treatment
ARRIVAL OF Ql
• Slow Arrival of Qi: shows retarded effects in treatment
• Retaining the Needle: In general, the needle is retained for 15-20 min . after DE Ql

SIGNS OF "DE Ql"

•• Soreness, numbness, heaviness, and distention around the point
Their transmission upward and downward along the meridian
• A fish bites on fishing pulling the line downward ("Lyrics of Standard Profundities")

• Inaccurate location of the points

FACTORS INFLUENCING "DE Ql" • Improper depth of the needle insertion
• Imperfect manipulation
• Weak constitution and dull sensation

YANG JIZHOU's 12 MANIPULATIONS mi!'1ti12':1<!

'
0 'Jil"'12"' l 0 ~ ~

MANIPULATIONS TECHNIQUES
NEEDLE INSERTION
ITWJ
•
Before the needle is inserted, press heavily on the point with the thumb nail to disperse qi and
blood. (In this way puncturing does not damage the defensive Qi)
1 ASSISTED BY THE
THUMB NAIL
( ~~ )
•
ACTION: Fixing the point to be needled I Dispersing Qi and Blood to avoid injuring the defensive
Qi I Distracting the patient's attention to reduce pain I Avoid in bleeding

ATTENTIVE INSERTION 1Ut • After

Hold the needle handle with the right hand, thrust and rotate it deep into the muscles w ith force
2 AND MANIPULATION (XI ei) • the needling
three breaths, lift the needle to the part just below the skin -7 After another three breaths,
sensation appear
WARMING THE NEEDLE 0 5~
3 IN THE MOUTH ('?E' ) • Not adopted in today's acupuncture treatment

ENTERING OF THE iUt

•• The
Before needling, the patient and practitioner shou ld keep even breathing to ca lm the mind
point shou ld be located accurately
4 NEEDLE ( e! ei ) • Points of the Yang meridians on the four extrem ities: between the tendons and bones
• Points of the Yin meridians on the four extremities: fingers responding to the arteries.

5 PRESSING ~Ifill
(XI e )
•• Press the skin with fingers along the course of the meridian, both above and below the point
ACTION: Make smooth flow of Qi and blood and to facilitate the arrival of Qi

6 SCRATCHING /Ria
( ;:::: ~)
•• Scratch
If the needle is difficult to lift, thrust or withdraw, the needle is stuck by the pathogenic factors
the needle with the thumb nail up and down along the course of the meridian to dispel
the pathogenic factors from the meridians

7 WITHDRAWING ~~ • Reinforcing:
Concentrate the mind and pull the needle slowly to the three levels
( ei~ )
• Should not beheavy thrusting is applied I Reducing: forceful withdrawal is used

8 TWISTING ~iHl.
(XI XI)
•• ACTION: Promote smoothtooflow
twisted tight, otherwise, it will be entangled by the muscles, causing sharp pain
of Qi and blood for Qi stagnation, Disperse the defensive Qi
• Disease in the lower region, turn the
Disease in the upper region: turn the needle forward to make Qi ascend

(XI \;;l ) • Turning the needle backward is the reinforcing method, and vice versa
tififfl; needle backward to make Qi descend
9 TURNING
•• ACTION: The purpose is to promote smooth flow of Qi
(XI¥i-) • ACTION: Keep the Qi stable at the punctured part
tifi'ill Before withdrawing the needle, keep the needle subcutaneously for a while, then withdraw it
10 RETAINING
j t l£
•
11 SHAKING (eig) • When the needle is withdrawn, shake the needle twice at each level to en large the hole

12 PULLING tifilll • On withdrawal of the needle, be sure that is not stuck tightly
(Al l!! )
• Then use the fingers to lift the needle out carefu lly: as if "pulling a tiger's tail"

Techniques I Manipulation
 ACUPUNCTURE 291

TONIFICATION AND SEDATION

BASIC METHODS

~1 LIFTING AND THRUSTING

.J-1'
l!lililili:lt(AII~!i!Af )

Force Speed
TONIFICATION
THRUSTING .J heavily rapidly
LIFTING 1' gently slowly
SEDATION
LIFTING f' heavily rapidly
THRUSTING .J- gently slowly

I 2
TWIRLING AND ROTATING
Rotating
ltMliU~(\?1 C! !i!Af)

Force Speed
Clockwise forcefully rapidly
TONIFICATION
Counterclockwise gently slowly
Counterclockwise forcefully rapidly
SEDATION
Clockwise gently slowly

~3
RAPID AND SLOW INSERTION AND WITHDRAWAL l*~lili:it( kiQl!i!Af)

.J-1' Speed
.J- slowly
TONIFICATION
1' rapidly
.J- rapidly
SEDATION
1' slowly

I 4
KEEPING THE HOLE OPEN OR CLOSE

•
oo.g.lili:q(JH!!I !i!Afl
Hole
TONIFICATION
SEDATION
Withdrawal
Withdrawal
•
0

I 5 CHANNEL PATHWAY
DIRECTION i!Ui!li1il!;(\?19S'!Af)
Needle Direction
TONIFICATION -7 -7
SEDATION -7 ~

I 6 .J-1'
RESPIRATION "'l''l!llili l!; ( ~S!i!Af)

Breathing
out
.J-
TONIFICATION
1' in
.J- in
SEDATION
1' out

COMPREHENSIVE METHODS
TONIFICATION SEDATION

,
SETTING THE MOUNTAIN ON FIRE ~tJj :k( ~~§l ) PENETRATING HEAVEN COOLNESS

~
~7< ~ ( .!\'-C'!~ )

--__...._..__ ::...c--_
Super_f!~!~~ ____ ~1"_
....--_

__?.. __ __ ___ _____

-------.:;

----- ---- .t1 ..~-. ~-~P.':~!~~i:!

- 1
~~
--------- t..t.- ~--- ~-~~!~-~-
Medium 9
------------------
~~ 9
-------- ----
Deep ~~ 6
Deep

TREAT: DEFICIENCY + COLD TREAT: EXCESS + HEAT

CDInsertion Slow CD Insertion Rapid
® Thrust,J + Lift1' 9 times at each level ® Thrust.J- + Liftt" 6 times at each level
@ Withdrawal Rapid + Close Hole @ Withdrawal Slow + Open Hole

Techniques I Tonification and Sedation

292 ACUPUNCTURE

PRECAUTION & CONTRAINDICATION

GENERAL CAUTION & CONTRA-INDICATION

CAUTIONS AND CONTRA-INDICATIONS IN ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT

1 • Famished, eating to excess, intoxicated,

overfatigued, very weak
c Apply few needles or delay acupuncture treatment

c
•••
Pregnancy under 3 months C. I. on the lower abdomen and lumbosacral region
2 Pregnancy after 3 months c C. I. on the upper abdomen and lumbosacral region
Pregnancy c C. I. to puncture Ll4, SP6, UB60, UB67 (strong sensation)

•• For infants, when fontanel is not closed c C.l. on the vertex

3
Infants: unable to cooperate with the practitioner c Retaining of needles is forbidden in infant s
c
••
Blood Vessel Avoid blood vessel to prevent bleeding
4
Chest and Back c Avoid injury of the vitial organs

5 • Historic medical literature: STl (eyeball), RN15

(important viscera), SPll (femoral artery) c Should be punctured obliquely or horizontally

MANAGEMENT OF POSSIBLE ACCIDENTS

FAINTING STUCK NEEDLE BENT NEEDLE BROKEN NEEDLE HEMATOMA AFTER-EFFECT
.it(lHl) ;'ft!£Wlll>ll itit(e!l>l) tliit(~ el) JID.I!I(~ ~) 'iilll~l.llt~m
• Nervous tension, • Nervousness, • Unskillful • Poor quality of • Injury of the • Unskilled
delicate constitution, strong spasm of the manipulation, hard the needle, too blood vessels during manipulation and
n hunger, fatigue, local muscle after tissue, a sudden strong manipulation, insertion, or not forceful stimulation
l>
cVI improper position or the insertion, change of posture, strong muscle spasm, pressing the point
m too forceful excessive rotation, improper sudden movement, after withdrawing
manipulation changing position management of a withdrawing a stuck the needle
stuck needle needle

s:
)>
• Dizziness, vertigo,
palpitations, short of
• After the needle is
inserted, it if found
• It is difficult to lift
thrust, rotate and
• The needle body
is broken during
• Local swelling,
distension and pain
• Afte r withd rawal
of the needle, there
z
:;; breath, fidgeting, at times difficult or withdraw the needle manipulation and the after withd rawal of remains an
m nausea, pallor, cold impossible to rotate, • At the same time broken part is below the needle uncomfortable feeling
!!I sweating, weak pulse lift or thrust the patient feels the skin surface of soreness and pain
~ • In severe cases,
cold limbs, drop of
pain which may persist
0 for a long period
zVI blood pressure and
loss of consciousness
• Fainting aura ~ • Excessive rotation: • Lifting, thrusting, • Patient shou ld be • Mild hematoma: • Mild case: Press
withdraw all the Twirl the needle in and rotating shall in asked to keep ca lm Will disappear by the local area
needles ~ help the the opposite no case be applied • Above the skin: itself • Severe case: in
patient to lie down direction • Removed slowly Remove it with • Severe swelling addition to pressing,
~ and offer him • Muscle tension: and withdrawn by forceps or fingers and pain: Apply local moxa is applied to
some warm or Leave the needle in following the course • Same level: Press pressing, or light the local area
s:l> sw eet water. place for a while I of the bend the tissue around massage, or warming
z • In severe cases, or by massaging the • From changing the site until the moxa to help
l> press or needle skin near the point posture: move broken end is disperse the
~ DU26, PC9, DU25, I by inserting patient to his
m exposed hematoma
s:m PC6, ST36 or Moxa
DU20, RN6, RN4
another needle
nearby to transfer
original position,
relax the local
• Under the skin:
Surgery should be
z-t • If no response, the patient's muscle and then resorted to
call 911 attention. remove the needle.
• Changing position: • Never try to
The Original posture withdraw the needle
should be resumed with force
and then withdraw
the needle
© • Release the • Perfect insertion & • Too forceful • Avoid injuring the • Too Forceful
t ensions before and gentle manipulation manipulation shall in blood vessels manipulation sha ll in
~
:::0
during insertion are required no case be applied no case be applied
m • Don't twirl with • A proper and
<
m too large amplitude comfortable position
z-t or in one direction • Changing position
0 • Keep the origi nal is not allowed
z posture • Don't impact or
press the needling
area

Techniques I Caution
 ACUPUNCTURE 293

OTHER TYPES OF NEEDLE

THREE-EDGED NEEDLE CUTANEOUS NEEDLE INTRADERMAL NEEDLE

=tUt! et~el l Bilit&tilll'i'ell Hi P>litllll LH eJ l

PLUM- SEVEN-STAR

, BLOSSOM

n
.....
c
::1:1
m
THUMBTACK GRAIN-LIKE

• Developed from Sharp needle of • Plum-blossom i!HBt: 5, long • A.k.a. Embedding needle
z the Nine Needles
m
m • Seven-star t!ilit: 7, short • Thumbtack type l'l'iJ!t!: 0.3cm
0
,.... • Shaped in a round handle, a
m triangular head and a sharp tip • Grain-like type ll<'tt!t!: lcm

• Indication: blockage of the • Indications: Disorder of the • Indications: Treats some chronic
meridians, blood stasis, excess Nervous system and Skin disease or painful diseases which need
syndrome and heat syndrome (such as headache, dizziness and long retention of needles
z (such as high fever, loss of vertigo, insomnia, gastrointestinal (such as headache, stomachache,
0
consciousness, sore throat, local disease, gynecologica l disease, skin asthma, insomnia, enuresis, abnormal
n disease, painful joints and paralysis)
)> congestion or swelling) menstruation, dysmenorrhea)
.....
0 • Action: • Action:
z 1. Move Qi and Blood in meridians 1. Move Qi in the meridians
Ill
2. Dispel blood stasis 2. Regulates the Zang-Fu functions
3. Eliminate the heat

• Spot pricking &1*'1 : A.k.a. Collateral • The tapping may be light or • Thumbtack type: Ear region
s: pricking, UB40: blood stasis lumbago, heavy
)> LUll: sore throat, PC3&UB40: acute • Grain-like type: Various part
z vomiting, Taiyang&Erjian: acute
, conjunctivitis
c
l: • Clumpy pricking 1a*1J : Carbuncles,
-t erysipelas
0
Z • Pricking ~JI!IJ : Multiple folliculitis,
multiple carbuncles of the neck

• Aseptic operation: to prevent
infection
,
::1:1
• For Spot pricking: should be slight,
superficial, and rapid. Bleeding
m should not be excessive. Avoid
n injuring the deep large arteries
)>
c reduce pain
..... • CONTRA: weak constitution, for
0 pregnant women and those
z susceptible to bleeding
Ill
• The tip of the needle: should be
not too short, even (otherwise, pain
or bleeding may happen during
tapping)
• On tapping: should strike the skin
at a right angle of the surface to
• Sterilization: Sterilize the needles,
sterilize the local area before and
after needling
• CONTRA: local trauma and ulcers
• The duration of implantation:
depends on the pathological
conditions in different seasons
(In summer: ret ained for one to two
days because of excessive sweating
which is likely to cause infection)
• Location: Avoid needling joints to
prevent pain on motion, purulent
infected area of skin ulcers
• Clean: Keep t he are;3 around th e
needle clean to prevent infection

Techniques I Other Types of Needle

294 ACUPUNCTURE

NEEDLING METHODS INTERNAL CLASSIC

THE NINE NEEDLING METHODS Mlli'i'XIi

9 NEEDLINGS (n.) INDICATION AND METHOD

1 Shu-point n. -~Ji*Xfl Five Zang diseases (Ying-Spring + Shu-stream points of Yin channels)

2 Distant n. iUUII(~S::Xf) Six Fu diseases (needle upper region for lower organs and Lower He-sea for 3 Hand Yang channels)

3 Meridian n. ~~~~~XI) Affected meridian (needling along that meridian)

4 Collateral n. *1\iliii(\./XIi Collateral diseases (bleeding of the subcutaneous smal l vessels to eliminate blood stasis)

5 Crack n. "ilili(l!'XIl Muscular pain (needle the space between two muscles)

6 Evacuation n. :l(;)lifiii(QIAIX!) Surgical operation and remove purulent blood (used with a stiletto needle)

7 Shallow n. -'Eilili(2Xfl Superficial disorders (dermal needle is developed f rom this method)

8 Contralateral n. §~I()! X!) Pain (the points on the right side when the affected region is on the left or vice versa)

9 Heat n. :l$ilili(?!Xfl Rheumatism, scrofula, yin ulcers (use red-hot needle, fire puncture developed from this method)

THE TWELVE NEEDLING METHODS + - il!lli ~OI X! i

12 PUNCTURES (p.) INDICATION AND METHOD

1 Coupled p. f.l\ilill('f'Xfl Cardialgia and thoracodynia (two corresponding points in the frontal and posterior regions)

2 Trigger p. ~~I(S"XIl Wandering pains (perpendicular insertion on local, removed after a pressure has been applied)

3 Lateral p. !Uii(~Xf) Rheumatic pains (shaking the needle to expand the needle-hole and relax the muscle)

4 Triple p. ~ilili(XiiXl l Rheumatism by cold, on small scale but deep penetration (three spots, center and both sides)

5 Quintuple p. }l!iliJI(gf XII Large area disorders caused by cold pathogen (five spots, center and four scattered around it)

6 Straight p. W:ilillit(~X!~) Superficial cold pathogen (push up the skin with the fingers, then puncture across the skin)

7 Shu-point p. .iliiiJ*AII Heat condition by excess of Qi (inserted into a few points deeply and withdrawn rapidly)

8 Short p. >llilili(8XI) Bone rheumatism caused by cold (tip reaches to the affect ed bones, then move up and down)

9 Superficial p. i!¥ ~11 "'- Ail Muscular spasm caused by cold (oblique or shallow insertion)

10 Yin p. !3ifll(l§Xfl Cold limbs and cold conditions (applied to KD3)

11 Adjacent p. IUtilill(I!I~XIl Prolonged rheumatism (vertically and laterally with one needle each)

12 Repeated shallow p. 'IUII(C!X!) Carbuncles and erysipelas (repeatedly inserted and withdrawn rapidly to cause bleeding)

THE FIVE NEEDLING METHODS n ililli2 Xli

5 PUNCTURES (p.) INDICATION AND METHOD

1 Extreme shallow p. 'l'iliii(~Xf) LU dz. or external pathogen (shallow insertion and immediate withdrawa l of the needle)

2 Leopard-spot p. f? )C ~I( B:l'l'X! ) HT dz. or swellings and pains (pierce sma ll blood vessels around t he affected area)

3 Joint p. ~UIJ( E! Xf ) LV or tendon dz. (inserted rapid ly into the muscles around the joints)

4 Hegu p. ilt iHIJ( ru~X! ) SP or muscle dz. (inserted into t he muscles of the affected area, like the claws of a chicken)

5 Shu-point p. .iliii(*XI) KD or bone dz. (the needle is thrust deeply to the bone to treat osteal pain)

Techniques I Needling from Classic

 ACUPUNCTURE 295

NINE NEEDLES ANCIENT TIMES

9 NEEDLES (n.) SHAPES AND INDICATIONS PICTURE

Superficial diseases
1 Arrow-Head n. e'ei
1.6 inches long with a round head & sharp tip like an arrow
Disorders of the muscles or for massage treatment
2 Round n. ~e>
1.6 inches long with a oval-rounded tip
Arrowheado--<>
Blood vessels diseases and pressing purpose
3 Blunt n. AI eJ Round=
3.5 inches long with a round body and sharp tip
Pressure
Abscesses as a scalpel or for blood-letting
4 Sharp-edged n. *el Sharp~
1.6 inches long w ith a triangle body, sharp-pyramid tip
Sword
Pain and drainage of pus
5 Sword-shaped n. ill eJ Roundsharpc:=---
4 inches long, 0.25 inch wide, shaped as a sword
Fine
Attack of rheumatic arthritis and pain
6 Round-sharp n. ~cl ei long
1.6 inches long with a thin round body and large head
larg
Cold, heat and painful conditions
~ei I I I I I I I I I I
7 Filiform n. I I I 1 I
1.6 inches long with a sharp tip and a thin body 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7Units
Deep-tissue disorders or bi-syndrome
8 Long n. ~ei
7 inches long with a round and sharp tip and big body
Joint disorders due to water retention
9 Large n. Die'
4 inches long with a round tip shaped as a stick

FINDING POINT CLINICAL

IMAGE PALPATING NEEDLING

95%

1. SKIN 1. GATE OF POINT

2. OPEN POINT 2. DIRECTION OF POINT
3. CLOSED POINT 3. POINT
4. SIMPLE SUNKEN SITE 4•5. WRONG NEEDLING
5•6. CLOSING SITE OF THE POINT 6. CORRECT NEEDLING
7. DIRECTION OF POINT
5% 8. NEEDLING TARGET

Techniques I Finding Point

296 ACUPUNCTURE

MOXA

• NATURE: bitter, acrid I warm I SP LV KD

r;: ,,,
• Pure yang nature having the ability to restore the yang collapse

~
ARTEMISIA • Open the twelve regu lar meridians, travelling through the 3 Foot Yin
meridians to regulate Qi and blood, expel cold and dampness, warm
VULGARIS the uterus, stop bleeding, warm the SPIST to remove stagnation,
(AI YE) regulate menstruation and ease the fetus
• "When burned, it penetrates all the meridians, eliminating hundreds
of diseases."

• To warm meridians and expel cold

FUNCTIONS • To induce the smooth flow of Qi and blood
•• To strengthen
To Yang from collapse
prevent diseases and keep healthy

CONES JHH
DIRECT I
SCARRING & NON-SCARRING
INDIRECT I
GINGER I GARLIC I SALT I MONKSHOOD
CLASSIFICATION MOXA MID-WARM
STICKS x1H
SPARROW-PECKING
WARMING NEEDLE i.IIU:tit MOXA + NEEDLE

GINGER • Weakness of SPIST such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, painful joints and
symptoms due to Yang deficiency

GARLIC • Scrofula,
bite, etc.
tuberculosis, the early stage of skin ulcer w ith boils, poisonous insect
INDIRECT
MOXIBUSTION • Abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea, pain around the umbilicus, pain cause by
SALT hernia, prolonged dysentery, etc.
• Restore Yang collapse (e.g. excessive sweating, cold limbs and minute pulse)
FUZI
(MONKSHOOD)
• Fuzi warms Yang, expels cold, for persistent Yin-Cold syndromes (such as
impotence and premature ejaculation cause by Mingmen Fire decline)

•••
YANG portion (back, upper) -7 Yin portion (front, lower)
PROCESS & FACTOR: Condition, constitution, age, site
VOLUME
CONES: 3-7 cones I STICK: 10-15 minutes
• Excess syndrome, and heat syndrome (including high fever caused by common
cold or Heat due to Yin deficiency). Although the heat of moxibustion is weak,
CONTRA-
APPLICATION strong internal impact may be produced
INDICATIONS
• Scarring moxa : NOT to the face, head, large blood vessels
• The abdominal region and lumbo-sacral region of pregnant woman
• SMALL BLISTER: Heals by themselves
MOXA BURN • LARGE BLISTER: Should be punctured and drained. If pus is formed, the blister
should be dressed to prevent further infection

CUPPING

TYPE OF JAR BAMBOO JAR & GLASS CUP

•
~~
Warming and promoting the free flow of Qi and Blood

••
ACTIONS Dispelling cold dampness
Diminishing swellings and pains
ACTIONS & .---- ...
INDICATIONS • Bi syndrome due to Wind-damp: low back, shoulders, leg
INDICATIONS •• Gastrointestinal disorders: stomachache, vomiting, diarrhea
lung disease: such as cough and asthma ~.
• Cupping with bloodletting: acute sprains with blood stasis '=".:::.-.-.:~:.

• TWO STYLES: FIRE THROWING METHOD & FIRE TWINKLING METHOD

•• TECHNIQUE
General: Place for 10 minutes -7 Skin becomes congest ed with violet coloured blood sta sis
MANIPULATIONS
formation -7 On withdrawing the cup, hold the cup with the right hand, and press the skin around
the rim of the cup with the left hand to let air in
• Cupping + Blood letting: Sterilize the area -7 prick a small vein -7 Cupping

•• TECHNIQUE:
PATIENT: comfortable position, right cup size and location
Strong enough burning flame, cup rapidly and deftly
• CONTRA-INDICATION
• Skin ulcer, edema, large blood vessels, high fever and convulsion
PRECAUTIONS • Abdominal and sacral regions of pregnant women
• If the patient is susceptible to spontaneous bleeding or endless bleeding after trauma
• MANAGEMENT OF CUPPING BRUISE
• BRUISE or SMALL BLISTER: will disappear several days later
• SEVERE BLISTER: draw out the liquid, apply gentian violet and cover with gauze

Techniques I Moxa and Cupping

 ACUPUNCTURE 297

AURICULAR ACUPUNCTURE
SGH & CAM

IMAGE OF AURICULAR ACUPUNCTURE

UPPER LIMBS LOWER LIMBS

SURFACE ANATOMY OF AURICLE

Triangular fossa ....;,~"--t~M

Inferior crus of antehelix

Darw in's tubercle

Crura of helix_..-:;_ _
Supratragic notch

DISTRIBUTION OF AURICULAR POINTS

EAR BODY
Lobule Hea d and facial region
Scaph a Upper limb
Antihelix Trunk
2 crura Low er li mb
Cavum and Cymba conchae Internal organ

Other Types I Auricular Acupuncture

298 ACUPUNCTURE

AURICULAR POINTS

Ear Apex
0 0 Tonsil#l

Raise Blood PressureO

Other Types I Auricular Acupuncture

 ACUPUNCTURE 299

AURICULAR POINTS

HELIX AND HELIX-CRUS

"'
NAME LOCATION INDICATIONS

Spasm of diaphragm, hemorrhage, pruritis,

DIAPHRAGM On crus of the helix hemorrhagic skin disorders, hematological
diseases
BRANCH On crus of helix, midway between UB and Brain points Usually used for incontinence
MIDEAR Center of crus of helix Not listed
NERVOUS
DYSFUNCTION
Superior aspect of crus of helix Not listed

DISTAL SEGMENT On helix, almost level with Ll point on the cymba conchae Dysentery, enteritis, prolapsed anus, f issure of
anus, hemorrhoids, constipation
URETHRA On helix, level with UB point on the cymba conchae Urinary tract infection, incontinence
On helix, midway between Dista l Segment Rectum and Urethra Itching around anus, anal fissure, hemorrhoids,
ANUS
point s prolapsed anus

EXTERNAL GENITALIA On helix, level with inferior crus of antehelix Sexual dysfunction, inflammation of scrotum or
penis, cervicitis, low back pain, sciatica
On t he margin of helix, slightly anterior to superior margin of
COMMON COLD Common Cold (Prick point)
superior crus of antehelix
HEMORRHOIDS On helix bordering lateral margin of triangular fossa Hemorrhoids, fissure of anus
Prick point for fever, inflammation,
When ea r is bent toward tragus, this point can be found at tip of hypertension, revival from hepatic coma, or
EAR APEX
fold on su perior aspect of helix for analgesic or sedative effect. Use
moxibustion for keratitis
TONSIL #1 On helix, posterior to Ear Apex point Tonsil litis, Pharyngitis
LIVER YANG #1 Superior border of Darwin's tubercle
Ch ronic hepatitis
LIVER YANG #2 Inferior border of Darwin's tu bercle
Six points even ly spaced along helix from inferior margin of
HELIX #1-6
Da rwin's tubercle to inferior margin of ear lobe
Tonsillitis, Pharyngitis
TONSIL #2 On helix, level w ith the Shoulder point of the scapula

TONSIL #3 On t he 'tai l' of the helix

NAME LOCATION INDICATIONS

APPENDIX #1 On scapha, midway between the Toe and Finger points Appendicitis
FINGERS On scapha, above Darwin's tubercle Pain or hindered movement of finger joints
WRIST On scapha, level with prominence on Darwin's tubercle Pain or hindered movement of the wrist

ALLERGY On scapha, medial to Wrist point Allergic diseases

SHOULDER On scapha, level with supratragic notch Pain or hindered movement of shoulder
ELBOW On scapha, midway between shou lder and wrist points Pain of elbow joint
APPENDIX #2 On scapha, midway between shoulder and elbow points Appendicitis
SHOULDER JOINT On scapha, midway between shoulder and Clavicle points Pain or hindered movement of shoulder
CLAVICLE On sca pha, level with Neck point on antehelix Diseases of clavicle
SHOULDER PAIN On scapha, superior and medial to Should er Joint point Shoulder pain
Swelling of subaxillary lymph glands and other
AXILLA On scapha, above Shou lder pain point
diseases of this region
CHEST WALL On scapha, above Shou lder joint point Pain of chest and ribs, gallstones
On scapha, above Shou lder point on border of antehelix and Abdomina l pain, pain in hypochondriac region,
ABDOMINAL WALL
scapha renal colic
Lateral an inferior to the Clavicle point, in the depression on
N EPHRITIS Nephritis, pyelonephritis
lower margin of scapha
Regu lates function of thyroid gland: may also
THYROID #1 On border of scapha, lateral to Neck point on antehelix
be used in shock to raise blood pressure
APPENDIX #3 On scapha, medial and inferior to Clavicle point Appendicitis

Other Types I Auricular Acupunc ture

300 ACUPUNCTURE

ANTEHELIX CRUS (SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR) fi"'lll4lrD1""

~·'l
0

NAME LOCATION INDICATIONS

On the lateral, superior angle to superior crus of Pain or functional hinderance of the toes
TOES antehelix
On the medial, superior angle of superior crus of Pain or functional hinderance of the ankle
ANKLE antehelix (below Heel point)
On the medial, superior angle of superior crus of Pain or functional hinderance of the heel
HEEL antehelix
On the superior crus of antehelix, level with
KNEE superior border of inferior crus of antehelix
Pain or functional hinderance of the knee
On the superior crus of antehelix 1/3 the
KNEE JOINT distance from the Ankle to the knee point
On the superior crus of antehelix 1/3 the Pain or functional hinderance of the hip
HIP JOINT distance from the knee to the Ankle point
On the superior crus of antehelix, medial and Pain or functional hinderance along the gastrocnemius
GASTROCNEMIUS inferior to the knee Joint point muscles
On the superior crus of antehelix, medial to the Pain or functional hinderance in the popliteal fossa
POPLITEAL FOSSA knee point
• autonomic
Used for numerous diseases related to disruption in
(both sympathetic and parasympathetic) nervous
system

SYMPATHETIC
At the intersection of the superior border of the
inferior crus of antehelix and the medial border
• (esp.
Strong analgesic and relaxant effect upon internal organs.
for relieving pain associated with ulcers, stomach
of the helix spasm, roundworm in bile duct, gall and urethral stones)
• Dilates blood vessels
• Useful in treating circulatory and ophthalmological diseases,
and excessive sweating. Important point of anesthesia
SCIATIC NERVE Slightly medial to mid-point on superior margin
Sciatica
(ISCHIUM) of inferior crus of antehelix
Slightly lateral to mid-point on superior margin
BUTTOCKS Pain of hip and sacroiliac joints, atrophy of gluteal muscles
of inferior crus of antehelix
HOT On antehelix directly below Popliteal Fossa point Low-grade fever
LOWER ABDOMEN On antehelix, lateral and inferior to Knee point Pain of lower abdomen

ANTEHELIX t.t"'rDI~J
NAME···· LOCATION INDICATIONS
On the prominence of the antehelix, level with Distal Segment
LUMBAR VERTEBRAE Lower back pain
of Rectum point
On the antehelix, level with the superior border of the inferior
ABDOMEN (A) crus of antehelix
Pain of mid or lower abdomen

Near medial border of antehelix, level with Lumbar Vertebrae Acute lower back sprain, chronic low back
LUMBAGO
point pain
Intercostal neuralgia, soreness of depressed
CHEST (THORAX) On antehelix, level with supratragic notch
sensation in chest
ABDOMEN (B) On antehelix, between Lumbar vertebrae and Chest points Pain of upper abdomen
Two points on antehelix, both below Chest point, one medial,
MAMMARY GLANDS Acute mastitis, lumps in the breast
the other lateral
NECK In notch at the intersection of the antehelix and antitragus Pain or dysfunction of the neck
• Regulates function of thyroid gland
THYROID #2 On medial margin of antehelix, medial to Neck point • May also be used in shock to raise blood
pressure (same as Thyroid #1)
These vertebral points are found along the curved, medial
margin of the antehelix from a point level with the Urethra
SACRAL, LUMBAR,
point (above) to Shoulder Joint point (below). The curved line Each segment corresponds to pain or
THORACIC AND
can be divided into four segments each corresponding to one of dysfunction along that part of the spine
CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
the vertebral groupings, from the Sacral (above) to the Cervical
(below)

TRAGUS AND ANTITRAGUS Jj:fil-.fifil-rw-DI=J

~ ~

NAME ··LOCATION INDICATIONS

EXTERNAL EAR In depression slightly anterior to supratragic notch
HT (A) On tragus, posterior and inferior to External Ear point
TRAGUS APEX The prominence on Superior part of tragus
At the prominence on inferior part of tragus (if the
ADRENAL ear has only one such prominence, the point is on
the inferior border)
Tinnitus, deafness
Tachycardia, arrhythmias, and other heart disorders
Inflammation, fever, hypertension, pain (in general), Prick
point
• Functions to stimulate adrenalin and adrenocortical
hormones
• Used for inflammation, allergies, shock, rheumatism and
serious poisoning symptoms resulting form bacterial
infection
• Affects the dilation and constriction of blood vessels,
hyper and hypotension, capillary hemorrhage
• Regulates excitation or inhibition of respiratory function
• Used for fever, certain skin diseases, and chronic illnesses

Other Types I Auricular Acupuncture

 ACUPUNCTURE 301

EXTERNAL NOSE At the middle of the anterior aspect of the

tragus Brandy - nose
THIRST Above External Nose point on tragus Relieves thirst, diabetes, Polyuria
HUNGER Below External Nose point on tragus Relieves hunger, diabetes, compulsive eating
CLEAR NOSE/EYES On tragus, behind Thirst point Acute and chronic rhinitis, eye inflammation
HYPERTENSION On upper half of medial aspect of tragus Hypertension
THROAT On upper half of medial aspect of tragus Acute and chronic laryngitis, hoarseness, tonsillitis, edema of the
uvula
INNER NOSE On lower half of medial aspect of tragus Rhinitis, nosebleed
• Regulates function of thyroid gland
THYROID #4 On tragus latera l and superior to Throat point • May also be used in stock to raise blood pressure (same as
Thyroid # 1)
FOREHEAD On anterior, inferior part of antitragus Frontal headache, rhinitis
• Used for neuropsychiatric disorders and symptoms due to
meningeal irritation: convulsions, locked jaw, stiffness along nape
OCCIPUT On posterior, superior part of antitragus of neck, psychosis, etc.
• Also useful in preventing motion or sea sickness
• Used for various skin and eye diseases, inflammation, pain, shock
On antitragus, between Forehead and Occiput
TEMPLE Headache at the temple, migraine headache, vertigo, lassitude
points
On antitragus, between and below Temple and
VERTEX Headache at the vertex, vertigo
Occiput points
At apex to angle of antitragus (if angle
STOP WHEEZING unclear, mid-point on medial border of • Regulates, excitation or inhibition of respiratory center
antitragus • Used for coughing, panting, and/or itching
PAROTID GLAND On antitragus, medial to Stop Wheezing point • Relieves
Parotitis, obstruction of parotid ducts
• itching symptoms of many skin diseases

On antitragus, between stop Wheezing and • Used for disease

Regulates excitation or inhibition of the cerebral cortex
BRAIN
Brain Stem points • systems; hemorrhage of nervous, digestive, endocrine, and urogenital

• apoplexy,
Disorders of the cerebral blood vessels and meninges, (e.g.,
hemiplegia, convulsions, stiffness along nape of neck,
On the border of the lower segment of the
BRAIN STEM etc. )
antitragus, near Neck point
• Also used for sequelae of cerebral shock, incomplete development
of the brain
On antitragus, between Brain point and Brain
VERTIGO Aural vertigo, prevents motion sickness
Stem point
On antitragus, superior and posterior to
THROAT & TEETH Toothache, swelling of gums, pharyngitis, tonsillitis
Occiput point
VISION #1 Inferior and anterior to the intertragic notch Glaucoma, atrophy of optic nerve, diseases below the eyes
VISION #2 Inferior and posterior to the intertragic notch Astigmatism and other ophthalmological diseases
• Regulates disturbance of endocrine f unction, aids in metabolic
function of absorption and excretion
At the extreme anterior portion in the bottom
ENDOCRINE • Has antiallergic and antirheumatic function
of the intertragic notch
• Used for gynecological and urogenital diseases, for dysfunction of
the digestive system, blood and skin diseases, malaria
On anterior, inferior part of the inner wall of Irregular menstruation, painful menstruation, infertility,
OVARIES
the antitragus developmental gynecological disorders
• Regulates excitation and inhibition of cerebra l cortex
SUBCORTEX
On anterior side of the inner wall of the
antitragus
• Often used for insomnia, lassitude and other neuropsychiatric
disorders
• Also for inflammation, excessive sw eating, and pain
On medial side in the bottom of the
HORMONE Inflammation, allergies, shock, rheumatism
intertragic notch
TESTICLES On superior part of inner wall of antitragus Sexual dysfunction, orchitis, eczema of scrotum
On inner wall of antitragus below Testicles
EXCITATION Narcolepsy, depression, emotional withdrawal
point
On inner wall of antitragus, below and Facia l nerve paralysis, severe muscle weakness, oculomotor nerve
NERVE
posterior to Excitation point para lysis
On inner wall of antitragus, below and
TOOTHACHE Toothache
posterior to Nerve point
• Regulates function of pituitary
• Used for dwarfism, acromegalic gigantism, polyuria
PITUITARY At the bottom of inner wall of antitragus • Also used for shock, improper contraction of uterus after
childbirth, sexual dysfunction, and disease resulting from
disturbances of endocrine function

TRIANGULAR FOSSA = fll~l"' ?'2!1

0~

NAME LOCATION INDICATIONS

Slightly above the parting of the two crura of the Obstetrical and gynecological diseases, sexual
UTERUS
antehelix, in the triangu lar fossa dysfunction in the male
In the lateral angle of the triangular fossa near the
PELVIC CAVITY intersection of the superior and inferior crura of the Pelvic cavity inflammation, painful menstruation
ante helix

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302 ACUPUNCTURE

• Regulates excitation and inhibition of cerebral cortex

• Sedative, analgesic, antiallergy effects
NEUROGATE In the triangular fossa, medial and superior to the • Used for neuropsychiatric disorder (hysteria,
(EAR-SHENMEN) pelvic Cavity point psychosis, etc), hypertension, coughing, allergic
asthma, itching symptoms, and pain
• Important point for anesthesia
In the triangular fossa, between the Uterus and Pelvic Anti-allergy, suppresses wheezing, bronchial asthma
WHEEZING cavity points
In the triangular fossa, between the wheezing and Acute and chronic hepatitis
HEPATITIS Pelvic cavity points
HIP JOINT In the triangular fossa, below the Hepatitis point Often used for pain of lower limb joints or buttocks
In the triangular fossa, lateral and inferior to the Inflammation of the adnexa, painful menstruation
ADNEXA Uterus point
CONSTIPATION In the triangular fossa, below the Adnexa point Constipation, bleeding from hemorrhoids
LOWER BLOOD In the superior angle of the triangular fossa where the Hypertension, headache (due to hypertension)
PRESSURE superior crus meets the helix
(NEW) DISTAL At the inferior angle of triangular fossa where the Enteritis, constipation, hemorrhoids, prolapsed anus
SEGMENT RECTUM inferior crus of the antehelix meets the helix
In the triangular fossa, medial to Uterus point and Frequent and urgent urination, painful urination,
(NEW) URETHRA incontinence, retention of urine
near the border of helix
(NEW) EXTERNAL In the triangular fossa, anterior and superior to Uterus Sexual dysfunction, leukorrhea, excessive menstruation
GENITALIA point
(NEW) PROXIMAL
In the triangular fossa, above the (new) Urethra point Functional disturbance of the colon
SEGMENT RECTUM

CONCHAE (CAVUM AND CYMBA) :fl:if!:fi-~IW'JH="J

~ 0

NAME LOCATION INDICATIONS

On superior, posterior wall of the opening of the Ulcers in the mouth, stiffness in the tempera-mandibular
MOUTH
external meatus joint
In the cavum of conchae, below midpoint of the Functional constipation of larynx, difficulty in swallowing
ESOPHAGUS
crus of helix due to hysteria, belching
In the cavum of conchae, below the crus of helix Pyloric spasm, belching, constriction of diaphragm causing
PYLORUS
and posterior to the Esophagus point regurgitation
Diseases of ST including indigestion, acute and chronic
In the cavum of conchae, where the crus of helix
STOMACH gastritis, peptic ulcer, distension of ST, belching, insomnia,
'disappears'
etc.
In the cymba of conchae, above the ST point and
PROLAPSE Prolapse of the viscera
posterior to the Duodenum point
In the cymba of conchae, between Prolapse and
DUODENUM Duodenal ulcer, pyloric spasm, hypoacidic ST
small intestine points
In the cymba of conchae, above midpoint of crus of Indigestion, enteritis, distension of intestine by gas heart
Sl
helix disease
In the cymba of conchae, above crus of helix, Enteritis, dysentery, diarrhea, constipation, hemorrhoids,
Ll
anterior to 51 point diseases of respiratory system
APPENDIX In the cymba of conchae, between Ll and 51 points Acute and chronic appendicitis
COLON #1 In the cymba of conchae, between Ll and UB points
In the cymba of conchae, between Appendix and The 3 points treat allergic colitis, ulcer of the colon,
COLON #2
Ureter points intestinal polyps, bleeding in lower digestive tract,
In the cymba of conchae, between the Prostate and diarrhea due to schistosomiasis
BLOOD BASE
Ll points
Prostatitis, urinary tract infection, blood in the urine,
PROSTATE In the cymba of conchae, medial to the UB point
painful urination, spermatorrhea, premature ejaculation
Cystitis, frequent and urgent urination, incontinence,
UB In the cymba of conchae, above the Ll point
retention of urine, enuresis, low back pain, neck pain
• Strengthening point, beneficial to the cerebrum, KD,
and hematopoietic system
• Used for incomplete development of brain, amnesia,
neurasthenia, vertigo, headache, lassitude, nerve
KD In the cymba of conchae, above the 51 point deafness, tinnitus, advancing deafness, loss of hair,
disease of the eyes, gynecological and urogenital
system diseases, assists in bone mending, loose teeth,
aplastic anemia, leukemia, edema, chronic pharyngitis,
electrolyte imbalance, etc.
In the cymba of conchae, between UB and KD
URETER KD stones, renal colic
points
Electrolyte imbalance, ascites, cirrhosis of LV intestinal
ASCITES In the cymba of conchae, above the 51 points
adhesions
Acute and chronic pancreatitis, diabetes, indigestion,
PANCREAS In the cymba of conchae, above Duodenum point
pancreatic diarrhea

RELAX MUSCLES In the cymba of conchae, posterior to ST point

• Used for relaxing muscles, and is important point in
anesthesia
• Also for hepatitis and cirrhosis of LV

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 ACUPUNCTURE 303

LEFT HEPATOMEGALY Above relax muscle point and lateral to Prolapse

AREA poi nt (approximately Smm long and 2 mm wide) Hepatitis, enlargement of LV (hepatomegaly)

Acute and chronic hepatitis, eye diseases, iron deficient

LV In t he cymba of conchae, above Left Hepatomegaly anemia and other blood diseases, arthritic pain, neuralgia,
Area headache, vertigo, ST gas and pain, gas in the Gl tract,
hemiplegia, seizures, muscle spasms
PANCREAS/GB In t he cymba of conchae, between LV and KD point Indigestion, pancreatitis, diabetes, cholecystitis, GB stones,
roundworm in bi le duct, chest and rib pain
RIGHT HEPATOMEGALY In t he cymba of conchae, between Relax Muscle and
AREA SP points (approximately Smm long and 2 mm wide) Hepatitis, enlargement of LV (hepatomega ly)
SCHISTOSOMIASIA LINE A straight line from Relax Muscle point to the Right Cirrhosis of LV due to schistosoiasis, as well as
Hepatomegaly Area in t he cavum of conchae enlargement of SP, diarrhea, indigestion
HEPATITIS AREA Between ST point and Right Hepatomegaly Area, in
the cymba of conchae Acute and chronic hepatitis

Between Blood pont and Right Hepatomegaly area, Indigestion, muscle atrophy (in general), blood diseases,
SP abnormal uterine bleeding, prolapsed anus, weakness
in the cavum of conchae
following a disease, prolapse of viscera, muscle weakness
BLOOD In the cymba of conchae, below the SP point and
level with t he Neck poi nt Hemorrhagic diseases

• Strengthens HT, anti-shock, regulates blood pressure

HT (B) In depression at the center of the cavum of conchae • Used for various mental diseases,
Buerger 's disease, anemia
HT diseases, glossitis,

Two points, one above and one below the HT point,

UPPER LU, LOWER LU • Various respiratory system and skin diseases, rhinitis,
near t he center of cavum of conchae
mutism, night sweats, spontaneous sweating
Posterior to and between the LU points, near the • Also used as analgesic points in acupuncture anesthesia
LATERAL LU
cavum of conchae
Two poi nts ant erior to and between the LU points,
BRONCHI Acute and chronic bronchitis, asthma
near t he center of cavum of conchae
Between and below the Esophagus and Pylorus
NEW EYE Ametropia, disease below the eye
point, above t he LU point
TRACHEA Between and medial to the two Bronchi points Diseases of trachea
Below Trachea point, above Bronchiectasis point, in Hepatitis, trachea l disorders, diseases affecting mesentery
TRIPLE BURNER
the cavum of conchae or peritoneum; diuretic function
BRONCHIECTASIS Above Hormone point in the cavum of conchae Bronchiectasis
Anterior and inferior to Pituitary point in the cavum
EMPHYSEMA Emphysema, wheezing
of conchae
• Various respiratory system and skin diseases, rhinitis,
mutism, night sweats, spontaneous sweating
LU Posterior to the Pituitary point
• Also used as analgesic points in acupuncture anesthesia
(Same as other LU points)

EAR LOBE lHI!:iOI*J

NAME LOCATION INDICATIONS
If the ea rlobe from below the intertragic notch is divided by
three para llel, horizontal lines, then sub-divided by two parallel
EYE vertica l lines, t he lobe wi ll be comprised of 9 sections Eye diseases
(numbered left to right, top to bottom). The eye point is in
section 5
Using the system outlined above under Eye point, one Tooth
TOOTH EXTRACTION Toothache, anesthesia for tooth extraction
Extraction Anesthetic point is in section 1, and the other Tooth
ANESTHETIC
Extraction Anesthetic point in section 4
Using syst em outlined above under Eye point, this point is
NEURASTHENIA Neurasthenia
between sections 1 and 4
Using system outlined above under Eye point, this point is in
TONGUE Glossitis, nervous aphasia
the center of section 2
Using system outlined above under Eye point, the Lower Palate
UPPER AND LOWER • These points are used for toothache,
point is in the anterior, superior part of section 2, and the
PALATE swelling of gums, stiffness in
Upper Pa late point in the posterior, inferior part of section 2
temporomand ibular joint, ulcers in the
Using system outlined above under Eye point, the Mandible mouth, swelling of submaxillary lymph glands
MAXILLA AND
poi nt is at the top of section 3, the Maxilla point in the lower • Also anesthesia points for tooth extraction
MANDIBLE
pa rt of section 3
Using system outlined above under Eye point, this point is in
INNER EAR Aural vertigo, tinnitus, deafness
section 6
Using system outlined above under Eye point, this point is in
TONSIL #4 Tonsillitis, pharyngitis
section 8
An elongated region stretching between the Eye and the Inner Facial paralysis, spasms of facial muscles,
FACE AREA
Ear points on the earlobe trigeminal neuralgia, parotitis
SPECIAL TUMOR AREA A line extending from Helix # 4 to Helix #6 on the earlobe Definite ana lgesic effect for pa in from tumors

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304 ACUPUNCTURE

BACK OF EAR Jlil''lftoiJH~Hl

· .. .
~ .... LOCATION ' .,.· INDICATIONS

LOWER BLOOD In trough along the backside of antehelix on the back of ear. This Hypertension (prick point)
PRESSURE GROOVE groove is divided into upper, middle and lower segments

UPPER BACK On back of ear, on lower cartilaginous prominence

Acute sprain of lower back, back pain:
LOWER BACK On back of ear, on upper cartilaginous prominence pruritis
MIDDLE BACK On back of ear, between Upper and Lower Back points
At midpoint on back of ear where the auricle intersects the Diseases of internal organs
VAGUS ROOT mastoid process
SUPERIOR ROOT OF At intersection of superior border of auricle with the skin of face
AURICLE Hemiplegia, hardening of funiculus lateral is
INFERIOR ROOT OF spinalis
At intersection of inferior border of superior auricular root
AURICLE
SPINAL CORD #1 Posterior border of superior auricular root
Muscle atrophy, paralysis
SPINAL CORD #2 Superior border of inferior auricular root
YANG LINKING Lateral and inferior to Vagus Root point, on back of ear Tinnitus

PRECAUTION OF AURICULAR ACUPUNCTURE

• If sudden dizziness, nausea, stuffiness of the chest or other fainting symptoms occur during treatment, the patient should be
1 managed in the same manner as during ordinary body acupuncture
• During initial visits, patients should be in a reclining position in order to avoid fainting

• STRICT ANTISEPSIS is necessary to avoid infection of the auricle

• In case of inflammation or redness of the needle hole or distension and pain of the auricle, timely and appropriate measures
2
should be taken such as applying 2% iodine or oral administration of anti-inflammation drugs
•Needling is contraindicated if frost-bite or inflammation is present on the auricle in order to avoid diffusion or inflammation

3 •• Aged
Ear acupuncture is not advisable for WOMEN DURING PREGNANCY IF THERE IS A HISTORY OF MISCARRIAGE
and weak patients with hypertension and arteriosclerosis should have proper rest before and after needling
• While there are extensive indications for ear acupuncture, it still has its limitations
4 • The therapeutic effects for some diseases are not satisfactory, or only symptomatic relief is achieved, therefore, in treating
some disorders, it is necessary to combine some other therapies

TERMINOLOGY COMPARISON SHANGHAI vs CAM

•'
SHANGHAI CAM ...' '·.

Adrenal Infratragic Apex

Allergy Interior Tubercle
Brain Middle Border
Diaphragm Middle Ear
Endocrine lntertragus
Lower Blood Pressure Groove Groove of inferior Antihelix crus
Neurogate Ear-shenmen
Parotid Gland Antitragic Apex
Siactic Nerve Ischium
Stop Wheezing Antitragic Apex
Sympathetic End of inferior Antihelix crus
Uterus Depression in Triangular Fossa
Vagus Root Root of Auricular vagus
Vision #1 Anterior Tragic Notch
Vision #2 Posterior Tragic Notch

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 ACUPUNCTURE 305

AURICULAR ACUPUNCTURE PRESCRIPTION

CAM

COMMON DISEASES EAR POINTS (SHANGHAI TERMINOLOGY)

1 Headache Forehead, Occiput, Subcortex, Brain, Neurogate
2 Migraine Forehead, Temple, Occiput, Neurogate I Neck, HT, LV, Ear apex, Helix # 6
3 Stiff neck Forehead, Cervical Vertebrae: (Tender spot)
4 Acute sprain Neurogate, Subcortex, sprained area (tender spot)
5 Sciatica Sciatic nerve
6 Phantom limb pain Neurogate, Forehead, Subcortex, corresponding areas
7 Postoperative incision pain Neurogate, Subcortex, Ear apex, LU, Corresponding areas
8 Postoperative abdominal distension Ll, 51, ST, Sympathetic, SP
9
Perifocal inflammation of the Shoulder, Shoulder joint, Clavicle, Adrenal I LV, SP, Brain, Tender spots in the
shoulder cavum conchae

10 Acute cholecystitis and gallstones ® Neurogate-7Abdomen, Sympathetic, GB, 0.2mm below GB-7Duodenum
© GB-7Duodenum
11 Ascariasis in the biliary duct LV, GB, Duodenum, Vagus root
12 Colic pain due t o urethral calculus KD, Abdomen, Sympathetic, Subcortex
13 Pain caused by cancer or tumor Subcortex, HT, Ear apex, Corresponding areas I Sympathetic, LV, Neurogate
14 Transfusion reaction Neurogate, Adrenal, Subcortex
15 Acute bacterial dysentery Ll, 51, Lower Portion of Rectum
16 Tertian malaria Adrenal, Subcortex, Endocrine
17 Epidemic parotitis (mumps) Parotid gland, Cheek, Subcortex
18 Bronchial asthma LU, Trachea, Adrenal, Stop wheezing, Neurogate I Vagus root, KD, SJ, Ll
19 Acute bronchitis LU Trachea, Neurogate, Occiput, Adrenal, Vagus root
20 Paroxysmal tachycardia HT, Sympathetic, Neurogate, Subcortex

21 Hypertension Adrenal, Lower blood pressure groove, Helix, Neurogate I Endocrine, Forehead,
Temple, LV, KD
22 Hiccough Sensitive spots near Diaphragm or Vagus root
23 Vomiting ST, LV, SP, Neurogate
24 Chronic gastritis ST, Sympathetic, LU I LV, SP, Mouth, Endocrine

25 Gastric or duodenal ulcer

ST, Duodenum, Sympathetic, Subcortex, Mouth I SJ, Neurogate, LV, SP,
Diaphragm
26 Acute diarrhea Ll {3 needles), ST
27 Enuresis KD, UB, LV, Subcortex I Endocrine, Brain, Urethra
28 Neurasthesia Neurogate, HT, Subcortex, Brain I KD, LV, Endocrine
29 Hysteria HT, Subcortex, Occiput, Brain I LV, Endocrine, Neurogate, Corresponding points
30 Facial neuritis Eye, Cheek, LV, Mouth I SP, Forehead, Neurogate, Adrenal
Sequelae of cerebrovascular
31 accident
Subcortex, Brain, LV, SJ, Corresponding areas I aphasia: HT, SP, dysphagia :
Mouth, Vagu s nerve, Throat
32 Dysmenorrhea Uterus, Endocrine, Vagus root
33 Functional bleeding of uterus Uterus, Endocri ne, Neurogate I SP, Subcortex, LV, Diaphragm
34 Insufficient lactation Chest (Puncture Most sensitive spot)
Neurogate, LU, Subcortex, Adrenal, Allergy I LV, SP, HT, Endocrine, Pancreas and
35 Itching of the skin GB
36 Urticaria Allergy, Adrenal, Parotid gland, LV
37 Neurodermatit is LU, Adrenal, Endocrine, Corresponding points
38 Herpes zoster LU, Subcortex, Endocrine, Corresponding areas
39 Verruca plana Neurogate, LU, Subcortex, Ll, Occiput, Endocrine
40 Stye Ear apex I Vision #1, Vision #2

41 Acute conjunctivitis
Bloodletting on Ear apex or on minor veins of retroauricle I Eye, Neurogate,
Ear apex
Electric ophthalmalgia and snow
42 blindness Eye I Eye, LV, KD

43 Congestive glaucoma Bloodletting on Lower blood pressure groove, Ear apex I Eye, LV, Vision #1,
Vision #2
44 Tinnitus and impaired hearing Ear, LV, KD
45 Acute tonsillitis Bleeding the veins of retroa u ride Ear apex, or Helix #3,4,6,
46 Hoarseness LU, Throat, Neck, Trachea, HT, Ll, KD
47 Toothache Ear apex

Ot her Types I Auricular Acupuncture

306 ACUPUNCTURE

SCALP ACUPUNCTURE

DEFINITION OF LINES OF THE SCALP

• MIDLINE OF THE HEAD: From the glabella to the EOP (occipital protuberance), this is the antero-posterior line
• EYEBROW-OCCIPITAL LINE: Each eyebrow (Yuyao) to the EOP (occipital protuberance)
e LOWER BORDER OF THE MOTOR LINE: The intersection of E-0 line with the hairline at the temple
• If the hairline is not present at this lower point, then a line is drawn above the midline of the zygomatic arch

METHOD

• 26-28 gauge 2.5-3 inch needles are recommended

• Insert almost horizontally to the scalp (not touching the bone)
• Once the needle is in place the needle should NOT be further raised or thrust
• It should be rapidly twirled (200 times per minutes is ideal)
• Wide amplitude should be used (2-3 rotations forward and 2-3 rotations back) until Qi is obtained
• Leave In place for 5-10 minutes
• Repeat the proceeding procedure 2 to 3 times
• Stimulation must be strong and the response somewhat intense to obtain satisfactory result
• It is best to have the client lie down to avoid fainting
• The precise location of the area lines bears directly on the result

PRINCIPLES OF SITE LOCATION FOR NEEDLING

Disease affecting ONE LIMB
Disease affecting limbs BILATERALLY
Disease of internal organs, SYSTEMIC
Contralateral side of the head is used.
Stimulate sites on both sides of the head.
In nature as hypertension, arteriosclerosis accompanied by numbness in the
limbs, urticaria or illness that are difficult to distinguish one side from the
other, should be treated on both sides of the scalp.

Other Types I Scalp Acupuncture

 ACUPUNCTURE 307

I SCALP ACUPUNCTURE LINES I

LINES OF MEASUREMENT MOTOR AREA MEASUREMENTS

Midline of Head
*
,_,_.. .. -- ....... ,
• 0.5 em behind
Midpoint of
eyebrow #
,
~ ''
\
midpoint is upper
\ point of motor area
\
•\ \
I Point of intersection
• Eyebrow-occiput between eyebrow
line -occiput line and
hairline at temple
External occipital
protuberance

STIMULATION AREAS - SIDE VIEW STIMULATION AREAS - TOP VIEW

Chorea and tremor

control area Upper point of
Blood vessel

movement area
Leg motor and
sensory area

Upper point of
sensory area

STIMULATION AREAS - BACK VIEW STIMULATION AREAS - FRONT VIEW

Leg motor and sensory area Thoracic cavity area

Speech #2 area
Reproduction area
LV and GB area

Balance area

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308 ACUPUNCTURE

AREA LOCATION INDICATION

:
LOWER LIMB AND Paralysis of lower limb

,. ...
TRUNK
UPPER LIMB
A line starting from a point O.Scm
posterior to midpoint of midline and
Upper fifth (opposite side)

0 Paralysis of upper limb

stretching diagonally across the head 2nd & 3rd fifths
T (opposite side)
to a point at the intersection of the
0 zygomatic arch (superior margin)
R Upper motor neuron paralysis
~.·:, FACIAL with the hairline at the temple of face (opposite side), motor
~·~ Lower 2 fifth aphasia, dribbling saliva,
t"' > I ,,,~ impaired speech
Low back pain (opposite side),

.. ·,, 1£~~~/ LOWER LIMB,

HEAD AND TRUNK
Upper fifth
numbness
that area,
or paresthesia in
occipital headache,
,. stiff neck, vertigo
i;'-~, A line parallel and l.Scm posterior
Pain, numbness or other

..
" ... UPPER LIMB 2nd & 3rd fifths paresthesia of upper limb
to the Motor line
0 (opposite side)
~a
·::
·.
~;
•y
FACIAL Lower 2 fifths
Migraine headache, trigeminal
neuralgia, toothache (opposite
,·.. side), arthritis of the
' temporomandibular joint
"'"
CHOREA & TREMOR Sydenham's chorea, tremors,
Parallel with and l.Scm anterior to Motor area line
CONTROL palsy and related syndromes
... . ?; BLOOD VESSEL
,··· · ...
DILATIONS &
Parallel with and l.Scm to Chorea and tremor control
Superficial edema, hypertension
·J"l';r'"~ CONSTRICTION area

~ ;·. Horizontal line l.Scm above and centered on the apex Tinnitus, vertigo, diminished
VERTIGO & HEARING
of ear, 4cm in length hearing, Meniere's syndrome

~'" Overlaps vertigo and hearing area at midpoint and

;~ SPEECH #3 Receptive aphasia
continues 3cm posteriorly
With the tuber parietale origin, three needles can be
. ~·.
VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT
inserted inferiorly, anteriorly and posteriorly to a
length of 3cm, between them, the 3 lines will form a
Apraxia
.,p, ..,,j 4Qo angle
.':.. ·..,
Paralysis, pain, or numbness of
H,. Parallel with midline of head lcm beside midpoint lower limb, acute lower back
:~-~~
LEG MOTOR & SENSORY
(bilaterally), about 3cm long sprain, nocturnal urination,
,.. prolapsed uterus

~~ Vertical line 2cm beside tuber parietale on back of

·.
SPEECH #2 Nominal aphasia
head, 3cm in length

:.1
"0
VISION
lcm lateral to external occipital protuberance, parallel
to midline of head, 4cm in length extending upward
Cortical blindness
··~
(.·i . ~~. 3cm lateral to external occipital protuberance, parallel
Loss of balance due to
BALANCE to midline of head, 4cm in length, extending
'~2, cerebellar disorders
downward
Asthma, chest pain,
F \\j THORACIC CAVITY Midway betwee~ and parallel with Stomach area and
intermittent supra-ventricular
midline of head, bilaterally, 2cm in length
tachycardia
,;:,~"
Beginning at the hairline directly above pupil of eye,
· ·~ ~~',
!~f
ST parallel with midline of head, 2cm in length extending
posteriorly
Discomfort in upper abdomen

,,~
Pain in upper right quadrant
A line 2cm in length extending anteriorly from the
LV & GB of the abdomen and/or right
Stomach area rib cage; chronic hepatitis
I{'

Parallel and lateral to the Stomach area at a distance Abnormal uterine bleeding,
REPRODUCTION equal to that between stomach area and the Thoracic combined with leg motor area
cavity area, 2cm in length for prolapsed uterus

Other Types I Scalp Acupuncture

 ACUPUNCTURE 309

ELECTRO ACUPUNCTURE

DEFINITION

• After a needle has been inserted at a point and the Qi sensation obtained, an electric current is passed through
the needle both to strengthen and alter the nature of stimulation

ADVANTAGES

• Time-saving
• The amount of stimulation can be objectively measured and regulated
• It produces a higher and more continuous level of stimulation
• It can supplement or, to some degree, substitute for needle puncture

METHODS

• Make sure the machine is turned off

• Conduct wires to the needles
• Gradually increase the current so as to monitor the patient's reaction
• Treatment time: 10-20 minutes, as long as 4-5 hours

SELECTING POINTS

• If TWO points complete the circuit: identical to regular acupuncture

• If Only ONE point is selected: the other electrode can be held in the hand or taped to the site

FREQUENCIES

REGULAR FREQUENCIES ALTERNATE QUICK AND SLOW

• Best for treating pain and spasm • Preferable in treating paralysis and numbness
• Drain Excess • Strengthen Deficiency

REMARKS

• Guard against fainting

• Prevent bending or breaking of needles
• Adjust the power very slowly
• When opposing points differ markedly in sensation, check the machine or wires
("~ Points below the elbow and knee or on the face are more sensitive)

OTHER CONSIDERATIONS

• Some oxidation on the surface of the needle, preventing proper conduction of the electric current

• A needle has been used for burning moxa

C Attach the clip to the body of the needle
• A gold coloration

• Don't use SILVER NEEDLES: because they are softer than stainless steel, and they may electrolyze in the body very
quickly and may result in a toxic reaction
• Contra-indicated for patients with a history of heart diseases. It is particularly important in such cases that the
electrical path DOES NOT CROSS THE HEART

Other Types I Electro Acupuncture

310 ACUPUNCTURE

FACE AND NOSE ACUPUNCTURE NCCAOM

FACE ACUPUNCTURE NOSE ACUPUNCTURE

TopofFace First Line

Throat Second line
KD Ear
LU
Breast Arm Third Line
HT Hand Chest
LV
GB Back Breast
SP Umbilicus Neck and Upper Back
ST Thigh Lumbar Vertebrae
Uterus-US Knee Upper limb
Patella Thigh and Hip
51 lower leg Knee and Lower Leg SP
Shoulder Reproductive Organs
Foot and Toes KD
Medial Thigh
ll Genitals
Foot

HAND ACUPUNCTURE NCCAOM

DORSAL ASPECT PALMAR ASPECT

Chest
Throat - ---ii-+-!-+___.<J Eyes
Occiput
Perineum
Be d we tting
Cough and Wheezing

Other Types I Face, Nose, Hand, Foot Acupuncture

 ACUPUNCTURE 311

FOOT ACUPUNCTURE NCCAOM

TOP VIEW BOTTOM VIEW

GB41--f--o 10 Units
GB42---1'---o o-->r-LV3
,.---.-LV2

OUTSIDE VIEW INSIDE VIEW

!
I

It
I

FOOT ACUPUNCTURE POINTS (SELECTED)

INDICATIONS 23 Stiff neck
1 Neurasthenia, hysteria, insomnia, low blood pressure 2S Acute sprain of lower back
2 Insomnia, hysteria, neurasthenia 26 Acute tonsillitis, parotitis
3 Sciatica, pain of lower back and leg 27 Same as #26. Also eczema, urticaria
Insomnia, hepatitis with jaundice, asthma, incomplete
4 maturation of brain
29 Functional uterine bleeding

5 Dysentery, diarrhea 30 Painful menstruation, abnormal uterine bleeding, P.I.D.

8 Same as #5 above 34 Hysteria, seizures, neurasthenia
Abdominal pain, acute, chronic Gl inflammation,
10 35 Sciatica, headache, abdominal pain
painful menstruation
Abdominal pain, acute, chronic Gl inflammation, ST
11 44 Incontinence, frequent urination
spasms
13 Sciatica, urticaria, shoulder pain 45 Toothache
14 Toothache 46 Headache
15 Low back pain, spasm of gastrocnemius muscle 47 Headache
17 Angina pectoris, asthma, com mon cold 48 Headache
19 Hypertension, parotitis, acute tonsillitis 49 Common cold, headache, sinusitis, rhinitis
20 Acute, chronic Gl inflammation, gastric, duodenal ulcer so Trigeminal neuralgia
21 Sciatica, parotitis, tonsillitis 51 Intercostal neuralgia, chest pain, fullness in chest

Other Types I Face, Nose, Hand, Foot Acupuncture

312 ACUPUNCTURE

KOREAN HAND ACUPUNCTURE DASARI STYLE

JAEHOON KIM

BODY HAND

Head

Right Arm

0
0 kle
;Ill
An
"',....
)>

?;;
"m
n
-1

Other Types I Korean Hand Acupunc ture

 ACUPUNCTURE 313

ACUPUNCTURE ANALGESIA itMMieJDI~ l

BOTH SlOES DISEASED SIDE LEFT SIDE

® @

SELECTING POINTS
OPERATION
PRIMARY SECONDARY
1 CRANIAL OPERATION
• ST43, GB41, LV3, Sl18 (@ side)
• Ll4, PC6, Sl18

2 RETINA DETACHMENT
• Ll4, SJ6 (All @ side) • AURICULAR: Forehead towards Eye1; Eye2,
GB14-7Yuyao (All @ side)

3 OPERATIONS OF TRICHIASIS
FOR ENTROPION • Ll4 (@ side)
• LV3, GB37

4 CORRECTION OF
STRABISMUS
• Ll4, SJ6, GB14-7Yuyao, ST2-75Tl (All @ side +
electric stimulation) • Ll4, SJ6, Sl3, GB25

5 CATARACT COUCHING
• Ll4, SJS-7PC6 (All @ side)
• Ll4, SJ6 (All @ side)

6 ENUCLEATION OF EYEBALL
• Ll4, SJS, Sl3 (All @ side. If the eyeball is
sensitive, administer 1% dicaine for surface • AURICULAR: LU, LV, KD, Eye1, Eye2,
anaesthesia during the operation) Ea r-Shenmen, Sympathetic Nerve

••
Ll4, SJS (All @ side): hand manipulation
7 IRIDECTOMY
ST44 (@ side): retain t he needle after "De Qi"
@

8 SHORTENING OF SCLERA • Ll4, SJ6, GB14-7Yuyao, ST2-75Tl (All @ side +

electric stimu lation.) • Ll4, SJ6 (All @ side + electric stimulation.)

9
REPLANTATION OF
PTERYGIUM • AURICULAR: Eye, LV (All 1:)) side) @

10 EXENTERATION OF ORBIT • Ll4, SJ6 / AURICULAR: Forehead-7~1 Ear-

Shenmen-?Sympathetic Nerve (All B side)
@

• ST40, GB38, UB59, ST43, LV3, GB43 (All @

11
RESECTION OF TUMOUR IN
PAROTID GLANDS
side. Needles are retained after needling
sensation is produced)
• ST44, PC6 towards SJS

12
OPERATION IN THE
SUBMAXILLARY REGION • ST40, GB34, UB59, LV3, SP4, PC6 (All @ side) • AURICULAR: Maxillary, KD, Ear-Shenmen,
towards Sympathetic Nerve, LU

••
PLASTIC OPERATION OF THE ST40, GB38, UB59, LV3 (@ sides) @
13 TEMPROMENDIBULAR JOINT SP4, Ll4 (@ side)

14 RESECTION OF THE MIXED

TUMOR OF THE PALATE • Ll4, PC6, SP4 @

•• Ll4, SJ6, (All @ side)

AURICULAR: Ear-Shenmen, LU, KD, Ear (All @
15 RADICAL MASTOIDECTOMY
• SJS, GB34 (All ® side + electric stimulation)
side. In the induction period, use the auricular
points only)

16
OPERATION TO EXPOSE THE
TYMPANIC CAVITY • Ll4, Sl3, SJS (All ® sides) @

17 TYMPANOTOMY
• Ll4 (@ or @ side)
• SJS, PC6, GB34, Ll4

18 TOTAL LARYNGECTOMY
• AURICULAR: Ear-Shenmen towards Sympathetic
Nerve, Forehead towards Ear-Asthma, Adrenal • Ll4, PC6, ST9
• Ll4, SJ6 (All © side)

20 TONSILLECTOMY
• Throat, Tonsil (All @ side)
• Ll4 (@ side)

21 TOOTH EXTRACTION •• For upper Teeth : ST6, Sl18

For lower teet: STS
@

22 LATERAL NASAL INCISION

• Ll4, SJ6, ST3, ST2 (All @ side) @

23 RADICAL MAXILLARY
SINUSOTOMY
• Ll4, SJ6, (During the induction period,
ST3-7Dicang is added) • Ll4, PC6, ST44, Ll 20

24 RADICAL FRONTAL
SINUSOTOMY • GB14, UB2, ST3, ST2, Ll4, SJ6 (All @ side) @

25 NASAL POLYPECTOMY • Ll4, Ll20 (@ or @ side) • AURICULAR: LU, Nose, Ear-Shenmen-7

Sym pathetic Nerve

26 RESECTION OF THYROID
ADENOMA • Ll4, PC6 •• Ll18
AURICULAR: Ea r-Shenmen, LU, Neck, Endocrine

SEPARATION OF MITRAL
27 VALVE • PC6, Ll4, SJ6 (All @ side) @

28 RESECTION OF
PERICARDIUM • Ll4, PC6 (All @ side) @

Other Types I Acupuncture Analgesia

314 ACUPUNCTURE

e Ll4, PCG, SJS, PCG, PC4

e AURICULAR: Ear-Shenmen, LU, Sympathetic
Nerve, Gastric (All © side)
• LU, SP, Sympathetic Nerve, Ear-Shenmen, SJ

e ST36, GB28 (All @ .

• ST36, SPG, GB26, Neimadian (midpoint of SP9 e AURICULAR: Ear-Shenmen, LU, Uterus
and internal malleolus) {All ® side) (Triangular fossa), Abdomen

PANHYSTERECTOMY WITH e AURICULAR: Uterus, LU, Ear-Shenmen,

RESECTION OF APPENDIXES • DU2, DU4, GB26, ST36, SPG, UB33 or UB3 2 (All Abdomen, Endocrine (in cavum conchae),
OF THE UTERUS ® side) External Genitals

• ST36, SPG, GB26, Qiecou {Peri-incision

e ST36, LVG {All @ side) acupuncture)

e SPG, UB32, UB57

e AURICULAR: LU, Lower Portion of Rectum (All
HEMORRHOIDECTOMY @ side + electric stimulation)
• AURICULAR: Ear-Shenmen, LU, waist, Ureter (All
NEPHRECTOMY e L14, PCG, ST36, SPG, LV3 {All @ side)
@side)
• AURICULAR: Shoulder towards Shoulder Joint,
• Ll4, (@ side)
Ear-Shenmen, Sympathetic Nerve, KD {All @
side)
e AURICULAR: Shoulder, Arm. (All @ side)

e Sl9, LllS, 513, L14, PCG e AURICULAR: Ear Shenmen, LU, Arm, Elbow

e LUS, HT2 (All side)

INTERNAL FIXATION OF
FRACTURES OF THE e ST36, ST40, UB59, GB36, GB39, SPG, GB40, e AURICULAR: Ear-Shenmen, Sympathetic Nerve,
FEMURAL NECK WITH ST43 (All @ side + electric stimulation) Coxa, Ischium, LU, KD
THREE-FLANGED NAIL
RESECTION OF VALVULA
SEMILUNARIS AND FUSION e ST32, SP9, GB34, SPlO, ST34, SPG, GB30, GB31 e AURICULAR: Sympathetic Nerve, KD, Knee, LU
OF ARTICULATIO GENUS
e AURICULAR: Ear-Shenmen, LU, KD, Ischium~
e GB30, UB54, GB31, GB34, SP9, SPG Sympathetic Nerve {All @ side + electric
stimulation)

Other Types I Acupuncture Analgesia

CHAPTER4

Herbs
 HERBS 317

CA BOARD HERB LIST PINYIN & CHINESE•KOREAN

1. DISPERSE WIND-COLD Ban Lan Gen t&~~~ (E.fhl2) 13. DISSOLVE HOT-PHLEGM
• Ma Huang Ji: Ji'i (Df ~) Shan Dou Gen UlfH~ (0-'F2) • Qian Hu M tJl(~ 2)
• Gui Zhi fi tt (JU XI ) Tu Fu Ling ±~~ ( £~~)
• Chuan Bei Mu Jl l .l'till: (c:!ll!l2)
• Zi Su Ve ~M~ ( :A:f~gJ ) Pu Gong Ying lill0~ (.:il ~23) Zhe Bei Mu 51Ji¥iill: ( ~ll!l2)
• Jing Jie iiiJ iF (~ JH ) Bai Jiang Cao 1'& fi 1jt (Jill 21" ~ ) Gua Lou Pi m•el (llf~IIIJ
• Fang Feng ~JJ m (~ ~) He Ye filf :l!!: (of gJ) • Gua Lou J1\ ~ ( llf ~)
• Qiang Huo :5't 53 ( ~ ~) Gua Lou Ren )1\~f= (llf~ ~)
Gao Ben a ::$: (::J g) 7. CLEAR DEFICIENT-HEAT • Zhu Ru tt %i(~ 01)
• Bai Zhi 8 Jf ( ~ XI) • Qing Hao 'llf ~ ( ~ :2) Hai Zao 56i ~ (oH ~)
• Xi Xin *1!1 $ (A11 t!) Di Gu Pi ±-til~ Bl (XI ~III )
Xin Vi Hua $~1£ (t!OI£1-) Bai Wei 8 li&(~ 01) 14. DISSOLVE COLD-PHLEGM
Cang Er Zi :i':EI:-T- (gOI Xf) • Tian Nan Xing ~i¥1£ ( ~l=f{g)

• Sheng Jiang ~ I ~~ ~) 8. PURGATIVES • Ban Xia Jl(~ of)

Xiang Ru if
- ~~ ~) • Da Huang * Ji'i((] ~) Xuan Fu Hua *
mEli1£ (~~£f)
• Mang Xiao c ~j!j (2{ ~) • Bai Qian 8 Jltr(~ ~)
2. DISPERSE WIND-HEAT Lu Hui lit i§(!:c :2J) Bai Jie Zi 81F-T- (~ JH:A:f)

• Bo He il f\lf (S!.J- of) • Jie Geng ~i1iff (~ ~)

• Niu Bang Zi 4~-T- ( Sf-~:A:f ) 9. LAXATIVES

• Chan Tui !!i ~ ~~ EH) Huo Ma Ren :klnf= (£1-0f~) 15. STOP COUGH/WHEEZING
• Sang Ye ~ :li!: ( ~ gJ) • Xing Ren 'i!i' i= (~ ~)
• ~ 1£ ( ~ £1-) 10. CATHARTICS • Zi Su Zi ~~-T- (Af ~:A:f)

I I
Ju Hua
Man Jing Zi !hJ -T- ('2! gj :A:f) I Da Ji I* U([] ~) • Zi Wan ~ ~ (:A:f gfj

• Dan Dou Chi 5i!ZILilt (15- -'FAI ) • Kuan Dong Hua jfJ:~1£ ( t!f~£f)
l!iX(~ ~) • a !\II(~ !:F)
•
Mu Zei
Chai Hu *
~ tJl (AI .2 ) •
11. DRAIN DAMP
Fu Ling ~ ~~~ ~)
Bai Bu
Pi Pa Ve ~1tffi:li!: (tJiufgJ)
• Sheng Ma Tt Ill (@ Of) • Fu Ling Pi ~~Bl ~~~lll) • Sang Bai Pi ~Bel ~~~III)

• Ge Gen :e; ~~ ( ~ 2) Vi Vi Ren ~:0:1= (~01~)

• ~ (:A:1 ~)
3. CLEAR & PURGE HEAT •
Zhu Ling
Ze Xie "
;; ~ (§j Af) •
16. AROMATICS FOR DAMP
Huo Xiang w if ( ~ ~)

• Shi Gao ::t:i If ( ~ ::J) Dong Gua Ren ~Jl\1= ( ~llf:A:f) • Cang Zhu if 7ft(2J- ~)

• Zhi Mu ~ ill: (XI 2) Han Fang Ji ;~\HJJc ~ ~~ J I) • Hou Po ~ *~ (-'i< S!.J- )

• Tian Hua Fen ~1£*51 (c:!£f3'! ) Yin Chen 00 Ill ( ~ ~) Bai Dou Kou 81[~ (~ -'F =?)

• Lu Gen lit ~~ (!:c 2) • Deng Xin Cao ffi:{.':!jt ( §~~) Sha Ren li:P 1= (Af ~)

• Dan Zhu Ye 5i!Ztt:li!: ( 'EJ-~gJ) • Mu Tong ;m (~ ~) Cao Dou Kou 1itrL~ (~-'F=?)

• Zhi Zi ~ -T- (XI Af) Dong Kui Zi *

~~-T- ( ~1Hf) Cao Guo 1jt *!~ llf)
Xia Ku Cao ~t51it ( of::J~ J • Qu Mai \111. w- (=? <:!!l)
Jue Ming Zi ;;J<:aJH ( ~23:A:f)
• Bian Xu :li ~ ( £'! ~) 17. DIGESTIVES
Shi Wei ::t:i ;lf ( ~ 5fi) • Shan Zha Ul ~(0 Af)
4. CLEAR BLOOD-HEAT • Che Qian Zi :ll!M-T- (::ln!Xf) • Mai Va w- 3¥(<:!!l Of)
Shui Niu Jiao 7)<.!:f-)ij (=?Sf-2.t ) • Hua Shi ''~'~""' ::t:i (il" ~) Gu Ya ""'-
0 3¥ (~ Of)
• Sheng Di Huang ~±tt!.Ji'i (~ XI~) Di Fu Zi ±UH (:A:I!:F:A:f) • Shen Qu ~$ ilH (t! ~)
• Xuan Shen 1i: ~ ( 2! ~) Bi Xie !! jij: (tJI oHJ Ji Nei Jin ~pg~ (JjiLHi3)

• Mu Dan Pi ~JU'!-Bl ( ~8ul ) • Sheng Jiang Pi ~-Bl ~ ~~lll) • Lai Fu Zi wlm-T- ( Lf~XfJ
Zi Cao ~ 1it (:A:f ~)

12. DISPEL WIND-DAMP 18. REGULATE Ql

S. CLEAR DAMP-HEAT • Du Huo 1li 53 ( ~ il") • Chen Pi ll* Bl ( ~ lll)
• •
- *-l(g
~

Huang Qin jOf ~ ~~ .3 ) Wei Ling Xian ~i!ift!J (5fi ~ ~) Ju Hong ~ ~)

• Huang Lian Ji'i ~ (rJ ~) Hai Tong Pi 5&'111i1Bl (OH ~ ul J Qing Pi f'l Bl (Zl lll)
• Huang Bai :If{ ~B ~ ~ ~) • Qin Jiao ~ :tL(~ iii) • Zhi Shi ~R 'Jr (XI ~)

• Long Dan Cao ~Ufj:!jt ( g \5" ~ ) Mu Gua

* J1\ (~ llf) • Zhi Ke ~R ~ ( XI 2.t)
• Ku Shen '2\' ~ (::J ~) Sang Zhi ~ tt(~ XI) • Da Fu Pi :klliBl ([] ~ lll)
Xi Xian Cao ~'ft::!jt (£1 ~ ~ ) • Xiang Fu if 'tt (g} !:F )
6. CLEAR TOXIC-HEAT Bai Hua She 81trt: (~£1-Af) Chuan Lian Zi Jil :f'T- ~ ~~:A:f)
• Jin Yin Hua ~J&1t ( i3g£f ) Wu Jia Pi IiiJOBl (2Jflll) Wu Yao .~ ~(2 QJ')

• Lian Qiao ~ ~ ( 2! .il! ) • Sang Ji Sheng ~'iit~ ( ~JI~J Chen Xiang Ji: if (~ ~)
She Gan M T-(Af 2_1-) • Mu Xiang
* if ( ~ ~)

Index I Pinyin to Chinese, Korean

318 HERBS

19. STOP BLEEDING 23. BLOOD TONICS 28. NOURISH & CALM SHEN
Pu Huang Ji Jli(~ g) • Shu Di Huang ~±i!ll'l\: (~XIg) • Suan lao Ren l!Jt~1= (03':~)

San Qi -- -I:;(~ gj)

• Dang Gui """' !IW(El- 7'1) • Bai Zi Ren te-T-1= (l!i:!Xf~)
Qian Cao ®. !j!(c:J I:) • Bai Shao 8 9 (1!1:! 'Q) • Yuan Zhi ~ ;5(~ .AI)

Xian He Cao 1U!i~!j! ({':121-I:)

• E Jiao ~iij ~(Of Jll) • Ye Jiao Teng 1$<XJli (O~Jll §)
Bai Ji 8 "&(1!1:! ~) Gou Qi Zi 1'1iltc-T- (~JIXf) Fu Shen 1St:: ~$ (~ H)

Huai Hua Mi 1tiE* (lll.zfDI) Sang Shen ~ {M;(~ ~)

Di Yu ±ill tiN (XI ~) • Long Van Rou IIUN~ (g[ll-~) 29. AROMATICS FOR ORIFICES
Ce Bai Ye 1l!IHB ~ ('~ 1!1:! gJ ) Niu Huang
Bai Mao Gen a~t~ (1!1:!22) 24. YANG TONICS
Ai Ye X: ~(Of gj) Lu Rong 1ft li (~ g) 30. EXTINGUISH LIVER WIND
Rou Cong Rong ~12£~ (~§g) • Tian Ma 7<:: l!l(c:l Of)
20. ACTIVATE BLOOD Suo Yang ill ~ (±H 2J') • Gou Teng ~ti] Jli(~ §)
• Chuan Xiong !II ~(c:l 3) Hu Tao Ren "li!l~t1= (.25::~) • Shi Jue Ming -Eiiol::IJJ'l (~~23)

Van Hu Suo l!"lill'* (2J.26'j) Yin Yang Huo i'¥"Fm (~2J'~) Bai Ji Li B~i' (1!1:!@!2.~)

Yu Jin fj~ ~(~ iS) Xian Mao 1U1 ~ (t! 2) Dai Zhe Shi 1-t~li-Ei ([jj Xf ~)
• Dan Shen f!- ~(8 ~) Ba Ji Tian E. t\o:l<:: (llf.:::; c:l) • Di Long iii! ~~~ (XI ~)

• Chi Shao 9 (~ 'Q)

'* • Bu Gu Zhi ffll~~lir (!I'~XI)

• Vi Mu Cao ~-fll:!j! ('2.l2:f:) Vi Zhi Ren ~~1= ('2.JXI~) 31. EXPEL PARASITES
Ze Lan ii raJ (§j E:f) Gou Ji ji;J ¥f(~ ~) Bing Lang
• Tao Ren ~t 1=(5:: ~) Gu Sui Bu ~~fill (~±H!I')

• Hong Hua t.r it(~ 2:f) Xu Duan *i lliT (~ 8) 3Z~ EXTERNAL USE

• Mo Yao .'h
,:;z ~(~ Q{) • Du Zhong H 1<1' (~ 3) She Chuang Zi ~tt*-T- (Af~Xf)

• Ru Xiang 'fL ~(~ g{) Tu Si Zi 5E**-T- (~Af).J)

San Leng - =fi (~ ~) 33. OBSOLETE SUBSTANCES
E Zhu f1 711: (Of ~) 25. YIN TONICS • Zhu Sha
* liJI (9 Af)
• Huai Niu Xi m!f-l!l (2:f SF-~) Bai He a it(l!l:! g) Ma Dou Ling .~'feii (Of~~)

• Chuan Niu Xi Jll!f-J!l (~Sf-~) • Tian Men Dong 7<::r9~ (~§'~) Chuan Shan Jia :Willltl (c:IH~)
Wang Bu Liu Xing ±1'~1T (~~~~)
• Mai Men Dong w:r9~ (Qfi§'~)
;y ~(Af ~)
Sha Shen
21. WARM INTERIOR Shi Hu -Ei 1¥!(~ ~)
• Chuan Wu )II ~ (c:l 2) Nu Zhen Zi 31:-~-T- (O:I~Xf)

• Cao Wu :1j! .~ (I: 2)

• Hei Zhi Ma ~~lirlll ('~XI Of)

• Fu Zi m -T-(!of! Xf) • Gui Ban n t.& (~ t'f)

• Gan Jiang ~ "ii(Z:i ~) • Bie Jia ~ ltl (1§1 ~)

• Rou Gui ~ :fi (~ J11)

• Hua Jiao Tt #'!. (2:f :f:) 26. ASTRINGENTS

• Wu Zhu Yu ~?f:§ii! (2*~) • Shan Zhu Yu ill?f:§ii! W*~l
Xiao Hui Xiang 'J'i1li~ (:i:2:f g{) Jin Ying Zi ~~-T- (iS~Xf)
Ding Xiang T ~(~ g}) Hai Piao Xiao iliJt~m (oH Hi)
Gao liang Jiang ~IHI (::LI~m Fu Pen Zi li:iil-T- (~~Xf)
Bi Ba ¥ 7J(j§-l \1!) Qian Shi 3': 'j' (~ ~)
Hu Jiao "li!l #'1.(2 :f:) lian Zi ;I -T-(21 Xf)

• Wu Wei Zi lill'l<-T- (201Xf)

22. Ql TONICS • Bai Guo 8 *(1!1:! llf)
• Ren Shen A. ~ (~ ~)
.... ~(Er ~) • Wu Mei ~ ;jlij(2 DH)

• Dang Shen J\11\ He Zi ~iij -T- (Jf Xf)

• Huang Qi jli ~(g Jl) Chi Shi Zhi 5Jf< -Ei ~Iii ( ~ ~ XI )

• Bai Zhu 8 711:(1!1:! ~) • Rou Dou Kou ~li~ (~~~)

Bai Bian Dou 8-ffiili (1!1:!1!'!~) • Chun Pi :f!f l1l (e lll)

• Shan Yao ill ~(0 Q{) • Fu Xiao Mai i'¥'J'W: (!of!:i:Qfi)
• Da Zao
* ~ ([jj 3':)

• Gan Cao 1t !j!(~ 30:) 27. ANCHOR SHEN

• Zhi Gan Cao ~i:t!j! (Xf~:f:) Long Gu llg ~(g ~)

• Vi Tang 6J...
~" ~ (01 Er) Mu li u 'i\1(2 2.~)

• Feng Mi 'I! l!l\:(~ \§l) Ci Shi !itt -Ei(Af ~) CA BOARD HERBS : 247

• Geng Mi l~ *(~ 01) Zhen Zhu I~ *(?J 9) HERBS IN CA 63 FORMULAS (e) : 137

Index I Pinyin to Chinese, Korean

 HERBS 319

CA BOARD HERB LIST PINYIN & PHARMACEUTICAL NAME

1. DISPERSE WIND-COLD BAN LAN GEN lsatidis/Baphicacanthis Radix

• MAHUANG Ephedrae Herba SHAN DOU GEN Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix
• GUI ZHI Cinnamomi Ramulus TU FU LING Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma
• Zl SU YE Perillae Folium PU GONG YING Taraxaci Herba
• JING JIE Schizonepetae Herba BAI JIANG CAO Patriniae Herba
• FANG FENG Saposhnikoviae Radix HE YE Nelumbinis Folium
• QIANG HUO Notopterygii Rhizoma seu Radix
GAO BEN Ligustici Rhizoma 7. CLEAR DEFICIENT-HEAT
• BAI ZHI Angelicae Dahuricae Radix
• QING HAO Artemisiae Annuae Herba
• XI XIN Asari Herba Dl GU PI Lycii Cortex
XIN VI HUA Magnoliae Flos BAI WEI Cynanchi Atrati Radix
CANG ER Zl Xanthii Fructus
• SHENG JIANG Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens 8. PURGATIVES
XIANG RU Moslae Herba • DA HUANG Rhei Radix et Rhizoma
• MANG XIAO Natrii Sulfas
2. DISPERSE WIND-HEAT LU HUI Aloe

• 80 HE Menthae Haplocalycis Herb a

• NIU BANG Zl Arctii Fructus 9. LAXATIVES

• CHAN TUI Cicadae Periostracum j HUO MA REN ICannabis Semen
• SANG YE Mori Folium

• JU HUA Chrysanthemi Flos 10. CATHARTICS

MAN JING Zl Viticis Fructus DA Jl Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix

• DAN DOU CHI Sojae Semen Preparatum

11. DRAIN DAMP
MU ZEI Equiseti Hiemalis herba
• CHAI HU Bupleuri Radix • FU LING Poria

• SHENG MA Cimicifugae Rhizoma • FU LING PI Poriae Cutis

• GE GEN Puerariae Radix VI VI REN Coicis Semen

• ZHU LING Polyporus
3. CLEAR & PURGE HEAT • ZE XIE Alismatis Rhizoma

• SHI GAO Gypsum Fibrosum DONG GUA REN Benincasae Semen

• ZHI MU Anemarrhenae Rhizoma HAN FANG Jl Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix

• TIAN HUA FEN Trichosanthis Radix YIN CHEN Artmisiae Scopariae Herba

• lU GEN Phragmitis Rhizoma • DENG XIN CAO Junci Medulla

• DAN ZHU YE Laphatheri Herba • MU TONG Akebiae Cauris

• ZHI Zl Gardeniae Fructus DONG KUI Zl Malvae Fructus

XIA KU CAO Prunellae Spica • QU MAl Dianthi Herba
JUE MING Zl Cassiae Semen • BIAN XU Polygoni Avicularis Herba
SHI WEI Pyrrosiae Folium
4. CLEAR BLOOD-HEAT • CHE QIAN Zl Plantaginis Semen
SHUI NIU JIAO Bubali Cornu • HUA SHI Talcum

• SHENG Dl HUANG Rehmanniae Radix Dl FU Zl Kochiae Fructus

• XUAN SHEN Scrophulariae Radix Bl XIE Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma

• MU DAN PI Moutan Cortex • SHENG JIANG PI Zingiberis Rhizomatis Cortex

Zl CAO Arnebiae/Lithospermi Radix
12. DISPEL WIND-DAMP
5. CLEAR DAMP-HEAT • DU HUO Angelicae Pubescentis Radix

• HUANG QIN Scutellariae Radix WEI LING XIAN Clematidis Radix

• HUANG LIAN Coptidis Rhizoma HAl TONG PI Erythrinae Cortex

• HUANG BAI Phellodendri Cortex • QIN JIAO Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix
• LONG DAN CAO Gentianae Radix MU GUA Chaenomelis Fructus
• KU SHEN Sophorae Flavescentis Radix SANG ZHI Mori Ramulus
XI XIAN CAO Siegesbeckiae Herba
6. CLEAR TOXIC-HEAT BAI HUA SHE Agkistrodon/Bungarus
• JIN YIN HUA lonicerae Flos WU JIA PI Eleutherococci Gracilistyli Cortex
• LIAN QIAO Forsythiae Fructus • SANG Jl SHENG Taxilli Herba
SHE GAN Belamcandae Rhizoma

Index I Pinyin to Pharmaceutical (by Category)

320 HERBS

13. DISSOLVE HOT-PHLEGM 19. STOP BLEEDING

PU HUANG Typhae Pollen
• QIAN HU Peucedani Radix
SAN Ql Notoginseng Radix
• CHUAN BEl MU Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus
Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus QIAN CAO Rubiae Radix
ZHE BEl MU
GUA LOU PI Trichosanthis Pericarpium XIAN HE CAO Agrimoniae Herba
Bletillae Rhizoma
• GUA LOU Trichosanthis Fructus
Trichosanthis Semen
BAI Jl
HUAI HUA Ml Sophorae Flos lmmaturus
GUA LOU REN
Sanguisorbae Radix
• ZHU RU Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam
Sargassum
Dl VU
CE BAI VE Platycladi Cacumen
HAl ZAO
BAI MAO GEN lmperatae Rhizoma
14. DISSOLVE COLD-PHLEGM AI VE Artemisiae Argyi Folium

• TIAN NAN XING Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum

• BAN XIA Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum 20. ACTIVATE BLOOD
XUAN FU HUA lnulae Flos • CHUAN XIONG Chuanxiong Rhizoma

• BAI QIAN Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma

Sinapis Semen
VAN HU SUO
VU JIN
Corydalis Rhizoma
Curcumae Radix
BAI JIE Zl
• JIE GENG Platycodi Radix • DAN SHEN Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix
• CHI SHAO Paeoniae Radix Rubra
15. STOP COUGH/WHEEZING • VI MU CAO Leonuri Herba
• XING REN Armeniacae Semen ZE LAN Lycopi Herba
• Zl SU Zl Perillae Fructus • TAO REN Persicae Semen
• Zl WAN Asteris Radix • HONG HUA Carthami Flos
• KUAN DONG HUA Farfarae Flos • MO VAO Myrrha
• BAI BU Stemonae Radix • RU XIANG Olibanum
PI PAVE Eriobotryae Folium SAN LENG Sparganii Rhizoma
• SANG BAI PI Mori Cortex E ZHU Curcumae Rhizoma
• HUAI NIU XI Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix
16. AROMATICS FOR DAMP • CHUAN NIU XI Cyathulae Radix
• HUO XIANG Pogostemonis/Agastaches Herba WANG BU LIU XING Vaccariae Semen
• CANG ZHU Atractylodis Rhizoma
• HOU PO Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex 21. WARM INTERIOR
BAI DOU KOU Amomi Fructus Rotundus • CHUAN WU Aconiti Radix Preparata
SHA REN Amomi Fructus • CAO WU Aconiti Kusnezoffii Preparata
CAO DOU KOU Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen • FU Zl Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata
CAO GUO Tsaoko Fructus • GAN JIANG Zingiberis Rhizoma
• ROU GUI Cinnamomi Cortex
17. DIGESTIVE& • HUA JIAO Zanthoxyli Pericarpium
• SHAN ZHA Crataegi Fructus
• WU ZHU VU Evodiae Fructus
• MAl VA Hordei Fructus Germinatus XIAO HUI XIANG Foeniculi Fructus
GU VA Setariae(Oryzae) Fructus DING XIANG Caryophylli Flos
• SHEN QU massa medicata Fermentata GAO LIANG JIANG Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma
Jl NEI JIN Gigeriae Galli Endothelium Corneum Bl BA Piperis Longi Fructus
• LAI FU Zl Raphani Semen HU JIAO Piperis Fructus

18. REGULATE Ql 22. Ql TONICS

• CHEN PI Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium • REN SHEN Ginseng Radix
• JU HONG Citri Reticulatae Exocarpium Rubrum • DANG SHEN Codonopsis Radix
QING PI Citri Reticulatae Viride Pericarpium • HUANG Ql Astragali Radix
• ZHI SHI Aurantii Fructus lmmaturus
• BAI ZHU Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma
• ZHI KE Aurantii Fructus BAI BIAN DOU Lablab Semen Album
• DA FU PI Arecae Pericarpium • SHAN VAO Dioscoreae Rhizoma
• XIANG FU Cyperi Rhizoma • DA ZAO Jujubae Fructus
CHUAN LIAN Zl Toosendan Fructus • GAN CAO Glycyrrhizae Radix
WU VAO linderae Radix • ZHI GAN CAO Glycyrrhizae Radix Preparata
CHEN XIANG Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum • VI TANG Maltosum
• MU XIANG Aucklandiae Radix • FENG Ml Mel
• GENG Ml Semen Oryzae

Index I Pinyin to Pharmaceutical (by Category)

 HERBS 321

23. BLOOD TONICS 28. NOURISH & CALM SHEN

• SHU Dl HUANG Rehmanniae Radix Preparata
• SUAN ZAO REN Ziziphi Spinosae Semen
• DANG GUI Angelicae Sinensis Radix
• BAI Zl REN Platycladi Semen
• BAI SHAO Paeoniae Radix Alba
• YUAN ZHI Polygalae Radix
• E JIAO Asini Corii Colla
• VE JIAO TENG Polygoni Multiflori Caul is
GOU Ql Zl Lycii Fructus FU SHEN Poriae Sclerotium pararadicis
SANG SHEN Mori Fructus

• LONG VAN ROU Longan Arillus 29. AROMATICS FOR ORIFICES

NIU HUANG Bovis Calculus
24. YANG TONICS
LU RONG Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum 30. EXTINGUISH LIVER WIND
ROU CONG RONG Cistanches Herba • TIAN MA Gastrodiae Rhizoma
SUO YANG Cynomorii Herba • GOU TENG uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis
HU TAO REN Juglandis Semen • SHI JUE MING Haliotidis Concha
YIN YANG HUO Epimedii Herba BAI Jl Ll Tribuli Fructus
XIAN MAO Curculiginis Rhizoma DAI ZHE SHI Haematitum
BA Jl TIAN Morindae Officinalis Radix • Dl LONG Pheretima

• BU GU ZHI Psoraleae Fructus

VI ZHI REN Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus 31. EXPEL PARASITES
GOU Jl Cibotii Rhizoma BING LANG Arecae Semen
GU SUI BU Drynariae Rhizoma
XU DUAN Dipsaci Radix 32. EXTERNAL USE

• DU ZHONG Eucommiae Cortex SHE CHUANG Zl Cnidii Fructus

TU Sl Zl Cuscutae Semen
33. OBSOLETE SUBSTANCES
25. YIN TONICS • ZHU SHA Cinnabaris

BAI HE Lilii Bulbus MA DOU LING Aristolochiae Fructus

CHUAN SHAN JIA Manitis Squama
• TIAN MEN DONG Asparagi Radix

• MAl MEN DONG Ophiopogonis Radix

SHA SHEN Glehniae Radix
SHI HU Dendrobii Herba
NU ZHEN Zl Ligustri Lucidi Fructus

• HEI ZHI MA Sesami Semen Nigrum

• GUI BAN Testudinis Plastrum

• BIE JIA Trionycis Carapax

26. ASTRINGENTS
• SHAN ZHU VU Corni Fructus
JIN VING Zl Rosae Laevigat ae Fructus
HAl PIAO XIAO Sepiae Endoconcha
FU PEN Zl Rubi Fructus
QIAN SHI Euryales Semen
LIAN Zl Nelumbinis Semen

• WU WEI Zl Schisandrae Fructus

• BAI GUO Ginkgo Semen

• WU MEl Mume Fructus

HE Zl Chebulae Fructus
CHI SHI ZHI Halloysitum Rubrum

• ROU DOU KOU Myristicae Semen

• CHUN PI Ailanthi Cortex

• FU XIAO MAl Tritici Fructus Levis

27. ANCHOR SHEN

LONG GU Fossilia Ossis M astodi
MU Ll Ostreae Concha
Cl SHI Magnetitum CA BOARD HERBS : 247
ZHEN ZHU Margarita HERBS IN CA 63 FORMULAS (e ) 137

Index I Pinyin to Pharmaceutical (by Category)

322 HERBS

CATEGORY INDEX PINYIN- PHARMACEUTICAL NAME

CATEGORY NUMBER A
AI YE Artemisiae Argyi Folium c 19
1 DISPERSE WIND-COLD B
2 DISPERSE WIND-HEAT BA Jl TIAN Morindae Officinalis Radix c 24
3 CLEAR & PURGE HEAT BAI BIAN DOU Lablab Semen Album c 22
4 CLEAR BLOOD-HEAT BAI BU Stemonae Radix c 15
5 CLEAR DAMP-HEAT BAI DOU KOU Amomi Fructus Rotundus c 16
6 CLEAR TOXIC-HEAT BAI GUO Ginkgo Semen c 26
7 CLEAR SUMMER-HEAT BAI HE Lilii Bulbus c 25
8 PURGATIVES BAI HUA SHE Agkistrodon/Bungarus c 12
9 LAXATIVES BAI Jl U Tribuli Fructus c 30
10 CATHARTICS BAI Jl Bletillae Rhizoma c 19
11 DRAIN DAMP BAI JIANG CAO Patriniae Herba C6
12 DISPEL WIND-DAMP BAI JIE Zl Sinapis Semen c14
13 DISSOLVE HOT-PHLEGM BAI MAO GEN lmperatae Rhizoma c19
14 DISSOLVE COLD-PHLEGM BAI QIAN Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma c14
15 STOP COUGH & WHEEZING BAI SHAO Paeoniae Radix Alba c23
16 AROMATICS FOR DAMP BAI WEI Cynanchi Atrati Radix C7
17 DIGESTIVES BAI ZHI Angelicae Dahuricae Radix C1
18 REGULATE Ql BAI ZHU Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma c22
19 STOP BLEEDING BAI Zl REN Platycladi Semen c28
20 ACTIVATE BLOOD BAN LAN GEN lsatidis/Baphicacanthis Radix C6
21 WARM INTERIOR BAN XIA Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum c14
22 Ql TONICS Bl BA Piperis Longi Fructus c21
23 BLOOD TONICS Bl XIE Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma c11
24 YANG TONICS BIAN XU Polygoni Avicularis Herba c11
25 YIN TONICS BIE JIA Trionycis Carapax c25
26 ASTRINGENTS BING LANG Arecae Semen c31
27 ANCHOR SHEN BO HE Menthae Haplocalycis Herba C2
28 NOURISH & CALM SHEN BU GU ZHI Psoraleae Fructus c24
29 AROMATICS FOR ORIFICES c
30 EXTINGUISH LIVER WIND CANG ER Zl Xanthii Fructus C1
31 EXPEL PARASITES CANG ZHU Atractylodis Rhizoma c16
32 EXTERNAL USE CAO DOU KOU Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen c16
33 OBSOLETE SUBSTANCES CAO GUO Tsaoko Fructus c16
CAO WU Aconiti Kusnezoffii Preparata c21
CE BAI YE Platycladi Cacumen c19
CHAI HU Bupleuri Radix C2
CHAN TUI Cicadae Periostracum C2
CHE QIAN Zl Plantaginis Semen c11
CHEN PI Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium c18
CHEN XIANG Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum c18
CHI SHAO Paeoniae Radix Rubra c20
CHI SHI ZHI Halloysitum Rubrum c26
CHUAN BEl MU Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus c13
CHUAN UAN Zl Toosendan Fructus c18
CHUAN NIU XI Cyathulae Radix c20
CHUAN SHAN JIA Manitis Squama c33
CHUAN WU Aconiti Radix Preparata c21
CHUAN XIONG Chuanxiong Rhizoma c20
CHUN PI Ailanthi Cortex c26
Cl SHI Magnetitum c27
D
DA FU PI Arecae Pericarpium c18
DA HUANG Rhei Radix et Rhizoma C8
DA Jl Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix c10

Index I Pinyin to Pharmaceutical (Alphabetical)

 HERBS 323

DA ZAO Jujubae Fructus c22 HUA JIAO Zanthoxyli Pericarpium c21

DAI ZHE SHI Haematitum c30 HUA SHI Talcum c11
DAN DOU CHI Sojae Semen Preparatum C2 HUAI HUA Ml Sophorae Flos lmmaturus c19
DAN SHEN Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix c20 HUAI NIU XI Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix c20
DAN ZHU YE Laphatheri Herba C3 HUANG BAI Phellodendri Cortex C5
DANG GUI Angelicae Sinensis Radix c23 HUANG LIAN Coptidis Rhizoma C5
DANG SHEN Codonopsis Radix c22 HUANG Ql Astragali Radix c22
DENG XIN CAO Junci Medulla c11 HUANG QIN Scutellariae Radix C5
Dl FU Zl Kochiae Fructus c11 HUO MA REN Cannabis Semen C9
Dl GU PI Lycii Cortex C7 HUO XIANG Pogostemonis/Agastaches Herba c16
Dl LONG Pheretima c30 J
Dl YU Sanguisorbae Radix c19 Jl NEI JIN Gigeriae Galli Endothelium Corneum c17
DING XIANG Caryophylli Flos c21 JIE GENG Platycodi Radix c14
DONG GUA REN Benincasae Semen c11 JIN YIN HUA Lonicerae Flos C6
DONG KUI Zl Malvae Fructus c11 JIN YING Zl Rosae Laevigatae Fructus c26
DU HUO Angelicae Pubescentis Radix c12 JING JIE Schizonepetae Herba C1
DU ZHONG Eucommiae Cortex c24 JU HONG Citri Reticulatae Exocarpium Rub rum c18
E JU HUA Chrysanthemi Flos C2
E JIAO Asini Corii Colla c 23 JUE MING Zl Cassiae Semen C3
E ZHU Curcumae Rhizoma c 20 K
F KU SHEN Sophorae Flavescentis Radix C5
FANG FENG Saposhnikoviae Radix C1 KUAN DONG HUA Farfarae Flos c15
FENG Ml Mel c22 L
FU LING PI Poriae Cutis c11 LAI FU Zl Raphani Semen c17
FU LING Poria c11 LIAN QIAO Forsythiae Fructus C6
FU PEN Zl Rubi Fructus c26 LIAN Zl Nelumbinis Semen c26
FU SHEN Poriae Sclerotium pararadicis c28 LONG DAN CAO Gentianae Radix C5
FU XIAO MAl Tritici Fructus Levis c26 LONG GU Fossilia Ossis Mastodi c27
FU Zl Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata c21 LONG VAN ROU Longan Arillus c23
G lU GEN Phragmitis Rhizoma C3
GAN CAO Glycyrrhizae Radix c22 LU HUI Aloe C8
GAN JIANG Zingiberis Rhizoma c21 LU RONG Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum c24
GAO BEN Ligustici Rhizoma C1 M
GAO LIANG JIANG Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma c21 MA DOU LING Aristolochiae Fructus c33
GE GEN Puerariae Radix C2 MAHUANG Ephedrae Herba C1
GENG Ml Semen Oryzae c22 MAl MEN DONG Ophiopogonis Radix c25
GOU Jl Cibotii Rhizoma c24 MAl VA Hordei Fructus Germinatus c17
GOU Ql Zl Lycii Fructus c23 MAN JING Zl Viticis Fructus C2
GOU TENG Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis c30 MANG XIAO Natrii Sulfas C8
GU SUI BU Drynariae Rhizoma c24 MO YAO Myrrh a c20
GU VA Setariae(Oryzae) Fructus c17 MU DAN PI Moutan Cortex C4
GUA LOU PI Trichosanthis Pericarpium c13 MU GUA Chaenomelis Fructus c12
GUA LOU REN Trichosanthis Semen c13 MU Ll Ostreae Concha c27
GUA LOU Trichosanthis Fructus c13 MU TONG Akebiae Cauris c11
GUI BAN Testudinis Plastrum c25 MU XIANG Aucklandiae Radix c18
GUI ZHI Cinnamomi Ramulus C1 MU ZEI Equiseti Hie malis he rb a C2
H N
HAl PIAO XIAO Sepiae Endoconcha c26 NIU BANG Zl Arctii Fructus C2
HAl TONG PI Erythrinae Cortex c12 NIU HUANG Bovis Calculus c 29
HAl ZAO Sargassum c13 NU ZHEN Zl Ligustri Lucidi Fructus c 25
HAN FANG Jl Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix c11 p
HE YE Nelumbinis Folium C6 PI PA YE Eriobotryae Folium c15
HE Zl Chebulae Fructus c26 PU GONG YING Taraxaci Herba C6
HEI ZHI MA Sesami Se men Nigrum c25 PU HUANG Typhae Polle n c19
HONG HUA Carthami Flos c20 Q
HOU PO Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex c16 QIAN CAO Rubiae Radix c 19
HU JIAO Piperis Fructus c21 QIAN HU Peucedani Radix c 13
HU TAO REN Juglandis Semen c24 QIAN SHI Euryales Semen c 26

Index I Pinyin to Pharmaceutical (Alphabetical)

324 HERBS

XI XIN Asari Herba 1:21

XIA KU CAO Prunellae Spica 1:23
XIAN HE CAO Agrimoniae Herba c 19
XIAN MAO Curculiginis Rhizoma C24
XIANG FU Cyperi Rhizoma c 18
XIANG RU Moslae Herba C1
XIAO HUI XIANG Foeniculi Fructus C21
XIN VI HUA Magnoliae Flos 1:21
XING REN Armeniacae Semen c 15
XU DUAN Dipsaci Radix 1:224
XUAN FU HUA lnulae Flos c 14
XUAN SHEN Scrophulariae Radix 1:24
1'1' ~"'"'17 . ~! : .• ·.·•·• ¥~c~>'···••i'r .(;.' .
VAN HU SUO Corydalis Rhizoma 1:220
YE JIAO TENG Polygoni Multiflori Caulis 1:228
VI MU CAO Leonuri Herba 1:220
VI TANG Maltosum 1:222
VI VI REN Coicis Semen c 11
VI ZHI REN Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus 1:224
YIN CHEN Artmisiae Scopariae Herba c 11
YIN YANG HUO Epimedii Herba 1:224
YU JIN Curcumae Radix 1:220
YUAN ZHI Polygalae Radix 1:228
·z"· ..
''.· ;!

ZE LAN Lycopi Herba 1:220

ZE XIE Alismatis Rhizoma c 11
ZHE BEl MU Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus c 13
ZHEN ZHU Margarita 1:227
ZHI GAN CAO Glycyrrhizae Radix Preparata 1:222
ZHI KE Aurantii Fructus c 18
ZHI MU Anemarrhenae Rhizoma 1:23
ZHI SHI Aurantii Fructus lmmaturus c 18
ZHI Zl Gardeniae Fructus 1:23
ZHU LING Polyporus c 11
ZHU RU Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam c 13
ZHU SHA Cinnabaris 1:233
Zl CAO Arnebiae/Lithospermi Radix 1:24
Zl SU YE Perillae Folium 1:21
Zl SU Zl Perillae Fructus c 15
Zl WAN Asteris Radix c 15

Index I Pinyin to Pharmaceutical (Alphabetical)

 HERBS 325

CATEGORY INDEX PHARMACEUTICAL NAME- PINYIN

CATEGORY NUMBER A
Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix HUAI NIU XI c20
1 DISPERSE WIND-COLD Aconiti Kusnezoffii Preparata CAO WU c21
2 DISPERSE WIND-HEAT Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata FU Zl c21
3 CLEAR & PURGE HEAT Aconiti Radix Preparata CHUAN WU c21
4 CLEAR BLOOD-HEAT Agkistrodon/Bungarus BAI HUA SHE c12
5 CLEAR DAMP-HEAT Agrimoniae Herba XIAN HE CAO c19
6 CLEAR TOXIC-HEAT Ailanthi Cortex CHUN PI c26
7 CLEAR SUMMER-HEAT Akebiae Cauris MU TONG c11
8 PURGATIVES Alismatis Rhizoma ZE XIE c11
9 LAXATIVES Aloe lU HUI C8
10 CATHARTICS Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen CAO DOU KOU c16
11 DRAIN DAMP Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma GAO LIANG JIANG c21
12 DISPEL WIND-DAMP Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus VI ZHI REN c24
13 DISSOLVE HOT-PHLEGM Amomi Fructus Rotundus BAI DOU KOU c16
14 DISSOLVE COLD-PHLEGM Amomi Fructus SHA REN c16
15 STOP COUGH & WHEEZING Anemarrhenae Rhizoma ZHI MU C3
16 AROMATICS FOR DAMP Angelicae Dahuricae Radix BAI ZHI C1
17 DIGESTIVES Angelicae Pubescentis Radix DU HUO c12
18 REGULATE Ql Angelicae Sinensis Radix DANG GUI c23
19 STOP BLEEDING Aquilariae lignum Resinatum CHEN XIANG c18
20 ACTIVATE BLOOD Arctii Fructus NIU BANG Zl C2
21 WARM INTERIOR Arecae Pericarpium DA FU PI c18
22 Ql TONICS Arecae Semen BING LANG c31
23 BLOOD TONICS Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum TIAN NAN XING c14
24 YANG TONICS Aristolochiae Fructus MA DOU LING c33
25 YIN TONICS Armeniacae Semen XING REN c15
26 ASTRINGENTS Arnebiae/lithospermi Radix Zl CAO C4
27 ANCHOR SHEN Artemisiae Annuae Herba QING HAO C7
28 NOURISH & CALM SHEN Artemisiae Argyi Folium AI YE c19
29 AROMATICS FOR ORIFICES Artmisiae Scopariae Herba YIN CHEN c11
30 EXTINGUISH LIVER WIND Asari Herba XI XIN C1
31 EXPEL PARASITES Asini Corii Colla E JIAO c23
32 EXTERNAL USE Asparagi Radix TIAN MEN DONG c25
33 OBSOLETE SUBSTANCES Asteris Radix Zl WAN c15
Astragali Radix HUANG Ql c22
Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma BAI ZHU c22
Atractylodis Rhizoma CANG ZHU c16
Aucklandiae Radix MU XIANG c18
Aurantii Fructus lmmaturus ZHI SHI c18
Aurantii Fructus ZHI KE c18
B
Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam ZHU RU c13
Belamcandae Rhizoma SHE GAN C6
Benincasae Semen DONG GUA REN c11
Bletillae Rhizoma BAI Jl c19
Bovis Calculus NIU HUANG c29
Bubali Cornu SHUI NIU JIAO C4
Bupleuri Radix CHAI HU C2
c
Cannabis Semen HUO MA REN C9
Carthami Flos HONG HUA c20
Caryophylli Flos DING XIANG c21
Cassiae Semen JUE MING Zl C3
Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum LU RONG c24
Chaenomelis Fructus MU GUA c12
Chebulae Fructus HE Zl c26
Chrysanthemi Flos JU HUA C2
Chuanxiong Rhizoma CHUAN XIONG c20

Index I Pharmaceutical to Pinyin

326 HERBS

Cibotii Rhizoma GOU Jl c24 Glycyrrhizae Radix GAN CAO c22

Cicadae Periostracum CHAN TUI C2 Gypsum Fibrosum SHI GAO C3
Cimicifugae Rhizoma SHENG MA C2 H
Cinnabaris ZHU SHA c33 Haematitum DAI ZHE SHI C30
Cinnamomi Cortex ROU GUI c21 Haliotidis Concha SHI JUE MING C30
Cinnamomi Ramulus GUI ZHI C1 Halloysitum Rubrum CHI SHI ZHI c26
Cistanches Herba ROU CONG RONG c24 Hordei Fructus Germinatus MAl VA c17
Citri Reticulatae Exocarpium Rub rum JU HONG c18 I
Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium CHEN PI c18 lmperatae Rhizoma BAI MAO GEN c19
Citri Reticulatae Viride Pericarpium QING PI c18 lnulae Flos XUAN FU HUA c14
Clematidis Radix WEI LING XIAN c12 lsatidis/Baphicacanthis Radix BAN LANGEN C6
Cnidii Fructus SHE CHUANG Zl c32 J
Codonopsis Radix DANG SHEN c22 Juglandis Semen HU TAO REN c24
Coicis Semen VI VI REN c 11 Jujubae Fructus DA ZAO C22
Coptidis Rhizoma HUANG LIAN C5 Junci Medulla DENG XIN CAO c11
Corni Fructus SHAN ZHU YU C26 K
Corydalis Rhizoma VAN HU SUO c20 Kochiae Fructus 01 FU Zl c 11
Crataegi Fructus SHAN ZHA c 17 L
Curculiginis Rhizoma XIAN MAO c 24 Lablab Semen Album BAI BIAN DOU C22
Curcumae Radix YU JIN c 20 Laphatheri Herba DAN ZHU YE C3
Curcumae Rhizoma E ZHU c 20 Leonuri Herba VI MU CAO C20
Cuscutae Semen TU Sl Zl c 24 Ligustici Rhizoma GAO BEN C1
Cyathulae Radix CHUAN NIU XI c 20 Ligustri Lucidi Fructus NU ZHEN Zl c25
Cynanchi Atrati Radix BAI WEI C7 Lilii Bulbus BAI HE C25
Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma BAI QIAN c 14 Linderae Radix WU YAO c18
Cynomorii Herba SUO YANG c 24 Longan Arillus LONG VAN ROU c23
Cyperi Rhizoma XIANG FU c 18 Lonicerae Flos JIN YIN HUA C6
D Lycii Cortex Dl GU PI C7
Dendrobii Herba SHI HU c25 Lycii Fructus GOU Ql Zl c23
Dianthi Herba QU MAl c11 Lycopi Herba ZE LAN C20
Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma Bl XIE c11 M
Dioscoreae Rhizoma SHAN YAO C22 Magnetitum Cl SHI C27
Dipsaci Radix XU DUAN C24 Magnoliae Flos XIN VI HUA C1
Drynariae Rhizoma GU SUI BU C24 Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex HOU PO c16
],2;;,,, ', ' E Maltosum VI TANG C22
Eleutherococci Gracilistyli Cortex WU JIA PI c12 Malvae Fructus DONG KUI Zl c 11
Ephedrae Herba MAHUANG C1 Manitis Squama CHUAN SHAN JIA C33
Epimedii Herba YIN YANG HUO C24 Margarita ZHEN ZHU C27
Equiseti Hiemalis herba MU ZEI C2 Massa medicata Fermentata SHEN QU c17
Eriobotryae Folium PI PA YE c15 Mel FENG Ml C22
Erythrinae Cortex HAl TONG PI c12 Menthae Haplocalycis Herba BO HE C2
Eucommiae Cortex DU ZHONG C24 Mori Cortex SANG BAI PI c15
Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix DA Jl c10 Mori Folium SANG YE C2
Euryales Semen QIAN SHI c26 Mori Fructus SANG SHEN c23
Evodiae Fructus WU ZHU YU c21 Mori Ramulus SANG ZHI c12
,::1• :,,"''•'• ,.,. F Morindae Officinalis Radix BA Jl TIAN c24
Farfarae Flos KUAN DONG HUA c 15 Moslae Herba XIANG RU C1
Foeniculi Fructus XIAO HUI XIANG c 21 Moutan Cortex MU DAN PI C4
Forsythiae Fructus LIAN QIAO C6 Mume Fructus WU MEl C26
Fossilia Ossis Mastodi LONG GU c 27 Myristicae Semen ROU DOU KOU c26
Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus CHUAN BEl MU c 13 Myrrh a MO YAO c20
Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus ZHE BEl MU c 13 N
••• ,,"' ,C< ••• , ',, ',' G ',•, '< Natrii Sulfas MANG XIAO C8
Gardeniae Fructus ZHI Zl C3 Nelumbinis Folium HE YE C6
Gastrodiae Rhizoma TIAN MA c30 Nelumbinis Semen LIAN Zl c26
Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix QIN JIAO c12 Notoginseng Radix SAN Ql c19
Gentianae Radix LONG DAN CAO C5 Notopterygii Rhizoma seu Radix QIANG HUO C1
Gigeriae Galli Endothelium Corneum Jl NEI JIN c17 0
Ginkgo Semen BAI GUO c26 Olibanum RU XIANG C20
Ginseng Radix REN SHEN c22 Ophiopogonis Radix MAl MEN DONG c25
Glehniae Radix SHA SHEN c25 Ostreae Concha MU ll c27
Glycyrrhizae Radix Preparata ZHI GAN CAO c22 p

Index I Pharmaceutical to Pinyin

 HERBS 327

Paeoniae Radix Alba BAI SHAO c23 Taraxaci Herba PU GONG YING C6
Paeoniae Radix Rubra CHI SHAO c20 Taxilli Herba SANG Jl SHENG c12
Patriniae Herba BAI JIANG CAO C6 Testudinis Plastrum GUI BAN c25
Perillae Folium Zl SU YE C1 Toosendan Fructus CHUAN LIAN Zl c18
Perillae Fructus Zl SU Zl c15 Tribuli Fructus BAI Jl Ll c30
Persicae Semen TAO REN c20 Trichosanthis Fructus GUA LOU c13
Peucedani Radix QIAN HU c13 Trichosanthis Pericarpium GUA LOU PI c13
Phellodendri Cortex HUANG BAI C5 Trichosanthis Radix TIAN HUA FEN C3
Pheretima Dl LONG c30 Trichosanthis Semen GUA LOU REN c13
Phragmitis Rhizoma LU GEN C3 Trionycis Carapax BIE JIA c25
Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum BAN XIA c14 Tritici Fructus levis FU XIAO MAl c26
Piperis Fructus HU JIAO c21 Tsaoko Fructus CAO GUO c16
Piperis longi Fructus Bl BA c21 Typhae Pollen PU HUANG c19
Plantaginis Semen CHE QIAN Zl c11 u
Platycladi Cacumen CE BAI YE c19 Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis GOU TENG c 30
Platycladi Semen BAI Zl REN c28 v
Platycodi Radix JIE GENG c14 Vaccariae Semen WANG BU LIU XING c20
Pogostemonis/Agastaches Herba HUO XIANG c16 Viticis Fructus MAN JING Zl C2
Polygalae Radix YUAN ZHI c28 X
Polygoni Avicularis Herba BIAN XU c11 Xanthii Fructus CANG ER Zl C1
Polygoni Multiflori Caulis YE JIAO TENG c28 z
Polyporus ZHU LING c11 Zanthoxyli Pericarpium HUA JIAO c21
Poria FU LING c11 Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens SHENG JIANG C1
Poriae Cutis FU LING PI c11 Zingiberis Rhizoma GAN JIANG c21
Poriae Sclerotium pararadicis FU SHEN c28 Zingiberis Rhizomatis Cortex SHENG JIANG PI c11
Prunellae Spica XIA KU CAO C3 Ziziphi Spinosae Semen SUAN ZAO REN c28
Psoraleae Fructus BU GU ZHI c24
Puerariae Radix GE GEN C2
Pyrrosiae Folium SHI WEI c11
R
Raphani Semen LAI FU Zl c17
Rehmanniae Radix Preparata SHU Dl HUANG c23
Rehmanniae Radix SHENG Dl HUANG C4
Rhei Radix et Rhizoma DA HUANG C8
Rosae laevigatae Fructus JIN YING Zl c26
Rubi Fructus FU PEN Zl c26
Rubiae Radix QIAN CAO c19
s
Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix DAN SHEN c20
Sanguisorbae Radix Dl YU c19
Saposhnikoviae Radix FANG FENG C1
Sargassum HAl ZAO c13
Schisandrae Fructus WU WEI Zl c26
Schizonepetae Herba JING JIE C1
Scrophulariae Radix XUAN SHEN C4
Scutellariae Radix HUANG QIN C5
Semen Oryzae GENG Ml c22
Sepiae Endoconcha HAl PIAO XIAO c26
Sesami Semen Nigrum HEI ZHI MA c25
Setariae(Oryzae) Fructus GU VA c17
Siegesbeckiae Herba XI XIAN CAO c12
Sinapis Semen BAI JIE Zl c14
Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma TU FU LING C6
Sojae Semen Preparatum DAN DOU CHI C2
Sophorae Flavescentis Radix KU SHEN cs
Sophorae Flos lmmaturus HUAI HUA Ml c 19
Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix SHAN DOU GEN C6
Sparganii Rhizoma SAN LENG c20
Stemonae Radix BAI BU c15
Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix HAN FANG Jl c11
T
Talcum HUA SHI c 11

Index I Pharmaceutical to Pinyin

328 HERBS

CATEGORY INDEX PINYIN - ENGLISH

CATEGORY NUMBER A
AI YE mugwort leaf, artemesia c 19
1 DISPERSE WIND-COLD B
2 DISPERSE WIND-HEAT BA Jl TIAN morinda root C24
3 CLEAR & PURGE HEAT BAI SIAN DOU hyacinth bean, dolichos c22
4 CLEAR BLOOD-HEAT BAI BU stemona root c15
5 CLEAR DAMP-HEAT BAI DOU KOU round cardamon fruit, cluster c16
6 CLEAR TOXIC-HEAT BAI GUO ginko nut c26
7 CLEAR SUMMER-HEAT BAI HE lily bulb c25
8 PURGATIVES BAI HUA SHE multibanded krait c12
9 LAXATIVES BAI Jl Ll caltrop fruit, puncture-vine fruit c 30
10 CATHARTICS BAI Jl bletilla rhizome c 19
11 DRAIN DAMP BAI JIANG CAO partinia, thiaspi C6
12 DISPEL WIND-DAMP BAI JIE Zl white mustard seed c14
13 DISSOLVE HOT-PHLEGM BAI MAO GEN imperata, white grass c19
14 DISSOLVE COLD-PHLEGM BAI QIAN root and rhizome of cynanchum c14
15 STOP COUGH & WHEEZING BAI SHAO white peony root, peony c23
16 AROMATICS FOR DAMP BAI WEI swallowwort root C7
17 DIGESTIVES BAI ZHI angelica root C1
18 REGULATE Ql BAI ZHU atractylodes (white) rhizome c22
19 STOP BLEEDING BAI Zl REN arbor-vitae seed, biota seed c28
20 ACTIVATE BLOOD BAN LAN GEN woad root, isati s root C6
21 WARM INTERIOR BAN XIA pinellia rhizome c14
22 Ql TONICS Bl BA long pepper fruit c21
23 BLOOD TONICS Bl XIE fish-poison yam rhizome, tokoro c11
24 YANG TONICS BIAN XU knotweed, polygonum c11
25 YIN TONICS BIE JIA Chinese soft-shelled turtle shell c25
26 ASTRINGENTS BING LANG betel nut, areca seeds c31
27 ANCHOR SHEN 80 HE field mint, mentha C2
28 NOURISH & CALM SHEN BU GU ZHI psoralea fruit c24
29 AROMATICS FOR ORIFICES c
30 EXTINGUISH LIVER WIND CANG ER Zl cocklebur fruit, xanthium C1
31 EXPEL PARASITES CANG ZHU atractylodes (black) rhizome c 16
32 EXTERNAL USE CAO DOU KOU katsumada's galangal seeds c 16
33 OBSOLETE SUBSTANCES CAO GUO tsaoko fruit c 16
CAO WU wild aconite c 21
CE BAI YE c
leafy twig of arborvitae, biota leaves 19
CHAI HU hare's ear root, thorowax root C2
CHAN TUI cicada moulting C2
CHE QIAN Zl plantago seeds c 11
CHEN PI tangerine peel, citrus c 18
CHEN XIANG aloeswood, aquilaria c 18
CHI SHAO red peony root c 20
CHI SHI ZHI halloysite, kaolin c 26
CHUAN BEl MU c
tendrilled fritillaria bulb, fritillaria 13
CHUAN LIAN Zl Sichuan chinaberry, melia c 18
CHUAN NIU XI Sichuan ox knee c 20
CHUAN SHAN JIA pangolin scales, anteater scales c 33
CHUAN WU Sichuan aconite c 21
CHUAN XIONG Szechuan lovage root, enidium c 20
CHUN PI bark or root bark of ailanthus c 26
Cl SHI magnetite c 27
D
DA FU PI betel husk, areca peel c18
DA HUANG rhubarb root and rhizome C8
DA Jl peking spurge root, euphorbia c10

Index I Pinyin to English

 HERBS 329

DA ZAO Chinese date, jujube c

22 HUA JIAO Sichuan pepper, Chinese prickly-ash c 21
DAI ZHE SHI hematite c
30 HUA SHI talcum c 11
DAN DOU CHI prepared soybean C2 HUAI HUA Ml pagoda tree flower, sophora flower c 19
DAN SHEN salvia root c
20 HUAI NIU XI achyranthes root c 20
DAN ZHU YE selfheal spike, prunella C3 HUANG BAI amur cork-tree bark, phellodendron C5
DANG GUI Chinese angelica root, tang-kuei c
23 HUANG LIAN coptis rhizome C5
DANG SHEN codonopsis root c
22 HUANG Ql milk-vetch root, astragalus c 22
DENG XIN CAO rush pith, juncus c
11 HUANG QIN baical skullcap root, scutellaria, scute C5
Dl FU Zl broom cypress or kochia fruit c
11 HUO MA REN hemp seeds, cannabis seeds, linum C9
Dl GU PI cortex of wolfberry root, lycium bark C7 HUO XIANG abastache, patchouli, pogostemon c 16
Dl LONG earthworm, lumbricus c
30 J
Dl VU bumet-bloodwort root c
19 Jl NEI JIN chicken gizzard's internal lining c17
DING XIANG clove flower bud c
21 JIE GENG root of balloon flower, platycodon c14
DONG GUA REN winter melon or wax gourd seed c
11 JIN YIN HUA honeysuckle flower, lonicera C6
DONG KUI Zl musk mallow seeds (m. verticillata) c
11 JIN YING Zl Cherokee rosehip c26
DU HUO pubescent angelica root, tu-huo c
12 JING JIE schizonepeta stem or bud C1
DU ZHONG eucommia bark c
24 JU HONG red part of the tangerine peel c18
E JU HUA chrysanthemum flower C2
E JIAO ass-hide glue, gelatin c 23 JUE MING Zl foetid cassia seeds, cassia C3
E ZHU zedoary rhizome, zedoaria c 20 K
F KU SHEN sophora root C5
FANG FENG ledebouriella rootm siler C1 KUAN DONG HUA coltsfoot flower, tussilago c15
FENG Ml rice c22 L
FU LING PI poria skin c11 LAI FU Zl radish seed, raphanus c17
FU LING china-root, poria, hoelen c11 LIAN QIAO forsythia fruit C6
FU PEN Zl Chinese raspberry, rubus c26 LIAN Zl lotus seed c26
FU SHEN poria spirit c28 LONG DAN CAO Chinese gentian root, gentiana C5
FU XIAO MAl light wheat grain (unripe), wheat c26 LONG GU dragon bone, fossilized vertebrae c27
FU Zl root of Szechuan aconite, aconite c21 LONG VAN ROU flesh of thelongan fruit, Iongan c23
G LU GEN reed rhizome C3
GAN CAO licorice root c22 LU HUI dried concentrate of aloe leaf juice C8
GAN JIANG dried ginger rhizome, ginger (dried) c21 LU RONG velvet of young deer antler c24
GAO BEN Chinese lovage root, ligusticum root C1 M
GAO LIANG JIANG lesser galangal rhizome, galanga c21 MA DOU LING birthwort fruit, aristolochia fruit c33
GE GEN kudzu root, pueraria C2 MAHUANG ephedra stem, ma-huang C1
GENG Ml rice c22 MAl MEN DONG ophiopogon tuber c25
GOU Jl chain fern rhozome, cibota c24 MAl VA barley sprout, malt c17
GOU Ql Zl Chinese wolfberry fruit, lycium c23 MAN JING Zl vitex fruit C2
GOU TENG stems of gambir vine, gambir c30 MANG XIAO mirabilite, glauber's salt C8
GU SUI BU drynaria rhizome c24 MO VAO myrrh c20
GU VA rice sprout c17 MU DAN PI cortex of tree peony root, moutan C4
GUA LOU PI trichosanthes peel c13 MU GUA Chinese quince fruit, chaenomeles c12
GUA LOU REN trichosanthes seeds c13 MU Ll oyster shell c27
GUA LOU trichosanthes fruit c13 MU TONG akebia caulis c11
GUI BAN fresh-water turtle shell (ventral) c25 MU XIANG costus root, saussurea, aucklandia c18
GUI ZHI (Saigon) cinnamon, cassia twig C1 MU ZEI scouring rush, shave grass C2
H N
HAl PIAO XIAO cuttlefish bone, cuttlebone c26 NIU BANG Zl great burdock fruit, a rctium C2
HAl TONG PI coral-bean bark, erythrina bark c12 NIU HUANG cattle gallstone, bezoar c29
HAl ZAO seaweed, sargassum c13 NU ZHEN Zl privet fruit, ligustrum c25
HAN FANG Jl Stephania root c11 p
HE VE lotus leaf C6 PI PAVE loquat leaf, eriobotrya c15
HE Zl myrobalan fruit, terminalia, chebula c26 PU GONG VING dande lion C6
HEI ZHI MA black sesame seeds c25 PU HUANG cattail polle n, bulrus h c19
HONG HUA safflowe r flowe r, carthamus c20 Q
HOU PO magnolia bark c16 QIAN CAO madder root, rubia root c 19
HU JIAO pepper c21 QIAN HU hogfennel root, peucedanum c 13
HU TAO REN walnut nut c24 QIAN SHI euryale seeds c 26

Index I Pinyin to English

330 HERBS

QIANG HUO notopterygium root, chiang-huo C1 XI XIN Chinese wild ginger, asarum C1
QIN JIAO gentiana macrophylla root, chin-chiu c12 XIA KU CAO selfheal spike, prunella C3
QING HAO wormwood, ching-hao C7 XIAN HE CAO agrimony c19
QING PI unripe tangerine peel c18 XIAN MAO golden eye-grass rhizome, curculigo c24
QU MAl aerial parts of Chinese pink c11 XIANG FU nut-grass rhizome, cyperus c18
R XIANG RU arometic madder, elsholtzia C1
REN SHEN ginseng ·root c 22 XIAO HUI XIANG fennel fruit c 21
ROU CONG RONG fleshy stem of broomrape, cistanche c 24 XIN VI HUA magnolia flower C1
ROU DOU KOU nutmeg seeds, myristica c 26 XING REN apricot seed or kernel c 15
ROU GUI cinnamon bark c 21 XU DUAN Japanese teasel root, dipsacus c 24
RU XIANG frankincense, mastic c 20 XUAN FU HUA inula flower c 14
s XUAN SHEN ningpo figwort root, scrophularia C4
SAN LENG bur-reed rhizome, scirpus c20 y
SAN Ql notoginseng root or pseudoginseng c19 VAN HU SUO corydalis rhizome c 20
SANG BAI PI bark of mulberry root, morus bark c15 YE JIAO TENG fleeceflower caulis c 28
SANG Jl SHENG mulberry mistletoe stems, loranthus c12 VI MU CAO Chinese motherwort,leonurus c 20
SANG SHEN mulberry fruit-spike, morus fruit c23 VI TANG barley malt sugar, maltose c 22
SANG YE white mulberry leaf C2 VI VI REN seeds of Job's tears, coix c 11
SANG ZHI mulberry twig, morus twig c12 VI ZHI REN alpinia oxyphylla fruit, black cardamon c 24
SHA REN grains-of-paradise fruit, cardamon c16 YIN CHEN yinchenhao shoots & leaves, capillaris c 11
SHA SHEN adenophora or glehnia root c25 YIN YANG HUO aerial parts of epimedium c 24
SHAN DOU GEN subprostrate, sophora root C6 YU JIN tumeric tuber, curcuma c 20
SHAN YAO Chinese yam, dioscorea c22 YUAN ZHI Chinese senega root, polygala c 28
SHAN ZHA hawthorn fruit, crataegus c17 z
SHAN ZHU YU Asiatic Carnelian cherry fruit, cornus c26 ZE LAN bugleweed c 20
SHE CHUANG Zl cnidium seeds c32 ZE XIE water plantain rhizome, alisma c 11
SHE GAN belamcanda rhizome C6 ZHE BEl MU thunberg fritillaria bulb, fritillaria c 13
SHEN ClU medicated leaven, shen-chu c17 ZHEN ZHU pearl c 27
SHENG 01 HUANG Chinese foxglove root, rehmannia C4 ZHI GAN CAO prepared licorice c 22
SHENG JIANG PI skin of the ginger rhizome c11 ZHI KE ripe fruit of bitter orange c 18
SHENG JIANG fresh ginger rhizome C1 ZHI MU anemarrhena rhizome C3
SHENG MA bugbane rhizome, cimicifuga C2 ZHI SHI immature fruit of bitter orange c18
SHI GAO gypsum C3 ZHI Zl cape jasmine fruit, gardenia C3
SHI HU dendrobium c25 ZHU LING polyporus sclerotium c11
SHI JUE MING abalone shell c30 ZHU RU bamboo shavings c13
SHI WEI pyrrosia leaves c11 ZHU SHA cinnabar c33
SHU Dl HUANG rehmannia (cooked) c23 Zl CAO groomwell root, lithospermum, arnebia C4
SHUI NIU JIAO water buffalo horn C4 Zl SU YE perilla leaf C1
SUAN ZAO REN sour jujube seedm zizyphus c28 Zl SU Zl purple perilla fruit, perilla seed c15
SUO YANG fleshy stem of cynomorium c24 Zl WAN purple aster root, aster c15
T
TAO REN peach kernel, persica c20
TIAN HUA FEN trichosanthes root C3
TIAN MA gastrodia rhizome c30
TIAN MEN DONG asparagus tuber c25
TIAN NAN XING jack-in-the-pulpit rhizome, arisaema c14
TU FU LING glabrous greenbrier rhizome, smilax C6
TU 51 Zl Chinese dodde r seeds, cuscuta c24
w
WANG BU LIU XING vaccaria seeds c 20
WEI LING XIAN Chinese clematis root, clematis c 12
WU JIA PI acanthopanax root bark c 12
WU MEl mume fruit c 26
WU WEI Zl schisandra fruit c 26
WU YAO lindera root c 18
WU ZHU YU evodia fruit c 21
X
XI XIAN CAO siegesbeckia c 12

Index I Pinyin to English

 HERB CHARTS
247 CA BOARD HERBS

INDEX 3RD EDITION OF MATERIA M EDICA

HERB PRACTICE
CATEGORY
CHART QUESTIONS
1. DISPERSE WIND-COLD 332 387
2. DISPERSE WIND-HEAT 333 390
3. CLEAR AND PURGE HEAT 334 392
4. CLEAR BLOOD-HEAT 335 394
5. CLEAR DAMP-HEAT 336 395
6. CLEAR TOXIC-HEAT 337 396
7. CLEAR DEFICIENT-HEAT 338 397
8. PURGATIVES I 9. LAXATIVES I 10. CATHARTICS 339 398
11. DIURETICS 340 399
12. DISPEL WIND-DAMP 341 401
13. DISSOLVE HOT PHLEGM 342 403
14. DISSOLVE COLD PHLEGM 343 404
15. STOP COUGH AND WHEEZING 344 405
16. AROMATICS FOR DAMP 345 406
17. DIGESTIVES 346 407
18. REGULATE Ql 347 408
19. STOP BLEEDING 348 410
20. ACTIVATE BLOOD 349 412
21. WARM INTERIOR 350 415
22. Ql TONICS 351 417
23. BLOOD TONICS 352 418
24. YANG TONICS 353 420
25. YIN TONICS 354 421
26. ASTRINGENTS 355 422
27. ANCHOR & CALM SHEN I 28. NOURISH & CALM SHEN 356 424
29. AROMATICS FOR ORIFICES I 30. EXTINGUISH LV WIND I 31. EXPEL PARASITES I 32. EXTERNAL USE 357 426
33. OBSOLETE SUBSTANCES 358 428

6 THE UNDERLINED HERBS ARE IN THE 63 STATE BOARD FORMULAS 6

::z:
m
::a
Dl
(n
 1. DISPERSE WIND-COLD
::z:
m
::a

\
MAHUANG GUI ZHI Zl SU YE JING JIE FANG FENG giANG HUO GAO BEN BAI ZHI XI XIN XIN VI HUA CANG ER Zl SHENG JIANG XIANG RU
lXI
til
Ephedrae Hb. Cinnamomi Perillae Fm. Schizonepetae Saposhnikoviae Notopterygii Ligustici Rz. Angelicae Rx. Asari Hb. Magnoliase Fl. Xanthii Fr. Moslae Hb.
Zingiberis Rz. ...................
........... ..
l.ll~ (Df ~) ~tt ( Jjl XI) ~ir!t(:X:f::l:gl) iill1'f(~JH) '}JJ!C(~l3') jt ;i!iW~l !t(:>$:(::il:g) B:it ( ~XI) fi!I'$(A11C.!) '$9HiO( C.!OI£f) iii.\>rWOI Xf) !U!(~~l 'lHt(~~l

acrid, sweet,
T acrid, sweet acrid acrid acrid, sweet acrid, b itter acrid acrid acrid acrid acrid acrid
sl bitter bitter

warm, warm, sl warm,

N warm warm sl warm sl warm warm warm warm warm warm, toxic sl warm
aromatic aromatic aromatic

c LU UB HT LU UB LU SP LU LV UB LV SP UB KD UB DU LU ST SP LU HT KD LU ST LU LU SP ST LU ST

Common Function: Disperse Wind-Cold by being warm & acrid

Expel W-C-0 for Bi syndrome Expel W-C-0 • Warm LU, • Expel

• Drastic • Release • a.k.a. SU YE • For both stop cough, Summer
diaphoretic muscle layer • Move Qi, w-e
or W-H transform Heat,
(absence of (sweating) expand the • Release rash Stop Headache Phlegm transform
sweating) • Harmonize chest and stop • Warm MJ, Damp
• Expel W-D, Tai Yang Jue Yin Yang Ming Shao Yin • a.k.a XIN VI • Disperse
• Disperse LU, Ying/Wei Qi • Calm fetus itching alleviate • Promote
stop pain (occipital ) (vertex) (frontal) (toothache) • For nasal Wind and
(cough and • Assist HT, (for morn ing • Stop vomiti ng urination,
• Expels LV discharge or d ispe l Wi nd
F wheezing) unblocks sickness) bleeding • Harmonize reduce
Wind, stop congestion,
& • Promote Yang Qi in (charred) spasm lack of Ying/ Wei Qi swelling
I urination chest • Expel W-C-D • Drying • Red uce • Warm LU, • Reduce t he • Nickname:
(teta ny) smell
(edema) • Warm • Also for esp. for nature for swelling & transform toxicity of Summer
• Disperse channels, upper body W -C-D expel pus Phlegm Ban Xia, Ma Huang
pa inful
cold vessels pain • Expel Damp • Very good Tian Nan Xing
diarrhea,
pathogens • Warm migraine & alleviate analgesic
middle headache discharge • Sheng Jiang
Pi: diuretic

For Seafood sl warm and less drying: Guide Qi to For Seafood

Open the nasal orifices
poisoning for both W-C and W-H Tai Yang & Du channels poisoning

General Contra: Qi & Yin Deficiency causing excessive sweating General Caution: Lin syndrome, Blood deficiency, chronic skin infection

Caution Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra
• weak body • warm febrile • warm febrile • exterior • spasm due • Blood/Yin • Blood/Yin • Blood/Yin • profuse sweat • Yin deficiency • headache of .--w-Heat • sweating due
• hypertension disorders disease deficiency to Blood deficiency deficiency, or deficiency, due to Qi with heat painful patterns to Wei Qi
• deficient type • Yin deficient • Qi and • fully erupted deficiency • overdosage Hot disorders because it's deficiency signs obstruction • vomit ing due deficiency
of sweating or heat exterior measles or • Yin del. may cause (because it's very drying • headache due from deficient to ST Heat
c wheezing • Blood heat deficiency open sores with heat nausea or drying) • bursted sore, to Blood del. blood Caution
& with vomiting vomiting draining pus • cough due to • overdosage • may cause
c Antagonize Yin deficiency may cause vomiting if
Caution (6g) • Gan Jiang, Antagonize Caution nausea, taken hot
• pregnancy Li Lu • Xuan Fu Hua • renal problem vomiting,
• excessive Antagonize diarrhea,
menstruation Counteract • Shan Zhu Yu, and/ or
• Bi Xie Huang Qi abdominal
Counteract pain
• Hua Shi

D 2-9g 3-9g 5-9g 4.5-9g 4.5-9g 3-9g 3-9g 3-9g 1-3g (<lqian) 3-9g 3-9g 3-9g 3-9g

cook first, cook short time

cook in
c remove foam cheesecloth
for exterior
disorder
 2. DISPERSE WIND-HEAT

~
80 HE NIU BANG Zl CHAN TUI SANG YE JU HUA MAN JING Zl DAN DOU CHI MU ZEI CHAI HU SHENG MA GE GEN

Menthae Hb. Arctii Fr. Cicadae Peri. Mori Fm. Chrysanthemi Fl. Vitcis Fr. Sojae Sm. Prep Equiset i Hb. Bupleuri Rz. Cimicifugae Rz . Puerariae Rx.
TY itl'if(~of ) 't-3f-T-(~~Xf) !1!5t(t:! Ell) ~;!ii:(~gj ) ~1!0(~21) JH1H(~~Xf) i~lii!i(Et-'F A I) *~(~~) ~il:!l (AI £) ltU(a Dfl :I;'IN ( ~2 )

Taste acrid acrid, bitter sweet, salty sweet, bitter sweet, bitter bitter, acrid sweet, sl bitter sweet, bitter bitter, acrid sweet, acrid sweet, acrid

Nature cool, aromatic cold sl cold cold sl cold cool cold or warm neutral cool sl cold cool

Channels LU LV LU ST LU LV LU LV LU LV UB LV ST LU ST GB LU LV GB LV PC SJ Ll LU SP ST SP ST

Common Function: Disperse Wind-Heat by being cool & acrid

Benefit Throat Raise Yang Qi

Clear Eyes Clear Eyes Clear Eyes MJ Qi sinking diarrhea

• Clear head • Clear Heat • Stop itching • Clear Heat • a.k.a HUANG • Clear head • a.k.a DOU CHI • Bright en eyes • Resolve Shao • Clear Heat • Release
Functions • Soothe LV Qi and detoxify • Extinguish from the LU JU HUA • Expel • Eliminate and remove Yang disorders and detoxify muscles and
• Moisten LV Wind, stop and moisten Wind-Damp Bi irritability visual and reduce clear Heat
and
Intestine spasm Dryness • BAI JU HUA obstruction fever • Nourish fluids
Indications
• Cool Blood & Calm the LV • g ing Dou Chi • Clear Heat & • Soothe LV Qi and alleviate
Stop bleeding and extinguish Prepared w ith stop Bleeding thirst
Sang Ye &
LV Wind Qing Hao • Treat
hypertension
• YE JU HUA • Wen Dou Chi
Prepared with
Relieve
Ma Huang &
toxicity Zi Su Ye
Vent rashes Vent rashes

General Contra: Qi&Yin Deficiency causing excessive sweating I General Caution: Lin syndrome, Blood deficiency, chronic skin infection

Contra Contra Contra • none not ed Caution Caution • none noted Caution Contra Contra • none noted
Contras
• def. exterior • def. Qi with • def. exterior • def. Qi who • headache or • frequent -.---v;-ndeficient • Yin def. heat
patterns diarrhea pat terns have poor eye problem urination, cough or LV • upper excess
and • Yin deficiency • open sores & appetites or due to depleted fire and lower
with heat carbu ncle Caution diarrhea Blood/Yin def. f luids, or Qi ascend ing to deficiency
Cautions • pregnancy • ST Qi def. deficiency, the head • fully erupted
pregnancy • occasiona lly measles
Antagonize cause nausea • patient who
• Wu Tou, Shi or vomiting has difficulty
Gao breath ing

Dosage 3-6g 6-12g 3-9g 4.5-9g 4.5-15g 6-12g 6-12g 3-9g 3-9g 3-9g 9-12g
add last shou ld be
Cooking
5 minutes ground
 3. CLEAR AND PURGE HEAT ;j!j~ ;~vdf.!(~\§1 Af ~f Q.t)
::t
m

L:;:TY

Taste
SHI GAO

Gypsum Fibrosum
.o• ( ~Jl )

sweet, acrid
ZHI MU

Anemarrhenae
~-B}(J:I2 )

bitter, sweet
Rz.
TIAN HUA FEN

Trichosanthis Rx.
~1E*$l( Ci~ff!)

bitter, sl sweet
LU GEN

Phragmitis
.~U~ ( Ot:.2)

sweet
Rz.
DAN ZHU VE

Laphatheri Hb.
~Htllf ( @~g)

sweet, bland
ZHI Zl

Gardeniae Fr.
~-T-(xiJ:f)

bitter
XIA KU CAO

Pru nellae Spica

................ ·················
If.li~(of JJ.::E)

bitter, acrid
JUE MING Zl

Cassiae Sm.
;~ll!l-T-(~'i!lJ:f)

bitter, sweet, sa lty

::a
DJ
t/1

Nature very cold cold cold cold cold cold cold sl cold

Channels LU 5T LU 5T KD LU 5T LU 5T HT 51 5T HT LU 5T LV 5J GB LV LV Ll KD

Common Function: Clear Heat and Drain Fire

Eliminate irritability Clear LV and Eyes

• Clear LU Heat • Enrich Yin, moisten • Clears and drains LU
• Clear blazing 5T Dryness for LU/KD Heat, transforms Clear heat and promote urination
Heat (for toothache) Yin Deficiency with Phlegm, and
• Absorb exudation Heat moistens LU dryness
for eczema, burns, • Resolves Toxicity • a.k.a. WEI JING • a.k.a. ZHU YE • a.k.a. SHAN ZHI Zl • Clear Heat and • Moisten intestines
Functions and ulcerated sores and expels pus • Clear Heat from 5T • Promote urination • Drain Damp-Heat for dissipate nodules and move the stool
and (calcined, topically) • Ameliorate Dryness and LU and clear Damp- UTI, j uandice • Used to prevent
Indications
of tonifying or • Vent rashes Heat, esp. for 51 • Cool Blood and stop atherosclerosis as it
warming substances channel bleeding (charred) lowers both Blood
• Used for Xiao Ke • Reduce swelling and Pressure and serum
syndrome (wasting move Blood stasis cholesterol
& thirsting disorder) due to trauma
(powder, topically)

Treat hypertension due to

Generates fluids, Moisten dryness
LV Fire or LV Yang rising

General C/C: 5P/ST deficient cold

Contras Contra Contra Contra Caution Contra Ca ut ion Ca ution

Contra
and • pulse is minute • diarrhea due to SP • diarrhea due to • 5P/ 5T deficient cold • pregnancy • loose stool or loss • 5P/ ST deficiency • diarrhea
Cautions • Yang deficiency deficiency 5P/5T deficient cold of appetite due to • hypotension
• Yin deficient heat • pregnancy deficient cold
Antagonizes
• Huo Ma Ren

Dosage 15-60g 6-12g 10-lSg 15-30g 6-9g 6-9g 9-lSg 9-lSg

crush, cook 30
Cooking crush
minutes longer
 4. CLEAR BLOOD-HEAT

I~
SHU I NIU JIAO SHENG Dl HUANG XUAN SHEN MU DAN PI Zl CAO
Bubali Cornu Rehmanniae Rx. Scrophulariae Rx. Moutan Cx. Arnebiae/Lithospermi Rx.
..........• ......... . .... .......................

TY **J'!J(*~2.,') ~ii!!Ji(~:AI!/ ) :1!.:·(~~) !fJ(:J'tlli:(~E:.fiii) ~:lj!: (:Af j;)

Taste salty sweet, bitter sa lty, sweet, bitter acrid, bitter sweet

Nature cold cold cold sl cold cold

Channels HT LV ST HT KD LV KD LU ST HT LV KD HT LV

Common Function: Clear heat and cool blood for heat in t he blood level

Nourish Yin Clear Deficient Fire

• Clear Heat-Toxin • a.k.a. SHENG Dl • Drain Fire and relieve Toxicity for • a.k.a. DAN PI • a.k.a. Zl CAO GEN
Functions • Clear Heat and arrest tremors • Used for wasting and thirsting painful and swollen throat • Used for Deficient Heat without • Vent rashes and relieve Fire
and • Can replace Xi Jiao (Endangered disorder (Xiao Ke syndrome) • Soften hardness and dissipate sweating Toxicity
species) • Cool the upward blazing of HT nodules • Invigorate the Blood and dispel • Clear Damp-Heat in the skin
Indications
Fire Blood stasis (topically)
• Clear ascending LV f ire • Facilitate passage of stool and
• Drain pus and reduce swelling urine

Clear Ying (nutrit ive) and Xue (blood) level Cool Blood + Move Blood

General C/C: SP/ST deficiency with diarrhea

Contra Contra Caution Contra Contra

• rashes in patients with deficient .......-sPdef. with Damp • dampness/diarrhea due to SP/ST • cold conditions • measles
Contras Qi or without high fever • Yang deficiency deficiency • pregnancy
• deficient pregnant women with • excess menstruation Caution
and Ca ution deficient Blood or def. SP/ST lncom(:1atible • Yin def. with excess sweating • SP/ST deficiency, because it has a
Cautions • pregnancy • should be avoided with onions, • w ith Li Lu mild laxative effect
garlic, and radishes Counteract
Antagonizes Antagonizes • Tu Si Zi, Bei Mu, Da Huang
• Xi Jiao antagonizes Wu Tou • Huang Qi, Gan Jiang, Da Zao, • Should be avoided when using
(Chuan Wu, Cao Wu), & Lei Wan Shan Zhu Yu garlic

Dosage 30-120g(decoction) I 6-lSg(powder) 9-lSg 9-lSg 6-12g 3-9g

Cooking

:z:
:z: m
tD ::a
a- m
(I)
n
::r
Ill
:1.
Ill
::z:
CD
;.
n
::r
Dl

~
:a.
Ill HUANG giN HUANG LIAN HUANG BAI LONG DAN CAO KU SHEN

Scutellariae Rx. Coptidis Rz. Phellodendri Cx. Gentianae Rx. Sophorae Flavescentis Rx.
..... ·············· . ...................... . .................... ........ .........................
y 1{~( ~;5 ) 'Ifill(!!~ ) Jif8(!!'!.!i) .il.llt~(~\5~) '2!iii(J:!er)

Taste bitter bitter bitter bitter bitte r

Nature cold cold cold cold cold

Channels LU ST GB Ll HT Ll LV ST KD UB GB LV ST UB HT LV Ll ST 51

Common Function: Clear Heat and Dry Dampness

Drain fire and relieve toxicity Used for Genital itching and Jaundice

particularly in UJ particularly in MJ particularly in U

Functions
and
• Clear LU Heat • Used for diarrhea or dysentery • Drain Deficient KD Fire • Dra in Damp-Heat from the LVI GB • Disperse w ind, kil l parasites and
Indications
• Used for Shao Yang syndrome due to Damp-Heat channels (upper part: eyes, lower stop itching (prima rily for lower
• Clear Heat and stop bleeding • Clear HT Fire part: genital area) part)
(charred) • Drain ST Fire • Dra in and pacify excessive LV Fi re • Clear heat & promote urination
• Calm the fetus for restless fetus • Clear Heat and stop bleeding
due to Heat • Clear Heat (topically)
• Sedate ascending LV Yang

General C/C: SP/ST deficient cold with diarrhea I Yin fluids deficiency

Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra

• deficient LU heat • Yin deficiency • deficient SP conditions with or • d iarrhea due to SPIST defici ency • SP1ST deficient cold
• cold diarrhea or cold in MJ • N/V with SP deficient cold without diarrhea • should not be inj ected
Contras • cold blood with restless fetus • diarrhea due to deficient SPIKD
• prolonged use can injure SPIST lncom12atible
and Counteract • with Li Lu
Cautions • Mu Dan Pi, Li Lu Antagonize
• Ju Hua, Xuan Shen, Bai Xian Pi, Antagon izes
Jiang Can • Tu Si Zi and Bei M u

Counteract
• Kuan Dong Hua, Niu Xi
• Should not be taken with pork

Dosage 3-9g 1.5-9g 3-12g 3-9g 3-9g I 30g(topical)

Cooking
 6. CLEAR TOXIC-HEAT

~
JIN YIN HUA LIAN QIAO SHE GAN BAN LAN GEN SHAN DOU GEN TU FU LING PU GONG YING BAI JIANG CAO HE YE

Lonicerae Fl. Forsythiae Fr. Belamcandae Rz . lsatidis Rx. Sophorae Rx. Smilacis Rz. Taraxaci Hb. Patriniae Hb. Nelumbin is Fm.
.

~ial!( i5§£f ) iUl!(2!lil) t-l'f(Afl!') *&IHR(E!Ei2) LlJJHR(tl.!F-2) ±?:1::%(~~\S) )ifi'L}:i€(.£il5~) l&D:l\!(1Il12t~) r.r.,(of~ l

Taste sweet bitter, sl acrid bitter bitter bitter sweet, bland bitter, sweet acrid, bitter bitter, sl sweet

Nature cold sl cold cold cold cold neutral cold sl cold neutral

Channels Ll LU ST HT LU GB LU HT LU ST LU Ll LV ST LV ST Ll LV ST HT LV SP

Common Function: Clear Heat and Relieve Fire Toxicity Clear Summer-Heat

Expel externally contracted Wind-Heat Benefit Throat Reduce abscess

• Clear Damp-Heat • Reduce abscesses • Transform Phlegm • Cool the Blood • Clear LU for • Relieve Toxic and • Used for breast • Expel pus for • Raise and clear
Functions
in the Lower Jiao & dissipate clump and clear LU • Prevent epidemic cough Damp, and (mastit is and intestinal abscess SP Yang for
and
• Clear HT Heat • Anti-Cancer benefit the joint poor lactation) • Dispel Blood diarrhea
Indications
• Clear Damp-Heat • Clear LV & eyes stasis and stop • Stop bleed ing
from the skin • Used for painful pain
• Treat Syphillis urinary dribbling
• Promote lactation

Dui-Yao for
Clear Damp-Heat for jaundice
4 stages of warm febrile disease

General C/C: Deficient Cold of SP/ST wit h diarrhea

Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Caution Caution Contra Contra

Contras • diarrhea from • diarrhea from • pregnancy • weak patients or • diarrhea due to • LV/KD Yin • overdose can • SP/ST deficiency • bleeding due to
and SP/ST deficient SP/ST deficient • diarrhea due to absence of fire SP deficient cold deficiency cause mild • overdosage may deficiency or cold
cold cold SP deficiency poison • This herb should diarrhea cause nausea or
Cautions • Qi deficient sores • ulcerated not be taken dizziness Counteracts
(those wit h clear carbuncle with tea • Fu Ling
exudate ) • cold Yin ulcers
• Yin ulcers

6-20g 6-lSg 3-9g 9-lSg 3-9g 15-60g 9-30g 6-lSg

Dosage 3-9g
Small: W-H, Large: T-H

Cooking
 7. CLEAR DEFICIENT-HEAT ;~&t~H¥!(~01~£/l

I~
giNG HAO 01 GU PI BAI WEI

Artemisiae Annuae Hb. Lycii Cx. Cynanchi Atrati Rx.

.......................... .......... ·········· .. ···················-----·-·· ................. ................ ...... . .. ............... . ................. .................... -- --·-····················· ·········· ··················
TY llf:I: ( 2J~ ) il!!',it!li(XIil[lll) Bl!i§(t;!!lDI)

Taste bitter sweet, bland bitter, salty

Nature cold cold cold

Channels KD LV GB LU LV KD LU ST KD

Common Function: Clear deficient-heat, Cool Blood

Functions
• Clear Summer-Heat • Cool Blood and reduce steaming due to KD Yin deficient • Cool Blood and promote urination
and
• Cool Blood and stop bleeding Heat (with sweating) • Relieve Toxicity, red uce swelling
Indications
• Check malarial disorders and relieve Heat • Clear LU heat and stop cough
• Drain floating Fire in the KD channel (toothache)

Contra Contra Antagonizes

Contras • postpartum women with deficient blood • loose stools due to SP/ST deficient cold • Huang Qi, Da Huang, Da Ji, Gan Jiang, Da Zao,
and • SP/ST deficient cold • external disorders Shan Zhu Yu
• Should not be used with Sheng Di, Dang Gui
Cautions

Dosage 6-12g 6-lSg 3-12g

Cooking Do not subject to prolonged cooking

 8. PURGATIVES rJCF~(~of Q{) I 9. LAXATIVES ;r!:JT~(gof Q{) I 10. CATHARTICS d!3tT~ * ~ ( ~of~* Q{ l

HERB
PURGATIVES LAXATIVES CATHARTICS

DA HUANG MANG XlAO lU HUI ( HUO MA REN ) DA Jl

Rhei Rx. Natrii Sulfas Aloe Cannabis Sm. Euphorbiae Pekinensis Rx .

........................................ ...................................................... ............ . . .................................
PROPERTY :*:~( 01!/ ) c~i!l ( 'b'~ l i.l'ii(.'r.:2l) :kltt: ( :2l0f~) :*:ft(OI~)

Taste bitter acrid, bitter, salty bitter sweet bitter, acrid

Nature cold very cold cold neutral cold, toxic

Channels HT Ll LV ST ST Ll Ll LV ST Ll SP ST KD Ll SP

Common Function: Drain heat and move stool (Purge accumulation)

• Drain Damp-Heat for jaundice or • Moisten dryness and soften • Clear Heat and cool the LV • Nourish and moisten Intestines • a.k.a. JING DA Jl
Functions acute hot dysentery like disorders hardness • Kill parasites and st rengthen ST • Nourish Yin • Drain water downward and drive
and • Drain Blood Heat for bleeding • Used for Excess Heat in the STILl • Clear Heat and promote heal ing out congested fluids
Indications (charred) • Clear Heat, reduce swelling of sores • Reduce swelling and dissipate
• Invigorate Blood and move Blood (external use) nodules
stasis (JIU; wine-treated)
• Clear Toxic-Heat

General CIC: SPIST deficient cold, pregnancy and menstruation SP1ST deficient cold, pregnancy

Contra Contra Contra Caution Contra

Contras • exterior conditions • patient without excess heat • pregnancy and menstruation • overdose or long-term use may • cold deficient edema
• Qi/Biood deficiency • elderly patient • SPIST deficient cold result in vaginal discharge or • pregnancy
and
• SP1ST deficient cold • SP deficiency • rectal bleeding spermatorrhea
Cautions • nursing mother (enter milk) • during pregnancy I postpartum Caution
period I menstruation • weak patients
Caution
lncom12atible
• pregnancy or menstruation
• with Gan Cao

Dosage 3-lSg 6-18g 1.5-4.5g (pill or capsule) 9-lSg 1.5-3g

cooking for more than

Cooking 10 minutes will reduce dissolve into the strained decoction crush before cooking
its purgative effect

:z:
m
;:a

"'en
%
CD
;.
n 11. DIURETICS
::r
Ill
DONG HAN DENG MU DONG CHE
:+

\
FU LING VI VI REN ZHU LING ZE XIE YIN CHEN QU MAl BIAN XU SHI WEI HUA SHI Dl FU Zl Bl XIE
Ill GUA REN FANG Jl XIN CAO TONG KUI Zl QIAN Zl

Poria Coicis Polyporus Ali smat is Benincasae Stephan iae Artemisiae Junci Akebiae Malvae Dianth i Polygoni Pyrrosiae Plantaginis Talcum Kochiae Dioscoreae

tl:* •nt: 1'11~ ;~~ :11:-!1\t: ~'JiB i!lllt m•c.':1it *~ :11:-~T- rvr :lUll .f.ill lli:iiH ;oft.o ti!!JJtT- Jj:M
~ ~~ ) ( ~012.!) ( A1~ ) (§I )\f) (§l!l2.!) ~~~JI) ( 2.!~) (§-e:l~ ) ~~~) (§Tl-Af) (-ll'!!l) (l':!~) (~'fi) (Xf l!Xf) ~~~) (XI!:F-Xf) (t:l i 5H)

sw eet , sw eet, sweet, sweet, b itter, sweet, bitter, sweet, sweet,

T sweet bitter bitter sweet bitter bitter sweet bitter
bland b land bland bland acrid b land sweet bland b itter

N neutral sl cold sl coo l cold cold cold sl cold sl cold sl cold cold cold sl cold sl cold cold cold cold neutral

HT SP KD LU 5P 5T LU 5T LV 5P GB UB KD
c LU KD
5P KD UB KD UB Ll 51 UB 5P KD
5T
HT LU 51 UB HT 51 UB Ll 51 UB HT 51 UB UB LU
LV LU
5T UB UB KD UB LV 5T

Eliminate
Promote Urination, Eliminate Water & Damp and Reduce Edema Promote Urination, Relieve LIN syndrome
LV/GB D-H

Strengthen SP Drain HT heat via Sl

• a.k.a BAI • Clear Heat • Promote • Settle • a.k.a. • a.k.a. • a.k.a. YIN • Clear HT • a.k.a. • Expel • Clear Heat • Solidify • Clear • Expel • a.k.a BEl
F FU LING expel pus urine and Ministerial DONG FANG Jl CHEN HAD and direct DONG parasites and stop stool for Summer Damp and XIE
• Harmonize • Expel W-D leech out Fire in KD GUA Zl • Expel W-D • Principle Fire GUI GUO and stop bleeding diarrhea Heat stop • Separate
& MJ for Bi syn dampness • Drain D-H • Clear heat alleviate herb for downward • Benefit itching • Clear the • Absorb itching pure from
• Transform from l.J. and expel pain for jaundice breasts eyes Damp for turbid for
I Phlegm Phlegm & Bi syn. • Moisten eczema, Gao Lin
• Quiet HT promote intestine sore • Expel
and clam discharge Unblock Unblock (topically) W-D &
Shen of pus blood stasis blood stasis unblock
channels
Fu ling Pi • Clear D-H
• Diuretic from the
skin
Fu Shen Promote lactation Expel Phlegm, st op cough
• Calm shen
General C/C: Yin deficiency and consumed fluids

Contra Caution Contra Contra Caution Contra Contra Caution Contra Contra Contra Caution Caution Contra Contra Antagonizes Contra
• frequent • pregnancy • damp • sperma- • damp cold • interior • deficient • def. cold • pregnancy • diarrhea • pregnancy • over • without • pregnancy • SP Qi • Hai Piao O""i(i)Yin
copious patterns torrhea or or loose damp jaundice patterns • without due to SP • SP or KD dosage D-H def. of Xiao def.
urine due vaginal stool with pale D-H deficiency deficiency can cause Caution sperma- patterns
to Caution discharge Caution yellow drainage • exhausted torrhea
c deficient • long term due to KD • def. Yin skin, Caution Caution Antagonize of the Yang Qi I • depleted
& cold use may Yang def. normal • patients • pregnancy • Sang Piao sperma- fluids
injure Yin or damp urine, with any Xiao essential torrhea from
c Counteracts cold soggy sign of Qi from del. warm
• Di Yu, patterns pulse, del. Yin KD or febri le
Qin Jiao, this is • overdose from disease
Bie Jia (over60g) exhaustion • excessive
• should be deficient leads to due to urine
avoided Qi in the acute overwork
with MJ and renal Caution
vinegar not damp failure • pregnancy

D 9-lSg 9-30g 6-12g 4.5-9g 9-lSg 4.5-9g 9-30g 1.5-4.5g 3-6g 3-9g 9-lSg 9-lSg 6-9g 9-lSg 9-lSg 9-lSg 9-lSg

c w rap in porous bag

 12. DISPEL WIND-DAMP

~
DU HUO WEI LING XIAN HAl TONG PI QIN JIAO MU GUA SANG ZHI XI XIAN CAO BAI HUA SHE WU JIA PI SANG Jl SHENG

Angelicae Rx. Clemat idis Rx. Eryth rinae Cx. Gentianae Rx. Chaenomelis Fr. Mori Rm. Siegesbeckiae Hb. Agkistrodon Eleutherococci Cx. Taxilli Hb.

TY ~;!(~~) J~Hll it!J ('fl \3 ~ ) )i;jjii}$.(5H~lll) ~Ji:(~ill) *!1\(~::ill) ~ttWXI) ~w:!i!(£Jei~l 8i'H't(~~ Af) Ii:1J0$.(2Jflll ) ~'i:i'~WJ I ~ )

Taste bitter, acrid acrid, salty bitter, acrid bitter, acrid sour bitter bitter sweet, sa lt y acrid, bitter bitter, sweet

Nature warm warm neutral sl cold warm neutral cold warm, toxic warm neutral

Channels KD UB UB LV SP KD GB LV ST LV SP LV KD LV LV KD LV KD LV

Tonify LV/KD,
Expel Wind-Damp, Stop pain for Bi syndromes Unblock Channels, Smooth Tendons
Strengthen sinew/bone

• Disperse W-C-D, • Unblock • Unblocks the • Relax sinews • Relax sinew • Benefit the • Strengthen the • Dispel w ind • Transform • Nourish Blood
especial ly in channels and channels • Clear Heat from (for cramping joints (esp. for sinews from the skin Damp & red uce and cal m womb
the lower back alleviate pain • Promote deficiency pain) upper limbs) • Clear Heat and • Dispel wind swell ing • Nourish Blood
Functions and legs • Soften and urination and • Resolve Damp • Harmonize ST • Also used for calm LV (for from si news and benefit
• Release Exterior transform fish reduces edema and remove and transform edema hypertension) • Sett le jitteriness ski n
and
• Also used for bones • Treats itching jaundice Damp • Tra nsform and convulsions • Recently used
Indications
Shao Yin HA & • Also used for skin lesions • Moisten the • Reduce food Dam p-Heat for treat ing
toothache focal distension • Used as a Intestines and retention hypertension
& accumulation gargle for move stool
toothache due
to dental
cavities

General C/C: Yin deficiency except Qin Jiao and Sang Ji Sheng

Cont ra Contra Contra Contra Contra • none noted Contra Contra Caution • none not ed
Contras
-.-y;;-deficient • Qi deficiency • blood deficiency • freq uent • ext erior • Yin or Blood • Yin deficiency • Yin deficiency
heat signs and Blood urinat ion condit ions deficiency with heat w ith heat
and deficiency • chron ic pain
Cautions wit h emaciation Caution Caution
---
• SP deficiency • if taken to • Blood deficiency
with diarrhea excess, can
harm the teeth
and bones

6-9g I 3-9g(decoction)
Dosage 3-9g 6-lSg 3-9g 6-12g 9-lSg (up to 30g) 9-lSg 4.5-9g 9-lSg
15-30g(fishbone) 1-l.Sg(powder)

Cooking
..
:::1:
ft)
C7'
13. DISSOLVE HOT PHLEGM iMMt~~ (~~~Et'2fl
n
:::r
Ill

I~
:l giAN HU CHUAN BEl MU ZHE BEl MU GUA LOU PI GUA LOU GUA LOU REN ZHU RU HAl ZAO
Ill

Peucedani Rx. Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bs. Fritillariae Thunbergii Trichosanthis Sm. Trichosanthis Fr. Trichosanthis Sm. Bambusae Caulis Sargassum
...................... . .. ··················· ....................... ·········
TY litrM(~§. ) JII~Jlt ( ~IllJ2 ) i!Ji~Jlt ( ~llil2) JJ.\JfBi(.ilf;;pJII) JJ.\Jf(.ilf;;p) JJ.\Jfi:-(.ilf;;pen tH5 ( ~01) ;Jij;J ( 5fi~)

Taste bitter, acrid bitter, sweet bitter sweet sweet sweet sweet bitter, salty

Nature sl cold sl cold cold cold cold cold sl cold cold

Channels LU HT LU HT LU LU ST Ll Ll LU ST LU ST Ll LU ST GB KD LV LU ST

Common Function: Herbs that cool and transform Phlegm-Heat

Stop cough From same plant

• Descend Qi Dry cough Productive cough husk of fruit fruit seed • Used for GB Fire • Soften hardness for
downward and expel harboring Phlegm neck nodules
Functions Phlegm • Clear ST Heat, stop • Promote urine &
• Release Exterior • For yin deficiency, • For acute LU Heat vomiting reduce edema
and Expand the chest
Wind cough with slight pattern with • Also traditionally
Indications sputum that is productive cough used for pain
difficult to • a.k.a QUAN GUA LOU
associated with
expectorate hernial disorder
Moisten the intestines

• Promote healing of
Dissipate nodules Dissipate nodule sores

General C/C: SP/ST deficient cold, Cold-Phlegm, Damp-Phlegm

lncom()atible with Wu Tou

Contras Counteracts Contra Caution Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra

• Li Lu • SP/ST deficient • phlegm due to • Damp-Phlegm caused • SP/ST deficient cold, • SP/ST deficient cold • nausea/vomiting due • SP/ST deficient cold
and symptoms damp-cold Cold-Phlegm or causing diarrhea
by SP weakness to cold ST or cold
Cautions Damp-Phlegm • diarrhea food stagnation lncom~atible
Counteracts • without heat • with Gan Cao
• Qin Jiao

• Antagonizes: Gan Jiang

• Counteract: Niu Xi

Dosage 3·9g 3-9g I 1-l.Sg(powder) 4.5-9g 6-12g 9-21g 9-lSg 4.5-9g 6-lSg

Cooking
 14. DISSOLVE COLD PHLEGM

~
TIAN NAN XING BAN XIA XUAN FU HUA BAI giAN BAI JIE Zl JIE GENG

Arisaematis Rz. Prep Pinelliae Rh . Pre p lnulae Fl. Cynanchi Stauntonii Rz. Sinapis Sm . Platycod i Rx.

TV 7<:i¥J£(~E.'~) "'':t:(~ofl lilili1EI~~m l BiiiJ(!llle!) 8=J'f'f(!lllJHXf) fstf(~Ei)

Taste bitter, acrid acrid bitter, acr id, salty acrid, sweet acrid bitter, acr id

Nature warm, toxic warm, toxic sl warm sl warm w arm neut ral

Channels LV LU SP LU SP ST LV LU ST SP LU LU LU

Common Function: Herbs that warm and transform Cold-Phlegm

TOXICITY: reduced by Sheng Jiang and M ing Fan Directs LU Qi downward

Dry Damp and Transform Phlegm

Functions • a.k.a. ZHI TIAN NAN XING • Important herb LU Qi • Warm the LU, regulate Qi • Ope n up and diffuse LU
• Disperse Wind-Phlegm in Descend rebellious ST Qi & stop vomiting blockage and stagnation and expel Ph legm Qi, Benefits the throat
and
channels and stop spasms (esp. good for cough w ith • Open the cha nnels and stop (for both P-C and P-H )
Indications
• Reduce swelling and phlegm in the throat) pain • Promote discharge of pus
• a.k.a. ZHI BAN XIA • Used for vomiting, hiccup,
alleviate pain (topically) • Benefit t he throat
• Only the prepared herb is and belching
for internal use • Direct the effect of other
• DAN NAN XING: herbs upwa rd
bitter/cool, for tremor,
seizures, or stroke due to Dissipate nodule and Dissipate nodule and
phlegm-heat (3-Gg) reduce swelling reduce sw elling

General C/C: Yin deficiency with Heat, Phlegm-Heat

Contra Contra Caution Contra Contra Contra

-.--yjjldeficiency ~II cases of bleeding due • Use sparingly with deficient • cough due to Qi deficiency • cough from deficient LU • hemoptysis
Contras • pregna ncy to Yin def. coughs, or conditions or KD not grasping the Qi • Yin deficient heat
• dry phlegm, hot, and dry depleted fluids • Do not use topical ly with
and Counteracts
LU patterns skin sensitiveness • Long Dan Cao & Long Van
Cautions Caution Rou
Counteract s ~ heat conditions
• Fu Zi, Gan Jaing, Sheng
Jiang lncom~ati ble
• wit h Wu Tou

4.5-9g (decoction)
Dosage 3-9g 3-9g 3-9g 3-9g 3-9g
0.3-lg (power)

Don't decoct for a long

Cooking wrap in cheesecloth
period of t ime
::t
CD
a-
n
:::r
Ill
::1.
Ill
%
CD
a- 15. STOP COUGH AND WHEEZING .il:'\tlf-Pffil~(XIoH~~ Q.t )
n
:r
Ill

~
::l
Ill XING REN Zl su Zl Zl WAN KUAN DONG HUA BAI BU PI PA YE SANG BAI PI

Armeniacae Sm. Perillae Fr. Asteris Rx. Farfarae Fl. Stemonae Rx. Eriobotryae Fm. Mori Cx.
······· ·· ·····································
TY ~8Si:( ~ !t'jll\)
~1=.(~£1) iFf(~Xf) ~~( Xf§) ~~1E(2t§mJ sl'lB(!t'j¥ J tll:;t!'!Dt(tJ\llfl1:1)

Taste bitter acrid acrid, bitter acrid sweet, bitter b itter sweet

Nature sl warm, sl toxic warm sl warm warm sl warm neutral cold

Channels LU Ll Ll LU LU LU LU LU ST LU

Common Function: Relieve cough and stop wheezing

Descend LU Qi, stop cough & wheezing Moisten LU Clear LU heat

Transform phlegm transform phlegm

Functions • Broadly for many kinds
and of cough (especia lly for
Indications externally contracted • a.k.a. SU Zl • a.k.a . BAI BU GEN • For nausea, vomiting • Promote urination and
dry cough) • Stifling sensation in the • Expel pa rasites and kill due t o ST Heat reduce edema
chest lice (externa l) • Recently used for
hypertension

For various types of cough/wheezing

Moisten intestine
(acrid, warm but not drying)

General C/C: heat condition for w arm herbs I cold condition for cold herbs

Caution Contra Caution Caution Contra Contra Contra

• diarrhea • chron ic diarrhea • cough due to deficient • any cough with a heat • SP def iciency or loose • vomiting due to cold • deficient LU
• infants Yin with heat disorders stool ST • excessive urine
Contras • long term use or large • coughing due to • cough due to W-C
and Antagonizes doses is not Antagonize externa lly contracted
Cautions • Huang Qi, Ge Gen, recommended • Xuan Shen cold in the LU
Huang Qin • cough due to excessive
heat Counteract
• Bei Mu, Xin Yi Hua,
Counteract s Ma Huang, Huang Qin,
• Yin Chen Hao Huang Lian, Huang Qi

Dosage 3-9g 3-9g S-9g 4.5-9g 3-9g I 30-60g(pinworm) 6-lSg 6-lSg

crush, usually ground

Cooking
add near the end before use
 16. AROMATICS FOR DAMP

~
HUO XIANG CANG ZHU HOU PO BAI DOU KOU SHA REN CAO DOU KOU CAO GUO

Pogostemonis Hb. Atractylodis Rz. Magnoliae Cx. Amomi Fr. Rotundus Amomi Fr. Alpiniae Katsumadai Sm. Tsaoko Fr.
.

fiHi ( "t~ l IlttW~ l }l:"(-'\'-\4 ) s l!Ji~ ( \!!1~-=? l li'.Pf=( Afe_l ) ~ 12:~ ( ~~-'? ) ~ ~d ~Jlf )

Taste acrid acrid, bitter bitter, acrid acrid acrid acrid acrid

Nature sl warm warm warm warm, aromatic warm, aromatic warm, aromatic warm

Channels LU SP ST SP ST Ll LU SP ST LU SP ST SP ST SP ST SP ST

Common Function: Transform Excess & Turbid Damp from the Middle Jiao

Transform Damp Dry Damp Transform Damp Dry Damp

I I
Move Qi and dissolve stagnation

• Strongly dry Damp and Warm the Middle Jiao

Functions
and Stop nausea/vomiting
Indications
• Release Exterior
• Used for Summer-heat
• Treat dermatosis
Release the exterior
strengthen SP
• Clear Damp in the u
• Improve vision
• Induce sweating for • Direct Qi downward,
W-D pathogens
Cause rebellious Qi to descend (for nausea/vomiting)
• Used for diarrhea due
reduce Phlegm, calm to SP Cold • Strongly dry Damp and
wheezing • Calm the fetus (for disperse Cold
morning sickness) • Check malarial disorders
• Prevent stagnation
from tonifying herbs
(esp. for Shu Di)

General C/C: Yin deficiency with heat

Contra
Contras
• excessive sweating due Caution Contra Contra
and Contra to Qi deficiency • pregnancy • Yin/Blood deficiency • Qi/Biood deficiency
• def. Yin with heat • def. Yin with heat Contra Contra
Cautions • absent Cold-Damp
• ST fire • deficient Yin with heat • Yin deficiency
Antagonize Caution • overdosage can cause
Caution • Ze Xie, Han Shui Shi • absent Cold-Damp vomiting
• loose watery stools

Dosage 3-9g 3-9g 3-9g 3-6g 3-6g 3-6g 3-6g

cook no more than crush,

Cooking add near the end
15 minutes add near the end
~
SHAN ZHA MAl VA GU VA SHEN Q.U Jl NEI JIN LAI FU Zl

Crataegi Fr. Hordei Fr. Germinatus Setariae (Oryzae) Fr. Massa medicata Fermentata Gigeriae Galli Endothelium Raphani Sm.
TY
U-l~(6!Af ) lii'~ ( QllOf) -8-~ ( ~0 f) ~$EI!!( 0.!~ ) a~~ ( Jjl Ulsl ~)!a'f ( Lf~Xf)

Taste sour, sweet sweet sweet sweet, acrid sweet acrid, sweet

Nature sl warm neutral neutral warm neutral neutral

Channels LV SP ST LV SP ST SP ST SP ST UB 51 SP ST LU SP ST

Common Function: Reduce Food stagnation

For meat or greasy foods For starchy foods For minerals For various types For fullness and distension

Functions • Move Blood stasis
and • Stop diarrhea (charred)
Indications • Also used recently for
hypertension, coronary
artery disease and elevated
serum cholesterol
• Restrain lactation • Strengthen the SP/ST • Harmonize the ST
• Soothe LV Qi • Added to pills containing
heavy minerals to aid in
digestion and absorption
• Strongly reduce food • Transform accumulation
retention and improve • Descend LU Qi and
T&T of SP transform Phlegm (for
• Secure the Essence and cough/wheezing)
stop enuresis
• Transform stones (either
urinary or biliary tract)

General C/C: Pure deficiency without excess

Contras Caution Contra • none noted Contra Caution Caution

and • SP/ST deficiency without • nursing women (except in a • ST fire • SP deficiency without food • Qi deficiency
food stagnation very low dosage, up to 9g) retention
Cautions
• acid regurgitation Antagonize
Caution
• pregnancy • Ren Shen

9-lSg I
Dosage 9-12g
30-60g (inhibit lactation)
9-lSg 6-lSg 3-9g I l.S-3g(powder) 4.5-9g

more effective
Cooking crushed
if taken in powdered form
 18. REGULATE Ql I.flia!l! (OI JIQ,' )

~
CHEN PI QING PI ZHI SHI ZHI KE DA FU PI XIANG FU CHUAN LIAN Zl WU YAO CHEN XIANG MU XIANG

Citri Perica rpium Citri Viride Peri. Aurantii lmmaturus Aurantii Fr. Arecae Peri. Cyperi Rhizoma Toosendan Fr. Linderae Rx. Aquilariae Lignum Aucklandiae Rx.

TY lll!ll(~TII) i!t!ll('2JTII) 'IR.(XI@l) fR~(XI2!) ::k!ll!ll([]~TII) 11fll#(~l?) Jllf*'f( t! El Xf) .@;!l-!(221) ;nw(ei ~l *11f("l~)

acri d, sl bitte r,
Taste ac rid, bitte r bitter, acrid bitt er, ac rid bitt er, acri d acrid bitter ac rid acri d, bitter acri d, bitter
sl sweet
Nature warm, aromatic warm sl cold sl cold sl warm neutral col d, sl toxic warm wa rm, aro mat ic warm
Channels LU 5P 5T GB LV 5T Ll 5P 5T 5P 5T Ll 51 5P 5T LV 5J GB UB LV 51 5T UB KD LU 5P KD 5P 5T GB Ll 5P 5T 5J

Common Function: Regulate Qi and remove Qi stagnation

Same fruit Same fruit

Mature Immature Immature Mature Regulate Qi and alleviate pain

• Regulate M .J.
relieve the
diaphragm and Break up Qi stagnation
stop nausea &
vomiting
Functions • Dry Damp and • Dissipate clumps • Direct Qi • Milder than • Direct Qi • a.k.a XI ANG FU • a.k.a. JIN LI NG • Expel Cold and • Direct rebel Qi • Adju st and
and tran sform and reduce downward and Zhi Sh i (so downward and Zl Zl alleviate Pain downward & regulate
Indications Phlegm stagnation move stool esp. appropriate reduce • Regulate • Clear Heat and regulate Middle stagnant Qi in
• Help prevent • Used for brea st • Transform for weak stagnation dry Damp Jiao the intestine
menstruation &
stagnation abscess due to Phlegm and patients) • Kill parasites • Prevent
• Promote alleviate pain
from tonics Damp/Phlegm expel focal urination and stagnation
• If there is
distension constipat ion, move Damp f rom tonics and
• Ju Hong: • Also use with Zhi Shi is help T&T
More drying & Qi tonics herbs more
aromatic than for M.J. Qi appropriate
Chen Pi, but sinking
is less effective for frequent for asthma
• Recently used
in harmon izing urination and wheezing
to raise blood
Midd le (3-9g)
pressure
Soothe LV Qi Soothe LV Qi Warm the KD

General C/C: Qi def iciency, Yi n deficient heat

Contra Caution Ca utio n Caut ion Caut ion Co nt ra Contra Contra Cautio n Co ntra
• dry cough from • Qi deficiency • pregnancy • pregna ncy • Qi deficiency • deficient Qi • cold deficient • Qi def iciency • prolapse from • deficient Yin
Qi or Yin def. • weak norma l Qi without 5P/5T • interior heat deficient Qi • depleted fluid
Contras • cold deficient stagnation • def icient Yin
and Caution sto mach • deficient Yin or w ith heat signs
Cautions • red tongue blood heat
• hot ph legm or
dry excess heat
cough
• patient who
spits up blood

Dosage 3-9g 3-9g 3-9g 3-9g 4.5-9g 6-12g 4.5-9g 3-9g 1-l.Sg (powder) 3-9g
add nea r t he end add last
Cooking
in decoct ion 5 minutes
.,..::z:
r::r
19. STOP BLEEDING Jt illl ~ ( A:I~Q,' )
n
::r ::z:
Dl m

~
:+
Ill PU HUANG SAN Ql QIAN CAO GEN XIAN HE CAO BAI Jl HUAI HUA Ml 01 vu CE BAI YE BAI MAO GEN AI YE ::a
OJ
Ul
Typha e Poll en Notoginseng Rx. Rubiae Rx. Agrimoniae Hb. Bletillae Rz . Sophorae Fl. Sanguisorbae Rx. Platycladi Cacu. lmperatae Rz. Artemisiae Argyi

TY >illJil'(£1}) .=:-twg:l !!1HR ( ~ii.2) itl!U1;l: ( {;!~ii.) B:!t ( t:!!i~ ) ·llHE*(::i!l£101 ) il!!lt ( J:I~ ) illHa~(~t:!!lgJ ) 8~:1R ( t:!!i22 ) :lt~ ( OHgJ )

Taste sweet, acrid sweet, sl bitter bitt er bitte r, astringent bitter, sweet bitt er bitt er, so ur bitter, astringent sweet bitter, acrid

Nature neutral warm cold neutra l cool cool sl col d sl co ld cold wa rm

Channels LV HT SP LV ST HT LV LU LV SP LU ST LV LV Ll LV Ll ST LU LV Ll LU ST 51 UB SP LV KD

Warm womb+
Move blood + Stop bleeding Astringe blood + Stop bleeding Cool blood + Stop bleeding
Stop bleeding
For Ll bleeding:
hemorrhoid or dysentery

• Astringe Blood • Reduce swelling • a.k.a QIAN CAO • Al leviate • Reduce swelling • a.k.a. HUAI Ml • Clear Heat • Stop cough and • Clear Heat and • Calm the fetus
Functions & stop bleeding and al leviate • Cool Blood and diarrhea and and (topica lly) or HUAI HUA expel Ph legm promote urine • Disperse Co ld
and • Promote pain for trauma stop bleeding dysenteric • Cool LV (for • Clear Heat from & alleviate pain
Indications urination disorders blood pressure) ST/LU • Eliminate Damp
• Ki ll paras ites & stop itching
(used for
t richomonas
vaginitis and Generate flesh Generate flesh
tapeworm) (topically) (topically)

Used for trauma Topically for burns

General C/C: pregn ancy General C/C: bl ood st asis

Caution Contra Co ntra Ca ution Cont ra Caut ion Cont ra Ca ution Co ntra Ca ution
• pregnancy • pregnancy • SP/ST cold due • ca n cause • hemoptys is due • SP/ST co ld • co ld def icient • long term or • cold from SP • blood heat
to deficiency nausea/vomiting to exterior patients pat ients large dosage def iciency • Yi n deficiency
Contras Cauti on con dit ion use may ca use
and • Blood/Yin def. • early st age of dizziness,
LU abscess nausea/vomiting
Cautions • excessive heat
in t he LU/ST

lnco m[1at ibl e

• with W u Tou I
Fu Zi

1-l.Sg (powd er) 3- lSg (up to 30g)

Dosage 3-9g 9-l Sg 6-12g 4.5-9g 9- lSg 6-lSg 9-30g 3-9g
3-6g (decoct ion) 1.5-3g (powder)

wrap in
Cooking
cheesecloth
 20. ACTIVATE BLOOD

CHUAN VAN HU HUAI CHUAN WANG BU

VU JIN DAN SHEN CHI SHAO VI MU CAO ZE LAN TAO REN HONG HUA MO VAO RU XIANG SAN LENG E ZHU
XIONG suo NIU XI NIU XI LIU XING

1\
p
Chuanxiong
Jl l sg
Corydalis

~i!ill*
Curcumae
!U:
Salviae Rx.
fT~
Paeoniae R. Leonuri Hb.

#9 ~iij-~
Lycopi Hb .
;nil
Persicae

:f!tt=
Carthami Fl.
U1E
Myrr h a
;1!,l!
Olibanum
nw
Spargan ii
.=:fi
Curcumae
~Jtt
Achyranth is

m'l'~
Cyathulae
Jll 'l'~
Vaccariae
:E1''ill1'T
(~~) (e!2. i>Jl ) (~~) (8~) (~<Si") (2.12~) (§I E:f) (SO e.!) (!Hf) (~~) (~~) (~g) (Of~) (£1.\F~) ( ~.\F~) (%~~~)

bitter, sweet,
T acrid acr id, bitter acrid, bitter bitter sou r, bitter acrid, bitter bitter, acrid acrid bitter acrid, bitter bitter, acrid bitter, acrid bitter, sou r bitter
sweet bitter

N warm warm cold sl cold sl cold sl cold sl warm neutral warm neutral warm neutral wa rm neutra l neutral neutra l

c HT Ll
LV GB PC HT LV ST HT LU LV HT PC LV LV SP HT LV UB LV SP HT LV HT LV SP HT LV SP LV SP LV SP LV KD LV KD LV ST
LV LU

Common Function: Invigorate the blood, Remove blood stasis and alleviate pain

I I I I
For various Unblock
For various
Dui-Yao for amenorrhea Dui-Yao for Pain due to Dui-Yao for break up blood,
types of Regulate menstruation menstruation,
types of pain Cool Blood and dysmenorrhea trauma and W-C-0 Bi remove accumulation, and Niu Xi
& promote urination promote
headache due to blood stasis syndrome stop pain
lactation

• Expel Wind • Stop pain • Used GB • Nourish • a.k.a. CHI • Clear Heat • Used • Moisten • Unblock • Promote • Relax • Also used • Move Qi • aka NIU XI • Expel Wind • Reduce
F and stop due to disorder Blood SHAO YAO and resolve topically& intestine menses healing sinews, for stronger • Tonify and drain swellings
& pain (esp. various (jaundice, • Clear LV Toxicity internally & unblock • Harmonize (topical) activate childhood than San LV/ KD Damp (for breast,
I headache) etiology gall stone) Fire for trauma bowels Blood channels nutritional Leng strengthen • Unblock testicles)
(0.9-l.Sg) impairment muscle & menses
bone
• Clear
Clear HT Damp-Heat
Reduce swelling and in L.J.
Open orifice Calm Shen generate flesh

Induce downward
Move the Qi Move the Qi
movement of blood
Pregnancy General C/C: Pregnancy

Contra Contra Contra Caution Caution Contra Caution Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra
• Yin def. • pregnancy • must have • without • blood • pregnancy • pregnancy • pregnancy • pregnancy • pregnancy • pregnancy • pregnancy • pregnancy • pregnancy • pregnancy • pregnancy
with heat stagnant blood deficiency • without • excess • diarrhea • excess
• HA due to Qi/blood stasis Caution blood uterine Caution Caution Caution due to SP menses or
LV Yang • Yin def. • Blood/Yin stasis bleeding • SP def. • deficient • Qi/Biood deficiency sperm a-
c rising from loss lncom(1atible deficiency condition deficiency • excess torrhea
&
• Qi def. of blood • with Li Lu • excess menses or
c • excess menses sperma-
menstrual Caution torrhea
bleeding • pregnancy due to
• overdose weak
may cau se Antagonize basal Qi
vomiting/ • DingXiang
• should not be used with
dizziness
Bai Qian

3-9g (d) 3-9g 6-lSg, 9-lSg 3-9g,

D 6-12g 6-lSg 9-lSg 4.5-9g 3-9g 3-9g 3-9g 3-9g 6-lSg 4.5-9g 4.5-9g
1-l.Sg (p) 60g(vasculitis) (up to 30g) 0.9-l.S(H)

c crush add near

the end ::z:
::z: m
..
ID
IT
::a
Dl
(II
n
:::r
Ill
:+
Ill
..:z:
CD
r::r
21. WARM INTERIOR
n
:r
Ill

I~
::I. XIAO HUI GAO
Ill CHUAN WU CAO WU FU Zl GAN JIANG ROU GUI HUA JIAO WU ZHU YU DING XIANG Bl BA HU JIAO
XIANG LIANG JIANG

Aconiti Rx. Ac. Kusnezoffii Ac. Rx. Lateral. Zingiberis Rz. Cinnamom i Cx. Zanthoxyli Peri. Evodiae Fr. Foenicu li Fr. Caryophylli Fl. Alpiniae Rz. Piperis Longi Piperis Fr.
TY !11~ ( ~2. ) 1;!: ~ ( ~2. ) 'ft'f(!f! Xf) 'f!JE(2:!~ ) ~f!( ~ J!l) J ll ~( ~~ ) !~JiUl!( 2. *.g. l •Hii1\i(~£! ~) T1\!f(~~l ~J.Hl'(:LIE~m -~(!§!'§.') lill~(2~)

Taste acrid, bitter acrid, bitter acrid acrid acrid, sweet acrid acrid, bitter acrid acrid acrid acrid acrid
hot, hot, hot, hot,
Nature hot, toxic hot hot warm warm hot hot hot
very_ toxic very_ toxic sl toxic sl toxic

Channels LV SP LV SP KD HT KD SP HT LU SP ST HT KD LV SP KD SP ST LV SP ST LV KD SP ST KD SP ST SP ST ST Ll Ll ST

Common Function: Warm interior, Expel cold, and alleviate pain

Aconiti
Warm M .J. and descend ST rebellious Qi Warm M.J. and st op pain
Radix (WU TOU) Radix Lateralis
Channel Organ, Channel

• Disperse • a.k.a. CHUAN • Warm MJ & • Warm LV/ KD • Warm KD & • Direct s • Used for • Primarily a
Expel W-C-0 , remove
Restore devastated Yang deep Cold, JIAO stop pain & stop pain aid Yang rebellious Qi headache Digestive
painful obstruction
warm the • Warm MJ & • Warm SP, down ward and nasal herb
Functions
channels & stop pain stop congestion
and • a.k.a . ZH I • a.k.a. ZHI • a.k.a. ZHI FU • Warm SP/ST stop pain • Kill parasites diarrhea, & • Used for
Indicat ions CHUAN WU CAO WU Zl & expel Cold • Lead fire and alleviate expel C-D toothache
• Reduce • Almost • Disperse • Warm LU & back to the abdominal • Lead fire (topica lly)
swelling, exclusively Cold, and transform source pain downward
induce topical use warm the Phlegm • Encourage • For vertex
ulcerations • Similar to channels & generation headache
and dispel Chuan W u stop pain • PAO JIANG: of Qi/Biood due t o Cold
putrefaction but is • Guide the warm the
stronger, actions of channel stop
more toxic other herbs bleeding
and used into 12 ch .
rarely Warm fire and Warm fire and
Soothe LV Qi
assist Yang assist Yang
General C/C: Heat syndrome, Yin deficiency, and pregnancy
Contra Contra Cont ra Contra Contra Caution Contra Contra Contra Contra
• deficient Yin, & true heat, false cold • deficient Yin • deficient Yin • deficient Yin • deficient Yin • deficient Yi n • febri le • def. Yin • heat from • deficient Yin
• pregnancy with heat w ith heat w ith heat w ith heat with heat disease and with heat either exces with heat
• reckless of • interior • long term Yin def. • for weak or defi ciency
Contras lncom[:>atible movement excess heat Caution use is not patient
• with Ban Xia, Bei Mu, Gua Lou, Bai Lian, of hot blood • reckless • pregnancy recomme nded Antagonize shou ld not
and Bai Ji movement • can inj ure • Yu Jin be used
Cautions Caution of hot blood Antagonize the Qi (very alone (add
Antagonize • pregnancy • Gua Lou drying) Da ng Shen
• Wu Gong Caution & Ba i Zhu)
• pregnancy Counteract Antagonize
Counteract • Kuan Dong • Dan Shen,
• Xi Jiao, Lu Dou Hua, Fu Zi, Zi Shi Ying
Fang Feng
l.S-4.5g (d) 1.5-3g (d)
Dosage 1.5-4.5g 1.5-3g 3-15g 3-9g l.S-6g 3-9g 3-9g 1-3g 3-9g 1.5-4.5g
1-2g (powder) 0.5-1 (pill)
Cooking boil for 30-60 minute longer add near end crush
 22. Ql TONICS

~
REN SHEN DANG SHEN HUANG g1 BAI ZHU BAI BIAN DOU SHAN YAO DA ZAO GAN CAO VI TANG FENG M l GENG Ml

Ginseng Rx. Codonopsis Rx. Astragali Rx. Atractylodis Rz. Lablab Sm. Dioscoreae Rz. Jujubae Fr. Glycyrrhizae Rx. Maltosum Mel Oryzae Sm.
TY A~(e.!~) lU<(g~l j\(~(rt JI ) aJtt('!'i~l a.fillfl(I!'IE:l~J ilil¥!{6!2.1) :kli(Cll::l':) 1t:lj!:(iY~) iil*i(Oi g) ~UWs!14 l fli!*(~OI)

Taste sweet, sl bitter sw eet sweet bitter, sw eet sweet sweet sweet sweet sweet sweet sweet

Nature sl warm neutral sl wa rm wa rm neutra l neutral warm neutral sl warm neutral neutral

Channels LU SP LU SP 12 Channels
LU SP SP ST SP ST KD LU SP SP ST LU SP ST LU SP Ll SP ST
(HT LU SP ST)

Common Funct ion: Tonify the Spleen and augment the Qi

Moderate & harmonize the
Tonify LU,SP Stabilize exterior, stop sweating Tonify M.J. & stop pain
characteristic of other herbs

• Strongly tonify • Used for • Tonify Qi and • Strengthen SP • a.k.a. SIAN • Tonify LU Qi • Nourish the • Soothe spasm • Used for • Moisten t he • a.k.a. JING
Yuan Qi Ext erior Wind Blood and dry Damp DOU and LU Yin Blood and and stop pain abdominal Intestine Ml
• Stop thirst & & Interior Qi • Raise Yang Qi • Calm fetus • Clear Summer • Tonify KD and calm Shen • Clear Toxic pain due to • Strengthen SP
Functions
generate fluids def iciency • Tonify Wei Qi (SP deficiency Heat also stabilize Heat deficient Cold transform
and
• Benefits HT Qi • Use 2-3x the • Promote urine type) • Treat food and bind • Used as an Damp
Indications
& calm Shen dosage of Ren • Discharge pus, poisoning antidote to • Stop thirst
• Miscellaneous Shen generate flesh toxins and generate
adjunctive • Used for (internally and fluids
effect pa ralysis, and topically) • Stop diarrhea
pa inful Bi • ZH I GAN CAO: and dysentery
warm
For Xiao Ke Strengthen SP, transform damp For Xiao Ke Moisten LU & stop cough
General C/C: pure excess syndrome

Contra lncom~atible Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra • none noted
......-y;;:;-def. heat • with Li Lu • def. Yin with • deficient Yin • intermittent • excess • excess damp • excess damp, • internal D-H • excessive damp
• excess heat or heat signs with heat signs fever and chills conditions • food stagnation nausea and • fullness in the • phlegm heat
without Qi def. • exterior • injured fluids • cold disorders especially when • patients with vomiting Middle Jiao with • fullness in the
• LV Yang rising exceSS Qi
1 there is fullness intestinal vomiting Middle Jiao with
Contras • hypertension stagnation, due to damp, parasites lncom ~atible • excessive damp vomiting
and Caution damp stagnation, or • damp phlegm • Da Ji, Hai Zao, • phlegm heat • loose stool
• overuse can obstruction, accumulation disorders Gan Sui, Yuan cough
Cautions
lead to HA etc. food stagnation Hua • childhood
l ncom~atible • skin lesions Antagonize nutritional
• with Li Lu either in early • Gan Sui Antagonize impairment
Antagonize stage or toxic • Yuan Zhi with food stag.
• Wu Ling Zhi heat
• abstain from
tea, turnip

regular : 3-9g
6-9g 9-15g 9-30g 3-12 dates l.S-9g
Dosage powder: 0.5-1g 6-15g 9-30g 15-60g 15-30g 3-9g
(up to 30g) (up to 30g) (60-240g alone) (10-30g) (15-30g)
emergency: 30g
dissolve in
Cooking cook separately strained ::1:
decoction m
:::a
1111
Ul
 Co)
U'l
N
23. BLOOD TONICS rmw~(.'i!. ~ 9f)
::z:
m

I~
SHU Dl HUANG DANG GUI BAI SHAO E JIAO GOU Ql Zl SANG SHEN LONG VAN ROU ::a
Dl

Rehmanniae Rx. Prep Angelicae Sinensis Rx. Paeoniae Rx. Alba Asini Corii Colla Lycii Fr. Mori Fr.
......
Longan Ari llus "'
············
TY tllil!!'~(~ J\1 rl) ~B(Et:;>J) 89(!!!l~) 'iJIIJ(Of iil) f,;J~c-T-('T!J I :X:f) ~tl!(2/~) .lll!~(§2!~)

Taste sweet sweet, acrid bitter, sour sweet sweet sweet sweet

Nature sl warm warm sl cold neutral neutral cold warm

Channels HT KD LV HT LV SP LV SP KD LV LU LV LU KD HT LV KD HT SP

Common Function : Tonify the Blood

Regulate t he menstruation

• a.k.a. SHU Dl
• Nourish Yin
Functions • Used for Xiao Ke syn.
and • Nourish Blood and
Indications tonify the Essence
• Activate and harmonize • a.k.a. (BAI) SHAO YAO • Nourish Blood and stop • Tonify LV and KD • Nourish the Yin and • Tonify HT and SP,
Blood and disperse Cold • Ca lm and curb LV Yang bleeding • Benefit the Essence and generate flui ds nourish Blood, and
• Moisten intestine and and alleviate pain • Nourish and moisten brighten the eyes • Moiste n intestine calm the spirit
moves stool • Preserve the Yin and the Yin (used for dry • Enrich the Yin and
• Reduce swelling, expel adjust the Nutritive and LU cough due to Yin moisten the LU
pus, and generate flesh Protective levels def. or consumption) • Mildly tonify KD Yang
• Treat cough (source text)
• PARTS
HEAD(tou): tonify
BODY(shen): toni > acti
TAIL(wei): activate

General C/ C : SP/ST deficiency or damp in the MJ

Caution Contra Caution Contra Contra Contra Contra

• SP/ST deficiency
• Qi/phlegm stagnation
Contras • overuse can lead to
and abdomina l distension
and loose stools (b/c
Cautions
it's very cloying)
• Yin deficiency with heat • cold def. diarrhea • exterior conditions • externa lly contracted • diarrhea due to SP • phlegm fire or damp in
• Yang deficient cold excess heat patterns deficiency the M iddle Jiao
Caution Caution • SP deficiency with
• diarrhea or cases of lncom(:1atible • SP/ST deficiency damp and loose stools
abdominal distension • with Lu Lu
due to dampness Counteract
Antagonize • Da Huang
• Shi Hu, Mang Xiao

Counteract
• Bie Jia, Xiao Ji

Dosage 9-30g 4.5-lSg 6-lSg 3-9g 6-12g 9-lSg 9-lSg

dissolve in
Cooking
strained decoction
 24. YANG TONICS
ROU CONG YIN YANG

\
LU RONG SUO YANG HU TAO REN XIAN MAO BA Jl TIAN BU GU ZHI VI ZHI REN GOU Jl GU SUI BU XU DUAN DU ZHONG TU Sl Zl
RONG HUO

Cervi Cornu Cistanches Cynomorii Jugland is Sm. Epimedii Hb. Curculiginis Morindae Rx. Psoraleae Fr. Alpiniae Fr. Cibotii Rz. Drynariae Rz. Dipsaci Rx. Eucommiae Cuscutae Sm.

RUi( ~~ l ~l'i ~("' §~ ) iii~ ( ±II2J' ) "li!l:IJU.:.(£5: e! l ;;¥-'f': ti(§2J'<!t) 1ill ~ (~2) E.tt:R ( I!f~~ ) Jili 'iit ij!i(.'i!~XI ) l'.if~ {.:. ( Q./XIel) ~ff("?~ ) ~~lili(~±ll.'i! ) liR IIIi ( ~8) Ui<I>( !F~) ~**'H'i': AfXf)

sw eet, salty bitter, sweet, sweet,

T sweet , sa lty sweet sweet acrid, sweet acrid acrid, sweet acrid, bitter acrid bitter, sweet bitter acrid, sweet
acrid sl acrid

N warm wa rm warm wa rm warm hot, toxic sl wa rm very warm warm warm warm sl warm warm neutra l

c KD LV L1 KD Ll KD LV KD Ll LU KD LV KD KD KD SP KD SP KD LV KD LV KD LV KD LV KD LV

Common Function: Tonify the KD Yang

• Regulate Warm SP/KD Yang & • Secure

moisten the intestine Expel W-C-D Bi, stop pain Tonify LV/ KD, strengt hen bones and sinews
Chong/Ren, stop diarrhea Essence
strengthen & reserve
Dai • Used in • Also for • a.k.a. HE • a.k.a. XIAN • Used for • Strengthen • Stabilize • Secure • Expel W-D • Promote • Activate • Aid in the the urine
• Tonify Du wom en for atrophy TAO REN LING PI infertility sinews and Essence urine and • Stabilize mending of Blood, stop smooth • Tonify
F augment cold womb disorder • Strengt hen • Ton ify the from either bones • Aid KD to retain the KD the sinews pain and f low of KD/LV,
& from def. from back/knee Yin/Yang, cold womb grasp Qi Essence and bones
Essence & generate Qi/Biood improve
I
Blood, and LV/KD def. • Warm LU increase ('=!' ) or cold • Also used • Control • Stimulates flesh (for • Recently vision
strengthen and help libido essence o) topically as salivation the growth trauma) used for • Benefit the
sinews and KD to a tincture of hair hyper- SP/KD and
bones grasp Qi for vitiligo (tincture) tension stop
• Tonify Qi diarrhea
and Blood used for t raumat ic injury
Dui-Yao for premature
Augment Blood & Essence
ovarian decline Calm the fetus

General C/ C: Yin deficiency with heat signs

Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Caution Antagonize Contra Contra
• deficient Yin • deficient Yin • del. KD Yin • phlegm fire • deficient Yin • deficient Yin • deficient Yin • deficient Yin • frequent • in patient • Yin del. • Lei Wan • deficient Yin • Yin del.
with heat with heat with heat hot cough with heat with heat with heat with heat or urination, with difficult • without with heat with heat or
• phlegm heat • diarrhea due • diarrhea due • deficient Yin • can damage • long term • damp-heat constipation vaginal urination or blood stasis constipation
in the LU to SP/ST to SP del. or with heat Yin & lead use is not • difficulty discharge heat due to Antagonize and scanty
c • blazing ST deficiency constipation • patient with to dizziness, urination Caution due to heat Yin del. • Xuan Shen dark urine
& fire due to watery stool vomiting, recommended • ST cold (Even though
c • warm the excess heat dry mouth, • toxic Antagonize deficiency Antagonize this is a
febrile thirst and reactions • Dan Shen due to its • Bai Jiang neutral)
diseases nosebleed such as harshness Cao
• blood heat • not to be tongue
ingested swelling Antagonize
over can occur • Gan Cao
prolonged
periods

1-2g(p) 9-lSg
D 9-21g 5-lSg 3-9g 3-9g 6-lSg 4.5-9g 3-9g 9-lSg 9-21g 9-18g 9-lSg 6-lSg
3-4.5g(d) 9-30g (alone)

c crush
::z:
m
::a
1:111
en
 :z:
m

I~
BAI HE TIAN MEN DONG MAl MEN DONG SHA SHEN SHI HU NU ZHEN Zl HEI ZHI MA GUI BAN BIE JIA ::a
Dl
en
Lilii Bulbus Asparagi Rx. Oph iopogonis Rx. Glehniae Rx. Dendrobii Hb. Ligustri Lucidi Fr. Sesami Sm. Nigrum Testudinis Plastru m Trionycis Carapax
...........................
TY 8-&l-(~~ ) :1<:r,~!CJ~~l ¥r,~!9.!i~~l iP'ii( Af~) :tiM(~'Q ) "fr;-)1{-f-(Oj~J::f ) ;'\lf.!U.t(~:XIDf) llf!X(:;>E!-) l\ll:'!fl(~~)

sweet, sweet,
Taste sweet, sl bitt er sweet, bitter sweet, sl bitter bitter, sweet sweet salty, sweet salty
sl bitter sl salty, bland

Nature sl cold very cold sl cold sl cold sl cold cool neutral cold sl cold

Channels HT LU KD LU HT LU ST LU ST KD ST KD LV KD LV Ll HT KD LV LV SP

Common Function : Tonify the Yin

LU Yin (Moisten and Clear LU for dry cough) Tonify LV & KD Yin

I I
ANCHOR YANG
HT Yin KD Yin ST Yin (generate fluids) For premature greying of hair
Ventral aspect Dorsal aspect

• Used for Lily Bulb • Moisten the • a.k.a. WEI RUI • Clear Heat from • a.k.a HU MA REN • Benefit KD and • Move Blood,
Functions DONG (Liliacease family)
disorder s .g.tt Exterior for • Clear Heat for Yin deficiency • Nourish Blood & strengthen bones promote menses
and Very Cold Sl Cold
(Golden Cabinet) dry/itchy skin deficient Heat • Improve vision extinguish Wind • Nourish Blood/ Yin • Dissipate nodules
Indications
• Tonify KD, • Moisten Intestine and stabilize (palpable masses)
• a.k.a. TIAN DONG • a.k.a. MAl DONG
augment Essence, • Also use to help Chong/Ren (for • Disperse clumping
• Nourish KD and
& brighten vision patient recover uterin bleed ing) (in children)
generate fluid
from severe • Nourish Blood
illness and to and tonify HT
Moisten Intestine increase lactation • Also used for
Clear HT, Clear HT, non-healing sores
Improve Vision
Calm Shen Eliminate irritability and ulcerations

General C/C: SP/ST def iciency, phlegm/damp in MJ, diarrhea

Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra

• cough due to • low appetite due • cold deficient • cough from W-C • def. without heat • Yang deficiency • diarrhea • pregnancy • pregnancy
W-C, or phlegm to SP/ST def. cold diarrhea • SP def. cold or excess heat • diarrhea due to (because it softens • low appetite and
• diarrhea due to • W-C cough • Patient with patterns SP deficiency masses, expels diarrhea due to
SP/ST def. congested fluids lncom(:latible • abdominal stasis, and aids SP deficiency
Contras
• with Li Lu distension, thick, birth) • exterior cond itions
and Antagonize greasy moss on • ST cold-damp have not been
Cautions • Kuan Dong Hua Antagonize tongue • Yang deficient fu lly resolved
• Fang Ji • early stage of diarrhea
Counteract warm-febrile Caution
• Ku Shen, Bai Mu disease Antagonize • impotence
Er Antagonize • Sha Shen, Ren
• Ba Dou Shen Antagonize
Counteract • Ming Fan
• Lei Wan

Dosage 9-30g 6-12g 6-lSg 9-lSg 6-12g 9-18g 9-30g 15-4Sg 9-30g

Cooking crush, cook 30 minutes longer

 26. ASTRINGENTS
SHAN HAl ROU

I~
JIN YING Zl FU PEN Zl QIAN SHI LIAN Zl WU WEI Zl BAI GUO WU MEl HE Zl CHI SHI ZHI CHUN PI FU XIAO M Al
ZHU YU PIAO XIAO DOUKOU
Corni Fr. Rosae Fr. Sepiae Endo. Rubi Fr. Euryales Sm. Nelumbinis Schisandrae Ginkgo Sm. Mume Fr. Chebulae Fr. Halloysitum Myristicae Ailanthi Cx. Tritici Fr.
lii~iiiJi~(t!*i'f l ~:t!H-(i5~Xf) ilUl!i!l(oHfL~) "1[1;-'f(l!\ll:'Xf) 3!W(~@l) li-T(e!Xf) Jil<f.-T-(.201 Xf) BoWd\!!ii!l) ~#ii(.2DH) iiiJ-T(JfXf) ~:OH!i(~~XI) ~ :i'iJI~(~~'T' ) ~$' (~lll ) i$'Hif(J¥~~~

sou r, sa lty, sweet, sweet, sweet, sweet, bitter, sour, bitter, sour, sweet, sour, bitter, sweet, sl
T sour sour, sweet acrid
astringent astringent astringent astringent astringent astringent astringent astringent astringent astringent salty
neutral,
N sl warm neut ral sl warm neutral neutral neutral warm warm neutral warm warm cold cool
sl toxic
c KD LV UB KD Ll KD LV ST KD LV SP KD HT KD SP HT KD LU KD LU Ll LV LU SP LU Ll ST SP ST Ll Ll SP ST Ll ST HT

Common Function: Stabilize and Bind

Ll Contain leakage of LU Qi and stop cough HT

Stabilize KD and contain essence Bind up Ll and stop diarrhea

Generate Generate
Tonify SP, stop diarrhea
• St abilize • Bind up • a.k.a. WU • Restrain fluid fluid
menses & intestine ZHEI GU urine (for
stop and stop • Stop enuresis & • Expel • Nourish HT • Stop • a.k.a. YIN • Expel • Improve • Contains • Warm MJ, • a.k.a CHUN • Inhibit
F bleeding diarrhea bleeding & frequent Damp and diarrhea XING roundworm condition Blood and move Qi, GEN PI sweating
& • Stop vaginal urination) stop • Inhibit • Eliminate stop pain of throat stop and stop • Clear Heat, from Qi or
I
excessive discharge • Assist Yang discharge sweat Damp and • Stop bleed ing pain dry Damp Yin def.
sweating • Neutralize & improve • Recently stop bleeding • Promote • Kill
(collapsed) ST acid vision used to discharge • Treat corns healing of pa rasites XIAO MAl
• Tonify • Resolve improve and warts wounds • Nourish HT
LV/KD Damp and hepatit is (topically) and calm
promote conditions Shen
healing
(topically)
Calm HT Shen
General C/C: exterior condition and excess condition

Contra Contra Caution Contra Caution Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra Contra
• painful and • excess • extended use • difficult • difficulty in • abdominal • exterior • excess • internal heat • exterior • hot diarrhea • hot diarrhea • SP/ ST del. • sweating due
difficult pathogenic can lead to urination either distension or condition conditions excess and patterns or the early • hot cold to exterior
urination influences constipation urinating or constipation • interior stagnation • internal stages of dysentery • KD Yin pathogen
• damp-heat esp. heat Caution defecating excess heat Caution • unresolved damp-heat dysentery like disorders deficiency
c patterns Antagonize • deficient Yin • early stages • viscous exterior like disorders
& Antagonize • overdose or • Fu Zi, Bai Ji patterns with of cough or sputum that disorders Caution • excess
c • Jie Geng, long term heat signs rashes is difficult to • SP del. may damp-heat
Fang Feng, use may expectorate inhibit Caution
Fang Ji cause Caution digestive • pregnancy
abdominal • may cause • should not function Antagonize
pain or heart burn be over used • Da Huang
constipation (sl toxic) Counteract
• Yuan Hua,
Huang Qin
6-12g, 30g
D 6-12g 6-12g 6-12g 9-lSg 6-lSg 3-6g 4.5-9g 6-12g 3-9g 9-18g 3-9g 6-9g 15-30g
(alone)
remove husk,
c crush seed

w
c.n
c.n
:z:
CD
;.
n
:::r
AI HERB
::1. ANCHOR AND CALM SHEN NOURISH HT AND CALM SHEN
Ill

LONG GU MU ll Cl SHI ZHEN ZHU SUAN ZAO REN BAI Zl REN YUAN ZHI VE JIAO TENG

Fossilia Ossis Mastodi Ostreae Concha Magnetitum Margarita Ziziph i Spinosae Sm. Platycladi Sm. Polygalae Rx. Polygoni Multiflori
..................................... ··················································

PROPERTY ·!~ ( ~ ~) t.Ul(2 2.j ) litHi ( Xf~ ) It* W'?l ~lBIH.: (t! 3':: £! l f8-T-t:(~ XI £!) it~(~ XI) ~'ll:J!i( Oflll § )

Taste sweet, astringent salty, astringent acrid, salty sweet, salty sweet, sour sweet bitter, acrid sweet

Nature neutra l cool cold cold neutral neutral sl warm neutral

Channels HT LV KD LV KD KD LV HT LV GB HT LV SP HT KD Ll HT LU HT LU

Common Function: Settle, Calm the spirit Common Function: Nourish HT, Calm the spirit

Calm LV Yang Sedate HT

Functions • Used for chronic • Soften hardness and • Tonify KD/LV • Clear LV and • Nourish LV Blood • Moisten Intestine • Expel Phlegm and • a. k.a. SHOU WU
and non-healing sores dissipate nodules (impaired hearing el iminate superficia l • Astri nge sweating and move stools open orifices (HT) TENG
Indications and ulcerat ions • Absorb ST acidity and vision) visua l obst ructions • Used for Yin • Expel Phlegm and • Nourish Blood and
(topically) and stop pa in • Aid the KD in • Promote healing and defi cient night stop cough (LU ) unblock chan nels
grasping Qi generate flesh sweats • Reduces abscesses • Alleviate itching
(topically) and dissipate (external wash )
Prevent leakage of fluids swelling
(Duan ®: Calcined)

General C/C: SP/ST deficiency

Contra Contra Caution Caution Caution Cont ra Contra • none noted

• damp-heat • high fever due to • weak SP/ST • during pregnancy • severe diarrhea or • loose stool • deficient Yin with
• externa lly contracted excess without excess heat • ph legm disorder heat
Contras
excess condition sweating Antagonize
and • Mu Dan Pi Antagonize Ca ut ion
Cautions Counteract • Ju Hua • with ulcers and
• Shi Gao gastritis
• should not be mixed
wit h fish Cou nteracts
• Zhen Zhu, Li Lu

Dosage 15-30g 9-30g 15-30g 0.3-lg 9-15g 3-9g 6-15g 15-30g

Cooking crush, cook 20-30 minutes longer used in pill or

crush
powder form
 29. ORIFICE OPENING AROMATICS 7HHH!ilz'!.l I 30. EXTINGUISH LV WIND "F.!f.e.Js\Jl! I 31. EXPEL PARASITES !liilm I 32. EXTERNAL USE ?i-mm

HERB EXPEL
OPEN ORIFICE EXTINGUISH WIND EXTERNAL USE
PARASITES

NIU HUANG TIAN MA GOU TENG SHI JUE MING BAI Jl Ll DAI ZHE SHI Dl LONG BING LANG SHE CHUANG Zl
Bevis Calculus Gastrodiae Rz. Uncariae Rm. Haliotidis Concha Tribu li Fr. Haematitum Pheretima Arecae Sm. Cnidii Fr.
PROPERTY 'f-}f(Sf'!/) 7i:i'.i(C! Of) jf;J;!i('11§) :ti 5~1l!l(~~~) a~~(!!lj@!2.1) ii:M:ti(QIXf ~) ii!!Bl(XI8) ~l!lHI:'.!Ei) tt'*T-(Af 2/Xf)

Taste bitter sweet sweet salty acrid, bitter bitter salty acrid, bitter acrid, bitter

Nature cool neutral sl cold cold neutral cold cold warm warm, sl toxic

Channels HT LV LV PC LV KD LV LV LV PC HT UB LV LU SP Ll ST KD

Calm LV and Extinguish W ind Clear Heat and

Control Spasms and Tremors Anchor LV Yang, Clear LV Heat Unblock channels
• Clear HT, open • Kill wide variety • Dry Damp & ki ll
the orifices, of intestinal parasites and
awaken Spirit and • A very important • Drain LV Heat • Drain LV Fire • a.k.a. Cl Jl Ll • Strongly direct • Drain Heat and parasites (esp. stop itching
expel Phlegm herb for internal and pacify LV • Improve eyes and • Soothe LV Qi rebel ST/LU Qi stop spasm and tapeworm) (topically)
• Clear LV, relieve LV Wind whether Yang cause superficial • Disperse W-H and downward convulsions • Move Qi in the • Expel W-C-D for
Functions
Toxicity, caused by Heat • Release Exterior visual obstruction brighten the eyes • Cool Blood and • Clear Heat and intestines (used Bi syndrome
and
extinguish Wind, or Cold to recede • Dispel Wind and stop bleeding unblock channels for distention, • Warm KD Yang
Indications
and stop tremor • Extinguish Wind • Recently used for stop itching and collaterals constipation, (internally)
• Drain Heat and and alleviate pain increased gastric • Calm wheezing tenesmus)
relieve Toxicity • Used for Bi syn. acidity & topically • Clear Heat and • Move Qi and
for trauma promote urination promote urination
• Recently used for • Used for malarial
hypertension disorders
Brighten Eyes

Contra General C/C: SP deficient cold (for cold herbs) I Blood&Yin deficiency (for warm herbs)
• pregnancy
• must have excess
heat
• deficient SP/ST • none noted Caution Counteract Caution Caution Contra Caution Contra
Contras patterns • absence of W-H • Xuan Fu Hua • pregnancy • pregnancy • weak SP/ ST • collapse of the • damp-heat in U
or excess heat • Qi/Biood def. middle Qi • Yin deficient heat
and
Antagonize Counteract Caution
Cautions • Long Gu, Sheng • Fu Zi • without heat Antagonize
Di, Long Dan from excess • Mu Dan Pi, Ba
Cao, Chang Shan Dou, Bei Mu

Counteract
• Niu Xi

0.2-0.Sg 9-30g (decoction)

Dosage 3-9g 6-lSg 15-30g 6-lSg 4.5-lSg 6-lSg 3-9g
(pill or powder) 1-3g (powder)

Don't cook more crush, cook 60 crush, cook 20-30

Cooking
than 20 minutes minutes longer minutes longer
:z:
CD
a-
n
::r
Ill
:l
Ill
 HERB
UNACCEPTABLE TOXICITY ENDANGERED SPECIES

ZHU SHA MA DOU LING GUAN MU TONG GUANG FANG Jl CHUAN SHAN JIA
Cinnabaris Aristolochiae Fr. Aristolochiae manshuriensis Caul is Aristolochiae fangchi Rx. Manit is Squama
PROPERTY ................ ·······•·········· ....... .............. .. ····· ............... .......... ······· . .. ...............

*M> ( ~AI) .~ ~r,; ( OI'F- ~ 1 ~M * ~~ ~ ~ ~~ IJHJJ B( tg~JI) ~0.J'fl (~C! i1J)

Taste sweet bitter, sl acrid bitter acrid, bitter salty

Nature cool, toxic cold cold cold cool

Channels HT LU Ll UB HT 51 UB LU LV ST

ARISTOLOCHIAE: In many countries, drugs containing "Aristolochic Acid" are banned,

CINNABAR: primary ore of mercury
primarily due to their Nephrotoxicity; import is prohibited.

• Settle HT, calm the Spirit • Clear LU, transform Phlegm, stop • Clear HT Fire and promote • Expel Wind-Damp and clear Heat • Disperse Blood stasis, unblocks
• Expel Phlegm and sedate coughing, and calm wheezing urination (for Bi syndrome) menstruation, & promote lactation
jitteriness and convulsions • Used for bleeding hemorrhoid • Unblock the menses and promote • Promote urination and reduce • Reduce swelling and promote
Functions • Clear Heat, relieve Toxicity and lactation edema discharge of pus
and prevent putrefaction (topically) • Expel Wind-Damp from its
Indications Com11arision Comj:!arision channels
• Toxic: Guan Mu Tong • Han Fang Ji (Stephaniae
(Aristolochiae manshuriensis Caulis) tetrandrae Radix)=} Drain Damp
• Non-Toxic: • Guang Fang Ji (Aristolochiae
•Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis) fangch i Radix)=} Expel Wind-Damp
•Chuan Mu Tong (Ciematidis
armandii Caulis)

Contra Contra Contra Caution Contra

• should not be used in Ia rge • diarrhea due to SP deficiency • lack of damp-heat • Yin deficiency • pregnancy
Contras amount or long term • cough/wheezing due to deficient
and • Do not heat to prevent mercury cold Caution Caution
poisoning (restlessness, metallic • can cause nausea/vomiting if the • pregnancy • deficient cond ition
Cautions taste, profuse sa livation, swollen dosage is too large • sores that have already ulcerated
gum, nausea, tremor, impaired
sexual function, albuminuria, etc.)

3-9g (decoction)
Dosage 0.1-l.Sg (pill or powder) 3-9g 3-6g 4.5-9g
1-l.Sg (pill or powder)

chased with a
Cooking
strai ned, cooled decoction
 HERBS 359

SPECIAL CATEGORIES

INDEX

CATEGORY PAGE

TASTE 360

NATURE TEMPERATURE 364

CHANNEL 366

HERBS FOR ZANGFU DIFFERENTIATION 368

PROCESSING 369

SEVEN COMBINING EFFECTS 369

HIERARCHY IN FORMULA 371

PREPARATION 371

COOKING 371

DOSAGE 372

CAUTION & CONTRAINDICATION 373

HERB CATEGORY BY SECONDARY ACTIONS 374

Special Categories
360 HERBS

NATURE ttl!:f.fHI({gDI'J'l~l

2ND EDITION OF MATERIA MEDICA

TASTE

TASTE FUNCTIONS HERB EXAMPLES

Sweet tt(m gan tonify, harmonize, and moisten Gan Cao, Da Zao
Acrid $(t!) xin disperse and move Gui Zhi, Bo He
Bitter 'IS(:il) ku drain and dry Huang Qin, Long Dan Cao
Sour M'(C!) suan astringent and prevent leakage of fluids & energy Wu Mei, Wu Wei Zi
Salty lilt(E,') xi an purge and soften Mang Xiao, Xuan Shen
Bland ;~ ( IS" ) dan drain damp & promote urination Fu Ling, Zhu Ling

(1) SWEET

1. Bai Bian Dou 2. Bai Mao Gen 3. Bai Zi Ren 4. Che Qian Zi
5. Da Zao 6. Dang Shen 7. Di Gu Pi 8. Dong Gua Ren
9. Dong Kui Zi 10. E Jiao 11. Feng Mi 12. Gan Cao
13. Gou Qi Zi 14. Gou Teng 15. Gu Ya 16. Gua Lou
17. Gua Lou Pi 18. Gua Lou Ren 19. Hei Zhi Ma 20. Hu Tao Ren
21. Huang Qi 22. Ji Nei Jin 23. Jin Yin Hua 24. Jing Mi
25. Long Van Rou 26. Lu Gen 27. Mai Ya 28. Sang Bai Pi
29. Sang Shen 30. Sha Shen 31. Shan Yao 32. Shu Di Huang
33. Suo Yang 34. Tian Ma 35. Yi Tang 36. Zhi Gan Cao
37. Zhu Ru 38. Zhu Sha 39. Zi Cao

(2) SWEET + BITTER

1. Bai Bu 2. Chuan Niu Xi 3. Di Fu Zi 4. Ju Hua
5. Mu Zei 6. Sang Ye 7. Sheng Di Huang 8. Tian M en Dong

(3) BITTER + SWEET

1. Bai Ji 2. Bai Zhu 3. Chuan Bei Mu 4. Gou Ji I

5. Jue Ming Zi 6. Niu Huang 7. Niu Zhen Zi 8. Pu Gong Ying I
9. Sang Zhi 10. Shi Wei 11. Tao Ren

(4) SWEET + BITTER + ASTRINGENT

l 1. Bai Guo

(5) SWEET + BLAND

1. Bei Sha Shen 2. Dan Zhu Ye 3. Deng Xin Cao 4 . Fu Ling

5. Fu Ling Pi 6. Fu Shen 7. Hua Shi 8. Tu Fu Ling I
9. Yi Yi Ren 10. Ze Xie 11. Zhu Ling

(6) SWEET + SLY BITTER

1. Bai He 2. Cang Er Zi (toxic) 3. Dan Dou Chi 4. Mai Men Dong
5. Nan Sha Shen 6. Ren Shen 7. San Qi 8. Ye Jiao Teng

(7) SWEET + SLY ACRID

11. Du Zhong

Nature I Taste
 HERBS 361

{8) SWEET + SLY SALTY + BLAND

11. Shi Hu

(9) SWEET + SOUR

l1. Suan Zao Ren

{10) SOUR + SWEET

l1. Shan Zha

{11) SWEET + SOUR + ASTRINGENT

11. Chi Shi Zhi

(12) SWEET + ASTRINGENT

11. Fu Pen Zi 12. Lian Zi 13. long Gu 14. Qian Shi

{13) SWEET + ACRID

1. Ge Gen 2. Pu Huang 3. Shen Qu 4. Sheng Ma
5. Shi Gao

{14) ACRID + SWEET

1. Ba Ji Tian 2. Bai Qian 3. Fang Feng 4. Gui Zhi
5. lai Fu Zi 6. Rou Gui 7. Tu Si Zi 8. Yin Yang Huo

(15) SWEET + ACRID + BITTER

11. Dang Gui

{16) SWEET + SALTY

1. Bai Hua She (toxic} 2. Chan Tui 3. Fu Xiao Mai 4. lu Rong
5. Rou Cong Rong 6. Zhen Zhu

{17) SALTY + SWEET

l1. Gui Ban

{18) BITTER

1. Ban lan Gen 2. Bi Xie 3. Bian Xu 4. Chuan Lian Zi (sl toxic}

5. Da Huang 6. Dai Zhe Shi 7. Dan Shen 8. Gu Sui Bu
9. Huai Hua Mi 10. Huang Bai 11. Huang Lian 12. Huang Qin
13. Ku Shen 14. long Dan Cao 15. lu Hui 16. Mo Yao
17. Mu Tong 18. Pi Pa Ye 19. Qian Cao Gen 20. Qing Hao
21. Qu Mai 22. Sang Ji Sheng 23. Shan Dou Gen 24. She Gan
25. Wang Bu Liu Xing 26. Xi Xian Cao 27. Xing Ren (sl toxic) 28. Zhe Bei Mu
29. Zhi Ke 30. Zhi Mu 31. Zhi Zi 32. Zi Wan

(19) BITTER + SLY SWEET

l1. He Ye 12. Tian Hua Fen

{20) BITTER + SLY ACRID

11. Lian Qiao 12. Ma Dou Ling

Nature I Taste
362 HERBS

(21) BITTER + SOUR

l1. Bai Shao 12. Di Yu 13. Huai Niu Xi

(22) SOUR + BITTER

l1. Chi Shao

(23) BITTER + SOUR + ASTRINGENT

11. He Zi

(24) BITTER + ASTRINGENT

11. Ce Bai Ye 12. Chun Pi

(25) BITTER + ACRID

1. Ai Ye 2. Chai Hu 3. Du Huo 4. E Zhu

5. Hai Tong Pi 6. Han Fang Ji 7. Hou Po {aromatic) 8. Jie Geng
9. Man Jing Zi 10. Qian Hu 11. Qin Jiao 12. Qing Pi
13. San Leng 14. Tian Nan Xing {toxic) 15. Xia Ku Cao 16. Xian He Cao
17. Xu Duan 18. Xuan Fu Hua 19. Yin Chen Hao 20. Yuan Zhi
21. Ze Lan {aromatic) 22. Zhi Shi

(26) ACRID + BITTER

1. Bai Ji Li 2. Bai Jiang Cao 3. Bing Lang 4. Bu Gu Zhi

5. Cang Zhu {aromatic) 6. Cao Wu {very toxic) 7. Chen Pi {aromatic) 8. Chen Xiang {aromatic)
9. Chuan Wu {very toxic) 10. Ju Hong {aromatic) 11. Mu Dan Pi 12. Mu Xiang
13. Niu Bang Zi 14. Qiang Huo 15. Ru Xiang 16. She Chuang Zi
17. Wu Jia Pi 18. Wu Zhu Yu {sl toxic) 19. Van Hu Suo 20. Yi Mu Cao
21. Yu Jin

(27) BITTER + SALTY

l1. Bai Wei 12. Hai Zao

{28) SOUR
l1. Mu Gua 12. Shan Zhu Yu 13. Wu Mei 14. Wu Zhu Yu

{29) SOUR + ASTRINGENT

l1. Jin Ying Zi

(30) ACRID

1. Bai Dou Kou {aromatic) 2. Bai Jie Zi 3. Bai Zhi 4. Ban Xia {toxic)
5. Bi Ba 6. Bo He {aromatic) 7. Cao Dou Kou {aromatic) 8. Cao Guo
9. Chuan Jiao {sl toxic) 10. Chuan Xiong 11. Da Fu Pi 12. Ding Xiang
13. Fu Zi {toxic) 14. Gan Jiang 15. Gao Ben 16. Gao Liang Jiang
17. Hong Hua 18. Hu Jiao 19. Huo Xiang 20. Jing Jie {aromatic)
21. Kuan Dong Hua 22. Rou Dou Kou 23. Sha Ren {aromatic) 24. Sheng Jiang
25. Sheng Jiang Pi 26. Su Zi 27. Tan Xiang {aromatic) 28. Wu Yao
29. Xi Xin 30. Xian Mao {toxic) 31. Xiang Ru {aromatic) 32. Xiao Hui Xiang
33. Xin Yi Hua 34. Yi Zhi Ren 35. Zi Su Ye {aromatic)

Nature I Taste
 HERBS 363

(31) ACRID + BITTER + SALTY

11. Mang Xiao

(32) ACRID + SLY BITTER

l 1. Ma Huang

(33) ACRID + SLY BITTER + SLY SWEET

l 1. Xiang Fu

(34) ACRID + SALTY

11. Wei Ling Xian 12. Ci Shi

(35) SALTY
1. Bie Jia 2. Chuan Shan Jia 3. Di Long 4. Shi Jue Ming
5. Shui Niu Jiao

(36) SALTY + SWEET + BITTER

l 1. Xuan Shen

(37) SALTV + ASTRINGENT

11. Hai Piao Xiao 12. Mu Li

SALTV HERBS ANALYSIS

From Animal I Insect From Ocean Neither from Animal nor Ocean
1. Bai Hua She 1. Hai Piao Xiao 1. Bai W ei
2. Bie Jia 2. Hai Zao 2. Ci Shi
3. Chan Tui 3. M ang Xiao 3. Fu Xiao M ai
4. Chuan Shan Jia 4. Mu Li 4. Rou Cong Rang
5. Di Long 5. Zhen Zhu 5. Xuan Shen
6. Gui Ban
7. Lu Rang
8. Shui Niu Jiao

SPECIAL PROPERTIES AROMATIC & TOXIC

TOXIC HERBS
AROMATIC
SLY TOXIC TOXIC VERY TOXIC

1. Bai Dou Kou 1. Bai Guo 1. Bai Hua She 1. Cao W u

2. Bo He 2. Chuan Jiao 2. Ban Xia 2. Chuan W u
3. Cang Zhu 3. Chuan Lian Zi 3. Ca ng Er Zi
4. Cao Dou Kou 4 . Wu Zhu Yu 4. Da Ji
5. Chen Pi 5. Xing Ren 5. Fu Zi
6. Chen Xiang 6. Tian Nan Xing
7. Hou Po 7. Xian M ao
8. Jing Jie 8. Zhu Sha
9. Qiang Huo
10. Sha Ren
11. Xi ang Ru
12. Ze Lan
13. Zi Su Ye

Nature I Taste
364 HERBS

TEMPERATURE

<
m V> <
;;o r-
-< z "'
r- "'r--< m
;;o
-< :E m
c: -< n n -<
I
0 c :E c )>
;;o c :E c -1 c n
0
c 0
0 c n
0
c 0
r- c n
s ~
-I )> r- 0
)> ;;o 0 r- 0
;;o r-
s s r- r- 0 0

(1) HOT

1. Bi Ba 2. Chuan Jiao 3. Fu Zi 4. Gan Jiang

5. Gao Liang Jiang 6. Hu Jiao 7. Rou Gui 8. Wu Zhu Yu
9. Xian Mao

(2) VERY WARM

1. Bu Gu Zhi

(3) WARM

1. Ai Ye 2. Ba Ji Tian 3. Bai Dou Kou 4. Bai Hua She

5. Bai Ji Li 6. Bai Jie Zi 7. Bai Zhi 8. Bai Zhu
9. Ban Xia 10. Bing Lang 11. Cang Er Zi 12. Cang Zhu
13. Cao Dou Kou 14. Cao Guo 15. Chen Pi 16. Chen Xiang
17. Chi Shi Zhi 18. Chuan Wu 19. Chuan Xiong 20. Dang Gui
21. Ding Xiang 22. Du Huo 23. Du Zhong 24. E Zhu
25. Gao Ben 26. Gou Ji 27. Gu Sui Bu 28. Gui Zhi
29. Hong Hua 30. Hou Po 31. Hu Tao Ren 32. Ju Hong
33. Kuan Dong Hua 34. Long Van Rou 35. Lu Rong 36. Ma Huang
37. Mu Xiang 38. Qiang Huo 39. Qing Pi 40. Rou Cong Rong
41. Rou Dou Kou 42. Ru Xiang 43. San Qi 44. Sha Ren
45. She Chuang Zi 46. Shen Qu 47. Sheng Jiang 48. Su Zi
49. Suo Yang 50. Tan Xiang 51. Tian Nan Xing 52. Wei Ling Xian
53. Wu Jia Pi 54. Wu Mei 55. Wu Wei Zi 56. Wu Yao
57. Xi Xin 58. Xiao Hui Xiang 59. Xin Vi Hua 60. Van Hu Suo
61. Vi Zhi Ren 62. Yin Yang Huo 63. Zhi Gan Cao 64. Zi Su Ye

(4) SLY WARM

1. Bai Bu 2. Bai Qian 3. Da Fu Pi 4. Fang Feng

5. Fu Pen Zi 6. Hai Piao Xiao 7. Huang Qi 8. Huo Xiang
9. Jing Jie 10. Mu Gua 11. Ren Shen 12. Shan Zha
13. Shan Zhu Yu 14. Shu Di Huang 15. Xiang Ru 16. Xing Ren
17. Xu Duan 18. Xuan Fu Hua 19. Vi Tang 20. Yuan Zhi
21. Ze Lan 22. Zi Wan

(5) NEUTRAL

1. Bai Bian Dou 2. Bai Guo 3. Bai Zi Ren 4. Bi Xie

5. Chuan Niu Xi 6. Dang Shen 7. E Jiao 8. Feng Mi
9. Fu Ling 10. Gan Cao 11. Gou Qi Zi 12. Gu Ya
13. Hai Tong Pi 14. He Ye 15. He Zi 16. Hei Zhi Ma

Nature I Temperature
 HERBS 365

17. Huai Niu Xi 18. Ji Nei Jin 19. Jie Geng 20. Jin Ying Zi
21. Jing Mi 22. Lai Fu Zi 23. Long Gu 24. Mai Ya
25. Mo Yao 26. Mu Zei 27. Nu Zhen Zi 28. Pu Huang
29. San Leng 30. Sang Ji Sheng 31. Shan Yao 32. Suan Zao Ren
33. Tao Ren 34. Tian Ma 35. Tu Fu Ling 36. Tu Si Zi
37. Wang Bu Liu Xing 38. Xian He Cao 39. Xiang Ru 40. Ye Jiao Teng

(6) SLY COOL

1. Zhu Ling

(7) COOL

1. Bai Ji 2. Bai Shao 3. Bo He 4. Chai hu

5. Chuan Shan Zha 6. Fu Xiao Mai 7. Ge Gen 8. Gou Teng
9. Huai Hua Mi 10. Jue Ming Zi 11. Lian Qiao 12. Man Jing Zi
13. Mu Dan Pi 14. Mu Li 15. Mu Tong 16. Niu Huang
17. Pi Pa Ye 18. Sha Shen 19. Sheng Jiang Pi 20. Sheng Ma
21. Yin Chen Hao 22. Yu Jin 23. Zhi Ke 24. Zhu Sha

(8) SLY COLD

1. Bai He 2. Bai Jiang Cao 3. Bian Xu 4. Bie Jia

5. Ce Bai Ye 6. Chan Tui 7. Chi Shao 8. Chuan Bei Mu
9. Dan Shen 10. Deng Xin Cao 11. Di Yu 12. Ju Hua
13. Mai Men Dong 14. Qian Hu 15. Qin Jiao 16. Sang Zhi
17. Shi Wei 18. Vi Mu Cao 19. Vi Vi Ren 20. Zhi Shi
21. Zhu Ru

(9) COLD

1. Bai Mao Gen 2. Bai Wei 3. Ban Lan Gen 4. Che Qian Zi
5. Chuan Lian Zi 6. Chun Pi 7. Ci Shi 8. Da Huang
9. Da Ji 10. Dai Zhe Shi 11. Dan Dou Chi (or warm) 12. Dan Zhu Ye
13. Di Fu Zi 14. Di Gu Pi 15. Di Long 16. Dong Gua Ren
17. Dong Kui Zi 18. Gua Lou Pi 19. Gua Lou Ren 20. Gui Ban
21. Hai Zao 22. Han Fang Ji 23. Hua Shi 24. Huang Bai
25. Huang Lian 26. Huang Qin 27. Jin Yin Hua 28. Ku Shen
29. Long Dan Cao 30. Lu Gen 31. Lu Hui 32. Ma Dou Ling
33. Niu Bang Zi 34. Pu Gong Ying 35. Qian Cao Gen 36. Qing Hao
37. Qu Mai 38. Sang Bai Pi 39. Sang Shen 40. Sang Ye
41. Shan Dou Gen 42. She Gan 43. Sheng Di Huang 44. Shi Hu
45. Shi Jue Ming 46. Shui Niu Jiao 47. Tian Hua Fen 48. Xi Xian Cao
49. Xia Ku Cao 50. Xuan Shen 51. Ze Xie 52. Zhe Bei Mu
53. Zhen Zhu 54. Zhi Mu 55. Zhi Zi 56. Zi Cao

(10) VERY COLD

l1. Mang Xiao 12. Shi Gao 13. Tian Men Dong

Nature I Temperature
366 HERBS

CHANNELS

LV & GB
LV Sang Zhi Tian Ma Xiang Fu (SJ)
LV GB PC Chai Hu (SJ) Chuan Xiong
Ce Bai Ye (LI) Da Huang (LI ST) Dai Zhe Shi (PC) Dan Shen (PC)
Gou Teng Hong Hua Huang Lian {LI ST) Lian Qiao (GB)
LV HT Niu Huang Qian Cao Gen Shui Niu Jiao (ST) Tao Ren {LI LU)
Van Hu Suo (LU ST) Ye Jiao Teng Zhen Zhu Zhi Zi (LU ST SJ)
Zi Cao
Cao Wu Chuan Wu Dang Gui He Ye
LV HT SP
Mo Yao Pu Huang Ru Xiang Suan Zao Ren (GB)
Bai Hua She Bai Shao Bie Jia Chi Shao
Di Long (LU UB) E Zhu Mai Ya (ST) Mu Gua
LV SP
San Leng Shan Zha (ST) Wu Ling Zhi Wu Mei (LU Ll)
Yin Chen Hao (ST GB) Ze Lan
Ai Ye (SP) Ba Ji Tian Chuan Niu Xi Ci Shi
Du Zhong E Jiao (LU) Fu Pen Zi Gou Ji
Gou Qi Zi (LU) Gu Sui Bu Hai Piao Xiao (ST) Hai Tong Pi (SP)
Hai Zao (LU ST) Hei Zhi Ma Huai Niu Xi Jue Ming Zi (LI)
LV KD Lu Rong Mu Dan Pi (HT) Mu Li Nu Zhen Zi
Qing Hao (GB) Rou Gui (HT SP) Sang Ji Sheng Sang Shen (HT)
Shan Zhu Yu Shi Jue Ming Shu Di Huang (HT) Suo Yang {LI)
Tu Si Zi Wu Jia Pi Wu Zhu Yu (SP ST) Xi Xian Cao
Xian Mao Xiao Hui Xiang (SP ST) Xu Duan Yin Yang Huo
LV GB Long Dan Cao (ST) Qin Jiao (ST) Qing Pi (ST) Xia Ku Cao
Bai Jiang Cao (LI) Chuan Shan Jia Lu Hui (LI) Pu Gong Ying
LV ST
San Qi (LI) Tu Fu Ling W ang Bu Liu Xing
LV ll Di Yu (ST) Huai Hua Mi
GB ll Huang Qin (LU ST) Mu Xiang (SP ST)

HT & 51
HT Fu Xiao Mai Zha Sha
HT SP Fu Zi (KD) Long Van Rou Xiao Hui Xiang
HT ST Dan Zhu Ye (51)
Bai Zi Ren {LI SP) Gui Ban (LV) Lian Zi (SP) Long Gu (LV)
HT KD
Sheng Di (LV) Wu Wei Zi (LU)
Bai He Ban Lan Gen (ST) Chuan Bei Mu Deng Xin Cao (51)
HT LU
Mai Men Dong (ST) Yuan Zhi Zhe Bei Mu
HT LU SP ST Gan Cao (12 ch.) Gan Jiang Zhi Gan Cao (12ch.)

SP & ST
Bai Bian Dou Bai Zhu Cang Zhu Cao Dou Kou
Cao Guo Chi Shi Zhi (LI) Da Fu Pi (LI Sl) Da Zao
SP ST Gao Liang Jiang Ge Gen Ji Nei Jin (UB Sl) Jing M i
Rou Dou Kou (LI) Sha Ren Shen Qu Zhi Ke
Zhi Shi (LI)

Nature I Channels
 HERBS 367

LU & Ll

1. Sang Zhi 1. Fu Xiao Mai 1. She Gan 1. She Chuang Zi 1. Gao Ben
2. Tian Ma 2. Zhu Sha 2. Cang Er Zi 2. She Gan
3. Qian Hu 3. Bian Xu
4. Bai Qian 4. Di Fu Zi
5. Bai Jie Zi 5. Wei Ling Xian
6. Jie Geng
7. Zi Wan
8. Kuan Dong Hua
9. Bai Bu

Nature I Channels
368 HERBS

HERBS FOR ZANGFU DIFFERENTIATION

DIFFERENTIATION HERBS
HT Ql DEFICIENCY Ren Shen, Huang Qi, Zhi Gan Cao, Dang Shen, Fu ling, long Van Rou, Xi Yang Shen

HT YANG DEFICIENCY Zhi Fu Zi, Gan Jiang, Rou Gui, Gui Zhi, Xie Bai

HT BLOOD DEFICIENCY Dang Gui, Dan Shen, Shu Di Huang, Bai Shao, E Jiao, Sang Shen

HT YIN DEFICIENCY Yu Zhu, Mai Men Dong, Suan Zao Ren, Shen Di Huang, Bai He, Bai Zi Ren
HT
PHLEGM VEILING HT Yu Jin, Yuan Zhi, Bing Pian, Zhu li, Shi Chang Pu, Niu Huang, Su He Xiang, She Xiang

Huang lian, Mu Tong, Da Huang, lian Qiao, Zhi Zi, Mai Men Dong, Dan Zhu Ye, Xi Jiao,
HT FIRE
Deng Xin Cao, Lian Xin, Niu Huang

Suan Zao Ren, Ye Jiao Teng, Zhen Zhu Mu, Ci Shi, Bai Zi Ren, Hu Po, Zhu Sha, Zi Shi Ying,
HT SPIRIT DISTURBANCE
Long Chi
Dang Gui, Gou Qi Zi, Nu Zhen Zi, Shu Di Huang, Bai Shao, E Jiao, He Shou Wu, Han Lian
LV BLOOD DEFICIENCY
Cao, Sang Shen
Chai Hu, Qing Pi, Yu Jin, Bai Ji li, Xiang Fu, Chuan lian Zi, Lu Lu Tong, Fo Shou, Li Zhi He,
LV Ql STAGNATION
Mei Gui Hua

COLD IN LV CHANNEL Rou Gui, Xiao Hui Xiang, Wu Yao, Wu Zhu Yu, Li Zhi He

Sheng Di Huang, Nu Zhen Zi, Gou Qi Zi, Hei Zhi Ma, Bie Jia, Shan Zhu Yu, Sang Ji Sheng,
LV YIN DEFICIENCY
Gui Ban, Han Lian Cao
LV
Sang Ye, Jue Ming Zi, long Dan Cao, Huang lian, Ju Hua, Xia Ku Cao, Zhi Zi, Qing Dai, Qing
LV FIRE RISING
Xiang Zi

Shi Jue Ming, Gou Teng, long Gu, Zhen Zhu Mu, Bai Ji li, Ci Shi, Tian Ma, Bai Shao, Mu li,
LV YANG RISING
Bie Jia, Dai Zhe Shi

LV WIND STIRRING Tian Ma, Gou Teng, Di long, Bai Ji li, Ling Yang Jiao, Quan Xie, Wu Gong, Bai Jiang Can

Yin Chen Hao, Xia Ku Cao, Huang Bai, Huang Qin, Ze Xie, Zhi Zi, long Dan Cao, Huang lian,
LV/GB DAMP-HEAT
Jin Qian Cao, Che Qian Zi

MJ FOOD STAGNATION Shan Zha, Gu Ya, Ji Nei Jin, lai Fu Zi, Shen Qu, Mai Ya, Hong Dou Kou

COLD-DAMP ENCUMBERING SP Huo Xiang, Cang Zhu, Chen Pi, Zhi Ban Xia, Hou Po, Bai Dou Kou, Sha Ren, Pei Lan

SP/ST YANG DEFICIENCY Shan Yao, Zhi Fu Zi, Wu Zhu Yu, Gao liang Jiang, Vi Zhi Ren, Gan Jiang, Rou Gui
SP
SP Ql DEFICIENCY Ren Shen, Dang Shen, Bai Zhu, Shan Yao, Huang Qi, Tai Zi Shen, Bai Bian Dou, Huang ling

SP YIN DEFICIENCY Shan Yao, Yu Zhu, Tai Zi Ren, lian Zi, Bai Shao, Dang Shen, Qian Shi, Fo Shou, Huang ling

SP Ql SINKING Huang Qi, Chai Hu, Jie Geng, Sheng Ma, Ge Gen

Ren Shen, Dang Shen, Xi Yang Shen, Zhi Gan Cao, Wu Wei Zi, Huang Qi, Tai Zi Shen, Dong
LU Ql DEFICIENCY
Chong Xia Cao, Huang Jing, Shan Yao, Ge Jie, Zi He Che
Xi Yang Shen, Mai Men Dong, Yu Zhu, Sheng Di Huang, Tian Hua Fen, Sha Shen, Tian Men
LU YIN DEFICIENCY
Dong, E Jiao, Shan Yao, Bai He, Huang ling

LU Ql LACKING RESTRAINT Wu Wei Zi, Bai Guo, He Zi, Hu Tao Ren, Wu Mei, Wu Bei Zi

LU WIND-COLD FETTERING THE LU Zi Su Ye, Jing Jie, Fang Feng, Xin Vi, Xing Ren, Ma Huang, Gui Zhi, Cang Er Zi, Xi Xin

Sang Ye, Jin Yin Hua, Niu Bang Zi, Zhe Bei Mu, Bo He, Ju Hua, lian Qiao, Qian Hu, Chan
WIND-HEAT ACCOSTING THE LU
Tui, Fu Ping

LU COLD COUGH/WHEEZING Gan Jiang, Rou Gui, Bai Jie Zi, Chen Pi, Zhi Ban Xia, Xi Xin, Zi Wan, Zi Su Zi, Xing Ren

Shi Gao, Chuan Bei Mu, lu Gen, Sang Bai Pi, Huang Qin, Zhi Mu, Gua Lou Pi, Zhu Ru, Pi Pa
LU HEAT COUGH/WHEEZING
Ye, Pang Da Hai, Yu Xing Cao, Fu Shi, Ting Li Zi, Fu Hai Shi
Zhi Fu Zi, lu Rong, Ba Ji Tian, Vi Zhi Ren, Bu Gu Zhi, Tu Si Zi, Rou Gui, Xian Mao, Yin Yang
KD YANG DEFICIENCY
Huo, Du Zhong, Rou Cong Rong, Gou Qi Zi, Hu Lu Ba
Shu Di Huang, Gui Ban, Xuan Shen, Shan Zhu Yu, Nu Zhen Zi, Gou Qi Zi, He Shou Wu, Han
KD KD YIN DEFICIENCY
Lian Cao

KD Ql INSTABILITY Wu Wei Zi, Vi Zhi Ren, Jin Ying Zi, Sang Piao Xiao, Qian Shi, Fu Pen Zi, long Gu, Lian Xu

KD FAILING TO ACCEPT Ql Chen Xiang, Ci Shi, Hu Tao Ren, Wu Wei Zi, Ge Jie, Hu Lu Ba

Herbs by Zang Fu Patterns

 HERBS 369

PROCESSING

1. Increase the substance's potency

• Dang Gui with alcohol : move blood (extract its volatile oil)
• Van Hu Suo with salt : assists its alkaloids to dissolve in water
• Ban Xia I Zhu Ru with ginger : alleviate nausea & stop vomiting
• Kuan Dong Hua with honey : moisten LU, alleviate cough
PURPOSE • Fu Ling with Zhu Sha : calm the spirit
2. Minimize side effects
• Ban Xia with ginger : remove its side effect
3. Alter a substance's properties
• Sheng Di (cold) C Shu Di (warm)
4. Also render them more suitable for storage and preparation
1. Mechanical Methods
2. Methods Utilizing Water
METHOD
3. Methods Utilizing Heat : Chao, Zhi
4. Methods Utilizing Both Heat and Water
1. dry the herbs for storage
2. increase the Spleen-awakening function
DRY-FRYING
3. increase Stomach-strengthening
4. with salt C direct action to Kidney, nourish Yin, reduce fire signs
1. with honey c
tonify, moisten
FRYING 2. with vinegar c
astringent, analgesic, invigorate blood, relieve toxicity
WITH LIQUID 3. with wine c
clear channel blockage, expel wind, alleviate pain
4 . with ginger juice c
reduce tendency of bitter&cold herbs to upset ST, warm ST, stop vomiting

SEVEN COMBINING EFFECTS

COMBINATION HERBS
Single Effect .l!Hr(EH1! ) •• The use of a single herb
Ren Shen - Du Shen Tang
Mutual
Accentuation
ffi i~( 2l"* l •• Mutual necessity
Shi Gao + Zhi Mu
Mutual
Enhancement
ffi1~( 2J"Af ) •• Mutual employment
Huang Qi + Fu Ling
Mutual
Counteraction
ffi~ ( 2J"2.1 ) •• Mut ual Fear
Ban Xia fears Sheng Jiang

Mutual Suppression ffi~lt( 2J"~ ) •• Mutual killing

Sheng Jiang kills Ban Xia

•• Mutual aversion
Lai Fu Zi antagonizes Ren Shen

19 ANTAGONISMS
NOT IMPORTANT IMPORTANT
Mutual ffi/B (2J"2) Liu Huang H Po Xiao Ding Xiang H Yu Jin
Antagonism
Shui Yin H Pi Shuang Cao Wu H Xi Jiao
Lang Du H Mi Tuo Seng Ren Shen H Wu Ling Zhi
Ba Dou H Qian Niu Zi Rou Gui H Chi Shi Zhi
Ya Xiao H San Leng

•• Mutual opposition
Wu Tou is incompatible w ith Ban Xia

18 INCOMPATIBILITIES
GAN CAO WU TOU LILU
Mutual 1. Da Ji 1. Bei Mu 1. Ren Shen
ffi&WI':f l
Incompatibility 2. Hai Zao 2. Gua Lou 2. Sha Shen
3. Ga n Sui 3. Ban Xia 3. Dan Shen
4. Yuan Hua 4. Bai Ji 4. Ku Shen
5. Bai Lian 5. Xi Xin
6. Bai Shao

Processing
370 HERBS

COMBINATION HERBS
e CHI SHI ZHI - Yuan Hua, Huang Qin
e CHUAN BEl MU - Qin Jiao
e CHUAN JIAO - Kuan Dong Hua, Fu Zi, Fang Feng
e CHUAN XIONG - Hua Shi, Huang Lian
e E JIAO - Da Huang
e FANG FENG - Bi Xie
e FU LING - Oi Yu, Qin Jiao, Bie Jia
e GAN CAO - Bie Jia, Xiao Ji
e GUA LOU - Niu Xi
e HE YE - Fu Ling
e HUANG LIAN - Kuan Dong Hua, Niu Xi
e HUANG QIN - Mu Dan Pi, Li Lu
• JIE GENG - Long Dan Cao, Long Van Rou
Mutual e LONG GU - Shi Gao
Counteraction e MAl MEN DONG - Ku Shen, Bai Mu Er
e MU DAN PI - Tu Si Zi, Bei Mu, Da Huang
e MU Ll - Ma Huang, Wu Zhu Yu, Xi Xin
e NIU HUANG - Niu Xi
e NIU XI - Bai Qian
e QIAN HU - Li Lu
e QING HAO - Sheng Di, Dang Gui
e SHI HU - Lei Wan
e SHI JUE MING - Xuan Fu Hua
e TIAN NAN XING - Fu Zi, Gan Jiang, Sheng Jiang
e WU TOU - Xi Jiao, Lu Dou
e XI XIN - Hua Shi
e YUAN ZHI - Zhen Zhu, Li Lu
• Zl WAN - Bei Mu, Xin Vi Hua, Ma Huang, Huang Qin, Huang Lian, Huang Qi
e BA Jl TIAN - Dan Shen
• BAI WEI - Huang Qi, Da Huang, Da Ji, Gan Jiang, Da Zao, Shan Zhu Yu
e BAI ZHI - Xuan Fu Hua
e BAI Zl REN - Ju Hua
e BIE JIA - Ming Fan
e BU GU ZHI - Gan Cao
e CHI SHI ZHI - Da Huang
e CHUAN JIAO - Gua Lou
e CHUAN XIONG - Shan Zhu Yu, Huang Qi
e Cl SHI - Mu Dan Pi
e DAI ZHE SHI - Fu Zi
e Dl FU Zl - Hai Piao Xiao
e DU ZHONG - Xuan Shen
e FANG FENG - Gan Jiang, Li Lu
e GAN CAO - Yuan Zhi, Bai Shao, Shi Hu, Mang Xiao
• GOU Jl - Bai Jiang Cao
e GUA LOU - Gan Jiang
e GUI BAN - Sha Shen, Ren Shen
e HAl PIAO XIAO - Fu Zi, Bai Ji
Mutual e HOU PO - Ze Xie, Han Shui Shi
Antagonism • HUANG LIAN - Ju Hua, Xuan Shen, Bai Xian Pi, Jiang Can
e JUE MING Zl - Hua Ma Ren
e KU SHEN - Tu Si Zi, Bei Mu
e LAI FU Zl - Ren Shen
e MAl MEN DONG - Kuan Dong Hua
e MAN JING Zl - Wu Tou, Shi Gao
e NIU HUANG - Long Gu, Sheng Di, Long Dan Cao, Chang Shan
• QU MAl - Sang Piao Xiao
e SHA SHEN - Fang Ji
e SHAN YAO - Gan Sui
e SHAN ZHU YU - Jie Geng, Fang Feng, Fang Ji
e SHE CHUANG Zl - Mu Dan Pi, Ba Dou, Bei Mu
e SHI HU - Ba Dou
e WU TOU, FU Zl - Wu Gong
e WU ZHU YU - Dan Shen, Zi Shi Ying
e XI XIN - Shan Zhu Yu, Huang Qi
e XING REN - Huang Qi, Ge Gen, Huang Qin
e XU DUAN - Lei Wan
e XUAN SHEN - Huang Qi, Gan Jiang, Da Zao, Shan Zhu Yu
e Zl WAN - Xuan Shen, Ze Xie, Han Shui Shi
e CHUAN XIONG - Li Lu
e DANG SHEN - Li Lu
Mutual e GAN CAO - Li Lu
Incompatibility e KU SHEN - Li Lu
e SHA SHEN - Li Lu
e XUAN SHEN - Li Lu
1. SHENG 01, SHU 01, HE SHOU WU - avoid onions, garlic, & radishes
2. FU LING - avoid vinegar
3. MU DAN PI - avoid garlic
Specific
Dietary 4. HUANG LIAN - avoid pork
Incompatibility 5. REN SHEN - avoid tea and turnips
6. LONG GU - avoid fish
Non 1. when taking herbs - should avoid raw, cold, greasy, or other relatively hard to digest food
Specific 2. fever - avoid greasy foods or oi ls of any types

Combining Effects
 HERBS 371

HIERARCHY IN FORMULA

HIERARCHY ALTERNATE NAME ACTION

KING ~( 2 ) chief, monarch, emperor, principle
• Directly against principal pattern

DEPUTY li! (t! )

minister, adjutant, associate
•• Aid the chief ingredients
Against coexisting pattern
• Reinforce the effect of King/Deputy
ASSISTANT ~( :Ei- ) adjutant, adjuvant
••Moderate the toxicity of King/Deputy
Has an effect that is opposite of the King in complex disorder

ENVOY i~ ( Af) messenger, guide, conductor •Guide actions on certain channel/area

•Harmonize the other ingredients

PREPARATION

COMBINATION HERBS
• Faster absorption
•• Expedites herbal effects
Most appropriate for acute diseases
DECOCTION (TANG) ~(§ )
••Easily changed to fit clinical needs
Time consuming to prepare
••
Makes the entire house smell strange
Expensive compared to other forms

POWDER (SAN) ~{& ) •

Easily absorbable (tang-?san-?wan)
•
Convenient and easily stored

PILL (WAN) :!:L(~ )

••
Convenient & easily stored (wan-?san)
For chronic disease & acute disease
•
Mild and slow in action

VERMILION PILL (DAN) • Coated by Cinnabaris (Zhu Sha)

:1'1-('2)
•
Calms irritability

SYRUPS OR SOFT EXTRACTS (GAO) .(:i}) •

Decoction to a thick concentrate
•
Chronic debilitating diseases, cough

PLASTERS .(:i})
••
Dermatological disorders (abscess & boil)
Pain in the joints and muscles
•
Fractures and immobile masses

MEDICINAL WINES (JIU) ;j!!j(~ ) •

Prepared by steeping herbs in wine
•
W-D Bi, injury, & deficiency disorders

COOKING

DISSOLVE IN TAKEN WITH

DECOCTED ADDED DECOCTED SEPARATELY CRUSHED
STRAINED STRAINED
FIRST NEAR END IN GAUZE SIMMERED BEFORE COOKING
DECOCTION DECOCTION
;\;ilil ( t!~ ) FcT ( ~of l '8.ilil ( £~) ~l]ii!1(111~) ;'Sft(~£f ) ;q,~~(~l!i) m"'f(.s=.±lll
• Bie Jia • Bai Dou Kou • Che Qian Zi • Lu Rang • E Jiao • Chuan Bei Mu • Bai Guo
• Cao Wu • Bo He • Chi Shi Zhi • Ren Shen • Mang Xiao • Niu Huang • Suan Zao Ren
• Chuan Wu • Chen Xiang • Hua Shi • Xi Yang Shen • Yi Tang • San Qi • Tao Ren
• Ci Shi • Da Huang • Pu Huang • Zhu Sha • Xing Ren
• Dai Zhe Shi • Gou Teng • Xin Yi Hua • Yi Zhi Ren
• Fu Zi • Hong Hua • Xuan Fu Hua • Zhi Zi
• Gui Ban • Huo Xiang • Shells
• Long Gu • Jing Jie • Stones
• Ma Huang • Mu Xiang
• Mu Li • Qing Hao
• Shi Gao • Rou Gui
• Shi Jue Ming • Sha Ren
• Shui Niu Jiao • Xiang Ru
• Zhen Zhu • Xing Ren
• Zi Su Ye

Hierarchy, Preparation, Cooking

372 HERBS

DOSAGE

COMBINATION HERBS Measures

1 liang 30 grams
• Patient's constitution
1 qian 3 grams
GENERAL • Duration of disease
1 fen 0.3 gram
• Potency of substance
1 li 0.03 gram

1. Common dosage for most of the available herbs C 3-10g (1-3 Qian)
2. Hard, heavy, moderate, and bland C used in larger doses
3. Light, toxic, and strongly-flavored C used in smaller doses
4. Flowers, leaves, and aromatic herbs C prescribed in smaller doses .................................................................
5. Roots, fruits, and rich and heavy C prescribed in larger doses
VARIABLES 6. Minerals and shells C prescribed in the heaviest doses, not uncommonly over 30g
7. External Use C most preparations are for internal ingestion compared to external use
8. By itself or with just a few other herbs C larger dose is used instead of with many others
9 . More severe problems C usually requiring a larger dose
10. Very weak patients, the aged, and infants C usually cannot tolerate too strong or too large dose
11. So weak that they cannot digest strong tonics C must be started on relatively weak prescriptions

Age to Dose Weight to Dose

Age Daily Dosage Weight Daily Dosage
0-1 month 1/18-1/14 of adult dose 30-40 lbs 20% - 27% of adult dose
1-6 months 1/14-1/7 of adult dose 40-50 lbs 27% - 33% of adult dose
6-12 months 1/7-1/5 of adult dose 50-60 lbs 33% - 40% of adult dose
1-2 years 1/5-1/4 of adult dose 60-70 lbs 40% - 47% of adult dose
2-4 years 1/4-1/3 of adult dose 70-80 lbs 47% - 53% of adult dose
AGE & WEIGHT
4-6 years 1/3-2/5 of adult dose 80-100 lbs 53 % - 67% of adult dose
6-9 years 2/5-1/2 of adult dose 100-120 lbs 67% - 80% of adult dose
9-14 years 1/2-2/3 of adult dose 120-150 lbs 80% - 100% of adult dose
14-18 years 2/3-full adult dose 150 lbs adult dose
18-60 years adult dose 150-200 lbs 100% - 133% of adult dose
over 60 years 3/4 or less of adult dose 200-250 lbs 133%- 167% of adult dose
250-300 lbs 167%- 200% of adult dose

HERB DOSE DETAIL

Chuan Bei Mu 1-1.5g powder
Dan Shen 60g va sculitis
Gui Zhi 9-15g Bi syndrome
Hong Hua 0.9-1.5g harmoni ze blood
IMPORTANT Ji Nei Jin 1.5-3g powder
DOSAGES Mai Ya 60g inhibit lactation
Ren Shen 30g hemorrhage shock
Rou Gui 1.5-4.5g small dose
Shan Zhu Yu 30-60g shock
Wei ling Xian 15-30g fi shbone
Xi Xin 1-3g no more than 1 Qian

Dosage
 HERBS 373

CAUTION & CONTRAINDICATION

HERB UNUSUAL CAUTION OR CONTRAINDICATION

1. MAHUANG raise BP
2. XI XIN caution: renal problem
3. XIANG RU vomiting if taken hot
4. SHENG MA breathing difficulties I upper excess & lower def.
S. JUE MING Zl diarrhea & hypotension
6. SHENG Dl pregnancy with blood def.
7. Zl CAO measles
8. JIN YIN HUA Qi def. sores, Yin ulcers
9. TU FU LING Don't take with tea
10. QING HAO Blood def. in postpartum
11. MU TONG overdose leads to renal failure
12. MU GUA overuse damages teeth/bone
13. BAN XIA all bleeding due to Yin def.
14. BAI QIAN cough from KD not grasp Qi
1S. BAI JIE Zl no topical for sensitive skin
16. JIE GENG hemoptysis
17. XING REN caution: infants & diarrhea
18. SHAN ZHA acid regurgitation
19. CHEN PI dry cough from Qi and Yin deficiency, hot phlegm, dry heat cough, blood spitting
20. FU Zl false cold, true heat
21. REN SHEN hypertension (systolic over 180mm Hg)
22. DA ZAO excess damp, food stagnation, parasites, damp phlegm disorders
23. LU RONG increase dose slowly
24. WU WEI Zl may cause heartburn
2S. YUAN ZHI caution: ulcers & gastritis
26. BING LANG caution: MJ Qi collapse
27. DA HUANG Enters milk

CAUTION FOR PREGNANCY CONTRA-INDICATION FOR PREGNANCY

•••
Hua Shi
Yi Yi Ren
•• Mu Tong
Qu Mai
DRAIN DAMP
•
Dong Kui Zi
Dan Zhu Ye (clear and purge heat)
• Che Qian Zi

•• Yu Jin
Ze Lan
•• Yan Hu Suo
Yi Mu Cao
•• Pu Huang (stop bleeding)
Gui Zhi (disperse Wind-Cold)
•• Tao Ren
Hong Hua
•• Ru Xiang
M o Yao
MOVE BLOOD •• E Zhu
San Leng
•• Huai Niu Xi
Chuan Niu Xi

•••
Wang Bu Liu Xing
Chuan Shan Zha
San Qi (stop bleeding)
• Mu Dan Pi (cool blood)

WARM INTERIOR
•• Ga n Jiang
Rou Gui
•
••
Fu Zi
Chuan Wu
• Chuan Jiao Cao Wu

PURGATIVE
• Da Huang
•• M ang Xiao
Lu Hui
• Da Ji

HEAVY •• Chi Shi Zhi

Dai Zhe Shi
•• Gui Ban
Bie Jia
SUBSTANCE
• Shui Niu Jiao

•• Chan Tu i
Mu Zei
•• She Gan
Tian Hua Fen
OTHERS •• Hou Po (move qi)
Shen Qu (digestive)
•• Tian Nan Xing (toxic)
Niu Huang
•• Zhi Shi (move qi)
Bai Ji Li (move qi)

Caution & Contraindication

374 HERBS

(1) BRIGHTEN EVES

HERB CATEGORY HERB CATEGORY
BY SECONDARY ACTIONS BO HE Disperse Wind-Heat
SANG YE Disperse Wind-Heat
JU HUA Disperse Wind-Heat
CONTENTS MU ZEI Disperse Wind-Heat
1. Benefit Eyes MAN JING Zl Disperse Wind-Heat
2. Benefit Hair JUE MING Zl Clear and Purge Heat
3. Benefit Throat XIA KU CAO Clear and Purge Heat
4. Benefit Voice CHE QIAN Zl Drain Damp
5. Calm Fetus CANG ZHU Aromatics for Damp
6. Calm Shen GOU Ql Zl Blood Tonic
7. Clear HT Heat via 51 TU 51 Zl Yang Tonic
8. Clear Summer Heat NU ZHEN Zl Yin Tonic
9. Clear Yin Deficient Heat
ZHEN ZHU Anchor Shen
10. Dissipate Nodules
BAI Jl Ll Extinguish LV Wind
11. Expel Parasites
12. Expel Pus SHI JUE MING Extinguish LV Wind
13. Generate Fluids
14. Guiding Herbs: by channels
15. Guiding Herbs: by regions
16. Inhibit Lactation
17. Lower Cholesterol
18. Moisten Intestines
19. Move and Cool Blood
20. Move and Nourish Blood (2) BENEFIT HAIR
21. Move Blood
22. Move Qi HERB CATEGORY
23. Open HT orifice HUAI NIU XI Activate Blood
24. Open Nasal orifice DA ZAO Qi Tonic
25. Prevent stagnation from Tonics HE SHOU WU Blood Tonic ®
26. Promote Healing & Generate Flesh GOU Ql Zl Blood Tonic
27. Promote Lactation
DANG GUI Blood Tonic
28. Promote Urination
TU Sl Zl Yang Tonic
29. Raise Yang Qi
NU ZHEN Zl Yin Tonic
30. Reduce Food retention
31. Reduce Poisoning HEI ZHI MA Yin Tonic
32. Regulate Menstruation HAN LIAN CAO Yin Tonic ®
33 . Release Exterior @ = NCCAOM only
34. Relieve Jaundice
35. Soothe LV Qi
36. Stop Bleeding
37. Stop Cough/Wheezing
38. Stop Diarrhea
39 . Stop Dysentery
40. Stop Headaches (3) BENEFIT THROAT
41. Stop Itching
42 . Stop Nausea/Vomiting/Hiccup HERB CATEGORY
43 . Stop Pain BO HE Disperse Wind-Heat
44. Stop Sweating NIU BANG Zl Disperse Wind-Heat
45. Stop Toothache CHAN TUI Disperse Wind-Heat
46. Strengthen Sinews/Bones XUAN SHEN Clear Blood-Heat
47. Transform Stone LIAN QIAO Clear Toxic-Heat
48. Treat Burns BAN LAN GEN Clear Toxic-Heat
49 . Treat Cancer SHE GAN Clear Toxic-Heat
50. Treat Diabetes (Xiao Ke) Clear Toxic-Heat
SHAN DOU GEN
51. Treat Hepatitis
JIE GENG Dissolve Cold-Phlegm
52. Treat Hernia
CHEN PI Regulate Qi
53. Treat Hypertension
54. Treat Leukorrhea GAN CAO Qi Tonic
55. Treat Lumbago HE Zl Astringent
56. Treat Malaria
57. Treat Spermatorrhea
58. Treat Trauma
59. Treat Trichomoniasis
60. Vent Rashes

Herbs by Secondary Actions

 HERBS 375

(4) BENEFIT VOICE (8) CLEAR SUMMER-HEAT

HERB CATEGORY HERB CATEGORY
MAHUANG Disperse Wind-Cold XIANG RU Disperse Wind-Cold
CHAN TUI Disperse Wind-Heat HE YE Clear Toxic-Heat
PANG DA HAl Dissolve Hot-Phlegm QING HAO Clear Deficient Heat
XING REN Stop Cough/Wheezing HUA SHI Drain Damp
GAN CAO Qi Tonic HUO XIANG Aromatics for Damp
MAl MEN DONG Yin Tonic BAI SIAN DOU Qi Tonic
SHA SHEN Yin Tonic GAN CAO Qi Tonic
HE Zl Astringent

(9) CLEAR YIN DEFICIENT HEAT

(5) CALM FETUS
HERB CATEGORY
HERB CATEGORY ZHI MU Clear & Purge Heat
Zl SU YE Disperse Wind-Cold MU DAN PI Clear Blood-Heat
HUANG QIN Clear Damp-Heat QIN JIAO Dispel Wind-Damp
SANG Jl SHENG Dispel Wind-Damp
ZHU RU Dissolve Hot-Phlegm
SHA REN Aromatics for Damp
AI YE Warm Interior
BAI ZHU Qi Tonic
E JIAO Blood Tonic (10) DISSIPATE NODULES
DU ZHONG Yang Tonic HERB CATEGORY
XU DUAN Yang Tonic TIAN HUA FEN Clear & Purge Heat
TU Sl Zl Yang Tonic XIA KU CAO Clear & Purge Heat
XUAN SHEN Clear Blood-Heat
LIAN QIAO Clear Toxic-Heat
PU GONG YING Clear Toxic-Heat
VI VI REN Drain Damp
DONG KUI Zl Drain Damp
(6) CALM SHEN
BEl MU Dissolve Hot-Phlegm
HERB CATEGORY GUA LOU Dissolve Hot-Phlegm
FU LING Drain Damp HAl ZAO Dissolve Hot-Phlegm
XI XIAN CAO Dispel Wind-Damp BAN XIA Dissolve Cold-Phlegm
ZHU RU Dissolve Hot-Phlegm BAI JIE Zl Dissolve Cold-Phlegm
DAN SHEN Activate Blood JIE GENG Dissolve Cold-Phlegm
REN SHEN Qi Tonic BIE JIA Yin Tonic
DA ZAO Qi Tonic MU Ll Anchor Shen
LONG VAN ROU Blood Tonic YUAN ZHI Calm Shen
BAI HE Yin Tonic
LIAN Zl Astringent
WU WEI Zl Astringent
FU XIAO MAl Astringent

(11) EXPEL PARASITES

HERB CATEGORY
KU SHEN Clear Damp-Heat
LU HUI Purgative
(7) CLEAR HT HEAT VIA Sl
SIAN XU Drain Damp
HERB CATEGORY HAl TONG PI Dispel Wind-Damp
DAN ZHU YE Clear & Purge Heat BAI BU Stop Cough/Wheezing
DENG XIN CAO Drain Damp CHUAN LIAN Zl Regulate Qi
MU TONG Drain Damp XIAN HE CAO Stop Bleeding
CHUAN JIAO Warm Interior
SHE CHUANG Zl External Use

Herbs by Secondary Actions

376 HERBS

(12) EXPEL PUS

(13) GENERATE FLUIDS

(15) GUIDING HERBS: BY REGIONS
..
~··~'.'·'? '· }~/ . ::'t,'"· ·;'; .·,,
JIE GENG Throat
SANG ZHI Upper limbs
GUI ZHI Upper limbs
XIANG FU Chest
CHEN PI Middle Jiao
CHEN XIANG Lower Jiao
DENG XIN CAO Lower Jiao
CHAI HU Flank
XIAO HUI XAING Inguinal
CHUAN LIAN Zl Inguinal
HAN FANG Jl Knee
NIU XI Knee

(16) INHIBIT LACTATION

(14) GUIDING HERB: BY CHANNELS

,.,.
(17) LOWER CHOLESTEROL
..
GE GEN
· · ·~· . ... '.·
.
· ...
Disperse Wind-Heat
JUE MING Zl Clear & Purge Heat
YE JU HUA Clear Toxic-Heat @
DA HUANG Purgative
ZE XIE Drain Damp
SHAN ZHA Digestive
SAN Ql Stop Bleeding
JIANG HUANG Activate Blood ®
HU ZHANG Activate Blood @
HUANG JING Qi Tonic®
HE SHOU WU Blood Tonic ®
NU ZHEN Zl Yin Tonic
YU ZHU Yin Tonic@
TIAN MA Extinguish LV Wind

Herbs by Secondary Actions

 HERBS 377

(18) MOISTEN INTESTINES (22) M OVE Ql

HERB CATEGORY HERB CATEGORY

NIU BANG Zl Disperse Wind-Heat HOU PO Aromatics for Damp
JUE MING Zl Clear & Purge Heat BAI DOU KOU Aromatics for Damp
Zl CAO Clear Blood-Heat SHA REN Aromat ics for Damp
DONG KUI Zl Drain Damp CAO DOU KOU Aromatics for Damp
QU MAl Drain Damp LAI FU Zl Digestive
QIN JIAO Dispel Wind-Damp CHUAN XIONG Activate Blood
GUA LOU REN Dissolve Hot-Phlegm VAN HU SUO Activate Blood
XING REN Stop Cough/Wheezing YU JIN Activate Blood
SU Zl Stop Cough/ Wheezing RU XIANG Activat e Blood
ZHI SHI Regu late Qi SAN LENG Activate Blood
TAO REN Activate Blood E ZHU Activate Blood
FENG Ml Qi Tonic
DANG GUI Blood Tonic
SANG SHEN Blood Tonic
ROU CONG RONG Yang Tonic
SUO YANG Yang Tonic
HU TAO REN Yang Tonic (23) OPEN HT ORIFICE
TIAN MEN DONG Yin Tonic HERB CATEGORY
MAl MEN DONG Yin Tonic YU JIN Activat e Blood
HEI ZHI MA Yin Tonic YUAN ZHI Calm Shen
BAI Zl REN Ca lm Shen SHI CHANG PU Aromatics for Orifices ®

(19) MOVE & COOL BLOOD (24) OPEN NASAL ORIFICE

HERB CATEGORY HERB CATEGORY
MU DAN PI Clear Blood-Heat BAI ZHI Disperse Wind-Cold
Zl CAO Clear Blood-Heat XI XIN Disperse Wind-Cold
CHI SHAO Activate Blood XIN VI HUA Disperse Wind-Cold
DAN SHEN Activat e Blood CANG ER Zl Disperse Wind-Cold
YU JIN Activat e Blood BO HE Disperse Wind-Heat

(20) MOVE & NOURISH BLOOD

(25) PREVENT STAGNATION FROM TONICS
HERB CATEGORY
HERB CATEGORY
DAN SHEN Activat e Blood
SHA REN Aromatics for Damp
HONG HUA Activat e Blood (0.9-l.Sg)
CHEN PI Regulat e Qi
Jl XUE TENG Act ivate Bloo d ® MU XIANG Regulate Qi
DANG GUI Blood Tonic

(26) PROMOTE HEALING & GENERATE FLESH

(21) MOVE BLOOD
HERB CATEGORY
HERB CATEGORY
BAI Jl Stop Bleeding
MU DAN PI Clear Blood-Heat
Dl YU Stop Bleeding
DA HUANG Purgative MO YAO Activat e Blood
QU MAl Drain Dam p
RU XIANG Activat e Blood
PU HUANG St op Bleeding
HUANG Ql Qi Tonic
SAN Ql St op Bleeding
DANG GUI Blood Tonic
QIAN CAO GEN Stop Bleeding
GUI BAN Yin Tonic
DANG GUI Blood Tonic
CHI SHI ZHI Ast ringent
XU DUAN Yang Tonic
LONG GU Anchor Shen
BIE JIA Yin Tonic
ZHEN ZHU Anchor Shen

H e rbs by Secondary Actions

378 HERBS

(27} PROMOTE LACTATION (31} REDUCE POISONING

HERB CATEGORY HERB CATEGORY
PU GONG YING Clear Toxic-Heat 1. SHENG JIANG Disperse Wind-Cold
DONG KUI Zl Drain Damp 2. Zl SU YE Disperse Wind-Cold
MU TONG Drain Damp 3. FANG FENG Disperse Wi'nd-Cold
WANG BU LIU XING Activate Blood 4. Zl CAO Clear Blood-Heat
HEI ZHI MA Yin Tonic S. TU FU LING Clear Toxic-Heat
CHUAN SHA JIA Obsolete 6. LU DOU Clear Toxic-Heat
7. GAN CAO Qi Tonic
8. GU SUI BU Yang Tonic
.,;;;· .,::s
.,s:
tl
~
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n
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.
n
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CD
e!.
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O'Q
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g:::s
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.,
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iil

(28} PROMOTE URINATION

c
<
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;;·
..
Q
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VI
c
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c
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::s ;;;· :;·
HERB CATEGORY O'Q 0
::s
MAHUANG
SHENG JIANG PI
Disperse Wind-Cold
Disperse Wind-Cold
...:;·
5 3 1 1 4 7 6 1 6 8
XIANG RU Disperse Wind-Co ld
6 2 3 7 6 7
ZHI Zl Clear & Purge Heat 7 6 7
DAN ZHU YE Clear & Purge Heat
LU GEN Clear & Purge Heat
KU SHEN Clear Damp-Heat
BAI WEI Clear Deficient Heat
HAl TONG PI Dispel Wind-Damp (32} REGULATE MENSTRUATION
WU JIA PI Dispel Wind-Damp
HERB CATEGORY
SANG BAI PI Stop Cough/Wheezing
XIANG FU Regulate Qi
DA FU PI Regulate Qi
VI MU CAO Activate Blood
PU HUANG Stop Bleeding
ZE LAN Activate Blood
BAI MAO GEN Stop Bleeding
BAI SHAO Blood Tonic
VI MU CAO Activate Blood
DANG GUI Blood Tonic
ZE LAN Activate Blood
NIU XI Activate Blood
HUANG Ql Qi Tonic
Dl LONG Extinguish LV Wind
BING LANG Expel Parasites (33} RELEASE EXTERIOR WIND
HERB CATEGORY
JIN YIN HUA Clear Toxic-Heat
LIAN QIAO Clear Toxic-Heat
QING HAO Clear Deficient Heat
(29} RAISE YANG Ql DU HUO Dispel Wind-Damp
QIAN HU Dissolve Hot-Phlegm
HERB CATEGORY RAISE
HUO XIANG Aromatics for Damp
CHAI HU Disperse Wind-Heat
ORGAN CANG ZHU Aromatics for Damp
SHENG MA Disperse Wind-Heat
PROLAPSE GOU TENG Extinguish LV Wind
HUANG Ql Qi Tonic
BAI Jl Ll Extinguish LV Wind
GE GEN Disperse Wind-Heat DIARRHEA

(34} RELIEVE JAUNDICE

HERB CATEGORY
(30} REDUCE FOOD RETENTION
ZHI Zl Clear & Purge Heat
HERB CATEGORY HUANG QIN Clear Damp-Heat
DA HUANG Purgative HUANG LIAN Clear Damp-Heat
BAN XIA Dissolve Cold-Phlegm HUANG BAI Clear Damp-Heat
CANG ZHU Aromatics for Damp BAN LAN GEN Clear Toxic-Heat
SAN LENG Activate Blood PU GONG YING Clear Toxic-Heat
E ZHU Activate Blood SHAN DOU GEN Clear Toxic-Heat
WU ZHU YU Warm Interior TU FU LING Clear Toxic-Heat
ROU DOU KOU Astringent DA HUANG Purgative
BING LANG Expel Parasites YIN CHEN Drain Damp
QIN JIAO Dispel Wind-Damp
YU JIN Activate Blood

Herbs by Secondary Actions

 HERBS 379

{35) SOOTHE LV Ql {38) STOP DIARRHEA

HERB CATEGORY HERB CATEGORY
BO HE Disperse Wind-Heat GE GEN Disperse Wind-Heat
CHAI HU Disperse Wind-Heat HE YE Clear Toxic-Heat
MAl YA Digestive FU LING Drain Damp
QING PI Regu late Qi Yl Yl REN Drain Damp
XIANG FU Regulate Qi CHE QIAN Zl Drain Damp
CHUAN LIAN Zl Regulate Qi CAO DOU KOU Aromatics for Damp
YU JIN Activate Blood CAO GUO Aromatics for Damp
WU ZHU YU Warm Interior SHA REN Aromatics for Damp
XIAO HUI XIANG Warm Interior WU ZHU YU Warm Interior
BAI Jl Ll Extinguish LV Wind BAI ZHU Qi Tonic
BAI BIAN DOU Qi Tonic
SHAN YAO Qi Tonic
BU GU ZHI Yang Tonic
Yl ZHI REN Yang Tonic
WU WEI Zl Astringent
LIAN Zl Astringent

{36) STOP BLEEDING QIAN SHI Astringent

CHI SHI ZHI Astringent
HERB CATEGORY CHUN GEN PI Astringent
JING JIE Disperse Wind-Cold HE Zl Astringent
SANG YE Disperse Wind-Heat JIN YING Zl Astringent
MU ZEI Disperse Wind-Heat ROU DOU KOU Astringent
ZHI Zl Clear & Purge Heat WU MEl Astringent
HUANG QIN Clear Damp-Heat BING LANG Expel Parasites
HUANG LIAN Clear Damp-Heat
HE YE Clear Toxic-Heat
QING HAO Clear Deficient Heat
SHI WEI Drain Damp
ZHU RU Dissolve Hot-Phlegm
NIU XI Activate Blood {39) STOP DYSENTERY
E JIAO Blood Tonic
HERB CATEGORY
XU DUAN Yang Tonic
JIN YIN HUA Clear Toxic-Heat
GUI BAN Yin Tonic
BAI TOU WENG Clear Toxic-Heat ®
SHAN ZHU YU Astringent
DA HUANG Purgative
HAl PIAO XIAO Astringent
HUANG QIN Drain Damp
WU MEl Astringent
HUANG LIAN Drain Damp
CHI SHI ZHI Astringent
HUANG BAI Drain Damp
DAI ZHE SHI Extinguish LV Wind
KU SHEN Drain Damp
CANG ZHU Aromatics for Damp
HOU PO Aromatics for Damp
XIAN HE CAO Stop Bleeding

{37) STOP COUGH/WHEEZING

HERB CATEGORY {40) STOP HEADACHE
SHENG JIANG Disperse Wind-Cold
HERB CATEGORY
SANG YE Disperse Wind -Heat
CHAI HU Shao Yang
01 GU PI Clear Deficient Heat
QIANG HUO Tai Yang
SHI WEI Drain Damp YANG
BAI ZHI
CHE QIAN Zl Drain Damp Yang Ming
GE GEN
HOU PO Aromatics for Damp
GAO BEN
CE BAI YE Stop Bleeding Jue Yin
WU ZHU YU
E JIAO Blood Tonic
XI XIN
DANG GUI Bl ood Tonic Shao Yin YIN
DU HUO
HU TAO REN Yang Tonic
BAN XIA
BAI HE Yin Tonic Tai Yin
CANG ZHU
CHUAN XIONG For various types

Herbs by Secondary Actions

380 HERBS

(41) STOP ITCHING (44) STOP SWEATING

HERB CATEGORY HERB CATEGORY

JING JIE Disperse Wind-Cold SHI GAO Clear & Purge Heat
Zl CAO Clear Blood-Heat ZHI MU Clear & Purge Heat
KU SHEN Clear Damp-Heat Dl GU PI Clear Deficient Heat
BAI XIAN PI Clear Toxic-Heat @ FU Zl Warm Interior
Dl FU Zl Drain Damp HUANG Ql Qi Tonic
HAl TONG PI Dispel Wind-Damp BAI ZHU Qi Tonic
XIAN HE CAO Stop Bleeding SHAN ZHU YU Astringent
BAI Jl ll Extinguish LV Wind WU WEI Zl Astringent
SHE CHUANG Zl External Use FU XIAO MAl Astringent
WU MEl Astringent
MAHUANG GEN Astringent ®
LONG GU (DUAN) Anchor Shen
MU Ll (DUAN) Anchor Shen
SUAN ZAO REN Calm Shen
(42) STOP NAUSEA/VOMITING/HICCUP
HERB CATEGORY
Zl SU YE Disperse Wind-Cold
SHENG JIANG Disperse Wind-Cold
LU GEN Clear & Purge Heat
ZHU RU Dissolve Hot-Phlegm (45) STOP TOOTHACHE
BAN XIA Dissolve Cold-Phlegm HERB CATEGORY
XUAN FU HUA Dissolve Cold-Phlegm BAI ZHI Disperse Wind-Cold
PI PA YE Stop Cough/Wheezing GAO BEN Disperse Wind-Cold
HUO XIANG Aromatics for Damp XI XIN Disperse Wind-Cold
BAI DOU KOU Aromatics for Damp SHENG MA Disperse Wind-Heat
CAO DOU KOU Aromatics for Damp SHI GAO Clear & Purge Heat
SHA REN Aromatics for Damp HAUGN liAN Clear Damp-Heat
CHEN PI Regulate Qi DA HUANG Purgative
CHEN XIANG Regulate Qi Bl BA Warm Interior
WU ZHU YU Warm Interior HU JIAO Warm Interior
XIAO HUI XIANG Warm Interior NIU XI Activate Blood
DING XIANG Warm Interior GU SUI BU Yang Tonic
DAI ZHE SHI Extinguish LV Wind

(46) STRENGTHEN SINEWS/BONES

(43) STOP PAIN
HERB CATEGORY
HERB CATEGORY WU JIA PI Dispel Wind-Damp
FANG FENG Disperse Wind-Cold SANG Jl SHENG Dispel Wind-Damp
GAO BEN Disperse Wind-Cold HUAI NIU XI Activate Blood
BAI ZHI Disperse Wind-Cold DU ZHONG Yang Tonic
XI XIN Disperse Wind-Cold XU DUAN Yang Tonic
GE GEN Disperse Wind-Heat GU SUI BU Yang Tonic
WEI liNG XIAN Dispel Wind-Damp GOU Jl Yang Tonic
TIAN NAN XING Dissolve Cold-Phlegm
SAN Ql Stop Bleeding
Dl YU Stop Bleeding
VAN HU SUO Activate Blood
RU XIANG Activate Blood
MO YAO Activate Blood (47) TRANSFORM STONE
CHUAN XIONG Activate Blood HERB CATEGORY
CHUAN WU Warm Interior YU JIN GB Activate Blood
CAO WU Warm Interior Jl NEI JIN Digestive
CHUAN JIAO Warm Interior GB & KD
JIN QIN CAO Drain Damp®
GAO liANG JIANG Warm Interior HAl JIN SHA Drain Damp®
VI TANG Qi Tonic KD
SHI WEI Drain Damp®
BAI SHAO Blood Tonic

Herbs by Secondary Actions

 HERBS 381

(48) TREAT BURNS (51) TREAT HEPATITIS

HERB CATEGORY HERB CATEGORY

BAI ZHI Disperse Wind-Cold CHAI ftU Disperse Wi nd-Heat
Zl CAO Clear Blood-Heat XIA KU CAO Clear & Purge Heat
HUANG LIAN Clear Damp-Heat BAN LAN GEN Clear Toxic-Heat
HUANG BAI Clea r Damp-Heat SHAN DOU GEN Clear Toxic-Heat
Dl YU Stop Bleeding LU HUI Purgative
CE BAI YE St op Bleed ing VI VI REN Drain Damp
BAI Jl Stop Bleeding YIN CHEN Drain Damp
MU GUA Dispel Wind-Damp
QIN JIAO Dispel W ind-Damp
HUO XIANG Aromatics for Damp
SHAN ZHA Digestive
DA Jl Stop Bleeding ®
XIAO Jl Stop Bleed ing ®
(49) TREAT CANCER DAN SHEN Activate Blood

HERB CATEGORY CHI SHAO Activate Blood

SHAN YAO Qi Tonic
1. BAI HUA SHE SHE CAO ® Clea r Toxic-Heat
BAI SHAO Blood Tonic
2. BAN ZHI LIAN ® Clear Toxic-Heat
Clear Toxic-Heat DANG GUI Blood Tonic
3. SHAN DOU GEN
GOU Ql Zl Blood Tonic
4. SHAN Cl GU ® Clear Toxic-Heat
NU ZHEN Zl Yin Tonic
5. TIAN KUI Zl ® Clear Toxic-Heat
WU WEI Zl Astringent
6. LONG KUI ® Clea r Toxic-Heat
Activate Blood WU MEl Astringent
7. E ZHU
8. HUANG JING ® Qi Tonic
9. LU FENG FANG ® External Use
10. BAN MAO ® External Use
11. ER CHA ® External Use
12. MA QIAN Zl ® Obsolete
(52) TREAT HERNIA
13. PENG SHA ® Obsolete
r- r- -i ;;a r- n HERB CATEGORY
c:
zC) "'-i0 <
m
til
!j;: :I:
;;a
til
;;a
m
m
n
-<
s: m
;;a CHUAN LIAN Zl Regulate Qi
s: ;;a 0
0
0 ~ ~ "' <
n
~
)> -i r- :I: QING PI Regulate Qi
m )>
n
:I:
;;a ~ r-
n WU YAO Regulate Qi
WU ZHU YU Warm Interior
1 1 z 5 3 4 8 5 6
XIAO HUI XIANG Warm Interior
2 6 10 5 5 11 7
13 12 9 13

(53) TREAT HYPERTENSION

HERB CATEGORY
GE GEN Disperse Wind-Heat
(SO) TREAT DIABETES (XIAO KE)
ZHI Zl Clear & Purge Heat
HERB CATEGORY XIA KU CAO Clear & Purge Heat
GE GEN Disperse Wind-Heat JUE MING Zl Clear & Purge Heat
ZHI MU Clear & Purge Heat HUANG QIN Clear Damp-Heat
TIAN HUA FEN Clear & Purge Heat Clear Damp-Heat
LONG DAN CAO
SHENG Dl HUANG Clear Blood-Heat SANG Jl SHENG Dispel Wind-Damp
REN SHEN (HONG SHEN) Qi Tonic Stop Cough/Wheezing
SANG BAI PI
HUANG Ql Qi Tonic
SHAN ZHA Digestive
SHAN YAO Qi Tonic Stop Bleeding
HUAI HUA Ml
SHU Dl HUANG Blood Tonic Activate Blood
VI MU CAO
MAl MEN DONG Yin Tonic CHONG WEI Zl Activate Blood
TIAN MEN DONG Yin Tonic
DU ZHONG Yang Tonic
SHI HU Yin Tonic
GOU TENG Extinguish LV Wind
WU WEI Zl Astringent
TIAN MA Extinguish LV Wind
WU M El Astringent
BAI Jl Ll Extinguish LV Wind
SHAN ZHU YU Astringent
SHI JUE MING Extinguish LV Wind
Dl LONG Extinguish LV Wind
MA DOU LING Obsolete

H e rbs by Secondary Actions

382 HERBS

(54) TREAT LEUKORRHEA (57) TREAT SPERMATORRHEA

HERB CATEGORY HERB CATEGORY

BAI ZHI Disperse Wind-Cold SHAN YAO Qi Tonic
HUANG LIAN Clea r Damp-Heat LU RONG Yang Tonic
HUANG BAI Clear Damp-Heat XIAN MAO Ya ng Tonic
LONG DAN CAO Clear Damp-Heat YIN YANG HUO Yang Tonic
KU SHEN Clear Damp-Heat Yl ZHI REN Yang Tonic
ZE XIE Drain Damp BA Jl TIAN Yang Tonic
BAI XIAN PI Drain Damp BU GU ZHI Yang Tonic
Dl FU Zl Drain Damp XU DUAN Ya ng Tonic
BAI BU Stop Cough/Wheezing GOU Jl Ya ng Tonic
CANG ZHU Aromatics for Damp ROU CONG RONG Yang Tonic
XIAN HE CAO Stop Bleeding TU Sl Zl Yang Tonic
HUA JIAO Warm Interior SHAN ZHU YU Astringent
AI YE Stop Bleeding HAl PIAO XIAO Astringent
BAI ZHU Qi Tonic SANG PIAO XIAO Astringent ®
TU Sl Zl Yang Tonic QIAN SHI Astringent
GOU Jl Yang Tonic LIAN Zl Astringent
HAl PIAO XIAO Astringent BAI GUO Ast ringent
JIN YING Zl Astringent WU WEI Zl Astringent
LIAN Zl Astringent LONG GU (DUAN) Anchor Shen
QIAN SHI Astringent MU ll (DUAN) Anchor Shen
SANG PIAO XIAO Astringent ® YUAN ZHI Ca lm Shen
LONG GU Anchor Shen
MU ll Anchor Shen
SHE CHUANG Zl External Use
(58) TREAT TRAUMA

HERB CATEGORY
MU DAN PI Clear Blood-Heat
SAN Ql Stop Bleeding
HONG HUA Activate Blood
TAO REN Activate Blood
RU XIANG Activate Blood
MO YAO Act ivate Blood
(55) TREAT LUMBAGO CHI SHAO Activate Blood
NIU XI Activate Blood
HERB CATEGORY
ZE LAN Act ivat e Blood
SANG Jl SHENG Dispel Wind-Damp
DANG GUI (WEI) Blood Tonic
DU ZHONG Yang Tonic
XU DUAN Yang Tonic
XU DUAN Yang Tonic
GOU Jl Yang Tonic
BU GU ZHI Yang Tonic
GU SUI BU Yang Tonic (59) TREAT TRICHOMONIASIS
HU TAO REN Yang Tonic
HERB CATEGORY
TU Sl Zl Yang Tonic
KU SHEN Clear Damp-Heat
BAI BU Stop Cough/ Wheezing
XIAN HE CAO Stop Bleeding
BU GU ZHI Ya ng Tonic
YUAN ZHI Ca lm Shen
SHE CHUANG Zl External use

(56) TREAT MALARIA

(60) VENT RASHES
HERB CATEGORY
ZHI MU Clear & Purge Heat HERB CATEGORY
QING HAO Clear Deficient Heat JING JIE Disperse Wind-Cold
CAO GUO Aromatics for Damp BO HE Disperse Wind-Heat
BING LANG Expel Parasites NIU BANG Zl Disperse W ind-Heat
CHANG SHAN Expel Pa rasites ® CHAN TUI Disperse Wind-Heat
GE GEN Disperse W ind-Heat
SHENG MA Disperse Wind-Heat
Zl CAO Clear Blood-Heat
LU GEN Clear & Purge Heat

Herbs by Secondary Actions

 HERBS 383

HERBS - 63 FORMULAS INDEX

HERB CA STATE BOARD FORMULAS

BAI BU Zhi Sou San
BAI GUO Ding Chuan Tang
BAI QIAN Zhi Sou San
Gui Zhi Tang I Ge Gen Tang I Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang I Xiao Yao San I Si Ni San I Si Wu Tang I
BAI SHAO Shi Quan Da Bu Tang I Gu Jing Wan I Wen Jing Tang I Zhen Wu Tang I Du Huo Ji Sheng
Tang
BAI ZHI Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang I Huo Xiang Zheng Qi Tang
Xiao Yao San I Li Zhong Wan I Si Jun Zi Tang I Gui Pi Tang I Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang I Shi
BAI ZHU Quan Da Bu Tang I Yu Ping Feng San I Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San I Wu Ling San I Zhen Wu
B Tang I Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang
BAI Zl REN Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan
Xiao Chai Hu Tang I Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang I Ban Xia Hou Po Tang I Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang I
BAN XIA Ding Chuan Tang I Wen Jing Tang I Huo Xiang Zheng San I Er Chen Tang I Wen Dan Tang I
Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang I Bao He Wan
BIE JIA Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang
BIAN XU Ba Zheng San
BO HE Sang Ju Yin I Yin Qiao San I Ren Shen Bai Du San I Xiao Yao San
BU GU ZHI Si Shen Wan
CANG ZHU Vue Ju Wan I Ping Wei San I Xiao Feng San
CAO WU Xiao Huo Luo Dan
Xiao Chai Hu Tang I Xiao Yao San I Si Ni San I Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang I Ren Shen Bai Du San I
CHAI HU
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang I Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
CHAN TUI Xiao Feng San
CHE QIAN Zl Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Ba Zheng San
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang I Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang I Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang I Ping Wei San I Huo Xiang
CHEN PI Zheng Qi San I Wu Pi San I Wen Dan Tang I Zhi Sou San I Bao He Wan

c • JU HONG : Er Chen Tang I Bei Mu Gua Lou San I Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang
CHI SHAO Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
CHUAN BEl MU Bei Mu Gua Lou San
CHUAN JIAO Da Jian Zhong Tang
CHUAN NIU XI Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang I Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
CHUAN WU Xiao Huo Luo Dan
Ren Shen Bai Du San I Si Wu Tang I Shi Quan Da Bu Tang I Suan Zao Ren Tang I Yue Ju
CHUAN XIONG
Wan I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang I Wen Jing Tang I Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
CHUN PI Gu Jing Wan
DA FU PI Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San I Wu Pi San
D Da Cheng Qi Tang I Xiao Cheng Qi Tang I Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang I Tao He Cheng Qi Tang I
DA HUANG
Ba Zheng San
Gui Zhi Tang I Ge Gen Tang I Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang I Xiao Chai Hu Tang I Ban Xia Xie Xin
Tang I Wu Zhu Yu Tang I Gui Pi Tang I Gan Mai Da Zao Tang I Si Shen Wan I Su Zi Jiang
DA ZAO
Qi Tang I Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang I Ping Wei San I Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San I Wen Dan Tang I
Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang I Shi Quan Da Bu Tang
DAN DOU CHI Yin Qiao San
D
DAN SHEN Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan
DAN ZHU YE Yin Qiao San
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Xiao Yao Wan I Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang I Si Wu Tang I Gui Pi Tang I
DANG GUI Shi Quan Da Bu Tang I Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan I Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
I Wen Jing Tang I Xiao Feng San I Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang

Herbs in CA Formulas
384 HERBS

"
DENG XIN CAO Ba Zheng San
Dl LONG Xiao Huo Luo Dan
DU HUO Ren Shen Bai Du San I Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
·"""
"
DU ZHONG Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin I Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
&. E JIAO Wen Jing Tang I Zhu Ling Tang
""""" FANG FENG Xiao Feng San I Yu Ping Feng San I Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
{" FENG Ml Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan
Xiao Yao San I Si Jun Zi Tang I Shi Quan Da Bu Tang I Er Chen Tang I Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian
""
Ma Tang I Wen Dan Tang I Liu Wei Di Huang Wan I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan I Suan Zao Ren
"
Tang I Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan I Ren Shen Bai Du San I Wu Ling San I Zhu Ling Tang I Zhen
•""<
fi FU LING Wu Tang I Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang I Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San I Ban Xia Hou Po Tang I Gui Zhi
" " Fu Ling Wan I Bei Mu Gua Lou San I Bao He Wan
....................................................................................

.··
•• FU LING PI : Wu Pi San
FU SHEN : Gui Pi Tang I Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
I···· ..·
FU XIAO MAl Gan Mai Da Zao Tang

.... FU Zl Si Ni Tang I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan I Zhen Wu Tang

Sang Ju Yin I Yin Qiao San I Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang I Ren Shen Bai Du San I Tiao Wei Cheng Qi
Tang I Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Suan Zao Ren Tang I Gan Mai Da Zao Tang I Ding Chuan

. Tang I Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang I Wen Jing Tang I Xiao Feng San I Ba
Zheng San I Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang I Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang I Zhi Sou San

.·..
..
GANCAO
• ZHI GAN CAO : Ma Huang Tang I Gui Zhi Tang I Ge Gen Tang I Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang I
Bai Hu Tang I Xiao Chai Hu Tang I Xiao Yao San I Si Ni San I Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang I Li
·".· Zhong Wan I Si Ni Tang I Si Jun Zi Tang I Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang I Gui Pi Tang I Shi Quan
..
Da Bu Tang I Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang I Tao He Cheng Qi Tang I Ping Wei San I Huo Xiang
Zheng Qi San I Er Chen Tang I Wen Dan Tang
G
GAN JIANG Si Ni Tang I Li Zhong Wan I Da Jiang Zhong Tang
GE GEN Ge Gen Tang I Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang
GOU TENG Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
.·• GUA LOU Bei Mu Gua Lou San
.··.
GUI BAN Gu Jing Wan
Ma Huang Tang I Gui Zhi Tang I Ge Gen Tang I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan I Tao He Cheng Qi
GUI ZHI
Tang I Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan I Wen Jing Tang I Wu Ling San
II HEI ZHI MA Xiao Feng San
HONG HUA Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
Da Cheng Qi Tang I Xiao Cheng Qi Tang I Ping Wei San I Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang I Huo Xiang
HOU PO
Zheng Qi San I Ban Xia Hou Po Tang
HUA SHI Ba Zheng San I Zhu Ling Tang
HUAI NIU XI Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
H HUANG BAI Huang Lian Jie Du Tang I Gu Jing Wan
HUANG LIAN Huang Lian Jie Du Tang I Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang
HUANG Ql Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang I Gui Pi Tang I Shi Quan Da Bu Tang I Yu Ping Feng San
Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang I Huang Lian Jie Du Tang I Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Xiao Chai Hu Tang I
HUANG QIN
Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang I Gu Jing Wan I Ding Chuan Tang I Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
HUO XIANG Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San
Sang Ju Yin I Yin Qiao San I Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang I Ren Shen Bai Du San I Tian Wang Bu Xin
JIE GENG
Dan I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang I Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San I Bei Mu Gua Lou San I Zhi Sou San
JIN YIN HUA Yin Qiao San
J JING JIE Yin Qiao San I Xiao Feng San I Zhi Sou San
JING Ml {GENG Mt) Bai Hu Tang
JU HUA Sang Ju Yin
KU SHEN Xiao Feng San
K
KUAN DONG HUA Ding Chuan Tang

Herbs in CA Formulas
 HERBS 385

LAI FU Zl Bao He Wan

LIAN QIAO Sang Ju Yin I Yin Qiao San I Bao He Wan
L LONG DAN CAO Long Dan Xie Gan Tang
LONG VAN ROU Gui Pi Tang
LU GEN Sang Ju Yin I Yin Qiao San
MAHUANG Ma Huang Tang I Ge Gen Tang I Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang I Ding Chuan Tang
MAl MEN DONG Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan I Wen Jing Tang
MAl VA Bao He Wan
MANG XIAO Da Cheng Qi Tang I Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang I Tao He Cheng Qi Tang
M MO VAO Xiao Huo Luo Dan
Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang I Liu Wei Di Huang Wan I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan I Wen Jing Tang I Gui
MU DAN PI
Zhi Fu Ling Wan
MU TONG Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Ba Zheng San I Xiao Feng San
MU XIANG Gui Pi Tang
N NIU BANG Zl Yin Qiao San I Xiao Feng San
QIAN HU Ren Shen Bai Du San I Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang
QIANG HUO Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang I Ren Shen Bai Du San
Q QIN JIAO Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
QING HAO Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang
QU MAl Ba Zheng San
Ren Shen Bai Du San I Xiao Chai Hu Tang I Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang I Li Zhong Wan I Wu Zhu
Yu Tang I Da Jian Zhong Tang I Si Jin Zi Tang I Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang I Sheng Mai San I Gui
REN SHEN
Pi Tang I Shi Quan Da Bu Tang I Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan I Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang I Wen Jing
Tang I Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
R
ROU DOU KOU Si Shen Wan
ROU GUI Shi Chuan Da Bu Tang I Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang I Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang I (Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan )
RU XIANG Xiao Huo Luo Dan
SANG BAI PI Ding Chuan Tang I Wu Pi San
SANG Jl SHENG Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
SANG VE Sang Ju Yin
SHAN VAO Liu Wei Di Huang Wan I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
SHAN ZHA Bao He Wan
SHAN ZHU VU Liu Wei Di Huang Wan I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
SHEN QU Bao He Wan I Vue Ju W an
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
SHENG Dl HUANG
I Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan I Xiao Feng San I Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
Gui Zhi Tang I Ge Gen Tang I Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang I Ren Shen Bai Du San I Xiao Chai Hu
s Tang I Wu Zhu Yu Tang I Gui Pi Tang I Si Shen Wan I Ban Xia Huo Po Tang I Su Zi Jiang Qi
Tang I Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang I Wen Jing Tang I Ping Wei San I Huo Xiang Zheng Qi Tang I Zhen
SHENG JIANG Wu Tang I Er Chen Tang I W en Dan Tang I Ban Xia Bai Zhu Ti an Ma Tang I Shi Quan Da Bu
Tang

••
SHENG JIANG PI : Wu Pi San
W EI JIANG : Xiao Yao Wan
SHENG MA Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang
SHI GAO Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang I Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang I Bai Hu Tang I Xiao Feng San
SHI JUE MING Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
SHU Dl HUANG Si Wu Tang I Shi Quan Da Bu Tang I Liu Wei Di Huang W an I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
su Zl (ZI su Zl) Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang I Ding Chuan Tang
SUAN ZAO REN Gui Pi Tang I Suan Zao Ren Tang I Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan

H e rbs in CA Formulas
386 HERBS

TAO REN Tao He Cheng Qi Tang I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang I Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan
TIAN HUA FEN Bei Mu Gua Lou San
T TIAN MA Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin I Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang
TIAN MEN DONG Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan
TIAN NAN XING Xiao Huo Luo Dan
WU MEl Er Chen Tang
w WU WEI Zl Sheng Mai San I Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan I Si Shen Wan
WU ZHU YU Wu Zhu Yu Tang I Si Shen Wan I Wen Jing Tang
XI XIN Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
XIANG FU Vue Ju Wan I Gu Jing Wan
X
XING REN Ma Huang Tang I Sang Ju Yin I Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang I Ding Chuan Tang
XUAN SHEN Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan
YE JIAO TENG Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
VI MU CAO Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
y
VI TANG Da Jian Zhong Tang
YUAN ZHI Gui Pi Tang I Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan

ZE XIE
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Liu Wei Di Huang Wan I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan I Wu Ling San I
Zhu Ling Tang
ZHI KE Ren Shen Bai Du San I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
ZHI MU Bai Hu Tang I Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang I Xiao Feng San I Suan Zao Ren Tang
ZHI SHI Da Cheng Qi Tang I Xiao Cheng Qi Tang I Si Ni San I Wen Dan Tang
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang I Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Vue Ju Wan I Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin I Ba
z ZHI Zl
Zheng San
ZHU LING Wu Ling San I Zhu Ling Tang
ZHU RU Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang I Wen Dan Tang
ZHU SHA Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan
Zl SU YE Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San I Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang I Ban Xia Hou Po Tang
Zl WAN Zhi Sou San

Herbs in CA Formulas
 HERBS 387

D. Bai Zhu

HERB PRACTICE QUESTIONS 7 . What processing can reduce Ma Huang's damaging Yin
effect?
A. Cook short time
1. DISPERSE WIND-COLD B. Calcining
C. Frying with rice wine
D. Mix-frying with honey
• MAHUANG 1ft jl( Ephedrae Herba
• GUI ZHI ~ tt Cinnamomi Ramulus
8 . What are the properties of Gui Zhi?
• Zl SU YE ~iUt Perillae Folium A. Acrid, bitter I warm
• JING JIE ii1J
*!E. Schizonepetae Herba B. Acrid, sweet I warm
• FANG FENG 'Ji Saposhnikoviae Radix C. Sweet, bland I neutral
• QIANG HUO 5'1: i! Notopterygii Rhizoma seu Radix D. Sweet, bitter I warm
•
•
GAO BEN
BAI ZHI
•*
B 'jf
Ligustici Rhizoma
Angelicae Dahuricae Radix 9. What is the functions of Gui Zhi?
• XI XIN *Ill $ Asari Herba A. Harmonize the Ying and Wei Qi
• XIN VI HUA $~1! Magnoliae Flos B. Warms the channels and scatter Cold
• CANG ER Zl if]j:'f Xanthii Fructus C. Disperse Wind-Cold
• SHENG JIANG !t I Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens D. All of the above
• XIANG RU ~ ~ Moslae Herba
10. Which herb should be used to treat exterior
deficiency symptoms such as sweating, aversion to wind,
and fever?
1. Which Exterior condition does Ma Huang treat?
A. Ma Huang
A. Wind Heat pattern
B. Gui Zhi
B. Wind Dryness pattern
C. Huang Qi
C. W ind Cold Excess pattern
D. Fang Feng
D. Wind Cold Deficiency pattern

11 . Which herb is for a woman who suffers from

2. What is the property of Ma Huang?
dysmenorrhea due to Cold in the Blood vessel?
A. Acrid, sl bitter I neutral
A. Ma Huang
B. Acrid, sl bitter I cool
B. Gui Zhi
C. Acrid, salty I warm
C. Fang Feng
D. Acrid, sl bitter I warm
D. Sheng Jiang

3. What is the entered channels of M a Huang?

12. Which of the following herbs is not acrid and warm?
A. LU, Ll
A. Ma Huang
B. UB, ST
B. Gui Zhi
C. LU, UB
C. Bai Zhi
D. SJ, KD
D. Sheng Ma

4. Which herb can promote sweating, calm asthma, and

13. Which herb would you use for a pregnant woman
promote urination?
who has W ind-Cold?
A. Ma Huang
A. Ma Huang
B. Xiang Ru
B. Qiang Huo
C. Sang Bai Pi
C. Gao Ben
D. Hou Po
D. Zi Su Ye

5 . What are the cautions or contra-indications of using Ma

Huang?
14 . Which herb calms the fetus and moves Qi?
A. Zi Su Ye
A. Hypertension
B. Bai Zhu
B. Qi or Yin deficiency with excessive sweating
C. E Jiao
C. Asthma due to Qi deficiency
D. Ai Ye
D. all of the above

15. Which herb can harmonize the ST and calm the

6. Which herb can be used for edema due to ext erio r
fetus?
pathogens?
A. Xu Duan
A. Huang Qi
B. Du Zhong
B. Ma Huang
C. Tu Si Zi
C. Mu Tong

Quiz I 1 . Dispe rse Wind-Cold

388 HERBS

D. Zi Su Ve C. SP
D. all of the above
16. Which of the following is a correct statement?
A. Zi Su Ve harmonizes Middle and calms the fetus 25. Which herb guides other herbs to the Tai Yang and
B. Xiang Ru treats Wind-Cold-Damp in summer time DU channels?
C. Gao Ben especially treats Vertex headache A. Xi Xin
D. All of the above B. Qiang Huo
C. Bai Zhi
17. What channels do Zi Su Ve enter? D. Chai Hu
A. LU, SP
B. LV, LU 26. Which is the best herb to treat joint, shoulder, upper
C. ST, Ll back pain and especially for the upper part of the body
D. HT, LU due to Wind-Cold-Damp attack?
A. Gui Zhi
18. Which herb is appropriate for a patient who is B. Qiang Huo
suffering from a Wind-Cold attack with chest congestion C. Du Huo
due to Qi stagnation? D. Fang Feng
A. Fang Feng
B. Jing Jie 27. Which exterior-resolving herb is used for vertex
C. Zi Su Ve headache?
D. Sheng Jiang A. Qiang Huo
B. Gao Ben
19. Which herb can be used for both Wind-Cold and C. Bai Zhi
Wind-Heat patterns? D. Xi Xin
A. Qiang Huo
B. Xi Xin 28. What is the function of Gao Ben?
C. Gui Zhi A. Resolve exterior, stop nausea and vomiting
D. Jing Jie B. Resolve exterior, promote urination
C. Resolve exterior, scatter Cold, dispel Wind-Damp
20. Which exterior-resolver expels Wind, releases rashes, D. Resolve exterior, benefit the throat
and stops bleeding?
A. Jing Jie 29. Which one doesn't free the flow of the nasal orifice?
B. Fang Feng A. Bai Zhi
C. Chan Tui B. Xin Vi Hua
D. Niu Bang Zi C. Cang Er Zi
D. Fang Feng
21. Which Exterior-resolver stops bleeding when it is
charred? 30. Which Exterior-resolving herb is effective for treating a
A. Fang Feng Yang Ming headache?
B. Jing Jie A. Qiang Huo
C. Gui Zhi B. Bai Zhi
D. Xin Vi Hua C. Xi Xin
D. Man Jing Zi
22. Jing Jie and Fang Feng both _ _ _ _ __
A. Disperse Wind and relieve the exterior 31. Which herb reduces swelling, eliminates pus, and
B. Disperse Wind and eliminate Dampness opens the nasal orifice?
C. Disperse Wind and brighten the eyes A. Gao Ben
D. Disperse Wind and transform phlegm B. Xi Xin
C. Xin Vi Hua
23. Which "Diaphoretic" can expel Wind as an auxiliary D. Bai Zhi
herb to alleviate trembling of the hands and feet and
tetany? 32. What is the dosage of Xi Xin?
A. Jing Jie A. 1-3g
B. Fang Feng B. 3-6g
C. Zi Su Ve c. 6-9g
D. Qiang Huo D. 9-12g

24. Which channel does Fang Feng enter? 33. What is the regular dosage for Xi Xin?
A. UB A. No more than 1 Qian
B. LV B. No more than 2 Qian

Quiz I 1. Disperse Wind-Cold

 HERBS 389

C. No more than 3 Qian A. Zi Su Ye

D. No more than 4 Qian B. Chai Hu
C. Sheng Jiang
34. Which one is the caution or contra-indication of using D. Da Zao
Xi Xin?
A. Qi deficiency with profuse sweat 43. What is the common function of Zi Su Ye and Sheng
B. Headache due to Blood deficiency Jiang?
C. Renal problem A. Calm the fetus
D. All of the above B. Regulate chest Qi
C. Relieve fish and crab poison
35. Which of the following "Diaphoretic" can warm the D. Detoxify Ban Xan and Tian Nan Xing
LU, eliminate phlegm and open the nasal orifices?
A. Xin Vi Hua 44. What is the function of Sheng Jiang Pi?
B. Bai Zhi A. Promote sweating, relieve exterior
C. Xi Xin B. Promote urination, reduce swelling
D. Cang Er Zi C. Warm the LU, stop cough
D. Warm the Middle, stop vomiting
36. What type of asthmatic cough can be treated by Xi
Xin? 45. Which herb also known as "Summer Ma Huang"?
A. Cold-Phlegm A. Qing Hao
B. Phlegm-Heat B. Sian Dou
C. LU Qi deficiency C. He Ye
D. LU Yin deficiency D. Xiang Ru

37. What type of headache is most suitable for Xi Xin? 46. What is the common function of Ma Huang and Xiang
A. Tai Yang headache Ru?
B. Shao Yin headache A. Disperse LU Qi, stop cough
C. Yang Ming headache B. Harmonize Middle Burner and stop vomiting
D. Tai Yin headache C. Promote urination and reduce swelling
D. Clear Summer-Heat
38. Which herb disperses Wind-Cold and open the nasal
orifice? 47. Which herb is the best to treat Summer Heat attack
A. Zi Su Ye with fever, aversion to Cold, vomiting and diarrhea?
B. Gao Ben A. Jing Jie
C. Xiang Ru B. Fang Feng
D. Xin Vi Hua C. Sheng Jiang
D. Xiang Ru
39. Which herb is commonly combined with Xin Vi Hua in
order to free the flow of the nasal orifice? 48. What is the caution or contraindication of using
A. Cang Er Zi dispersing exterior herbs?
B. Jing Jie A. Lin syndrome
C. Fang Feng B. Blood deficiency
D. Zi Su Ye C. Chronic skin infection
D. All of the above
40. What type of nausea and vomiting is best treated by
Sheng Jiang? 49. Which is the powerful diaphoretic combination for
A. ST deficiency Wind-Cold exterior syndrome?
B. ST Heat A. Ma Huang + Gui Zhi
C. Food stagnation B. Ma Huang + Xing Ren
D. ST Cold C. Ma Huang + She Gan
D. Ma Huang + Shu Di Huang
41. Which acrid, warm herb reduces the toxicity of Ban
Xia and Tian Nan Xing? 50. Which combination harmonizes Defensive Qi (Wei) and
A. Da Zao Constructive Qi (Ying)?
B. Sheng Jiang A. Ma Huang + Gui Zhi
C. Gan Cao B. Gui Zhi + Bai Shao
D. Sha Ren C. Fang Feng + Huang Qi
D. Xin Vi Hua + Cang Er Zi
42. Which "Diaphoretic" harmonizes the constructive and
defensive Qi and reduces the toxicity of other herbs? 51. Zi Su Ye can be combined with which herb in order

Quiz I 1. Disperse Wind-Cold

390 HERBS

to resolve the exterior, regulate Qi, warm the Middle and

transform turbid Dampness? 2. DISPERSE WIND-HEAT
A. Bo He
B. Huo Xiang
C. Sheng Jiang • BO HE it f,1j Menthae Haplocalycis Herba

D. Da Zao • NIU BANG Zl *:!81'- Arctii Fructus

• CHAN TUI !l!i! !lt Cicadae Periostracum
52. Which combination secures the exterior, strengthens • SANG YE ~ ~ Mori Folium
Wei Qi and dispel external evils? • JU HUA ~ 1E Chrysanthemi Flos
A. Fang Feng + Jing Jie • MAN JING Zl JUH Viticis Fructus
B. Fang Feng + Huang Qi • DAN DOU CHI iitlli~ Sojae Semen Preparatum
C. Gui Zhi + Bai Shao • MU ZEI
* !Ia\ Equiseti Hiemalis herba
D. Zi Su Ve + Huo Xiang • CHAI HU ~ i';.ll Bupleuri Radix
• SHENG MA 7t a Cimicifugae Rhizoma
53. Which combination dispels Wind-Cold-Damp and treats • GE GEN l! ~~ Puerariae Radix
the Bi syndrome over the whole body?
A. Xi Xin + Sheng Di Huang
B. Qiang Huo + Ju Hua 1. What is the proper way to cook Bo He?
C. Qiang Huo + Du Huo A. Cook it longer than other herbs
D. Zi Su Ve + Xiang Fu B. Cook it together with other herbs
C. Add in last 5 minutes
54. Which combination dispels Wind, disperses LU Qi and D. Crush and use coffee filter
opens the nasal passages?
A. Ma Huang + Gui Zhi
2. What is the function of Bo He?
B. Xin Vi Hua + Cang Er Zi
A. Soothe LV Qi
C. Qiang Huo + Du Huo
B. Benefit the throat
D. Sheng Jiang + Da Zao
C. Promote eruption
D. All of the above
55. Which herb can disperse Wind-Damp and open the
nasal orifice?
3. Which of the following herb is best for external
A. Qiang Huo
contraction of Wind-Heat with cough, phlegm and sore
B. Xin Vi Hua
throat?
C. Cang Er Zi
A. Dan Dou Chi
D. Du Huo
B. Niu Bang Zi
C. Chai Hu
D. Man Jing Zi

4. What is the function of Niu Bang Zi?

A. Encourage rashes out
B. Disinhibit the throat
C. Moisten the intestines
D. All of the above

5. Which herb disperses Wind-Heat and stops convulsions?

A. Bo He
B. Chan Tui
C. Man Jing Zi
D. Sang Ve

6. Which herb can dispel Wind, stop tremor, and brighten

the eyes?
A. Bo He
B. Chan Tui
C. Chai Hu
D. Ge Gen

7. Which herb disperses exterior pathogens and also

extinguishes internal LV Wind?
A. Chan Tui
B. Di Long

Quiz I 2. Disperse Wind-Heat

 HERBS 391

C. Bo He A. Sheng Jiang
D. Sang Ye B. Ge Gen
C. Chai Hu
8. Which herb can disperse Wind-Heat and clear LV Heat D. Niu Bang Zi
causing redness and pain in the eyes?
A. Sang Ye 17. Which herb can be used to treat an external
B. Ju Hua contraction of Wind-Cold with absence of sweating but stiff
C. Bo He neck?
D. all of the above A. Ge Gen
B. Chai Hu
9. Which of the following clears the LV and brightens the C. Sheng Ma
eyes? D. Gui Zhi
A. Sang Ye
B. Sang Zhi 18. Which herb can be used for "Shaoyang disorders"?
C. Sang Shen A. Huang Qi
D. Sang Bai Pi B. Sheng Ma
C. Chai Hu
10. Which kind of Ju Hua is best for clearing Heat and D. Ge Gen
detoxifying?
A. Bai Ju Hua 19. Which channels do Chai Hu enter?
B. Ye Ju Hua A. LU LV
C. Huang Ju Hua B. LU Ll ST SP
D. Hang Ju Hua C. HT 51 UB KD
D. PC SJ GB LV
11. Which of the following are the functions of Man Jing
Zi? 20. Which of the following herb is the best for clearing
A. Dispel W-H, clear head and eyes Heat?
B. Dispel W-H, moisten intestine A. Man Jing Zi
C. Dispel W-H, clear toxic Heat B. Gao Ben
D. Dispel W-H, eliminate phlegm C. Mu Zei
D. Chai Hu
12. Which herb can relieve the exterior and also relieve
irritability? 21. What is the contraindication of Chai Hu?
A. Ma Huang A. Yin deficiency with LV Yang rising
B. Dan Dou Chi B. Shao Yang disorder
C. Sang Ye C. LV Qi stagnation
D. Zhi Zi D. Uterine prolapse

13. Which one does not brighten the eyes? 22. Common function of Ge Gen and Chai Hu?
A. Mu Zei A. Promote eruption
B. Sang Ye B. Raise Yang Qi
C. Ju Hua C. Generate body fluid
D. Sheng Ma D. Soothe LV and relieve stagnation

14. Which herb remove screens from the eyes? 23. Chai Hu and Sheng Ma both _ _ _ __
A. Ju Hua A. Relieve exterior, soothe LV Qi
B. Mu Zei B. Relieve exterior, clear Heat and detoxify
C. Sang Ye C. Relieve exterior, raise the Yang Qi
D. Chan Tui D. Relieve exterior, promote eruption

15. Which herb can raise Yang and is used to treat 24. Which exterior-resolver is most often used in clinical
dysentery caused by Damp-Heat, and diarrhea caused by practice to soothe the LV Qi for emotional disturbance?
SP deficiency? A. Chai Hu
A. Huang Qi B. Xiang Fu
B. Sheng Ma C. Mai Ya
C. Chai Hu D. Qing Pi
D. Ge Gen
25. What is the function of Chai Hu?
16. Which exterior-relieving herb can relieve various types A. Tonify the LV
of diarrhea? B. Clear the LV

Quiz I 2. Disperse Wind-Heat

392 HERBS

C. Anchor the LV
D. Soothe the LV 3. CLEAR & PURGE HEAT

26. When used to upbear Yang, Chai Hu is usually

prescribed? • SHI GAO :q 'It Gypsum Fibrosum

A. Does not matter • ZHI MU ~ llt Anemarrhenae Rhizoma

B. In its usual dose • TIAN HUA FEN ?<::fEffl Trichosanthis Radix

C. In a larger dose than usual • LU GEN ii: ~Ji! Phragmitis Rhizoma
D. In a smaller dose than usual • DAN ZHU YE j~t'J~ Laphatheri Herba
• ZHI Zl ~ T- Gardeniae Fructus
27. Which of the following is not a "Diaphoretics" that is • XIA KU CAO :l[f,l;:ljl: Prunellae Spica
acrid and cool? • JUE MING Zl ~IJJH Cassiae Semen
A. Chai Hu
B. Ge Gen
C. Zi Su Ye 1. Which type of Heat can be cleared by herbs in the
D. Bo He Heat clearing category?
A. External Heat
28. Which of the following herbs dispels Wind, clears B. Internal Heat
Heat, and resolves toxins? C. Neither A. nor B.
A. Sheng Ma & Niu Bang Zi D. Both A. and B.
B. Chai Hu & Ge Gen
C. Ju Hua & Chan Tui 2. What channels do Shi Gao enter?
D. Sang Ye & Ju Hua A. LU, Ll
B. LU, ST
29. Which herb can be used to treat an external C. LU, UB
contraction of Wind-Cold with absence of sweating but stiff D. LU, KD
neck?
A. Ge Gen + Ma Huang 3. What is the function of Shi Gao?
B. Chai Hu + Ma Huang A. Clear Heat, purge Fire
C. Sheng Ma + Ma Huang B. Clear Heat, cool Blood
D. Gui Zhi + Ma Huang C. Clear Heat, dry Dampness
D. Clear Heat, detoxify Fire-toxin
30. Which herb combination is the best for dispelling
Wind-Heat, clear LV Heat and brighten the eyes? 4. Which of following herb is the best for toothache with
A. Ma Huang + Gui Zhi a ST Fire symptom?
B. Sang Ye + Ju Hua A. Sheng Di Huang
C. Chai Hu + Sheng Ma B. Xi Xin
D. Jin Yin Hua + Lian Qiao C. Shi Gao
D. Huang Lian

5. If taken internally it can purge Fire and if applied

externally, it can help heal wounds. The herb is___ .
A. Long Gu
B. Mu Li
C. Shi Gao
D. Hua Shi

6. Which herb clears both replete and vacuity Heat?

A. Huang Qin
B. Shi Gao
C. Zhi Zi
D. Zhi Mu

7. What is the function of Zhi Mu?

A. Clear Heat, purge Fire
B. Nourish Yin
C. lubricate dryness
D. All of the above

8. Which herb most commonly combins with Zhi Mu when

Quiz I 3. Clear & Purge Heat

 HERBS 393

it is used to clear Deficient Heat conditions? C. Clears Heat, moistens dryness

A. Huang Qin D. Clears Heat, eliminate Dampness
B. Huang Lian
C. Huang Bai 18. Which of the following herbs clears Heat, generates
D. Shi Gao fluids, and treats LU abscess?
A. Gua Lou
9. What processing can increase Zhi Mu's downbearing B. Lu Gen
nature? C. Dan Zhu Ye
A. Stir-fried in wine D. Zhi Mu
B. Stir-fried in vinegar
C. Stir-fried in salty water 19. Which herb can clear LU and ST Heat and promote
D. Mix-fried with honey urination?
A. Shi Gao
10. What is the common function of Shi Gao & Zhi Mu? B. Zhi Mu
A. Moisten intestines C. Lu Gen
B. Clear Deficient Heat D. Xia Ku Cao
C. Nourish Yin and generate fluids
D. Clear Heat and purge Fire 20. Which herb can clear Heat, generate fluids and stop
vomiting?
11. Which herb clears Heat from the LU and ST? A. Tian Hua Fen
A. Shi Gao B. Lu Gen
B. Zhi Mu C. Sheng Jiang
C. Lu Gen D. Ban Xia
D. All of the above
21. Which herb can lower cholesterol level?
12. Which herb do you choose in order to clear Heat, A. Ge Gen
resolve irritability, cools the Blood and stop bleeding? B. Shan Zha
A. Shan Zhi Zi C. Jue Ming Zi
B. Huang Qin D. All of the above
C. Shi Gao
D. Zhi Mu 22. Which part of Gua Lou (Trichosanthes) is best used in
order to generate fluids?
13. Which herb can clear Heat and relieve irritability? A. Quan Gua Lou
A. Zhi Zi B. Gua Lou Ren
B. Huang Lian C. Gua Lou Pi
C. Lian Qiao D. Tian Hua Fen (= Gua Lou Gen)
D. all of the above
23. Which herb can clear Heat reduce swelling, dispel pus,
14. What is the tropism of Zhi Zi? and generate body fluids?
A. Upper Burner A. Tian Hua Fen
B. Middle Burner B. Ban Xia
C. Lower Burner C. Zhe Bei Mu
D. Three Burner D. Xia Ku Cao

15. Which herb enters the SJ channel? 24. Which herb is contraindicated for pregnancy?
A. Zhi Zi A. Tian Hua Fen
B. Chi Hu B. Zhu Ru
C. Xiang Fu C. Sha Ren
D. All of the above D. Zi Su Ye

16. Which herb is best for patient who has fever,

irritability, thirst, and dysuria?
A. Shi Gao
B. Xia Ku Cao
C. Dan Zhu Ye
D. Jue Ming Zi

17. Which is the function of Xia Ku Cao?

A. Clears Heat, cools the Blood
B. Clears Heat, scatters nodule, lower blood pressure

Quiz I 3. Clear & Purge Heat

394 HERBS

A. Swollen, painful, dry throat

4. CLEAR BLOOD HEAT B. Lump or lipoma due to Phlegm Fire
C. Warm disease, Heat in the Blood causing purpura
D. All of the above
• SHUI NIU JIAO :>j<.!:joftl Bubali Cornu
• SHENG Dl HUANG j:ijj!Jii Rehmanniae Radix
9. What is the suitable indication for Sheng Di Huang and
• XUAN SHEN 1'.: v Scrophulariae Radix
Xuan Shen?
• MU DAN PI ~fj-g;. Moutan Cortex A. Boils and swelling, scrofula and sore throat
• Zl CAO ;lli; :!tt Arnebiae/lithospermi Radix B. Excess Heat in the Qi stage
C. Heat in the Ying stage, dry mouth and red tongue
D. Jaundice due to Damp-Heat
1. Which herb can be substituted for Xi Jiao?
A. Yang Jiao (Caprae) 10. Which two herbs not only clear Blood-Heat but also
B. Lu Jiao (Cervi) move the Blood?
C. Shui Niu Jiao (Bubali) A. Sheng Di, Xuan Shen
D. Niu Huang (Calculis Bovis) B. Yin Hua, Lian Qiao
C. Huang Qin, Huang Lian
2. Which Di Huang (Rehmannia) should be used in order D. Mu Dan Pi, Chi Shao
to cool the Blood?
A. Sheng Di Huang 11. Which one can clear both Excess and Deficient Heat?
B. Shu Di Huang A. Zhi Shi
C. All of the above B. Zhi Gan Cao
D. None of the above C. Zhi Mu
D. Zhi Zi
3. Which herb can clear Blood-Heat, nourish Yin and
generate body fluids? 12. Which herb is common in Sang Ju Yin and Yin Qiao
A. Sheng Di Huang San?
B. Xuan Shen A. Sang Ye
C. All of the above B. Ju Hua
D. None of the above C. Jin Yin Hua
D. Lian Qiao
4 . What herb is the best during febrile disease, if Heat
has entered the Yin stage, body Heat with dry mouth, and 13. All the Heat clearing herbs should be used carefully
red tongue? for _ _ __ _
A. Sheng Di Huang A. Heat in the Qi level
B. Shu Di Huang B. Heat in the Blood level
C. Mu ban Pi C. Heat complicated with Damp
D. Zhi Zi D. SP and ST Deficient Cold

5. Which herb can activate Blood, remove stasis, and also

clear Deficient Heat? 14. What herb is best for a patient who is suffering from
A. Di Gu Pi severe Heat-Toxin, with an inability of dark-purple rashes
B. Chi Shao to erupt?
C. Mu Dan Pi A. Niu Bang Zi
D. Yu Jin B. Bo He
C. Ge Gen
6. What is the reason that Mu Dan Pi is added to Liu D. Zi Cao
Wei Di Huang Wan?
A. Drains SP Fire 15. Which is not in the clear Blood-Heat group?
B. Drains KD Fire A. Shi Gao
C. Drains ascending LV Fire B. Sheng Di Huang
D. Activate Blood C. Xuan Shen
D. Di Gu Pi
7. What are Xuan Shen's properties?
A. Sweet, acrid I cold 16. Which herb should be used with caution during
B. Sour, bitter I cold pregnancy?
C. Sweet, astringent I cold A. Dan Zhu Ye
D. Salty, sweet, bitter I cold B. Chan Tui
C. Mu Zei
8. What are the indications of Xuan Shen? D. All of the above

Quiz I 4. Clear Blood-Heat

 HERBS 395

C. Huang Bai
5. CLEAR DAMP HEAT D. Long Dan Cao

9. Which one is not commonly used to treat dysentery?

• HUANG QIN ji{ :If Scutellariae Radix
A. She Gan
• HUANG LIAN N li Coptidis Rhizoma
B. Huang Qin
• HUANG BAI jl( ~ Phellodendri Cortex
C. Huang Lian
• LONG DAN CAO ~l!lil!j!: Gentianae Radix
D. Huang Bai
• KU SHEN 'iS ~ Sophorae Flavescentis Radix

10. Which is not in the "Clearing Damp-Heat" group?

A. Long Dan Cao
1. Which herb can not clear Heat and dry Dampness? B. Ku Shen
A. Huang Qin C. Huang Bai
B. Huang Lian D. Xuan Shen
C. Huang Bai
D. Huang Qi 11. The best herb to treat Damp-Heat in the ST and Ll
causing diarrhea, dysentery, and vomiting is
2. Which herb clears Damp-Heat, and quiets the fetus? A. Da Huang
A. Huang Qin B. Long Dan Cao
B. Huang Lian C. Huang Bai
C. Huang Bai D. Huang Lian
D. Shan Zhi Zi
12. What is the common function of Huang Bai and Zhi
3 . What channels do Huang Qin enter? Mu?
A. KD UB A. Clear Heat and dry Damp
B. HT ST Ll LV B. Clear Heat and purge Fire
C. UB HT LV Ll 51 c. Clear both Excess and Deficient Heat
D. LU Ll GB ST D. Nourish Yin and generate fluids

4 . Which one do you choose for restless fetus due to 13. Which herb can especially clear Damp-Heat from LV
Heat? and GB channels?
A Zi Su Ye A. Huang Qin
B. Huang Qin B. Huang Lian
C. Bai Zhu C. Huang Bai
D. Sha Ren D. Long Dan Cao

5 . Which herb is your first choice for LU Heat causing 14. What is the condition for using Long Dan Cao?
cough? A. Diarrhea due to SP and ST deficiency
A. Huang Qin B. Acid regurgitation due to ST Heat
B. Huang Lian C. Dysentery due to toxic Heat
C. Xia Ku Cao D. Vaginal discharge and itching due to Damp-Heat
D. Long Dan Cao
15. Which herb is the best to clear Heat, dry Damp, and
6 . What are the entering channels for Huang Lian? purge LV Fire?
A. LU L1 GB ST A. Long Dan Cao
B. HT ST Ll LV B. Ku Shen
C. KD UB C. Huang Lian
D. LV GB ST D. Huang Bai

7 . Which herb can clear Heat and dry Dampness, 16. Common function of Xia Ku Cao and Long Dan Cao?
especially from the HT and ST? A. Clear HT
A. Long Dan Cao B. Clear LU
B. Huang Qin C. Clear LV
C. Huang Lian D. Clear ST
D. Huang Bai
17. Which has disperse Wind and kill parasites function?
8 . Which herb can clear Damp-Heat especially in the A. Ku Shen
Lower Burner and clear fever due to Yin deficiency? B. Long Dan Cao
A. Huang Qin C. Shi Gao
B. Huang Lian D. Zhi Mu

Quiz I 5 . Clear Da m p -Heat

396 HERBS

18. What is the function of Ku Shen? 6. CLEAR TOXIC HEAT

A. Clear Heat, dry Dampness
B. Promote urination
C. Dispel Wind and parasites • JIN YIN HUA ±1&1£ Lonicerae Flos

D. All of the above • LIAN QIAO ll ~ Forsythiae Fructus

• SHE GAN M 'F Belamcandae Rhizoma

19. What is the common function of long Dan Cao and • BAN LAN GEN ;t&l!Hf> lsatidis/Baphicacanthis Radix

Ku Shen? • SHAN DOU GEN lll :IH!> Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix

A. Clear Heat and purge Fire • TU FU LING ±tli:* Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma
B. Clear Blood Heat • PU GONG VING iifi0:1€ Taraxaci Herba
C. Clear Damp Heat • BAI JIANG CAO l&Mff:!\!: Patriniae Herba
D. Clear Deficient Heat • HE VE ?iii ~ Nelumbinis Folium

20. Which one is not incompatible with li lu?

A. Ku Shen 1. What are the properties of Jin Yin Hua?
B. Ban Xia A. Acrid, bitter I sl cold
C. Xi Xin B. Bitter I cold
D. Bai Shao C. Sour I cold
D. Sweet I cold
21. What is the indication of Ku Shen?
A. Cough 2. Which herb is best to clear Heat in the HT, and also
B. Skin disease and genital sores disperse stagnation?
C. Irritability due to Heat A. Jin Yin Hua
D. Diarrhea due to SP deficiency B. Xuan Shen
C. Xia Ku Cao
22. What are the common taste and temperature of D. Lian Qiao
clearing Damp-Heat herbs?
A. Bitter I cold
3. Which herb is the best for Heat invading the PC
B. Sweet I cold causing Shen disturbance?
C. Sour I cold A. Jin Yin Hua
D. Salty I cold B. Lian Qiao
C. Huang Lian
23. What is the property of the king herb in long Dan D. Gan Cao
Xie Gan Tang?
A. Bitter I warm I LV GB ST
4. What herb is for various types of swelling due to
B. Bitter I cold I LV GB ST
poisoning, scrofula and nodules caused by Toxic-Heat?
C. Bitter I warm I HT GB ST A. Huang Qi
D. Bitter I cold I HT GB ST B. Lian Qiao
C. Bai Zhi
24. What herb can be combined to Huang lian for the D. Tian Hua Fen
lack of interaction between the HT and KD?
A. Rou Gui
5. Which herb does not benefit the throat?
B. Mu Xiang A. She Gan
C. Da Huang B. Ban Lan Gen
D. Huang Qin C. Shan Dou Gen
D. Pu Gong Ying
25. What is the general caution for clearing Heat herbs
that are bitter and cold?
6. Which herb can be used to prevent viral epidemics?
A. SP and ST Deficient Cold A. Ge Gen
B. Blood Heat B. Ban Lan Gen
C. Damp Heat C. Jin Yin Hua
D. Toxic Heat D. Lian Qiao

7. Which is not correct?

A. Pu Gong Ying - use for breast abscess
B. Bai Jiang Cao - use for intestinal abscess
C. Tu Fu Ling - use for syphilis
D. She Gan - use for pregnancy

Quiz I 6. Clear Toxic-Heat

 HERBS 397

8. Which herb does not promote lactation?

A. Dong Kui Zi 7. CLEAR DEFICIENT HEAT
B. Pu Gong Ying
C. Mu Tong
• QJNG HAO ll!' :1> Artemisiae Annuae Herba
D. Dan Dou Chi
• Dl GU PI ill!~$: Lycii Cortex

9. Pu Gong Ying can clear Heat-Toxin and • BAI WEI B jlfj Cynanchi Atrati Radix

A. Eliminate Dampness
B. Used for breast abscess
C. Promote lactation 1. Which "Clear Deficient Heat" herb can clear Summer-
D. All of the above Heat and stop malaria?
A. He Ye
10. What is the main indication for Bai Jiang Cao? B. Bian Dou
A. Stomach pain due to stomach Cold C. Qing Hao
B. Abdominal pain due to intestinal abscess D. Qiang Huo
C. Nausea and vomiting due to SP deficiency
D. Headache due to Blood deficiency 2. Which herb checks malarial disorder?
A. Chai Hu
11. Which herb benefits throat and dissolves Hot-Phlegm? B. Qing Hao
A. Shan Dou Gen C. Cao Guo
B. Ban Lan Gen D. all of the above
C. Bo He
D. She Gan 3. Which of the following functions are common to both
Mu Dan Pi and Di Gu Pi?
12. Which herb can detoxify, eliminate Dampness, and A. Clear Toxic Heat
benefit the joints? B. Clear Deficient Heat
A. Jin Yin Hua C. Clear Damp Heat
B. Pu Gong Ying D. Activate Blood
C. Tu Fu Ling
D. Fu Ling 4. Which herb can cool the Blood, reduce Deficient Heat,
and purge LU Heat?
13. Which is the most commonly combined herb with Jin A. Di Gu Pi
Yin Hua in order to clear Heat-Toxins? B. Mu Dan Pi
A. Lian Qiao C. Bai Wei
B. Huang Bai D. Qing Hao
C. Shi Gao
D. Sheng Di Huang 5. What is not the function of Bai Wei?
A. Clear Deficient Heat
14. Which combination can be used in the 4 stages of B. Promote urination
Wen Bing (warm febrile disease)? C. Relieve toxicity, reduce swelling
A. Shi Gao + Zhi Mu D. Moisten the intestine
B. Ban Lan Gen + Xuan Shen
C. Qing Hao + Bie Jia
D. Jin Yin Hua + Lian Qiao

15. Which herb can clear Summer Heat, also raise the SP
Yang and stop bleeding?
A. He Ye
B. Bian Dou
C. Qing Hao
D. Huang Qi

Quiz I 7. Clear Deficient-Heat

398 HERBS

D. Da Huang
8. PURGATIVES
9. Which herb is contraindicated f or nursing mother
because it enters the breast milk?
• DA HUANG *- 'Iii: Rhei Radix et Rhizoma
A. Mai Ya
• MANG XIAO c ~11i Natrii Sulfas
B. Da Huang
• lU HUI ii ii Aloe
C. Bo He
D. Dan Dou Chi

1. Which category of herbs are better to use when using 10. What is the proper way to cook Mang Xiao?
"Anthelmintic" in order to promote elimination of parasites A. Wrapped when cooking
from the body? B. Cook 30 minutes first
A. Digestive herbs C. Cook last 5 minute
B. Qi Regulator herbs D. Dissolve into the strained decoction
C. Clearing Heat herbs
D. Purgative herbs 11. Which purgative can moisten dryness and soften
hardness for constipation due to Excess Heat?
2. What is Da Huang's main indication? A. Da Huang
A. Constipation due to Cold stagnation B. Lu Hui
B. Constipation due to post-partum blood deficiency C. Mang Xiao
C. Constipation due to Yin deficiency due to old age D. Hua Ma Ren
D. Constipation due to Heat stagnation
12. Which combination is the best to treat Excess Heat
3. Which herb is for jaundice due to Damp-Heat? stagnation causing dryness constipation?
A. Da Huang A. Da Huang + Mang Xiao
B. Mang Xiao B. Da Huang + Hou Po
C. Lu Hui C. Da Huang + Zhi Shi
D. Da Ji D. Da Huang + Yu Li Ren

4. Which purgative herb enters the Blood division? 13. Which herb not only purges and promotes bowel
A. Mang Xiao movements but can also clear the LV and kill parasites?
B. Da Huang A. Da Ji
C. Lu Hui B. Da Huang
D. Da Ji C. Mang Xiao
D. Lu Hui
5. If one wants to make use of Da Huang's purgative
effect, how should it be cooked?
A. Decocted in advance
B. Decocted with the other herbs as usual
C. Decocted in filter
D. No more than 10 minutes

6. Jiu Da Huang (Wine-treated Da Huang) is best for

treating _ __ _ __ _ _ __
A. Blood stagnation
B. Dysentery due to Damp-Heat
C. Boils due to Heat toxin
D. Heat stagnation causing constipation

7. To purge bowels, one should use _ _ _ __

A. Cooked Da Huang
B. Wine-prepared Da Huang
C. Charred Da Huang
D. Raw Da Huang

8. Which of the following herbs can be used to treat

amenorrhea due to Blood stasis?
A. Lu Hui
B. Yu Li Ren
C. Mang Xiao

Quiz I 8. Purgatives
 HERBS 399

9. LAXATIVES 11. DIURETICS

I· HUO MA REN Cannabis Semen • FU LING ?*: li Poria

• FU LING PI 7*:~/.li
Poriae Cutis
• VI VI REN •nH=
Coicis Semen
1. Which herb can be substituted for Huo Ma Ren to • ZHU LING M! ~.,., Polyporus
moisten the intestine? • ZE XIE if ;"f.! Alismatis Rhizoma
A. Dang Gui • DONG GUA REN ~11\1= Benincasae Semen
B. Tao Ren • HAN FANG Jl ~~Jic Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix
C. Rou Cong Rong
• YIN CHEN 00 iii Artmisiae Scopariae Herba
D. All of the above are possible
• DENG XIN CAO lil•l.':!jl: Junci Medulla

• MU TONG
* ~ Akebiae Cauris
• DONG KUI Zl ~~'f Malvae Fructus
• QU MAl Ill WI' Dianthi Herba
• BIAN XU 1i II Polygoni Avicularis Herba
• SHI WEI :0 I Pyrrosiae Folium
• CHE QIAN Zl :lliilH Plantaginis Semen
• HUA SHI iiit :0 Talcum
• Dl FU Zl ii!!•.:r Kochiae Fructus
•
•
Bl XIE
•
~ Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma
SHENG JIANG PI 1:11/.li Zingiberis Rhizomatis Cortex

1. What are properties of Fu Ling?

A. Sweet, sour I warm
B. Sweet, acrid I cool
C. Sweet, bland I neutral
D. Sweet, bitter I cold
10. CATHARTICS
2. What are the general caution or contraindication of
using diuretic herbs?
I· DA Jl Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix
A. Consumed fluid
B. Turbid urination
C. Diarrhea
1. What does Da Ji (Hb. Euphorbiae Pekinesis) do besides D. Phlegm
heavily purge?
A. Generate fluids 3. What is the function of Fu Ling?
B. Heal wounds A. Drains Dampness and transforms Phlegm
C. Reduce jaundice B. Strengthens SP and harmonizes Middle
D. Reduce swelling and disperse stagnation C. Calms the HT and quiets the spirit
D. All of the above

4. What is the common function of Fu Ling and Vi Vi

Ren?
A. Promote diuresis, drain Damp, reduce jaundice
B. Promote diuresis, drain Damp, calm Shen
C. Promote diuresis, drain Damp, eliminate pus
D. Promote diuresis, drain Damp, strengthen SP

5. Which herb strengthens the SP, drains Dampness, clears

Heat and expels pus?
A. Fu Ling
B. Vi Vi Ren
C. Tian Hua Fen
D. Jie Geng

6. Which herb treats both LU and intestinal abscesses?

Quiz I 9. Laxatives, 10. Cathartics

400 HERBS

A. Jie Geng D. Bian Xu

B. Bai Jiang Cao
C. Lu Gen 16. Which herb is best for jaundice due to Damp-Heat?
D. Vi Vi Ren A. Mu Tong
B. Ze Xie
7. Which herb is for reddish urination, irritability, C. Deng Xin Cao
ulceration in the mouth and tongue? D. Yin Chen Hao
A. Hua Shi
B. Che Qian Zi 17. Which "Diuretic" can break up Blood stasis and
C. Mu Tong promote movement of stool?
D. Di Fu Zi A. Qu Mai
B. Bian Xu
8. What is not the function of Dong Gua Ren? C. Shi Wei
A. Clear Heat and expel Phlegm D. Hua Shi
B. Discharge pus
C. Clear Heat and drain Damp 18. Which of the following herb can promote diuresis,
D. Expel Cold Damp clear Lin syndrome, kill worms and stop itching?
A. Qu Mai
9. Which herb can drain Damp and expel Wind-Damp? B. Bian Xu
A. Fu Ling C. Shi Wei
B. Zhu Ling D. Hua Shi
C. Dong Gua Ren
D. Han Fang Ji 19. Which diuretic not only clears Heat and stops
bleeding, but also clears LU, expels phlegm and stops
10. What type of Dampness is the best for Han Fang Ji? cough?
A. Cold-Damp impediment A. Qu Mai
B. Damp-Heat impediment B. Bian Xu
C. LV and KD deficiency C. Shi Wei
D. SP and ST deficiency D. Hua Shi

11. Which is not the function of Che Qian Zi? 20. Which herb drains KD Fire?
A. Clear LU, expel phlegm A. Deng Xin Cao
B. Clear LV, brighten eyes B. Fu Ling
C. Permeate Dampness, stop diarrhea C. Mu Dan Pi
D. kill parasites D. Ze Xie

12. Which herb should be wrapped during decoction? 21. Which of the following herbs is most effective for
A. Hua Shi treating skin diseases?
B. Che Qian Zi A. Bian Xu
C. Xin Vi Hua B. Dong Gua Ren
D. all of above C. Qu Mai
D. Di Fu Zi
13. Which is the best herb to treat Lin syndrome due to
Damp-Heat? 22. Which herb is the king herb for treating Gao Lin?
A. Fu Ling A. Bei Xie
B. Zhu Ling B. Hua Shi
C. Hua Shi C. Che Qian Zi
D. Ze Xie D. Shi Wei

14. Which herb not only can promote diuresis, clear Lin 23. Which herb clears HT Heat, removes irritability and
syndrome, but also promote lactation? promotes urination?
A. Wang Bu Liu Xing A. Deng Xin Cao
B. Pu Gong Ying B. Mu Tong
C. Chuan Shan Jia C. Dan Zhu Ye
D. Mu Tong D. All of above

15. Which herb can be used for dysuria with dry stool? 24. Which is not correct?
A. Qu Mai A. Bian Xu - diuretic, kills parasites
B. Deng Xin Cao B. Dong Kui Zi - diuretic, treats diarrhea
C. Dong Kui Zi C. Hua Shi - diuretic, clears Summer-Heat

Quiz /11. Diuretics

 HERBS 401

D. Qu Mai - diuretic, moves Blood stasis

12. DISPEL WIND-DAMP
25. Which herb is contraindicated for pregnancy?
A. Mu Tong
B. Che Qian Zi • DU HUO ~ ;;! Angelicae Pubescentis Radix

C. Qu Mai • WEI LING XIAN J~HIIiill Clematidis Radix

D. All of the above • HAl TONG PI ~Wil&' Erythrinae Cortex

• QIN JIAO ~ "'fi: Gent ianae Macrophyllae Radix
• MU GUA
* m Chaenomelis Fructus
• SANG ZHI ~ ~ Mori Ramulus
• XI XIAN CAO ~ii:!it Siegesbeckiae Herba
• BAI HUA SHE Bi'Ett Agkistrodon/Bungarus
• WU JIA PI Jit.JD&' Eleutherococci Gracilistyli Cortex
• SANG Jl SHENG ~'i:tjo Taxilli Herba

1. Which herb can dispel Wind-Damp and also relieve the

ext erior?
A. Qin Jiao
B. Sang Zhi
C. Du Huo
D. Wei Ling Xian

2. What channels do Du Huo enter?

A. KD, HT
B. KD, UB
C. KD, LV
D. GB, UB

3. Which herb not only expels W ind-Damp but also

resolves the exterior?
A. Du Huo
B. Qiang Huo
C. Cang Er Zi
D. All of the above

4 . Which herb is especially for pain of t he feet or lumbar

region and leg due to W ind-Cold-Damp Bi?
A. Sang Ji
B. Du Huo
C. Qiang Huo
D. Fang Feng

5. W hich herb can expel Wi nd-Damp, tonify LV & KD and

strengthen sinews and bones?
A. Chen Pi
B. Da Fu Pi
C. Sheng Jiang Pi
D. Wu Jia Pi

6. Which herb dispels Wind-Damp, clears Deficient Heat

and moistens the intestine?
A. Huang Bai
B. Bie Jia
C. Qing Hao
D. Qin Jiao

7. What is the fu nction of Qin Jiao?

A. Clear Heat from the deficiency
B. Resolve Damp and remove jaundice

Quiz I 12. Dispel Wind-Damp

402 HERBS

C. Moisten the intestine and move stool 16. What is the caution of using Mu Gua?
D. All of the above A. Food stagnation
B. Spasm and cramping of calves
8. Which herb is for Bi syndrome with Heat, red and C. Excess taking can harm the teeth and bones
swollen joints? D. Turbid Damp in the Middle
A. Qin Jiao
B. Du Huo 17. Which herb mainly treats upper extremity Wind-Damp
C. Wei Ling Xian pain?
D. Wu Jia Pi A. Sang Ve
B. Sang Shen
9. Which anti-rheumatic herb can resolve Dampness and C. Sang Bai Pi
remove jaundice? D. Sang Zhi
A. Du Huo
B. Qin Jiao 18. Which "Expel Wind-Damp" herb can calm the Shen?
C. Wei Ling Xian A. Xi Xian Cao
D. Cang Er Zi B. Bao Hua She
C. Wu Jia Pi
10. Which of the following herbs has the best effect in D. Mu Gua
opening channels and collaterals, and alleviating pain?
A. Qin Jiao 19. Which herb unblock the channels, extinguishes Wind
B. Qiang Huo and dispels Wind from the skin?
C. Du Huo A. Bai Hua She
D. Wei Ling Xian B. Wu Jia Pi
C. Xi Xian Cao
11. Which herb would you combine with Wei Ling Xian in D. Hai Tong Pi
order to treat lower extremities pain due to Wind-Damp?
A. Niu Xi 20. Which is correct?
B. Sang Zhi A. Hai Dong Pi - expel W-D, kill parasites
C. Gui Zhi B. Xi Xian Cao - expel W-D, lower blood pressure
D. Qiang Huo C. Wu Jia Pi - expel W-D, strengthen tendons/bones
D. All of the above
12. Which herb not only can dispel Wind-Damp, open
channels and collaterals, but also can treat fish bones 21. What is the common function of Du Zhong and Sang
stuck in the throat? Ji Sheng?
A. Du Huo A. Lower blood pressure
B. Bai Hua She B. Strengthen muscles and bone
C. Qin Jiao C. Calm the fetus
D. Wei Ling Xian D. All of the above

13. Which anti-rheumatic herb can treat itching skin 22. Which of the following herbs can quiet the fetus?
lesions used topically for scabies? A. Gui Ban
A. Qin Jiao B. Bie Jia
B. Mu Gua C. Bai Ji Li
C. Xi Xian Cao D. Sang Ji Sheng
D. Hai Tong Pi

14. Which herb is good for treating vomiting, diarrhea

and muscle spasms?
A. Bai Shao
B. Wu Zhu Vu
C. Ban Xia
D. Mu Gua

15. Which herb not only can soothe tendons, but open
collaterals, harmonizes ST and resolve Dampness?
A. Mu Gua
B. Xi Xian Cao
C. Bai Hua She
D. Wu Jia Pi

Quiz /12. Dispel Wind-Damp

 HERBS 403

D. Gua Lou Gen (=Tian Hua Fen)

13. DISSOLVE HOT PHLEGM
8. Which herb is good for nausea and vomiting due to ST
Heat?
• QIAN HU iltr all Peucedani Radix
A. Sheng Jiang
• CHUAN BEl MU Jlll'l.Jll: Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus
B. Zhu Ru
• ZHE BEl MU ;tfil'l_Jlj: Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus
C. Ban Xia
• GUA LOU PI JJ.\4.$: Trichosanthis Pericarpium D. Wu Zhu Yu
•
•
GUA LOU
GUA LOU REN
}).\

JJ.\41=
• Trichosanthis Fructus
Trichosanthis Semen 9. Which herb is incompatible with Hai Zao?
• ZHU RU t1 mi Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam A. Kun Bu
• HAl ZAO iii )I Sargassum B. Sheng Jiang
C. Da Zao
D. Gan Cao
1. Which herb not only descends LU Qi, expels phlegm,
but also dispels exterior Wind-Heat? 10. Which herb is incompatible with Wu Tou?
A. Qian Hu A. Bei Mu
B. Chuan Bei Mu B. Gua Lou
C. Zhe Bei Mu C. Ban Xia
D. Gua Lou D. All of the above

2. Which of the following herbs is best for cough due to

LU Yin deficiency?
A. Chuan Bei Mu
B. Zhe Bei Mu
C. Ban Xia
D. Ma Huang

3. Which herb is used in exterior Wind-Heat and

Phlegm-Fire stagnation together?
A. Chuan Bei Mu
B. Zhi Bei Mu
C. Ban Xia
D. Xuan Fu Hua

4. What is not the function of Zhe Bei Mu?

A. Transform Hot-Phlegm
B. Stop cough
C. Dissipate nodules
D. Moisten LU

5. What is common of both Zhe Bei Mu and Hai Zao?

A. Taste: salty
B. Channels: KD
C. Function: transform phlegm and scatter nodules
D. Incompatibility: incompatible with Gan Cao

6. Which herb not only clears LU and expels phlegm, but

also can lubricate intestine and disperse stagnation to open
the chest?
A. Xing Ren
B. Gua Lou
C. Zhu Ru
D. Zhe Bei Mu

7. Which part of Gua Lou (Trichosanthes) is best in order

to moisten the intestine?
A. Quan Gua Lou
B. Gua Lou Ren
C. Gua Lou Pi

Quiz I 13. Dissolve Hot-Phlegm

404 HERBS

C. Transform phlegm and promote diuresis

14. DISSOLVE COLD PHLEGM D. Transform phlegm and stop vomiting

9. Which herb descends ST Qi and stops vomiting?

• TIAN NAN XING ?<:~£ Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum
A. Jie Geng
• BAN XIA
* ~ Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum
B. Xuan Fu Hua
• XUAN FU HUA lilE!Iit lnulae Flos C. Chai Hu
• BAI QIAN B WI Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma D. Sheng Ma
• BAI JIE Zl 831'-T Sinapis Semen
• JIE GENG ~6 ~f Platycodi Radix 10. How do you cook Xuan Fu Hua?
A. Cook 30 minute longer
B. Cook last 5 minutes
1. What is the function of Ban Xia? C. Mixed with other herbs
A. Dry Damp and transform phlegm D. Wrapped
B. Descend ST Qi and stop vomiting
C. Dissipate nodule and reduce swelling 11. What is common of both Bai Qian and Qian Hu?
D. All of the above A. Dissipate nodules
B. Disperse Wind-Cold
2. What is the property of Ban Xia? C. Disperse Wind-Heat
A. Acrid I warm, toxic I LU SP ST D. Descend Qi and expel phlegm
B. Acrid I warm I LU SP ST
C. Acrid I cool, toxic I SP ST 12. Which herb is best for treating aching and numbness
D. Acrid I cool I LU sensation of the extremities and joints?
A. Bai Jie Zi
3. Which of the following herb is the most effective in B. Bei Mu
treating Damp and Phlegm? C. Xuan Fu Hua
A. Bei Mu D. Ban Xia
B. Ban Xia
C. Tian Nan Xing 13. Which herb has a special function of directing Qi
D. Dan Nan Xing upward, benefiting the throat, venti lating the LU and
expelling phlegm?
4. Which herb can treat phlegm stagnation in the chest A. Jie Geng
and goiter & scrofula? B. Xuan Fu Hua
A. Ban Xia C. Xing Ren
B. Tian Nin Xing D. Zi Su Zi
C. Xuan Fu Hua
D. Bai Jie Zi 14. Which herb is the best to treat cough with copious
sputum, or chest congestion, sore throat or loss of voice?
5. Which herbs are often combined with Ban Xia to treat A. Niu Bang Zi
Damp and Phlegm? B. Chan Tui
A. Cang Zhu, Bai Zhu C. Ban Xia
B. Chen Pi, Fu Ling D. Jie Geng
C. Hou Po, Sha Ren
D. Sha Ren, Yi Yi Ren 15. What herb is used for LU abscess with excessive
amount of sputum?
6. Which herb is effective in treating Wind -Phlegm? A. Ban Xia
A. Tian Nan Xing B. Lu Gen
B. Dan Nan Xing C. Jie Geng
C. Bai Jie Zi D. Zhu Ru
D. All of the above
16. What are the properties of Jie Geng?
7. Which is incompatible with Ban Xia? A. Bitter, acrid I neutral
A. Fu Zi B. Bitter, acrid I warm
B. Chuan Wu C. Bitter, acrid I cool
C. Cao Wu D. Bitter, sweet I neutral
D. All of the above
17. What is the contraindication for Jie Geng?
8. What is the common function of Ban Xia & Zhu Ru? A. Sore throat
A. Transform phlegm and disperse stagnation B. Hemoptysis
B. Transform phlegm and soothe LV C. Pus
D. Phlegm in the LU

Quiz I 14. Dissolve Cold-Phlegm

 HERBS 405

A. Shi Gao
15. STOP COUGH/WHEEZING B. Zhi Mu
C. Sang Bai Pi
D. Huang Qin
• XING REN
* f= Armeniacae Semen
• Zl SU Zl ~iiH· Perillae Fructus
9. What is the common channel of "Transforming Phlegm"
• Zl WAN ~ ~ Asteris Radix
and "Stop Cough" category herbs?
• KUAN DONG HUA ~~l'E Farfarae Flos
A. LU
• BAI BU s llll Stemonae Radix
B. SP
• PI PAVE ~!t*l'! ~ Eriobotryae Folium C. KD
• SANG BAI PI ~8$: Mori Cortex D. LV

1. Which herb moisten the intestines?

A. Xing Ren
B. Su Zi
C. Gua lou Ren
D. All of the above

2. Which herb must be used cautiously for infants?

A. Xing Ren
B. Zi Su Ye
C. Huo Xiang
D. Gan Cao

3. Zi Su Zi is used for _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
A. Cough with copious phlegm
B. Stifling sensation in the chest
C. Constipation
D. All of the above

4. What is the common function of Zi Wan and Kuan

Dong Hua?
A. Clear LU, stop cough, expel phlegm
B. Moisten LU, stop cough, expel phlegm
C. Astringe LU, stop cough, expel phlegm
D. Purge LU, stop cough, expel phlegm

5. Common function of Zhu Ru and Pi Pa Ve is

A. Descend ST Qi and stop vomiting
B. Clear Heat and remove irritability
C. Kill parasites and stop itching
D. Moisten intestine

6. Which herb lubricates the LU, stops cough and kills

parasites and worms?
A. Zi Wan
B. Kuan Dong Hua
C. Xing Ren
D. Bai Bu

7. Which herb is warm and moistening, but is not dry or

greasy and can stop coughing and asthma?
A. Zi Wan
B. Kuan Dong Hua
C. Bai Bu
D. All of t he above

8. Which of the following herbs is most effect ive in

purging LU Heat and calming asthma?

Quiz I 15. Stop Cough

406 HERBS

8. Which herb can treat Damp obstruction causing Qi

16. AROMATICS for DAMP stagnation?
A. Cang Zhu
B. Hou Po
• HUO XIANG fl if Pogostemonis/Agastaches Herb
C. Zi Su Ye
• CANG ZHU I 7ft Atractylodis Rhizoma D. Mu Xiang
• HOU PO fff- *~ Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex
• BAI DOU KOU a lUI! Amomi Fructus Rotundus 9. What channels do Hou Po enter?
• SHA REN li'J> 1:: Amomi Fructus A. LU
• CAO DOU KOU :l\l:lilil Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen B. Ll
• CAO GUO :!;!:
* Tsaoko Fructus C. SP ST
D. All of the above

1. What is common channel of "Aromatics to transform 10. Which herb can be used for reducing the greasy,
Dampness" category herbs? heavy quality of tonic herbs?
A. LU Ll A. Sha Ren
B. SP ST B. Chen Pi
C. HT 51 C. Mu Xiang
D. KD UB D. All of the above

2. Which herb should be chosen for a patient who has 11. Sha Ren mainly treats _ _ _ _ _ __
aversion to Cold, fever, chest congestion, vomiting and A. Diarrhea due to Summer-Heat Dampness
diarrhea, greasy tongue coating? B. Diarrhea due to Heat-toxins
A. Xiang Ru C. Diarrhea due to SP Coldness
B. Cang Zhu D. Diarrhea due to food stagnation
C. Zi Su Ye
D. Huo Xiang 12. What is the common function of Bai Dou Kou, Sha
Ren and Cao Dou Kou?
3. Which group of herbs eliminates Dampness and clears A. Resolve Dampness and regulate Qi
Summer-Heat? B. Warm the Middle Burner
A. Chen Pi, Qing Pi C. Stop vomiting
B. Cang Zhu, Hou Po D. All of the above
C. Sha Ren, Bai Dou Kou
D. Huo Xiang, Bai Bian Dou 13. Which of the following herbs should be added near
the end during the decoction period?
4. Which herb not only driness Dampness, strengthens the A. Bai Dou Kou
SP, but also relieves exterior and promotes sweating? B. Sha Ren
A. Cang Zhu C. Cao Dou Kou
B. Hou Po D. All of the above
C. Sha Ren
D. Cao Dou Kou 14. Which herb stops nausea and vomiting?
A. Huo Xiang
5. Which is not the function of Cang Zhu? B. Bai Dou Kou
A. Strongly dry Damp and strengthen SP C. Ban Xia
B. Improve vision and expel Wind-Damp D. All of the above
C. Nourish Yin for Yin Deficient Heat
D. Induce sweating for exterior condition 15. Which of the "Transform Damp" herbs can regulate
the Qi and calm the fetus?
6. What is the function of Hou Po? A. Sha Ren
A. Regulate Qi B. Sang Ji Sheng
B. Dry Dampness C. Bai Zhu
C. Calm asthma D. Huang Qin
D. All of the above
16. Which herb treats malaria?
7. What is the taste and temperature of Hou Po? A. Chai Hu
A. Acrid, bitter I warm, aromatic B. Qing Hao
B. Acrid, sweet I warm C. Cao Guo
C. Acrid, sour I warm, aromatic D. All of the above
D. Bitter, sour I cool
17. Which anti-malarial herb can warm the Middle Burner

Quiz I 16. Aromatics for Damp

 HERBS 407

and dry Dampness?

A. Chai Hu 17. DIGESTIVES
B. Qing Hao
C. Cao Guo
D. Zhi Mu • SHAN ZHA tlJ 'ill' Crataegi Fructus
• MAl VA WI' ~ Hordei Fructus Germinatus
18. What is the general caution for using "Aromatics to • GU VA s ~ Setariae(Oryzae) Fructus
transform Dampness" herbs? • SHEN QU filli aa massa medicata Fermentata
A. Yin deficiency with Heat • Jl NEI JIN jlP<J~ Gigeriae Galli Endothelium Corneum
B. Turbid Damp in the Middle Burner • LAI FU Zl 3i<lm-T Raphani Semen
C. Summer-Heat
D. Cold ST
1. Which digestive herb is especially for indigestion of
meaty food?
A. Shan Zha
B. Mai Ya
C. Ji Nei Jin
D. Lai Fu Zi

2. Which herb activates the Blood and removes stasis?

A. Mai Ya
B. Gu Ya
C. Shen Qu
D. Shan Zha

3. Which digestive herb enters the LV channel and

soothes the LV Qi when it is used raw?
A. Shan Zha
B. Mai Ya
C. Gu Ya
D. Lai Fu Zi

4. Large doses of stir-fried Mai Va can _ _ __

A. Quiet the fetus
B. Hasten birth
C. Promote lactation
D. Inhibit lactation

5. Which herb has to be cautiously used for pregnancy?

A. Shen Qu
B. Pu Huang
C. Yu Jin
D. All of the above

6. Which herb can be added to pills containing heavy

minerals to aid in digestion and absorption?
A. Shan Zha
B. Shen Qu
C. Ji Nei Jin
D. Lai Fu Zi

7. Ji Nei Jin is often combined with Vu Jin for the

treatment of _ _ _ __
A. Constipation
B. Diarrhea
C. Seminal emission
D. Biliary tract stones

8. What is the function of Ji Nei Jin?

A. Relieve food stagnation

Quiz I 17. Digestives

408 HERBS

B. Stop urinary incontinence

C. Dissolve stone 18. REGULATE Ql
D. All of the above

9. Which digestive herb is often taken as powder or pill • CHEN PI ill B< Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium

instead of cooking in decoction? • JU HONG ~ u Citri Reticulatae Exocarpium Rubrum

A. Shen Qu • QING PI Jlf B< Citri Reticulatae Viride Pericarpium

B. Ji Nei Jin
C. Mai Ya
•
•
ZHI SHI
ZHI KE
ffi
ffi ~
• Aurantii Fructus lmmaturus
Aurantii Fructus
D. Lai Fu Zi • DA FU PI :;I::Jill.l< Arecae Pericarpium
• XIANG FU 1\!Hft=t- Cyperi Rhizoma
10. Which digestive herb can descend Qi and transform • CHUAN LIAN Zl J ll ~=t- Toosendan Fructus
phlegm? • WU YAO ~ !¥! linderae Radix
A. Shan Zha • CHEN XIANG i:t ~ Aquilariae lignum Resinatum
B. Ji Nei Jin • MU XIANG
* ~ Aucklandiae Radix
C. Shen Qu
D. Lai Fu Zi

1. What is the function of Ju Pi?

11. What is the common taste and channel of "Digestive"
A. Dry Damp, transform Phlegm
herbs?
B. Descend rebellious Qi
A. Sour I LV GB
C. Harmonize Middle Burner and relax diaphragm
B. Bitter I HT Sl
D. All of the above
C. Sweet I SP ST
D. Pungent I LU Ll
2. What channels do Chen Pi enter?
A. LU
B. SP
C. ST
D. All of the above

3. Which herb is preferred for bloating, belching, nausea

and vomiting due to SP and ST Qi stagnation?
A. Chen Pi
B. Ban Xia
C. Cang Zhu
D. Fu Ling

4. Which of these herbs come from the same botanical

origin?
A. Da Fu Pi, Bing Lang
B. Qing Pi, Chen Pi
C. Zhi Shi, Zhi Ke
D. All of the above

5. Which of the following herbs enter the LU channel?

A. Zhi Shi
B. Zhi Ke
C. Chen Pi
D. Qing Pi

6. Which herb can soothe the LV Qi?

A. Qing Pi
B. Mai Ya
C. Xiao Hui Xiang
D. All of th e above

7. Which herb has the strongest effect of regulating LV

Qi?
A. Chen Pi
B. Qing Pi
C. Zhi Shi

Quiz I 18. Regulate Qi

 HERBS 409

D. Zhi Ke
17. Which Qi regulator herb not only clear Damp-Heat but
8. Which herb can break up Qi, disperse stagnation, and kills parasites and treat skin diseases?
eliminate phlegm? A. Mu Xiang
A. Ban Xia B. Chen Xiang
B. Chen Pi C. Tan Xiang
C. Zhi Shi D. Chuan Lian Zi
D. Xiang Fu
18. Which is the best choice for treating hypochondriac
9. What are the properties of Zhi Shi? pain, abdominal pain, hernia pain, and swelling testicle
A. Acrid, sl sweet, sl bitter I neutral pain due to LV and ST Qi stagnation?
B. Bitter, acrid I sl cold A. Li Zhi He
C. Bitter, acrid I warm, aromatic B. Chuan Lian Zi
D. Bitter I cold, sl toxic C. Chen Pi
D. Wu Yao
10. Which herb is bitter, pungent and sl cold?
A. Ju Pi 19. Which of the following herbs can be used for treating
B. Qing Pi parasitic accumulation in the abdomen?
C. Zhi Shi A. Chuan Lian Zi
D. Xiang Fu B. Bai Bu
C. Ku Shen
11. Which of the following Qi regulators is an essential D. Di Fu Zi
gynecological herb?
A. Mu Xiang 20. Which Qi regulator can move Qi, stops pain and
B. Zhi Shi warm the KD to disperse Cold?
C. Chen Pi A. Wu Yao
D. Xiang Fu B. Mu Xiang
C. Gan Jiang
12. Which Qi regulator can promote urination? D. Rou Gui
A. Mu Xiang
B. Chen Xiang 21. Which of the following herbs is best for frequent
C. Du Fu Pi urination and urinary incontinence due to KD Yang
D. Xiang Fu deficiency, or Deficient Cold in the UB?
A. Chen Xaing
13. Which of the following herbs can soothe LV Qi, B. Wu Yao
regulate menstruation and stop pain? C. Mu Xiang
A. Xiang Fu D. Ru Xiang
B. Dang Gui
c. Bai Shao 22. Which herb regulates Qi, stops pain, warms the KD
D. Chai Hu and promotes KD's grasping of Qi?
A. Xiang Fu
14. Which herb is best for treating disharmony in B. Mu Xiang
menstruation with symptoms like menstrual pain, breast C. Huo Xiang
distention? D. Chen Xiang
A. Wu Yao
B. Chen Xiang 23. Which herb is the best for treating Deficient Cold in
C. Chuan Lian Zi the Lower Burner and KD's failure to grasp Qi?
D. Xiang Fu A. Ding Xiang
B. Wu Yao
15. Which herb enter the SJ channel? C. Chen Xiang
A. Chai Hu D. Mu Xiang
B. Zhi Zi
C. Xiang Fu 24. Which herb can regulate Qi, alleviate pain, and is
D. All of the above effective for treating Qi stagnation in the SP and ST?
A. Mu Xiang
16. What is the function of Xiang Fu? B. Chuan Lian Zi
A. Soften the LV C. Xiang Fu
B. Soothe the LV D. Qing Pi
c. Clear the LV
D. Nourish the LV 25. Which herb is for pain due to LV Qi stagnation?

Quiz /18. Regulate Qi

410 HERBS

A. Xiang Fu
B. Qing Pi 19. STOP BLEEDING
c. Chuan Lian Zi
D. all of the above
• PU HUANG )ill 1{ Typhae Pollen

26. What is t he function of Xiang Fu, Mu Xiang, and Wu • SAN Ql - t Notoginseng Radix

Yao? • QIAN CAO GEN ~:!;ttR Rubiae Radix

A. Descend rebellious Qi, and st op vomiting • XIAN HE CAO 1tllU:!;t Agrimoniae Herba
B. Regulate Qi, and stop pain • BAI Jl 8 & Bletillae Rhizoma
C. Soothe LV Qi, and regulate Qi • HUAI HUA Ml :JllliE* Sophorae Flos lmmaturus
D. Regulate Qi, activat e Blood • 01 YU ii!l li Sanguisorbae Radix
• CE BAI YE 1J!iJ;flj¥ Platycladi Cacumen
• BAI MAO GEN 8J;tR lmperatae Rhizoma
• AI YE x :!il: Artemisiae Argyi Folium

1. How do you cook Pu Huang?

A. Wrap
B. Decoct fi rst
C. Decoct lat er
D. Steep

2 . Which herb astringes Blood t o stop bleeding and

activates Blood t o eliminate stasis?
A. Pu Huang
B. Qian Cao Gen
C. Bai Ji
D. Xian He Cao

3. W hich herb is the best for treating traumat ic injury

w ith pain, bleeding and swelling wit h Blood stasis?
A. Xu Duan
B. San Qi
C. Hong Hua
D. Wang Bu Liu Xing

4. Which herb would you choose if a patient has bleeding

and Blood stasis?
A. San Qi
B. Xian He Cao
C. Bai Ji
D. Ai Ye

5. W hich herb does not both stop bleeding and move

Blood?
A. San Qi
B. Pu Huang
C. Xian He Cao
D. Qian Cao Gen

6 . Which herb can activate Blood and stop bleeding?

A. Pu Huang
B. San Qi
C. Qian Cao Gen
D. All of the above

7 . Which herb not only stops bleeding due to Blood Heat,

but can also move Blood stasis?
A. Qian Cao Gen
B. San Qi

Quiz I 19. Stop Ble eding

 HERBS 411

C. Pu Huang D. Pu Huang
D. Bai Ji
17. Huai Hua can specially stop bleeding from ___ .
8. What is the secondary function of Xian He Cao besides A. LU
being hemostatic? B. ll
A. Stop cough and expel phlegm C. ST
B. Help healing the wounds D. UB
C. Promote urination
D. Stop dysentery and kill parasites 18. Di Yu & Huai Hua empirically treat ___ bleeding.
A. Oral
9. What is the function of Xian He Cao? B. Ocular
A. Move Blood and stop bleeding C. Urinary
B. Astringe Blood and stop bleeding D. Anal
C. Cool Blood and stop bleeding
D. Warm womb and stop bleeding 19. Which herb can cool Blood and stop bleeding?
A. Di Yu
10. Which herb is especially good for bleeding from the B. Huai Hua
LU (coughing up blood) and ST (vomiting up blood)? C. Qian Cao Gen
A. Bai Ji D. All of the above
B. Di Yu
C. Huai Hua 20. Which of the following herbal combinations can treat
D. Ai Ye blood in the stool and hemorrhoid bleeding due to Heat in
the ll?
11. What is the function of Bai Ji? A. Ai Ye + Pao Jiang
A. Astringe to stop bleeding B. Di Yu + Huai Hua
B. Reduce swelling C. Pu Huang + Qian Cao Gen
C. Generate new tissue D. Bai Ji + Xian He Cao
D. All of the above
21. Which group is not from same origin?
12. Bai Ji is incompatible with _ _ __ A. Wu Zhu Yu, Shan Zhu Yu
A. Gan Cao B. Ce Bai Ye, Bai Zi Ren
B. Wu Tou C. Chuan Wu, Fu Zi
C. Li lu D. Rou Gui, Gui Zhi
D. Bei Mu
22. What is the function of Ce Bai Ye?
13. Which herb can astringe Blood and stop bleeding? A. Cool Blood & stop bleeding, lower blood pressure
A. Xian He Cao B. Cool Blood & stop bleeding, expel phlegm
B. Bai Ji C. Activate Blood & stop bleeding, promote urination
C. Pu Huang D. Warm channel & stop bleeding, calm fetus
D. All of the above
23. What is the function of Bai Mao Gen?
14. Which herb can cool Blood to stop bleeding and A. Cool Blood, stop bleeding, clear Heat from ST
topically resolve toxins to help healing the wound for B. Cool Blood, stop bleeding, clear Heat from LU
burns? C. Cool Blood, stop bleeding, promote urination
A. Di Yu D. All of the above
B. Huai Hua
C. Ai Ye 24. What is the common of Lu Gen and Bai Mao Gen?
D. Pu Huang A. Clear Heat and dry Dampness
B. Clear Heat and promote urination
15. What type of bleeding is most suitable for Di Yu? C. Drain Fire and resolve toxins
A. Qi deficiency D. Cool Blood and stop bleeding
B. Blood stasis
C. Cold 25. Which of the following herbs is best for the
D. Heat treatment of Deficient Cold uterine bleeding?
A. Pu Huang
16. Which herb can cool Blood, stop bleeding, and lower B. Di Yu
blood pressure? C. Huai Hua Mi
A. Di Yu D. Ai Ye
B. Huai Hua
C. Ai Ye 26. 38 ~, continuous uterine bleeding, the blood is dark

Quiz /19. Stop Bleeding

412 HERBS

and light, cold extremities, pale tongue and thready pulse.

Which herbs would you use? 20. ACTIVATE BLOOD
A. Pu Huang + Qian Cao Gen
B. Bai Ji + Xian He Cao
C. Di Yu + Huai Hua • CHUAN XIONG Jll ~ Chuanxiong Rhizoma

D. Ai Ye + Pao Jiang • VAN HU SUO .l!iill* Corydalis Rhizoma

• VU JIN II ~ Curcumae Radix
•
27. Which of the following herbs can be used for
infertility due to cold womb? •
DAN SHEN
CHI SHAO
1'1-
'#; 9 "'Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix
Paeoniae Radix Rubra
A. Huang Qin • VI MU CAO i@:H}:ljl: Leonuri Herba
B. Ai Ye • ZE LAN ;; iii Lycopi Herba
C. Zi Su Ye • TAO REN 'IJt i= Persicae Semen
D. Sha Ren • HONG HUA *J: 1E Carthami Flos
• MO YAO ;j ~ Myrrh a
28. Which herb has a caution or contraindication for • RU XIANG !fl. if Olibanum
pregnancy?
• SAN LENG = fi Sparganii Rhizoma
A. Pu Huang
B. San Qi
• E ZHU R 7ft Curcumae Rhizoma

C. Yan Hu Suo
• HUAI NIU XI ~*~ Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix

D. All of the above

• CHUAN NIU XI J ll t.j:.~
Cyathulae Radix
• WANG BU LIU XING :EHllii' Vaccariae Semen

1. Which herb can move Qi and Blood?

A. Chuan Xiong
B. Van Hu Suo
C. Ru Xiang
D. All of the above

2. Which herb treats Bi syndrome and headache?

A. Ru Xiang
B. Mo Yao
C. Chuan Xiong
D. Dan Shen

3. What is the contraindication of using Chuan Xiong?

A. Deficient Yin with Heat signs
B. Headache from LV Yang rising
C. Qi deficiency and excessive menstrual bleeding
D. All of the above

4. Which herb enters the PC channel?

A. Chuan Xiong
B. Chai Hu
C. Dan Shen
D. All of the above

5. Which herb can dispel Wind and stop pain, and move
Qi and Blood?
A. Yu Jin
B. San Leng
C. Dan Shen
D. Chuan Xiong

6. What is the taste and nature of Chuan Xiong?

A. Sour I warm
B. Bitter I warm
C. Pungent I warm
D. Pungent I cool

Quiz I 20. Activate Blood

 HERBS 413

7. Which herb is said to "rise to the head & eyes and 16. Which herb does not activate and nourish Blood?
descend to the sea of Blood"? A. Chi Shao
A. Jie Geng B. Dang Gui
B. Zhi Shi C. Dan Shen
C. Chuan Niu Xi D. Ji Xue Teng
D. Chuan Xiong
17. Which herb does not activate and cool Blood?
8. Which herb most effectively regulates Qi and Blood and A. Chi Shao
stops pain? B. Dang Gui
A. Chuan Xiong C. Dan Shen
B. Van Hu Suo D. Mu Dan Pi
C. Yu Jin
D. Dan Shen 18. What type of peony can active the Blood and cool
the Blood?
9. Van Hu Suo is vinegar treated to _ _ __ A. Chi Shao
A. Enhance Qi regulating function B. Bai Shao
B. Enhance Blood activating function C. All of the above
C. Enhance analgesic function D. None of the above
D. Decrease toxicity
19. Which Blood activator can promote urination?
10. Which herb activates Blood, dispels stasis, cools the A. Yi Mu Cao
Blood, dears Heat and recedes or abates jaundice? B. Ze Lan
A. Yin Chen C. All of the above
B. Zhi Zi D. None of the above
C. Yu Jin
D. Qin Jiao 20. What are Yi Mu Cao and Ze Lan mainly used for?
A. Blood stasis in gynecology
11. What is the function of Yu Jin? B. Blood stasis in geriatrics
A. Activate Blood, regulate Qi, cool Blood C. Blood stasis in dermatology
B. Activate Blood, regulate Qi, clear the HT D. Blood stasis in psychiatry
C. Activate Blood, regulate Qi, reduce jaundice
D. All of the above 21. Which of the following herb is best for Blood stasis
abdominal pain and constipation?
12. Which herb if often combined with Shi Chang Pu to A. Xing Ren
treat Shen disturbance due to turbid Damp misting the HT B. Tao Ren
orifices? C. Bai Zi Ren
A. Chuan Xiong D. Hu Tao Ren
B. Yan Hu Suo
C. Yu Jin 22. What channels do Hong Hua enter?
D. Yi Mu Cao A. LV HT
B. LV HT LU Ll
13. Which herb can be used for coronary HT disease? C. LV GB PC
A. Ge Gen D. LV KD
B. Dan Shen
C. Shan Zha 23. How much of Hong Hua can harmonize the Blood?
D. All of the above A. 0.9-l.Sg
B. 2-Sg
14. Which herb can be used for Blood Heat stagnation c. 6-9g
and/or Blood deficiency? D. 12-lSg
A. Yan Hu Suo
B. Dan Shen 24. Which of the following pairs of herbs activate Blood,
C. Dang Shen reduce swelling and generate new tissue?
D. Dang Gui A. Tao Ren + Hong Hua
B. Ru Xiang + Mo Yao
15. Which herb has a Calming Shen function? C. Sang Leng + E Zhu
A. Dan Shen D. Wang Bu Liu Xing + Chuan Shan Jia
B. Da Zao
C. Wu Wei Zi 25. Which herb can activate Blood, reduce swelling and
D. All of the above generate flesh?
A. Ru Xiang

Quiz I 20. Activate Blood

414 HERBS

B. Mo Yao D. All of the above

C. All of the above
D. None of the above 35. Which herbal combination can treat insufficient
lactation due to Blood stasis?
26. Which of the following pairs of herbs break Blood A. Tao Ren + Hong Hua
stasis for abdominal masses? B. Chuan Shan Jia + Wang Bu Liu Xing
A. Tao Ren + Hong Hua C. San Leng + E Zhu
B. Ru Xiang + Mo Yao D. Ru Xiang + Mo Yao
C. Sang Leng + E Zhu
D. Wang Bu Liu Xing + Chuan Shan Jia 36. Which herb should not be used for pregnancy?
A. Vi Mu Cao
27. Which herb can break up Blood stasis and remove B. Tao Ren
accumulation? C. Hong Hua
A. Sang Leng D. All of the above
B. E Zhu
C. All of the above
D. None of the above

28. What category of herbs should be combined to Blood

activators in order to treat masses and accumulation?
A. Herbs that tonify Qi
B. Herbs that warm interior
C. Herbs that stabilize and bind
D. Herbs that transform phlegm and soften hardness

29. Which herb can move Qi and Blood?

A. Chuan Xiong
B. Van Hu Suo
C. Yu Jin
D. All of the above

30. Which herb can move Qi and Blood?

A. Ru Xiang
B. San Leng
C. E Zhu
D. All of the above

31. What is the indication of Niu Xi?

A. Weak knee, lumbago
B. Dysuria, painful urination
C. Hempotysis, mouth ulceration
D. All of the above

32. Niu Xi has a descending nature, but this property can

not help in case of _ __
A. Weak and sore knees
B. Lin syndrome
C. Hypertension due to LV Yang rising
D. Cough and asthma

33. Which herb guides the Blood to move downward?

A. Chuan Xiong
B. Dan Shen
C. Hong Hua
D. Niu Xi

34. Which herb contraindicated for pregnancy?

A. Niu Xi
B. Ru Xiang
C. San Leng

Quiz I 20. Activate Blood

 HERBS 415

21. WARM INTERIOR 8. Which herb is incompatible with Fu Zi or Wu Tou?

A. Xi Xin
B. Bai Shao
• CHUAN WU Jll J.ll; Aconiti Radix Preparata
C. Ren Shen
• CAO WU :!¥- J.ll; Aconiti Kusnezoffii Preparata
D. Ban Xia
• FU Zl II# 'f Aconiti Radix lateralis Preparata
•
•
GAN JIANG
ROU GUI
~

~
•
~
Zingiberis Rhizoma
Cinnamomi Cortex
9. What are the common features of Fu Zi and Rou Gui?
A. Both can rescue devastated Yang
• CHUAN JIAO )II ~ Zanthoxyli Pericarpium B. Both are toxic
• WU ZHU YU ~*~ Evodiae Fructus C. Both can reinforce the Fire and tonify Yang
• XIAO HUI XIANG 'l'illiii' Foeniculi Fructus D. Both are acrid and sweet
• DING XIANG T if Caryophylli Flos
• GAO LIANG JIANG iii Ji!.I Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma 10. Which herb is used for treating joint pains all over
•
•
81 BA
HU JIAO
•
i!i1l
;;!t Piperis longi Fructus
~ Piperis Fructus
the body due to Excess Cold evil?
A. Fu Zi
B. Chuan Wu
C. Cao Wu
D. All of the above
1. Fu Zi invigorates the Yang of the _ __
A. HT SP KD
11. Which herb is acrid and hot?
B. LV HT KD
A. Sheng Jiang
C. SP ST KD
B. Sheng Jiang Pi
D. LV SP KD
C. Gan Jiang
D. Pao Jiang
2. Fu Zi warms the _ _ _ __
A. HT Yang
12. What channels do Gan Jiang enter?
B. KD Yang
A. HT
C. SP Yang
B. LU
D. Yang of the whole body
C. SP ST
D. All of the above
3. What is the function of Fu Zi?
A. Profuse sweating due to Yang collapsing
13. Which herb warms the Middle and returns Yang and
B. Aversion to Cold due to Yang deficiency
warms the LU and transforms phlegm?
C. Cold-Damp Excess condition
A. Fu Zi
D. All of the above
B. Gao Liang Jiang
C. Gan Jiang
4. How do you cook Fu Zi?
D. Xiao Hui Xiang
A. Cook last 5 minutes
B. Cook 30-60 more than rest of herbs
14. Which herb warms the channels and stops bleeding?
C. Wrap during decoction
A. Sheng Jiang
D. Crush and eat directly with water
B. Wei Jiang
C. Gan Jiang
5. Why should Fu Zi be cooked first during cooking?
D. Pao Jiang
A. To fully activate ingredients
B. To produce new effect
15. Which herb warms the Middle Burner to treat Cold
C. To strengthen effect
abdominal pain and diarrhea?
D. To detoxify
A. Sheng Jiang
B. Gan Jiang
6. Which herb is often combined with Fu Zi in order to
C. Pao Jiang
restore devastated Yang?
D. Sheng Jiang Pi
A. Gui Zhi
B. Gan Jiang
16. Which herb is acrid, sweet, and hot and is often used
C. Wu Zhu Yu
to treat Lower Burner Deficient Cold?
D. Chuan Jiao
A. Fu Zi
B. Gan Jiang
7. Which herb is incompatible with Fu Zi or Wu Tou?
C. Gui Zhi
A. Ban Xia
D. Rou Gui
B. Bei Mu
C. Gua Lou
17. What is the function of Rou Gui?
D. all of the above

Quiz I 21. Warm Interior

416 HERBS

A. Tonfiy Ming Men Fire A. Ren Shen

B. Disperse Cold, stop pain B. Yu Jin
C. Warm channels and meridians C. Rou Gui
D. All of the above D. Xi Xin

18. Which herb should be added near the end during a 27. Which "Warm the Interior" herbs can descend
cooking decoction? rebellious Qi and stop vomiting?
A. Xiao Hui Xiang A. Wu Zhu Yu
B. Wu Zhu Yu B. Ding Xiang
C. Rou Gui C. Xiao Hui Xiang
D. Gan Jiang D. All of the above

19. Which herb warms the interior and kills worms? 28. Which herb descends rebellious Qi due to ST Cold?
A. Hua Jiao A. Sheng Jiang
B. Chuan lian Zi B. Wu Zhu Yu
C. Bai Bu C. Ding Xiang
D. Ku Shen D. All of the above

20. Which pair of herbs can warm the interior, disperse 29. Which herb is best for treating abdominal Cold pain,
Cold and regulate LV Qi? vomiting, and diarrhea?
A. Fu Zi + Gan Jiang A. Ding Xiang
B. Chuan Wu + Cao Wu B. Xiao Hui Xiang
C. Wu Zhu Yu + Xiao Hui Xiang C. Gao liang Jiang
D. Gan Jiang + Gao liang Jiang D. Fu Zi

21. Which "Warm the Interior" herb can soothe LV Qi? 30. What is the common function of Gan Jiang and Gao
A. Wu Zhu Yu Liang Jiang?
B. Xiao Hui Xiang A. Warm the LU and transform phlegm
C. All of the above B. Warm the Middle Burner and stop pain
D. None of the above C. Warm the KD and restore Yang
D. Descend Qi, stop nausea and vomiting
22. Which herb scatters Cold and stops pain as well as
soothe the LV? 31. What is not the function of warming interior herbs?
A. Xiang Fu A. Warm Middle Burner
B. Wu Zhu Yu B. Dispel Cold and stop pain
C. Qing Pi C. Reinforce Yang
D. Chai Hu D. Hourish Yin

23. Which type of headache is the most suitable for Wu 32. Which herb must be used with caution during
Zhu Yu? pregnancy?
A. Tai Yang headache A. Gan Jiang
B. Yang Ming headache B. Rou Gui
C. Jue Yin headache C. Chuan Jiao
D. Shao Yin headache D. All of the above

24. Which of the following herbs can be used for hernial 33. What is the general caution or contraindication of
pain due to Cold? "Warm the Interior" category?
A. Wu Yao A. Yin deficiency with Hat
B. Wu Zhu Yu B. Yang deficiency
C. Xiao Hui Xiang C. Cold stagnation in the Middle Burner
D. All of the above D. Nausea and vomiting due to Cold

25. Which herb can warm Middle Burner, descend

rebellious Qi, and warm KD Yang?
A. Huo Xiang
B. Ding Xiang
C. Mu Xiang
D. Chen Xiang

26. Ding Xiang antagonizes _ _ __

Quiz I 21. Warm Interior

 HERBS 417

C. Wu Ling Zhi
22. Ql TONICS D. Li Lu

8. Which "Qi Tonic" can raise the Yang and can be used
• REN SHEN f.. ~ Ginseng Radix
to treat MJ Qi sinking, chronic diarrhea and prolapse of
•
•
DANG SHEN
HUANG Ql
• ~ Codonopsis Radix
Jli ~ Astragali Radix
rectum?
A. Huang Qi
• BAI ZHU B ;;ft Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma B. Chai Hu
• BAI BIAN DOU B.fiiili Lablab Semen Album C. Sheng Ma
• SHAN VAO Ul m Dioscoreae Rhizoma D. Ge Gen
m Jujubae
•
•
DA ZAO
GAN CAO
* Fructus
1t 1f- Glycyrrhizae Radix 9. Which "Qi Tonic" can tonify defensive Qi and promote
• ZHI GAN CAO ~ 1t1f- Glycyrrhizae Radix Preparata discharge of pus and healing for chronic wounds and
• VI TANG til fi Maltosum ulcers?
• FENG Ml ~ It Mel A. Huang Qi
• GENG Ml *i!! * Semen Oryzae B. Bai Zhu
C. Dang Gui
D. Dang Shen

1. Which of the following herbs can be used in severe Qi

collapse with a minute pulse?
10. Huang Qi enters _ __ _
A. LV KD
A. Fu Zi
B. LU SP
B. Rou Gui
C. SP ST
C. Ren Shen
D. HT SP
D. Huang Qi

11. What is the common feature of Huang Qi and Bai

2. Which of the following herbs is often cooked separately
Zhu?
in a double boiler for a long period of time?
A. Calm the fetus
A. Bo He
B. Stabilize exterior and stop sweating
B. Long Gu
C. Raise Yang Qi
C. Ren Shen
D. Discharge pus and generate flesh
D. Xuan Fu Hua

12. Which herb can tonify Qi, strengthen SP, dry Damp,
3. If using Ren Shen to rescue collapse, which dosage
promote diuresis, stop sweating and calm fetus?
would you use?
A. Bai Zhu
A. 15-30 g
B. Huang Qin
B. 6-10 g
C. Du Zhong
c. 1-3 g
D. Sha Ren
D. 0.5-1 g

13. Which of the following herbs can be used to treat

4. What food can not be eaten with Ren Shen?
restless fetus due to SP deficiency?
A. Green tea
A. Ai Ye
B. Radish
B. Zhu Ru
C. All of the above
C. Bai Zhu
D. None of the above
D. E Jiao

5. What is the containdication for using Ren Shen?

14. Whi ch one of these does not quiet the fetus?
A. Yin Deficient Heat
A. Sha Ren
B. LV Yang rising
B. Bai Zhu
C. Excess Heat without Qi deficiency
C. Du Zhong
D. All of the above
D. None of the above
6. Ren Shen is incompatible with
A. Wu Tou ---- 15. Which herb can tonify the KD and can be used to
treat spermatorrhea and incontinence of urine?
B. Xi Xin
A. Shan Yao
C. Wu Ling Zhi
B. Shao Yao
D. Li Lu
C. Huang Qi
D. Gan Cao
7. Ren Shen antagonizes - - - -
A. Wu Tou
B. Xi Xin
16. What is the common function of Shan Vao and Bai

Quiz I 22. Qi Tonics

418 HERBS

Bian Dou?
A. Tonify Qi and Yin 23. BLOOD TONICS
B. Strengthen SP and stop diarrhea
C. Tonify KD, consolidate and astringe
D. Generate body fluid and stop thirst • SHU Dl HUANG ~it!!Ji Rehmanniae Radix Preparata
• DANG GUI 'I' M Angelicae Sinensis Radix

17. Which "Qi Tonic" can calm Shen? • BAI SHAO 13 9 Paeoniae Radix Alba

A. Ren Shen • E JIAO 'ii) II¥ Asini Corii Colla

B. Da Zao • GOU Ql Zl Y.Y~c-T- Lycii Fructus
C. All of the above • SANG SHEN A m Mori Fructus
D. None of the above • LONG VAN ROU RUlH~ Longan Arillus

18. What is a contraindication of using Da lao?

A. Patients with intestinal parasites 1. What category of herbs can be combined with tonifying
B. Food stagnation Blood herbs?
C. Damp-Phlegm disorder A. Qi movers
D. All of the above B. Blood movers
C. Qi tonics
19. Which Dui-Yao harmonizes Defensive (Wei) and D. All of the above can be possible
Constructive (Ying) Qi, fortifies the SP and harmonizes the
MJ? 2. Which herb does not have a warm nature?
A. Gui Zhi + Bai Shao A. Shu Di Huang
B. Sheng Jiang + Zhu Ru B. Sheng Di Huang
C. Sheng Jiang + Ban Xia C. Dang Gui
D. Sheng Jiang + Da Zao D. Long Van Rou

20. Which are not one of the functions of Gan Cao? 3. Shu Di Huang tonifies _ _ __
A. Activate Blood A. Blood
B. Relax tension and stop pain for spasm/cramp B. Yin
C. Clear Heat and detoxify C. Essence
D. Moisten the LU and stop cough D. All of the above

21. Which one of these is incompatible with Gan Cao? 4. Which herb can reduce the greasy quality of Shu Di?
A. Hai Zao A. Chuan Xiong
B. Ren Shen B. Sha Ren
C. Ban Xia C. Sha Shen
D. Fu Zi D. Dang Gui

22. Which "Qi Tonic" lubricates the LU to stop coughing 5. Which of the following herbs can be used for Blood
and lubricates Ll to move bowels? deficiency, Cold in the Blood, and Blood stasis?
A. Bai Zi Ren A. Dang Gui
B. Feng Mi B. Shu Di Huang
C. Dang Gui C. Sheng Di Huang
D. Rou Cong Rong D. Dan Shen

23. Which herb clears Summer-Heat, strengthens the SP 6. Which herb can tonify Blood, regulate menstruation,
and transforms Dampness? and lubricate the intestine?
A. He Ye A. Hei Zhi Ma
B. Bai Bian Dou B. Dang Gui
C. Qing Hao C. Tao Ren
D. Bai Zhu D. Xing Ren

7. Wine-treated Dang Gui _ _ _ __

A. Enhances the function of activating Blood
B. Enhances the function of tonifying the Blood
C. Enhances the function of lubricating the intestine
D. Enhances the function of detoxifying alcohol

8. Which part of Dang Gui is the least tonifying, but is

most effective in moving the Blood?

Quiz I 23. Blood Tonics

 HERBS 419

A. Wei (tail) A. E Jiao

B. Shen (body) B. Chuan Bei Mu
C. Tou (head) C. Mai Men Dong
D. Quan (whole) D. Sha Shen

9. Which herb can nourish the Blood and regulate the 18. Which of the following "Tonics" brightens the eyes?
menstruation? A. Gou Qi Zi
A. Dang Gui B. Nu Zhen Zi
B. Bai Shao C. Tu Si Zi
C. All of the above D. All of the above
D. None of the above
19. Which "Blood Tonic" moistens the intestine?
10. In order to relax tension, spasms, or cramps, Bai Shao A. Dang Gui
is usually combined with? B. Sang Shen
A. Gan Cao (licorice root) C. All of the above
B. Da Zao Oujube fruit) D. None of the above
C. Sheng Jiang (fresh ginger)
D. Feng Mi (honey) 20. Which "Blood Tonic" can calm the spirit?
A. Shu Di Huang
11. Which of the following not only can subdue LV Yang B. Dang Gui
but can also nourish Blood and astringe Yin? C. Long Van Rou
A. Mu Dan Pi D. Gou Qi Zi
B. Bai Shao
C. Chai Hu 21. What is the function of Long Van Rou?
D. Chi Shao A. Boost Qi
B. Nourish Blood
12. What is the taste of Bai Shao? C. Calm spirit
A. Bitter, sour D. All of the above
B. Sweet, bitter
C. Sweet, pungent 22. What channels do Long Van Rou enter?
D. Sweet, sour A. LU SP
B. SP ST
13. What channels do Bai Shao enter? C. HT SP
A. LU SP D. LV KD
B. LV SP
C. HT SP
D. LV KD

14. Which of the following herb preserves Yin and

harmonize the Ylng (nutritive) and Wei (defensive) level?
A. Bai Shao
B. Chi Shao
C. Mu Dan Pi
D. Shan Vao

15. What is the proper way to cook E Jiao?

A. Dissolve in strained decoction
B. Cook last 5 minute
C. Cook 30 minute first
D. It should be wrapped

16. Which of following herbs should be dissolved in the

strained decoction?
A. Mang Xiao
B. Vi Tang
C. E Jiao
D. All of the above

17. Which herb not only nourishes Yin and moistens LU,
but can also tonify Blood and stop bleeding?

Quiz I 23. Blood Tonics

420 HERBS

7. Bu Gu Zi enters _ _ _ _ __
24. YANG TONICS A. KD SP
B. KD LV
C. KD LU
• LU RONG 1ft ~ Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum
D. KD Ll
• ROU CONG RONG ~ti~ Cistanches Herba
• SUO YANG ift ~ Cynomorii Herba 8. Which herb can be used to treat chronic diarrhea due
• HU TAO REN All:!Jt i= Juglandis Semen to KD deficiency?
• YIN YANG HUO ;£:Ftli Epimedii Herba A. Ge Gen
• XIAN MAO fill ~ Curculiginis Rhizoma B. Lian Zi
• BA Jl TIAN Ett::R Morindae Officinalis Radix C. Bu Gu Zhi
• BU GU ZHI tili'l!l'nli Psoraleae Fructus D. Bai Dou Kou
• Yl ZHI REN iUif= Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus
• GOU Jl ~ ff Cibotii Rhizoma 9. Which herb can tonify KD, consolidate essence, warm
• GU SUI BU ~li'ffflj Drynariae Rhizoma SP and treat excessive salivation?
• XU DUAN tJ ltfi Dipsaci Radix A. Yi Zhi Ren
• DU ZHONG u /rJl Eucommiae Cortex B. Bu Gu Zhi

• TU Sl Zl ~ili*T- Cuscutae Semen C. Xian Mao

D. Xian Ling Pi

1. Which is not correct about Lu Rang? 10. Which herb can tonify LV and KD, strengthen bones
and sinews?
A. Use for LV Yang rising
A. Gou Ji
B. Use for Blood, Yang and essence deficiency
B. Gu Sui Bu
C. Use for regulating Chong and Ren
C. Xu Duan
D. Use for chronic skin infection
D. All of the above

2. Which of the following "Yang Tonics" does not moisten

intestine?
11. Which Yang tonic is often used for traumatic injury in
order to promote Blood circulation and help regain
A. Yin Yang Huo
strength?
B. Rou Cong Rang
A. Xu Duan
C. Suo Yang
B. Gu Sui Bu
D. Hu Tao Ren
C. All of the above
D. None of the above
3. What is the function of Hu Tao Ren?
A. Strengthen back and knee
B. Moisten intestine
12. Which of the following "Yang Tonic" does not calm
the fetus?
C. Warm LU and help KD to grasp Qi
A. Bu Gu Zhi
D. All of the above
B. Du Zhong
C. Xu Duan
4. Which Yang tonic can warm the womb and moisten
D. Tu Si Zi
the intestine?
A. Rou Cong Rang
B. Hu Tao Ren
13. What is the function of Tu Si Zi?
A. Tonify LV and KD, improve vision
C. Xian Mao
B. Augment Yin, secure the essence
D. Gou Ji
C. Calm the fetus
D. All of the above
5. Which of the following "Yang Tonics" does not expel
Wind-Cold-Damp and stop pain?
14. Which is not correct?
A. Yi Zhi Ren
A. Gu Sui Bu : calm fetus, used for injury
B. Yin Yang Huo
B. Xu Duan : ca lm fetus, move/stop bleeding
C. Ba Ji Tian
C. Du Zhong : calm fetus, lower blood pressure
D. Xian Mao
D. Tu Si Zi : calm fetus, brighten the eyes

6. Which of the following herbs is best for treating day

15. What is the common channel of Yang tonics?
break diarrhea due to SP and KD deficiency?
A. LV
A. Ge Gen
B. KD
B. Lian Zi
C. SP
C. Bu Gu Zhi
D. HT
D. Bai Dou Kou

Quiz I 24. Yang Tonics

 HERBS 421

16. Which herb can tonify LV and KD, strengthen tendons

and bones, and promote Blood circulation? 25. YIN TONICS
A. Xu Duan
B. Sang Ji Sheng
C. Ba Ji Tian • BAI HE s .g. lilii Bulbus

D. Gou Ji • TIAN MEN DONG 5UH: Asparagi Radix

• MAl MEN DONG 11m~ Ophiopogonis Radix

17. What is the function of Du Zhong? • SHA SHEN ;p ~ Glehniae Radix

A. Tonify LV and KD, used for hypertension • SHI HU :0 M Dendrobii Herba
B. Tonify LV and KD, strengthen tendons and bone • NU ZHEN Zl ~Jll:'f ligustri Lucidi Fructus
C. Tonify LV and KD, calm the fetus • HEI ZHI MA )\l!!.ij!;jJn Sesami Semen Nigrum
D. All of the above • GUI BAN 6 t& Testudinis Plastrum

18. What is the property of Du Zhong?

• BIE JIA = Ejl Trionycis Carapax

A. Sweet, salty I warm I KD LV

B. Sour I neutral I KD LV 1. Which herb can calm the spirit?
C. Sweet, sl acrid I warm I KD LV A. Bai He
D. Bitter I warm I HT SP B. Nu Zhen Zi
C. Tian Men Dong
19. Which herb can calm the fetus? D. Shi Hu
A. Du Zhong
B. Xu Duan 2. Bai He enters
C. Tu Si Zi A. LV KD
D. All of the above B. LU ST
C. LU HT
20. Which pair of "Yang Tonics" is best to treat D. LU KD
premature ovarian decline and lack of libido due to Yang
deficiency? 3. Which of the following can clear HT to calm Shen and
A. Du Zhong + Xu Duan lubricate LU to stop wugh?
B. Rou Cong Rong + Suo Yang A. Chuan Bei Mu
C. Bu Gu Zhi + Yi Zhi Ren B. Bai He
D. Xian Ling Pi + Xian Mao C. Bai Bu
D. Dan Shen
21. Which pair of "Yang Tonics" is best to treat low back
and knee weakness due to LV and KD Yang deficiency? 4. Which herb does not nourish LU Yin?
A. Du Zhong + Xu Duan A. Nu Zhen Zi
B. Rou Cong Rang + Suo Yang B. Sha Shen
C. Bu Gu Zhi + Yi Zhi Ren C. Mai Men Dong
D. Xian Ling Pi + Xian Mao D. Tian Men Dong

5. Wh ich herb is best for nourishing KD Yin?

A. Tian Men Dong
B. Mai Men Dong
C. Shi Hu
D. Bai He

6. Which herb can clear LU Heat and nourish KD Yin?

A. Mai Men Dong
B. Tian Men Dong
C. Bai He
D. Sha Shen

7. Which of the following can lubricate LU, nourish Yin,

benefit ST, generate body fluid, clear HT and remove
irritability?
A. Mai Men Dong
B. Tian Men Dong
C. Nu Zhen Zi
D. Han Lian Cao

Quiz I 25. Yin Tonics

422 HERBS

8. Which herb can be used for irritability, insomnia, and

palpitation due to HT Yin deficiency? 26. ASTRINGENTS
A. Mu Tong
B. Deng Xin Cao
C. Mai Men Dong
• SHAN ZHU YU il.J!l!U~ Corni Fructus

D. Dan Zhu Ye • JIN YING Zl ~~.:r- Rosae Laevigatae Fructus

• HAl PIAO XIAO ila~~ Sepiae Endoconcha

9. Which herb can nourish LU/ST and clear LU/ST Heat? • FU PEN Zl li~-T Rubi Fructus

A. Shi Gao
B. Huang Qin
•
•
QIAN SHI
LIAN Zl
?k.
li .:r-
• Euryales Semen
Nelumbinis Semen

C. Sang Bai Pi • WU WEI Zl :fil<l<-T Schisandrae Fructus

D. Sha Shen • BAI GUO 8

* Ginkgo Semen

• WU MEl ~ ~ Mume Fructus

10. Which is the first choice for ST Yin deficiency? • HE Zl ~iiJ .:r- Chebulae Fructus
A. Shi Hu • CHI SHI ZHI *:o ni! Halloysitum Rubrum
B. Mai Men Dong • ROU DOU KOU ~:lfj! Myristicae Semen
C. Bai He • CHUN PI m Bl Ailanthi Cortex
D. Sha Shen
• FU XIAO MAl i~•Hif Tritici Fructus Levis

11. Which herb can nourish ST and KD Yin, generate body

fluid, and clear Deficient Yin?
1. Which of the following can tonify the LV and KD and
A. Bai He
has an astringing and stabilizing function?
B. Shi Hu
A. Wu Zhu Yu
C. Tian Men Dong
B. Shan Zhu Yu
D. Nu Zhen Zi
C. Xian Mao
D. Xian Ling Pi
12. What is not a common features of Gui Ban and Bie
Jia?
2. Which herb not only astringes KD Qi, but also
A. Activate Blood, soften hardness
neutralizes ST acidity?
B. Nourish Yin, anchor Yang
A. Fu Pen Zi
C. Crush, cook 30 minutes longer
B. Hai Piao Xiao
D. Contraindicated for pregnancy
C. Mu Li
D. Wa Leng Zi
13. Which herb is contraindicated for pregnancy?
A. Gui Ban
3. Which herb can bind up essence, restrain urine, assist
B. Bie Jia
the Yang and improve vision?
C. All of the above
A. Gou Qi Zi
D. None of the above
B. Tu Si Zi
C. Nu Zhen Zi
14. Which of the following Yin tonics benefit the hair?
D. Fu Pen Zi
A. Nu Zhen Zi
B. Hei Zhi Ma
4. What is common function of Qian Shi and Lian Zi?
C. All of the above
A. Nourish HT, calm Shen
D. None of the above
B. Atringe KD, strengthen SP, stop diarrhea
C. Neutralize acidity, stop stomach pain
15. Which is the function of Hei Zhi Ma?
D. Kill intestinal parasites
A. Tonify LV and KD Yin
B. Nourish Blood and extinguish the Wind
5. Which herb tonifies the SP to stop diarrhea and tonify
C. Moisten intestines
the KD to stabilize essence?
D. All of the above
A. Lian Zi
B. Shan Zhu Yu
16. Which "Yin Tonic" can invigorate the Blood?
C. Wu Wei Zi
A. Nu Zhen Zi
D. Wu Mei
B. Hei Zhi Ma
C. Gui Ban
6. Wu Wei Zi can be used in _ _ _ _ _ __
D. Bie Jia
A. Cough due to LU Heat
B. Chronic cough due to LU deficiency
C. Cough due to Wind-Heat
D. Cough due to LU dryness

Quiz I 26. Astringents

 HERBS 423

7. Which herb can astringe LU to stop cough, astringe KD B. He Zi

to stabilize essence, and calm Shen? C. Gan Cao
A. Suan Zao Ren D. Jie Geng
B. Bai Guo
C. Shan Zhu Yu 17. Which herb not only astringes diarrhea, but also stops
D. Wu Wei Zi bleeding and promotes the healing of wounds?
A. Rou Dou Kou
8. Which herb stabilizes KD essence? B. Chi Shi Zhi
A. Shan Zhu Yu C. Chun Pi
B. Fu Pen Zi D. He Zi
C. Qian Shi
D. All of the above 18. Which herb would you combine with Rou Dou Kou
for daybreak diarrhea with abdominal pain and rumbling
9. Which herb can stabilize KD essence? noises due to SP/KD Yang deficiency?
A. Hai Piao Xiao A. Hei Zhi Ma
B. Qian Shi B. Tu Tao Ren
C. Jin Ying Zi C. Tao Ren
D. All of the above D. Bu Gu Zhi

10. What is the common function between We Wei Zi 19. Which of the following can bind up the intestine and
and Wu Mei? stop diarrhea?
A. Generate fluids A. He Zi
B. Expel roundworms B. Chi Shi Zhi
C. Stabilize KD essence C. Rou Dou Kou
D. Inhibit sweat D. All of the above

11. Which of the following astringent herbs calms 20. Which of the following can bind up the intestine and
roundworms and generates fluids? stop diarrhea?
A. He Zi A. Jin Ying Zi
B. Wu Mei B. Wu Mei
C. Bai Guo C. Chun Pi
D. Chi Shi Zhi D. All of the above

12. Which of the following can stop diarrhea and 21. Which of the following herb can clear Heat, dry
generate body fluids? Dampness, astringe the intestine, stop bleeding, stop
A. Rou Dou Kou leukorrhea and kill parasites?
B. He Zi A. Hua Jiao
C. Wu Mei B. Chun Gen Pi
D. Chun Pi C. Ku Shen
D. Bai Bu
13. What is the alternative name of Bai Guo?
A. Wu Zhei Gu 22. Which astringent herb nourishes the HT, calm Shen
B. Yin Xing and be used for "Zang Zao" syndrome?
C. Jin Ling Zi A. Fu Pen Zi
D. Shou Wu Teng B. Fu Xiao Mai
C. Fu Zi
14. Which herb astringes LU Qi and stops cough? D. Fu Ling
A. Wu Wei Zi
B. Bai Guo 23. Which astringent herb has a Shen calming function?
C. Wu Mei A. Lian Zi
D. All of the above B. Wu Wei Zi
C. Fu Xiao Mai
15. Which herb astringes LU Qi to stop cough? D. All of the above
A. He Zi
B. Yin Xing 24. What is the general caution or contraindication of
C. Wu Wei Zi using astringents?
D. All of the above A. Exterior condition and Excess condition
B. Leakage of fluids from weak essence
16. Which herb astringes LU/LI and benefits the throat? C. Chronic cough and wheezing due to LU deficiency
A. Ban Lan Gen D. Chronic diarrhea and dysentery-like disorders

Quiz I 26. Astringents

424 HERBS

9. What is the general caution or contraindication of

heavy tranquillizer?
A. SP and ST deficiency
• LONG GU Fossilia Ossis Mastodi
B. Palpitation and anxiety
• MULl Ostreae Concha
C. Irritability and insomnia
• Cl SHI Magnetitum
D. Seizures and convulsions
• ZHEN ZHU Margarita
10. Which is not correct about Zhen Zhu?
A. Sedates HT & settle tremors and palpitations
1. When cooking Long Gu, one should _ _ __ B. Strongly directs rebellious Qi downward
A. Cook last 5-10 minutes C. Clears LV & eliminates superficial visual obstruction
B. Crush and cook 20-30 minutes longer D. Promotes healing & generates flesh
C. Wrap in a porous bag
D. Dissolve in strained decoction

2. Which herb should be cooked 20-30 minutes longer

than other herbs?
A. Mu Li
B. Ci Shi
C. Dai Zhe Shi
D. All of the above

3. Which Heavy tranquilizer can soften hardness and

absorb stomach acidity?
A. Long Gu
B. Mu Li
C. Dai Zhe Shi
D. Ci Shi

4. Which herb can absorb stomach acidity?

A. Mu Li
B. Hai Piao Xiao
C. All of the above
D. None of the above

5. Which heavy spirit tranquilizer can soften hardness and

scatters nodules?
A. Zhen Zhu
B. Dai Zhe Shi
C. Long Gu
D. Mu Li

6. What is the regular dosage of Long Gu and Mu Li?

A. 0.3-0.9g
B. 3-6g
c. 6-9g
D. 15-30g

7. What type of asthma can be treated by Ci Shi?

A. Asthma due to LU Qi deficiency
B. Asthma due to Wind-Cold attack
C. Asthma due to phlegm obstruction
D. Asthma due to KD fails to grasp Qi

8. What is not the function of Ci Shi?

A. Anchor and calm the spirit
B. Soften hardness and dissipate nodules
C. Nourish LV/KD and improve hearing and vision
D. Aid the KD in grasping the Qi

Quiz /27. Anchor & Calm Shen

 HERBS 425

A. Fu Shen
28. NOURISH & CALM SHEN B. Bai Fu Ling
C. Chi Fu Ling
D. Fu Ling Pi
• SUAN ZAO REN ~!If= Ziziphi Spinosae Semen
• BAI Zl REN ~T-f= Platycladi Semen
• YUAN ZHI ~ $ Polygalae Radix
• YE JIAO TENG ~xili Polygoni Multiflori Caulis
• FU SHEN 1:!i:
~·
Poriae Sclerotium pararadicis

1. What is the function of Suan Zao Ren beside nourishing

the HT and calming Shen?
A. Stop sweating
B. Moisten intestine
C. Expel phlegm
D. Reduces abscesses

2. What herb is good for palpitations, insomnia, poor

memory, dream-disturbed sleep and sweating easily?
A. Yuan Zhi
B. Suan Zao Ren
C. Ye Jiao Teng
D. Da lao

3. Which herb can astringe sweating and nourish the HT

to calm Shen?
A. Long Gu
B. Mu Li
C. Suan Zao Ren
D. Bai Zi Ren

4. Which Shen calming herb can moisten the intestines

and unblock the bowels?
A. Suan Zao Ren
B. Bai Zi Ren
C. Yuan Zhi
D. Ye Jiao Teng

5. Which herb can calm the HT and Shen, dispel phlegm,

open orifices, and reduce sw elling of abscesses?
A. Xuan Shen
B. Pu Gong Ying
C. Ban Xia
D. Yuan Zhi

6. Which of following is not a caution or contra indication

for Yuan Zhi?
A. Deficient Yin with Heat signs
B. Cough with copious phlegm
C. Stomach ulcers
D. Gastritis

7. Which is not a correct sentence about Ye Jiao Teng?

A. Nourish HT, calm Shen and unblock the channels
B. He Shou Wu is from same plant
C. General dosage is 6-9g
D. It alleviates itching used as an external wash

8. What type of Fu Ling is the best for calming Shen?

Quiz I 28. Nourish & Calm Shen

426 HERBS

29. AROMATICS for ORIFICES 30. EXTINGUISH LV WIND

I• NIU HUANG Bovis Calculus • TIAN MA ;R a Gastrodiae Rhizoma

• GOU TENG ill iii uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis
• SHI JUE MING ;o~IJ)l Haliotidis Concha
• BAI Jl Ll 8~~ Tribuli Fructus
1. Which is not the function of Niu Huang? • DAI ZHE SHI t'C~1:i Haematitum
A. Clear HT, open the orifices • Dl LONG ill! n Pheretima
B. Extinguish Wind, and stop tremors
C. Calm the fetus for pregnancy
D. Clear LV, relieve toxicity 1. How would you cook Gou Teng?
A. Cook 30 minutes longer
2. What is the function of Niu Huang? B. Cook last 5-10 minutes
A. Extinguish Wind and stop tremor
C. Wrap in cheesecloth
B. Clear HT and open the orifices
D. Dissolve in strained decoction
C. Drain Heat and relieve toxicity
D. All of the above
2. Which of the following should be cooked no more than
10 minutes?
3. Which herb is contra-indicated for pregnancy? A. Jing Jie
A. Niu Huang
B. Huo Xiang
B. Du Zhong
C. Bai Dou Kou
C. E Jiao
D. Gou Teng
D. Zhu Ru

3. Which herb can extinguish interior Wind and release

4. Which herb is contra-indicated for pregnancy? exterior Wind-Heat?
A. Niu Huang
A. Tian Ma
B. Mu Tong
B. Shi Jue Ming
C. San Qi
C. Gou Teng
D. All of the above
D. Di Long

4. Tian Ma enters _ _ _
A. LU
B. SP
C. KD
D. LV

5. Which herb is very important for treating tremors

regardless of Heat or Cold type?
A. Di Long
B. Tian Ma
C. Shi Jue Ming
D. Gou Teng

6. Which is not a function of Bai Ji Li?

A. Soothe LV Qi and anchor LV Yang
B. Nourish Qi and Blood
C. Dispel Wind-Heat and brighten the eyes
D. Dispel Wind and stop itching

7. Which herb both calms and soothes the LV?

A. Tian Ma
B. Gou Teng
C. Bai Ji Li
D. Di Long

8. Which herb must be used with caution during

pregnancy?
A. Bai Ji Li

Quiz I 29. Aromatics for Orificies, 30. Extinguish Wind

 HERBS 427

B. Gui Zhi
C. Hou Po 31. EXPEL PARASITES
D. All of the above

9. Which Wind extinguisher can brighten the eyes? I· BING LANG Arecae Semen

A. Shi Jue Ming

B. Tian Ma
C. Gou Teng 1. When is the best time to take expelling parasites
D. Di Long herbs?
A. With empty stomach
10. Which herb can drain LV Fire, calm LV Yang and B. Before sleep
cause superficial visual obstructions to recede? C. During meals
A. Che Qian Zi D. After meals
B. Shi Jue Ming
C. Tu Si Zi 2. Which herb not only kills parasites but also moves Qi
D. Nu Zhen Zi and promotes urination?
A. Bai Bu
11. Which herb should be crushed and cooked 60 minutes B. Bing Lang
longer than other herbs? C. Di Fu Zi
A. Gou Teng D. Xian He Cao
B. Bo He
C. Rou Gui 3. Which of following is derived from the same plant as
D. Shi Jue Ming Bing lang?
A. Chen Pi
12. Which herb can clear Heat, extinguish Wind, calm B. Di Gu Pi
asthma, open collaterals, and promote urination? C. Da Fu Pi
A. Long Dan Cao D. Sang Bai Pi
B. Di Long
C. Long Gu
D. Long Van Rou

13. What is the function of Di long?

A. Drain Heat and stop spasm and convulsions
B. Clear Heat and unblock channels and collaterals
C. Calm wheezing and promote urination
D. All of the above

14. What is the function of Dai Zhe Shi?

A. Settle, calm the spirit
B. Cool Blood and stop bleeding
C. Strongly direct rebellious Qi downward
D. All of the above

Quiz I 31. Expel Parasites

428 HERBS

I• SHE CHUANG Zl tttf:'f Cnidii Fructus • ZHU SHA * lO> Clnnabarls

• MA DOU LING .~!l'!!it Aristolochiae Fructus
• CHUAN SHAN JIA !!!! llllfl Manitls Squama
1. Which external application herb can warm the KD and
fortifies the Yang when taking internally?
A. Di Fu Zi 1. Which herb is most suitable for Shen disturbance,
B. She Chuang Zi irritable fever in the chest, palpitation and insomnia caused
C. Zi Cao by hyperactivity of HT Fire?
D. Bai Xian Pi A. Ye Jiao Teng
B. Suan Zao Ren
2. What is the function of She Chuang Zi? C. Zhu Sha
A. Dry Damp, kill parasites and stop itching D. Yuan Zhi
B. Warm KD and fortify the Yang
C. Disperse Cold, dispel Wind, and dry Damp 2. Which herb has a toxic property in nature?
D. All of the above A. Ci Shi
B. Zhu Sha
C. Zhen Zhu
D. Dai Zhe Shi

3. Which herb is used for treating hypertension?

A. Sang Bai Pi
B. Ma Dou ling
C. Shan Zha
D. All of the above

4. Which of the promoting lactation herbs also activates

Blood, promotes menstruation, reduces swelling and
discharges pus?
A. Chuan Shan Jia
B. Pu Gong Ying
C. Mu Tong
D. Wang Bu liu Xing

5. Which herb should not be used for pregnancy?

A. Chuan Xiong
B. Chuan Shan Jia
C. Chi Shao
D. Dan Shen

Quiz I 32. Extemal Use, 33. Obsolete Substances

 HERBS 429

ANSWER KEY I
CH1 52. B 17. B 1. D 13. c 5. B 10. D 23. D 9. c 3. D 10. A CH29
1. c 53. c 18. B 2. D 14. D 6. D 11. c 24. B 10. D 4. B 11. B 1. c
2. D 54. B 19. c 3. B 15. c 7. D CH18 25. D 11. c 5. A 12. A 2. D
3. c 55. c 20. B 4. B 16. D 8. D 1. D 26. D 12. D 6. B 13. c 3. A
4. A CH2 21. D 5. D 17. A 9. B 2. D 27. B 13. c 7. A 14. c 4. D
5. D 1. c 22. D 6. B 18. B 10. D 3. A 28. D 14. D 8. A 15. D CH30
6. B 2. D 23. A 7. D 19. c 11. D 4. D CH20 15. B 9. c 16. D 1. B
7. D 3. B 24. A 8. D 20. D 12. A 5. c 1. D 16. D 10. A CH26 2. D
8. B 4. D CH4 9. D 21. D 13. A 6. D 2. c 17. D 11. B 1. B 3. c
9. D 5. B 1. c 10. B 22. A 14. D 7. B 3. D 18. c 12. A 2. B 4. D
10. B 6. B 2. A 11. D 23. D 15. c 8. c 4. D 19. A 13. B 3. D 5. B
11. B 7. A 3. c 12. c 24. B 16. A 9. B 5. D 20. c 14. A 4. B 6. B
12. D 8. D 4. A 13. A 25. D 17. B 10. c 6. c 21. c 15. A 5. A 7. c
13. D 9. A 5. c 14. D CH12 CH15 11. D 7. D 22. B 16. D 6. B 8. D
14. A 10. B 6. c 15. A 1. c 1. D 12. c 8. B 23. c 17. A 7. D 9. A
15. D 11. A 7. D CH7 2. B 2. A 13. A 9. c 24. D 18. D 8. D 10. B
16. D 12. B 8. D 1. c 3. c 3. D 14. D 10. c 25. B 19. c 9. D 11. D
17. A 13. D 9. c 2. D 4. B 4. B 15. D 11. D 26. B 20. c 10. A 12. B
18. c 14. B 10. D 3. B 5. D 5. A 16. B 12. c 27. D 21. D 11. B 13. D
19. D 15. D 11. c 4. A 6. D 6. D 17. D 13. D 28. D 22. c 12. c 14. D
20. A 16. B 12. D 5. D 7. D 7. D 18. B 14. B 29. c CH24 13. B CH31
21. B 17. A 13. D CH8 8. A 8. c 19. A 15. D 30. B 1. A 14. D 1. A
22. A 18. c 14. D 1. D 9. B 9. A 20. A 16. A 31. D 2. A 15. D 2. B
23. B 19. D 15. A 2. D 10. D CH16 21. B 17. B 32. D 3. D 16. B 3. c
24. D 20. D 16. D 3. A 11. A 1. B 22. D 18. A 33. A 4. A 17. B CH32
25. B 21. A CHS 4. B 12. D 2. D 23. c 19. c CH22 5. A 18. D 1. B
26. B 22. B 1. D 5. D 13. D 3. D 24. A 20. A 1. c 6. c 19. D 2. D
27. B 23. c 2. A 6. A 14. D 4. A 25. D 21. B 2. c 7. A 20. D CH33
28. c 24. A 3. D 7. D 15. A 5. c 26. B 22. A 3. A 8. c 21. B 1. c
29. D 25. D 4. B 8. D 16. c 6. D CH19 23. A 4. c 9. A 22. B 2. B

30. B 26. D 5. A 9. B 17. D 7. A 1. A 24. B 5. D 10. D 23. D 3. D

31. D 27. c 6. B 10. D 18. A 8. B 2. A 25. c 6. D 11. c 24. A 4. A

32. A 28. A 7. c 11. c 19. A 9. D 3. B 26. c 7. c 12. A CH27 5. B

33. A 29. A 8. c 12. A 20. D 10. D 4. A 27. c 8. A 13. D 1. B

34. D 30. B 9. A 13. D 21. D 11. c 5. c 28. D 9. A 14. A 2. D

35. c CH3 10. D CH9 22. D 12. D 6. D 29. D 10. B 15. B 3. B

36. A 1. B 11. D 1. D CH13 13. D 7. A 30. D 11. B 16. A 4. c

37. B 2. B 12. c CH1 0 1. A 14. D 8. D 31. D 12. A 17. D 5. D
38. D 3. A 13. D 1. D 2. A 15. A 9. B 32. D 13. c 18. c 6. D
39. A 4. c 14. D CH11 3. B 16. D 10. A 33. D 14. D 19. D 7. D
40. D 5. c 15. A 1. c 4. D 17. c 11. D 34. D 15. A 20. D 8. B

41. B 6. D 16. c 2. A 5. c 18. A 12. B 35. B 16. B 21. A 9. A

42. c 7. D 17. A 3. D 6. B CH17 13. D 36. D 17. c CH25 10. B

43. c 8. c 18. D 4. D 7. B 1. A 14. A CH21 18. D 1. A CH28

44. B 9. c 19. c 5. B 8. B 2. D 15. D 1. A 19. D 2. c 1. A
45. D 10. D 20. B 6. D 9. D 3. B 16. B 2. D 20. A 3. B 2. B
46. c 11. D 21. B 7. c 10. D 4. D 17. B 3. D 21. A 4. A 3. c
47. D 12. A 22. A 8. c CH14 5. D 18. D 4. B 22. B 5. A 4. B
48. D 13. D 23. B 9. D 1. D 6. B 19. D 5. D 23. B 6. B 5. D
49. A 14. D 24. A 10. B 2. A 7. D 20. B 6. B CH23 7. A 6. B
so. B 15. D 25. A 11. D 3. B 8. D 21. A 7. D 1. D 8. c 7. c
51. B 16. c CH6 12. D 4. A 9. B 22. B 8. D 2. B 9. D 8. A

Quiz I Answer Key

430 HERBS

DUI-YAO (HERB PAIRS) ~!l!i CH!2il

1. RELEASE EXTERIOR 34 BAI QIAN + BAI BU 72 SHU Dl HUANG + DANG GU I

-:+:- WIND-COLD 35 WU WEI Zl + XI XIN 73 SHU Dl HUANG + SHA REN
1 MA HUANG + GUI ZHI 36 WU WEI Zl + GAN JIANG 74 DANG GUI + HUANG Ql
2 MA HUANG + XING REN 37 CHUAN BEl MU + ZHI MU 75 GOU Ql Zl + JU HUA
3 JING JIE + FANG FENG 38 Dl GU PI + SANG BAI PI -:+: YANG TONICS
4 XIN Yl HUA + CANG ER Zl 39 Zl WAN + E JIAO 76 FU Zl + GAN JIANG
·:+:· WIND-HEAT -:+:- DISSOLVE PHLEGM 77 XIAN MAO + YIN YANG HUO
5 SANG YE + JU HUA 40 BAN XIA + CHEN PI 78 DU ZHONG + XU DUAN
6 GE GEN + SHENG MA 41 LAI FU Zl + BAI JIE Zl -:+:- YIN TONICS
42 JIE GENG + GAN CAO 79 TIAN DONG + MAO DONG
2. CLEAR HEAT 43 ZHE BEl MU + XIA KU CAO 80 GUI BAN + BIE JIA
-:+:- QI-LEVEL HEAT 81 MAl MEN DONG + XUAN SHEN
7 SHI GAO + ZHI MU 7. DESCEND ST REBELLIOUS Ql
8 XI XIN + SHI GAO 44 BAN XIA + SHENG JIANG 12. ASTRINGENT
9 ZHI Zl + DAN DOU CHI 45 ZHU RU + BAN XIA -:+:- STOP SWEATING
10 LU GEN + BAI MAO GEN 46 ZHU RU + CHEN PI 82 HUANG Ql + FANG FENG
·:+:· BLOOD-HEAT 47 HUO XIANG + Zl SU YE 83 HUANG Ql + MU Ll
11 MU DAN PI + DAN SH EN 48 WU ZH U YU + HUANG LIAN 84 HUANG Ql + FU Zl
12 CHI SHAO + BAI SHAO 49 XUAN FU HUA + DAI ZHE SHI 85 FU XIAO MAl + HUANG Ql
·:+:- DAMP-HEAT 86 WU MEl + WU WEI Zl
13 HUANG BAI + CANG ZHU 8. HARMONIZING -:+:- STOP DIARRHEA/SPERMATORRHEA
14 HUANG LIAN + MU XIANG -:+:- YING(BLOOD) & WEI{QI) 87 LIAN Zl + QIAN SHI
-:+:- TOXIC-HEAT so GUI ZHI + BAI SHAO 88 ROU DOU KOU + BU GU ZHI
15 JIN YIN HUA + LIAN QIAO 51 SH ENG JIANG + DA ZAO 89 HE Zl + CHEN PI
16 NIU BANG Zl + LIAN QIAO -:+:- SHAOYANG
17 BAN LAN GEN + XUAN SHEN 52 CHAI HU + BAI SHAO 13. CALM SHEN
18 XUAN SHEN + MU Ll 53 CHAI HU + HUANG QIN -:+:- ANCHOR SHEN
-:+:- SUMMER-HEAT 54 BAN XIA + HUANG QIN 90 LONG GU + MU Ll
19 HUA SHI + GAN CAO 55 CAO GUO + CHANG SHAN -:+:- CALM SHEN
-:+:- DEFICIENT-HEAT 91 BAI Zl REN + SUAN ZAO REN
20 QING HAO + BIE JIA 9. MOVE Ql & STOP PAIN 92 SUAN ZAO REN + ZHI Zl
21 ZHI MU + HUANG BAI 56 ZHI KE + JIE GENG 93 BAI HE + ZHI MU
57 GUA LOU + XIE BAI 94 HUANG LIAN + E JIAO
3. PURGATIVES & LAXATIVES 58 XIANG FU + WU YAO -:+:- OPEN THE HT ORIFICE
-:; :- PURGATIVES 59 MU XIANG + BING LANG 95 SHI CHANG PU + YUAN ZHI
22 DA HUANG + MANG XIAO 60 CHUAN LIAN Zl + VAN HU SUO
23 DA HUANG + FU Zl 14. EXTINGUISH LV WIND
-:+:- LAXATIVES 10. REGULATE BLOOD I
96 SHI JUE MING + Cl SHI
24 DANG GUI + ROU CONG RON G -:+:- ACTIVATE BLOOD I
97 Dl LONG + JIANG CHAN
25 TAO REN + XING REN 61 TAO REN + HONG HUA
62 RU XIANG + MO YAO 15. GYNECOLOGY
4. DRAIN DAMP 63 SAN LENG + E ZHU 98 XIANG FU + Yl MU CAO
26 MU TONG + DAN ZHU YE 64 CHUAN XIONG + DANG GU I 99 AI YE + XIANG FU
27 Jl NEI JIN + HAl JIN SHA 65 PU HUANG + WU LING ZHI 100 HUANG QIN + BAI ZHU
28 QU MAl + BIAN XU -:+:- STOP BLEEDING
29 Yl ZHI REN + Bl XI E 66 Dl YU + HUAI HUA
30 HUANG Ql + FANG Jl
11. TONICS
5. DISPEL W-D & STOP PAIN -:+:- Ql TONICS
I
31 QIANG HUO + DU HUO 67 REN SH EN + HUANG Ql
I
32 BAI SHAO + GAN CAO 68 REN SHEN + FU Zl
69 BAI ZHU + FU LING
6. STOP COUGH & PHLEGM 70 CHAI HU + SHENG M A
I
-:+:- STOP COUGH 71 HUANG Ql + SHAN YAO
I
33 Zl WAN + KUAN DONG HUA -:+:- BLOOD TONICS

Dui-Yao (Herb Pairs)

 HERBS 431

1. RELEASE EXTERIOR

1. MA HUANG + GUI ZHI MiYi+tttt C MA HUANG TANG I GE GEN TANG

MAHUANG COMMON GUI ZHI

TASTE sl bitter acrid sweet
NATURE warm
CHANNEL LU UB HT
DOSE 3-lOg 6-lOg
1. Severe chills and fever, aversion to cold, no sweating, headache, body aches due to W-C excess type
INDICATION 2. Bi syndrome (rheumatic pains) due to wind-cold-damp
3. Cough and asthma due to Wind-Cold obstructing the LU Qi

2. MA HUANG + XING REN MiYi+~t:: C MA HUANG TANG I MA XING SHI GAN TANG

MAHUANG COMMON XING REN

TASTE acrid, sl bitter bitter
NATURE warm sl warm, sl toxic
CHANNEL UB LU Ll
DOSE 3-lOg 3-lOg
1. Cough and asthma due to Wind-Cold
INDICATION
2. Cough and asthma due to LU Heat

3. JING JIE + FANG FENG il1J 'i'f'+~.M.\. C XIAO FENG SAN I @ JING FANG BAI DU SAN

JING JIE COMMON FANG FENG

TASTE Acrid sweet
NATURE aromatic sl warm
CHANNEL LU LV SP UB
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Exterior patterns for either W-C or W-H pathogens
2. Early stage of measles and skin eruption with itching
INDICATION
3. Early stage of carbuncle or boils, accompanied by chills and fever
4. Blood in the stool/urine, excessive menstruation, diarrhea, dysentery

4. XIN VI HUA + CANG ER Zl $ l.l:li'E+IJ:I:-T- C @ CANG ER Zl SAN

XIN VI HUA COMMON CANG ER Zl

TASTE acrid sweet, sl bitter
NATURE warm toxic
CHANNEL ST LU
DOSE 3-6g 6-lOg
1. Common cold with headache, nasal congestion, and runny nose due to Wind-Cold
INDICATION 2. Deep source nasal congestion with headache, loss of smell, and turbid nasal phlegm
3. Chronic/acute rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, hypertrophic rhinitis, sinusitis, parasinusitis, and frontal sinusitis

5. SANG YE + JU HUA ~ ¥+ ~1£ C SANG JU YIN

SANG YE COMMON JU HUA

TASTE sweet, bitter
NATURE cold sl cold
CHANNEL LV LU
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Fever, aversion to wind, light sweating, cough, headache and slight thirst due to Wind-Heat
INDICATION
2. Headache, vertigo, photophobia, and red, swollen, painful eyes due to LV Yang rising

Dui-Yao /1. Release Exterior

432 HERBS

6. GE GEN + SHENG MA lMlh7tlU C @ SHENG MA GE GEN TANG

GE GEN COMMON SHENG MA
TASTE sweet, acrid
NATURE cool sl cold
CHANNEL SP ST Ll LU
DOSE 6-10g 3-6g
1. Early stage of measles, headache, fever
INDICATION
2. Incomplete eruption of measles, fever

2. CLEAR HEAT

7. SHI GAO + ZHI MU :0 - +~ilt C BAI HU TANG

SHI GAO COMMON ZHI MU

TASTE sweet, acrid bitter
NATURE very cold cold
CHANNEL LU ST KD
DOSE 15-30g 6-10g
1. 4 Bigs: high fever, profuse sweating, great thirst, surging pulse due to Heat in Qi level
INDICATION
2. Xiao Ke (U.J.) with polydipsia, a dry mouth and tongue, and great thirst due to excess LU Heat

8. XI XIN + SHI GAO *Hl$+:0Jf

XI XIN COMMON SHI GAO

TASTE acrid sweet
NATURE warm very cold
CHANNEL KD LU ST
DOSE 1-3g 15-30g
1. ST Heat: toothache, bleeding/swollen/painful gums, oral ulcers, and glossitis
INDICATION
2. Headache due to Wind-Heat entering the clear orifices

9. ZHI Zl + DAN DOU CHI ~=f+5!lt~ili C @ ZHI Zl CHI TANG

ZHI Zl COMMON DAN DOU CHI

TASTE bitter sweet, sl bitter
NATURE cold
CHANNEL HT LV LU ST SJ LU ST
DOSE 4.5-10g 6-lOg
1. Irritability and agitation, insomnia, and vexation during or after a Warm-febrile disease
INDICATION
2. External contraction of W-H of febrile disease

10. LU GEN + BAI MAO GEN i.it~R+B~~R

LU GEN COMMON BAI MAO GEN

TASTE sweet
NATURE cold
CHANNEL LU ST Sl UB
DOSE 10-15g 10-15g
1. Fever, thirst, and irritability due to Wa rm-febrile disease or Wind-Heat
2. Cough/wheezing due to LU Heat
3. Early stage of measles due to Toxic-Heat
INDICATION
4. Acute nephritis, urinary tract infection accompanied by fever, dysuria, or edema
5. Nausea/vomiting due to ST Heat
6. Epidemic hemorrhagic fever -

Dui-Yao /2. Clear Heat

 HERBS 433

11. MU DAN PI + DAN SHEN 'IJI:f!-!Si'+fl-ili

MU DAN PI COMMON DAN SHEN
TASTE acrid bitter
NATURE cool sl cold
CHANNEL LV KD HT PC LV
DOSE 6-10g 10-1Sg
1. Blood Heat: Hematemesis, epistaxis, metrorrhagia, purpura, rubella, and pruritis
2. Menstrual irregularities or postpartum abdominal pain due to Blood-Heat causing Blood stasis
INDICATION
3. Continuous, low grade fever due to Yin deficiency
4. Hot, red, swollen, painful joints due to Heat-Bi

12. CHI SHAO + BAI SHAO ;ff-9+8 9

CHI SHAO COMMON BAI SHAO

TASTE bitter, sour
NATURE sl cold
CHANNEL LV SP
DOSE 6-10g 6-10g
1. Blood-Heat, Chronic low-grade fever
2. Yin and Body-fluid deficiency, dry mouth, red and painful eyes
INDICATION
3. Chest and hypochondriac pain, abdominal pain
4. Irregular menstruation, amenorrhea due to Blood deficiency and stasis with Heat

13. HUANG BAI + CANG ZHU j'i{tJ3+if71t C @ ER MIAO SAN

HUANG BAI COMMON CANG ZHU

TASTE bitter acrid
NATURE cold warm aromatic
CHANNEL KD UB SP ST
DOSE 6-10g 6-10g
1. Wilting of the lower limbs with pain due to Damp-Heat pouring downward to the lower part
INDICATION 2. Damp-Heat in the genital area: vaginal discharge, external vaginal itching, and cloudy, scanty urination
3. Red, swollen, hot, painful joints due to Wind-Damp-Heat Bi syndrome

14. HUANG LIAN + MU XIANG J!\'~4~ C @ XIANG LIAN WAN

HUANG LIAN COMMON MU XIANG

TASTE bitter acrid
NATURE cold warm
CHANNEL HT LV Ll ST GB SP
DOSE 6-10g 3-10g
INDICATION 1. Dysentery with abdominal pain and tenesmus due to Damp-Heat and Qi stagnation in the Lower Jiao

15. JIN YIN HUA + LIAN QIAO :&~1£+~1!!1 C YIN QIAO SAN

JIN YIN HUA COMMON LIAN QIAO

TASTE sw eet bitter, sl acrid
NATURE cold cool
CHANNEL Ll LU ST HT LV GB
DOSE 10-15g 10-15g
1. Cold and influenza due to Wind-Heat
2. Warm-febrile disease with internal heat
INDICATION 3. Headache, eye pain, toothache, sinusitis, and painful, sw ollen throat due to Wind-Heat
4. Skin eruption with pruritus due to Wind-Heat
5. Skin inflammation due to Toxic-Heat

Dui-Yao /2. Clear Heat

434 HERBS

16. NIU BANG Zl + LIAN QIAO 4'lil'-T+iUJ C YIN QIAO SAN

and acute febrile macu rash

17. BAN LAN GEN + XUAN SHEN :t&iHR+~~ C @ BAN LAN DA QING TANG

18. XUAN SHEN + MU L1 ~~+!JHIJi C ® XIAO LUO WAN

1. Neck lumps or nodules such as in scrofula, lipoma, swollen glands, patterns of phlegm fire
2. Also used for similar nodules in the nal canal and other

19. HUA SHI + GAN CAO iiN5+1:t:1j[ C ® LIU Yl SAN

1. Summer-Heat and damp: marked by fever, restlessness, thirst, diarrhea, difficulty in urine
INDICATION
2. Damp-Heat or UB marked by dark urine, difficulty & painful urination or urinary stone

20. QING HAO + BIE JIA l!f~+!!t Ell C QING HAO BIE JIA TANG

1. Steaming bone fever, night sweat, cough due to Yin deficiency

INDICATION 2. Malaria
3. Later of warm-febrile disease

21. ZHI MU + HUANG BAI ~Ht+Jii;te C @ ZHI BAI Dl HUANG WAN

·•''• ;•:>··;i'' l:;i.... ;•·•;•; •<~l.m!!!t+:: f.·•····· ·····• r·· > •·· ·:•• r: . ·.:······· •·:···········••l.i .; . + •·••·····.·•.
TASTE bitter
NATURE cold
CHANNEL LU ST KD UB
DOSE 6-10g 6-10g
1. Yin deficiency heat: afternoon fever, steaming bones, and night sweat, seminal emission
INDICATION 2. Excessive sexual desire and easy erection due to deficient Fire and hyperactive Mingmen-Fire
3. Dysuria due to Yin deficiency and to Yang losing its ability to transform

Dui-Yao I 2. Clear Heat

 HERBS 435

3. PURGATIVES & LAXATIVES

22. DA HUANG + MANG XIAO ;i;:}J{+cli?l C DA CHENG Ql TANG / TIAO WEI CH ENG Q l TANG

DA HUANG COMMON MANG XIAO

TASTE bitter acrid, salty
NATURE cold very cold
CHANNEL HT LV Ll ST
DOSE 3-10g 6-15g
1. Constipation with hard, dry stools and abdominal pain due to Heat accumulation
INDICATION 2. Constipation with high fever, tidal fever, mental confusion due to excess heat in Yang Ming Fu
3. Chronic or severe constipation due to Heat

23. DA HUANG + FU Zl ;i;:}J{+m-T- C @ DA HUANG FU Zl TANG

DA HUANG COMMON FU Zl
TASTE bitter acrid
NATURE cold hot, toxic
CHANNEL Ll LV ST HT KD SP
DOSE 6-10g 6-10g
INDICATION 1. Constipation, abdominal pain, aversion to cold, and cold limbs due to Cold accumulation

24. DANG GUI + ROU CONG RONG a' M + ~ fi ~ C @ Jl CHUAN JIAN

DANG GUI COMMON ROU CONG RONG

TASTE acrid, bitter sweet salty
NATURE warm
CHANNEL LV SP HT KD Ll
DOSE 10-15g 15-60g
1. Constipation due to body fluid deficiency after Warm-febrile disease, giving birth
INDICATION
2. Constipation due to blood deficiency, especially for elderly/deficient constitution

25. TAO REN + XING REN :fl~l=+ i'!i1= C ® W U REN WAN

TAO REN COMMON XING REN

TASTE sweet bitter
NATURE neutral sl w arm, sl toxic
CHANNEL HT LV Ll LU
DOSE 6-10 g 6-10g
1. Chest, epigastric, and lower abdominal pain due t o Qi stagnation and blood stasis
INDICATION 2. Constipation of the deficient type due t o dryness in the Ll
3. Constipation of the excess t ype due to Qi stagnation

4. DRAIN DAMP

26. MU TONG + DAN ZHU YE *im+iiUt:li!; C @ DAO CHI SAN

MU TONG COMMON DAN ZHU YE

TASTE bitter sweet, bland
NATURE cool cold
CHANNEL UB HT 51 ST
DOSE 3-9g 6-9g
INDICATION 1. Irritability, sores of the mouth and tongue, and dark, scanty urine due t o HT Heat transform into Sl

Dui·Yao / 3. Purgatives & Laxatives

436 HERBS

27. Jl NEI JIN + HAl JIN SHA ~P\J~+~~;p

Jl NEI JIN COMMON HAl JIN SHA

TASTE sweet
NATURE neutral sl cold
CHANNEL 5P 5T UB 51
DOSE S-lOg 10-lSg
1. Stone strangury and urinary lithiasis due to Damp-Heat in UB
INDICATION
2. Gallstones due to Damp-Heat in GB

28. QU MAl + BIAN XU l'llll'+l'ill C @ BA ZHENG SAN

QU MAl COMMON BIAN XU

TASTE bitter
NATURE cold sl, cold
CHANNEL HT 51 UB
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lSg
1. Turbid Lin due to Damp-Heat
INDICATION 2. Dysuria due to Heat-Lin
3. Acute nephritis, urinary tract infection due to Damp-Heat

29. VI ZHI REN + Bl XIE liii~l=+li:~ C @ Bl XIE FEN QING YIN

VI ZHI REN COMMON Bl XIE

TASTE acrid bitter
NATURE warm neutral
CHANNEL KD 5P UB LV 5T
DOSE 6-lOg 10-lSg
1. Turbid urine, frequent urination, and Lin syndrome due to KD deficiency
INDICATION
2. Leukorrhea, urethritis, and milky urine (Gao-Lin) due to KD milky urine due to KD deficiency

30. HUANG Ql + FANG Jl JI{~ +~Jic C @ FANG Jl HUANG Ql TANG

HUANG Ql COMMON FANG Jl

TASTE sweet bitter, acrid
NATURE sl warm cold
CHANNEL LU 5P UB KD
DOSE 10-lSg 6-lOg
1. Wind-Edema due to Wei Qi deficiency
INDICATION
2. Bi syndrome due to Wind-Damp with Wei Qi deficiency made by arthralgia, numbness of extrem ities

5. DISPEL WIND-DAMP & STOP MUSCULAR PAIN

31. QIANG HUO + DU HUO 5'i:iiS+1!5 iiS C REN SHEN BA I DU SAN

QIANG HUO COMMON DU HUO

TASTE acrid, bitter
NATURE aromatic warm
CHANNEL KD UB
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Moving rheumatic pains all over the body
INDICATION 2. Common cold with fever, shivers, HA, neck pain, and joint pain due to Wind-Cold-Damp
3. Joint running wind due to Wind-Cold-Damp penetrating the channels and network vessels

Dui-Yao /4. Drain Damp, 5. Dispel Wind-Damp

 HERBS 437

32. BAI SHAD + GAN CAO 89+1t:ijt C @ SHAO YAO GAN CAO TAN G

BAI SHAD COMMON GAN CAO

TASTE bitter, sour sweet
NATURE cool neutral
CHANNEL LV SP 10channel
DOSE 10-15g(up to GOg) 6-10g
1. Spasms and pain in the limbs due to disharmony between the Qi and Blood
INDICATION 2. Abdom inal pain due to LV and SP disharmony
3. Headaches due to blood deficiency

6. STOP COUGH & DISSOLVE PHLEGM

33. Zl WAN + KUAN DONG HUA ~~+ii'.!.:~i't C @ SHE GAN MA HUAN G TANG

Zl WAN COMMON KUAN DONG HUA

TASTE bitter acrid
NATURE sl warm warm
CHANNEL LU
DOSE 6-10g 6-10g
INDICATION 1. Cough and phlegm due to various etiologies primarily used for Cold induced cough (warm, but not dry)

34. BAI QIAN + BAI BU Biltr+allll C ZHI SO U SAN

BAI QIAN COMMON BAI BU

TASTE acrid sweet bitter
NATURE sl warm
CHANNEL LU
DOSE 6-10g 6-10g
1. Chronic cough
INDICATION
2. Common cold, influenza, bronchitis, pulmon ary tuberculosis

35. WU WEI Zl + XI XIN lilit·'f+*IH"F C @ XIAO QIN G LONG TAN G

WU WEI Zl COMMON XI XIN

TASTE sour acrid
NATURE warm
CHANNEL HT LU KD
DOSE 3-10 1-3
1. Cough and asthma due to W ind or accumulation of Cold-Phlegm in LU
INDICATION
2. Chronic cough and asthma due to LU and KD deficiency

36. WU WEI Zl + GAN JIANG lillt-T+~I C @ XIAO QI NG LON G TAN G

WU WEI Zl COMMON GAN JIANG

TASTE sour acrid
NATURE warm hoy
CHANNEL KD HT LU SP ST
DOSE 3-10 6-10
INDICATION 1. Cough and asthma accompanied by profu se, cle ar, and wh ite phlegm due to Cold in LU

37. CHUAN BEl MU + ZHI MU Jll J'l. ilh~ffl

CHUAN BEl MU COMMON ZHI MU

TASTE sweet bitter
NATURE sl cold cold
CHANNEL HT LU ST KD
DOSE 6-10g 6-10g
1. Dry cough with little phlegm and difficult expectorat ion due to LU yin deficiency
INDICATION
2. Cough due to LU Heat wh ich cau ses LU Dryness

Dui-Yao /6. Stop Cough & Dissolve Phlegm

438 HERBS

38. Dl GU PI + SANG BAI PI ±1!!~$:+~6$: C @ XIE BAI SAN

Dl GU PI COMMON SANG BAI PI

TASTE sweet
NATURE cold
CHANNEL LV KD LU SP
DOSE 6-lOg 10-lSg
1. Cough and asthma with yellow, sticky and thick phlegm, fever and thirst due to LU Heat
INDICATION
2. Cough accompanied by evening fever with skin which is warm to the touch due to LU deficient Heat

39. Zl WAN + E JIAO ~~+,iiJnll C @ Zl WAN TANG

Zl WAN COMMON E JIAO

TASTE bitter sweet
NATURE sl warm neutral
CHANNEL LU KD LV
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
INDICATION l.LU deficiency due to chronic cough, blood sputum

40. BAN XIA + CHEN PI '1>!1:+1!*$: C ER CHEN TANG / BAN XIA BAI ZHU TIAN MA TANG

BAN XIA COMMON CHEN PI

TASTE acrid bitter
NATURE toxic warm aromatic
CHANNEL LU SP ST
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Cough due to an accumulation of Damp-Phlegm
INDICATION
2. Chest oppression, nausea, and vomiting due to ST disharmony and Damp-Phlegm accumulation

41. LAI FU Zl + BAI JIE Zl JIJI1Ff+Bfi--T C @ SAN Zl YANG QIN TANG

LAI FU Zl COMMON BAI JIE Zl

TASTE sweet acrid
NATURE neutral warm
CHANNEL SP-ST LU
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Cough with copious, clear bubbly sputum and pain, fullness in the chest due to Cold-Phlegm
INDICATION
2. Chronic cough/phlegm in elderly and deficient patient

42. JIE GENG + GAN CAO tM~ + 1t:!\!: C @ GAN JIE TANG

JIE GENG COMMON GAN CAO

TASTE sweet bitter, acrid
NATURE neutral
CHANNEL HT SP ST LU
DOSE 9-lSg S-lOg
1. Pulmonary abscess with cough, profuse phlegm, and chest oppression due to Heat stagnation
INDICATION 2. Pain, redness, and swelling of the throat due to Heat (deficiency/excess, external/internal)
3. Loss of voice, hoarse/husky voice

43. ZHE BEl MU + XIA KU CAO ;jJiJl.Ht+!l:t.'i:!\!:

ZHE BEl MU COMMON XIA KU CAO
TASTE bitter acrid
NATURE cold
CHANNEL HT LU LV GB
DOSE 6-lOg 10-lSg
1. Neck lumps/nodules such as in scrofula, lipoma, swollen glands, or goiter due to Phlegm-Fire
INDICATION
2. Similar nodules in the inguinal canal and other parts of the body

Dui-Yao /6. Stop Cough & Dissolve Phlegm

 HERBS 439

7. DESCEND ST REBELLIOUS Ql

44. BAN XIA + SHENG JIANG 'f,-~ + joJl C BAN XIA HOU PO TANG / ER CHEN TANG

BAN XIA COMMON SHENG JIANG

TASTE acrid
NATURE warm
CHANNEL LU SP ST
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Nausea, vomiting with no thirst, and greasy tongue coating due to Damp-Phlegm in Middle Jiao
INDICATION
2. Enduring cough with white, watery, and profuse phlegm

45. ZHU RU + BAN XIA tt'lih*Jl: C WEN DAN TANG

ZHU RU COMMON BAN XIA

TASTE sweet acrid
NATURE sl, Cold warm, toxic
CHANNEL GB LU ST SP
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Hiccup, nausea, and vomiting due to disharmony and counterflow of ST Qi
INDICATION 2. Vertigo, agitation and insomnia due to Phlegm turbidity
3. Nausea/vomiting during pregnancy due to disharmony of ST, Phlegm-Heat or ST Heat

46. ZHU RU + CHEN PI ttllii+i!l.Bt C JU PI ZHU RU TANG

ZHU RU COMMON CHEN PI

TASTE sweet acrid, bitter
NATURE sl cold warm, aromatic
CHANNEL GB LU ST SP
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Nausea, vomiting and epigastric/abdominal distention due to SP/ST deficiency mixed with Cold and Heat
INDICATION
2. Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

47. HUO XIANG + Zl SU VE il'llf+~in'il: C HUO XIANG ZHENG Ql SAN

HUO XIANG COMMON Zl SU VE

TASTE acrid
NATURE sl Warm warm, aromatic
CHANNEL ST LU SP
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Disharmony SP/ST, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea due to Wind-Cold Exterior + Damp Interior
INDICATION
2. Nausea, diarrhea due to Summer-Heat disorders

48. WU ZHU VU + HUANG LIAN !RJiU~:+ji\' l! C @ ZUO JIN WAN

WU ZHU VU COMMON HUANG LIAN
TASTE acrid bitter
NATURE hot, sl toxic cold
CHANNEL SP KD LV ST HT Ll
DOSE 2-Sg 3-lOg
1. Acid regurgitation, nausea, belching, clamoring stomach, and bitter taste due to LV Fire attacking ST
INDICATION
2. Diarrhea and dysentery due to Damp-Heat

49. XUAN FU HUA + DAI ZHE SHI MEllf't+fi:MI:O C @ XUAN FU DAI ZHE TANG
XUAN FU HUA COMMON DAI ZHE SHI
TASTE acrid bitter
NATURE sl w arm cold
CHANNEL LU SP ST LV HT PC
DOSE 4.5-6g 10-lSg
1. Nausea, vomiting and hiccup due to turbid phlegm stagnation in diaphragm area
INDICATION 2. Cough and wheezing with phlegm, nose bleed, hematemesis
3. Hypertension

Dui-Yao /7. Descend ST Qi

440 HERBS

8. HARMONIZING

SO. GUI ZHI + BAI SHAO titt+89 C GUI ZHI TANG

GUI ZHI COMMON BAI SHAO

TASTE acrid, sweet bitter, sour
NATURE warm cool
CHANNEL HT LU UB LV SP
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Chills and fever, slight sweating, headache due to W-C deficient type (Ying and Wei disharmony)
2. Spontaneous or night sweats accompanied by aversion to Wind (Ying and Wei disharmony)
3. Chest and cardiac pain due to HT Yang deficiency (disharmony between the Qi and Blood)
INDICATION 4. Abdominal pain with spasms and cramps due to deficient Cold (disharmony between t he Qi and Blood)
s. Pain or numbness of the limb (disharmony between the Qi and blood)
6. Nausea/vomiting during pregnancy with aversion to cold, no appetite, weak pulse (SP/ST disharmony)
7. Weakness in elderly, postpartum, post-surgery, aversion to wind, sweating (Ying and Wei disharmony)

51. SHENG JIANG + DA ZAO ~ll+xl» C GUI ZHI TANG I SHI QUAN DA BU TANG

SHENG JIANG COMMON DA ZAO

TASTE acrid sweet
NATURE warm neutral
CHANNEL LU SP ST
DOSE 2-5 pieces 2-S fruits
1. Sweating, Aversion to wind, and fever due to disharmony between Ying(constructive) and Wei(defensive)
INDICATION
2. Fatigue, lack of strength, abdominal pain, and no appetite due to disharmony between Ying and Wei

52. CHAI HU + BAI SHAO !ll§·i;!l+89 C XIAO YAO SAN I 51 Nl SAN

CHAI HU COMMON BAI SHAO

TASTE acrid bitter sour
NATURE cool
CHANNEL GB PC SJ LV SP
DOSE 6-lOg 10-lSg
1. LV Qi stagnation causing disharmony between the Qi and blood
INDICATION 2. Vertigo, unclear vision, menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, breast distention, PMS
3. Disharmony between LV and SP

53. CHAI HU + HUANG QIN !li!iiill+Ji\'~ C XIAO CHAI HU TANG

CHAI HU COMMON HUANG QIN

TASTE acrid bitter
NATURE cool cold
CHANNEL LV PC SJ GB LU Ll ST
DOSE S-lOg 6-lOg
1. Alternating fever and chills, a bitter taste, dry throat, dizziness, nausea due to Shao Yang syndrome
INDICATION 2. M alaria due to a Shao yang syndrome
3. LV Qi stagnation transforming into Fire

54. BAN XIA + HUANG QIN 'I>~+Ji\'~ C XIAO CHAI HU TANG / BAN XIA XIE XIN TANG

BAN XIA COMMON HUANG QIN

TASTE acrid bitter
NATURE warm, toxic cold
CHANNEL SP LU ST GB Ll
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Nausea and vomiting due to Shao Yang syndrome
INDICATION 2. Phlegm Heat
3. Pi syndrome: nausea, no appetite and sensation of fullness in the stomach due to mixed Heat/Cold

Dui-Yao /8. Harmonizing

 HERBS 441

55. CAO GUO + CHANG SHAN 1l!* + ~ W-1

CAO GUO COMMON CHANG SHAN

TASTE acrid bitter
NATURE warm cold, toxic
CHANNEL SP ST HT LV LU
DOSE 6-lOg S-lOg
1. Disharmony between exterior and interior, Alternating chills and fever
INDICATION
2. Malarial disorder, Cold-Damp, no appetite, fatigue, Parasites

9. MOVE Ql & STOP PAIN

56. ZHI KE + JIE GENG ffi~+tM.f C REN SHEN BAI DU SAN I XUE FU ZHU YU TANG

ZHI KE COMMON JIE GENG

TASTE bitter acrid
NATURE cool neutral
CHANNEL SP ST LU
DOSE 3-lOg 3-lOg
1. Chest oppression and distention or chest Bi due to accumulation of Phlegm and Qi stagnation
INDICATION
2. Epigastric distention and difficult defecation due to disturbance of ascending and descending

57. GUA LOU + XIE BAI 11\~+Hts C @ GUA LOU XIE BAI BAI JIU TANG

GUA LOU COMMON XIE BAI

TASTE sweet acrid, bitter
NATURE cold warm
CHANNEL Ll LU ST
DOSE 10-20g 5-lSg
1. Chest Bi, cardiac disease due to turbid Phlegm blocking the Qi and Yang of the chest
INDICATION
2. Constipation due to fluid dryness of the Ll or to Qi stagnation

58. XIANG FU + WU YAO iHtt'f+ffi.;;!¥! C @ WU YAO SAN I @ GE XIA ZHU YU TANG

XIANG FU COMMON WU YAO

TASTE sl bitter, sl sweet acrid
NATURE neutral warm
CHANNEL LV SJ KD UB LU SP
DOSE 10-lSg 6-lOg
1. Abdominal distention and pain due to cold constraint and Qi stagnation
INDICATION 2. Acute/chronic hepatitis
3. Acute/ chronic dysentery, tenesmus

59. MU XIANG + BING LANG * 'lli+t~m C @ MU XIANG BING LANG WAN

MU XIANG COMMON BING LANG

TASTE acrid, bitter
NATURE warm
CHANNEL GB SP Ll ST
DOSE S-lOg 10-12g
1. No appetite, abdominal dist ention/pain, difficult defecation due to food retention in ST and intestine
INDICATION 2. Dysentery or diarrhea with tenesmus and abdominal pain due to Qi stagnation
3. Constipation or difficult defecation due to Qi st agnation

Dui-Yao /9. Move Qi & Stop Pain

442 HERBS

60. CHUAN LIAN Zl + YAN HU SUO Jil'lt-T-+N~* C @ JIN LING Zl SAN

CHUAN LIAN Zl COMMON YAN HU SUO

TASTE bitter acrid
NATURE cold, toxic warm
CHANNEL UB 51 LV ST HT LU
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lSg
1. Pain in HT, epigastrium, abdomen, and lateral costal regions due to LV Qi stagnation or Blood stasis
2. Dysmenorrhea and menstrual irregularities due to Qi stagnation and/or Blood stasis
INDICATION
3. Inguinal hernia or diseases of the scrotum/testicles due to Qi stagnating in the LV channel
4. Hepatitis, cholecystitis, and angiocholitis due to Damp-Heat in LV/GB

10. REGULATE BLOOD

61. TAO REN + HONG HUA :jj~i=+U:ft C @ TAO HONG 51 WU TANG

TAO REN COMMON HONG HUA

TASTE bitter, sweet acrid
NATURE neutral warm
CHANNEL Ll LU HT LV
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Cardiac and chest pain due to HT Blood stasis
INDICATION 2. Amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, menstrual irregularities, and dark blood clots due to Blood stasis
3. Fixed, stabbing, and severe pain aggravate by pressure to Blood stasis

62. RU XIANG + MO YAO flii'+iil¥! C XIAO HUO LUO DAN

RU XIANG COMMON MO YAO

TASTE acrid bitter
NATURE warm neutral
CHANNEL HT LV SP
DOSE 3-lOg 3-lOg
1. Pain due to Qi and blood stagnation in the viscera and bowels or channels and network vessels
2. Amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, or postpartum abdominal pain due to blood stasis
INDICATION 3. Bi syndrome due to Wind-Damp causing Qi and blood stagnation in the network vessels
4. Wounds, scars, and skin inflammations with Bood stasis and necrotic tissue
s. Traumatic injuries with pain, swelling, and redness due to Qi stagnation and blood stasis

63. SAN LENG + E ZHU 2~+iillt C @ E LENG TONG JING TANG

SAN LENG COMMON E ZHU
TASTE bitter, acrid
NATURE neutral warm
CHANNEL LV SP
DOSE S-lOg S-lOg
1. Abdominal mass, lump glomus, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly due to Qi/Biood stagnation
INDICATION 2. Amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, clots in the menstrual flow, and infertility, due to Blood stasis
3. Abdominal pain due to Food accumulation

64. CHUAN XIONG + DANG GUI Jii~+~M C 51 WU TANG

CHUAN XIONG COMMON DANG GUI

TASTE acrid sweet, bitter
NATURE warm
CHANNEL GB PC LV HT SP
DOSE 6-lOg 6-lOg
1. Menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, and postpartum abdominal pain due to Blood stasis
2. Rheumatic pain due to W-D and blood deficiency
INDICATION
3. Headaches due to Blood deficiency or Blood stasis
4. Wounds, ulcers, or cutaneous inflammations due to Qi/Biood deficiency with Qi/Biood stagnation

Dui-Yao /10. Regulate Blood

 HERBS 443

65. PU HUANG + WU liNG ZHI IT!iJii'+li~Ui C @ SHI XIAO SAN

PU HUANG COMMON WU liNG ZHI

TASTE sweet, acrid bitter, sweet
NATURE neutral warm
CHANNEL HT LV SP
DOSE 6-10g 6-12g
1. Epigastric, cardiac, abdominal, and lateral costal pain due to Qi/Biood stagnation
INDICATION
2. Menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, postpartum pain due to retention of lochia or Blood stasis

66. Dl YU + HUAI HUA ±i!!~+tlti'E C @ HUAI YU JIAN

Dl YU COMMON HUAI HUA

TASTE sour bitter
NATURE sl cold cool
CHANNEL ST LV Ll
DOSE 6-15g 6-15g
INDICATION 1. Hot bleeding, hemorrhoids

11. TONICS

67. REN SHEN + HUANG Ql J...'ii+J\1:~ C BU ZHONG VI Ql TANG

REN SHEN COMMON HUANG Ql

TASTE sl bitter sweet
NATURE sl warm
CHANNEL LU SP
DOSE 6-12g 10-15g
1. Chronic illness leading to Qi deficiency
2. Rectal and uterine prolapse and gastric ptosis due to SP Qi sinking
INDICATION
3. Lack of appetite, loose stool, fatigue, and spontaneous sweating due to Qi deficiency
4. Low grade fever due to Qi deficiency

68. REN SHEN + FU Zl J...i'+Mt.:Y. C @ SAN BU TANG I @ 51 Nl JIA REN SHEN TANG

REN SHEN COMMON FU Zl

TASTE sweet, sl bitter acrid
NATURE sl w arm hot, toxic
CHANNEL LU SP HT KD
DOSE 6-30g 6-10
1. Chronic disease, loss of blood, HT disease with cold limbs, cold spontaneous sweating
INDICATION 2. Collapse of Qi, minute pulse
3. Jue Yin syndrome in Shang Han Lun, cold limbs

69. BAI ZHU + FU liNG l=lltt+'fJ:* C 51 JUN Zl TANG I (['~) LING GUI ZHU GAN TANG

BAI ZHU COMMON FU liNG

TASTE bitter sweet bland
NATURE warm neutral
CHANNEL ST SP HT LU
DOSE 10-15g 10-15g
1. Edema, accumu lation of Damp caused by SP deficiency
2. Fatigue, weakness in limbus, loose stool caused by SP deficiency with Damp accumulation
INDICATION
3. Vertigo, blurred vision, heart palpitation due to Damp-Phlegm
4. Chronic cough due to Damp-Phlegm and SP deficiency

Dui-Yao /11. Tonics

444 HERBS

70. CHAI HU + SHENG MA ~M+71-lli! C BU ZHONG VI Ql TANG

Ctw HU tolliiMON SHENG MA

TASTE bitter acrid sweet
NATURE cool
CHANNEL LV GB PC SJ LU Ll SP ST
DOSE 6-lOg 3-6g
1. Uterine prolapse, rectal prolapse, gastric ptosis due to central Qi sinking
2. metrorrhagia and abnormal vaginal discharge due to central Qi sinking
INDICATION
3. chronic diarrhea or chronic dysentery due to central Qi sinking
4. SOB and dyspnea with feeling of oppression and falling of the LU due to Qi sinking

71. HUANG Ql + SHAN YAO :lfi\!HlHl

HUANG Ql ~JIIIMON SHAN VAO

TASTE sweet
NATURE sl warm neutral
CHANNEL LU SP KD
DOSE 9-30g 9-30g
1. Xiao-Ke syndrome {Diabetes)
INDICATION
2. Chronic gastritis, SP and ST Qi deficiency

72. SHU Dl HUANG + DANG GUI :lM!!!:lfi+"li'i~ C 51 WU TANG

SHU Dl HUANG ·COMMON DANG·GUI

TASTE sweet acrid, bitter
NATURE sl warm warm
CHANNEL KD HT LV SP
DOSE 6-lSg 6-lOg
1. Chronic cough/asthma due to Yin deficiency of the KD associated with Blood deficiency
INDICATION 2. Blood deficiency
3. Constipation due to blood deficiency

73. SHU Dl HUANG + SHA REN '-!!:tl!!:lfi+o:Jit

SHU Dl. HUANG COMMON SHAREN

TASTE sweet acrid
NATURE sl warm warm, aromatic
CHANNEL HT KD LV SP ST
DOSE 10-30g 2-Sg
INDICATION 1. Blood/Yin/Jing deficiency associated with weakness of SP/ST

74. DANG GUI + HUANG Ql "li!i~+:lfi\! C ® DANG GUI BU XUE TANG

DANG GUI COMMON HUANG Ql

TASTE acrid , bitter sweet
NATURE warm sl warm
CHANNEL HT LV SP LU
DOSE 6-9g 1 : 5 RATIO 15-30g
1. Delayed menstruation, postpartum weakness, agalactia due to Qi and blood deficiency
2. Low grade fever due to Blood deficiency
INDICATION 3. Sores and welling abscesses which do not heal due to Qi and Blood deficiency
4. Numbness of the limbs due to blood deficiency not nourishing the sinews
5. Various hemorrhages due to Qi not containing the Blood within the vessels

Dui-Yao /11. Tonics

 HERBS 445

75. GOU Ql Zl + JU HUA t'iiJ~cT-+ii!HE C @ Ql JU Dl HUANG WAN

GOU Ql Zl COMMON JU HUA
TASTE sweet bitter
NATURE neutral sl cold
CHANNEL KD LU LV
DOSE 10·15g 6-15g
1. Eye disorders: Blurred vision, diminished visual acuity, photophobia, dry eyes with possible headache
INDICATION
2. Pain in the low back and knees due to LV/KD deficiency

76. FU Zl + GAN JIANG ~1H+~I C 51 Nl TANG

FU Zl COMMON GAN JIANG
TASTE acrid
NATURE toxic hot
CHANNEL KD HT SP LU
DOSE 6-10g ST
1. Loss of consciousness, cold perspiration, cold limbs, and a minute pulse due to Yang collapse
INDICATION
2. Pain and feeling of cold in the ST and abdomen, vomiting/diarrhea due to SP deficient cold

77. XIAN MAO + YIN YANG HUO iili¥+ ~ -'Fili C ~ ER XIAN TANG

XIAN MAO COMMON YIN YANG HUO

TASTE acrid sweet
NATURE hot toxic warm
CHANNEL KD LV
DOSE 6-10 6-15g
1. Menopausal syndrome due to KD Yin/Yang deficiency
INDICATION
2. Hypertension accompanied by cold limbs, aversion to cold, weakness of back and knee

78. DU ZHONG + XU DUAN HA•+*llllf

DU ZHONG COMMON XU DUAN
TASTE sweet, sl acrid bitter acrid
NATURE warm sl warm
CHANNEL KD LV
DOSE 10-12g 10-12g
1. Aches/pains, stiffness, lumbar pain, and weakness of lower limbs due to LV/KD(sinew/bone) deficiency
INDICATION 2. Knee and lumbar pain due to Wind-Damp or Trauma
3. Metrorrhagia during pregnancy, threatened miscarriage and lumbago due to KD deficienc

79 TIAN MEN DONG + MAl MEN DONG -

5U9~+l!H9 ~ C TIAN WANG BU XIN DAN
TIAN MEN DONG COMMON MAl MEN DONG
TASTE bitter sweet sl bitter
NATURE very cold sl cold
CHANNEL KD LU HT ST
DOSE 10-15 10-15
1. Dry mouth, thrist, dry cough with little phlegm, fever, and vexation due to Yin deficiency
2. Cough with hemoptysis due to heat damaging the network vessels of the LU
INDICATION
3. Upper Xiao Ke with excessive drinking, thrist, and dry throat due to LU Heat damaging the fluids
4. Whooping cough damaging LU Yin

80. GUI BAN + BIE JIA i!if&+=Efl C @ DA DING FENG ZHU

GUI BAN COMMON BIE JIA
TASTE sweet salty
NATURE cold sl cold
CHANNEL HT KD LV SP
DOSE 10-30g 10-30g
1. Tidal fever, stea ming bones, and night sweats due to deficient heat caused by Yin deficiency
2. Weakness of limbs, trembling due to Warm disease damaging fluids and stirring LV Wind
INDICATION
3. Hypertension, headaches, vertigo, head distention, and tinnitus due to LV yang rising
4 . Abdominal congestion, such as hepatomegaly and splenomegaly

Dui-Yao /11. Tonics

446 HERBS

81. MAl MEN DONG + XUAN SHEN l!HH-+:'Kw C TIAN WAN G BU XIN DAN

MAl MEN DONG COMMON XUAN SHEN

TASTE sl bitter sweet salty, bitter
NATURE sl cold cold
CHANNEL HT LU ST KD
DOSE 10-15g 10-30g
INDICATION 1. Xiao Ke (diabetes) accompanied by dry mouth and throat, red tongue, scanty tongue coating

12. ASTRINGENT

C YU PIN G FEN G SAN

HUANG Ql COMMON FANG FENG

TASTE sweet acrid
NATURE sl warm
CHANNEL LU SP UB LV
DOSE 10-20g 6-10g
1. Spontaneous sweating due to Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) deficiency
INDICATION
2. Tendency to catch cold frequently due to Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) deficiency

83. HUANG Ql + MU Ll i'il'1l'f+'l±,. C @ MU Ll SAN

HUANG Ql COMMON MULl

TASTE sweet salty, astringent
NATURE sl warm cool
CHANNEL LU SP LV KD
DOSE 10-15g 15-30g
1. Spontaneous sweating due to Qi/Yang deficiency
INDICATION 2. Night sweating due to Yin deficiency
3. Spontaneous and night sweating due to Qi and Yin deficiency

84. HUANG Ql + FU Zl i'i1'1l'f+,tt-i'- C @ SAN FU TANG

HUANG Ql COMMON FU Zl
TASTE sweet acrid
NATURE sl warm hot, toxic
CHANNEL LU SP HT, KD
DOSE 10-30g 6-10g
INDICATION 1. Cold spontaneous sweating accompanied by aversion to cold, cold limbs due to Yang deficiency

85. FU XIAO MAl + HUANG Ql ;<¥•HI' +i'il'1l'f C @ MU Ll SA N

FU XIAO MAl COMMON HUANG Ql

TASTE salty sweet
NATURE cool sl warm
CHANNEL HT LU SP
DOSE 10-30 10-15
INDICATION 1. Spontaneous perspiration due to exterior deficiency

86. WU MEl + WU WEI Zl !~Hlikli~-i'- C @ JIU XIAN SAN

WU MEl COMMON WU WEI Zl

TASTE sour
NATURE warm
CHANNEL Li LV SP LU HT KD
DOSE 6-10 6-10
1. Sweating: spontaneous sweating, night sweats
INDICATION
2. Xiao Ke (diabetes)

Dui-Yao /12. Astringent

 HERBS 447

87. LIAN Zl + QIAN SHI li·'h?R:Jf C @ JIN SUO GU JING WAN

LIAN Zl COMMON QIAN SHI

TASTE sweet, astringent
NATURE neutral
CHANNEL HT SP KD
DOSE 6-12g 10-15g
1. Chronic diarrhea due to SP deficiency
2. Leukorrhea due to SP deficient Damp
INDICATION
3. Spermatorrhea, nocturnal emission due to KD deficiency
4. Frequent urination, urinary incontinence due to KD deficiency

88. ROU DOU KOU + BU GU ZHI ~lrlif+fill~ ni;i C 51 SHEN WAN

ROU DOU KOU COMMON BU GU ZHI

TASTE acrid bitter
NATURE warm very warm
CHANNEL Ll ST SP KD
DOSE 6-10g 6-10g
1. Chronic diarrhea due to SP and KD Yang deficiency
INDICATION
2. Daybreak diarrhea with abdominal pain and rumbling noises due to SP/KD Yang deficiency

89. HE Zl + CHEN PI iiiJ-T+IIlB<

HE Zl COMMON CHEN PI
TASTE sour, astringent bitter acrid
NATURE neutral warm aromatic
CHANNEL Ll LU ST SP
DOSE 3-10g 6-10g
INDICATION 1. Hoarse voice, loss of voice, and chronic cough with loss of voice and Phlegm in the throat

13. CALM SHEN

90. LONG GU + MU Ll l!il~ +tt !M C @ CHAI HU LONG GU MU Ll TANG

LONG GU COMMON MU Ll
TASTE sweet astringent salty
NATURE neutral cool
CHANNEL HT LV KD
DOSE 15-30g 15-30g
1. Vexation, agitation, palpitations, insomnia, dizziness, and tinnitus due to LV Yang rising disturbing Shen
2. Hypertension due to Yin Deficiency causing LV Yang rising
INDICATION 3. Continuous diarrhea or dysentery (Duan)
4. Urinary incontinence, spermatorrhea, vaginal discharge, and sweating due to deficiency (Duan)
5. Pain and distention in the lateral costal region

91. BAI Zl REN + SUAN ZAO REN f!Hf::: +~~Jif::: C TIAN WANG BU XIN DAN / @ YANG XIN TANG
BAI Zl REN COMMON SUAN ZAO REN
TASTE sweet sour
NATURE neutral
CHANNEL KD Ll HT SP LV GB
DOSE 10-15g 10-15g
1. Palpitations, profuse dreams, and insomnia due to HT Qi/Biood deficiency
INDICATION
2. Constipation with dry stools due to blood deficiency or intestinal fluid insufficiency

Dui-Yao /13. Calm Shen

448 HERBS

92. SUAN 2AO REN + ZHI Zl MJ;H=+-lle-T

SUAN 2AO REN COMMON ZHI Zl
TASTE sour , sweet bitter
NATURE neutral cold
CHANNEL GB SP HT LV Lu ST SJ
DOSE 6-10 4.5-6
1. Insomnia, excessive dreams due to HT Fire
INDICATION
2. Nervous prostration, enervation

93. BAI HE + ZHI MU 1§"-g.+~llt C @ BAI HE ZHI MU TANG

BAI HE COMMON ZHI MU
TASTE sweet, sl bitter bitter
NATURE sl cold cold
CHANNEL HT LU KD ST
DOSE 10-30g 6-10g
1. Vexation, agitation, insomnia, vertigo, thirst due to Yin Deficiency with Heat
INDICATION 2. Dry mouth, irritability and agitation after a Warm-febrile disease
3. Lily syndrome (s.g.IJE, Golden Cabinet)

94. HUANG LIAN + E JIAO 'IU!+'iiJ~ C @ HUANG LIAN E JIAO TANG

HUANG LIAN COMMON E JIAO
TASTE bitter sweet
NATURE cold neutral
CHANNEL HT Ll ST LV KD LU
DOSE 4-6g 6-10g
1. Vexation, agitation and insomnia due to febrile disease, deficient fire, or HT and KD not communicating
INDICATION
2. dysentery which damages Yin with pus and blood in the stools due to Ll Damp-Heat

95. SHI CHANG PU + YUAN ZHI ElHift+it~ C @ AN SHEN DING ZHI WAN

SHI CHANG PU COMMON YUAN ZHI

TASTE acrid bitter
NATURE aromatic sl warm
CHANNEL ST HT LU
DOSE 6-10 3-10
INDICATION 1. Mental confusion, decrease of intellectual acuity, and insomnia due to Phlegm misting HT orifice

14. EXTINGUISH LV WIND

96. SHI JUE MING + Cl SHI Ei1c iJ!l+li!tE

SHI JUE MING COMMON Cl SHI
TASTE salty acrid
NATURE cold
CHANNEL KD LV
DOSE 6-12g 10-30g
INDICATION 1. Tinnitus, deafness, dizziness, headache, and hypertension due to LV Yang rising

97. Dl LONG + JIANG CAN tt!llll+B~B

01 LONG COMMON BAI JIANG CAN

TASTE Salty acrid
NATURE cold neutral
CHANNEl UB SP LV LU
DOSE 6-10 4.5-6
1. Chronic headache due to Wind-Phlegm obstructing the channels
INDICATION 2. Convulsions and seizures with strong fever
3. Bell's palsy, trigeminal neuralgia, and hemiplegia due to lack of flow in the chan nels

Dui-Yao /14. Extinguish LV Wind

 HERBS 449

15. GYNECOLOGY

98. XIANG FU + VI MU CAO ~'f!T- + ~ ffl!i!

XIANG FU COMMON VI MU CAO

TASTE sl bitter, sl sweet acrid bitter
NATURE neutral sl cold
CHANNEL SJ LV HT UB
DOSE 3-lOg 15-30g
INDICATION 1. Irregular menstruation, PMS, postpartum abdominal pain due to LV Qi stagnation and blood stasis

99. AI VE + XIANG FU x~+~'ft C @ AI FU NUAN GONG WAN

AI VE COMMON XIANG FU
TASTE bitter acrid sl bitter, sl sweet
NATURE warm neutral
CHANNEL SP KD LV SJ
DOSE 6-lOg 6-12g

INDICATION
1. Irregular menstruation, leukorrhea, pain due to Deficient Cold in Lower Jiao and LV Qi stagnation
2. Infertility due to Deficient Cold in uterus

100. HUANG QIN + BAI ZHU Ji\'~+ 8711: C @ DANG GUI TANG

HUANG QIN COMMON BAI ZHU

TASTE bitter sweet
NATURE cold warm
CHANNEL GB Ll LU ST SP
DOSE 6-12g 10-lSg
INDICATION 1. Uterine bleeding, threatened miscarriage, and nausea during pregnancy caused by Heat or Damp-Heat

Dui-Yao /15. Gynecology

450 HERBS

MATERIA MEDICA (NCCAOM)

1
I I
Shui Niu Jiao Bubali Cornu
CHl. HERBS THAT RELEASE THE EXTERIOR
2 Sheng Di Huang Rehmanniae Radix
3 Xuan Shen Scrophulariae Radix
1. DISPERSE WIND-COLD 4 Mu Dan Pi Moutan Cortex
1 Ma Huang Ephedrae Herba 5 Zi Cao Arnebiae/lithospermi Radix
2 Gui Zhi Cinnamomi Ramulus
3 Zi Su Ye Perillae Folium 5. CLEAR DAMP-HEAT
4 Jing Jie Schizonepetae Herba 1 Huang Qin Scutellariae Radix
5 Fang Feng Saposhnikoviae Radix 2 Huang lian Coptidis Rhizoma
6 Qiang Huo Notopterygii Rhizoma seu Radix 3 Huang Bai Phellodendri Cortex
7 Gao Ben ligustici Rhizoma 4 long Dan Cao Gentianae Radix
8 Bai Zhi Angelicae Dahuricae Radix 5 Ku Shen Sophorae Flavescentis Radix
9 Xi Xin Asari Herba 6 Qin Pi Fraxini Cortex
10 Sheng Jiang Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens
11 Cong Bai Allii Fistulosi Bulbus 6. CLEAR TOXIC-HEAT
12 Xiang Ru Moslae Herba 1 Jin Yin Hua lonicerae Flos
13 Cang Er Zi Xanthii Fructus 2 Ren Dong Teng Lonicerae Caulis
14 Cang Er Cao Xanthii Herba 3 lian Qiao Forsythiae Fructus
15 Xin Vi Hua Magnoliae Flos 4 Da Qing Ye lsatid is Folium
16 E Bu Shi Cao Centipedae Herba 5 Nan Ban Lan Ye Baphicacanthis Folium
17 Xi He Liu Tamaricis Cacumen 6 Ban lan Gen lsatidis/Baphicacanthis Radix
7 Qing Dai Indigo Naturalis
2. DISPERSE WIND-HEAT 8 Pu Gong Ying Taraxaci Herba
1 Bo He Menthae Haplocalycis Herba 9 Zi Hua Di Ding Violae Herba
2 Niu Bang Zi Arctii Fructus 10 Ye Ju Hua Chrysanthemi lndici Flos
3 Chan Tui Cicadae Periostracum 11 Si Gua Luo Luffae Fructus Retinervus
4 Sang Ye Mori Folium 12 Tian Kui Zi Semiaquilegiae Radix
5 Ju Hua Chrysanthemi Flos 13 Hong Tian Kui Begoniae Fimbristipulatae Herba
6 Man Jing Zi Viticis Fructus 14 Long Kui Solani Nigri Herba
7 Dan Dou Chi Sojae Semen Preparatum 15 Wan Nian Qing Rohdeae Japonicae Radix et Rhizoma
8 Da Dou Juan Sojae Semen Germinatum 16 Bai Jiang Cao Patriniae Herba
9 Fu Ping Spirodelae Herba 17 Su Bai Jiang Thlaspi Herba
10 Mu Zei Equiseti Hiemalis herba 18 Yu Xing Cao Houttuyniae Herba
11 Ge Gen Puerariae Radix 19 Chong Lou Paridis Rhizoma
12 Chai Hu Bupleuri Radix 20 Quan Shen Bistortae Rhizoma
13 Sheng Ma Cimicifugae Rhizoma 21 Chuan Xin Lian Andrographitis Herba
22 Bai Hua She She Cao Hedyotis Diffusae Herba

I CH2. HERBS THAT CLEAR HEAT

I
23
24
25
Shan Ci Gu
Bai Tou Weng
Wei Ling Cai
Cremastrae/Pieiones Pseudobulbus
Pulsatillae Radix
Potentillae Chinensis Herba
3. CLEAR & PURGE HEAT 26 Ya Dan Zi Bruceae Fructus
1 Shi Gao Gypsum Fibrosum 27 Ma Chi Xi an Portulacae Herba
2 Zhi Mu Anemarrhenae Rhizoma 28 He Ye Nelumbinis Folium
3 Zhi Zi Gardeniae Fructus 29 Lu Dou Phaseoli Radiati Semen
4 Dan Zhu Ye laphatheri Herba 30 Hong Teng Sargentodoxae Caulis
5 Ya Zhi Cao Commelinae Herba 31 Bai Xian Pi Dictamni Cortex
6 Xi Gua Citrulli Frucuts 32 Tu Fu ling Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma
7 Xia Ku Cao Prunellae Spica 33 Chui Pen Cao Sedi Herba
8 Han Shui Shi Glauberitum 34 Ji Gu Cao Abri Herba
9 Lian Zi Xin Nelumbinis Plumula 35 Ji Xue Cao Centellae Herba
10 lu Gen Phragmitis Rhizoma 36 Ban Zhi Lian Scutellariae Barbatae Herba
11 Tian Hua Fen Trichosanthis Radix 37 Ma Bo Lasiosphaera/Calvatia
12 Jue Ming Zi Cassiae Semen 38 Shan Dou Gen Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix
13 Qing Xiang Zi Celosiae Semen 39 Bei Dou Gen Menispermi Rhizoma
14 Mi Meng Hua Buddlejae Flos 40 Qing Guo Canarii Fructus
15 Gu Jing Cao Eriocauli Flos 41 She Gan Belamcandae Rhizoma
16 Ye Ming Sha Vespertilionis Faeces 42 Tu Niu Xi Achyranthis Radix Terrena
43 Bai Lian Ampelopsis Radix

I 4. CLEAR BLOOD-HEAT I 44 Lou Lu Rhapontici Radix

NCCAOM Herbs I Categories

 HERBS 451

45 Yu Zhou Lou Lu Echinopsis Radix I 26 Chi Xiao Dou Phaseoli Semen

46 Shi Shang Bai Selaginellae Doederleinii Herba I 27 Yin Chen Artmisiae Scopariae Herba
28 Han Fang Ji Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix
7. CLEAR DEFICIENT-HEAT 29 Mu Fang Ji Cocculi Radix
1 Qing Hao Artemisiae Annuae Herba 30 Ban Bian Lian Lobeliae Chinensis Herba
2 Di Gu Pi lycii Cortex 31 Yu M i Xu Maydis Stigma
3 Bai Wei Cynanchi Atrati Radix

I
4 Yin Chai Hu Stellariae Radix
5 Hu Huang Lian Picrorhizae Rhizoma
I CHS. HERBS THAT DISPEL WIND-DAMP

I CH3. DOWNWARD-DRAINING HERBS

I 1
2
Du Huo
Wei ling Xian
12. DISPEL WIND-DAMP
Angelicae Pubescentis Radix
Clematidis Radix
8. PURGATIVES 3 Hai Tong Pi Erythrinae Cortex
1 Da Huang Rhei Radix et Rhizoma 4 Chuan Tong Pi Kalopanacis Cortex
2 Mang Xiao Natrii Sulfas 5 Zhe Tong Pi Zanthoxyli Cortex
3 Fan Xie Ye Sennae Folium 6 Mu Mian Pi Bombacis Malabarici Cortex
4 Lu Hui Aloe 7 Mu Gua Chaenomelis Fructus
8 Can Sha Bombycis Faeces
9. LAXATIVES 9 Sang Ji Sheng Taxilli Herba
1 Huo Ma Ren Cannabis Semen 10 Hu Ji Sheng Visci Herba
2 Yu Li Ren Pruni Semen 11 Wu Jia Pi Eleutherococci Gracilistyli Cortex
12 Xiang Jia Pi Periplocae Cortex
10. CATHARTICS 13 Lao Guan Cao Erodii/Geranii Herba
1 Qian Niu Zi Pharbitidis Semen 14 Lu Xian Cao Pyrolae Herba
2 Gan Sui Kansui Radix 15 Shen Jin Cao Lycopodii Herba
3 Hong Da Ji Knoxiae Radix 16 Xu Chang Qing Cynanchi Paniculati Radix
4 Jing Da Ji Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix 17 Chuan Shan Long Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma
5 Yuan Hua Genkwa Flos 18 Qing Feng Teng Sinomenii Caulis
6 Ba Dou Crotonis Fructus 19 Liang Mian Zhen Zanthoxyli Radix
7 Shang Lu Phytolaccae Radix 20 Hai Feng Teng Piperis Kadsurae Caul is
21 Qian Nian Jian Homalomenae Rhizoma
22
I
Qin Jiao Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix
CH4. HERBS THAT DRAIN DAMP
I 23
24
Sang Zhi
Xi Xian Cao
Mori Ramulus
Siegesbeckiae Herba
11. DRAIN DAMP 25 Chou Wu Tong Clerodendri Folium
1 Fu ling Poria 26 Luo Shi Teng Trachelospermi Caulis
2 Zhu ling Polyporus 27 Kuan Jin Teng Tinosporae Sinensis Caulis
3 Ze Xie Alismatis Rhizoma 28 Bai Hua She Agkistrodon/Bungarus
4 Vi Vi Ren Coicis Semen 29 Qi She Agkistrodon
5 Che Qian Zi Plantaginis Semen 30 Jin Qian Bai Hua She Bungarus
6 Hua Shi Talcum 31 Wu Shao She Zaocys
7 Mu Tong Akebiae Cauris 32 She Tui Serpe ntis Periostracum
8 Chuan Mu Tong Clematidis Armandii Caul is 33 Song Jie Pini Lignum Nodi
9 Tong Cao Tetrapanacis Medulla
10
11
Deng Xin Cao
Qu Mai
Junci Medulla
Dianthi Herba
I CHG. HERBS THAT TRANSFORM PHLEGM AND STOP COUGHING

12 Bian Xu Polygoni Avicularis Herba

13 Shi Wei Pyrrosiae Folium 13. DISSOLVE HOT-PHLEGM
14 Di Fu Zi Kochiae Fructus 1 Qian Hu Peucedani Radix
15 Dong Gua Ren Benincasae Semen 2 Bei Mu Fritillariae Bulbus
16 Dong Gua Pi Benincasae Exocarpium 3 Chuan Bei Mu Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus
17 Dong Kui zl Malvae Fructus 4 Zhe Bei Mu Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus
18 Qing Mai Zi Abutili Semen 5 Gua Lou Trichosanthis Fructus
19 Bi Xie Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma 6 Gua Lou Pi Trichosanthis Pericarpium
20 Mian Bi Xie Dioscoreae Septemlobae Rhizoma 7 Gua Lou Ren Trichosanthis Semen
21 Jin Qian Cao Lysimachiae/ Desmodii/ Etc. Herba 8 Tian Zhu Huang Bambusae Concretio Silicea
22 Jin Qian Cao Lysimachiae Herba 9 Zhu Li Bambusae Succus
23 Guang Jin Qian Cao Desmodii Styracifolii Herba 10 Zhu Ru Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam
24 Lian Qian Cao Glechomae Herba 11 Fu Shi Pumex
25 Hai Jin Sha Lygodii Spora 12 Fu Hai Shi Costaziae Os

NCCAOM Herbs I Categories

452 HERBS

13 Qing Meng Shi Chloriti Lapis 3 Mai Ya Hordei Fructus Germinatus

14 Jin Meng Shi Micae Lapis Aureus 4 Gu Ya Setariae(Oryzae) Fructus
15 Ge Qiao (Ge Ke) Meretricis/Cyclinae Concha 5 Su Ya Setariae Fructus Germinatus
16 Kun Bu Eckloniae Thallus 6 Dao Ya Oryzae Fructus Germinatus
17 Hai Dai Laminariae Thallus 7 Lai Fu Zi Raphani Semen
18 Hai Zao Sargassum 8 Ji Nei Jin Gigeriae Galli Endothelium Corneum
19 Pang Da Hai Sterculiae Lychnophorae Semen
20 Ze Qi Euphorbiae Helioscopiae Herba
21 Huang Yao Zi Dioscoreae Bulbiferae Rhizoma
22 Ming Dang Shen Changii Radix
23 Bi Qi Eleocharitis Rhizoma ! ;;! ,,.. li,, •. ·,), •. qf/',1'' •. •:;'.~::.~:,;:, ,;\ !.•··· ;12';.
1 Chen Pi Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium
.·;·
m';:,,>'";z;z,;>, , ,;,;,,. '·· ·. :···· ;;\;!, .•.• , 2 Ju Hong Citri Reticulatae Exocarpium Rubrum
1 Zhi Ban Xia Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum 3 Hua Ju Hong Citri Grandis Exocarpium Rubrum
2 Zhi Tian Nan Xing Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum 4 Qing Pi Citri Reticulatae Viride Pericarpium
3 Zhi Bai Fu Zi Typhonii Rhizoma Preparatum 5 Zhi Shi Aurantii Fructus lmmaturus
4 Zhi Guan Bai Fu Aconiti Coreani Radix Preparata 6 Zhi Ke Aurantii Fructus
5 Bai Jie Zi Sinapis Semen 7 Fa Shou Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus
6 Zao Jia Gleditsiae Fructus 8 Gan Song Nardostachydis Radix seu Rhizoma
7 Zao Jiao Ci Gleditsiae Spina 9 Xiang Yuan Citri Fructus
8 Jie Geng Platycodi Radix 10 Da Fu Pi Arecae Pericarpium
9 Xuan Fu Hua lnulae Flos 11 Xiang Fu Cyperi Rhizoma
10 Bai Qian Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma 12 Mu Xiang Aucklandiae Radix
13 Tu Mu Xiang lnulae Radix
ii;'); ,;; ,:!2'!2!2!2'·.·. '"':'' .. ll, 511f'!'(IUIHIWtJ!lAING >. ...·.,. 14 Chuan Mu Xiang Dolomiaeae Radix
1 Xing Ren Armeniacae Semen 15 Wu Yao Linderae Radix
2 Zi Wan Asteris Radix 16 Chen Xiang Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum
3 Kuan Dong Hua Farfarae Flos 17 Tan Xiang Santali Albi Lignum
4 Zi Su Zi Perillae Fructus 18 Xie Bai Allii Macrostemi Bulbus
5 Pi Pa Ye Eriobotryae Folium 19 Mei Gui Hua Rosae Rugosae Flos
6 Bai Bu Stemonae Radix 20 Dao Dou Canavaliae Semen
7 Sang Bai Pi Mori Cortex 21 Chuan Lian Zi Toosendan Fructus
8 Ting Li Zi Lepidii/ Descurainiae Semen 22 Li Zhi He Litchi Semen
9 Zi Jin Niu Ardisiae Japonicae Herba 23 Shi Di Kaki Calyx
10 Mu Hu Die Oroxyli Semen 24 Ba Vue Zha Akebiae Fructus
11 Luo Han Guo Momordicae Fructus 25 Jiu Xiang Chong Aspongopus
12 Gua Di Mel a Pedicellus 26 Suo Luo Zi Aesculi Semen
13 Li Lu Veratri Nigri Radix et Rhizoma 27 Zi Su Geng Perillae Caulis

1~: . < .,,;·~-.fOR' DAMP

.;! i ·:> ..•,·•. ... 1•~· STC!)P f,U&otNG
1 Cang Zhu Atractylodis Rhizoma 1 San Qi Notoginseng Radix
2 Hou Po Magnoliae Officina lis Cortex 2 Pu Huang Typhae Pollen
3 Huo Xiang Pogostemonis/Agastaches Herba 3 Qian Cao Rubiae Radix
4 Guang Huo Xiang Pogostemonis Herba 4 Da Ji Cirsii Japonici Herba sive Radix
5 Tu Huo Xiang Agastaches Herb a 5 Xiao Ji Cirsii Herba
6 Pei Lan Eupatorii Herba 6 Di Yu Sanguisorbae Radix
7 Sha Ren Amomi Fructus 7 Huai Hua Mi Sophorae Flos lmmaturus
8 Bai oou Kou Amomi Fructus Rotund us 8 Huai Jiao Sophorae Fructus
9 Hong Dou Kou Galangae Fructus 9 Ce Bai Ye Platycladi Cacumen
10 Cao Dou Kou Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen 10 Bai Mao Gen lmperatae Rhizoma
11 Cao Guo Tsaoko Fructus 11 Zhu Ma Gen Boehmeriae Radix
12 Zi Zhu Callicarpae Formosanae Folium
13 Xian He Cao Agrimoniae Herba
14 Bai Ji Bletillae Rhizoma
15 Xue Yu Tan Crinis Carbonisatus
16 Zong Lu Pi Trachycarpi Petiolus
17 Ou Jie Nelumbinis Nodus Rhizomatis
18 Lian Fang Nelumbinis Receptaculum

NCCAOM Herbs I Categories

 HERBS 453

19 Hua Rui Shi Ophicalcitum 114 1Hu Jiao IPiperis Fructus

20 Ai Ye Artemisiae Argyi Folium
21 Zao Xin Tu Terra Flava Usta
CH12. TONIFYING HERBS

20. ACTIVATE BLOOD

1 Chuan Xiong Chuanxiong Rhizoma 22. Ql TONICS
2 Dan Shen Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix 1 Ren Shen Ginseng Radix
3 Ji Xue Teng Spatholobi Caulis 2 Dang Shen Codonopsis Radix
4 Van Hu Suo Corydalis Rhizoma 3 Tai Zi Shen Pseudostellariae Radix
5 Yu Jin Curcumae Radix 4 Huang Qi Astragali Radix
6 Jiang Huang Curcumae Longae Rhizoma 5 Hong Qi Hedysari Radix
7 Yi Mu Cao Leonuri Herba 6 Shan Yao Dioscoreae Rhizoma
8 Chong Wei Zi Leonuri Fructu s 7 Bai Zhu Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma
9 Ze Lan Lycopi Herba 8 Da Zao Jujubae Fructus
10 Yue Ji Hua Rosae Chinensis Flos 9 Gan Cao Glycyrrhizae Radix
11 Hu Zhang Polygoni Cuspidati Rhi zoma 10 Ci Wu Jia Acanthopanacis Senticosi Radix et Caulis
12 Chi Shao Paeoniae Radix Rubra 11 Huang Jing Polygonati Rhizoma
13 Tao Ren Persicae Semen 12 Bai Bian Dou Lablab Semen Album
14 Hong Hua Carthami Flos 13 Sha Ji Hippophae Fructus
15 Fan Hong Hua Croci Stigma 14 Yi Tang Maltosum
16 E Zhu Curcumae Rhizoma
17 San Leng Sparganii Rhizoma 23. BLOOD TONICS
18 Ru Xiang Olibanum 1 Shu Di Huang Rehmanniae Radix Preparata
19 Mo Yao Myrrh a 2 Zhi He Shou Wu Polygoni Multiflori Radix Preparata
20 Huai Niu Xi Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix 3 Sheng He Shou Wu Polygoni Multiflori Radix
21 Chuan Niu Xi Cyathulae Radix 4 Dang Gui Angelicae Sinensis Radix
22 Wang Bu liu Xing Vaccariae Semen 5 Bai Shao Paeoniae Radix Alba
23 Lu Lu Tong Liquidambari s Fructus 6 E Jiao Asini Corii Colla
24 Liu Ji Nu Artemisiae Anomala e Herba 7 Gou Qi Zi Lycii Fructus
25 Zi Ran Tong Pyritum 8 Sang Shen Mori Fructus
26 Xue Jie Daemonoropi s Resina 9 Long Van Rou Longan Arillus
27 Su Mu Sappan Lignum
28 Wu Ling Zhi Trogopterori Faeces 24. YANG TONICS
29 Jiang Xiang Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum 1 Lu Rong Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum
30 Wa Leng Zi Arcae Con cha 2 Ge Ji e Gecko
31 Shui Zhi Hirudo 3 Dong Chong Xia Cao Cordyceps
32 Tu Bie Chong Eupolyphaga/Ste leophaga 4 Rou Cong Rong Cistanches Herba
33 Meng Chong Tabanus 5 Suo Yang Cynomorii Herba
34 Gan Qi Toxicodendri Resina 6 Yin Yang Huo Epimedii Herba
35 Ling Xiao Hua Campsis Flos 7 Ba Ji Tian Morindae Officinalis Radix
36 Mao Dong Qing llicis Pubescenti s Radix 8 Hu Lu Ba Trigonellae Semen
37 Ma Bian Cao Verbenae Herba 9 He Tao Ren Juglandis Semen
38 Gui Jian Yu Euonymi Ramulu s 10 Bu Gu Zhi Psoraleae Fructus
11 Yi Zhi Ren Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus

CHll. HERBS THAT WARM THE INTERIOR AND EXPEL COLD

I 12
13
14
Xian Mao
Du Zhong
Gou Ji
Curculiginis Rhizoma
Eucommiae Cortex
Cibotii Rhizoma
21. WARM INTERIOR 15 Xu Duan Dipsaci Radix
1 Zhi Fu Zi Aconiti Radix lateralis Preparata 16 Gu Sui Bu Drynariae Rhizoma
2 Zhi Chuan Wu Aconiti Radix Preparata 17 Tu Si Zi Cuscutae Semen
3 Zhi Cao Wu Aconiti Kusnezoffii Preparata 18 Sha Yuan Zi Astragali Complanati Semen
4 Gan Jiang Zingiberis Rhizoma 19 Zi He Che Homini s Placenta
5 Rou Gui Cinnamomi Cortex 20 Jiu Cai Zi Allii Tuberosi Semen
6 Wu Zhu Yu Evodiae Fructus 21 Hai Gou Shen Callorhini Testes et Penis
7 Hua Jiao Zanthoxyli Pericarpium 22 Yang Qi Sh i Actinolitum
8 Jiao Mu Zanthoxyli Semen 23 Zhong Ru Shi Stalactitum
9 Gao Liang Jiang Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma 24 Hai Long Syngnathu s
10 Ding Xiang Caryophylli Flos 25 Hai Ma Hippocampu s
11 Xiao Hui Xiang Foeniculi Fructus 26 Hai Shen Stichopus
12 Bi Cheng Qie Litseae Fructus
13 Bi Ba Piperis longi Fructus I 25. YIN TONICS I

NCCAOM Herbs I Categories

454 HERBS

1 Bei Sha Shen Glehniae Radix 3 Yuan Zhi Polygalae Radix

2 Nan Sha Shen Adenophorae Radix 4 Ling Zhi Ganoderma
3 Xi Yang Shen Panacis Quinquefolii Radix 5 He Huan Pi Albiziae Cortex
4 Mai Men Dong Ophiopogonis Radix 6 He Huan Hua Albiziae Flos
5 Tian Men Dong Asparagi Radix 7 Ye He Hua Magnoliae Coconis Flos
6 Shi Hu Dendrobii Herba 8 Ye Jiao Teng Polygoni Multiflori Caulis
7 Yu Zhu Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma
8 Bai He Lilii Bulbus
9
10
Han Lian Cao
Nu Zhen Zi
Ecliptae Herba
Ligustri Lucidi Fructus
I CH15. AROMATIC SUBSTANCES THAT OPEN THE ORIFICES

11 Hei Zhi Ma Sesami Semen Nigrum 29. AROMATICS FOR ORIFICES

12 Gui Ban Testudinis Plastrum 1 She Xiang Moschus
13 Bie Jia Trionycis Carapax 2 Su He Xiang Styrax
14 Yin Er Tremella 3 An Xi Xiang Benzoinum
15 Chu 5hi Zi Broussonetiae Fructus 4 Bing Pian Borneolum
5 Shi Chang Pu Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma

I I
6 Shui Chang Pu Acori Calami Rhizoma
CH13. HERBS THAT STABILIZE AND BIND
7 Jiu Jie Chang Pu Anemones Altaicae Rhizoma
8 Niu Huang Bovis Calculus
26. ASTRINGENTS
1
2
Shan Zhu Yu
Wu Wei Zi
Corni Fructus
Schisandrae Fructus
I CH16. SUBSTANCES THAT EXTINGUISH WIND AND STOP TREMOR

3 Wu Mei Mume Fructus

4 He Zi Chebulae Fructus 30. EXTINGUISH LIVER WIND
5 Rou Dou Kou Myristicae Semen 1 Ling Yang Jiao Saigae Tataricae Cornu
6 Shi Liu Pi Granati Pericarpium 2 Gou Teng Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis
7 Chun Pi Ailanthi Cortex 3 Tian Ma Gastrodiae Rhizoma
8 Chi Shi Zhi Halloysitum Rubrum 4 Bai Ji Li Tribuli Fructus
9 Yu Yu Liang Limonitum 5 Lu Dou Vi Glyci nis Testa
10 Lian Zi Nelumbinis Semen 6 Luo Bu Ma Ye Apocyni Veneti Folium
11 Lian Xu Nelumbinis Stamen 7 Shi Jue Ming Haliotidis Concha
12 Qian Shi Euryales Semen 8 Di Long Pheretima
13 Jin Ving Zi Rosae Laevigatae Fructus 9 Bai Jiang Can Bombyx Batryticatus
14 Fu Pen Zi Rubi Fructus 10 Quan Xie Scorpio
15 Wu Bei Zi Galla Chinensis 11 Wu Gong Scolopendra
16 Bai Guo Ginkgo Semen 12 Dai Zhe Shi Haematitum
17 Fu Xiao Mai Tritici Fructus Levis

I
18 Ma Huang Gen Ephedrae Radix
19
20
Nuo Dao Gen
Hai Piao Xiao
Oryzae Glutinosae Radix
Sepiae Endoconcha
I CH17. HERBS THAT EXPEL PARASITES

21 Sang Piao Xiao Mantidis Ootheca 31. EXPEL PARASITES

22 Ji Guan Hua Celosiae Cristatae Flos 1 Shi Jun Zi Quisqualis Fructus
2 Ku Lian Pi M eliae Cortex

I CH14. SUBSTANCES THAT CALM THE SPIRIT

I
3
4
5
Fei Zi
He Shi
Nan He Shi
Torreyae Semen
Carpesii Abrotanoidis Fructus
Carotae Fructus
27. ANCHOR SHEN 6 Lei Wan Omphalia
1 Long Gu Fossilia Ossis Mastodi 7 Wu Vi Ulmi Macrocarpae Fructus
2 Long Chi Fossilia Dentis Mastodi 8 Bing Lang Arecae Semen
3 Mu Li Ostreae Concha 9 Mian Ma Guan Zhong Dryopteridis Crassirhizomae Rhizoma
4 Ci Shi Magnetitum 10 Guan Zhong Cyrtomii Rhizoma
5 Zhen Zhu Margarita 11 Nan Gua Zi Cucurbitae Moschatae Semen
6 Zhen Zhu Mu Margaritiferae Concha Usta 12 Da Suan Allii Sativi Bulbus
7 Zi Shi Ying Fluoritum 13 Chang Shan Dichroae Radix
8 Hu Po Succinum
9 Zi Bei Chi Mauritiae/ Cypraeae Concha
10 Sheng Tie Luo Ferri Frustav I CH18. SUBSTANCES FOR TOPICAL APPLICATION

28. NOURISH & CALM SHEN 32. EXTERNAL USE

1 I Suan Zao Ren I Ziziphi Spinosae Semen 1 j Bai Fan IAiumen
2 I Bai Zi Ren I Platycladi Semen 2 I Lu Gan Shi ICalamina

NCCAOM Herbs I Categories

 HERBS 455

3 Liu Huang Sulfur

4 Qian Dan Minium
5 She Chuang Zi Cnidii Fructus
6 Tu Jing Pi Pseudolaricis Cortex
7 Mu Bie Zi Momordicae Semen
8 Da Fang Zi Hydnocarpi Semen
9 Er Cha Catechu
10 Zhang Nao Camphora
11 Ban Mao Mylabris
12 Chan Su Bufonis Venenum
13 Lu Feng Fang Vespae Nidus

CH19. OBSOLETE SUBSTANCES

33-1. SUBSTANCES WITH UNACCEPTABLE TOXICITY

1 Zhu Sha Cinnabaris
2 Ying Su Ke Papaveris Pericarpium
3 Ma Qian Zi Strychni Semen
4 Lei Gong Teng Tripterygii Wilfordii Radix
5 Ma Dou ling Aristolochiae Fructus
6 Guan Mu Tong Aristolochiae Manshuriensis
7 Guang Fang Ji Aristolochiae Fangchi Radix
8 Xun Gu Feng Aristolochiae mollissimae Herba
9 Qing Fen Calomelas
10 Xiong Huang Realgar
11 Mi Tuo Seng Lithargyrum
12 Peng Sha Borax

33-2. SUBSTANCES FROM ENDANGERED SPECIES

1 Xiong Dan Vesica Fellea Ursi
2 Chuan Shan Jia Manitis Squama
3 Dai Mao Eretmochelydis Carapax
4 Hou Zao Macacae Mulattae Calcu lus
5 Hu Gu Tigris Os

Pg.450-455: There is no official herb list provided by NCCAOM.

This list includes the vast majority of herbs presented in
Bensky & Barolet's Chinese Herbal Medicine: Materia Medica.
A good strategy is to focus on the most important and
commonly used herbs. NCCAOM does not endorse any third
party study guide.

Pg.456-469: CA State board herbs are the most important, and

should be the core of study. This charts summarize the
properties of herbs tested by NCCAOM in addition to the CA
State Board herbs. Blue boxes indicate more commonly used
herbs, while grey boxes indicate less commonly used herbs.

NCCAOM Herbs I Categories

456 HERBS

EXTRA HERBS FOR NCCAOM

1. DISPERSE WIND-COLD
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Release Exterior: Exterior wind-heat

CONG SAl acrid I warm I LU 5T • Unblocks the Yang Qi: Excessive forcing weakened yang upward; diarrhea, lassitude,
cold extremities, flushed face, and a faint pulse

XI HE LIU acrid, sweet I warm I LU 5T HT

• Disperse rashes, vents heat toxin: Unexpressed rashes such as measles

2. DISPERSE WIND-HEAT
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS
DA DOU JUAN sweet I neutral I 5T • Clears summer heat and damp heat: Early stages of summer-heat or damp-heat

• Disperses wind heat: Exterior wind-heat, wind rash, or damp-heat rash and itching
FU PING acrid I cold I UB LU • Promotes urination, unblock the fluid pathways: Fluid retention and urinary difficulty
due to dampness of pathogenic water

3. CLEAR & PURGE HEAT

HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

VA ZHI CAO sweet, bland I cold I LU 5T 51 • Clears Heat and Drains Fire: Fever of relatively superficial warm diseases, hot painful
urinary dribbling

XI GUA sweet I cold I UB HT 51 • Clears Summer Heat and generates fluids: Summer Heat with thirst and scanty urine
• Promotes urination and expels jaundice: Adjunct herb in treatment of jaundice

• Clears heat, directs fire downward: Yang brightness qi level heat, summer-heat,
inflamed eyes due to wind heat
HAN SHUI SHI acrid, salty I cold I HT 5T KD
• Softens hardness: Swelling and pain of throat and gums, abdominal clumps and
masses
• Promotes urination: Edema and anuria

LIAN Zl XIN bitter I cold I HT PC • Clears heat from HT and PC: Disturbed consciousness due to heat pathogen; mouth
sores or ulcers due to HT heat

• Strongly clears LV fire: Fire from excess in LV channel; wind heat toxin or LV fire
affecting the eyes
QING XIANG Zl sweet I sl cold I LV
• Eliminates superficial visual obstruction: Insidious loss of vision, contraction of pupils
due to wind-heat
• Directs the qi downward: Hypertension due to ascendant LV Yang

Ml MENG HUA sweet I sl cool I LV • Benefits eyes by nourishing the yin and cooling the LV: LV deficiency with heat;
insidious loss of vision, blurriness, visual obstruction

GU JING CAO sweet I neutral I LV 5T • Disperses wind heat: Wind heat affecting eyes; wind heat toothache or headache
• Benefits the eyes: Superficial visual obstruction

• Cools the blood, reduce stasis: Pain due to LV blood stasis

YE MING SHA acrid I cold I LV

• Clears the eyes and stops pain: Inner or outer visual obstruction, insidious loss of
vision
• Reduces childhood nutritional impairment: Nutritional impairment with abdominal pain;
childhood fright

4. CLEAR BLOOD-HEAT
NONE

5. CLEAR DAMP-HEAT
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Cools heat, drains dampness, binds the ll: Dysenteric disorders, damp-heat in the Ll,
vaginal discharge
bitter, astringent I cold I GB Ll
QIN PI
LV 5T • Benefit the eyes, calms and cools the LV: Red and swollen eyes, superficial visual
obstruction; LV and GB fire
• Disperses wind damp heat: Hot painful obstruction

6. CLEAR TOXIC-HEAT
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Expels heat, resolves toxicity, unblock the collaterals: Wind heat obstruction the
channels and collaterals; abscesses and sores, breast inflammation; heat in the blood
REN DONG
TENG
sweet I cold I Ll LU 5T
• Soothes the sinews, unblocks the channels: Painful obstruction syndrome due to wind
heat
• Clears heat and stops abdominal pain: Pain from heat in the pelvis

NCCAOM Herbs I Act ions and Indications

 HERBS 457

bitter, salty I very cold I HT LU • Strongly cools heat toxin: Warm di sease fever with ra shes and delirium
DA QING YE
5T • Cools heat from excess heat at qi and blood levels: Sore throat, mouth ulcers,
rashes, and ski n eruptions

• Clears heat, resolves toxicity, cools the blood: Macules due to heat in the blood level
or other types of warm toxin; swelling such as sore throat and mumps
QING DAI sa lty I cold I LV LU 5T
• Clears LV fire, dispels summer-heat: Summer-heat affecting the LV, cough due to LV
fire accosting the LU
Zl HUA Dl
acrid, bitter I cold I HT LV • Cools heat, resolves toxicity: Fire toxin, deep rooted sores and reddened swelling
DING
• Cools the blood : HT and LV blood level heat

• Disperses wind, clears heat: Hot, painful eyes

YE JU HUA bitter, acrid I sl cold I LU LV
• Reduces swelling, resolves toxicity: Swollen, toxic sores, boils, abscess; Intestinal wind
with bleeding (charred)

• Resolves toxicity and reduce swelling: Most commonly used for problems affecting the
breasts
Sl GUA LUO sweet I neutral I LU 5T LV
• Unblocks the channels and dispels wind: Wind-damp obstruction with soreness and
phlegm
• Expels phlegm and stops coughs: Cough due to LU heat with phlegm

TIAN KUI Zl sweet, bitter I cold I LV 5P UB • Clears heat, resolves toxicity: Toxic sores, scrofula, clumps of phlegm, and some
tumors

LONG KUI
sl bitter I cold, sl toxic I LU 5T • Clears heat, resolves toxicity, disperses clumps: Toxic swell ings, sores, carbuncles and
furuncles; blister sores (topically) ; tumors, bronchitis
UB
• Facilitates urination: Hot painful urinary dribbling
WAN NIAN bitter, sl sweet I cold, sl toxic I • Clears heat and resolves toxicity: Toxins affecting the throat, snakebite
QING LU
• Cools the blood, stops bleeding: Bleeding from heat in the blood

YU XING CAO acrid I cool I LU Ll

• Disperses heat, resolves toxicity, reduces swelling: Heat toxin sores and swellings; LU
abscess due to accumulation of phlegm heat
• Drains damp heat, promotes urination: Diarrhea, painful urinary dribbling

CHONG LOU bitter I sl cold, sl toxic I LV

• Cools heat, resolves toxicity: Sores and boils, swollen sore throat, poisoning from
snakebite
• Extinguishes wind and settles tremors: Seizures due to heat

• Clears internal heat, removes dampness: Febrile convulsions, muscular tetany;

damp-heat dysenteric disorders with or without bleeding; applied topically for toxic
QUAN SHEN bitter, astringe I cool I LV 5T Ll swelling, so res, scrofula, hemorrhoids, snakebite
• Cools the blood and stops bleeding: Bleeding including nosebleed, vomiting blood,
hemorrhoids

CHUAN XIN
bitter I cold I L1 LU 51 5T
• Cools and resolves heat toxin anywhere in body: Heat toxin in LU and ST, LU
abscess, sore swollen throat, boils due to fire toxin; damp heat dysenteric disorder;
LIAN
scalds, burns, and snakebite (topically); superficial visual obstruction

BAI HUA SHE bitter, sweet I cold I LV 5T Ll

• Cools heat, resolves toxicity: Toxic accumulation, sores due to fire toxin, swollen sore
throat
SHE CAO 51
• Promotes expulsion of dampness through the urine: Damp-heat jaundice, painful
urinary dribbling, intestinal abscess, dysenteric disorder

BAI TOU WENG bitter I cold I LV 5T

• Clears heat, resolves toxicity, cools the blood : Heat accumulating into clumps in ST
and IT
• Alleviates dysenteric disorder: Hot dysenteric disorder, esp. if bleeding

WEI LING CAl bitter I cold I LV Ll

• Cools heat, resolves toxicity, cools the blood, expels dampness: Dysenteric disorder
due to heat toxin or damp heat; malarial disorder
• Kills parasites: Corns and warts (topically)

VA DAN Zl bitter I cold, toxic I Ll LV

• Cools heat, resolves toxicity: Fever of common cold, swollen sore throat, stubborn
fever due to warm disorder; toxic swellings or sores
• Facilitates urination: Edema with scanty urine; hot painful urinary dribbling

MACHI XIAN sour I cold I Ll LV

• Clears heat, resolves toxicity, eases the Ll: Toxic boils and abscesses, dysenteric
disorder with griping tenesmus, vaginal discharge, painful urinary dribbling,
hemorrhoids

LU DOU sweet I cold I HT ST • Clears Summer Heat: Summer Heat esp. with pronounced thirst
• Resolves toxicity: Toxic sores and swellings (topically)

HONG TENG bitter I neutral I Ll LV • Resolves toxicity, reduces abscesses: Intestinal abscesses and toxic, painful skin lesions
• Invigorates the blood, dispels stasis: Trauma, dysmenorrhea, and joint pain

• Expels damp-heat in the blood: Itchy damp-heat skin conditions, pruritis

BAI XIAN PI bitter I cold I 5P 5T

• Stops itching, clears sores: Wind heat or damp heat sores and rashes marked by pus
or yellow fluid and moist skin
• Resolves painful obstruction: Wind painful obstruction
• Expels lower burner damp heat: Vaginal discharge

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

458 HERBS

sweet, bland, sl sour I coo\ I LV • Clears heat and reduces jaundice: Damp heat jaundice, hepatitis
CHUI PEN CAO
GB 51
• Clears heat, resolves toxicity, reduces abscess: Sores, abscesses, snakebite, burns

Jl GU CAO sweet I cool I LV GB • Clears heat, disperses stasis, reduces jaundice: Jaundice, hepatitis, abscesses, trauma

Jl XUE CAO bitter, acrid I cold I LV 5P KD

• Clears heat, resolves toxicity, promotes urination: Sores, abscesses, painful urinary
dribbling, red eyes
• Invigorates the blood, reduces swelling: trauma

• Clears heat toxin and dampness, resolves stasis: Sores, furuncles, and swelling due to
heat toxin, LU abscess, swollen sore throat; injury from external trauma; enlarged SP
BAN ZHI liAN acrid, sl bitter I cool I LV LU 5T
or LV; cancer of LU, LV or ST
• Promotes urination: Urinary difficulty due to clumping of damp heat

MA BO acrid I neutral I LU
• Clears heat constraint in the LU: Toxic swe lling of throat with cough and loss of
voice
• Stops bleeding: Continuous nosebleed

BEl DOU GEN bitter I cold I LU 5T Ll • Clears heat, resolves toxicity: Problems due to heat toxin, esp. those involving
swelling

QING GUO sweet, sour I neutral I LV KD • Clears heat, resolves toxicity, generates fluids: Sore throat from wind heat or heat
toxin

TU NIU XI bitter, sour I neutral I LV KD

• Drains and resolves fire toxin: Diphtheria, swo llen painful throat; ulcers of the mouth
and tongue
• Unblock painful urinary dribbling: Painful urinary dribbling

BAI liAN
bitter, acrid I neutral tending to
cold I HT 5T LV
• Clears heat, resolves toxicity, reduces abscesses: Heat toxin leading to sores and
abscesses

• Resolves toxicity, disperses clumps, and expels pus: Heat toxin in skin, boils,
hemorrhoids
LOU LU bitter, salty I cold I Ll 5T
• Causes milk to descend: Suppressed lactation, breast pain, and distention; threatened
breast abscess

SHI SHANG BAI

sweet, acrid, bitter I neutral, • Clears heat, resolves toxicity: Fevers, sores, sore throat, cough
cold I LV
• Clears and drains damp heat: Damp heat jaundice, ascites

7. CLEAR DEFICIENT-HEAT
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Clears heat from deficiency: Steaming bone disorder

YIN CHAI HU sweet I sl cold I LV 5T • Reduces childhood nutritional impairment: Childhood nutritional impairment
accumulation with heat
• Cools the blood, stops bleeding: Bleeding due to reckless movement of hot blood
HU HUANG
liAN
bitter I cold I LV 5T Ll • Clears heat from excess of deficiency, cools the blood: Yin deficiency with heat signs,
lurking heat in the yin levels

8. PURGATIVE
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

FAN XIE YE sweet, bitter I cold I Ll • Drains downward and guides out stagnant heat in ll: Accumulated pathogenic heat in
Ll ; small dosage can dissolve food stagnation

9. LAXATIVES
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

HUO MA REN sweet I neutral I Ll 5P 5T • Enriches yin fluids, moistens the ll: Dry constipation in order or deficient patient, or
postpartum, due to deficiency

YU ll REN
acrid, bitter, sweet I neutral I Ll • Moistens the ll, unblocks the bowels: Constipation due to qi stagnation and dryness
51 5P
• Promotes urination: Swelling and distention of abdomen and limbs due to edema

10 CATHARTICS
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

bitter, acrid I cold, sl toxic I KD • Drains water, promotes urination: Edema, ascites from pathogenic water
QIAN NIU Zl
Ll LU 51 • Drives out phlegm: Cough, wheezing from thin mucus obstructing the LU
• Expels parasites: Roundworms, tapeworms with abdominal stagnation

bitter, sweet I cold, toxic I KD

• Vigorously drains water downward, drives out thin mucus: Generalized edema,
abdominal distention from pathogenic water
GAN SUI
Ll LU
• Drives out phlegm: Seizures or Psychiatric disorders from phlegm
• Clears heat, reduces swelling (topically): Swollen, painful nodular skin lesions

HONG DA Jl
bitter, acrid I cold, sl toxic I KD
Ll 5P
• Drains water downwards, drives out thin mucus: Moderate accumulations of fluids in
the chest

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

 HERBS 459

JING DA Jl
bitter, acrid I cold, toxic I KD Ll
5P
• Vigorously drains water downward, drives out thin mucus: Severe, excess
accumulations of fluids

YUAN HUA
bitter, acrid I warm, toxic I KD
Ll LU
• Harsh cathartic: Accumulation of fluids in chest and abdomen; cough, wheezing with
preponderance of dampness and cold

• Warmly unblocks, vigorously purges: Severe constipation and abdominal fullness from
cold accumulation
BA DOU acrid I hot, toxic I 5T Ll LU
• Breaks up clogged phlegm in head and throat: Phlegm clogging the throat or sensory
orifices
• Drives out water: Ascites, primarily from schistosomiasis

SHANG LU
bitter I cold, toxic I UB KD Ll
5P
• Drives out water from lower orifices: Edema from excess with severe constipation and
urinary difficulty

11. DRAIN DAMP

HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

TONG CAO sweet, bland I sl cold I LU 5T

• Promotes urination, leaches out dampness: Dark, scanty urine hot, painful urinary
dribbling
• Promote lactation: Insufficient or blocked lactation
DONG GUA PI sweet I cold I LU 5T
• Facilitates urination, reduces swelling: Edema, primarily from damp heat

• Promotes urination, unblocks painful urinary dribbling: Painful urinary dribbling, edema

DONG KUI GUO sweet I cold I UB Ll 51 • Moistens the Ll and promotes bowel movements: Dry constipation
• Benefits the breasts, promotes lactation: Lack of milk in breast-feeding with painful
breast distention, early stage of breast abscess

QING MA Zl bitter I neutral I UB Ll LV

• Clears heat, facilitates resolution of dampness: Painful urinary dribbling, red-and-white
dysenteric disorder
• Resolves toxicity: Swollen abscesses, superficial visual obstruction

• Promote urination: Stony painful urination dribbling with a rough, gravelly sensation
on urination
sweet, salt I sl cold I UB GB
JIN QIAN CAO
KD LV • Expels stones: Biliary and urinary tract stones
• Clears LV and GB damp heat: Jaundice, red, swollen eyes due to damp heat
• Resolves toxicity: Toxic sores, snakebite, traumatic injury

HAl JIN SHA sweet, bland I cold I UB 51 • Promotes urination, expels stones: Painful urinary dribbling and urinary tract stones
• Clears damp heat: Damp heat jaundice

• Clears heat, promotes urination: Edema, summer-heat, and insatiable thirst due to ST
heat
CHI XIAO DOU sweet, sour I neutral I HT 51
• Disperses blood stasis and fire toxin: Swollen sores and boils due to blood heat with
toxicity
• Clears damp heat: Mild jaundice from damp heat

sweet, bland I sl cold I HT LU • Promotes urination, reduces edema: Edema, ascites, esp. floating edema
BAN BIAN LIAN
51 • Cools the blood, resolves toxicity: Sores, abscesses, sore throat, and toxic swellings,
snake and wasp bite

YU Ml XU
sweet, bland I neutral I UB GB • Promotes urination, stops pain: Hot painfu l urinary dribbling or painful urinary
dribbling with stones, edema
LV
• Clears damp heat from LV and GB: Jaundice, hepatitis, cholecystitis

12 DISPEL WIND-DAMP
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Dispel wind dampness: Wind Damp painful obstruction, itchy rashes due to wind
dampness
CAN SHA sweet, acrid I warm I LV SP ST
• Harmonizes the ST, transforms turbid dampness: Turbid dampness in the ST and IT
with vomiting, diarrhea, chest and epigastric fullness

XIANG JIA PI
acrid, bland I warm, toxic I LV • Dispel wind dampness, strengthens the sinews: Wind damp pa inful obstruction with
spasms and joint pain
KD HT
• Promotes urination to get rid of excess fluids: Edema due to dampness

LAO GUAN CAO

acrid, bitter I neutral I LV KD • Dispel wind, eliminates dampness, unblocks the channels and collaterals: Severe pain
due to wind dampness
5P
• Clears heat, resolves toxicity, generates flesh: Sores, abscesses, burns, eczema

• Dispels wind dampness, strengthens the bones and sinews: Painful obstruction and
lack of strength in lower back and legs
LU XIAN CAO sweet, bland I warm I LV KD
•• Stops bleeding: Various bleeding problems
Assists KD's acceptance of qi: Cough, wheezing
• Dispels wind-dampness: Wind damp painful obstruction with contraction of the sinews
restricting limb movement; leg cramps
SHEN JIN CAO bitter, acrid I warm I LV SP KD
• Relax the sinews, invigorates the collaterals: External trauma injuring the sinews,
channels, and collaterals

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

460 HERBS

XU CHANG
acrid I warm I LV ST • Dispels wind, invigorates the blood: Wind damp painful obstruction, and trauma
QING • Resolves toxicity, stops itching: Pruritis, eczema, snakebite

CHUAN .SHAN
• Dispels wind, eliminates dampness: Painful obstruction, numbness of the flesh, exp .
for hot painful obstruction
bitter I neutral, sl toxic I LV LU
LONG •• Invigorates the blood, unblock the collaterals: Trauma, painful chest obstruction
Transforms phlegm, stops coughs: LU heat cough

Ql~ FENG
TE~
bitter, acrid I neutral I LV SP
• Dispels wind, stops pain: Painful obstruction, leg qi (Orally or topically)

LIANG··MIAN
ZHEN
acrid, bitter I sl warm, sl toxic I
LV ST
• Dispels wind, unblocks the collaterals: Painful obstruction, pain in the sinews and
bones, trauma

HAl FENG TENG acrid, bitter I sl warm I LV • Dispels wind-dampness, unblocks the collaterals: Painful obstruction due to pathogenic
wind, cold, and dampness; pain due to trauma

QIAN NIAN
acrid, bitter I warm I KD LV
• Dispels wind-dampness, strengthen the sinews and bones, fortifies the elderly: Painful
obstruction due to wind, cold, and dampness with lower back pain, weakness of the
JIAN
legs and feet, cramps and numbness

CHOU WU acrid, bitter, sweet I cool I LV

• Dispels wind dampness: Painful obstruction due to wind dampness, numbness in the
trunk or limbs, eczema (topically)
TONG
····..
• Calms the LV yang: Vertigo and headache due to ascendant LV yang hypertension

• Dispel wind dampness, invigorates the collaterals: Pain due to wind-damp painful
obstruction; cramping spasm of the sinews; restricted movement of the joints
LU0 SHI TENG bitter I sl cold I LV
• Cools the blood, reduces swelling: Red, hot, painful abscesses and sores: painful
obstruction of the throat

IWAA ,liN tENG bitter I sl cold I LV

•• Dispels wind dampness: Hot painful obstruction
Unblocks the channels, relaxes the sinews: Red, swollen, hot and painful injury from
trauma

• Powerfully unblocks the channels and collaterals, extinguishes wind: Chronic wind
dampness with numbness and weakness of the limbs
QISHE sweet, salty I warm, toxic I LV • Dispels wind from the skin: Tinea, numbness, any kind of rash
• Dispels wind from the sinews, settles fright: Spasms, tremors, seizures, facial paralysis,
hemiplegia

WU SHAOSHE sweet, salty I neutral I LV SP • Dispel wind, unblock the collaterals, settles fright: Wind damp painful obstruction;
itching skin; fright convulsions

SHE TUI sweet, salty I neutral I LV

• Dispels wind, settles convulsions: Skin lesions; seizures and convulsions due to
pathogenic wind
• Treats eye disorders: Superficial visual obstruction, pterygium, or corneal disorders

SONG JIE bitter I warm I LV • Dispels wind, dries dampness: Joint pain due to pathogenic cold and dampness, or
traumatic injury

13 DISSOLVE HOT-PHLEGM
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS
• Clears and transforms phlegm heat: Phlegm heat in the LU with difficult to
expectorate phlegm
TIAN ZHU
HUANG
sweet I cold I GB HT LV • Clears the HT, settles tremors and convulsions: Spasms and convulsions due to
phlegm-heat, esp. childhood convulsions, wind-stroke with phlegm obstruction,
phlegm-heat causing restless sleep

ZHU Ll sweet I cold I HT LU ST

• Clears and transforms phlegm, and opens the orifices: Phlegm obstruction the HT
orifice with fainting paralysis of the hands and feet, hemiplegia
• Transforms phlegm-heat, stops cough: Accumulation of phlegm-heat in the LU

• Clears LU heat, expels phlegm heat: Phlegm heat in LU; upper burner clumping from
long term stubborn phlegm
FU SHI/
FU HAl SHI
salty I cold I LU • Softens hardness, dissipates phlegm nodules: Phlegm nodules such as scrofula

................
• Promotes urination: Urethral discomfort in bloody painful urinary difficulty or stony
painful urinary difficulty

• Drives phlegm retained in the ST and IT down and out of the body: Cough and
wheezing due to stubborn phlegm clogging the upper or middle burner; severe food
QING ·IV!ENG sweet, salty I neutral I LV LU
stagnation
ST
SHI
• Calms the LV, suppresses fright: Phlegm-heat accumulation causing fright seizures;
mania withdrawal; severe palpitations
• Clears heat, redirects LU qi downward, transforms phlegm heat: Phlegm that is hard
to expectorate; chest and flank pain from clumped phlegm-fire, coughing up blood

bitter, salty I cold I LU ST • Softens hardness and dissipates phlegm nodules: Clumped phlegm-fire scrofula
GE QIAO
• Promotes urination: Superficial edema, edema with damp heat and urinary difficulty;
vaginal discharge
• Controls acidity, stops pain: Epigastric pain, acid regurgitation

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

 HERBS 461

KUN BU salty I cold I KD LV ST

• Reduces phlegm, softens areas of harness: Nodules in the neck; fullness and
obstruction of the chest from phlegm
• Promotes urination, reduces swelling: Edema; leg qi (adjunctive use only)

• Clears and disseminates the lU qi: loss of voice, sore throat, or phlegm-heat cough
resu lting from LU qi constraint
PANG DA HAl sweet I cold I Ll LU
• Clears the ll, unblocks the bowels: Fire above leading to constipation below
• Encourages the expression of rashes: Applied topically for incomplete expression of
rashes

ZE Ql
acrid, bitter I sl cold, toxic I 51 • Transforms phlegm, stops coughs: Wheezing and cough due to LU heat with phlegm
and congested fluids
Ll LU
• Dissipates phlegm nodules: Scrofula (internally and topically)

• Dissipates nodules, reduces masses: Goiter; many kinds of cancers

HUANG YAO Zl bitter I cold I LV LU
• Cools the blood, stops bleeding: Bleeding due to blood heat
• Resolves toxicity: Toxic sores; snake or dog bites

14. DISSOLVE COLD-PHLEGM

HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Dispels phlegm: Phlegm obstruction; phlegm nodules; cough or wheezing with profuse,
difficult to expectorate phlegm
• Opens the orifices, revives the spirit: Sudden loss of consciousness with seizures or
facial paralysis from excessive phlegm
ZAO JIA acrid I warm, sl toxic I LU Ll
• Dissipates clumps, reduces swelling: Initial stage of abscess or boils; difficult discharge
of pus
• Unblocks the bowels, expels roundworms: Constipation or intestinal obstruction due to
roundworms (suppository)

15. STOP COUGH/WHEEZING

HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Drains the lU, reduces phlegm, calms wheezing: Excess type wheezing due to phlegm
and thin mucus obstructing the LU qi, or from LU Heat
TING ll Zl acrid, bitter I very cold I LU UB
• Moves water, reduces edema: Excess type obstruction of LU and UB qi leading to
urinary obstruction, edema of the face, fluid accumulation in the chest and abdomen

• Dispels phlegm, stops coughs and wheezing: Cough and wheezing with copious
sputum due to heat
Zl JIN NIU bitter, acrid I neutral I LU LV
• Clears and resolves damp heat: Yang Jaundice, edema with urinary difficulty
• Invigorates the blood, transforms stasis: Traumatic injury, irregular menstruation

• Moistens the LU, clears the voice: Cough, sore throat, and hoarseness
MU HU DIE sweet, bland I cool I LV LU
• Gently frees the flow of LV qi: Flank and epigastric pain due to constrained qi
• Promotes the healing of sores: Ulcerated suppurative sores (topically)

• Moistens and cools the lU: Cough from heat with yellow sputum and dry cough
lUO HAN GUO sweet I cool I LV LU
• Generates fluids, stop thirst: Thirst from heat or summer heat
• Moistens the ll: Constipation from dryness, esp. with LU qi dysfunction

GUA Dl bitter I cold, sl toxic I ST

• Induces vomiting to treat phlegm or food stagnation: Accumulations above the
diaphragm
• Dispels damp heat, relieves jaundice: Damp-heat jaundice (dampness predominant)

ll lU
acrid, bitter I cold, toxic I LV • Induces vomiting to expel wind: Wind stroke, seizures, painful obstruction of the
throat form welling up of phlegm
LU ST
• Kills parasites, stops itching: Scabies, tinea, lice (topically)

16. AROMATICS FOR DAMP

HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Aromatical/y transforms dampness, awakens the SP, regulates the middle: Dampness
encumbering the SP; sweet sticky or metallic taste in the mouth, excessive saliva, and
halitosis
PEl LAN acrid I neutral I SP ST • Disperses summer-heat-dampness outward, releases the exterior: Acute distending
headache, stifling sensation in the chest, and heavy lethargy due to summer-heat
dampness
• Aromatically dispel middle burner turbid filth: Internal accumulation of turbid
dampness in the middle burner leading to lethargy, nausea, and bloating

HONG DOU
acrid I warm I SP LU
• Warms the middle, dries dampness, awakens the SP, reduces food stagnation:
Significant food stagnation and cold with epigastric pain, abdominal distention, and
KOU
vomiting

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

462 HERBS

17. DIGESTIVES
NONE

18. REGULATES Ql
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Relieves constraint, regulates the qi, stops pain: Constrained LV and SP qi causing
distending fullness of the flanks and abdomen and loss of appetite
acrid, bitter I warm I LV LU ST
FO SHOU SP • Harmonizes the SP and ST: Middle burner stagnation with epigastric pain and fullness
• Transforms phlegm and stops coughs: Cough and stifling sensation in the chest with
profuse phlegm

GAN SONG acrid, sweet I warm I SP ST • Awakens the SP, promotes the movement of qi, alleviates pain: Poor appetite,
abdominal distention and cramping, esp. sudden turmoil disorder

• Regulates the qi, awakens the SP, eases the middle: Qi stagnation leading to
epigastric and abdominal distention and pain
acrid, sl bitter, sour I warm I
XIANG YUAN
LV SP LU • Dredges and regulates the LV qi: Chest and flank distention and pain
• Reduces phlegm and cough by directing downward: Wheezing cough, stifling sensation
in the chest with profuse phlegm

TAN XIANG
acrid I warm, aromatic I LU SP • Unblocks qi stasis in the chest, stops pain, stops belching and nausea: Qi stasis in
the chest and abdomen causing pain, belch ing, nausea and vomiting; cold pain in the
ST
upper body, HT and abdomen

• Unblock the yang qi, disperses turbid phlegm: Painful obstruction of the chest with
wheezing, cough, pain through the chest and back, and shortness of breath
acrid, bitter I warm I Ll LU ST
XIE BAI
• Reaches into areas of congealed constraint to unbind, warm, drain, and facilitates the
orifices: Cold stagnation in upper body; stagnant qi in Ll

• Gently regulates the qi and blood, harmonizes the LV, and ST: Stifling sensation in
the chest, belching flank distention, and poor appetite due to LV constraint
MEl GUI HUA sweet, sl bitter I warm I LV SP
• Regulates menstruation: Irregular menstruation, breast distention, or abdom inal pain
due to qi and blood stasis

DAO DOU sweet I warm I SP KD

• Drives the qi downward, warms the middle: Hiccough, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
due to cold from deficiency
• Tonifies the KD, augments the primal qi: Lower backache, wheezing

• Disperses the cold stagnation in LV channel: Bulging disorder or testicular pain due to
stagnation in LV channel, esp. that due to cold
Ll ZHI HE sweet I warm I SP KD
• Regulates the qi, stops pain: Epigastric or abdominal pain from Liver Qi constraint
with or without blood stasis (including that related to menses)

SHI Dl bitter, astringe I neutral I LU ST • Stops hiccough by directing rebellious ST qi downward: Rebellious ST qi causing
hiccough

BA VUE ZHA bitter I neutral I LV ST • Drives the qi downward: Treats pain in the chest, epigastrium, and testicles
• Disperses clumping: Breast distention and lumps, scrofula fibrous masses

JIU XIANG
• Regulates the qi: Distention and stifling sensation in the chest and epigastrium due to
qi constraint
salty I warm I SP LV KD
CHONG
• Warms the KD yang: Impotence and soreness of the lower back and knees due to
KD yang deficiency

SUO LUO Zl sweet I warm I LV ST • Smooths the flow of LV qi, stops epigastric pain, directs rebellious qi downward:
Distention and pain in the chest and epigastrium due to LV qi stasis accosting the ST

Zl SU GENG
acrid, sweet I sl warm I LU SP • Expands the chest and diaphragm, promotes qi flow, harmonizes the middle burner:
Qi obstruction lead ing to discomfort and distention in the epigastrium and abdomen
ST
• Calms the fetus in pregnancy: Symptoms of morning sickness during pregnancy

19 STOP BLEEDING
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Cools the blood to stop bleeding: Reckless movement of hot blood; bleeding from
externa l trauma (topically)
DA Jl sweet I cool I LV SP HT
• Reduces swelling, generates flesh (Esp. the fresh herb): Boils and furuncles
• Benefits the GB, reduces jaundice: Jaundice due to damp heat
• Reduces hypertension: Hypertension due to LV heat

• Cools the blood to stop bleeding: Any bleeding due to blood heat

XIAO Jl sweet I cool I LV HT • Resolves toxicity, reduces abscesses: Sores and abscesses due to heat toxin
• Promotes urination: Blood in the urine due to damp-heat, reduces jaundice, hepatitis,
and hypertension

• Clears and directs heat downward: Hemorrhoids from heat toxin or damp heat
HUAI JIAO bitter I cold I LV GB Ll
• Stops bleeding: Blood in the stool
• Clears and drains LV fire: Headache, red eyes, hypertension

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

 HERBS 463

• Calms the fetus, stops bleeding: Threatened miscarriage with bleeding

ZHU MA GEN sweet I cold I HT LV • Cools the blood: Bleeding due to heat in the blood
• Promotes urination: Urinary difficulty due to damp heat
• Cools the blood and resolves toxicity: Toxic sores and snakebite (topically)

Zl ZHU
bitter, astringe I cool I LV LU
• Cools the blood to stop bleeding: All types of bleeding, esp. Gl tract and LU
ST
• Resolves toxicity: Sores and burns (topically)

• Restrains leakage to stop bleeding without promoting stasis: Bleeding, esp. uterine,
and nosebleeds
XUE YUTAN bitter I neutral I HT LV KD
• Promotes urination: Urinary difficulty, blood in the urine

bitter, astringe I neutral I LV Ll

• Generates flesh, resolves sores: Slow healing wounds and sores (topically)

ZONG LU PI
LU • Restrains and inhibits bleeding: Bleeding of all types, as long as there is no stasis

sweet, astringe I neutral I LU

OU JIE
ST LV • Stops bleeding by removing blood stasis and by restraining: Bleeding of all types

LIAN FANG
bitter, astringe I warm I LV SP
KD
• Dispels blood stasis, stops bleeding: Retained placenta, hemorrhoids, prolonged lochia
(unprepared); uterine bleeding, blood in the urine (carbonized)

HUA RUI SHI sour, astringe I neutral I LV • Stops bleeding by removing blood stasis and by restraining: Vomiting and coughing of
blood due to blood stasis; postpartum bleedi ng; external bleeding (topically)

• Warms the blood to stop bleeding: Bleeding due to SP deficiency unable to contain
the blood
lAO XIN TU acrid I warm I SP ST
• Warms the ST to stop bleeding and vomiting: Bleeding related to digestion, such as
vomiting of blood or passage of blood in the stool; nausea and vomiting from ST
deficiency

20 ACTIVATE BLOOD
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Invigorates the blood, tonifies the blood: Irregular menstruation, pain of dysmenorrhea
and postpartum
Jl XUE TENG bitter, sweet I warm I HT LV SP
• Soothes the sinews and invigorates the collaterals: Numbness and paralysis of the
extremities; pain in the lumbar and knees, or due to wind damp painful obstruction

• Invigorates the blood, breaks up blood stasis: Chest or abdomen pain due to blood
stasis caused by cold from deficiency, or stagnant qi; gynecological disorders; painful
swelling due to trauma
JIANG HUANG acrid, bitter I warm I SP ST LV
• Promotes the downward movement of qi: Epigastric or abdominal pain from qi
stagnation
• Treats wind painful obstruction: Wind damp painful obstruction causing aching arms
or shoulders

• Invigorates the blood and promotes qi movement: Ql constraint and blood stasis
causing irregular menstruation with distending pain in the chest and abdomen
VUE Jl HUA sweet I warm I LV
• Reduces swelling and resolves toxicity: Qi constraint generating fire, thickening the
blood so that it stagnates locally and forms swollen, toxic sores; esp, scrofula

• Invigorates the blood, unblocks the channels: Amenorrhea, wind-damp painful

obstruction, trauma
HU ZHANG bitter I cold I LV GB LU
• Clear heat, resolves dampness: Damp heat jaundice and turbid vaginal discharge;
cough due to LU heat; constipation due to clumping heat
• Clears heat, resolves toxicity: Burns, carbuncles, skin infections, snakebite

• Invigorates the qi and blood: Breast distention, insufficient lactation, irregular

menstruation due to qi and blood stasis
LU LU TONG bitter I neutral I LV ST
• Expels wind: Nasal congestion, aching from painful obstruction
• Facilitates urination: Edema with urinary difficulty

• Breaks up blood stasis, unblocks menstruation: Abdominal pain or masses, postpartu m

disorders such as retained placenta
LIU Jl NU bitter I warm I HT 51
• Heals trauma: Wounds, contusions, burns
• Reduces accumulation: Food stagnation

Zl RAN DONG acrid I neutral I LV • Disperses stasis, stops pain, heals injured sinews and bones: Injures from trauma such
as pain from fall s, contusions, broken bones, and hematoma

• Invigorate the blood, disperses stasis, stops pain (orally): Blood stasis due to internal
injury; contusions from falls; sta bbing pain in chest and abdomen; amenorrhea or
XUE JIE sweet, salty I neutral I HT LV postpartum pain due to blood stasis
• Generates flesh, help sores and wounds heal, stops bleeding (topically): Wounds and
sores that resist hea ling

SU MU
sweet, salty, acrid I neutral I HT • Invigorates the blood, expels stagnation, stops pain: Injures from trauma, such as
painful bruises, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea due to blood stasis, postpartum
LV SP
bleeding due to blood stasis

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

464 HERBS

• Invigorates the blood, stops intense pain: Disorders due to blood stasis including
dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, and epigastric pain; stabbing pain in the HT from blood
WU LING ZHI bitter, sweet I warm I LV
stasis and qi stagnation
• Stops bleeding due to stasis: Uterine bleeding due to blood stasis

JIANG XIANG acrid I warm I LV SP ST

• Stops bleeding by removing stasis: Internal or external injuries such as fractures or
sprains due to trauma
• Invigorates the blood and qi, arrests pain: Pain due to qi stagnation or blood stasis

• Disperses blood stasis and old phlegm: Nodules and masses around the body; blood
clotting abdominal masses in women; phlegm lumps
salty I neutral I LV SP LU
WA LENG Zl
• Absorbs acid and alleviates epigastric pain: Gastric acid causing ulcers and chronic
pain

SHUI ZH!
salty, bitter I neutral, sl toxic I • Breaks up blood stasis (slow but persistent), unblock deep stasis in lower burner:
Amenorrhea due to blood stasis, pain from trauma
LV UB
• Reduces fixed abdominal masses: Abdominal and uterine masses

TUB!£ CHONG salty I cold, sl toxic I LV HT SP

• Breaks up blood stasis: Amenorrhea, abdominal masses, numb tongue due to blood
stasis

. • Knits the sinews and joints the bones: injury to sinews and bones form trauma

MENG CHQNG bitter I sl cold, toxic I LV • Strongly breaks up blood stasis (quick-acting but short-lived): Blood accumulation,
mobile and fixed abdominal masses

GAN Ql
acrid, bitter I warm, sl toxic I
LV ST
• Strongly breaks up blood stasis and areas of hardness: Abdominal masses, amenorrhea
from blood stasis

• Clears blood stasis: Amenorrhea, abdominal masses

LING XIAO HUA sweet, sour I sl cold I LV PC • Expels lurking fire at the blood level: Itching and bleeding from the rectum or vagina
due to blood heat

MAO DONG bitter, astringe, acrid I sl cold I • Invigorates the blood and unblocks the vessels: Chest painful obstruction, hemiplegia

QING HT SP • Clears heat and resolves toxicity: Cough and wheezing fro LU heat, swollen and sore
throat, burns

>
• Invigorates the blood and cools blood heat: Amenorrhea, abdominal masses esp .
blood stasis from heat drying the blood
MA BIAN CAO bitter I sl cold I LV SP
• Clears heat, resolves toxicity: Clogging accumulation of heat toxin in the throat
• Facilitates urination: Edema, leg qi
• Checks malarial disorders: Chills and fever from malaria

GUI JIAN VU bitter I cold I LV

• Breaks up blood stasis, unblocks menstruation: Abdominal masses, irregular menses,
amenorrhea
• Kills parasites: Abdominal pain due to parasitic accumulation

21. WARM INTERIOR

HERB NATURE ACTIOI\IS AND INDICATIONS

PAO JIANG bitter I warm I KD

• Warms the middle and stops diarrhea: Diarrhea due to cold in the middle and lower
burners
• Stops bleeding by warming the yang: Bleeding due to yang qi deficiency

• Warms the middle burner, drives rebellious qi downward: Nausea, vomiting, hiccough,
epigastric cold pain, abdominal distention due to cold stasis
Bl CHENG QIE acrid I warm I SP ST KD UB
• Warms the qi of the KD and UB: Turbid urine or urinary difficulty due to lower
burner cold dampness; cold hernial disorders

22. Ql TONICS
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

TAl Zl SHEN
sweet, sl bitter I neutral I LU • Mildly tonifies the qi and yin: SP and ST deficiency with fatigue or lack of appetite,
LU deficiency with spontaneous sweating, injury to fluids after febrile disease,
SP
unrelenting fever or summer-heat in children

• Tonifies the SP and KD: General weakness and malaise, loss of appetite, headache,
insomnia, impotence

Cl WU JIA
acrid, sl bitter I warm I SP HT
KD
• Augments the HT, calms the spirit: Poor concentration, mild depression, frustration,
fearfulness
• Invigorates the blood, unblocks the collaterals: Poor peripheral circulation, pain due to
blood stasis

• Tonifies the SP qi, augments the SP yin: SP and ST qi deficiency with S,Q.B,,
lassitude, and poor appetite; SP and ST yin deficiency with dry mouth. loss of taste,
dry stools, dry red tongue
HUANG JING sweet I neutral I KD LU SP
• Enriches the yin, moistens the LU, augments the essence: Dry cough due to qi and
yin deficiency, waning of the essence with lumbar pain, weakness of legs, light
headedness; wasting and thirsting disorder

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

 HERBS 465

• Augments the Qi, generates fluids: Injury to the qi and fluids from chronic or febrile
disease

SHA Jl
sour, astringe, sl sweet I warm • Warms the SP/ST, reduces food stagnation: Chronic diarrhea and dysenteric disorders
with food accumulation
I LU SP ST L1
• Warms the menses, invigorates the blood: Menstrual problems due to blood stasis
• Benefits the LU: Stops coughs due to LU qi deficiency, esp. those which worsen on
exertion

23. BLOOD TONICS

HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS.
HE SHOU WU
(ZHI)
bitter, sweet, astringe I sl warm
I LV KD
• Nourishes the blood and yin, preserves the essence: LV and KD deficiency causing
premature greying of hair, weak lower back and knees

HE SHOU WU bitter, sweet, astringe I neutral

• Moistens the Ll, resolves fire toxicity, expels wind from the skin, reduces sores, and
checks malarial disorder: Fire toxin carbuncles, sores and neck lumps; constipation due
(SHENG) I LV HT L1 to blood deficiency; wind rash due to blood deficiency; chronic malarial disorders
with qi and blood deficiency

24. YANG TONICS

HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Fortifies the KD yang, tonifies the LU: KD unable to grasp qi; consumptive cough or
cough with blood streaked sputum
GE JIE salty I neutral I LU KD
• Assists the KD yang, augments the essence and blood: Impotence, daybreak diarrhea,
or urinary frequency from KD yang deficiency

• Gently tonifies the KD yang, augments the essence: Impotence, sore and weak lower
back and legs due to KD yang deficiency
DONG CHONG
XIA CAO
sweet I warm I LU KD
• Tonifies the LU yin, settles coughs and wheezing, stops sweating and bleeding:
Chronic cough, or consumptive cough with blood streaked sputum; wheezing from
deficiency

HU LU BA bitter I warm I KD
• Fortifies the KD yang; drives out lower burner cold qi: KD yang deficiency patterns
with accumulation of cold or stagnant qi; cold-damp leg qi, pain due to cold type
bulging disorder

• Fortifies the yang, secures the essence: Deficient KD yang with lower back pain,
tinnitus, impotence, urinary frequency
SHA YUAN Zl sweet I warm I KD LV
• Tonifies the LV and KD and improves the vision: Reduced visual acuity or blurred
vision from deficiency

• Tonifies the LV and KD, augments the essence: Deficiency of KD qi and essence
leading to infertility, impotence, spermatorrhea, lower back pain, and tinnitus

Zl HE CHE sweet, salty I warm I LV LU KD • Augments the qi, nourishes the blood: Emaciation, pallor insufficient lactation due to
qi and blood exhaustion
• Tonifies the LU qi, augments the KD essence: Wheezing due to LU and KD deficiency,
esp. in non-acute stage

JIU CAl Zl acrid, sweet I warm I KD LV • Warms the KD, fortifies the yang, secures the essence, secures the urine: KD yang
deficiency

HAl GOU SHEN salty I hot I KD LV • Strengthen the yang and essence, tonifies the marrow: Impotence, decreased libido
(Aversion to cold and cold limbs from KD yang deficiency)

YANG Ql SHI salty I sl warm I KD • Warms the KD and lower burner, fortifies the yang: KD yang deficiency and cold
• Warms the Womb: Infertility and uterine blooding from cold Womb

ZHONG RU SHI sweet, acrid I warm I LU

• Augment the KD, assists the yang, directs qi downward: Cough and wheezing in
patterns of yang deficiency with phlegm
• Benefit the qi and promotes lactation: Insufficient lactation

HAl LONG sweet I salty I sl warm I KD • Tonifies the KD, fortifies the yang: Impotence and debility, esp. in the elderly
• Reduces swelling and dissipates nodules: scrofula

• Tonifies the KD, fortifies the yang: Impotence, urinary incontinence, and wheezing
from deficiency, esp. in the elderly
HAlMA sweet, salty I warm I KD LV
• Invigorates the blood: Bleeding and pain from blood stasis; swe lling due to sores and
boils; abdominal masses

HAl SHEN salty I warm I HT KD

• Tonifies the KD, benefits the essence fortifies the yang: Impotence, nocturnal
emissions, urinary frequency
• Moistens the Ll: Constipation due to Ll dryness

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

466 HERBS

25. YIN TONICS

HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Clears the LU heat, expels phlegm, and moistens the LU yin: Cough and wheezing
due to LU deficiency with heat, esp., with traces of blood in the scanty sputum
NAN SHA SHEN sweet, sl bitter I cool I LU ST
• Nourishes the ST yin: Dry mouth and thirst due to heat or febrile disease injuring
the fluids
• Moistens the exterior: Dry, itchy skin, esp. aggravated by dry, cold weather

sweet, sl bitter I cold I HT KD

• Tonifies the qi, generates fluids and nourishes the yin: Yin deficiency with heat signs;
chronic, unabating fever, or weakness, irritability and thirst after febrile disease
XI YANG SHEN LU
• Nurtures the LU yin and clears fire from the LU: LU yin deficiency with fire blazing;
loss of voice due to yin deficiency

• Enriches the LU and ST yin, restores fluids (not cloying): LU and ST dry heat or yin
deficiency patterns with cough, dry throat, irritability, and thirst; invasion of wind hat
with a yin deficient constitution; steaming bone disorder; wasting and thirsting
YU ZHU sweet I sl cold I LU ST disorder with intense hunger and constipation

• Extinguishes wind and softens and moistens the sinews: Wind generated by
insufficient fluids, leading to pain and spasms in the sinews; dizziness due to internal
wind caused by yin deficiency

• Tonifies the LV and KD yin: Yin deficiency with dizziness, blurred vision, vertigo,
premature greying of the hair
HAN LIAN CAO sweet, sour I cool I KD LV
• Cools the blood and stops bleeding: Bleeding due to heat in the blood in yin
deficiency patterns

YIN ER sweet, bland I neutral I LU ST

• Enriches the LU yin, moistens the fluids: Cough due to LU yin deficiency, or LU
consumption
• Nourishes the ST yin: Yin deficiency with ascendant yang

• Tonifies the LV and KD yin: Weakness of lower back and legs, steaming bone
disorder, deficiency consumption
CHU SHI Zl sweet I cold I LV KD
• Clears the LV, clears the eyes: Superficial visual obstruction from heat in LV channel
• Tonifies the KD qi: Edema and urinary difficulty from KD qi dysfunction

26 ASTRINGENTS
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

sour, astringe I warm toxic I Ll

• Binds the ll, stops diarrhea and uterine bleeding: Chronic diarrhea due to cold from
deficiency, dysenteric disorders, and rectal prolapse; excessive uterine bleeding and
SHI LIU PI
ST vaginal discharge
• Kills parasites: Tapeworms and roundworms; also ringworms (topically)

YU YU LIANG sweet, astringe I neutral I Ll ST

• Binds the ll, stops diarrhea: Lower burner weakness to point of incontinence; chronic
diarrhea and dysenteric disorders
• Restrains, inhibits and stops bleeding: Incessant vaginal discharge of uterine bleeding

LIAN XU
sweet, astringe I neutral I HT
• Clears heat, stabilizes the KD: Premature ejaculation, enuresis, vaginal discharge
KD LV
• Stops bleeding (mild effect): Variety of bleeding disorder
• Contains leaking LU qi and stops coughs; eliminates phlegm and thin mucus: Chronic
cough due to LU deficiency
• Binds the ll and stops diarrhea: Chronic diarrhea, chronic blood in the stool
dysenteric disorders, recta l prolapse
WU BEl Zl sour, salty I cold I KD Ll LU
• Reserves and restrains: Leakage problems, such as nocturnal emissions, excessive
sw eating and bleeding
• Absorbs moisture, reduces swelling, resolves fire toxicity: Sores, ringworms, toxic
swellings, damp, ulcerated skin (topically)
MAHUANG
GEN
sweet I neutral I LU • Inhibits the exterior to stop sweating caused by deficiency: Many types of sweating
due to qi or yin deficiency; postpartum sweating
NUO DAO GEN
xu sweet I neutral I KD LV LU • Clears heat from deficiency, stops sweating: Night sweats due to yin deficiency,
spontaneous sweating, deficient yin fevers

SANG PIAO
sweet, salty I neutral I KD LV
• Tonifies the KD yang, secures the essence, contains the urine: KD yang deficiency
with dribbling urine, urinary frequency, nocturnal emissions without dreams,
XIAO
bedwetting in children

27 ANCHOR SHEN
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS
LONG CHI sweet, astringe I cool I HT LU
• Settles anxiety, calms the spirit: Palpitations with anxiety, withdrawal mania, insomnia

• Calms the LV, anchors the ya!lg, drains LV fire: Headache, dizziness, tinnitus, insomnia
fro hyperactive LV yang
ZHEN ZHU MU sweet, sa lty I cold I HT LV
• Clears the LV, clears the eyes: Red eyes, photophobia, superficial visual obstruction
• Sedates fright, calms the spirit: Palpitation with anxiety, insomnia, irritability
• Stops bleeding: Bleeding, esp. from the upper part of the body

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

 HERBS 467

• Sedates the HT, settles tremors, nourishes LV blood: Disorientation, insomnia,

palpitations with anxiety, or convulsions due to HT blood deficiency or rising LV ya ng
Zl SHI YING sweet I warm I HT LV • Warms the LU and directs qi downward: Cough or wheezing due to cold from
deficiency of the LU; wheezing with copious sputum
• Warms the Womb, Penetrating, and Conception vessels: Excessive menstruation,
uterine bleeding or infertility due to cold from deficiency in the "sea of blood"

• Arrests palpitations, calms the spirit: Palpitations with anxiety, excessive dreams,
insomnia, forgetfulness, anxiety, seizures
• Invigorates the blood, dissipates stasis: Amenorrhea or pain associated with palpable
masses due to blood stasis; coronary heart disease
HU PO sweet I neutral I UB HT LV
• dysfunction,
Promotes urination, invigorates the blood: Urinary retention or painful urinary
esp. with bloody urine
• scrotum or vulva (topically)
Reduces swelling, promotes healing: Sores, ulcerations, swelling and pain of the

Zl BEl CHI salty I neutral I LV

• threatening
Cools heat, brightens the eyes: Superficial visual obstruction due to heat toxin, rashes
eyes of children
• Calms the liver, anchors the yang: Dizziness, palpitations, insomnia

SHENG TIE LUO acrid I coo/ I HT LV • Calms the LV, sedates the spirit: Withdrawal-mania, delirium from febrile disease,
palpitations, insomnia

28. NOURISH & CALM SHEN

HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Calms the spirit, augments the HT qi, tonifies the HT blood: Insomnia, fright,
palpitations, poor memory due to weak HT qi and blood
LING ZHI sweet I neutral I HT LV LU
• Tonifies the qi, nourishes the blood: Deficiency consumption with shortness of breath,
poor appetite, frigid extremities or irritability, dry mouth

• Calms the spirit, regulate the qi, relieves constraint: Bad temper, depression,
insomnia, irritability, poor memory
HE HUAN PI sweet I neutral I HT LV
• Harmonizes the blood, stops pain, reconnects the sinews and bones: Pain and
swelling due to trauma, including fractures
• Dissipates swellings, reduces abscesses: swollen, painful abscesses, esp. LU abscess

HE HUAN HUA sweet I neutral I LV ST

• Relieves constrained LV qi; promotes qi flow in co/laterals, and calms the spirit:
Insomnia, poor memory, and irritability due to constraint; stops pain by promoting qi
circulation through the co/laterals

29 AROMATICS FOR ORIFICES

HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Intensely opens the orifices, revives the spirit, unblocks closed disorder: Convulsions,
delirium, stupor, fainting due to heat entering the PC; closed disorders, tetanic
acrid I warm, aromatic I HT SP collapse, phlegm collapse, seizures
SHE XIANG
LV
• Invigorates the blood, dissipates clumps, reduces swelling, alleviates pain: Severe
obstruction and pain due to blood stasis
• Facilitates delivery and uterine expulsion: Stillborn birth, delayed passage of afterbirth

sweet, acrid I warm, aromatic I

• Opens the orifices, penetrates through turbidity: Closed disorder, phlegm blockage,
and epidemic toxic diseases, esp. for cold disorders
SU HE XIANG
HT SP
• Opens constraint, clears away filth: Stifling sensation, cold, fullness, and pain in the
chest and abdomen

acrid, bitter I neutral I HT LV

• Opens the orifices, awakens the spirit, promotes the movement of qi: Coma, or
delirium with a stifling sensation and distention of the chest and abdomen
AN XI XIANG
SP
• Invigorate the blood, promotes the movement of qi: Pain in the chest and abdomen;
muscle and joint pain)

• Aromatically opens the orifices and awakens the spirit: Fainting or convulsions
BING PIAN acrid, bitter I s/ cold I HT SP
• Painful and swollen
Disperses fire from constraint, alleviates pain, dissipates nodules, alleviates itching:
throat; skin diseases (topically)

• Opens the orifices, vaporizes phlegm, quiets the spirit: Phlegm veiling the sensory
orifices, coma, withdrawal-mania, or impaired mental functioning due to
phlegm-dampness veiling the consciousness
acrid, bitter I warm, aromatic I
SHI CHANG PU
HT ST • Harmonizes the middle burner, transforms turbid dampness: Chest and epigastric
fulln ess and abdom inal pain from dampness distressing the SP and ST
• Reduces swelling, promotes blood flow: Ulceration of mucous membranes;
wind-cold-damp painful obstruction

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

468 HERBS

30 EXTINGUISH LIVER WIND

HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Extinguish wind, controls spasms and convulsions: Stubborn high fever with internal
movement of wind due to inten se heat; childhood convulsions due to high fever

LING YANG
salty I cold I HT LV
• Calms the LV and anchors the yang, improves the vision : Dizziness, headaches,
blurred vision, red eyes, spasms due to blazing LV fire
JIAO
• Drains heat and resolves fire toxicity: Warm-fe brile diseases with high fever, delirium,
manic behavior (heat in PC)
• Clears damp-heat: Wind-damp-heat painful obstruction

• Calms the LV; anchors the yang: Headache, dizziness, vertigo due to LV yang rising

• Dispels wind heat, brightens the eyes: Red, swollen and painful eyes, or increased
tearing
acrid, bitter I neutral I LV
Cl Jl Ll
• Dredges LV qi, disperses constraint: Pain and distention in chest or flanks or
insufficient lactation due to constrained LV qi
• Dispels wind, stops itching: Any skin lesion with itching, such as hives

• Calms the LV yang, nourishes the LV yin and blood: Dizziness and headaches due to
yin and blood deficiency precipitating hyperactive yang
LU DOU VI sweet I neutral I LV
• Enriches the KD yin, cools heat from deficiency: Night sweats and fever due to yin
deficiency
• Clears heat, resolves toxicity: Swelling and abscesses (also topically)

• Clams and curbs LV yang, cools LV fire: Dizziness, vertigo, irritability, restlessness, and
insomnia, hypertension
LUO BU MA YE sweet, bitter I cool I LV
• Clears heat, promotes urination: Edema and urinary difficulty with heat
• Nourishes the HT, calms the spirit: Insomnia, palpitations, nervousness, post-concussion
syndrome

• Extinguishes wind, stops spasms and convulsions: Childhood convulsions, lockjaw and
seizures, facial paralysis

BAI JIANG CAN acrid, salty I neutral I LV LU • Dispels wind heat, stops itching and pain: Headache, toothache, red eyes, sore and
swollen throat, loss of voice due to external or internal wind
• Transforms phlegm, dispels clumping: Phlegm-heat scrofula and other phlegm nodes
• Expels wind, stops itching: Wind rash and itching skin lesions

• Extinguishes wind, stops tremors and convulsions: LV wind-phlegm patterns

QUAN XIE salty, acrid I neutral, toxic I LV • Attacks and resolves fire toxin: Toxic sores and scrofula (topically)
• Tracks down wind, unblocks the collaterals, stops pain: Stubborn headache and painful
obstruction

• Extinguishes wind, stops spasms and convulsions: Childhood convulsions, lockjaw and
seizure
WU GONG acrid I warm, toxic I LV
• Attacks toxin, dissipates nodules: Toxic nodules including sores and neck lumps, and
snakebite
• Unblocks the collaterals, stops pain: Stubborn headache and painful obstruction

31 EXPEL PARASTIES
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Kills parasites: Esp. for roundworm

SHI JUN Zl sweet I warm I SP ST
• Strengthens the SP, dissolves accumulations: Childhood nutritional impairment, poor
appetite, abdominal distention (esp. for children or those with a weak constitution)

KU LIAN PI bitter I cold, toxic I LV SP ST • Kills parasites, clears damp heat: Esp. for roundworm, hookworm, and ringworm;
vaginal Trichomonas infections, candidiasis; tinea infection (topically)

• Kills parasites: Intestinal parasites, including tapeworm, pinworm, hookworm,

roundworm
FEI Zl sweet I neutral I Ll LU ST
• Moistens the Ll: Constipation, esp. with hemorrhoids
• Moistens the LU, stops coughs: Mild cough due to dry LU

HE SHI
bitter, acrid I neutral, sl toxic I
SP ST
• Kills parasites: Intestinal parasites, esp. for abdominal pain from roundworm, pinworm,
hookworm, or tapeworm
• Kills parasites: Esp. for tapeworm (uncooked powder), but also hookworm and
roundworm
LEI WAN bitter I cold, sl toxic I Ll ST • Clears damp-heat in the ST and Ll, treats childhood nutritional impairments:
Accumulation disorders in childhood nutritional impairment (esp. if associated with
parasites)

WU VI bitter, acrid I warm I SP ST

• Kills parasites: Esp. for roundworm and tapeworm , childhood nutritional impairment
form parasites, esp. with abdominal pain or diarrhea
• Topical use: Tinea infections

• Kills parasites: Intestinal parasites including tapeworm, roundworm, pinworm,

hookworm, and LV fluke
GUAN ZHONG bitter I cold I LV ST
• Clears heat, resolves toxicity: Wind-heat common cold, warm disease macules, or
damp heat sores, mumps or epidemic toxin
• Cools the blood, stops bleeding: Bleeding due to hot blood, esp. uterine

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

 HERBS 469

NAN GUA Zl sweet I neutral I Ll ST • Expels parasites and alleviates pain: Especially fro tapeworm, but also for roundworm
and schistosomes

• Kills parasites: Hookworm and pinworm, and other intestinal parasites; tinea of the
scalp

DA SUAN acrid I warm I L1 LU SP ST

• Resolves toxicity: Diarrhea, dysentery, consumption; early stage toxic swollen sores
and abscesses
• Warms the ST, strengthens the SP, reduces stagnation Accumulation of thin mucus or
food stagnation (esp. from meat); cold pain in the epigastrium and abdomen;
distention associated with fluid retention

CHANG SHAN
bitter, acrid I cold, toxic I HT
• Checks malarial conditions: Outbreak or malarial symptoms
LV LU
• Induces vomiting to expel phlegm: Phlegm collecting in the chest

32 EXTERNAL USE
HERB NATURE ACTIONS AND INDICATIONS

• Restrains pathogenic dampness, resolves toxicity: Wash for scabies, ringworm, and
rashes due to dampness or damp heat, swollen and painful eyes or throat
• Inhibits sores, generates flesh, transforms putrefaction: Chronic, non-healing ulcers or
sores, fistulas
sour, astringe I cold I Ll LV LU
BAI FAN
SP • Stops bleeding, alleviates diarrhea: Chronic diarrhea, blood in stool, uterine bleeding
or vaginal discharge (internally); nosebleed, hemorrhoidal bleeding, bleeding gums,
bleeding due to trauma
• Clears heat, expels phlegm (by vomiting), resolves thin mucus: Wind-phlegm disorders
with irritability, delirium, or convulsions cough with difficult to expectorate sputum

• Brightens the eyes, removes superficial visual obstructions: Red and swollen eyes due
to wind heat, or pterygium
LU GAN SHI sweet I neutral I LV ST
• Dries dampness, generates flesh: Long-term drainage of pus from open or poorly
healing sores

• Resolves toxicity, kills parasites, stops itching: Scabies, ringworm, yin furuncles and
damp festering sores and ulcers
LIU HUANG sour I hot, toxic I KD Ll PC
• Tonifies the fire at the gate of vitality: Impotence, lumber soreness, KD yang
deficiency (prepared, internally)

• Expels toxin, generates flesh, stops itching: Swollen, toxic sores and ulcers
QIAN DAN acrid I cool, toxic I HT LV SP
• Directs phlegm downward, suppresses spasm: Seizures (internally; no longer
recommended)

TU JING PI acrid I warm, toxic I LU SP

• Kills parasites, dispels dampness, stops itching: Tinea, eczema, scabies, lichen simplex

bitter, sl sweet I warm, toxic I

• Resolves toxicity, reduces swelling: Toxic swollen sores, breast abscess, scrofula,
hemorrhoids
MU BIE Zl
Ll LV ST
• Reduces swelling, invigorates the blood: Swelling and pain due to external trauma or
lumbar pain

DA FENG Zl acrid I hot, toxic I KD LV SP • Expels wind, dries dampness, attacks toxicity, kills parasites: Scabies tinea; leprosy
(internally, no longer recommended)

• Drains dampness and absorbs seepage: Sores filled with purulent fluids; mouth sores

ER CHA bitter, astringe I sl cold I LU • Stops bleeding: Bleeding fue to external injury
• Clears upper burner heat, transforms phlegm, generates fluids: Cough due to LU heat,
summer-heat thirst, diarrhea (internally; rarely used)

• Expels wind and dampness; kills parasites: Scabies, ringworm, itching sores

ZHANG NAO acrid I hot, toxic I HT SP • Opens the orifices and expels turbidity: Delirium and sudden loss of consciousness
due to heat (internally)
• Invigorates the blood and alleviates pain: External injuries with pain and swelling

BAN MAO acrid I cold, toxic I Ll LV ST • Attacks toxins, wears away sores: Sores, carbuncles, scrofula
• Breaks up blood stasis, disperses clumps Palpable fixed masses (internally; rarely used)

sweet, acrid I warm, toxic I HT

• Resolves toxicity, reduces swelling, alleviates pain: Swelling sores, ulcers, and
carbuncles; pain and swelling of the throat
CHAN SU
ST
• Expels summer-heat and dampness, opens the orifices: Extremely turbid summer-heat
with abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea

FENG FANG sweet I neutral, toxic I LU ST

• Resolves toxicity, expels wind, alleviates pain: Rash, itching, sores, scabies, ringworm;
severe toothache (as a gargle)
• Expels wind, dries dampness: Wind-damp painful obstruction or wind rash

NCCAOM Herbs I Actions and Indications

470 HERBS

THE TAO OF NUTRITION MAOSHING & CATHY

1 VEGETABLES
2 FRUITS
3 GRAINS
4 SEEDS, NUTS & LEGUMES
5 MEAT, FISH, POULTRY & ANIMAL PRODUCTS
6 MISCELLANEOUS FOODS, HERBS, AND BEVERAGES

1.VEGETABLES

Name Nature/Taste Actions

1 Alfalfa Sprout cool I sl bitter Benefits SP,ST I Dispels damp I Lubricates intestines

2 Asparagus cool I sweet, bitter Clear heat I Detoxifies I Promotes blood circulation I Clears LU
Strengthens ST I Relieves food retention I Resolves mucus I
3 Bamboo Shoot cool I sweet Promotes diuresis I Cuts or emulsifies fats I Relieves alcohol
intoxication I Promotes measles
Nourishes blood I Tonifies HT I Calms the spirit I Lubricates
4 Beet cool I sweet
intestines I Cleanses LV
sl warm I pungent, Strengthens ST I Improves appetite I Promotes blood circulation I
5 Bell Pepper
sweet Removes food stagnation I Reduces swelling
Clears heat I Lubricates the intestines I Removes food stagnation I
6 Bok Choy cool I pungent, sweet
Quenches thirst I Promotes digestion
Clears heat I Promotes diuresis I Brightens eyes I Clears
7 Broccoli cool I sweet
summer-heat I (This vegetable is weak in action)
8 Burdock root (Gobo) cool I pungent, bitter Clears heat I Dispels wind I Brightens vision
9 Cabbage (Red/Green) cool I sweet Clears heat I Lubricates intestines I Stops cough
Clears heat I Detoxifies I Strengthens all internal organs I Benefits
10 Carrot cool I sweet, pungent the eyes I Relieves measles I Lubricates the intestines I Promotes
digestion

11 Cauliflower cool I sweet

Lubricates intestines I Strengthens SP I (This vegetable is weak in
action)
Tonifies KD I Stops bleeding I Strengthens SP,ST I Clears heat I
12 Celery cool I sweet, sl bitter
Lowers blood pressure I Promotes diuresis
13 Chard neutral I sweet Clears Toxic-heat I Benefits blood

14 Chinese Cabbage (Napa Cabbage) cold I sweet

Clears heat I Lubricates intestines I Promotes urination I
Diaphoretic

15 Chinese Chive warm I pungent

Tonifies KD and sexual functions I Removes damp I Warms up
coldness
16 Cilantro Leaf (Chinese Parsley) sl cool I pungent Promotes sweating I Strengthens digestion I Promotes Qi flow
Stops bleeding I Promotes diuresis I Benefits GB I Lowers blood
17 Corn cool I sweet
pressure I Clears heat I Detoxifies
cool I sweet, bland Clears heat I Quenches thirst I Relieves irritability I Promotes
18 Cucumber
(peels are bitter) diuresis
Removes food stagnation I Moistens LU I Resolves mucus I
19 Daikon Radish (White carrot) cool I pungent, sweet
Quenches thirst I Relieves alcohol intoxication
Clears heat I Detoxifies I Anti-tumor I Benefits LV function I
20 Dandelion Greens cool I bitter, sl sweet
Promotes the flow of bile I Diuretic
Relieves pain I Promotes diuresis I Reduces swelling I Removes
21 Eggplant cool I sweet
blood stagnation
Anti-viral I Anti-fungal I Detoxifies meat and seafood I Kills worms
22 Garlic hot I pungent
I Removes food stagnation and blood stagnation I Reduces abscess

23 Green Bean warm I sweet Warms SP,ST I Descends Qi I Tonifies KD I Benefits Qi

24 Kale warm I sl bitter Strengthens ST I Stops pain I Promotes regrowth of tissue
Invigorates Qi I Remove stagnation I Reduces swelling I Softens
25 Lettuce neutral I bland
hardening I (This vegetable is weak in action)
Very healing I Clears heat I Quenches thirst I Relieves irritability I
26 Lotus Root cool I sweet
Stops bleeding I Strengthens ST I Promotes diuresis I Cools blood

sl cool I sweet
Induces measles eruptions I Detoxifies I Improves appetite I Stops
27 Mushroom (Button)
diarrhea I Resolves phlegm I Anti-tumor

Foods I Actions
 HERBS 471

28 Mushroom (Ganoderma, ling Zhi) warm I bland Nourishes HT I Clams t he spirit I Fortifies the Qi and Blood

29 Mushroom (Shitake, Black) neutral I sweet Strengthens ST I Promotes healing I Lowers blood pressure I
Detoxifies I Anti-tumor I Lowers cholesterol

30 Mushroom (White) cold I sweet Clears summer-heat I Lowers blood pressure I Anti-tumor I
Detoxifies

31 Mustard Green Relieves common colds I Promotes diuresis I Dissolves mucus 1

warm I pungent
Strengthens and lubricates I Ventilates LU I Increases appetite
32 Onion (or leek) warm I pungent Promotes sweating I Resolves phlegm I Diuretic

33 Parsley sl warm I pungent Promotes digestion I Removes food stagnation I Regu lates flow of
Qi I Induces measle eruption I Diuretic

34 Parsnip warm I pungent Promotes sweating I Dispels wind-damp I Re lieves pain 1 Stops
bleeding (when charred)

35 Potato cool I sweet Relieves ulcer pain I Strengthens SP I Harmonizes ST I Tonifies Qi

I Lubricates intestines I Promotes diuresis I Heals inflammations
Dispels damp I Reduces fever I Relieves pain I Stabilizes
36 Pumpkin (and Winter Squash} cool I sweet hyperactive fetus I Stops dysentery I Benefits diabetes I The seeds
kill worms and parasites

37 Scallion (Green Onion) hot I pungent

Expels external pathogens I Dispels wind-cold I Induces sweating I
Anti-viral I Anti-bacterial

Soften hardenings I Clears heat I Detoxifies I Benefits the thyroid

38 Seaweed cold I salty gland I Neutralizes radioactive material I Benefits the lymphatic
system I Promotes diuresis I Provides many minerals
Strengthens middle-warmer I Detoxifies I Relieves vomiting I
39 Snow Pea cold I sweet Promotes diuresis I Relieves belching I Stops dysentery I Aids
lactation I Quenches thirst
40 Soybean Sprout cool I sweet Promotes diuresis I Clears heat
Strengthens all organs I Lubricates intestines I Promotes urination I
41 Spinach cool I sweet
Ventilates the chest I Quenches thirst
Squash (Summer Squash, Clears heat I Detoxifies I Promotes diuresis I Quenches thirst I
42
Zucchini)
cool I sweet
Relieves restlessness
Strengthens SP,ST I Tonifies Qi I Clears heat I Detoxifies I
43 Sweet Potato (Yam) neutral I sweet
Increases the production of milk

Clears heat I Reduces swelling I Benefits SP I Regulates digestive

44 Taro Root neutral I sweet, pungent
system

45 Turnip
cool I sweet, bitter, Clears heat I Removes damp I Removes food stagnation I
pungent Detoxifies I Stops cough
46 Water Chestnut cold I sweet Clears heat I Stops bleeding

47 Watercress cool I bitter Clears heat I Quenches thirst I Lubricates LU I Promotes diuresis
Clears heat I Detoxifies I Promotes urination I Quenches thirst I
48 Winter Melon cool I sweet, bland
Relieves irritability I Dispels damp I Antidote for seafood poisoning

2. FRUITS

Name Nature/Taste Actions

Strengthens HT I Tonifies Qi I Quenches thirst I Promotes body fluids I
1 Apple cool I sweet, sl sour
Lubricates LU I Resolves mucus
2 Apricot sl cool I sweet, sour Regenerates body fluids I Clears heat I Detoxifies I Quenches thirst
Clears heat I Lubricates LU I Lubricates intestines I Lowers blood pressure
3 Banana cold I sweet
I Aids alcohol intoxication
4 Cantaloupe cold I sweet Clears heat I Quenches thirst I Relives summer-heat I Eases urination
Benefits skin and overall body I Rejuvenates I Strengthens SP I Stimulates
5 Cherry warm I sweet appetite I Stops dysentery and diarrhea I Quenches thirst I Regenerates
fluids I Stops seminal emissions I Prolongs life
Strengthens SP I Tonifies Yin I Nourishes body I Ton ifies blood I
Chinese Date Lubricates LU I Stops cough I Stops diarrhea I Harmonizes within the
6
(Red/Black jujube)
neutral I sweet
body or within an herb formula I (Dates and Licorice can reduce the
harshness of a food or herb and unite the combination into action)
Astringes intestines I Stops diarrhea I Kills worms I Stops cough I
7 Chinese Prune warm I sour Consolidates LU I Quenches thirst I Promotes body fluids I (The sweet
prunes quench thirst, promote body fluids, and moisten the intestines)

8 Coconut warm I sweet

Strengthens the body I Reduces swelling I Stops bleeding I Kills worms I
Activates HT function

Foods I Actions
472 HERBS

9 Fig cool I sweet Clears heat I Lubricates LU and intestines I Stops diarrhea
Very tomfying (particularly the red or purple variet1es) I Nounshes blood I
10 Grape warm I sweet, sour Strengthens bone s and tendons I Ton1f 1es Q1 I Harmon 1zes ST I Promotes
diuresis I Relieves irritability
Strengthen s ST I Aids digestion I Circulates Qi I Detoxifies alcohol
11 Grapefruit cold I sweet, sour intoxication
Strengthen s SP I Removes food stagnation I Invigorates blood I Dissolves
12 Hawthorn Berry sl warm I sweet, sour sputum I Relieves Qi stagnation I Aids digestion
Regenerates body flu ids I Harmonizes ST I Regu lates Qi I Quenches thirst
13 Lemon cool I sour I Benefits LV
14 Litchi Fruit (Lychee) warm I sweet, astringent Nourishes blood I Calms spirit I Soothes LV I Regu lates Qi
Lubricates dryness I Stops cough I Harmonizes ST I Descen ds rebellious Qi
15 loquat neutral I sweet, sour
I Calm s LV
16 Mango neutral I sweet, sour Regenerates body f luid s I Stops cough I Stops thirst I Strengthe ns ST
Quenches thirst I Detoxifies I Nourishes blood I Tonifies KD I Lubricates
17 Mulberry sl cold I sweet LU I Rel ieves constipation I Calms spirit I Promotes diuresis
Lubricates LU I Resolves mucus I Increases appetite I St rengthens SP I
18 Orange coo l I sweet, sour
Quenches thirst I Promotes body fluids
Strengthens SP,ST I Aids digestion I Clears sum mer-heat I Lubricates LU I
19 Papaya neutral I sweet, sour Stops cough I Aids irritability I Kills wo rms I Increases milk production

Lubricates LU I Clears heat I Aids diabetes I Promotes body fluids I

20 Peach very cool I sweet, sl sour
Induces sweating
Regenerates body fluid s I Quenches thirst I Calms HT I Lubricates lU I
21 Pear Apple (Asian Pear) cold I sweet Relieves restlessness I Promotes urination I Clears heat I Detox ifies I
Lubricates throat I Dissolves mucus I Descends Qi and stops cough
Lubricates LU I Stops cough with heat I Dissolves sputum I Strengthens SP
22 Persimmon cool I sweet, astringent
I Stops diarrhea I Quenches thirst I Clears heat
23 Pineapple warm I sweet, sour Aids digestion I Stops diarrhea I Dispels summer-heat
Stimulates appetite I Aids digestion I Regulates body fluids I Stops th irst I
24 Plum sl warm I sweet, sour Softens or soothes the LV I Removes Qi stagnation I Removes t he feel ing
of steaming bones
25 Raspberry sl warm I sweet, sour Tonifies LV,KD I Astringes essence I Astringes urination I Brightens eyes
Lubricates LU I Promotes body f luids I Strengthens SP I Detoxifies in
26 Strawberry coo l I sweet, sour
alcohol intoxication
27 Tangerine warm I sweet, sour Carminative I Opens channels I Strengthens ST I Stops cough
Promotes body fluids I Que nches t hi rst I Strengthens ST I Aids digestion I
28 Tomato sl cool I sweet, sour Cools blood I Clears heat I Detoxifies I Ca lms LV I Removes food
stagnation
Quenches thirst I Relieves irritab ility I Dispels summer-heat I Promotes
29 Watermelon cold I sweet
diuresi s I Detoxifies

3. GRAINS

Name Nature/Taste Actions

Descends Qi I Strengthens ST I Stops dysent ery I Lowers blood pressure I
1 Buckwheat neutra l I sweet
Strengthens blood vesse ls

Ton ifies Qi I Strengthens SP,ST I Benefits HT I Diuretic I Stimulates the

2 Corn Meal neutra l I sweet
flow of bile
Stops vomiting I Rel ieves diarrhea I Conso lidates or astringes ST and
3 Millet cool I sweet
intestines I Clears heat I Promotes urination I Soothes morning sickness
Strengthens SP I Tonifies Qi I Harmonizes ST I Regulates Qi I Carminative
4 Oats warm I sweet
I Stops lactation (sprouted form only)

5 Pearl Barley (Coix, JoB's Tears) cool I bland Promotes diuresis I Strengthens SP I Benefits GB I Clears heat I Detoxifies

neutral I sweet
Strengthens SP I Nourishes ST I Quenches t hirst I Relieves irrita bility I
6 Rice (Brown)
Astringes intestines I Stops diarrhea

7 Rice (Sweet) warm I sweet Warms SP,ST I Tonifies Qi I Astringes urine

8 Rice (White) sl cool I sweet Moistens Yin I Clears heat I Diuretic I Reduces swe lling

9 Rice Bran neutral I sweet Dispels damp I Diuretic

10 Rye neutral I sweet Arrest s perspiration due to weakness I Strengthens ST I Fortifies Qi

Clears heat I Quenches thirst I Re lieves rest lessness I Promotes diuresis I
11 Wheat sl coo l I sweet
Calms spirit I Stops sweating

12 Wheat Bran sl warm I sweet Calms spirit I Resolves damp I Moves stool

13 Wheat Germ warm I sweet Re lieves restlessness I Arrests diabetes

Foods I Actions
 HERBS 473

4 . SEEDS, NUTS & LEGUMES

Name Nature/Taste Actions

1 Almond neutral I sweet

Ventilates LU I Relieves cough and asthma I Transform phlegm I Lubricates
intestines

2 Azuki Bean (Aduki, Red) neutral I sweet, sour Strengthens SP I Benefits diabetes I Counteracts toxins I Reduces damp 1
Benefits KD

3 Black Bean warm I sweet Tonifies KD I Nourishes Yin I Strengthens and nourishes blood 1 Brightens eyes
I Promotes diuresis I Strengthens KD
4 Chestnut warm I sweet, salty Tonifies KD I Strengthens digestion I Fortifies Qi I Arrests cough
5 Filbert (Hazel Nut) neutral I sweet Fortifies Qi I Strengthens digestion
6 Kidney Bean neutral I sweet Strengthens digestion I Promotes elimination I Diuretic

7 Lentil sl warm I sweet Harmonizes digestion I Strengthens ST I Descend rebellious Qi I Clear

summer-heat
8 lotus Seed neutral / sweet Strengthens KD I Astringes I Nutritive tonic

9 Mung Bean very cool I sweet Clears heat I Detoxifies I Quenches thirst I Promotes urination I Reduces
swelling I Aids edema in the lower limbs I Counteracts toxins

10 Peanut neutral I sweet Improves appetite I Strengthens SP I Regulates blood I Lu bricates LU I

Promotes diuresis I Aids in lactation

11 Pea neutral I sweet

Strengthens digestion I Strengthens SP,ST I Promotes diuresis I Lubricates
intestines
12 Pine Nut w ar m I sweet Lubricates LU I Stops cough I Lubricates intestines I Promot es body fluids
13 Pumpkin Seed cold I sweet Anti-parasitic I Diuretic

Nourishes LV,KD I Lubricates intestines I Blackens gray hair I Tonifies the body
14 Sesame Seed (Brown) sl warm I sweet
overall I Benefits skin

Tonifies LV,KD I Harmonizes blood I Lubricates intestines I Restore hair color I

15 Sesame Seed (Black) neutral I sweet
Nourishes Yin I Promotes lactation
Subdues LV I Lowers blood pressure I Relieves dysentery I Resolves pus I
16 Sunflower Seed neutral I sweet
Moisten intestines

Clears heat I Detoxifies I Eases urination I Lubricates LU and intestines I

17 Soy Bean cool I sweet
Provides an excellent protein food

Clears heat / Lubricates dryness / Promotes body fluids / Detoxifies /

18 Tofu (Soy Bean Curd) cool I sweet
Strengthens SP,ST
Tonifies KD I Strengthens back I Astringes LU I Relieves asthma I Lubricates
19 Walnut sl warm I sweet
intestines I Aids erratic or rebellious Qi I Reduces cholesterol
20 Winter Melon Seed cool I bland Promotes diuresis I Resolves mucus I Stops cough I Clears heat I Detoxifies

5. MEAT, FISH, POULTRY & ANIMAL PRODUCTS

Name Nature/Taste Actions

Tonifies Qi and blood I Strengthens SP,ST I Dispels damp I Relieves edema I

1 Beef warm I sweet
Strengthens bones and tendons

2 Chicken warm I sweet Tonifies Qi I Nourishes blood I Aids KD deficiency I Benefits SP,ST

3 Chicken Egg cool I sweet Nourishes Yin I Tonifies blood I Stabilizes hyperactive fetus I Lubricates dryness
Strengthens SP I Tonifies Qi I Removes damp I Regulates blood I Aids diarrhea from SP
weakness I (Ocean Fish would be cooler than Freshwater Fish. Clams/Crabs ~ cool,
4 Fish warm I sw eet
Oysters ~ neutral, and Shrimp ~ warm . The Shel lfi sh can cause rashes and other
allergic reactions)

Tonifies weakness I Dispels cold I Strengthens and nourishes Qi and blood I Promotes
5 lamb hot I sweet
appetite I Aids lactation
6 Milk & Milk Products neutral I sweet Strengthens w ea kness I Nourishes Qi and blood I Lubricates dryness
7 Pork sl cold I sweet Moistens and nourishes organs I Tonifies Qi I Strengthens digestion

6. MISCELLANEOUS FOODS, H E RBS, AND BEVERAGES

Name Nature/Taste Actions

Anise Seed warm I pungent Strengthens ST I Regulates Qi flow I Harmonizes ST I Stops vomiting

Foods I Actions
474 HERBS

Promotes digestion I Relieves food stagnation I Strengthens ST I

2 Barley Malt Syrup neutral I sweet Stops lactation

3 Basil warm I pungent Induces sweating I Harmonizes ST I Antidote for seafood poisoning
Nourishes ST I Calms spirit I Lubricates dryness I Promotes blood
4 Black Fungus (Wood Ears) neutral, (sl toxic) I sweet flow I Removes stagnation

5 Black Pepper hot I pungent Warms digestion I Dispels internal cold I Antidote to food poisoning

6 Brown Sugar (Turbinado Sugar) warm I sweet Strengthens digestion I Lubricates LU I Stops cough I Warms body

Warms digestion I Resolves damp I Invigorates the flow of Qi I

7 Cardamon Seed warm I pungent Stops vomiting

8 Carob Pod warm I sweet Soothes and Calms spirit

9 Cinnamon hot I pungent, sweet Strengthens ST I Warms and coldness in body I Stops pain
Warm the middle I Dispels internal cold I Reverse rebellious Qi I
10 Clove warm I pungent
Warms KD I Stops pain

11 Coffee warm I sweet, bitter Stimulating I Diuretic I Promotes elimination

Unblocks and regulates Qi I Strengthens ST I Dispels cold I Stops
12 Fennel Seed warm I pungent
pain I Stimulates peristalsis
Promotes sweating I Anti-toxin I Antidote for seafood poisoning I
13 Ginger Root (Fresh) warm I pungent
Benefits LU and ST I Expels pathogen
Nourishes Yin I Lubricates dryness I Tonifies weakness I Harmonizes
14 Honey neutral I sweet
IAntidote to drugs I Strengthens SP
15 Molasses warm I sweet Tonifies Qi I Strengthens SP I Lubricates LU I Stops cough
neutral I sweet, sour~ Clears heat I Detoxifies I Promotes body fluids I Quenches thirst I
16 Olive
astringent Clears LU I Benefits throat
Detoxifies I Invigorates blood circulation I Inhibits bacteria 1
17 Rice Vinegar warm I sour
Astringents I Closes pores
Harmonizes and promotes digestion I Strengthens KD (small amounts)
18 Salt cold I salty, sl sweet I Fortifies bones, tendons and teeth I Brightens eyes I Detoxifies 1
Used as a natural preservative
Clears heat I Refreshes mind I Relieves thirst and restlessness I
19 Tea cool I bitter, sweet Resolves phlegm I Diuretic I Promotes digestion I Detoxifies I
Reduces cholesterol
Clears LU heat I Strengthens SP,ST I Promotes body fluids I Tonifies
20 White Fungus (Silver Ears) neutral I sweet Qi I Invigorates blood I Lubricates intestines I Re lieves alcohol
intoxication I Nourishes Yin, especially of the LU
Promotes circulation I Enhances the effect of circulatory herbs I
21 Wine warm I pungent, sweet
Stops pain temporarily

Foods I Actions
 HERBS 475

ENERGETIC PROPERTIES OF FOODS

COLD COOL NEUTRAL WARM HOT

•• •• •• •••
bell pepper
chinese cabbage
mung bean sprout
alfalfa sprout
asparagus
chard
lettuce chinese chive •• garlic
scallion
•• seaweed
snow pea
•• bamboo shoot
beet
•• shitake mushroom
sweet potato
ganoderma
mushroom
•• •• •• •••
wat er chestnut bok choy green bean
taro root
white mushroom broccoli yam kale

•• burdock root
button mushroom ••
leek
mustard green

•• cabbage
carrot ••
onion
parsley

•• cauliflower
celery
parsnip

•••
corn
cucumber
VEGETABLES daikon radish

•••
dandelion greens
eggplant
endive lettuce
•• lotus root
potato
•• pumpkin
romaine lettuce
•• soy bean sprout
spinach

•••
summer squash
turnip
winter melon
•• watercress
winter squash
• zucchini

•• banana
cantaloupe
•• apple
apricot
•• chinese date
loquat
•• cherry
chinese prune
•• grapefruit
mulberry
•• fig
lemon
•• mango
olive
•• coconut
dried papaya

FRUITS
•• pea r
pear-apple
•• orange
peach
• papaya •• grape
hawthorn berry
• watermelon •• persimmon
strawberry
•• litchi (lychee)
pineapple
• tomato •• plum
raspberry
• tangerine

••• •• •••
millet buckwheat oats
pearl barley brown rice sweet rice
GRAINS
•
white rice
wheat
•• corn meal
rice bran
•
wheat bran
wheat germ
• rye

• pumpkin seed •• mung bean

soy bean
•• almond
adzuki bean
•• black bean
brown sesame seed
•• tofu
winter melon seed
•• black sesame seed
filbert
•• chestnut
lentil
SEEDS/BEANS
•••
kidney bean
lotus seed
•• pine nut
walnut
peanut
•• pea
sunflower seed

• pork •• chicken egg

clam
•• fish (ocean)
gelatin
•• beef
chicken
• lamb
ANIMAL
PRODUCTS • crab •• dairy products
oyster
•• fi sh (freshwater)
shrimp
• • turkey
•
••
bamboo shavings
cassia seeds
•
••
american ginseng
cilantro
•• chinese yam
licorice root
•• anise seed
basil
•• black pepper
cin namon bark

••
chinese cucumber
chrysanthemum
••
corn silk
kudzu (pueraria)
•
•
lycii berry
poria mushroom
•• cardamon seed
carob pod
• dry ginger

goldenseal root mint leaf citrus peels

HERBS •
••
honeysuckle f lower
lily bu lb
• pueraria root clove
coriander seed
motherwort leaf dang gui
•• mulberry leaf
oyster shell
fennel seed
fresh ginger
• reed root oriental ginseng
•• sa lt
vitamin C
• tea •• barley malt
rice malt
brown sugar
coffee
MISCELLANEOUS e w hite sugar
•• black fungus
honey
molasses
rice vinegar
• white fungus wine

Foods I Energetic Properties

476 HERBS

FOOD CATEGORY BY ACTIONS

T ONIFYING REGULAT ING

:a
m Basil, Caraway, Cardamom, Carrot, Cayenne, Chive,
C)
c Clove, Coriander, Dill Seed, Garlic, Marjoram,
E
Beef, Cherry, Chicken, Coconut, Date, Eel, Fig, Ginseng,
Goose, Grape, Ham, Herring, Lentil, Licorice, Longan,
5
m
Mustard Leaf, Orange Peel, Radish, Star Anise,
...
0 M ackerel, Microalgae, Molasses, Oats, Octopus, Potato, E
Tangerines Peel, Turmeric C SWEET & ACRID
z Rabbit, . Rice, Royal Jelly, Sweet Potato, Shiitake
n Mushroom, Squash, Sturgeon, Tofu, Yam 3:
~
m
Amasake, Aubergine, Crab, Brown Sugar, Chestnut,
Chili Pepper, Chive, Hawthorn Berry, Onion, Mustard
Ill Leaf, Peach, Scallion, Sturgeon, Vinegar
I"'
0 C SWEET & ACRID
0
c
Ill
I"' Adzuki Bean, Apricot, Beef, Beetroot, Bone Marrow,
0 (")
0 Chicken Egg, Cuttlefish, Dandelion, Dark Leafy Greens, I"' Asparagus, Aubergine, Bamboo shoot, Banana,
c m
...
0
Date, Dandelion, Dang Gui, Fig, Grape, Kidney Bean,
Liver, Longan, Microalgae, Nettle, Oyster, Octopus,
)>
:a
Chicken Egg White, Clam, Elderflower, Grapefruit,
Lemon, Lettuce, Millet, Mung Bean, Mung Bean
z ::z:
n Parsley, Sardine, Spinach, Sweet Rice, Watercress m Sprout, Peppermint, Potato, Salt, Tofu, Watermelon,
~ Wheat C COOL & MOISTEN

~
:a
Anchovy, Basil, Bay, Black Pepper, Cayenne, Cherry,
Chestnut, Chicken, Leek, Coriander Seed, Dill Seed,
-< 3:
)> Basil, Cassia Fruit, Chestnut, Chive Seed, Cinnamon Fennel Seed, Garlic, Ginger, Kohlrabi, Lamb Kidney,
(")
z
C)
Bark, Clove, Dill Seed, Fennel Seed, Garlic, Fenugreek 0 Mussel, Mustard Leaf, Mutton, Nutmeg, Onion,
I"'
...0 Seed, Ginger(dried), Kidney, Lamb, Lobster, Nutmeg, c
z
Peach, Pine Kernel, Walnut, Rosemary, Scallion,
Pistachio, Raspberry, Rosemary, Sage, Savory, Shrimp, m Shrimp, Squash, Sweet Potato, Sweet Rice, Trout,
z (I)
n Star Anise, Thyme, Walnut (I) Turnip, Vinegar, Wine C WARM / SWEET & ACRID

...
~ Adzuki Bean, Alfalfa, Anchovy, Barley, Celery, Corn,
z
en Daikon, Garlic, Green Tea, Horseradish, Jasmine Tea,
'"
0
;
Job's Tears, Kidney Bean, Kohlrabi, Lemon, Mackerel,
Marjoram, Mushroom (button), Mustard Leaf, Onion,
App le, Asparagus, Cheese, Chicken Egg, Clam, Crab,
:::s
z Cuttlefish, Duck, Duck Egg, Honey, Kidney Bean,
g Parsley, Pumpkin, Radish, Rye, Scallion, Turnip,
Umeboshi Plum C BITIER
...
0
Lemon, Malt, Mango, Milk, Oyster, Pea, Pear,
3:
"'I
z Pineapple, Pomegranate, Pork, Rabbit, String Bean,
n Tofu, Tomato, Watermelon, Yam
Adzuki Bean, Alfalfa, Anchovy, Barley, Frog, Black
Soybean, Broad Bean, Celery, Clam, Fenugreek,
c Grape, Job's Tears, Kelp, Lettuce, Mackerel, Sardine,
~ Seaweed C BLAND
"'I

c)> Dairy product (sheep and goat products are less c

iii Almond, Apple Peel, Clam, Daikon, Garlic, Grapefruit,
3: dampening), Pork & rich meat, Roasted Peanuts, (I)
"'I
0 Lemon Peel, Licorice, Olive, Marjoram, Orange Peel,
Concentrated j uices (especially Orange and Tomato),
'"0:a Wheat, Bread, Yea st, Beer Bananas, Sugar and <
m
Mushroom(button), Onion, Mustard Leaf, Peppermint,
Mustard Seed, Pear, Radish, Black and White
! Sweeteners, Saturated fats C CAUTION FOR DAMP "'I
::z: Pepper, Persimmon, Plantain, Tea, Seaweed, Shiitake,
z CONDITION I"'
C) Shrimp Mushroom, Thyme, W alnut, Watercress
m
C)
3:
C BITIER

Foods I TCM Pa tterns

 CHAPTERS

Formulas
J]itfiJ
 CONTENTS

CATEGORIES NAME CHINESE PAGE 32 Sl JUN Zl TANG ~ ~ -T-~ (Af2J.:f®) 526

-
1 MA HUANG TANG ii'JI'~ (Df!f® J 481 33 BU ZHONG VI Ql TANG fili<t>~~~ (.'i!§Q.lJ I ®) 527
- -
2 GUI ZHI TANG tH.V~ (;ljiJ.:I®) 482 34 SHENG MAl SAN ~~!Ill (~9.!10) 528
- ,.....--
3 GE GEN TANG 1!t~i~ (~2® ) 483 35 51 WU TANG ~~~ (Af~®) 529
- ~ TONIFY
RELEASE 36 M!~~
4 SANG JU YIN ~~v: (2J"~§ ) 484 GUI PI TANG ('?ii:JI®) 530
- EXTERIOR r--
5 YIN QIAO SAN iU!llll (g.iJ20 ) 485 37 SHI QUAN DA BU TANG +~:*:filii~ (~~OI.'i!® ) 531
- r--
6 CHAI GE JIE Jl TANG ~:lt M !ILi!i! ( AI~oHJ I ® ) 486 38 LIU WEI Dl HUANG WAN :t<:l<f_il!!i\l':i:L (~O I XI!I!I ) 532
- r--
7 REN SHEN BAI DU SAN A~l!ll:'iU~ ( eJ2tliH~0 ) 487 39 JIN GUI SHEN Ql WAN ~t!Ut~:i:L (i5'fji0JI!I) 533

8 BAI HU TANG ar,t~ (t:!!it>®J 491 40 VUE JU WAN ;!i!UJ;i:L (~~!~) 537
- r--
9 HUANG LIAN JIE DU TANG J\I'~M'iliil ( !f~oH~® l 492 41 BAN XIA HOU PO TANG *I~:f~~ (~Of~~® ) 538
- r--
10 CLEAR HEAT MA XING SHI GAN TANG ne:ott;~ ( Df~~b'®J 493 42 REGULATE Ql SU Zl JIANG Ql TANG iH~~~ (::OJ.:fb'JI ® ) 539
- r--
11 LONG DAN XIE GAN TANG R!Jltigllf;~ ( §~Af2.!®) 494 43 DING CHUAN TANG J:E IIfflj~ (~~®) 540
- r--
12 QING HAO BIE JIA TANG jlf:f;= Ef3 ~ (2J21fl6'®) 495 44 JU PI ZHU RU TANG .t.tS<tHEi~ (~lli ~Oj® ) 541

13 DA CHENG Ql TANG :kif<:~~ (OI;SJ I ®) 498 45 TAO HE CHENG Ql TANG fJttH~~~ (S:.~;SJ I ® ) 545
- r--
14 PURGE XIAO CHENG Ql TANG ,J,n~~~ (::05JI®J 499 46 XUE FU ZHU YU TANG llll/(ifi!~i~ (~-'f-~ Oi ® ) 546
- r-- INVIGORATE
15 TIAO WEI CHENG Ql TANG [lll!!ln~~i!i\ ( ~'f-1 5JI®) 500 47 BLOOD WEN JING TANG iN!*~ ~~ (§~ Et) 547
r--
16 XIAO CHAI HU TANG ,J,~Mi!i! (.:1:AI2®) 503 48 GUI ZHI FU LING WAN t.H.Ri':li~:J:t.. (JII XI ~~!I ) 548
-
17 Sl Nl SAN ~~!Ill (AfQ10) 504 49 YU PING FENG SAN :EJJ'fm.JIJ! (~~~ 0) 551
- HARMONIZE r-- STABILIZE AND
18 XIAO YAO SAN ;)!l;il!ll (::OfW ) 505 50 Sl SHEN WAN ~~$;i:L (Af0!1) 552
- r-- BIND
19 BAN XIA XIE XIN TANG 'I'IJH..'il ( ~of Af~®J 506 51 GU JING WAN l?il*if:I:L (::i:li?'l!l) 553

20 PING WEI SAN lf'!!lllll (l!l'f-10 ) 509 52 SUAN ZAO REN TANG Mlli:t:.il ( 0 ~eJ® ) 556
- r--
21 HUO XIANG ZHENG Ql SAN ii~:JUUIJl ( "'t~~JI0) 510 53 CALM SHEN TIAN WANG BU XIN DAN ::R::Efili•l.'ft (~~.'i!~ 8) 557
- r--
22 BA ZHENG SAN ;\:JE~ (l§/~0 ) 511 54 GAN MAl DA ZAO TANG 1tlll':k~i!i\ (6'9.!101~® ) 558
-
23 WU LING SAN .n ~llll (2~0 ) 512 55 XIAO FENG SAN i'tli.OO.IIJl (.:1:~0) 561
- EXPEL DAMP r--
24 ZHU LING TANG ~~i!i\ (A1~® ) 513 56 EXPEL WIND XIAO HUO LUO DAN ,J ,i!~ft (.:1:~~8) 562
- r--
25 WU PI SAN .nS<IIJl (2TIW J 514 57 TIAN MA GOU TENG YIN ::Rll.ljj;Ji!ifx !~ Df:r>~§ J 563
-
26 ZHEN WU TANG !Uti!<! (~fP® ) 515 58 ER CHEN TANG =Ill~ (0 1 ~®) 566
- r--
27 DU HUO Jl SHENG TANG ~i!'l:I'~JJ; (~ ~JI~® ) 516 59 WEN DAN TANG iK!.Ilt~ (g~E)) 567
r--
28 Ll ZHONG WAN !l<t>:i:L (01§!1) 520 60 DISSOLVE BEl MU GUA LOU SAN Jl.~JI\jfi!Jl (l!H2lli1' 0) 568
- r-- PHLEGM
61 'TI
29 WARM WU ZHU YU TANG ~?.iU~il !2*!fi-EI) 521 ZHI SOU SAN ll:.I!J!:J!Jl (X1* 0 J 569
- r-- 0
30 INTERIOR COLD DA JIAN ZHONG TANG j;:}tq>~ (012:1§® ) 522 62 BAN XIA BAI ZHU TIAN MAT. *:t:aJtt::RIIl~ ( ~ of t:!!i~~Df®J 570
::a
- 31:
31 Sl Nl TANG ~~~ (AfQ1®) 523 63 DIGESTIVE BAO HE WAN i¥'1'0 :J:t.. !-"-'21!1) 573
c:
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en

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~ RELEASE EXTERIOR M~Jiil !~HEXill ~ KING HERBS
Ill
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ID 1
CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY FORMULAS

M a Huang Ta ng 1
FORMULA

Ma Huang Tang
KING HERBS

Ma Huang
0
31:
c
..c;· 1--
2
1--
Disperse Wind-Cold Gui Zhi Tang 2 Gui Zhi Tang Gui Zhi ~
(II

3 Ge Gen Tang 3 Ge Gen Tang Ge Gen

1---
RELEASE
4 Sang Ju Yin 4 Sang Ju Yin Sang Ye, Ju Hua
1--- EXTERIOR
5 Disperse Wind-Heat Yin Qiao San 5 Yin Qiao San Jin Yin Hua, Lian Qiao
1---
6 Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang 6 Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang Chai Hu, Ge Gen
1---
7 Release Exterior & Tonify deficiency Ren Shen Bai Du San 7 Ren Shen Bai Du San Qiang Huo, Du Huo
 1. MA HUANG TANG (Ephedra Decoction) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Ma Huang acrid, sl bitter warm LU UB 9g Ma Huang king Strong diaphoretic, dissem inates LU qi and treats w heezing
Gui Zhi acrid, sweet warm HT LU UB 6g Gui Zhi deputy Diaphoretic, warms and facilitates the flow in t he channels
Xing Ren bitter sl warm, sl toxic LU Ll 9-12g Xing Ren assistant Unblocks the f low of LU qi and helps the chief herb
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 3g Zhi Gan Cao envoy Harmonizes and moderates t he actions of t he other herbs

Actions ... Modifications

• Release exterior Wind-Cold by drastic diaphoretic 1. exterior cold with interior heat: + Shi Gao
• Arrest w heezing by faci litating t he flow of LU Qi 2. concurrent yang deficiency: + Huang Qi
3. sore throat: ,J...Gui Zhi (Y,), + Tian Hua Fen, She Gan
-
Indications· Exterior Wind Cold of excess type 4. cough/ w heezing, white sputum, tight chest: + Su Zi, Chen Pi
5. childhood psoriasis: + Si Wu Tang
Signs & chills & fever (chills 12redominant) wit hout sweating, headache, generalized
Symptoms bod~ aches, wheezing, dyspnea, runny nose with clear discharge
... Associated Formulas
Tongue normal + t hin, white coating • Ma Huang Jia Zhu Tang
Pulse floating, tense • Da Qing Long Tang
• San Ao Tang
• Hua Gai San
Cautions & Contraindications • Ma Xing Yi Gan Tang
• Contra: Debility & copious urination
• Contra: Patient who are 12rone to bleeding (es12eciall~ from nose) ... Identificat ion of Patterns
• Caution: hypertension (because of the adrenergic effects of Hb. Ephedrae)
Eight Principles Exterior I Cold I Excess I Yang
Shang Han Lun Tai Yang Sha ng Han (wind-COLD)
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• upper respiratory tract infection, influenza, acute bronchitis, bronchial asthma, lobar Wen Bing Lun not applicable
pneumonia, and acute glomerulonephritis Zang Fu Invasion of LU by Wind-Cold
Five Elements not applicable

... Comparison
• Ma Huang Tang vs. Gu i Zh i Tang c 488
• Ma Huang Tang vs. Ge Ge n Tang c 488
• Ma Huang Tang vs. Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang c 496
ANALYSIS

DUI-YAO ACTIONS ... CASE: Travis, 17-year-old male; One cold day, after coming back from school, he had a
Ma Huang + Gui Zhi Promote sweating headache, body ache, and a stiff neck. He covered himself with blanket, but he is still cold. His
Ma Huang + Xing Ren Stop Cough and wheezing body temperature is 103°F . He has no sweating, little nausea, and difficu lt y breath ing. His
tongue coating is thin and white. His pulse is f loating an d t ense.

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2. GUI ZHI TANG (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) 4 Hierarchy and Functions
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!_ngredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions 0
m
r Gui Zhi
Bai Shao
acrid, sweet
bitter, sour
warm
cool
HT LU UB
LV SP
9g
9g
Gui Zhi
Bai Shao
king
deputy
Releases externally-contracted wind-cold from the muscle layer
Benefits the yin and contains the weak nutritive qi
;c
:::!. Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST Helps the chief herb, also treating the nausea and vomiting
9g Sheng Jiang
0
~
Da Zao sweet neutral SP ST 12 pieces Da Zao
assistant
Helps deputy nourish and harmonize the nutritive qi and blood E
!:::s Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 6g Zhi Gan Cao envoy Tonify M.J. and harmonize the actions of the others

a. Formula taking Hot rice soup should be taken immediately after intake of the decoction
n
0 Actions
4
1.
Modifications
marked nasal congestion with sneezing: + Fang Feng, Xin Yi Hua
a: • Release pathogenic influences from the muscle layer 2. SOB and rough breathing: + Hou Po, Xing Ren
• Regulate Ying (nutritive) and Wei (protective) Qi 3. swollen, heavy sensation in the head: + Ju Hua, Chan Tui
4. profuse sweating: 1'Bai Shao, .J...Gui Zhi(Y,), Sheng Jiang(Y,), Zhi Gan Cao(Y,), + Huang Qi,
Indications· Exterior Wind-Cold of deflclcmcy twe Fang Feng
5. severe headache: Bai Shao-7Chi Shao, + Gao Ben
fever and chills unrelieved by: sweating, aversion to wind, no 12articular thirst,
6. severe vomiting: 1'Bai Shao, Sheng Jiang, + Chen Pi, Hou Po
Signs & stiff neck, headache, nasal congestion, sneezing, dry heaves, nausea/vomiting ;
7. joint pain with fatigue (symptoms of damp): + Qiang Huo, Fang Feng
Symptoms May also be used for a similar presentation in patients recovering from serious
illness or after childbirth
4 Associated Formulas
Tongue normal + thin, white, moist coating
• Gui Zhi Jia Shao Yao Tang
Pulse floating, moderate or floating, weak • Gui Zhi Gu Shao Yao Tang
• Gui Zhi Jia Hou Po Xing Zi Tang
• Gui Zhi Fu Zi Tang
Cautions & Contraindications
• Gui Zhi Jia Ge Gen Tang
• Contra: exterior cold + interior heat, characterized by fever and thirst or sore throat with
• Gui Zhi Ma Huang Ge Ban Tang
rapid pulse
• Gui Zhi Er Vue Bi Yi Tang
• Caution: summer or hot weather. If prescribed with heat, nosebleed may result.
• Side Effect: If incorrectly prescribed, or if the dosage is too strong, profuse sweating, high • Wu Tau Gui Zhi Tang

fever, severe thirst, palpitations and irritability may result. In such cases, Bai Hu Jia Ren
4 Identification of Patterns
Shen Tang (White Tiger plus ginseng decoction) should be 12rescribed to co12e with the
side-effects. Eight Principles Exterior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin
Shang Han Lun Tai Yang Zhong Feng (WIND-cold)
Biomedically-defined disorders: Wen Bing Lun not applicable
• upper respiratory tract infection, influenza, j20Stj2artum fever, allergic rhinitis, angioedema, Zang Fu Invasion of LU & ST by Wind-Cold
cerebrovascular spasm, eczema, and urticaria Five Elements not applicable

4 Comparison
• Gui Zhi Tang vs. Ma Huang Tang c 488

• Gui Zhi Tang vs. Ge Gen Tang c 488

ANALYSIS
• Gui Zhi Tang vs. Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang c 488
WEI YING HARMONIZE • Gui Zhi Tang vs. Yu Ping Feng San c 554
Gui Zhi Bai Shao
Gan Cao 4 CASE: Emma, 30-year-old female; After exerc1s1ng, she sweats a lot, so she turned on the air
Sheng Jiang Da Zao
conditioner to the max. One hour later, she had a headache, stiff neck, and aversion to cold, so
she turned off the air conditioner. Her body temperature is 101°F. She has sweating, but no
thirst, some nasal blockage, and nausea. Her tongue coating is thin and white. Her pulse is
floating and moderate.
 3. GE GEN TANG (Kudzu Decoction) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Ge Gen acrid, sweet cool SP ST 12g Ge Gen king Releases the upper back by drawing fluids to the affected area
Ma Huang acrid, sl bitter warm LU UB 9g Ma Huang Induces sweating, most powerful herb for releasing exterior
deputy
Gui Zhi acrid, sweet warm HT LU UB 6g Gui Zhi Helps the chief herb release the exterior and the muscle layer
Bai Shao bitter, sour cool LV SP 6g Bai Shao Preserves the yin by preventing the exterior-releasing herbs
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 9g Sheng Jiang assistant Regulates the protective and nutritive qi and harmonize the ST
Da Zao sweet neutral SP ST 12 pieces Da Zao Regulates the protective and nutritive qi and harmonize the ST
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 6g Zhi Gan Cao envoy Harmonizes, In concert with Bai Shao, it relieves muscle spasms

Actions ... Modifications

• Release the exterior Wind-Cold in the muscle layer 1. severe nasal blockage: + Chuan Xiong, Huang Qin, Xin Yi Hua, Jie Geng
• Generate fluids to relax the muscle and tendons 2. urticaria: + Chan Tui
3. severe facial pain: + Du Huo, Tao He Cheng Qi Tang
Indications
(1)· Exterior Wind -Cold of excess tvPe with fluid deficiency on neck ... Associated Formulas
• Ge Gen Jia Ban Xia Tang
Signs & chills & fever wLo sweating, stiff and rigid neck and U(:>(:>er back, muscle aches,
Symptoms aversion to wind
... Identification of Patterns
Tongue normal + thin, white coating
Eight Principles Exterior I Cold I Excess I Yang
Pulse floating, tense Shang Han Lun Tai Yang Shang Han (wind-COLD)
Wen Bing lun not applicable
(2)· Simultaneous Tai Yam! + Yam! Min2 syndrome Zang Fu Invasion of LU by Wind-Cold
Five Elements not applicable
Signs & diarrhea, fever wLo sweating, aversion to wind and cold, muscle aches, body
Symptoms aches
... Comparison
Tongue slightly red + thin, white coating
• Ge Gen Tang vs. Ma Huang Tang c 488
Pulse floating • Ge Gen Tang vs. Gui Zhi Tang c 488

... CASE: Thomas, 16 year-old male; He presents with stiffness in the neck and upper back,
Cautions & Contraindications
general body aches accompanied by chills for the last two days. His temperature the day before
• none noted in Bensky
was lOO.l ' F at which time his mother gave him Tylenol. He woke this morning with the same
• Caution: hypertension
symptoms as well as diarrhea, headache in both the frontal and orbital regions and is
experiencing irritability. During physical exam there is no inflammation of lymph nodes, however
Biomedically-defined disorders:
his temperature is now 100.7' F and though he is not perspiring, his face is markedly red. His
• upper respiratory tract infection, influenza, stomach flu, acute cervical myositis, tendonitis or
pulse is floating and tense.
bursitis of the shoulder, urticaria, allergic rhinitis, and early-stage polio or encephalitis

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4. SANG JU YIN (Mulberry leaf & Chrysanthemum Decoction)
Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage
... Hierarchy and Functions

Hierarchy Functions
.,
m
Ingredient 0
::a
...
)C
ID
Sang Ye
Ju Hua
sweet, bitter
sweet, bitter
cold
sl cold
LU LV
LU LV
7.5g
3g
Sang Ye
Ju Hua
king
Clears heat from the LU and stops the coughing
Disperses upper burner w ind-heat, including the eyes
I:
c
..
:::!.
0 Lian Qiao
Bo He
bitter, sl acrid
acrid
cool
cool, aromatic
HT LV GB
LU LV
4.Sg
2.4g
Lian Qiao
Bo He
deputy 1
Strengt hens the form ula's exterior-releasing properties
Strengthens the form ula's exterior-releasing properties
~
Ul

;·~
Jie Geng bitter, acrid neutral LU 6g Jie Geng Asce nding action, assists the chief herbs by faci litating LU qi
deputy 2
Xing Ren bitter sl warm, sl toxic LU Ll 6g Xing Ren Descending action, assists the chief herbs by facilitating LU qi
a. Lu Gen sweet cold LU ST 6g Lu Gen assistant Clea rs heat and generates f luids, thereby reducing th irst
:i:
ID Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST 2.4g Gan Cao envoy Helps clear heat and harmonizes the actions of the other herbs
...
Ill

Actions ... Modifications

• Release exterior Wind-Heat 1. Qi-level dryness: + Shi Gao, Zhi Mu
• Stop coughing by facilitating the flow of LU Qi 2. nutritive-level heat with dark-red tongue: + Xuan Shen, Xi Jiao (source text)
3. heat entering the blood: - Lu Gen, Bo He, + Mai Men Dong, Sheng Di Huang, Yu Zhu, Mu
-
Indications· External Wind Heat causin~ cou~h Dan Pi (source text)
4. severe LU heat: + Huang Qin (source text)
Signs &
cough, slight fever, slight thirst, slight sore throat; possi ble red painful eyes 5. pronounced thirst: + Tian Hua Fen (source text)
Symptoms
6. viscous, yellow sputum that is difficult to expectorants: + Gua Lou Pi, Zhe Bei Mu
Tongue normal/red + thin, white coating
7. labored breathing or slight wheezing: + Shi Gao, Zhi Mu
Pulse floating, ra[1id 8. blood-streaked sputum: + Dan Pi, Bai Mao Gen, Ou Ji
9. sore throat: + Ma Bo, Niu Bang Zi
10. wind-heat affecting the eyes: + Bai Ji Li, Jue Ming Zi, Xia Ku Cao
Cautions & Contraindications
• none noted in Bensky
... Identification of Patterns
• Contra: Coughing due to external Wind-Cold
Eight Principles Exterior I Heat I Excess I Yang
Biomedically-defined disorders: Shang Han Lun not applicable
• upper respiratory tract infection, influenza, early-stage acute bronchitis, acute tonsillitis, and Wen Bing Lun Wei level
acute conjunctivitis Zang Fu Invasion of LU by Wind-Heat
Five Elements not applicable

... Comparison
• Sang Ju Yin vs. Yin Qiao San c 489
• Sang Ju Yin vs. Zhi Sou San c 571

ANALYSIS
... CASE: Abigail, 18-year-old female; She went to picnic one day, She went to rest under the
FORMULA COMMON DIFFERENCE tree because the weather was hot. When she came back home, she had a fever, slight thirst,
SANG JU Y. Sang Ye, Ju Hua, Xing Ren and cough. Tip of her tongue was red and the tongue coating is thin and white. Pulse is
Lian Qiao, Bo He, Lu
Gen, Jie Geng, Gan Cao floating and rapid.
YIN QIAO S. Jin Yin Hua, Niu Bang Zi, Dou Chi, Jing Jie, Zhu Ye
 5. YIN QIAO SAN (Honeysuckle & Forsythia Powder) • Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Jin Yin Hua sweet cold LU Ll ST 30g (9-15g) Jin Yin Hua Re leases heat from the exterior, clear heat, and relieve toxicity
king
Lian Qiao bitter, sl acrid cool HT LV GB 30g (9-15g) Lian Qiao Releases heat from the exterior, clear heat, and relieve toxicity
Jie Geng bitter, acrid neutral LU 18g (3-6g) Jie Geng Spreads the LU qi and im prove the functioning of t he throat
deputy 1
Niu Bang Zi acrid, bitter cold LU ST 18g (9-12g) Niu Bang Zi Spreads the LU qi and improve the functioning of t he throat
Bo He acrid cool, aromatic LU LV 18g (3-6g) Bo He Helps t he chief herbs release exterior heat
deputy 2
Dan Dou Chi sweet, sl bitter cold or wa rm LU ST 15g (3-6g) Dan Dou Chi Helps the chief herbs release exterior heat
Jing Jie acrid sl warm, aromatic LU LV 12g (6-9g) Jing Jie Boosts the exterior-releasing action w ithout producing dryness
Dan Zhu Ye sweet, bland cold HT 51 ST 12g (3-6g) Dan Zhu Ye Generates fluids and alleviates thirst
assistant
Xian Lu Gen sweet cold LU ST 15-30g Xian Lu Gen Generates fluids and alleviates thirst
Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST 15g (3-6g) Gan Cao Generates fluids, treat sore throat with Jie Geng

Actions • Modifications
• Disperse Wind-Heat 1. stifling sensation in the chest : + Huo Xiang (source text)
• Clear heat, and relieve toxicity 2. severe t hirst: + Tian Hua Fen (sou rce text)
3. severe sore throat: + Ma Bo, Xuan Shen (source text)
Indications· External Wind-Heat with Heat-Toxin 4. pronounced coughing: + Xing Ren (source text)
5. heat entering the interior with scanty urine: + Sheng Di Huang, Mai Men Dong, Huang Qin,
Signs &
fever, slight or no chills, thirst, sore throat, cough, headache ; boils, sores Zhi Mu, Zhi Zi (source text)
Symptoms
6. nosebleed: - Jing Jie, Dan Dou Chi, + Bai Mao Gen, Zhi Zi (source text)
Tongue normal/red tip + thin, white or thin, }fellow coating 7. damp causing t ight/stifling sensation in t he chest/epigastrium: + Huo Xiang, Yu Jin
Pulse floating, rapid 8. early-stage measles wit h incomplet e expression or rash : + Chan Tui, Fu Ping
9. early-stage carbuncle: + Pu Gong Ying, Da Qi ng Ye
10. yellow tongue coating and diarrhea: + Ge Gen Huang Lian Huang Qin Tang
Cautions & Contraindications
11. acute endomet ritis: - Gan Cao, Dan Zhu Ye, + Zh i Zi, Fang Feng, Sheng Di Huang
• Caution: It will be ineffective with Damp-Heat pattern

• Associated Formulas
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• Yin Qiao San
• upper respiratory tract infection, influenza, acute bronchitis, measles, epidem ic parotitis,
acute endometritis, and early-stage encepha litis or meningitis
• Identification of Patterns

Eight Principles Exterior I Heat I Excess I Yang

Shang Han Lun not applicable
Wen Bing Lun Wei level
Zang Fu Invasion of LU by Wind-Heat
Five Elements not appl icable

::a • Comparison
ID
iD • Yin Qiao San vs. Sang Ju Yin c 489
Ill
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ID • CASE: Charley, 7-year-old boy; Charley was diagnosed with mumps by his pediatrician 3 days

..
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prior. Currently he presents w ith a sore throat and slight thirst, his face is stil l swollen beneath
the ears, with some local heat and tenderness. His tongue is red, yellow coat, and his pulse is
floating and rapid.
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6. CHAI GE JIE Jl TANG (Bupleurum & Kudzu Decoction to Release the muscle layer) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Chai Hu acrid, bitter cool LV GB PC SJ 3-9g Chai Hu Releases the pathogens from the muscle layer, clears heat
king
Ge Gen acrid, sweet cool SP ST 6-12g Ge Gen Releases the pathogens from the muscle layer, clears heat
Qiang Huo acrid, bitter warm, aromatic UB KD 3-6g Qiang Huo Helps the chief herbs release the exterior and alleviate pain
deputy 1
Bai Zhi acrid warm LU ST 3-6g Bai Zhi Helps the chief herbs release the exterior and alleviate pain
Huang Qin bitter cold LU Ll GB ST 6-9g Huang Qin Clears interior heat from the Ll and upper burner
deputy 2
Shi Gao sweet, acrid very cold LU ST 4.5-lSg Shi Gao Clears interior heat from the yang brightness channel
Jie Geng bitter, acrid neutral LU 3-6g Jie Geng Facilitates the flow of LU qi and helps scatter the pathogens
assistant
Bai Shao bitter, sour cool LV SP 6-9g Bai Shao Preserves the yin by preventing from excessive sweating
Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST 3-6g Gan Cao envoy 1 Harmonizes the actions of other herbs, clear heat from throat
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 3-6g Sheng Jiang Regulates the protective nutritive qi to release the pathogens
envoy 2
Da Zao sweet neutral SP ST 2-3 pieces Da Zao Regulates the protective nutritive qi to release the pathogens

Actions ... Modifications

• Release pathogens from the muscle layer 1. severe chills without sweating: - Huang Qin, + Ma Huang (Winter: il' , Spring: .U, , Summer/Fall:
• Clear interior heat, relieve pain Ma Huang ~ Zi Su Ye) (source text)
2. without chills or headache: - Qiang Huo, Bai Zhi
-
Indications· Exterior Wind Cold transferring Tai Yang 7 Yang Ming 3. dry mouth and tongue: + Zhi Mu, Tian Hua Fen
4. coughing of viscous sputum: + Gua Lou Pi, Zhe Bei Mu
exterior W-C presentation characterized by decreasing chills and increasing
Signs &
fever, accompanied by headache, stiffness of the extremities, orbital/eye pain,
Symptoms ... Associated Formulas
dry nose, i rrita bi lity, insomnia
• Vi Wu Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang
Tongue Tongue : red/normal + thin, yellow coating
Pulse floating, slightly surging pulse ... Identification of Patterns

Eight Principles Exterior + Interior I Cold + Heat I Excess I Yang

Cautions & Contraindications Shang Han Lun Tai Yang and Yang Ming
• Contra: This formula is inappropriate for simple exterior Wind-Heat disorders Wen Bing Lun Wei level
Zang Fu not applicable
Biomedically-defined disorders: Five Elements not applicable
• influenza and toothache
... Comparison
• Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang vs. Gui Zhi Tang c 488

... CASE: Theresa, 39-year-old female; Her chief complaint is fever for four days. She states that
initially she began getting headaches, some chills, a slight fever, body aches, a runny nose and
coughing with whitish phlegm. She then took two aspirin, which didn't affect her symptoms. She
states that her temperature is higher now. She sti ll has some aversion to cold, body aches, slight
thirst, headaches and pain around her eye. Her tongue is red, yellow coat, and her pulse is
floating and slightly surging.
 7. REN SHEN BAI DU SAN (Ginseng Powder to overcome Pathogenic Influences) 4t Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Qiang Huo acrid, bitter warm, aromatic UB KD 30g Qiang Huo Dispels wind-cold, dispel dampness, and alleviate pa in
king
Du Huo bitter, acrid warm KD UB 30g Ou Huo Dispels wind-cold, dispel dampness, and alleviate pa in
Chuan Xiong acrid warm LV GB PC 30g Chuan Xiong deputy 1 Dispels wind, moves the blood, enhances pain-relieving action
Chai Hu acrid, bitter cool LV GB PC SJ 30g Chai Hu Release the exterior, reduces fever, and expel the pathogens
deputy 2
Bo He acrid cool, aromatic LU LV 6g Bo He Release the exterior, reduces fever, and expel t he pathogen s
Jie Geng bitter, acrid neutral LU 30g Jie Geng Ascending action, circulate LU Qi, and expel phlegm
Zhi Ke bitter cool SP ST 30g Zhi Ke Descending action, circulate LU Qi, and relieves the chest
assistant 1
Qian Hu bitter, acrid sl cold LU 30g Qian Hu Improves circulation of LU Qi, expels phlegm, and stops cough
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 6g Sheng Jiang Transforms phlegm and release the exterior
Ren Shen sweet, sl bitter sl warm LU SP 30g Ren Shen Strengthens the normal qi and generates flu ids
assistant 2
Fu Ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 30g Fu Ling Transforms phlegm and strengthens SP
Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST 15g Gan Cao envoy Assists Ren Shen in tonifying the qi and harmonizes

Actions 4t Modifications
• Release exterior, dispels Wind-Cold-Damp, 1. malarial disorders: 1'Chai Hu, + Huang Qin, Bing Lang
• Augments the Qi to expel the evils from the body
4t Associated Formulas
Indications· Exterior Wind-Cold -Damp with Qi deficiency • Yin Qiao Bai Du San
• Jing Fang Bai Du San
high fever and severe chi lls with shivering, absence of sweating, j:1ain and
• Shen Su Yin
Signs & stiffness of the head and neck, soreness and j:1ain of the extremities, nasal
Symptoms congestion with sonorous breathing, Qroductive cough, focal distention and 4t Identification of Patterns
fullness of the chest
Eight Principles Exterior I Cold I Excess+Deficiency I Ya ng
Tongue normal + greasy, white coating
Shang Han lun Tai Yang
Pulse floating, soft, QOSSibly weak Wen Bing lun not applicable
Zang Fu not applicable
Cautions & Contraindications Five Elements not applicable
• Contra: Heat condition (because of the warm, drying properties)
4t Comparison
Biomedically-defined disorders: • Ren Shen Bai Du San vs. Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San c 517
• upper respiratory tract infection, influenza, early-stage dysentery, early-stage measles, and
::a
CD surgical infections 4t CASE: Joseph, 69-year-old male; He has been suffering from chills and fever for three days.
i He presents with a heavy-feeling headache, itchy throat w it h slight coughing and muscle aches in
Ill
Ill his upper back, a runny nose w ith clear discharge, and a tight sensation in his chest. During
CD
m your exam you find Joseph's tem perature to be 100.0°F . On pa lpation you do not feel

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perspiration. His tongue color is normal pink with greasy white coating, and his pulse is floating
CD and weak .

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>C Q) MA HUANG TANG & GUI ZHI TANG @ GE GEN TANG & MA HUANG TANG
::!. MA HUANG TANG GUI ZHI TANG GE GEN TANG MA HUANG TANG
0
•Ma Huang •Gui Zhi •Ge Gen • M a Huang
"" • Gui Zhi • Bai Shao • Ma Huang • Gui Zhi
n Ingredients • Xing Ren • Sheng Jiang • Gui Zhi • Xing Ren
0 • Zhi Gan Cao
,
3
Dl • Ma Huang + Gui Zhi
• Da Zao
• Zhi Gan Cao
Ingredients •Bai Shao
• Sheng Jiang
•Da Zao
• Zhi Gan Cao

Dui-Yao • Gui Zhi + Bai Shao

""
iii' • Ma Huang + Xing Ren • Sheng Jiang + Da Zao
Common
• Zh i Gan Cao
0 Ma Huang, Gui Zhi, Zhi Gan Cao
:II External Wind-Cold herbs
Indications
Excess type of external Wind-Cold
Excess type (wind-COLD) Deficiency type (WIND-cold)
Indications
chills & fever, cough, headache, runny nose, Taiyang + Yangm ing syndrome Stagnation of LU Qi
Symptoms
(f) thin w hite coating, ® floating
no sweating, tense pulse
chills & fever, headache, general aches, shivering, no sweating, ® f loating, tense
sweating, moderate pulse Symptoms
neck and back muscle aches, diarrhea wheezing and dyspnea

(2) GUI ZHI TANG & CHAI GE JIE Jl TANG @ GE GEN TANG & GUI ZHI TANG
GUI ZHI TANG CHAI GE JIE Jl TANG GE GEN TANG GUI ZHI TANG
•Gui Zhi •Chai Hu •Ge Gen • Gui Zhi
• Bai Shao •Ge Gen • Ma Huang • Bai Shao
• Sheng Jiang • Qiang Huo • Gui Zhi • Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao • Bai Zhi Ingredients • Bai Shao • Da Zao
• Zhi Gan Cao • Huang Qin • Sheng Jiang • Zhi Gan Cao
Ingredients • Shi Gao • Da Zao
• Jie Geng • Zhi Gan Cao
• Bai Shao Common
• Gan Cao herbs
Gui Zhi Ta ng
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao Dui-Yao Ge Gen + Ma Huang Gui Zhi + Bai Shao
Expel pathogens from muscle layer
External Wind-Cold
Functions
Harmonize Ying and Wei Clea r internal Heat Indications
(pu ngent-warm) (pungent -cool) Excess type Deficiency type

External Wind-Cold chills and fever, headache, sneezing, aversion to wind, ® f loating
Indications Symptoms
W-C deficiency type External W-C -+ Yangming stage no sweating sweating
 (5) SANG JU YIN & YIN QIAO SAN
SANG JU YIN YIN QIAO SAN
• Sang Ye • Jin Yin Hua
•J u Hua •Li an Qiao
• Lian Qiao • Jie Geng
• Bo He • Niu Bang Zi
• Jie Geng • Bo He
Ingredients
• Xing Ren • Dan Dou Chi
• Lu Gen • Jing Jie
• Gan Cao • Dan Zhu Ye
• Xian Lu Gen
•Gan Cao
• Jin Yin Hua + Lian Qiao
Dui-Yao • Sang Ye + Ju Hua
• Jie Geng + Gan Cao
Common
Lian Qiao, Bo He, Lu Gen, Jie Geng, Gan Cao
herbs

Disperse W ind-Heat
Functions
Stop coughing by facilitating LU Qi Clear Heat, and relieve toxicity

fever and chills, thirst , headache, sore throat,

Symptoms
CD thin yellow coating, ® floating, rapid
coughing, red eyes boils, sores

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CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY

Clear Qi level Heat

FORMULAS

Bai Hu Tang 8
FORMULA

Bai Hu Tang
KING HERBS

Shi Gao
0
"'c3:
f--
9 Clear Toxic Heat Huang Lian Jie Du Tang 9 Huang Lian Jie Du Tang Hua ng Lian ~
en
f--
10 CLEAR HEAT Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang 10 Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Ma Huang, Shi Gao
I-- Clear Heat from Organs
11 Long Dan Xie Gan Tang 11 Long Dan Xie Gan Tang Long Dan Cao
I--
12 Clear Deficient Heat Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang 12 Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang Qing Hao, Bie Jia
 8. BAI HU TANG (White Tiger Decoction) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Shi Gao sweet, acrid very cold LU ST 30g Shi Gao king Extremely cold properties clear heat and drain fire
Zhi Mu bitter cold LU ST KD 9g Zhi Mu deputy Assist Shi Gao in clearing heat, moistens, and enriches the yin
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 3g Zhi Gan Cao assistant Be nefits the ST and protect t he fluids
Geng Mi sweet neutral SP ST 9-lSg Geng Mi envoy Nonglutinous rice, benefits the ST and protect the flui ds

Actions ... Modifications

• Clear Qi-level heat, drain ST fire 1. concurrent ST Qi deficiency: Nonglutinous rice-7Shan Yao
• Generates fluids, and alleviates thirst 2. concurrent exterior W-C: + Cong Bai, Dan Dou Chi, Xi Xin
3. red, swollen eyes and excruciating headache: + Huang Lian, Huang Qin
Indications· FOUR BIG symptoms due to Excess Heat in Qi level I Yam! Ming channel 4. pain or swelling of the gums, HA, nose bleed, dry mouth, thirst, and constipation due t o LU
heat and ST fire: + Da Huang
high fever and aversion to heat without aversion to cold, severe thirst with
Signs & 5. wasting and thirsting disorder, or heat that severely injures the fluids resulting in thirst,
desire to cold drink, (:!refuse sweat ing, red face, and irritabilit~, incoherent
Symptoms irritability, and insatiable hunger: + Tian Hua Fe n, Lu Gen, Mai Men Dong
speech, headache, toothache, or bleeding of the gums and nose
6. subcutaneous blotches (petechiae), irritability and restlessness, disorientation, and insomnia
Tongue red + dry, ~ellow coating associated with febrile disease & heat toxin: + Huang Lian Jie Du Tang
Pulse surging, forceful or rolling, ra(:!id
... Associated Formulas
• Bai Hu Jia Ren Shen Tang
Cautions & Contraindications • Bai Hu Gui Zhi Tang
• Contra: fever due to SP and ST Qi deficiency characterized by fever, spontaneous sweating, • Bai Hu Jia Cang Zhu Tang
extreme fatigue, aversion to wind, & deficient, floating pulse • Ling Xi Bai Hu Tang
• Contra: true cold syndrome with false heat characterized by fever with a desire for warmth, • Bai Hu Cheng Qi Tang
thirst with no desire to drink, agitated movement of the limbs in an otherwise subd ued • Chai Hu Bai Hu Tang
patient, and a surging but weak pulse. • Zhen Ni Bai Hu Tang
• Caution: it should be immediately stopped if signs of headache, stiffness of the neck,
icy-cold limbs, subjective cold sensation, or impairment of mental faculties occur. ... Identification of Patterns

Biomedically-defined disorders:
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang

• encephalitis, menignitis, and lobar pneumonia, as well as heart stroke, diabetes mellitus, and Shang Han Lun Yang Ming

periodontitis Wen Bing Lun Qi level

Zang Fu not applicable
Five Elements not applicable

... Comparison
• Bai Hu Ta ng vs. Ma Xing Sh i Gan Tang c 496

... CASE: Matthew, 38-year-old male; He had a common cold for three days. Today he has
irritability and he is drinking cold water but still has fever, and a headache. He complains that
n his headache is worse with loud voice. His body temperature is 104.F. He has a lot of sweating
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and a red face. Tongue coating is yellow and dry. Pu lse is surging and forcefu l.

ID
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ID
Ill Actions: Drain fire and relieve toxicity
1. constipation: + Da Huang
2. jaundice due to obstruction form heat: + Yin Chen, Da Huang
3. dysenteric disorders with blood and mucus in the stool and tenesmus: + Mu Xiang, Bing
high fever, irritabilit'{, a dr't mouth and throat, incoherent Sl:!eech, insomnia,
Lang, Qin Pi
Signs & dark urine. Also for nosebleed or vomiting of blood due to heat excess
4. Damp-Heat in the lower burner with urinary frequency, urgency, and discomfort: + Mu Tong,
Symptoms (Blood-Heat); carbuncles, deel:!·rooted boils, and other toxic swellings
Ze Xie, Che Qian Zi
(Toxic-Heat); and d'{senteric disorders or jaundice (Damp-Heat)
5. nosebleed, vomiting of blood, or erythema and purpura: + Sheng Di Huang, Dan Pi, Xuan
Tongue red + 'tellow coating Shen, or + Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang
Pulse ra!:!id, forceful 6. for purulent lesions such as deep-rooted boils: + Wu Wei Xiao Du Yin

Cautions & Contraindications

• Niu Huang Shang Qing Wan
• Contra: only for robust constitution (because it is very bitter and cold)
• Contra: long-term usage (because it can easily injure the Yin)
• Caution: heat in the Nutritive or Blood level (because it may easily injure the Yin)
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang
Biomedically-defined disorders: Shang Han Lun not applicable
• septicemia, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, toxic bacillary dysentery, encephalitis, and Wen Bing Lun Qi level
purulent skin lesions Zang Fu Toxic-heat in San Jiao
Five Elements not applicable

Comparison

CASE: Jacob, 46-year-old male; Jacob came to the clinic and complaint of irritability, insomnia,
thirst, dry mouth, and sometimes bleeding. His body temperature is 104'F. He also has delirious
speech and dark red urine. He has red tongue and the tongue coating is red. Pulse is rapid and
forceful.
10. MA XING SHI GAN TANG {Ephedra, Apricot Kernel, Gypsum & Licorice Decoction) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Ma Huang acrid, sl bitter wa rm LU UB 12g Ma Huang Controls w heezing, disperse constrained fire, and balances Sh i Gao
king
Shi Gao sweet, acrid very cold LU ST 48g Shi Gao Drains heat from LU and controls diaphoretic action of Ma Huang
Xing Ren bitter sl warm, sl toxic LU 51 18g Xing Ren deputy With Ma Huang, powerfu l combination for stopping wheezing
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 6g Zhi Gan Cao envoy Moistens LU, stops cough ing, and harmonizes t he other herbs

Actions ... Modifications

• Facilitates t he flow of LU Qi, clear heat 1. severe heat: + Jin Yin Hua, lian Qiao, Huang Qin, Yu Xing Cao
• Calm w heezing by directing rebellious Qi downward 2. stubborn asthma: + Ban Xia, Gua Lou, Chen Pi, Zh i Shi, Sheng Jiang
3. wheezing and coughing with copious sput um: + Su Zi, Ting Li Zi
Indications· Heat lodged in LU causing wheezing (with or without W·H or W·Cl 4. chills and no sweating: + Jing Jie, Bo He, Dan Dou Chi
5. sinusitis: + Di Long
Signs & fever with or without sweating, t hirst, w heezing, coughing, labored breath ing,
Symptoms nasal flaring and ~a in, difficulty to expect orate sputum
... Associated Formulas
Tongue yellow tongue coating • Yue Bi Tang
Pulse rolling, ra~ i d • Yue Bi Jia Zhu Tang
• Wu Hu Tang

Cautions & Contraindications ... Ident ification of Patterns

• Contra: wheezing due to Cold
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang (or Interior + Exterior)
• Contra: ~athogenic influence lingers due to normal Qi deficiency
Shang Han Lun Tai Yang pathogen transfo rmed into heat and lodged in t he interior
Biomedically-defined disorders: Wen Bing Lun Qi level, or Wei level
• upper respiratory tract infection, lobar pneumonia, bronchial ~neumonia, bronch ial asthma, Zang Fu Heat obstructing the LU
pneumonitis from measles, bronchiolitis, pertussis, and diphtheria Five Elements not applicable

... Comparison

• Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang vs. Ma Huang Tang c 496

• Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang vs. Ba i Hu Tang c 496
• Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang vs. Ding Chuan Tang c 542

... CASE: Ted, 7-year-old boy; Ted's mother tells you that she brought him to the emergency
ANALYSIS room yesterday when he came down with a fever, sh ivering though no wind is present, and
MA HUANG : SHI GAO INDICATION some sneezing. He has a slight cough and his eyes are inflamed. He also developed a rash over
1 : 4 Normal his face. This morning she found that his rash had disappeared, but his tempe rature had risen
1 : 3 More Cold to 102.S"F. Ted now also has a cough with labored breathing, irritabi lity, wheezing and nasal
More Heat f laring and he is very thirsty. His tongue is red w ith a yellow coating and his pulse is rolling,
1 : 5
rapid and sl ightly floating.
(')
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11. LONG DAN XIE GAN TANG (Gentiana Longdancao Decoction to Drain liver) ... Hierarchy and Functions
.,
~ Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions 0
...
Ill
Long Dan Cao bitter cold LV GB ST 3-9g Long Dan Cao king Drains heat from LVI GB, eliminates damp-heat from Lower Jiao ::a
i:
:z: Huang Qin bitter cold LU ll GB ST 6-12g Huang Qin
deputy 1
Drains fire and eliminat es dampness c
~
...
Ill
Zhi Zi
Chai Hu
bitter
acrid, bitter
cold
cool
LU HT ST LV SJ
LV GB PC SJ
6-12g
3-9g
Zhi Zi
Chai Hu deputy 2
Dra ins fire and eliminates dampness
Disperses heat I
envoy: f ocuses the others on LVI GB channe ls
~
Ul
a
3
Mu Tong
Che Qian Zi
bitter
sweet
cool
cold
UB HT 51
UB KD LV LU
3-6g
9-15g
Mu Tong
Che Qian Zi assistant 1
Drai n heat from Upper Jiao, eliminates damp-heat via urine
Drain heat from Upper Jiao, eliminates damp-heat via urine
0 Ze Xie sweet, bland cold KD UB 6-12g Ze Xie Drain heat from Upper Jiao, elim inates damp-heat via urine
ca Sheng Di sweet, bitter cold HT LV KD 9-1Sg Sheng Di
assistant 2
Supplements the yin
Ill Nourishes the blood w it hout causing stasis
:::s Dang Gui sweet, acrid, bitter warm LV HT SP 6-12g Dang Gui
Ill Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST 3-6g Gan Cao envoy Harmonize the middle bu rner and regulate the other herbs

Actions ... Modifications

• Drain fire excess from t he LV and GB 1. pale-red leukorrhea and wiry, rapid pulse: + Ch i Shao, Lian Xu
• Clear and drain Damp-Heat from the Lower Jiao 2. severe headache and painful, red eyes: + Ju Hua, Sa ng Ye
3. coughing up blood due to LV fire injuring LU (Wood insulting Metal): + Dan Pi, Ce Ba i Ye
Indications 4. tremors: + Gou Teng, Chuan Bei Mu
(1)· LV Fire attack upward
... Associated Formulas
Signs & headache, dizziness, red and sore e','es, hearing loss, swelling in the ea rs, ~
Symptoms • Xie Qing Wan
bitter taste in the mouth, irritabilit',', short tem~:Jer, ~:Jain in the h','!:JOChondria
• Qing Dan Xie Huo Ta ng
Tongue red + ','ellow coating
• Dang Gui Long Hui Tang
Pulse w ir',', ra~:>id, forcefu l
• Chai Hu Qing Gan Tang

(2)· LV & GB Damp-Heat invade downward ... Identification of Patterns

difficult and ~:Jainful urination with a sensation of heat in the urethra, swollen, Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang
Signs & sweating, and ~:Jruritic external genitalia, In cf; impotence, In 9; foul -smelling Shang Han Lun Shao Yang
Symptoms leukorrhea, the menstrual C','cle will be shortened and the blood wi ll turn Wen Bing Lun Qi level
reddish -~:>ur~:Jie Zang Fu LVI GB fire blazing upwards, or Da mp-Heat in LVI GB
Tongue red + greas',', ','ellow coating Five Elements Wood
Pulse rolling, wir',', ra~:> id , forceful

Cautions & Contraindications
• Caution: long-term usage or in large doses (because It is very bitter and cold)
• Caution: SP deficiency or injury to the fluids (because it can harm t he SP and fluids)
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• migraine headache, eczema, intercostal neuralgia, gallstones, uveitis, conj unctivitis, corneal
ulcers, acute glaucoma, central retin itis, suppurative otit is media, h er~:Jes zoster, herpes
simplex, pyelonephritits, cystitis, urethritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, orchitis, epididymitis,
and hyperthyroidism
... Comparison
• Long Dan Xie Gan Ta ng vs. Ba Zheng San c 517
... CASE: Jason, 43-year-o ld male; This past week Jason gradually developed pain and extreme
tenderness, a hot sensation and slight swelling in his inguinal region including his scrotum.
Further he states t hat prior to t he onset of pain he has had a high fever and his urine has
been dark and scanty. Jason's tongue is red w it h a yellowish coating, and his pulse is rolling,
w iry and rapid.

ANALYSIS

LV FIRE "fr
LV DAMP-HEAT .!).
 12. QING HAO BIE JIA TANG (Artemisia Annua & Soft-shelled Turtle Shell Decoction) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Function

Bie Jia salt y sl cold LV SP 15g Bie Jia Focuses on yin, enrich yin and reduce the fever from deficiency
king
Qing Hao bitter cold KD LV GB 6g Qing Hao Focuses on ya ng, vents the heat and expels it from the body
Sheng Di sweet, bitter cold HT LV KD 12g Sheng Di Assists Bie Jia in nourishing yin and clearing heat from deficiency
deput y
Zhi Mu bitter cold LU ST KD 6g Zhi Mu Assists Bie Jia in nourishing yin and clearing heat from deficiency
Mu Dan Pi acrid, bitter cool HT LV KD 9g Mu Dan Pi assistant Drains heat f rom yin and assists Qing Hao in venting the heat

Actions: Nourish t he Yin and vent heat "" Modifications

1. Lung consumption: + Sha Shen, Han Lian Cao
Indications· Yin deficiency with Heat in YinR level durinR later-stan febrile disease 2. summertime night fever and morning coolness in children: + Bai Wei, Lian Geng
3. blazing fire from deficiency: + Bai Wei, Di Gu Pi
Signs & night f ever and morning coolness with an absence of sw eating as the fever
4. heat in the five centers, yellow urine, & red tongue with yellow coating: + Bai Mao Gen
Symptoms recedes, emaciat ion w ith no loss of a ~~etite
5. fevers of unknown origin due to Yin deficiency: + Di Gu Pi, Bai Wei
Tongue red + little coati ng
Pulse fine, ra~id ... Associated Formulas
• Ren Shen Huang Qi San
• Qin Jiao Bie Jia San
Cautions & Contraindications
• Contra: Qi-level heat (early stages of a warm-febrile disease) "" Identification of Patterns
• Contra: in cases with spasms or convulsions
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang (or in severe case excess + Deficiency)
Biomedically-defined disorders: Shang Han Lun Shao Yin Heat
• advanced stages of various infectious diseases, chronic nephritis, fevers of unknown origin, Wen Bing Lun Hidden heat damaging fluids
~est-surgical fevers and AIDS Zang Fu not applicable
Five Elements not applicable

... Comparison
• Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang vs. Liu Wei Di Huag Wan C 496

"" CASE: Isabella, 18-year-old female; After suffering from 10 days of fever, she finds out that
even though she eats, she was still losing weight. Her other symptoms include tiredness, fever
and sweating at night, but no fever in the morning. Tongue is red with no coating. Pulse is
thready and rapid.

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(1) BAI HU TANG & MA XING SHI GAN TANG @ MA XING SHI GAN TANG & MA HUANG TANG

n BAI HU TANG MA XING SHI GAN TANG MA XING SHI GAN TANG MA HUANG TANG
0
3 •Shi Gao •Ma Huang •Ma Huang •Ma Huang

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I» Ingredients
•Zhi Mu
•Zhi Gan Cao
•Geng Mi
•Shi Gao
•Xing Ren
•Zhi Gan Cao
Ingredients
•Shi Gao
•Xing Ren
• Zhi Gan Cao
•G ui Zhi
• Xing Ren
•Zhi Gan Cao
0 •Ma Huang + Shi Gao Common
:I Dui-Yao •Shi Gao + Zhi Mu Ma Huang, Xing Ren, Zhi Gan Cao
•Ma Huang + Xing Ren herbs

Common Diaphoresis to release exterior, regulate LU Qi to stop w heezing

herbs Shi Gao Functions
Clea r LU Heat Strongly release exterior
Excess heat accumulating in the LU
Indications Exterior Wind-Cold or Wind-Heat wheezing and dyspnea
Ya ngming Channel level
==;. transform to Heat ==;. lodged in LU Symptoms
wheezing, dyspnea, coughing, chills and fever, body aches,
fever, dyspnea, thirst sweating or no sweating no sweating
Symptoms
4 Bigs (high fever, severe thirst, profuse wheezing, coughing, fever, possible
sweating, surging pulse) sweating, dislike of wind or cold

(2) LONG DAN XIE GAN TANG & TIAN MA GOU TENG YIN @ QING HAO BIE JIA TANG & LIU WEI 01 HUANG WAN
LONG DAN XIE GAN TANG TIAN MA GOU TENG YIN QING HAO BIE JIA TANG LIU WEI 01 HUANG WAN
• Long Dan Cao •Tian Ma •Shu Di Huang
•Bie Jia
•Huang Qin •Gou Teng • Shan Zhu Yu
•Qing Hao
• Zhi Zi •Shi Jue Ming • Shan Yao
•Sheng Di Huang
• Chai Hu • Zhi Zi Ingredients • Fu Ling
• Zhi Mu
•Mu Tong •Huang Qin • Mu Da n Pi
•Mu Dan Pi
Ingredients •Che Qian Zi • Vi Mu Cao • Ze Xie
•Ze Xie • Chuan Niu Xi
•Sheng Di •Du Zhong • Shu Di Huang + Ze Xie
•Dang Gui •Sang Ji Sheng Dui-Yao •Qing Hao + Bie Jia • Shan Zhu Yu + Mu Dan Pi
•Gan Cao •Ye Jiao Teng • Shan Yao + Fu Ling
•Fu Shen
Nourish Yin
LV Functions
Indications Vent Heat Nourish KD
LV Fire't or LV/GB Damp-Heat .J LV Yang rising or LV Wind

headache, dizziness, (J) red, yellow coating, ® wiry, rapid

(J) red, little coating, ® thready, rapid

LV Firef' : hypochondriac pain, red
and sore eyes, hearing loss, swelling in
the ears, a bitter taste, irritability,
short temper, ® forceful
Symptoms
LV/GB Damp-Heat.J : UTI, swollen,
sweating, and pruritic external genitalia,
impotence ( d'), foul-smelling
leukorrhea, short menstrual cycle with
reddish-purple blood color ( 9), (J)
greasy, ® rolling, forceful
LV Yang rising : vertigo, tinnitus,
blurred vision, a sensation of heat
rushing to the head, insomnia w ith
Symptoms
dream-disturbed sleep
LV Wind : In severe cases there may
also be numbness, twitching and spasm
in the extremities, or hemiplegia
night fever and morning coolness with
an absence of sweating as the fever
recedes, emaciation with no loss of
appetite
soreness and weakness in the lower
back, light-headedness, vertigo,
tinn itus, diminished hearing, night
sweats, spontaneous and nocturnal
emissions, hot pa lms and soles, a
chronic dry and sore throat,
toothache, or wasting and thirsting
disorder
 ~PURGE i~T~J (AfofX11 ) ~ KING HERBS

CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY FORMULAS FORMULA KING HERBS

13 Da Cheng Qi Tang 13 Da Cheng Qi Tang Da Huang

-
14 PURGE Purge Heat accumulation Xiao Cheng Qi Tang 14 Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Da Hua ng
-
15 Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang 15 Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang Da Huang

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Ingredient Taste Dosage Ingredient
CD
Ill Da Huang bitter cold Ll ST HT LV 12g Da Huang king Propu lsive action in purging and cooling to treat constipation :a
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Mang Xiao
Zhi Shi
Hou Po
acrid, bitter, sa lty
bitter, acrid
acrid, bitter
very cold
sl cold
warm, aromatic
Ll ST
Ll SP ST
LU Ll SP ST
9-12g
12-lSg
24g
Mang Xiao
Zhi Shi
Hou Po
deputy

assistant
Stool-softening action
Dissipates clumps and reduces focal distention
Disseminates the qi and relieves the sensation of fullness
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Actions
•
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Vigorously purges heat accumulation
clear heat form the Stomach and Intestines, Purge heat and loosen the bowels
... Modifications
1. high fever, severe thirst, and rapid & forceful pulse (concurrent Yang Ming channel and
organ-stage disorder): + Zhi Mu, Shi Gao
2. severe abdominal distention: + Lai Fu Zi
Indications 3. signs of blood stasis: + Tao Ren, Chi Shao
(1) · Severe pattern of the Yam~: Min11: Fu syndrome
... Associated Formulas
severe consti(2ation and flatu lence, focal distention and abdominal fullness,
• Xiao Cheng Qi Tang
Signs & abdominal (1ain which increases U(10n 12ressure, a tense and firm abdomen.
• Hou Po San Wu Tang
Symptoms In severe cases, there may be tidal fevers, delirious S(1eech, and profuse
• Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang
sweating from the palms and soles. (Shi I lao I Pi I Man)
• Da Huang Gan Cao Tang
Tongue dry, yellow or dry, black tongue coating with (1rickles • Fu Fang Da Cheng Qi Tang
Pulse submerged, excessive • Zeng Ye Cheng Qi Tang

... Identification of Patterns

(2)· Yan11: Min11: Fu syndrome causin11: diarrhea
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang
foul smelling green watery diarrhea or discharge wL abdominal distension, Shang Han Lun Yang Ming Fu
Signs &
fullness and 12ain; these symptoms do not im(1rove after the diarrhea; dry Wen Bing Lun Qi level
Symptoms
mouth and thirst; (1al(2able fecal im12action Zang Fu Heat obstructing the ST and Ll
Five Elements can be very complicated
(3) : Excess internal Heat causing Heat collapse (Re Jue)

fever, cold limbs, t hirst, sweating from the head, constipation, scanty dark ... Comparison
Signs &
urine, disorientation, delirious S(1eech, a hot sensation in the sternum and
• Da Cheng Qi Tang vs. Xiao Cheng Qi Tang vs. Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang C 501
Symptoms
epigastrium, an excessive (1ulse, convulsions, mania
... CASE: William, 30-year-old male; William presents in your clinic with guarding of his lower
abdomen, he stat es that he has been in a good amou nt of pain for two days. His last bowe l
Cautions & Contraindications movement was three days ago, t his morning however he had diarrhea that was green and
• Caution: It may ca use vomiting or diarrhea watery and smelled fou l. On palpation his abdomen feels like a solid mass in the lower left
• Caution: Weak patient (only when absolutely necessary, use with tonics) quadrant. He has a dry red tongue with yellow coating, and a rapid, forcefu l, deep pulse.
• Contra: during pregnancy

Biomedically-defined disorders:
• acute uncomplicated a(1(1endicitis, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, postoperative
constipation and distension, uncomplicated intestinal obstruction, roundworm in the bile
duct, early-stage dysentery, and pneumonia (especially in children )
 14. XIAO CHENG Q l TANG (Minor Order t he Qi Decoction) • Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperat ure Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Da Huang bitter co ld Ll ST HT LV 12g Da Huang king Propu lsive action in purging and cooling to treat constipation
Hou Po acrid, bitter warm, aromatic LU Ll SP ST 6g Hou Po Disseminates the qi and relieves the sensation of fullness
deputy
Zhi Shi bitter, acrid sl cold Ll SP ST 6-9g Zhi Sh i Dissipates clumps and reduces focal distention

Act ions • Modifications and Associated Formu las

• Mildly purge accumulation and regulate the Qi
• Clear heat from the Stomach and Intestine • Identification of Patterns

Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang

Indications· M ild pattern of the Yang Ming Fu syndrome
Shang Han Lun Yang Ming Fu
tida l fever, delirium, consti;:1ation, focal distention, abdominal fullness, Wen Bing Lun Qi level
Signs &
abdominal pain that does not increase upon pressure. (Shi I Pi I Man) ; Also Zang Fu Heat obstructing ST and Ll
Symptoms
for early-stage of dysentery disorders with abdominal distention and tenesmus Five Elements not applicable

Tongue old-looking {dirt',' and dr',') tongue + ','ellow coating

Pulse rolling, ra[;!id • Com parison
• Xiao Cheng Qi Tang vs. Da Cheng Qi Tang vs. Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang C SOl

Cautions & Contraindicat ions • CASE: Ethan, 10-year-old male; After the boy had eaten a rice cake from the day before, he
• Caution: It may cause vomiting or diarrhea cried because he has chest discomfort, irritability, abdominal pain, and constipation. His
• Caution: Weak patient (only when absolutely necessary, use with tonics) temperature is 101 ·F with sweating. Tongue coating is red and dry, Pulse is rolling and rapid.
• Contra: during pregnancy

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15. TIAO WEI CHENG Ql TANG (Regulate the Stomach and Order the Qi Decoction)

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Ill Da Huang
Mang Xiao
bitter
acrid, bitter, salty
cold
very cold
Ll ST HT LV
Ll ST
12g
9-12g
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Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 6g
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c Actions: Mildly clear heat and purges accumulation Modifications and Associated Formulas
ii
Identification of Patterns
iS' L

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mild consti(1ation without focal distention and abdominal fullness, but with Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang
Signs &
irritability, fever, delirium. (Shi I Zao) ; Also for nosebleed, swollen gums and Shang Han Lun Yang Ming Fu
Symptoms
throat, and (1etechiae (subcutaneous bleeding) Wen Bing Lun Qi level
Zang Fu Heat obstructing ST and Ll
Tongue yellow coating
Five Elements not applicable
Pulse rolling, ra(1id

Cautions & Contraindications Tiao Wei Qi Tang vs. Da Cheng Qi Tang vs. Xiao Cheng Qi Tang c 501
• Caution: It may cause vomiting or diarrhea • Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang vs. Tao He Cheng Qi Tang c 549
• Caution: Weak patient (only when absolutely necessary, use with tonics)
• Contra: during pregnancy ... CASE: Jessica, 25-year-old female; Jessica has had a fairly severe toothache for three days.
Her gums are swollen and sore, which is made more severe when she eats spicy food. She
states that she has been exceptionally thirsty. As she says this, you have the opportunity to
notice her foul halitosis. Other clinical symptoms and signs include dark yellow urine and
constipation. Her tongue is red with a yellow coat, and her pulse is rolling and rapid.
 ~ COMPARISON ~

(J) DA CHENG Ql TANG & XIAO CHENG Ql TANG & TIAO WEI CHENG Ql TANG @ DA CHENG Ql TANG & BAI HU TANG
DA CHENG Ql TANG XIAO CHENG Ql TANG TIAO WEI CHENG Ql TANG DA CHENG Ql TANG BAI HU TANG

•Da Huang (hardness) •Da Huang (hardness) •Da Huang (hardness) •Da Huang •Shi Gao
•Mang Xiao (dryness) •Mang Xiao (dryness) •Mang Xiao •Zhi Mu
Ingredients
Ingredients •Hou Po (fullness) •Hou Po (fullness) •Hou Po •Zhi Gan Cao
•Zhi Shi (distention) •Zhi Shi (distention) •Zhi Shi •Geng Mi
•Gan Cao
Yangming syndrome
Common Indications
herbs Da Huang
Yangming Fu (organ) Yangming Jing (channel)
Dui-Yao Da Huang + Mang Xiao Hou Po + Zhi Shi Da Huang + Gan Cao
high fever, profuse sweating, severe thirst, red complexion, irritability, coma ,
Shi (hardness) GJ red, dry yellow coating, ® forceful
Zao (dryness) Zao (dryness) Symptoms high-grade tidal fever, sweating on
Comparison palm s and feet, abdominal pain and
Man (fullness) Man (fullness) persistent high fever, profuse sweating
distension, con stipation, ® deep, over whole body, ® surging
Pi (focal distention) Pi (focal distention) rolling, rapid
con stipation, tidal fever, sweating, irritability,
GJ red, dry yellow coating, ® rapid
Symptoms
GJ dark yellow, black GJ deep yellow, brown GJ yellow coating
® deep, forc eful ® rolling ® rolling

"' 4 Types of abdominal disharmony "'

The heat which accumulates and takes form res ulting in

consti(!ation and abdominal (!ain that increa ses upon
SHI . (@1 ) Hardness press ure
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-+ Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) o·
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The dry stool wh1ch accumulates 1n the Intestines and <
ZAO ~( ~ ) Dryness cau ses parts of the abdomen to become ten se and firm
-+ Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas)
The visible distention which is resistant to palpation
MAN ;Jj( t'.f )
Fullness
(Objective)
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-+ Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) :::J

The sensation of obstruction, distention, and heaviness ~

Distention which is focused in the epigastrium ~
PI g(tJ I) o·
(Subjective) :::J
-+ Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus lmmaturus)

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CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY FORMULAS FORMULA KING HERBS "'::a0"
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16 Harmonize Shao Yang Xiao Chai Hu Tang 16 Xiao Chai Hu Tang Chai Hu c
-
17
HARMONIZE Harmonize Liver & Spleen
Si Ni San 17 Si Ni San Chai Hu E
18 Xiao Yao San 18 Xiao Yao San Chai Hu
1---
19 Harmonize Stomach & Intestines Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang 19 Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang Ban Xia
 16. XIAO CHAI HU TANG (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Chai Hu bitter, acrid cool GB LV PC SJ 24g Chai Hu king Vents shaoyang stage disorders, spreads LV qi with an ascending
Huang Qin bitter cold GB Ll LU ST 9g Huang Qin deputy Drains heat from the LV and GB (the interior aspect)
Ban Xia acrid warm~ toxic LU SP ST 24g Ban Xia assistant 1 Warms and transforms phlegm and turbidity in middle burner
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 9g Sheng Jiang assistant 2 Harmonizes the middle burner, stop nausea and vom iting
Ren Shen sweet, sl bitter sl warm LU SP 9g Ren Shen Supports the normal qi to prevent the pathogen 's penetrat ing
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 9g Zhi Gan Cao assist ant 3 Supports the normal qi to prevent the pathogen's penetrating
Da Zao sw eet neutral SP ST 12 pieces Da Zao Supports the norma l qi to prevent the pathogen's penetrating

Actions ... Modifications

• Harmonize and Release the Shao Yang disorder 1. pronounced thirst: - Ban Xia, + Tian Hua Fen
• Harmonize and ton ify t he middle jiao 2. abdominal pain: - Huang Qin, + Bai Shao
3. rough, scanty, dark, and painful urination: + Jin Qian Cao, Bai Hua She She Cao
Indications 4. fever, aversion to w ind, HA, chest stifling sensation, constipation, low appet ite, dark urine,
(1)· Shao Yam.: stage svndrome in Shang Han disease irritability, thirst, yellow tongue coating, & tense pulse: + Hua Ma Ren, Zh i Shi
5. fever, coughing of yellow sputum : + Jie Geng, Gua Lou, Chuan Bei Mu
alternating fever and chills, dl}' t hroat, bitter or sou r taste in the mouth,
6. malarial disorders: + Qing Hao, Chang Shan
Signs & dizziness, irrit abilit y, sensation of f ullness in the chest and h:t(:lochondria (often
7. vertigo: + Ju Hua, Gou Teng, Jue Ming Zi
Symptoms experienced as difficulty in taking deep breaths), heartburn, nausea and
8. coughs that are more severe around m idnight, alternating fever & chills, and a bitter taste
vomiting, reduced a(:l(:letite
in the mouth: + Gan Jiang, Xi Xin, Wu Wei Zi
Tongue thin, white coating 9. UTI w it h chills, fever, and urgent, frequent urination: + Liu Wei Di Huang Wan
Pulse ~
... Associated Formulas
• Chai Hu Gui Zhi Tang
(2): Heat attacking into the blood chamber causing Shao Yang syndrome in woman • Chai Hu Jia Mang Xiao Tang
invasion of externa l pathogenic heat in the Uterus during menstruation or • Chai Hu Zhi Jie Tang

postpartum • Chai Hu Gui Zhi Gan Jiang Tang

• Chai Hu Si W u Tang
• Chai Ping Tang
Cautions & Contraindications • Chai Hu Qing Zao Tang
• Contra: excess above and deficiency below with LV Fire, or bleedi ng of the gums
• Caution: ascendant LV Yang, hypertension, or hematemesis due to Yi n deficiency ... Identification of Patterns

Eight Principles Half exterior Half interior

Biomedically-defined disorders:
Shang Han lun Shao Yang
• upper respiratory t ract infection, influenza, bronchitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, epidemic
Wen Bing lun not applicable
parotitis, jaundice, malaria, acute viral hepat itis, (:IOStpartum fever, acute pyeloneph rit is,
Zang Fu Dysfunction of LV, GB, and SJ
cholecystitis, lymphadenitis, and intercostal neura lgia
Five Elements Wood ove racting Earth

... Comparison
::z:
I» • Xiao Cha i Hu Tang vs. Xiao Yao San c 507
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• Xiao Cha i Hu Tang vs. Ba n Xia Xie Xin Tang 507
.,
:I ... CASE: Neil, 38-year-old ma le; His chief complaint is discomfort and pain in his hypochondrium 0
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dark urine and flatulence with slightly loose stool. He also states that he has lost his appetite. c
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Neil's tongue has a thin wh ite coating, and his pulse is wiry.
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17. 51 Nl SAN (Frigid Extremities Powder) • Hierarchy and Functions
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Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions 0
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CD Chai Hu bitter, acrid cool LV GB PC SJ 9-12g Chai Hu king Rgu lates the qi by venting t he heat and releasing constraint, 1"
Ll SP ST Drains stagnation from the middle burner to aid T/ T, ... I:
r- Zhi Shi bitter, acrid sl cold 9-12g Zhi Shi deputy c
< LV SP Nourishes the LV and preserves the yin while Chai Hu disperses
E
Bai Shao bitter, sour cool 12-24g Bai Shao assistant
Ill warm HT LU SP ST 6-9g envoy With Bai Shao, moderates t he acute or col icky pa in, harmonizing
:II Zhi Gan Cao sweet Zhi Gan Cao
a.
.,en Actions • Modifications
• Soothe the Liver Qi and regulate the Spleen 1. cough: + Wu Wei Zi, Gan Jiang (source text)
• Clear internal heat, reduce stagnation 2. palpitation: + Gui Zhi (source text)
3. urinary difficulty: + Fu Ling (source text)
Indications· LV Qi sta2nation overactinl! on SP causinl! LV/SP disharmony with cold extremities 4. abdominal pain: + Fu Zi (source text)
' 5. epigastric pain with acid regurgitation: + Zuo Jin Wan
cold fingers and toes alt hough the body is warm (Yang Jue) sometimes
Signs & 6. blood deficiency with hypochondriac pain and irregular menstruation: - Zhi Shi, + Bai Zhu, Fu
accompanied by a sensation of irritability and fullness in the chest and
Symptoms Ling, Da ng Gui
e[!igastrium; There may also be abdominal [!a in and/or severe diarrhea
7. food stagnation with abdominal pain: + Shan Zha, Mai Ya, Ji Nei Jin
Tongue red + yellow coating 8. pinpoint fixed pain due to blood stasis: + Pu Huang, Wu Ling Zi, Dan Shen
Pulse ~ 9. painful menstruation: + Dang Gui, Wu Yao, Xiang Fu, Yan Hu Suo
10. Damp-Heat leukorrhea with lower abdominal pain & soreness of lower back: + Er M iao Sa n
11. breast abscess: + Qing Pi
Cautions & Contraindications 12. biliary tract disorders: + Yin Chen Hao, Da n Shen, Yu Jin, Chi Shao, Jin Qian Cao
• none noted in Bensky 13. intercost al neuralgia: + Gua Lou Pi, Xie Bai, Yu Jin
14. roundworms: + Wu Mei, Ku Lian Gen Pi
Biomedically-defined disorders: 15. intestinal obstruction: + Da Huang
• gastritis, peptic ulcer, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, hepatitis, intestinal obstruction, mastitis, 16. acute icteric hepatitis: + Yin Chen Hao Tang
fibrocystic breasts, and Raynaud's [!henomenon
• Associated Formulas
• Chai Hu Shu Gan San
• Tong Qi San
• Da Huang Si Ni San
• Yi Gan San

• Identification of Patterns

Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang

Shang Han Lun Shao Yang
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Zang Fu LV Qi stagnation
Five Elements Wood ove racti ng Earth

• Comparison

• Si Ni San vs. Si Ni Tang c 507

• Si Ni San vs. Xiao Yao San c 507

• Si Ni San vs. Xiao Yao San vs . Yue Ju Wan c 542

• CASE: Hannah, 52-year-old fema le; She w as diagnosed with Raynaud's phenomenon. She has
cold hands and feet, fullness in the chest, breathing difficulty, with pai n sometimes, diarrhea,
and abdominal pain. Tongue is red, coating is yellow. Pu lse is wiry.
 18. XIAO YAO SAN (Rambling Powder) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Chai Hu bit ter, acrid cool LV GB PC SJ 30g (9g) Chai Hu king Effectively relieves LV constraint
Dang Gui sweet, acrid, bitter warm HT LV SP 30g (9g) Dang Gui Nourishes the blood and soften the edginess from LV constra int
deputy
Bai Shao bitter, sour cool LV SP 30g (9g) Bai Shao Nourishes t he blood and soften the edginess from LV constraint
Bai Zhu bitter, sweet warm SP ST 30g (9g) Bai Zhu Strengthens the SP and thus its transforming and t ransporting
assistant 1
Fu Ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 30g (9g) Fu Ling Strengthens t he SP and thus its t ransform ing and transporting
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST lSg (Gg) Zhi Gan Cao assistant 2 Tonifies the SP, and w ith Ba i Shao, moderates the spasms
Wei ling acrid warm LU SP ST 6g Wei Jing Harmonizes ST and prevent t he development of rebellious qi
envoy
Bo He acrid cool, aromatic LU LV 3g Bo He Small doses enhance relief of LV constraint and dispersal of heat

Actions ... Modifications

• Soothe Liver Qi and release t he depressed Qi 1. more severe hypochondriac pain with distention: - Ba i Zhu, + Xiang Fu
• St rengthen the Spleen and nourish the Blood 2. intense, fixed pain due to blood stasis: + Mu Dan Pi, Yu Jin, San Leng
3. vaginal discharge: + Jin Yin Hua, Guan Zhong
Indications· LV Qi sta1mation with LV Blood deficiency and SP Qi deficiency 4. pain over the liver wit h fatigue and reduced appetite: - Wei Jiang, Bo He, + Xiang Fu, Fo
Shou, Dan Shen, Dang Gui
headache, vertigo, a bitter taste in t he mouth, dry mouth and throat, fatigue,
Signs & 5. enlarged liver and spleen: + Hai Piao Xiao, Bie Jia, Mu Li
reduced a(2(2etit e, h','(20chondriac (2a in; There may be alternating fever and
Symptoms 6. fibrocystic breasts: - Zh i Gan Cao, + Wang Bu Liu Xing, Ji Xue Teng, Dan Shen, Xiang Fu
chills, and irregular menstruation or dist ended breasts
Tongue (2a le-red tongue ... Associat ed Formulas

Pulse wir',', deficient • Jia We i Xiao Yao San: + Mu Dan Pi, Zhi Zi (= Dan Zhi Xiao Yao San)
• Hei Xiao Yao San
• Shu Gan Li Pi Tang
Cautions & Contraindications
• none noted in Bensky ... Identification of Patterns

Eight Principles Half exterior and Half interior

Biomedically-defined disorders:
Shang Han Lun Shao Yang
• acute gast roenteritis, bacillary dysentery, h','(2erth','roidism, irritable bowel S','ndrome, and
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
colitis
Zang Fu Disharmony between LV and SP
Five Elements Wood overacting Earth

... Comparison

• Xiao Yao San vs. Si Ni San c

c
507

• Xiao Yao San vs. Xiao Cha i Hu Tang S07

ANALYSIS
• Xiao Yao San vs. Si Wu Tang c
c
S34
SOOTH LV Ql TONIFY BLOOD TONIFY Ql HARMONIZE • Xiao Yao San vs. Si Ni San vs. Vue Ju Wan 542
• Chai Hu
• Bo He
• Dang Gui
• Bai Shao
• Ba i Zhu
• Fu Ling
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Wei Jiang
• Xiao Yao San vs. Gan Mai Da Zao Tang c SS9

... CASE: Christine, 30-year-old fema le; She presents w it h dysmenorrhea w ith an irregular cycle.
::z: She has had this problem for t hree years but it has become worse since she began her new
Ill
stressful job. The abdominal cramps usually start t hree days before her flow and are
3
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accompanied by headache, tender swollen breasts and ma laise. These symptoms recede once she
:I begins menstruating. She has a pale red tongue w ith t hin yellow coating, and her pulse is w iry
~· and weak.
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19. BAN XIA XIE XIN TANG (Pinellia Decoction to Drain the Epigastrium) • Hierarchy and Functions
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iii' Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions 0
CD Ban Xia acrid w arm, toxic LU SP ST 9g Ban Xia king Disperses clu mps, stops vomiting, and eliminates focal distention ::a
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til Gan Jiang acrid hot HT LU SP ST 9g Gan Jiang deputy 1 Expe ls cold c
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Huang Qin
Huang Lian
bitter
bitter
cold
cold
GB Ll LU ST
HT Ll ST LV
9g
3g
Huang Qin
Huang Lian
deputy 2
Drains heat
Drains heat E
....-
r::a. Ren Shen sweet, sl bitter sl warm LU SP 9g Ren Shen Benefit middle burner qi and prevent from injuring normal qi
assistant
:I Da Zao sweet neutral SP ST 12 pieces Da Zao Benefit middle burner qi and prevent from injuring normal qi
CD Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 9g Zhi Gan Cao envoy Helps the assistant herbs ton ify the middle qi, and harmonizes
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CD Actions • Modifications
Ill
• Harmonize t he ST and lower rebellious Qi 1. Damp-Heat aggregating in t he M J with vomiting and focal distention: - Ren Shen, Gan Jiang,
• Break up accumulat ion and relieve distension Da Zao, Zhi Gan Cao, + Zhi Shi, Sheng Jiang

Indications· ST and Intestine disharmony with Heat/Cold interaction in the Middle Jiao • Associated Formulas

e(:ligastric foca l dist ention, fullness and tightness with ve!}' slight or no (:lain (Pi • Gan Cao Xie Xin Tang
Signs & • Sheng Jiang Xie Xin Tang
syndrome). dry heaves or frank vomit ing, borborygmus with diarrhea, reduced
Symptoms • Huang Lia n Tang
a(:l(:letite
Tongue t hin, yellow and greasy coating
• Identification of Patterns
Pulse w iry, ra(:lid
Eight Principles Interior I Cold + Heat I Deficiency + Excess I Yang
Shang Han Lun Shao Yang (treatment principle is Shao Yang)
Cautions & Contraindications Wen Bing Lun not applicable
• none noted in Bensky Zang Fu Disharmony of SP and ST
Five Elements not appl icable
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• acute gastroenteritis, chronic gastritis, chron ic he(:latitis, early-stage cirrhosis, and indigestion
• Comparison
or gastric ulcers due to hypersecretion of acid
• Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang vs. Xiao Chai Hu Tang c 507

• CASE: Carol, 40-year-old fema le; Ca rol was diagnosed with hepatitis-B last year. She states
that she has focal distention, full ness and tightness in the epigastric region, though she reports
no actual pain. She also suffers from nausea, retching, loose stools and red uced appetite . She
has a th in greasy yellow coati ng, and her pulse is wiry and rapid.
 ~ COMPARISON ~

(J) Sf Nl SAN & Sf Nl TANG @ XIAO YAO SAN & XIAO CHAI HU TANG

Sf Nl SAN Sf Nl TANG XIAO YAO SAN XIAO CHAI HU TANG

•Chai Hu •Sheng Fu Zi •Chai Hu •Chai Hu

•Zhi Shi •Gan Jiang •Dang Gui •Huang Qin
Ingredients •Bai Shao •Ban Xia
•Bai Shao •Zhi Gan Cao
•Zhi Gan Cao •Bai Zhu •Sheng Jiang
Ingredients
•Fu Ling •Ren Shen
Dui-Yao •Chai Hu + Zhi Shi •Fu Zi + Gan Jiang •Zhi Gan Cao •Zhi Gan Cao
•Wei Jiang •Da Zao
Common •Bo He
Zhi Gan Cao
herbs
Dui-Yao •Ch i Hu + Bai Shao •Chai Hu + Huang Qin
Jue syndrome ~i!(i!l!5)
Common
Yang Jue Yin Jue herbs Chai Hu, Zhi Gan Cao
Indications
(LV Qi stagnation ¢ internal Heat ¢ (KD and SP Yang deficiency ¢
constrains the Yang Qi ¢ inhibit its lose th eir warming function) Harmonize
spreading to t he extremities) Functions
LV and SP Shaoyang synd rome
co ld extremities
Symptoms alternating chills and fever, hypochondriac pa in
co ld feeling only in the fingers and toes co ld feeling in the entire limb
=} warm up with brief touch =} difficult to warm up with touch
headache, vertigo, a bitter taste in the dry throat, bitter/sour taste in the
Symptoms mouth, dry mouth and throat, fatigue, mouth, dizziness, irritability, fullness in
reduced appetite; irregular menstruation the chest, heartburn, nausea and
or distended breasts vomiting, reduced appetite
G) pale-red tongue G) thin white coating
® Sf Nl SAN & XIAO YAO SAN ® wiry, deficient ® wiry

Sf Nl SAN XIAO YAO SAN

•Cha i Hu •Cha i Hu
• Zhi Shi •Dang Gui
•Bai Shao •Ba i Shao @ BAN XIA XIE XIN TANG & XIAO CHAI HU TANG
• Zhi Gan Cao •Bai Zhu
Ingredients •F u Ling BAN XIA XIE XIN TANG XIAO CHAI HU TANG
• Zhi Gan Cao
•Ban Xia •Chai Hu
•Wei Jiang
•Bo He •Gan Jiang
•Hu ang Qin
• •Huang Qin
•Ban Xia
Common
herbs
Chai Hu, Bai Shao, Zhi Gan Cao Ingredients •Huang Lian
•Ren Shen
•Sheng Jiang
•Ren Shen
•
• Chai Hu + Bai Shao •Da Zao •Zhi Gan Cao
•Chai Hu + Bai Shao •Dang Gui + Bai Shao
Dui-Yao •Zh i Gan Cao •Da Zao
•Bai Shao + Zhi Gan Cao •B ai Zhu + Fu Ling Common
herbs Ban Xia, Huang Qin, Ren Shen, Da Zao, Zhi Gan Cao
Soothe LV Qi, harmonize LV/SP
Functions Disharmony
Clear internal Heat Nourish Blood Indications
Pi syndrome Shaoyang syndrome
hypochondriac pain, abdominal pain, menstrual pain, G) dusky, ® wiry
::1: ® wiry
I» fatigue, poor appetite, dizziness,
Symptoms cold extremities with warm trunk,
3
0
G) red, yellow coating, ® maybe rapid
irregular menses, PMS, breast
distension, G) thin white coating, ®
epigastric focal distention, fullness and
tightness with very slight or no pain,
alternating fever and ch ills, dry throat,
bitter or sour taste, dizziness,
:I weak Symptoms "1'1
dry heaves, borborygmus with diarrhea, irritability, fullness in the chest and
iii' reduced appetite hypochondria, heartburn, nausea and 0
II)
G) thin yellow greasy coating vomiting, reduced appetite ::a
® rapid G) thin white coati ng 3:
n c
~
0
,3 (I)

..
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iii' c.n
c;· e.....
:I
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Ul
0
'a co
!. ~ EXPEL DAMP ~~~J ('?8Xil) ~ KING HERBS
Cl
Dol
CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY FORMULAS FORMULA KING HERBS
3
'a
20 Ping Wei San 20 Ping Wei San Cang Zhu
- Transform Damp turbidity
21 Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San 21 Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Huo Xiang
-
22 Clear Damp-Heat Ba Zheng San 22 Ba Zheng San Mu Tong
-
23 EXPEL Wu Ling San 23 Wu Ling San Ze Xie
-
24 DAMP Promote Urination & Drain Damp Zhu Ling, Fu Ling
Zhu Ling Tang 24 Zhu Ling Tang
-
25 Wu Pi San 25 Wu Pi San All herbs
-
26 Warm & Transform Damp Zhen Wu Tang 26 Zhen Wu Tang Fu Zi
-
27 Dispel Wind-Damp Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang 27 Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang Du Huo
 20. PING WEI SAN (Calm the Stomach Powder) • Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Cang Zhu acrid, bitter warm, aromatic SP ST 2500g (12-15g) Cang Zhu king Dispels dampness and strengthens the transporting function of SP
Hou Po bitter, acrid warm, aromatic L1 LU SP ST 1560g (9-12g) Hou Po deputy Dispels dampness, regulate qi, and disperses fullness
Chen Pi acrid, bitter warm, aromatic LU SP ST 1560g (9-12g) Chen Pi assistant Regulates qi, transforms the damp, and improves the appetite
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 900g (3-6g) Zhi Gan Cao envoy 1 Tonifies the SP, and harmonizes the other herbs
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 3-9g Sheng Jiang Regulates and harmonizes the relationship between the SPIST
envoy 2
Da Zao sweet neutral SP ST 3-12 pieces Da Zao Regulates and harmonizes the re lationship between the SPIST

Actions • Modifications
• Resolve damp and strengthen the Spleen 1. severe damp-cold with generalized cold and pain: + Rou Gui, Gan Jiang
• Regulate ST Qi and harmonize the MJ 2. Damp-Heat with bitter taste, dry throat with no thirst, and yellow, greasy tongue coating: +
Huang Qin, Huang Lian
-
Indications· Damp Cold stal!nation in SP and ST 3. food stagnation with severe distention and constipation: + Lai Fu Zi, Da Fu Pi, Zhi Ke
4. severe vomiting: + Ban Xia
distention and fullne ss in the e(:1igastrium and abdomen, loss of taste and
Signs & 5. more SP deficiency marked by a loss of appetite with less distention & fullness: Cang Zhu-7
a(:1(:1etite, heavy sensation in the limbs, loose stool or diarrhea, easily-fatigued,
Symptoms Bai Zhu, + Huang Qi, Shan Yao
increased desire to sleef:1, nausea and vomiting, belching, acid regurgitation
6. delayed labor or fetal death with a similar presentation: + Mang Xiao, Zhi Shi (source:
Tongue swollen + thick, white, greasy coating women's Disease According to Fu Qing-Zhu)
Pulse moderate, rolling 7. stones in the common bile duct: + Yin Chen Hao, Zhi Zi, Yu Jin

• Associated Formulas
Cautions & Contraindications • Bu Huan Jin Zheng Qi San
• Contra: Yin or Blood deficiency (blc it is bitter, acrid, warm and dry) • Xiang Sha Ping Wei San
• Caution: during (:1regnancy • Fen Xiao Tang
• Chu Shi Wei Ling Tang
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• acute and chronic gastroenteritis, gastric neurosis, peptic ulcer disease, infantile indigestion, • Identification of Patterns
and to induce labor
Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Excess I Yin
Shang Han Lun not applicable
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Zang Fu Dampness in SP & ST
Five Elements Earth

• Comparison
• Ping Wei San vs. Li Zhong Wan c 517
• Ping Wei San vs. Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San c 517

,m
~
• CASE: Mary, 45-year-ol d female ; Mary visits stating that her arms and legs always feel heavy
! and that she's been wanting to sleeping excessively. Her appetite is reduced, she has lost her
II:' sense of taste and has occasional nausea and belching. One palpation, you note that she is
Dl
,3 bloated with fullness in the epigastrium and abdomen. Her tongue is swollen with a thick greasy
coating, and her pulse is rolling.

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21. HUO XIANG ZHENG Ql SAN (Agastache Powder to Rectify the Qi) • Hierarchy and Functions
.,
Ill Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions 0
,3 Huo Xiang acrid sl warm LU SP ST 90g (12g) Huo Xiang king Disperses W-C, transforms damp, revives SP, and stops vomiting ::a
1:
Hou Po bitt er, acrid warm ~ aromatic Ll LU SP ST 60g (9g) Hou Po
deputy 1
Moves the qi and promotes proper water metabolism
c
c
Ill
Chen Pi acrid, bitter warm, aromatic LU SP ST 60g (9g) Chen Pi Regulat es t he qi, transforms damp, and harmonizes
~
,3 Zi Su Ye acrid warm, aromatic LU SP 30g (6g) Zi Su Ye
deputy 2
Dispels externally-contracted cold, and harmonizes middle burner tn

......,.c
Bai Zhi acrid warm LU ST 30g (6g) Bai Zhi Dispels externally-contracted cold, t reats headach e
Ban Xia acrid warm, toxic LU SP ST 60g (9g) Ban Xia Harmonizes t he ST and stops vomiting
Da Fu Pi acrid sl warm Ll 51 SP ST 30g (9g) Da Fu Pi Functions like Hou Po, but focuses on the lower burner
ii Bai Zhu bitt er, sweet warm SP ST 60g (12g) Bai Zhu assista nt Strengthens the SP and tra nsforms dampness
::;: Strengthens the SP and t ransforms dampness
'< Fu Ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 30g (9g) Fu Ling
Jie Geng bitt er, acrid neutral LU 60g (9g) Jie Geng Promot es t he proper function ing of the LU and the diaphragm
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 75g (3g) Zhi Gan Cao Harmoni zes the actions of t he other herbs and regulat e SPI ST
Sheng Jiang acrid wa rm LU SP ST 3-6g Sheng Jiang envoy Harmonizes the actions of t he other herbs and regulate SPI ST
Da Zao sweet neut ra l SP ST 1 piece Da Zao Harmonizes the actions of t he other herbs and regulat e SPI ST

Actions • Modifications
• Release t he exterior and resolve dampness 1. severe wind-cold: 1' Zi Su Ye
• Regulate Qi and harmonize M iddle Jiao 2. food stagnation: - Gan Cao, Da Zao, + Shen Qu, Ji Nei Jin
3. severe damp with a very thick, greasy tongue coating: Bai Zhu 7 Cang Zhu
Indications· Internal Damp in Middle Jiao + external Wind Cold 7 - causing vomiting and diarrhea 4. brief, scanty urination: + Mu Tong, Ze Xie

fever and chills, headache, a sensat ion of f ullness and st ifling 0[1[1ression in the
Signs & • Associated Formulas
chest , [1ai n in t he e[1igastrium and abdomen, nausea and vomiting,
Symptoms • Yi Jia Jian Zheng Qi San
borborygmus, diarrhea, loss of taste
• Er Jia Jian Zheng Qi San
Tongue white, greasy coating
• San Jia Jian Zheng Qi San
Pulse moderate, soft • Si Jia Jian Zheng Qi San
• Wu Jia Jian Zheng Qi Sa n

Cautions & Contraindications • Liu He Tang

• Contra: Wind-Heat or Fire due to deficiency (blc it is warm and dry) • Identification of Patterns

Biomedically-defined disorders: Eight Principles Exterior + Interior I Cold I Excess I Yin

• influenza, intestinal f lu, nonspecific acute colitis, and acute gast roenterit is Shang Han Lun Tai Yang
Wen Bing lun not applicable
Zang Fu Disharmony of SPIST
Five Elements Earth

• Comparison
• Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San vs. Ping Wei San c 517
• Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San vs. Ren Shen Bai Du Sa n c 517

• CASE: Tiffa ny, 40-yea r-old fema le; Tiffany present s with diarrhea and vom it ing for the past
severa l days after working in a child-care facility. She also reports feeling feverish, having a
sense of bloating in the epigastru m with nausea, f lat ulence, appetite loss, headache, and a
recent disli ke of cold. She has a white greasy t ongue coating, and her pulse is rolling and
slightly f loating.
 22. BA ZHENG SAN (Eight Herb Powder for Rectification) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Mu Tong bitter cool UB HT 51 3-6g Mu Tong king Clears heat, promotes urination, and clears damp stagnation
Hua Shi sweet, bland cold ST UB 12-30g Hua Shi Clears damp-heat by promoting urination, unblocks Lin syndrome
Che Qian Zi sweet cold UB KD LV LU 9-lSg Che Qian Zi Clears damp-heat by promoting urination, unblocks Lin syndrome
deputy
Qu Mai bitter cold UB HT 51 6-12g Qu Mai Clears damp-heat by promoting urination, unblocks Lin syndrome
Bian Xu bitter sl cold UB 6-12g Bian Xu Clea rs damp-heat by promoting urination, unblocks Lin syndrome
Zhi Zi bitter cold HT LV LU ST SJ 3-9g Zhi Zi Drains heat from the three burners through the urine
assistant
Zhi Da Huang bitter cold HT Ll LV ST 6-9g Zhi Da Huang Drains heat through the stool
Deng Xin Cao sweet, bland sl cold HT LU 51 3-6g Deng Xin Cao Guides heat downward
envoy
Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST 3-9g Gan Cao Harmonizes the other ingredients and relieves abdominal pain

Actions ... Modifications

• Clear heat and purge fi re 1. bloody painful urinary dysfunction: 1' Bian Xu, + Bai Mao Gen, Xiao Ji
• Drai n damp and promote urination for treating Lin syndrome 2. stony painful urinary dysfunction: + Jin Qian Cao, Hai Jin Sha, Shi Wei, Niu Xi
3. cloudy painful urinary dysfunct ion: + Bi Xie, Chang Pu
-
Indications· Damp Heat clumpinl! in Lower Jiao causing hot or bloody Lin syndrome 4. urinary ret ention: 1' Mu Tong, Hua Shi, Bian Xu, + Huang Bai, Rou Gui
5. stomat it is: + Dan Zhu Ye, Sheng Di Huang
~ turbid, scanty, difficult, and 12ainful urination, a dry mouth and throat; In
Signs &
severe cases, there may be urinar::y retention and lower abdominal distention
Symptoms ... Associated Formulas
and 12ain
• Wu Lin San
Tongue yellow, greasy coating • Jia Wei Wu Lin San
Pulse rolling, ra(2id • San Jin Tang

... Identification of Patterns

Cautions & Contraindications
• Caution: Long-term use may cause weakness, light headedness, (2alpitations, and a loss of
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang
Shang Han Lun not applicable
appetite
Wen Bing Lun Qi level
• Contra: Cold from deficiency, or during pregnancy
Zang Fu Damp-Heat in the UB
Biomedically-defined disorders: Five Elements not applicable
• glomerulonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, urinar::y tract calculi, prostatitis, and stomatitis
... Comparison
• Ba Zheng San vs. Long Dan Xie Gan Tang c 517
• Ba Zheng San vs. Zhu Ling Ta ng c 518

... CASE: Julie, 30-year-old female; Yesterday while urinating Julie experienced painful and
burn ing sensations. She further states that it was also difficult urinating w it h some dribbling
yellow urine. She is thirsty and wants to drink cold water. During the intake she excuses herself
twice to use your bathroom. Her pulse is rolling and rapid.

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!. 23. WU LING SAN (Five Ingredient Powder with Poria)
......
... Hierarchy and Functions
.,
,"a
AI ~~~
Ze Xie sweet, bland
T~atUI'«
cold
Channels
KD UB
..··•. lntiBIIe•••..
4g
~~em•·'
Ze Xie
!i.filfal'd'.ly of~
king
. . . ) ..•.•. ········
Leaches out dampness, enters the UB and eliminate the heat
. :< • ·······.•< •.·•.·. 0
;c
Fu ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 2.3g Fu ling Leaches out dampness, strengthens the SP, and assists the yang
m deputy
Zhu ling sweet, bland sl cool SP KD UB 2.3g Zhu ling Eliminates dampness and promotes urination
a.
CD
aAI Bai Zhu
Gui Zhi
bitter, sweet
acrid, sweet
warm
warm
SP ST
HT LU UB
2.3g
l.Sg
Bai Zhu
Gui Zhi
assistant
Strengthens the SP qi, aids the T/T of fluids
Releases exterior I envoy: "adding firewood under the cauldron"
E
go
c Actions • Modifications
:::!. • Promote urination, drain water-damp and strengthen the Spleen 1. severe edema: + Sang Bai Pi, Chen Pi, Da Fu Pi
:a
AI • Warm the Yang and promote the transforming function of bladder Qi 2. Cold-Damp painful obstruction accompanied by thirst and urinary difficulty: + Qiang Huo
~ 3. Damp-Heat diarrhea: - Bai Zhu, Gui Zhi, + Yin Chen Hao, Jin Yin Hua
a. Indications 4. both exterior signs and edema: + Vue Bi Tang
3i
n (1)· UB water accumulation with DOSsible external Wlnd·Cold' lai Yamr Fu wndrorne 5. concurrent edema and Qi obstruction due to excessive water retention: + Wu Pi Yin
c
headache, fever, irritabilit'l, strong thirst but with vomiting immediatel'l after
~ Signs &
Symptoms drinking, urinar'l difficult'l
• Associated Formulas
• Si Ling San
Tongue thick, white coating, possibly greasy • Wei Ling Tang
Pulse floating • Yin Chen Wu Ling San
• Chun Ze Tang

(2)· ~··~~!tefttion marked bv eclema aDd>::, dliflcult urination ... Identification of Patterns
Signs & edema, generalized sensation of heaviness, diarrhea, urinar'l difficult'l, and Eight Principles Exterior + Interior I Cold I Excess I Yang
Symptoms 11ossible vomiting and diarrhea due to sudden turmoil disorder Shang Han lun Tai Yang Fu - Water accumulation
Tongue thick, white or greasy, white coating Wen Bing lun not applicable
Pulse rolling Zang Fu Water retention in the UB
Five Elements not applicable

.
(3)· Conaested fll.lid sYndrome· Tan-Vin svndrorne
... Comparison
Signs & throbbing 11ulsations just below the umbilicus, vomiting froth'l saliva, vertigo, • Wu Ling San vs. Zhu Ling Tang c 518
Symptoms shortness of breath, and coughing • Wu Ling San vs. Zhu Ling Tang vs. Wu Pi San c 518
Tongue thick, white or thick, greasy, white coating
... CASE: Cecelia, 28-year-old female; Cecelia went to the emergency room because she had
Pulse rolling
inhibited urination that was beginning to worry her. To make matters worse, she had a viral
infection in her lung with a fever of lOO.S'F. Cecelia now complains of intense thirst, but she
Cautions & Contraindications vomits immediately after drinking. Her tongue is moist with a white coating and a floating pulse.
• Caution: SP and KD Qi deficiency
• Caution: Overdose ma'l cause dizziness, vertigo, bland taste, and reduced a11petite
• Caution: with Yin deficiency, modify to protect the Yin from further injury

Biomedically-defined disorders:
• acute/chronic nephritis, chronic renal failure, congestive heart failure, ascites from liver
cirrhosis, Meniere's disease, infectious hepatitis, gastroptosis, gastrectasis, acute
gastroenteritis, acute enteritis, genitourinary infections, neurogenic bladder syndrome, and
hydrocele
 24. ZHU LING TANG (Polyporus Decoction) 4 Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Zhu ling sweet, bland sl cool SP KD UB 3g Zhu ling Reinforces function ing of water pathways and promotes urination
king
Fu ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 3g Fu ling Promotes urination, benefits the SP, and harmonizes the ST
Ze Xie sweet, bland cold KD UB 3g Ze Xie deputy Promotes urination, unblocks the deep parts of water pathways
Hua Shi sweet, bland cold ST UB 3g Hua Shi assistant Clears heat and unblocks painful urinary dysfunction
E Jiao sweet neutral KD LV LU 3g E Jiao envoy A moist herb that enriches yin and prevents excessive urination

Actions 4 Modifications
• Induces diuresis 1. severe thirst from Yin deficiency: + Sha Shen, Tian Hua Fen
• Clear heat and nourish the Yin/fluids and stop bleeding 2. bloody painful urinary dysfunction: + Ba i Mao Gen, Qu Mai, Xiao Ji
3. hot painful urinary dysfunction: + Zhi Zi, Bian Xu
Indications· Water and Heat retention in UB with KD Yin iniurv causing urinarv difficulty
4 Associated Formulas
Signs & urinar:t difficult:t accompanied by fever and thirst with a desire to drink. There
• Shen Shi Zhu Ling Tang
Symptoms may also be diarrhea, cough, nausea, irritabilit:t, or insomnia
• Zhu Ling Tang
Tongue red + dry, :tellow coating
Pulse thready, ra pid 4 Identification of Patterns

Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Deficiency + Excess I Yang

Shang Han Lun Yang Ming, Shao Yin
Cautions & Contraindications
• none noted in Bensky Wen Bing Lun Qi level
Zang Fu LU, SP, ST, KD, UB
Biomedically-defined disorders: Five Elements not applicable
• upper or lower urinar:t tract infection and hemorrhagic shock
4 Comparison
• Zhu Li ng Tang vs. Ba Zheng Sa n c 518
• Zhu Ling Tang vs . Wu Ling San c 518
• Zhu Ling Tang vs . Wu Ling Sa n vs. Wu Pi San c 518

4 CASE: Andrea, 30-year-old fema le; Andrea complains of difficult urination that can be either
very dark yellow or bloody at times. This began immediately after she gave birth to her baby
six weeks ago. She also presents with a low-grade fever in the afternoon w ith restlessness,

,m
)C insomnia, conti nual thirst and low energy. Her tongue is red with a peeled coating, and her
pulse is thready and rapid.
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25. WU PI SAN (Five Peel Powder) ... Hierarchy and Functions
.,
Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Functions 0
Sang Bai Pi sweet cold LU SP l Sg Sang Bai Pi Promotes urination by direct ing LU qi down and open ing up water path ::a
3:
Sheng Jiang Pi acrid cool LU SP ST 6g Sheng Jiang Pi Transforms dampness and disperses edema, disperses and descends LU Qi c
Leaches out dampness, promotes urination, and strengthens the SP
Fu ling Pi
Chen Pi
Da Fu Pi
sweet, bland
acrid, bitter
acrid
neutral
warm, aromat ic
sl warm
HT SP LU
LU SP ST
Ll 51 SP ST
l Sg
9g
lSg
Fu ling Pi
Chen Pi
Da Fu Pi
Perform the smoot h f low qi to make the f luids flows
Perform the smooth flow qi to make t he fl uids flows
E
Actions ... Modifications
• Promote urination and drain dampness to reduce edema 1. externally-contracted wind w ith edema above waist: + Fang Feng, Zi Su Ye, Jing Jie, Bai Zhi
• Regulate Qi and Strengthens the SP 2. damp lodged in the U with edema below the waist: + Han Fang Ji, Che Qian Zi
3. damp-heat lodged in the U with edema below the waist: + Hua Shi, Che Qian Zi, Vi Yi Ren
Indications· SP Qi deficiency with excessive dampness causim~ skin edema· Pi Shui syndrome 4. internal damp-cold: + Gan Jiang, Fu Zi
5. severe abdominal distention: + Lai Fu Zi, Hou Po
generalized edema with a sensation of heaviness, distent ion, and fullness in
Signs & 6. marked signs of SP deficiency: + Dang Shen, Bai Zhu
the e~;>igastrium and abdomen, labored and heavy breathing, urinact difficulty;
Symptoms 7. constipation due to accumulation in the stomach/intestines: + Da Huang, Zhi Shi
generalized edema during ~regnanc'{
8. edema due to pregnancy: + Yu M i Xu
Tongue white, greasy coat ing 9. edema: + Dong Gua Pi, Che Qian Cao, Huang Qi
Pulse submerged, moderate
... Associated Formulas
e Wu Pi Yin
Cautions & Contraindications e Qi Pi Yin
• Caution: severe SP deficiency (Although this is a relatively mild formula, SP-tonifying herbs
should be added.) ... Identification of Patterns

Biomedically-defined disorders: Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Def iciency I Yin

• edema from ~;> regnan c'{, protein-def iciency edema, ascites from cirrhosis, congestive heart Shang Han lun not applicable
fa ilure, urtica ria, and menopausa l edema. For chronic glomerulonephritis, larger dosage Wen Bing lun not applicable
(betw een 30-GOg) of t he ingredients may be prescribed. Zang Fu SP deficiency
Five Elements Earth not generat ing Metal

... Comparison
• Wu Pi San vs. Wu Ling San vs. Zhu Li ng Tang c 518

... CASE: Samant ha, 30-year-old female; She has generalized edema, abdominal f ullness, breathing
difficulty, and difficulty during urination. Her tongue coati ng is white greasy and her pulse is
deep and moderate.
 26. ZHEN WU TANG {True Warrior Decoction) 4 Hierarchy and Functions
Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions
Fu Zi acrid hot, toxic HT KD SP 9g Fu Zi king Restores KD yang and resume their function of transforming water
Bai Zhu bitter, sweet warm SP ST 6g Bai Zhu Strengthen SP and promote urination
deputy
Fu Ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 9g Fu Ling Strengthen SP and promote urination
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 9g Sheng Jiang Disperses LU qi, warms the ST, and dispels the pathogenic water
assistant
Bai Shao bitter, sour cool LV SP 9g Bai Shao Preserves the yin and alleviates pain, prevents the dry, hot herbs

Actions 4 Modifications
• Warm the Yang to promote urination and drain damp 1. more pronounced SP Yang deficiency with diarrhea: - Bai Shao, + Gan Jiang
2. coughing: + Wu Wei Zi, Xi Xin, Gan Jiang
3. frequent urination: - Fu Ling
Indications
4. palpitation due to source Qi deficiency: + Ren Shen
(1) : KD and SP Yanl! deficiency causinl! water retention 5. palpitation, wheezing, or coughing with copious, watery sputum: + Xi Xin, Wu Wei Zi
6. unremitting spontaneous sweating due to Yang deficiency and instability of the exterior: +
abdominal (1ain which is aggravated b:t cold, urinar:t difficult:t, and dee(1 aching Ren Shen, Huang Qi, Wu We i Zi
Signs &
and heaviness in the extremities. There may also be generalized edema, loose 7. vomiting due to pathogenic water retention in the ST with no signs of U dysfunction: - Fu
Symptoms
stools, dizziness, a heav:t sensation in the head, (1a1(1itations, coughing, vomiting Zi (to avoid irritation of ST), 1'Sheng Jiang
8. painful obstruction of the chest: + Gua Lou Ren, Xie Bai, Gui Zhi, Dan Shen
Tongue (1ale or (1Ur(11e swollen wL tooth marks + white, sli(1(1er:t coating
9. improper purging which has injured the SP Yang and caused abdominal distention: + Hou
Pulse submerged, thread:t, and forceless Po, Cao Dou Kou, Ze Xie
10. leukorrhea due to damp-cold: + Gui Zhi, Dang Shen
11. urinary difficulty, aching and heaviness in the extremities, and edema: + Wu Ling San, or +
(2) 0 veruse of d'ra~ ho resis in Tai Yanl! syndromes causinl! palpitation & shiverinl! Fang Ji Huang Qi Tang
12. edema due to chronic nephrotic syndrome: + Dang Shen, Sha Ren, Du Zhong, Tu Si Zi, Yin
Signs & fever, (1a1(1itations in the epigastrium, dizziness, shivering and trembling w ith an Yang Huo
Symptoms unsteady appearance 13. edema due to chronic heart failure with Yang deficiency: + Che Qian Zi, Ze Xie, Guang
Fang Ji
Tongue white, slippery coating 14. ascites due to liver cirrhosis with SP and KD Yang deficiency: + Dang Shen, Huang Qi, Ba Ji
Pulse submerged, thready, and forceless Tian, Hu Lu Ba, Lu Jiao
15. rheumatoid arthritis: + Gui Zhi, Dang Shen
16. chronic bronchitis with SP and KD Yang deficiency: Sheng Jiang -7 Gan Jiang
Cautions & Contraindications
• none noted in Bensky 4 Associated Formulas
• Fu Zi Tang
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• chronic ne(1hritis, rheumatic valvular heart disease, congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis or 4 Identification of Patterns
other chronic hepatic disorders and other causes of edema and ascites, chronic enteritis, Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin
intestinal tuberculosis and other causes of chronic diarrhea, Meniere's diseases, primary Shang Han Lun Shao Yin - cold pattern
hypertension, primary hyperaldosteronism, hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
bronchitis
Zang Fu SP and KD Yang deficiency
Five Elements Mingmen (fire) not generating SP (earth)

,m
>C
4
•
Comparison
Zhen Wu Tang vs. Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan vs. Si Ni Tang c 535
!!.
cDl 4 CASE: Charlotte, 60-year-old fema le; Charlotte came for whole body edema with heaviness
,
3 and a sense of coldness in her limbs along with difficulty in respiration. This condition though
chronic was recently made worse with the onset of winter. She also communicates to you that
she has been having palpitations, a heavy feeling in the chest, cough with mucus that is clear
and thin, scanty clear urine, loose stools and a poor appetite. Her tongue is pa le with smooth
-<
:r white moss, and a deep, weak, thready pulse.
m
a.
~ Cl'l
3 """'
Dl Cl'l
,m><
!!.
Cl
27. DU HUO Jl SHENG TANG (Angelica Pubescens & Sangjisheng Decoction)
Channels
... Hierarchy and Functions

Hierarchy
.,
Ill Ingredient Taste Temperature Dosage Ingredient Functions 0
,3 Du Huo bitter, acrid warm KD UB 9g Du Huo king Expels wind-cold-damp from lower burner, bones, & sinews
Expels W-C-D from channels, sinews & bones to stop pain
::a
1:
Xi Xin acrid warm LU KD 6g Xi Xin c
Fang Feng
Qin Jiao
acrid, sweet
bitter, acrid
sl warm
sl cold
UB LV SP
GB LV ST
6g
6g
Fang Feng
Qin Jiao
deputy Expels wind and overcomes dampness
Relaxes the sinews and expels wind and dampness
~
tA
Sang Ji Sheng bitter neutral KD LV 6g Sang Ji Sheng Expels wind-damp and tonifies LV and KD
Du Zhong sweet, sl acrid warm KD LV 6g Du Zhong assistant 1 Expels wind-damp and tonifies LV and KD
Niu Xi bitter, sour neutral LV KD 6g Niu Xi Expels wind-damp and tonifies LV and KD I envoy: guiding
Rou Gui acrid, sweet hot HT KD LV SP 6g Rou Gui assistant 2 Warms and unblocks the channels, and fortifies the yang
Dang Gui sweet, acrid, bitter warm HT LV SP 6g Dang Gui Nourishes and invigorates the blood
Chuan Xiong acrid warm LV GB PC 6g Chuan Xiong Nourishes and invigorates the blood
assistant 3
Sheng Di Huang sweet, bitter cold HT LV KD 6g Sheng Di Huang Nourishes and invigorates the blood
Bai Shao bitter, sour cool LV SP 6g Bai Shao Nourishes and invigorates the blood
Ren Shen sweet, sl bitter sl warm LU SP 6g Ren Shen Strengthens the SP
assistant 4
Fu Ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 6g Fu Ling Strengthens the SP
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 6g Zhi Gan Cao envoy Tonifies the middle qi and harmonizes the other herbs

Actions ... Modifications

• Dispel Wind-Cold-Damp and relieve pain 1. severe pain: + Bai Hua She, Di Long, Hong Hua
• Nourish Qi and Blood and tonify Liver and Kidney 2. severe cold: + Fu Zi, Gan Jiang
3. severe dampness: + Guang Fang Ji, Cang Zhu
--
Indications· W CD causing chronic Bi syndrome with LV/KD deficiency and Qi/Biood deficiency 4. signs of only mild deficiency: - Ren She, Bai Shao, Sheng Di Huang
5. sequelae of poliomyelitis: + San Qi, Wei Ling Xian, Mu Gua
heavy and [>ainful sensations at fixed locations in the lower back and lower
Signs & extremities accompanied by weakness and stiffness, an aversion to cold and
... Associated Formulas
Symptoms attraction to warmth, [>al[>itations, shortness of breath. There may be
• San Bi Tang
paresthesias or numbness
• Da Qin Jiao Tang
Tongue Qale + white coating • Da Fang Feng Tang
Pulse thready, weak, slow • Shu Feng Huo Xue Tang

... Identification of Patterns

Cautions & Contraindications
• none noted in Bensky Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency + Excess I Yin
Shang Han Lun not applicable
Biomedically-defined disorders: Wen Bing Lun not applicable
• osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic lower back Qain, sciatica, and seque lae of Zang Fu LV and KD deficiency
poliomyelitis Five Elements Water and Wood deficiency

... Comparison
• Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang vs. Xiao Huo Luo Dan c 564

... CASE: Jennifer, 58-yea r-o ld female ; As you observe Jennifer enter your office, she is holding
her back and is slightly sl umped as she walks. Not surprisingly she expresses how she ha s had
low back pain for over five years. The pain was low and constant but becomes bothersome
during cold or rainy days, on these days she uses a heating pad to good effect. She sometimes
feels weakness in her knees both at rest as well as during activity. Her tongue is pale, coated
white, and her pulse is thready and feeble.
 ~ COMPARISON ~

CD PING WEI SAN & L1 ZHONG WAN @ HUO XIANG ZHENG Ql SAN & REN SHEN BAI DU SAN

PING WEI SAN Ll ZHONG WAN HUO XIANG ZHENG Ql SAN REN SHEN BAI DU SAN
•Cang Zhu •Gan Jiang •Huo Xiang • Qiang Huo
•Hou Po • Ren Shen •Hou Po • Du Huo
• Chen Pi • Bai Zhu • Chen Pi • Chuan Xiong
Ingredients
• Zhi Gan Cao • Zhi Gan Cao • Zi Su Ye • Chai Hu
• Sheng Jiang • Bai Zhi • Bo He
• Da Zao • Ban Xia • Zhi Ke
Ingredients • Da Fu Pi • Jie Geng
Dui-Yao • Cang Zhu + Hou Po • Gan Jiang + Ba i Zhu • Bai Zhu • Qian Hu
• Fu Ling • Sheng Jiang
•J ie Geng • Ren Shen
Middle Jiao
• Zhi Gan Cao • Fu Ling
Indications • Sheng Jiang • Gan Cao
Cold-Damp Deficient Cold • Da Zao

poor appetite, loose stool, indigestion, abdominal distension, nausea/vomiting Wind-Cold + Damp
Symptoms Indications
abdominal pain alleviated by Exterior (Win d-Cold) Exterior (Wind-Cold-Damp)
heavy limbs warmth and pressure
+ Interior (Damp) + Interior (Qi deficiency)
RN12, ST36
Acupuncture CD white greasy coating, ® soft pulse
SP9 SP3 Symptoms
vomiting, diarrhea chills, fever, bodyache

(2) PING WEI SAN & HUO XIANG ZHENG Ql SAN @ BA ZHENG SAN & LONG DAN XIE GAN TANG

PING WEI SAN HUO XIANG ZHENG Ql SAN BA ZHENG SAN LONG DAN XIE GAN TANG

•Huo Xiang • M u Tong •Long Dan Cao

• Hou Po •Hua Shi • Huang Qin
•Cang Zhu
•Chen Pi • Che Qian Zi •Zhi Zi
• Hou Po
• Zi Su Ye • Qu Mai •Chai Hu
• Chen Pi
• Bai Zhi • Bian Xu • Mu Tong
• Zhi Gan Cao Ingredients
• Ban Xia • Zhi Zi • Che Qian Zi
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Fu Pi • Zhi Da Huang • Ze Xie
• Da Zao
• Bai Zhu • Deng Xin Cao • Sheng Di Huang
• Fu Ling • Gan Cao •Dang Gui
Ingredients
• Jie Geng • Gan Cao
• Zhi Gan Cao Common
herbs Mu Tong, Che Qian Zi, Gan Cao
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao
Acute Lin syndrome
Indications
0 Ping Wei San (Cang Zhu -+ Bai Zhu) UB Damp-Heat LV/ GB Damp-Heat
m 0 Er Chen Tang
,
><
RN3, UB28, SP9, SP6
!. Dampness in t he Middle Jiao Acupuncture
cI» Indications UB63 GB34, LV2
Interior Cold-Damp Exterior Wind-Cold + Interior Damp
,3
n
0
,3
..iii'
I»
c.n
0 ....
:II
"""'
 (5) BA ZHENG SAN & ZHU LING TANG r:J) WU LING SAN & ZHU LING TANG & WU PI SAN
"'I
BA ZHENG SAN ZHU LING TANG WU LING SAN ZHU LING TANG WU PI SAN 0
•Mu Tong
• Hua Shi
• Zhu Ling
•Fu Ling
•Ze Xie
• Fu Ling
•Zhu Ling
• Fu Ling
• Sang Bai Pi
• Sheng Jiang Pi
;c
n • Che Qian Zi • Ze Xie Ingredients • Zhu Ling • Ze Xie • Fu Ling Pi
0
3 Ingredients
• Qu Mai
• Bian Xu
• Hua Shi
• E Jiao
• Bai Zhu
• Gui Zhi
• Hua Shi
• E Jiao
• Chen Pi
• Da Fu Pi E
..iii'
'a
Dl
• Zhi Zi
•Zhi Da Huang
• Deng Xin Cao Functions
Warm Yang, promote
Promote diuresis, drain damp

0 • Gan Cao Nourish Yin, clear Heat Regu late Qi

:II Bladder Qi transformation
Common
herbs Hua Shi Water accumulation
Indications
Lin syndrome (Damp-Heat in the Lower Jiao) Dysfunction of Bladder's Heat accumulation causing SP Qi deficiency causing
Indications Qi transformation Yin deficiency Skin edema (Pi Shui)
Acute (excess) Chronic (Yin/fluids deficiency)

@ WU LING SAN & ZHU LING TANG

WU LING SAN ZHU LING TANG

• Ze Xie • Zhu Ling
• Fu Ling • Fu Ling
Ingredients •Zhu Ling • Ze Xie
• Bai Zhu • Hua Shi
• Gui Zhi •E Jiao
Common
herbs Ze Xie, Zhu Ling, Fu Ling

promote diuresis, drain damp

Functions
Strengthen SP, Warm Yang, Promote
Clear Heat, nourish Yin
Transforming function of UB Qi

water accumulation in Lower Jiao

Indications
possible external Wind-Cold injury to the Yin
(Taiyang Fu) (Yangming or Shaoyin)

difficult urination, fever, irritability, thirst, possible diarrhea,

Symptoms
vomiting_ immediately after drinking thirst with desire for water, insomnia,
water, (I) pale, ® floating or rolling (f) red, ® thready, rapid
 ~WARM INTERIOR COLD i!liL~U!Iil (82.1Xil ) ~ KING HERBS

CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY FORMULAS FORMULA KING HERBS

28 Li Zhong Wan 28 Li Zhong Wan Gan Jiang

I--
29 Warm Middle & Dispel Cold Wu Zhu Yu Tang 29 Wu Zhu Yu Tang Wu Zhu Yu
WARM INTERIOR
f--
30 COLD Da Jian Zhong Tang 30 Da Jian Zhong Tang Chuan Jiao (A.k.a,. Hua Jiao)
I--
31 Rescue Devastated Yang Si Ni Tang 31 Si Ni Tang Fu Zi

"'I
0
::a
~ 11
..3
I» ,..c
..."-c;·
)>
:I
en

.. Ul
...lo
CQ
ii
28. Ll ZHONG WAN (Regulate the Middle Pill)
.,
0
f:::!. :a
..
0 1:
c
1:
a:CL E
iD Actions
n • Warm the Middle Jiao and dispel cold severe vomiting: + Sheng Jiang
0
a: • Tonify Qi and strengthen SPIST 2. bleeding due to Yang deficiency: Gan Jiang -7 Pao Jiang, + Huang Qi, Dang Gui, E Jiao
3. palpitations: + Fu Ling
Indications
(1)· lt!fidencv Cold of SPJiaMil1'
!!':

Lian Li Tang
diarrhea with watery: stool, nausea and vomiting, no (1articular thirst, loss of
Signs &
a(1petite, abdominal pain that is relieved by: warmth and pressure, fatigue, • Gui
Ding Yu Li Zhong Tang
Symptoms
abdominal distention • Fu ZiFuLi LiZhong
Zhong Tang
• Zhi Shi Li ZhongWanWan
Tongue pale + white coating
• Li Zhong Hua Tan Wan
Pulse submerged, thready: • Gui
• Zhi Ren Shen Tang
(2): Middle Jiao deflcieJil tcm.t ·~ • Identification of Patterns
• bleeding due to SP Yang deficiency Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin
Signs & • chronic infantile convulsion due to SP and ST Yang deficiency Shang Han Lun Tai Yin
Symptoms • profuse salivation and predilection for spitting saliva after chronic illness not applicable
Wen Bing Lun
• chest Bi sy:ndrome due to Middle Jiao Yang deficiency cold Zang Fu SP & ST Yang deficiency with cold
Five Elements Earth
Cautions & Contraindications
• Contra: externally-contracted conditions with fever or Yin deficiency
• Caution: For sudden turmoil disorder, its use should be discontinued once the vomiting and Li Zhong Wan vs. Ping Wei San c 517
diarrhea have stopped.
• Li Zhong Wan vs. Wu Zhu Yu Tang c 524
• Li Zhong Wan vs. Da Jian Zhong Tang c 524
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• Li Zhong Wan vs. Si Jun Zi Tang c
c
534
• acute or chronic gastritis, gastric or duodenal ulcers, gastroptosis, irritable bowel syndrome,
• Li Zhong Wan vs. Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang
c
543
chronic colitis, chronic bronchitis, oral herpes, and functional uterine bleeding
• Li Zhong Wan vs. Si Shen Wan 554

• CASE: Tammy, 41-year-old female; Tammy reports that her menstrual flow is heavy, light red
color, and has no clots and lasts generally about 8-10 days. Since a spontaneous abortion she
has had abdominal pain that decreases with the application of warmth and pressure and nausea.
She also presents with reduced appetite, abdominal bloating, and chronic loose stool. Her pulse
is deep and week.
 29. WU ZHU YU TANG (Evodia Decoction) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Wu Zhu Yu acrid, bitter hot, sl toxic KD LV SP ST 9-12g Wu Zhu Yu king Warms ST, warms/soothes LV, and directs rebellious qi down
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 18g Sheng Jiang deputy Warms the ST and directs its qi downwards
Ren Shen sweet, sl bitter sl warm LU SP 9g Ren Shen assistant Strengthen the SP, generates the fluids and calms the spirit
Da Zao sweet neutral SP ST 12 pieces Da Zao envoy Moderates the acrid, drying properties, and tonifies qi

Actions "" Modifications

• Warm the Middle Jiao and tonify Qi 1. severe vomiting or morning sickness: + Ban Xia, Sha Ren
• Descend rebellious ST Qi to stop vomiting 2. severe headache: + Chuan Xiong, Dang Gui
3. severe cold: + Chuan Jiao, Gan Jiang
Indications 4. severe epigastric pain: + Dan Shen, Mu Xiang
(1)· ST (Vane: Mine:) deficiency cold· causine: rebellious Qi 5. palpitations and insomnia: + Dang Gui, Fu Ling
6. hernial disorders due to cold: + Fu Zi
Signs & vomiting immediatel't after eating, indeterminate gnawing hunger, and acid
Symptoms regurgitation with or without epigastric pain
"" Identification of Patterns
Tongue not red + white, sli[1[1ery coating
Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin
Pulse thready, slow or thready, wiry Shang Han Lun Jue Yin
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Zang Fu Cold in the LV and ST deficiency
Five Elements Wood overacting on Earth
dry heaves or S[1itting of clear fluids with headache at the vertex

"" Comparison
• Wu Zhu Yu Tang vs. Li Zhong Wan c S24
• Wu Zhu Yu Tang vs. Si Ni Tang c S24
vomiting and diarrhea with cold hands and feet, and agitation so severe that
the (:1atient wants to die "" CASE: Carol, 35-year-old female; She presents with a headache that began two months ago
and has become gradually more severe. The pain is frequently at the vertex of the head and
she reports that it worse in the cold. Further she states that she has nausea and occasional dry
Cautions & Contraindications heaves with clear vomitus which at times thereafter relieves the headache. Other clinical signs
• Contra: vomiting or acid regurgitation due to Heat include loose stool, cold hands and feet and strong dislike of cold. Her tongue is pale with
moist white coating, and her pulse is deep and wiry.
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• chronic gastritis, acute gastroenteritis, cholecystitis, morning sickness, neurogenic headache,
migraine headache, abdominal migraine, hypertension, trigeminal neuralgia, and Meniere's
disease

~
..
I»
3
....
::II
ID .,
..
c;· 0
::Ill
3!:
3!: cr-
ii: :J>
a. en
i
n Cll
0
a: ...N
:e
Ill
Ul
N
N
3
....
30. DA JIAN ZHONG TANG (Major Construct the Middle Decoction) 4 Hierarchy and Functions
;'
CD
Ingredient
Chuan Jiao
Taste
acrid
Temperature
hot, sl toxic
Channels
KD SP ST
Dosage
3-9g
Ingredient
Chuan Jiao
Hierarchy
king
Functions
Stimulates the yang, dispels cold, and alleviates the pain
""
0
::a
.
c;· Gan Jiang acrid hot HT LU SP ST 12g Gan Jiang deputy Reinforces the chief herb and also quiets the upsurge of cold qi
1:
c
Tonifies the middle qi, which ameliorates abdominal spasms
~
Ren Shen sweet, sl bitter sl warm LU SP 6g Ren Shen
assistant
Yi Tang sweet sl warm LU SP ST 18-30g Yi Tang Tonifies the middle qi, which ameliorates abdominal spasms en

Actions 4 Modifications
• Warm and tonify the Middle Jiao 1. roundworms: + Wu Mei, Bing Lang, Shi Jun Zi
• Descend rebellious ST Qi, relieve pain 2. strengthen the pain-relieving actions: + Dan Shen, Van Hu Suo, Mu Xiang
3. nausea: + Ban Xia, Sheng Jiang
-
Indications· Middle Jiao Yang deficiency (root) + vigorous Yin cold (manifestation) 4. numb hands and feet: + Gui Zhi

excruciating ep1gastnc and abdominal [1ain to the point that the [1atient cannot
Signs & 4 Identification of Patterns
tolerate being touched, a strong sensation of cold in the epigastrium, vomiting
Symptoms
to the point of being unable to eat. There may also be borbor.,gmus Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin
Shang Han lun not applicable
Tongue white, sli[1[1er'i coating
Wen Bing lun not applicable
Pulse thread'!', tense or slow, wir'i (or in es[1eciall'i severe cases, hidden)
Zang Fu SP & ST Yang deficiency
Five Elements Earth
Cautions & Contraindications
• Contra: internal clumping, Damp-Heat, or Yin and Blood deficiency 4 Comparison
• Da Jian Zhong Tang vs. Li Zhong Wan C 524
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, chronic pancreatitis, chronic cholecystitis, 4 CASE: Tim, a 10-year-old boy; His chief complaint is severe intermittent epigastric and
urinary calculi, intestinal spasms, and uncomplicated intestinal obstruction abdominal pain that can last up to five hours at a time . Tim's mother reports that he has
complained of this symptom for some time, and she suspects that he is losing weight. Upon
palpation his pain is so severe that he can't tolerate being touched, you notice at this time that
his hands are cold as well. Now he feels nauseous, vomits occasionally and has no interest in
food. His tongue has a white coat, and his pulse is wiry and slightly slow.
 31. 51 Nl TANG (Frigid Extremities Decoction) • Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Sheng Fu Zi acrid hot, toxic HT KD SP 1 piece (6-9g) Sheng Fu Zi king Warms and stimulates KD yang to reach the extremities
Gan Jiang acrid hot HT LU SP ST 4.5g Gan Jiang deputy Warms the middle burner and elim inates cold, strengthens SP
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 6g Zhi Gan Cao assistant Augments qi, strengthens SP, reduces toxicity and dryness

Actions: Warm the SP and KD, rescue devastated Yang • Modifications

1. intractable arthritis due to wind-dampness: + Rou Gui, Bai Zhu
Indications 2. edema or leukorrhea due to SP & KD deficient cold: + Dang Shen, Fu Ling, Ze Xie
(1) · KD Yang deficiency with cold evil in Shao Yin stage (Yin Jue syndrome)
• Associated Formulas
extremel:t cold extremities, aversion to cold, sleeQing with the knees drawn UQ,
Signs & • Si Ni Jia Ren Shen Tang
a lethargic state with a constant desire to sleeQ, vomiting, diarrhea with
Symptoms • Tong Mai Si Ni Tang
undigested food particles, abdominal Qain and cold, lack of thirst
• Bai Tong Tang
Tongue Qale + white, sliQQer:t coating • Hui Yang Jiu Ji Tang
Pulse submerged, thread:t or submerged, faint
• Identification of Patterns

(2) · Yang collapse syndrome

Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin
Shang Han Lun Shao yin - cold pattern
Signs & Qrofuse cold sweating, pale face, cold limbs, intolerance to cold, weak breath, Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Symptoms mental fatigue and somnolence, desire for warm water, sudden fainting Zang Fu HT and KD Yang deficiency
Tongue pale + white coating Five Elements Mingmen fire deficiency

Pulse minute
• Comparison

(3): True Cold + False Heat • Decoction should be taken cool • Si Ni Tang vs. Si Ni San c 507
• Si Ni Tang vs. Wu Zhu Yu Tang c 524
flushed face and irritabilit:t, desire for warm drinks, loose stool • Si Ni Tang vs . Zhen Wu Tang vs. Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan c 535

• CASE: Ava, 48-year-old female; Her hands, feet and knees are always cold. She sleeps with
her knees drawn up. She has no energy and is always sleepy. She has vomiting, undigested food
Cautions & Contraindications
• Contra: Yang Jue (cold limbs due to Qi stagnation) in diarrhea, abdominal pain, cold abdomen, and no thirst. Tongue is bland, wh ite and slippery.
Pulse is deep and weak.
• Contra: Blood deficiency
• Contra: True Heat + False Cold

Biomedically-defined disorders:
• acute m:tocardial infarction, cardiac insufficiency, vomiting and diarrhea due to acute and
chronic gastroenteritis, hypopituitarism, hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, and intractable
~ arthritis

3
....
:II
Ill

..c;·

U'l
N
w
 ~ COMPARISON ~

~::::!.
"ft
CD 0
0
Ll ZHONG WAN & WU ZHU YU TANG & DA JIAN ZHONG TANG & 51 Nl TANG
;c
"''
n
0
a
•Gan Jiang
•Ren Shen
E
"D •Yi Tang Cao
Ill
::::!. Common
herbs Gan Jiang, Ren Shen
Ill
0
:I Warm the Middle Jiao
Functions
Alleviate Pain Strengthen SP and ST

Abdominal pain due to deficiency Cold in the Middle Jiao

Indications 1-----------------,------------------j
Excess manifestation Deficiency manifestation

abdominal pain, ([) pale, white coating, ® slow

Symptoms
severe abdominal pain that is abdominal pain that is alleviated by
aggravated by touch warmth and touch
® WU ZHU YU TANG & Ll ZHONG WAN

!:;;;:,0;!;'' ,;~,,
Ingredients

Common
herbs
,;,;/;,,;,;\W,2'HU'·~,· ..........., ,•

··~-
•Sheng Jiang
•Ren Shen
•Da Zao

Ren Shen
·-
if,'t'. :\ r''"~:,. ,~i~·:i:~z .
•Ren Shen
•Bai Zhu
•Zhi Gan Cao

Warm interior and dispel Cold

····•·•· ••• , •.. !·.•!. . · . ; i.

Functions
Warm ST/LV/KD, descend rebellious Qi Warm SP/ST

Yang deficiency
Indications
ST, LV, KD Yang deficiency SP, ST Yang deficiency

KD/SP Yang deficiency or Yang collapse KD/ST deficiency with LV Qi rebellion

vomiting, diarrhea, cold limbs

Symptoms
somnolence irritability, severe mental agitation
 ~ KING HERBS

CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY FORMULAS Formula King Herbs

32 Si Jun Zi Tang 32 Si Jun Zi Tang Ren Shen

r--
33 Tonify Qi Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang 33 Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang Huang Qi
f--
34 Sheng Mai San 34 Sheng Mai San Ren Shen
f--
35 Tonify Blood Si Wu Tang 35 Si Wu Tang Shu Di Huang
- TONIFY
36 Gui Pi Tang 36 Gui Pi Tang Ren Shen, Huang Qi, Bai Zhu, Zhi Gan Cao
- Tonify Qi & Blood
37 Shi Quan Da Bu Tang 37 Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Ren Shen, Shu Di Huang
-
38 Tonify Yin Liu Wei Di Huang Wan 38 Liu Wei Di Huang Wan Shu Di Huang
-
39 Tonify Yang Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan 39 Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan Sheng Di Huang (-+ Shu Di Huang)

(II
N
(II
e-
32. Sl .JUN Zl TANG (Four Gentleman Decoction) • Hierarchy and Functions

1.~ 1i Channels f~
' .·. \ ··'·J· ,... ' '.; ,, ',,{; ' .. L cg
Ren Shen
Bai Zhu
sweet, sl bitter
bitter, sweet
sl warm
warm
LU
SP
SP
ST
3-9g
6-9g
Ren Shen
Bai Zhu
king
deputy
Powerful tonic for the SP qi, Dang Shen can be substituted
Strengthens the SP and dries dampness Ic
Fu Ung sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 6-9g Fu Ung assistant Leaches out damp, strengthens the SP, balance the Zhi Gan Cao
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 3-6g Zhi Gan Cao envoy Warms and regulates the middle burner, balance the Fu Ling E
Actions: Tonify Qi and strengthen SPIST • Modifications
1. indigestion, reduced appetite, abdominal distention, and weight loss: + Xiang Fu, Hou Po
Indications· SP .ami ST QJ defk:lencv 2. morning sickness: + Sha Ren, Chen Pi, Hou Po
3. edema during pregnancy: + Wu Pi Yin
Signs & Qallid comQiexion, low and soft voice, reduced aQQetite, loose stools, and
4. periodic paralysis: + Huang Qi, Mai Men Dong, Bai Zhi, Fang Feng
Symptoms weakness in the limbs
5. uterine fibroids: + E Zhu, San Leng, Niu Xi
Tongue ~
Pulse threadll andLor weak • Associated Formulas
• Yi Gong San
• Liu Jin Zi Tang
Cautions & Contraindications
• Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang
• Caution: Overuse mall result in a drv mouth, thirst, and irritabilitv • Xiang Sha Yang Wei Tang
• Contra: high fever, Heat from deficiency, or a combination of irritability, thirst, and
• Liu Shen San
constipation
• Gu Zhen Tang
• Bao Yuan Tang
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• neurasthenia, chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, irritable bowel syndrome, diabetes mellitus,
• Identification of Patterns
periodic paralysis, uterine fibroids, and to reduce the recovery time after gastric surgery
Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin
Shang Han Lun not applicable
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Zang Fu SP & ST Qi deficiency
Five Elements Earth

• Comparison
• Si Jun Zi Tang vs. Si Wu Tang vs. Shi Quan Da Bu Tang c 534
• Si Jun Zi Tang vs. Li Zhong Wan c 534

• CASE: Anthony, 45-year-old male; He has a pale face, weakness of voice, no appetite, loose
stool, and weakness of limbs. His tongue is bland, coating is thin and white, pulse is thready
and weak.
33. BU ZHONG VI Ql TANG (Tonify the Middle & Augment the Qi Decoction) • Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Huang Qi sweet sl warm LU SP l.S-3g (12-24g) Huang Qi king Strongly augments the qi and raises the yang qi of the SPIST
Ren Shen sweet, sl bitter sl warm LU SP 0.9g (9-12g) Ren Shen Strengthens the SP qi
Bai Zhu bitter, sweet warm SP ST 0.9g (9-12g) Bai Zhu deputy Strengthens the SP qi
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 1.5g (3-6g) Zhi Gan Cao Strengthens the SP qi
Dang Gui sweet, acrid, bitter warm HT LV SP 6g (6-12g) Dang Gui Tonifies qi in the blood, augments the qi by invigorating blood
assistant
Chen Pi acrid, bitter warm, aromatic LU SP ST 0.9g (6-9g) Chen Pi Facilitates the digestion of the tonifying herbs, moves the qi
Sheng Ma sweet, acrid cool L1 LU SP ST 0.9g (3-6g) Sheng Ma Raise the sunken yang qi in conjunction with the ch ief herb
envoy
Chai Hu bitter, acrid cool GB LV PC SJ 0.9g (3-9g) Chai Hu Raise t he sunken yang qi in conjunction with the chief herb

Actions • Modifications
• Tonify Qi, strengthen SP 1. abdominal pain: 1'Zhi Gan Cao, + Bai Shao (source text)
2. pronounced aversion to cold: + Rou Gui (source text)
• Raise the Yang to treat Qi collapse 3. pronounced headache: + Man Jlng Zi, if it becomes severe, also + Chuan Xiong (source text)
4. headache at the vertex or pain inside the head: + Gao Ben (source text)
Indications 5. severe pain: + Xi Xin (source text)
6. generalized pain or a heavy sensation in the body (both of which are due to damp): + Wu
(1)· SP & ST Qi deficiency causin~ intermittent low fever
Ling San, - Gui Zhi (source text)
7. diarrhea due to excessive deliberation: + Mu Xiang
intermittent fever (that worsens upon exertion), spontaneous sweating, aversion 8. vertigo and headache: + Chuan Xiong, Ban Xia
Signs & to cold, a thirst for warm beverages, shortness of breath, laconic s12eech, a 9. tinnitus and diminished hearing due to Qi deficiency (with a relatively low pitch): + Shan
Symptoms tendency to curl up, weak limbs, a shiny, 12ale com12lexion, loose and watery Zhu Yu, Yi Zhi Ren
10. diminished visual acuity or double vision: + Gou Qi Zi, Chuan Xiong
stools
11. recurrent miscarriage: + Du Zhong, Tu Si Zi
Tongue 12ale + thin, white coating 12. leukorrhea: + Cang Zhu, Huang Bai
13. abdominal distention: + Zhi Sh i, Hou Po, Mu Xiang, Sha Ren
flooding, deficient pulse in general, or a deficient, rootless 12ulse at the middle 14. hernial disorders: + Ju He, Xiao Hui Xiang, Li Zh i He
Pulse 15. constipation: + Honey, Sesame oil
12osition on the right
16. painful urinary difficulty in the elderly due to sunken Yang Qi: + Ze Xie, Mu Tong
17. premenstrual diarrhea: + Pao Jiang, Huang Lian
18. enuresis in children: + Sang Piao Xiao, Yi Zhi Ren
19. chronic rhinitis: + Cang Er Zi, Xin Yi Hua
20. corneal ulcers: + Gu Jing Cao, Jue Ming Zi, Shan Yao
12rola12se of the rectum or uterus, chronic diarrhea, chronic dysenteric
disorders, incontinence, and bleeding disorders • Associated Formulas
• Jia Jian Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang • Tiao Zhong Yi Qi Tang
• Sheng Yang Yi Wei Tang • Ju Yuan Jian
Cautions & Contraindications • Sheng Xian Tang • Yi qi Cong Ming Tang
• Contra: fever due to heat from Yin deficiency
• Identification of Patterns
• Contra: This formula is not indicated in all instances of prolapse
Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin

Biomedically-defined disorders: Shang Han Lun not applicable

• debility in the aftermath of a severe illness, chronic bronchitis, first or second degree Wen Bing Lun not applicable
12rola12sed uterus, 12rola12sed rectum, gastric 12rolapse, recurrent miscarriage, functional uterine Zang Fu SP & ST deficiency
bleeding, leukorrhea, postpartum problems (including urinary incontinence, lochioschesis, and Five Elements Earth
insufficient lactation), chronic hepatitis, corneal ulcers, cerebral arteriosclerosis, pernicious
anemia, leukopenia, chronic nephritis, and myasthenia gravis • Comparison
• Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang vs. Gui Pi Tang C 534

• CASE: Mary, 35-year-old female; Mary has had a low-grade fever of 99.7"F for over two "TT
months duration. Though it onsets primarily in the morning, it is also brought on through 0
;a
exertion. Her other symptoms include spontaneous sweating, shortness of breath and chronic
loose stool. She feels thirsty and prefers warm drinks. Her tongue is somewhat pale, and her c==
pulse is weak.
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34. SHENG MAl SAN (Generate the Pulse Powder) ... Hierarchy and Functions
"'I
lng~ Taste Te-~re Channels DO$age lngrediHf:·. ·'~y Func:t~n~ r ...•...• i ;.·.·· • /. (> ;r .·,· · • • · • 0
Ren Shen
Mal Men Dong
sweet, sl bitter
sweet, sl bitter
sl warm
sl cold
LU SP
HT LU ST
l.Sg (9-lSg)
l.Sg (9-12g)
Ren Shen
Mal Men Dong
king
deputy
Strongly tonifies source qi, generates fluids and calms spirit
Nourishes the LU and ST yin, clears heat from the HT
Ic
Wu Wei Zi sour warm HT KD LU 7 seeds (3-Gg) Wu Wei Zi assistant Restrains the leakage of LU qi and sweats, generates fluids
E
Actions ... Modifications
• Tonify Qi and Nourish Yin 1. profuse sweating with dark, scanty, and difficult urination: + Huang Qi, Dang Gui (Don't use
• Stop sweating and promote body fluids herbs that leach out dampness)
2. severe coughing: + Kuan Dong Hua, Bai He
Indications· Conc:urrent
""----' Dl'1lnaril\t mthe
Qi and Y"m deficienCY; LU 3.
4.
irritability with relatively severe insomnia: + Suan Zao Ren, He Huan Pi
marked palpitations: + Gui Zhi, Long Gu, Mu Li
Signs & shortness of breath, s12ontaneous sweating, a dr',' mouth and tongue; chronic
5. coronary artery disease: + Zhi Gan Cao, Dan Shen, Hong Hua, Chi Shao
Symptoms cough with Sj2arse Sj2utum that is difficult to ex12ectorate
Tongue 12ale, red + dr',', thin coating ... Associated Formulas
Pulse deficient, raj2id or deficient, thread',' • Jia Jian Sheng Mai San

... Identification of Patterns

Cautions & Contraindications
• Caution: high fever Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Deficiency I Yin
• Caution: unresolved j2athogenic influence, or has ','et to injure the fluids Shang Han Lun not applicable
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Biomedically-defined disorders: Zang Fu HTILU Qi and Yin deficiency
• chronic bronchitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, supraventricular arrhythmias, rheumatic heart Five Elements Metal and Fire
disease, coronar'i arter'i disease, and post-bypass debility, summer-heat stroke, heat-stroke.
In modern China preparations of this formula are often administered via intravenous drip as ... Comparison
part of the treatment for hemorrhagic or cardiogenic shock. • Sheng Mai San vs. Bei Mu Gua Lou San c 571

... CASE: Jody, 59-year-old male; One year ago, Jody had a heart attack. Currently he presents
with chest pain and shortness of breath especially after any activity. He also complains of cough
with scanty sputum that he states is difficult to cough up, some spontaneous night sweating,
and a dry mouth. His tongue is pale with a thin dry coating, and his pulse is feeble and
thready.
 35. 51 WU TANG (Four Substance Decoction) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Functions

Shu Di Huang sweet sl warm HT KD LV 9-21g Shu Di Huang Very strong tonifying effect on the LVIKD, nourish the yin of the blood
Bai Shao bitter, sour cool LV SP 9-15g Bai Shao Tonifies the blood and preserves the yin, a strong tonic for LV blood
Dang Gui sweet, acrid, bitter warm HT LV SP 9-12g Dang Gui Tonifies and invigorate the blood, nourishes the yang of blood
Chuan Xiong acrid warm LV GB PC 3-6g Chuan Xiong Invigorate the blood and promote the movement of qi

Actions ... Modifications

• Nourish and move Blood 1. restless fetus disorder with continuous bleeding from vagina: + Ai Ye, E Jiao (source text)
• Regu late menstruation and stop pain 2. signs of heat: Shu Di Huang ~ Sheng Di Huang
3. predominance of blood stasis: Bai Shao ~ Chi Shao
Indications· Blood deficiency with Blood stagnation 4. blood deficiency and cold in the womb: + Ai Ye, Xiang Fu
5. short menstrual cycle with steaming bone fever which worsens early in the evening: + Di
dizziness, blurred vision, lusterless com(:11exion and nails, generalized muscle
Gu Pi, Mu Dan Pi
tension, irregular menstruation with little flow or amenorrhea, periumbilical and
Signs &
lower abdom inal r:1ain . Also used for menorrhagia, hard abdominal masses with
Symptoms ... Associated Formulas
recurrent pain, restless fetus disorder, or lochioschesis with a firm and (:1ainful
• San Huang Si Wu Tang
abdomen and S£:10radic fever and chil ls
• Wen Qing Yin
Tongue ~ • Sheng Yu Tang
Pulse thread)!, wiry or thread)!, ch0£:1£:11! • Guo Qi Yin
• Qin Lian Si Wu Tang
• Tao Hong Si Wu Tang
Cautions & Contraindications
• Bu Gan Tang
• Contra: treating acute, severe blood loss or other problems of Blood deficiency which
• Yu Zhu San
include severe weakness and labored breathing.
• Ai Fu Nuan Gong Wan
• Caution: SP Yang deficiency with a poor appetite and loose stools
• Jia Wei Si Wu Tang

Biomedically-defined disorders:
• Dang Gui Ji Xue Teng Tang

• primary dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation, anemia of various etiologies, threatened ... Identification of Patterns
miscarriage, postpartum weakness, insufficient lactation, urticaria, and neurogenic headache
Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin
Shang Han Lun not applicable
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Zang Fu LV and HT Blood deficiency
Five Elements Wood and Fi re

... Comparison
• Si Wu Tang vs. Xiao Yao San c 534
• Si Wu Tang vs. Si Jin Zi Tang vs. Shi Quan Da Bu Tang c 534

... CASE: Madison, 45-year-old female; She has blurry eyes, poor vision, dizziness, lusterless
complexion, hands, and nails. Her muscles are not soft. She has irregular menstruation (scanty
menstruation or ammenorrhea ), pain around umbilicus. Her tongue is pale and pu lse is thready.

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36. GUI PI TANG (Restore the Spleen Decoction)
Ingredient Temperature Channels
4 Hierarchy and Functions

Hierarchy
.,
Taste Dosage Ingredient Functions 0
Ren Shen sw eet , sl bitter sl warm LU SP 15g {3-6g) Ren Shen Very powerful herb for tonifying the SP qi ::a
LU SP Very powerful herb for tonifying the SP qi
i::
Huang Qi sweet sl warm 30g (9-12g) Huang Qi
king c
bitter, sweet
~
Bai Zhu warm SP ST 30g (9-12g) Bai Zhu Strengthens the SP and dries dampness
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 7.5g (3-6g) Zhi Gan Cao Tonifies the SP and augments qi en
Dang Gui sweet, acrid, bitter warm HT LV SP 30g (6-9g) Dang Gui Tonifies the blood and regulates the menses
Long Van Rou sweet warm HT SP 30g (6-9g) Long Van Rou Root the spirit by tonifying the blood and calming spirit
deputy
Suan Zao Ren sour, sweet neutral GB HT LV SP 30g (9-12g) Suan Zao Ren Calms the spirit
Zhi Yuan Zhi bitter, acrid sl warm HT LU 30g (3-6g) Zhi Yuan Zhi Calms the spirit by facilitating the flow of qi in the HT
Fu Ling (Fu Shen) sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 30g (9-12g) Fu Ling (Fu Shen) Calms the spirit, reinforces the SP-tonifying act ion
assistant
Mu Xiang acrid, bitter warm GB Ll SP ST 15g {3-6g) Mu Xiang Regulates the qi and revives the SP
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 5 pieces Sheng Jiang Improves appetite and regulates nutritive & prot ective qi
envoy
Da Zao sweet neutral SP ST 1 piece Da Zao Improves appetite and regulates nutritive & protective qi

Actions 4 Modifications
• Tonify Qi and nourish Blood 1. numbness in the upper extremities: + Qiang Huo, Ch uan Xiong
• Strengthen SP and nourish HT 2. numbness in the lower back and lower extremities: + Wei Ling Xian, Du Huo, Niu Xi
3. painful menstruation with clots in the blood: + Yu Jin,. Xiang Fu
Indications 4. very dark menstrual blood: + Hong Hua, Mu Dan Pi, Zhi Zi
(1) · SP Qi & HT Blood deficiency causinl!: insomnia 5. menstruation that suddenly changes volume and flows continuously: + Shan Zhu Yu, Wu Wei
Zi
forgetfulness, QaiQitation (wl or wlo anxiety), insomnia, dream disturbed sleeQ,
Signs &
anxiety and phobia, feverishness, withdrawal, reduced aQQetite, a Qallid and
Symptoms 4 Associated Formulas
wan comQiexion
• Gu Ben Zhi Beng Tang
Tongue Qale + thin, wh ite coating
Pulse thread.,, weak 4 Identification of Patterns

Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin

(2)· SP deficiency causinl!: chronic bleedinl!: Shang Han Lun not applicable
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Chronic bleeding S'[ndromes may also be part of the presentation. Women may Zang Fu HT and SP deficiency
Signs & experience ea rly penods With COQious, Qale blood or Qrolonged, almost
Five Elements Fire and Earth deficiency
Symptoms continuous Qeriods with little flow, leukorrhea. bloody stool, subcutaneous
bleeding
4 Comparison
• Gui Pi Tang vs. Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang c 534
Cautions & Contraindications • Gui Pi Ta ng vs. Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan vs. Suan Zao Ren Tang c 559
• none noted in Bensky
4 CASE: Maria, 29-year-old female; Maria has had insomnia for two years w hich has become
Biomedically-defined disorders: very bothersome this last week. Maria is a full t ime TCM student. She feels t hat school is very
• neurasthenia or personality disorders, postconcussion syndrome, myasthenia gravis, congestive stressful and her insomnia and anxiety get worse during midterm and final exams. She reports
heart disease, supraventricular tachycardia, anemia (especia lly from chronic disease), heavy dreams and yet her sleep feels light. Her other symptoms include fatigue, loss of appetite,
t hrombocytopenic or allergic purpura, cervicitis, and functional uterine bleeding. forgetfu lness and occasional palpitations. Her tongue is pa le with a thin wh ite coating, and her
pulse is thready and weak.
 37. SHI QUAN DA BU TANG (All Inclusive Great Tonifying Decoction) 4 Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Ren Shen sweet, sl bitter sl warm LU SP 6-9g Ren Shen king Augments the qi
Bai Zhu bitter, sweet warm SP ST 9-12g Bai Zhu Strengthens the SP and dries or leach-out dampness
deputy 1
Fu ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 12-1Sg Fu ling Strengthens the SP and dries or leach-out dampness
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 3-6g Zhi Gan Cao assistant 1 Augments the qi and harmonizes the middle burner
Shu Di Huang sweet sl warm HT KD LV 15-18g Shu Di Huang king Nourishes the blood
Bai Shao bitter, sour cool LV SP 12-1Sg Bai Shao Nourishes blood and thereby reinforce the action of Shu Di
deputy 2
Dang Gui sweet, acrid, bitter warm HT LV SP 12-1Sg Dang Gui Nourishes blood and thereby reinforce the action of Shu Di
Chuan Xiong acrid w arm LV GB PC 6-9g Chuan Xiong assistant 2 Invigorat es the blood and promotes the movement of qi
Rou Gui acrid, sweet hot HT KD LV SP 6-9g Rou Gui Tonifies t he yang, warms mingmen fire, dispels cold
deputy 3
Huang Qi sweet sl warm LU SP 15-18g Huang Qi Tonifies the original qi, relieves fatigue
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 3 pieces Sheng Jiang Regulat e STI SP, harmonizes the protective and nutritive qi
envoy
Da Zao sweet neutral SP ST 2 pieces Da Zao Regulate STISP, harmonizes t he protective and nutritive qi

Actions: Tonify Qi + Nourish Blood + Warm Yang 4 Modifications and Associated Formulas

Indications· Qi and Blood deficiency with mild deficient cold 4 Identification of Patterns

Qi and Blood deficiency in consum[Jtive disorders with coughing, reduced Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin
Signs & Shang Han lun not applicable
a[J[Jetite, S[Jermatorrhea, and weakness of the lower extremities. May also
Symptoms
include sores that refuse to heal, or continuous S[lOtting from uterine bleeding Wen Bing lun not applicable
Zang Fu SP Qi, LV Blood and KD Yang deficiency
Tongue pa le, dusky with thin, white coating
Five Elements not applicable
Pulse thready, weak, deep, possibly slow

4 Comparison
Cautions & Contraindications • Shi Quan Da Bu Tang vs. Si Jun Zi Tang vs. Si Wu Tang c 534
• none noted in Bensky
4 CASE: Charlotte, 20-year-old fema le; She states t hat she had a miscarriage with profuse
Biomedically-defined disorders: bleeding two years ago. Since that time she has suffered from dizziness wh ich worsens during
• none noted in Bensky the day, heart palpitations and insomnia with some nightmares that wake her up. Other
symptoms include fatigue and sweating after exertion, shortness of breath, poor appetite and
cold extremities. Her face looks pale. Her tongue is pale with moist white coating, and her pulse
is weak and slow.

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38. LIU WEI Dl HUANG WAN (Six Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia)
"'1'1
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E

Actions: Nourish Liver and Kidney Yin

severe depletion of the fluids with heat signs: Shu Di Huang -7 Sheng Di Huang
2. wasting and thirsting disorder: - Ze Xie, + Tian Hua Fen (at least 30g when prepared as a
decoction)
soreness and weakness in the lower back, light-headedness, vertigo, tinnitus,
3. childhood nutritional impairment with abdominal distention and loose, watery stools: - Shu
diminished hearing, night sweats, s1;1ontaneous and nocturnal emissions. The
Signs & Di Huang, + Bai Zhu, Ji Nei Jin, Sha Ren
patient may also present with a variety of other symptoms including hot 1;1alms
Symptoms 4. optic neuritis, optic nerve atrophy, or central retinitis: + Chai Hu, Dang Gui, Wu Wei Zi
and soles, a chronic dry and sore throat, toothache, or wasting and thirsting
disorder
Tongue red + little coating Du Qi Wan
Pulse thready, ra1;1id • Qi Ju Di Huang Wan: + Gou Qi Zi, Ju Hua
• Zhi Bai Di Huang Wan: + Zhi Mu, Huang Bai
• Mai Wei Di Huang Wan: + Mai Men Dong, Wu Wei Zi (=Ba Xian Chang Shou Wan)
Cautions & Contraindications • Jia Wei Liu Wei Di Huang Wan
• Caution: indigestion, diarrhea due to SP Qi deficiency • Er Long Zuo Ci Wan
• Caution: white, greasy tongue coating • Dang Gui Di Huang Yin
• Ba Wei Di Huang Wan
Biomedically-defined disorders: • Ming Mu Di Huang Wan
• neurasthenia, pulmonary tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, hy1;1erthyroidism, chronic nephritis,
chronic glomerulonephritis, urinary tract infection, hypertension, failure to thrive, functional
uterine bleeding, optic neuritis, optic nerve atrophy, and central retinitis.
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Deficiency I Yin
Shang Han Lun Shao Yin - Heat pattern
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
lang Fu KD Yin deficiency
Five Elements Water

ANALYSIS
' ;(!' ,;:' ,\;; ',',,
,SO>"",,, !';;!' tiV'' " SP • Liu Wei Di Huang Wan vs. Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang C 496
3 TONIFY Shu Di Huang Shan Zhu Yu Shan Yao • Liu Wei Di Huang Wan vs. Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan C 535
3 SEDATE Ze Xie Mu Dan Pi Fu Ling
4 CASE: Christopher, 52-year-old male; His lower back is sore and weak. He also has dizziness,
blurred vision, tinnitus, hearing weakness, night sweating, spermatorrhea, heat sensation on palms
and soles, dry throat, and toothache. Soon after he drinks water, he urinates. Tongue is red, no
coating. Pulse is thready, rapid.
39. JIN GUI SHEN Ql WAN (Kidney Qi Pill from the Golden Cabinet) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Sheng Di Huang sweet, bitter cold HT LV KD 24g ~ Shu Di Huang Sheng Di Huang king Nourishes the yin and tonifies the KD
Shan Zhu Yu sour sl warm KD LV 12g Shan Zhu Yu Ton ifies LVIKD, thereby helping to preserve the essential qi
deputy 1
Shan Yao sweet neutral KD LU SP 12g Shan Yao Strengthens SP, stabilizes the KD, and nourishes t he essence
Fu Zi acrid hot, toxic HT KD SP 3g Fu Zi Tonifies source fire, dispels cold, and eliminates dampness
deputy 2
Gui Zhi acrid, sweet warm HT LU UB 3g ~ Rou Gui Gui Zhi Warms the channels, and unblocks the vessels, assist yang
Fu Ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 9g Fu Ling Stre ngthens the SP and drains dampness
Mu Dan Pi acrid, bitter cool HT LV KD 9g Mu Dan Pi assistant Clears heat and quells LV fire
Ze Xie sweet, bland cold KD UB 9g Ze Xie Unblocks and regulates t he water pathways

Actions; Warm and tonify KD Yang ... Modifications

1. strengthen the effect of warming & tonifying t he KD Yang: Gui Zhi -7 Rou Gui
Indications 2. urination at night: + Wu Wei Zi
(1) · KD Yang deficiency 3. frequent, copious, and clear urination with emaciation; + Bu Gu Zhi, Lu Rang
4. impotence; + Ba Ji Tian, Rou Cong Rang, Suo Yang, Gou Qi Zi
lower back ~a in, weakness of the lower extremities, a cold sensation in the
5. painful urinary dysfunction due to cold lodging in t he U characterized by frequent, scanty
Signs & lower half of the body, tenseness in the lower abdomen. The patient may also
urination with continuous dripping; + Lu Rang, Chen Xiang
Symptoms be irritable to t he point of having difficulty lying down, and wi ll breathe most
6. incontinence or turbid urine after overuse of excessively bitter and cold herbs: - Ze Xie, +
comfortably w hile leaning against something
Wu Wei Zi
Tongue ~ale, swollen + thin, white, and moist coating 7. edema of the lower extremities; + Wu Pi Yin
Pulse deficient or weak pulse which is submerged and faint at the ~roximal ~osition
... Associated Formulas
• Ji Sheng Shen Qi Wan
• Sh i Bu Wan
There is either urinary difficulty with edema, or excessive urination, sometimes
to the point of incontinence ... Identification of Patterns

Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin

Shang Han Lun Shao Yin - Cold pattern
Cautions & Contraindications
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
• Contra; Yin deficiency with dry mouth & throat and a red tongue with little coating
Zang Fu KD Yang deficiency
Biomedically-defined disorders: Five Elements Water
• chronic glomerular, interstitial or diffuse nephritis, chronic urethritis, diabetes mellitus,
primary hyperaldosteronism, hy~othyroid i sm, neurastenia, arthritis, beriberi, and chronic ... Comparison
bronchial asthma. • Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan vs. Liu Wei Di Huang Wan c S35
• Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan vs. Zhen Wu Tang vs. Si Ni Tang c 535

... CASE: Todd, 40-year-old male; His chief complaint is dysuria for over a week. He was
diagnosed with benign prostate hypertrophy a year ago. He has also suffered from frequent
urination, especially at night and dribbling through the day. Steve also complains of fatigue,
feeling cold, low back ache and no desire to have intercourse. He has a pale tongue w ith a
thin white coat and a deep, weak pulse.
'II
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~ ~ COMPARISON ~

n CD Sl JUN Zl TANG & ll ZHONG WAN @ Sl JUN Zl TANG & Sl WU TANG & SHI QUAN DA BU TANG
0
3 Sl JUN Zl TANG ll ZHONG WAN Sl JUN Zl TANG Sl WU TANG SHI QUAN DA BU TANG

..
'a
Ill
iii' Ingredients
•Ren Shen
•Bai Zhu
•Gan Jiang
•Ren Shen •Ren Shen •Shu Di Huang •Ren Shen
0 •Fu Ling •Bai Zhu •Bai Zhu •Bai Shao •Bai Zhu
::s • Zhi Gan Cao • Zhi Gan Cao •Fu Ling • Dang Gui • Fu Ling
•Zhi Gan Cao • Chuan Xiong • Zhi Gan Cao
Common •Shu Di Huang
herbs Ren Shen, Bai Zhu, Zhi Gan Cao
•Bai Shao
SP/ST deficiency •Dang Gui
Ingredients •Chuan Xiong
Indications
Qi deficiency Deficiency Cold •Rou Gui
•Huang Qi
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao

DSi Jun Zi Tang

DSi Wu Tang
Deficiency
{Z) Sl WU TANG & XIAO YAO SAN Indications Qi and Blood deficiency
Qi deficiency Blood deficiency
+ Deficiency Cold
Sl WU TANG XIAO YAO SAN
•Shu Di Huang •Chai Hu
•Bai Shao •Dang Gui
•Dang Gui •Bai Shao
Ingredients • Chuan Xiong •Bai Zhu @ GUI PI TANG & BU ZHONG VI Ql TANG
•Fu Ling
• Zhi Gan Cao GUI PI TANG BU ZHONG VI Ql TANG
•Wei Jiang
•Bo He •Ren Shen • Huang Qi
•Huang Qi • Ren Shen
Common
herbs Bai Shao, Dang Gui •Bai Zhu • Ba i Zhu
•Zhi Gan Cao • Zhi Gan Cao
Blood deficiency •Dang Gui • Dang Gui
Indications Ingredients •Long Van Rou •Chen Pi
Blood stagnation LV Qi stagnation •Suan Zao Ren • Sheng Ma
• Zhi Yuan Zhi • Chai Hu
fatigue, abdominal pain, PMS, menstrual disorders (irregular cycles, •Fu Ling (Fu Shen)
dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, light colored blood) •Mu Xiang
Symptoms long cycle, clots in the blood breast distension, hypochondriac pain •Sheng Jiang
([) pale, dusky or purple ([) dusky •Da Zao
® thready, choppy ® wiry, weak, thready Dui-Yao • Suan Zao Ren + Yuan Zhi • Chai Hu + Sheng Ma
UB18, LV8 Common
Acupuncture herbs Ren Shen, Bai Zhu, Zhi Gan Cao, Huang Qi, Dang Gui
ST36, SP6, UB17, SPlO LV3, GB34, LV13, PC6
Tonify Qi, strengthen SP Qi
Functions
Nourish HT Blood Raise sunken Yang

SP deficiency
Indications • SP Qi and HT Blood deficiency
•SP/ST Qi sinking
• SP deficiency causing chronic bleeding

fatigue, weariness, ([) pale, white coating, ® weak

Symptoms
insomnia, pa lpitations, anxiety, fatigue, poor appetite, organ prolapse
poor memory
 (5) LIU WEI 01 HUANG WAN & JIN GUI SHEN Ql WAN @ JIN GUI SHEN Ql WAN & ZHEN WU TANG & 51 Nl TANG

LIU WEI 01 HUANG WAN JIN GUI SHEN Ql WAN JIN GUI SHEN Ql WAN ZHEN WU TANG Sl Nl TANG
•Shu Di Huang •Shu Di Huang •Shu Oi Huang •FU Zi •Sheng Fu Zi
•Shan Zh u Yu • Shan Zhu Yu • Shan Zhu Yu • Bai Zhu • Gan Jiang
• Shan Yao • Shan Yao • Sha n Yao • FU Ling • Zhi Gan Cao
•Fu Ling • Fu Zi •Fu Zi • Sheng Jiang
Ingredients Ingredients
• Mu Dan Pi •G ui Zhi (-+ Rou Gui) •Gui Zhi •Bai Shao
• Ze Xie •Fu Ling •Fu Ling
• Mu Dan Pi •Mu Dan Pi
• Ze Xie • Ze Xie
Common
KO deficiency herbs Fu Zi
Indications
Yin deficiency Yang def iciency Warm KD Yang
Functions
soreness/weakness of lower back and knees, spermat orrhea tonify only promote urination rescues collapse

light-headedness, vertigo, tinnitus, a cold sensation in the lower half of KD Yang deficiency
diminished hearing, night sweats, hot the body, tenseness in t he lower Indications
Symptoms palms and soles, a chronic dry and abdomen, having difficulty lying down, Simple KD Yang deficiency Water-Damp Yang collapse
sore throat, t oothache, or wasting and and will breathe most comfortably
t hirsting disorder whi le leaning against something
CD red, lit t le coating CD pale, swollen, t hin white moist cold limbs, fatigue, aversion to cold, loose stool, CD pale, ® deep
® thready, rapid ® deficient, deep at proximal position Symptoms general edema, deep extremely cold limbs,
impotence, spermatorrhea,
KD3, RN4, UB23 aching in the limbs, profuse cold sweating,
® weak
Acupuncture ® rolling ® thready, faint
KD6, SP6 KD7, DU4

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CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY FORMULAS FORMULA KING HERBS

40 Vue Ju Wan 40 Vue Ju Wan Xiang Fu

r-- Move Qi
41 Ban Xia Hou Po Tang 41 Ban Xia Hou Po Tang Ban Xia
1--
42 REGULATE Ql Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang 42 Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang Su Zi
1--
43 Descend Qi Ding Chuan Tang 43 Ding Chuan Tang Ma Huang, Bai Guo (= Yin Xing)
r--
44 Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang 44 Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang Chen Pi, Zhu Ru
 40. VUE JU WAN (Escape Restraint Pill) 4 Hierarchy and Functions
Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions
Xiang Fu acrid, sl bitter, sl sweet neutral LV SJ 6-12g Xiang Fu king Releases the constraint and disperses qi stagnation
Chuan Xiong acrid warm LV GB PC 6-12g Chuan Xiong Releases constrained blood and thus resolves the f ixed pain
Cang Zhu acrid, bitter warm, aromatic SP ST 6-12g Cang Zhu Dries dampness and transforms phlegm
deputy
Shan Zhi Zi bitter cold HT LV LU ST SJ 6-12g Shan Zhi Zi Clears heat from all San Jiaos and resolves f ire from constraint
Shen Qu sweet, acrid warm SP ST 6-12g Shen Qu Re lieves constraint caused by food retention and harmonizes ST

Actions: Promote Qi circu lation and relieve stagnation 4 Modifications

1. If stagnant Qi predominates: + Yu Jin, Mu Xiang, Wu Yao
Indications· Stagnation of Qi + Blood + Phlegm + Damp + Fire + Food • Six constraints 2. If LV fire predominates: - Cang Zhu, + Bai Shao, Mu Dan Pi
3. If blood stasis predominates: + Tao Ren, Hong Hua
focal distention and a stifling sensation in the chest and abdomen, fixed j:1ain
Signs & 4. If phlegm predominates: + Ba n Xia, Tian Nan Xing
in the hyj:1ochondria, belching, vomiting, acid regurgitation, mild coughing with
Symptoms 5. If dampness predominates: + Hou Po, Fu Ling
coj:1ious Sj:1utu m, reduced aj:1j:1etite, and indigestion
6. If food stagnation predominates: + Shan Zha, Mai Ya
Tongue can vary depending on type of stagnation 7. concurrent cold in the middle burner: - Shan Zh i Zi, + Wu Zhu Yu, Gan Jiang
Pulse can vary depending on type of stagnation 8. severe bloating and distention: + Qing Pi, Chen Pi, Zh i Shi, Bing Lang

4 Associated Formulas
Cautions & Contraindications • Pai Qi Yin
• Contra: stagnation due to deficiency
4 Identification of Patterns
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• functional gastrointestinal disorders, peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, infectious hepatitis, Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang
cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, intercostal neuralgia, some types of neuroses, and dysmenorrhea. Shang Han Lun not applicable
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Zang Fu can be complicated
Five Elements can be compl icated

4 Comparison
• Vue Ju Wan vs. Si Ni San vs. Xiao Yao San c 542
• Vue Ju Wan vs. Bao He Wan c 574

4 CASE: Mark, 32-year-old male; He presents with chron ic cholecystitis of two years duration.
His signs and symptoms include pain in the right hypochondrium, sour belching, nausea,
distension and an oppressive feeling in the chest and abdomen which are worse with greasy
meals. His tongue is red with a gre~sy yellow coating, and his pulse is wiry, rol ling and rapid.

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 41. BAN XIA HOU PO TANG (Pinella & Magnolia Bark Decoction) • Hierarchy and Functions
"'I
Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions 0
Ban Xia acrid warm, toxic LU SP ST 9-12g Ban Xia king Transforms phlegm, dissipates clumps, harmonizes the ST ::a
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Fu Ling
Sheng Jiang
bitter, acrid
sweet, bland
acrid
warm, aromatic
neutral
warm
Ll LU SP ST
HT SP LU
LU SP ST
9g
12g
15g
Hou Po
Fu ling
Sheng Jiang
deputy

assistant
Eliminates the stifling sensation, directs the rebellious qi
Leaches out damp and assists chief herb in transform ing phlegm
Harmonize the ST and thereby to stop the vom iting
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Dl
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Actions • Modifications
• Promote the movement of Qi, dissipate clumps 1. severe cases of stagnant Qi with above presentation: + Chai Hu, Yu Jin, Xiang Fu, Qing Pi
• Direct rebellious Qi downward, and transform phlegm 2. vomiting: + Sha Ren, Ding Xiang, Bai Dou Kou
3. severe stifling sensation in the chest: + Yu Jin, Zhi Ke
-
Indications· LV Qi & phlel!m sta2nation lodl!inl! in the throat causinl! Plum pit svndrome 4. chest pain: + Gua Lou, Xie Ba i
5. abdominal distention: + Sha Ren, Mu Xiang
a feeling of something caught in the throat that can neither be swallowed nor
Signs & 6. hypochondriac pain: + Jin Ling Zi, Van Hu Suo
ejected, a stifling sensation in the chest and hl/120chondria. There may also be
Symptoms 7. pain and swelling in the throat: + Xuan Shen, Jie Geng
coughing and vomiting
Tongue moist or greasl/, white coating • Associated Formulas
Pulse wirJl, slow or wirJl, rolling • Si Qi Tang

• Identification of Patterns
Cautions & Contraindications
• Contra: patients presenting with a flushed face, a bitter taste in the mouth, and a red Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Excess I Yin
tongue with scanty coating Shang Han lun not applicable
Wen Bing lun not applicable
Biomedically-defined disorders: Zang Fu LU and ST lose their ability to move the Qi downward
• hysteria, functional gastrointestinal disorders, esophageal spasm, chronic larJlngitis, and Five Elements Wood overacting Earth
tracheitis.
• Comparison

• CASE: Olivia, 49-year-old fem ale; After getting stress from her work, she developed chest and
hypochondriac fullness, and distention. She has a feeling of someth ing caught in the throat that
can't be swallowed nor ejected. She coughs sometimes with vomiting. Her tongue is white
greasy and pulse is w iry and roll ing.
42. SU Zl JIANG Ql TANG {Perilla Fruit Decoction for Direct ing Qi Downward) 4 Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Su Zi acrid warm Ll LU 75g {9-12g) Su Zi king Directs rebellious qi downward, expels phlegm, stops coughing
Ban Xia acrid warm, toxic LU SP ST 75g {6-9g) Ban Xia Expels phlegm, stops the coughing, and arresting wheezing
Hou Po bitter, acrid warm, aromatic Ll LU SP ST 30g {3-6g) Hou Po Expels ph legm, stops the coughing, and arresting wheezing
deputy
{Chen Pi) acrid, bitter warm, aromatic LU SP ST 45g {6-9g) (Chen Pi) Directs rebellious qi downward, expels phlegm
Qian Hu bitter, acrid sl cold LU 30g {6-9g) Qian Hu Transforms phlegm and directs qi downwards
Rou Gui acrid, sweet hot HT KD LV SP 45g {1.5-3g) Rou Gui Warms the KD and restores their ability to grasp the qi
assistant
Dang Gui sweet, acrid, bitter warm HT LV SP 45g {6-9g) Dang Gui Treats cough from rebellious qi, nourish devitalization of blood
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 2 slices Sheng Jiang Disperse cold and improve circulation in the LU
Su Ye acrid warm, aromatic LU SP 5 leaves Su Ye Disperse cold and improve circu lation in the LU
envoy
Da Zao sweet neutral SP ST 3 pieces Da Zao Harmonize middle and harmonize the others
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 60g {3-4.5g) Zhi Gan Cao Harmonize middle and harmonize the others

Actions 4 Modifications
• Direct rebellious Qi downward, arrest wheezi ng, stop coughing 1. concurrent exterior cold: + Ma Huang, Xing Ren
• Warm and transform cold-phlegm 2. less severe cold: Zi Su Ye -7 Bo He
3. more sput um and coughing: + Chen Pi
Indications· LU Cold-Phlegm {excess above) + KD Yang deficiency {deficiency below) 4. Qi deficiency: + Dang Shen, Wu Wei Zi
5. urinary difficulty: + Che Qian Zi
coughing and wheezing w1th waterv. copious sputum, a stifling sensation in the
6. greater difficulty in inhalation without lower back pain: - Rou Gui, + Chen Xiang
Signs & chest and diaphragm, dyspnea, SOB marked by relatively labored inhalation and
Symptoms smooth exhalation. There may also be pain and weakness of the lower back
4 Identification of Patterns
and legs, edema of the extremities, and/or fatigue
Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency / Yin
Tongue w hite tongue coating that is either slippery or greasy
Shang Han lun not applicable
Pulse rolling, weak Wen Bing lun not appl icable
Zang Fu LU excess and KD deficiency
Cautions & Contraindications Five Elements Metal and Water
• Contra: LU and KD deficiency in the absence of an external pathogenic influence
• Contra: wheezing and productive cough due to LU Heat 4 Comparison
• Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang vs. Ding Chuan Tang c 542
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchial asthma, and cardiac asthma. 4 CASE: Susan, 70-year-old female; Susan was diagnosed with emphysema ten years ago. During
your intake you notice that she has shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing with much watery
sputum. Further she states that she has a tight feeling in the chest and t hat her legs feel weak
with ankles that are swollen. Her tongue is greasy white coating, and her pu lse is rolling and
weak.
l
t: 43. DING CHUAN TANG (Arrest Wheezing Decoction)
I cg

-
9. Ic
E

Actions
• Disseminate and redirect the LU Qi, arrest wheezing 1. thick, yellow sputum that is difficult to expectorate: + Dan Nan Xing, Gua lou Pi, Qian Hu
• Clear heat, and transform phlegm 2. severe, stifling sensation in the chest: + Zhi Shi, Hou Po
3. more heat in the LU: + Shi Gao, Yu Xing Cao
4. sputum that is deep-seated and difficult to expectorate with a reduced appetite: + Lai Fu Zi,
Bai Jie Zi
Signs & coughing and wheezing with copious, thick, and yellow sputum, labored
Symptoms breathing. There may also be simultaneous fever and chills
Formulas
Tongue greasy, yellow coating • Shen Mi Tang
Pulse rolling, rapid
4 Identification of Patterns

Cautions & Contraindications Eight Principles lnterior+Exterior I Heat+Cold I Excess I Yang

• Contra: external W-C which present with an absence of sweating & internal Phlegm-Heat Shang Han Lun Tai Yang
• Contra: chronic asthma with Qi deficiency and a weak pulse Wen Bing Lun Qi level
Zang Fu Phlegm-Heat obstructing the LU
Biomedically-defined disorders: Five Elements Metal
• chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, and bronchiolitis.
4 Comparison
• Ding Chuan Tang vs. Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang c 542
• Ding Chuan Tang vs. Wen Dan Tang c 542
• Ding Chuan Tang vs. Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang c 542

4 CASE: Ray, 31-year-old male; Ray states that he has a terrible cold. He has chills, fever and
headache. Now he complains of cough, wheezing, and congestion with profuse thick yellow
phlegm and his chest feels tight and oppressive. His tongue is red with a yellow greasy coating,
and his pulse is rolling and slightly floating.
 44. JU PI ZHU RU TANG (Tangerine Peel & Bamboo Shavings Decoction) 4 Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Chen Pi acrid, bitter warm, aromatic LU SP ST 9-12g Chen Pi Harmonizes the ST and stops hiccup
king
Zhu Ru sweet sl cold GB LU ST 9-12g Zhu Ru Clears heat, calms the ST, and stops hiccup
Ren Shen sweet, sl bitter sl warm LU SP 3g Ren Shen Provides tonification in the course of regulation
deputy
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 18g (6-9g) Sheng Jiang Harmonizes the fu nctions of the ST and stopping vomiting
Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST lSg (3-6g) Gan Cao Assist Ren Shen in augmenting qi, and harmonize other herbs
assistant
Da Zao sweet neutral SP ST 30 pieces (Sp) Da Zao Assist Ren Shen in augmenti ng qi, and harmonize other herbs

Actions 4 Modifications
• Direct rebel lious Qi downward, stop hiccup 1. Yin deficiency with thirst, a red tongue with a scanty, dry coating, and a thready, rapid
• Augment the Qi, and clear Stomach heat pulse: + Mai Men Dong, Sh i Hu, Lu Gen
2. patients without Qi deficiency: - Ren Shen
Indications· ST deficiency and Heat causing hiccoul!h and rebellion ST Qi 3. concurrent phlegm: + Ban Xia, Fu Ling

Signs & h1ccough, nausea, dry heaves, or retching. Also for vomiting resulting from
Symptoms
4 Associated Formulas
debility after a prolonged illness, or heat from deficiency of the ST
• Ju Pi Tang
Tongue tender, red • Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang
Pulse deficient, ra12id • Xin Zhi Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang

4 Identification of Patterns
Cautions & Contraindications
• Contra: Heat from excess or Cold from deficiency
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Deficiency I Yin
Shang Han Lun not applicable
Biomedically-defined disorders: Wen Bing lun not applicable
• morning sickness, incomplete pyloric obstruction, gastritis, 12ost-surgical hiccough, or Zang Fu ST Qi deficiency
functional vomiting. Five Elements Earth and Wood

4 Comparison
• Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang vs. Li Zhong Wan c 543

4 CASE: Miriam, 30-year-old fema le; She presents w ith hiccup and nausea that have been
annoying her for over a month. Her symptoms began soon after she had a hysterectomy six
weeks ago. Her symptoms are worse after eating spicy food and improves w hen she drinks
water while holding her breath. Her tongue is red w ith scanty coating, and her pulse is rapid
and weak.

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@ DING CHUAN TANG & WEN DAN TANG

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•Chai Hu
• Zhi Shi
•Ba i Shao
•Chai Hu
•Da ng Gui
•Bai Shao
•Xiang Fu
•Chuan Xiong
• Cang Zhu
•Ma Huang
•Yin Xing
• Xing Ren
• Zhu Ru
• Zhi Shi
• Ban Xia
E
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• Fu Ling
•Shan Zhi Zi
•Shen Qu Ingredients
•Su Zi
•Ban Xia
• Chen Pi
•Fu Ling
iii' • Gan Cao
0 •Zhi Gan Cao • Kuan Dong Hua
:I • Wei Jiang •Sang Bai Pi • Sheng Jiang
• Bo He •Huang Qin • (Da Zao)
•Gan Cao
LV Qi stagnation
Indications l V Blood deficiency, Phlegm-Heat
Stagnation of Blood,
LV/SP disharmony Indications
SP Qi deficiency Ph legm, Damp, Fire, Food
Phlegm-Heat (LU) + Wind-Cold (Exterior) Phlegm-Heat from GB & ST disharmony
hypochondriac/abdominal pain and distension, G) dusky, ® wiry
Symptoms fatigue, headache,
G) red, greasy yellow coating, ® ro lling, rapid
fixed pain, indigestion, Symptoms
cold extremities, diarrhea dizziness, dysmenorrhea, coughing, wheezing, abundant t hick nausea, vomit ing, dizziness, insomnia,
vomiting
irregular menses, PMS yellow sputum, possible chills and fever palpitation, anxiety, bitter taste

® SU Zl JIANG Ql TANG & DING CHUAN TANG @ DING CHUAN TANG & MA XING SHI GAN TANG
SU Zl JIANG Ql TANG DING CHUAN TANG DING CHUAN TANG MA XING SHI GAN TANG
•Su Zi •Ma Huang •Ma Huang • Ma Huang
•Ban Xia •Yin Xing •Yin Xing •Shi Gao
•Hou Po • Xing Ren • Xing Ren • Xing Ren
•(Chen Pi) • Su Zi •Su Zi • Zhi Gan Cao
•Qian Hu • Ban Xia Ingredients •Ban Xia
Ingredients • Rou Gui • Kuan Dong Hua • Kuan Dong Hua
•Dang Gui • Sang Bai Pi • Sang Bai Pi
• Sheng Jiang • Huang Qin •H uang Qin
•Su Ye •Gan Cao •Gan Cao
•Da Zao
• Zhi Gan Cao Common
herbs Ma Huang, Xing Ren, Gan Cao
Common
herbs Su Zi, Ban Xia, Gan Cao
Rebellious lU Qi
Rebellious LU Qi Indications
Exterior (Wind-Cold) Exterior (Wind-Cold I Wind-Heat)
Indications + LU (Heat)
Excess above (LU Cold-Phlegm) Interior (LU Phlegm-Heat) + Interior (LU Phlegm-Heat)
+ Deficiency below (KD Yang deficiency) + Exterior (Wind-Cold)
cou~ ing, wheezing, dyspnea, chills and fever,
wheezing, dyspnea, coughing, sputum, G) greasy, ® rolling T red, yellow coati ng, ® rapid, rol ling
Symptoms abundant thick ye llow sputum, labored persistent high fever, th irst, possible
abundant watery clear sputum, abundant th ick yellow sputum, possible
Symptoms breathing, possible slight chills and fever, aversion to wind or cold, nasal fl aring
~ pressive feeling in the chest chills and fever
white coating G) yellow coating G) greasy and pain, G) dry with thin coating
® weak ® rapid Acupuncture LUlO (LU Heat)
LUS (LU Phlegm-Heat)
UB13, LUS, ST40
Acupuncture
UB23 UB12
 (5) JU PI ZHU RU TANG & Ll ZHONG WAN

JU PI ZHU RU TANG Ll ZHONG WAN

•Chen Pi •Gan Jiang
•Zhu Ru •R en Shen
•Ren Shen •Bai Zhu
Ingredients
•Sheng Jiang •Zhi Gan Cao
•Gan Cao
•Da Zao
•Chen Pi + Zhu Ru
Dui-Yao •Gan Jiang + Ren Shen
•Zhu Ru + Sheng Jiang

Rebellious ST Qi
Indications
ST deficiency + Heat ST deficiency + Cold

hiccup, belching, vomiting, poor appetite due to ST deficiency

Symptoms loud hiccups or belching quiet hiccups or belching
(worse from warmth) (better from warmth)
® red, ® weak, rapid ® pale, ® weak, deep, slow

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FORMULA KING HERBS

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a. 46
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BLOOD
Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang 46 Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Tao Ren, Hong Hua, Chuan Xiong E
Wen Jing Tang 47 Wen Jing Tang Wu Zhu Yu, Gui Zhi
1-- Warm Channels & Dispel Blood stasis
48 Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan 48 Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan Gui Zhi, Fu Ling
 45. TAO HE CHENG Ql TANG (Peach Pit Decoction to Order the Qi) 4- Hierarchy and Functions
Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions
Tao Ren bitter, sweet neutral HT Ll LV LU 50 pieces (12-1Sg) Tao Ren Brea ks up and eliminates blood stasis
king
Da Huang bitter cold HT Ll LV ST 12g Da Huang Attacks and purges accumulations and cleanses pathogenic heat
Gui Zhi acrid, sweet warm HT LU UB 6g Gui Zhi deputy Dispel retained blood and unblocks the blood vessel
Mang Xiao acrid, bitter, salty very cold ST Ll 6g Mang Xiao assistant Softens areas of hardness and dispels accumulation
Zhi Gan Cao sweet warm HT LU SP ST 6g Zhi Gan Cao envoy Moderates the harshness I assistant: protects and calms ST

Actions: Drain heat and break up blood stasis 4- Modifications

1. irregular menstruation or dysmenorrhea: + Dang Gui, Hong Hua
Indications 2. concurrent Qi stagnation: + Xiang Fu, Wu Yao, Qing Pi, Mu Xiang
(1)· Accumulation of Blood stasis and Heat in the Lower Jiao 3. more severe obstruction from blood stasis due to post-hemorrhagic retention of blood,
traumatic injury, impairment of circulation, difficult defecation, or bowel obstruction with
acute lower abdominal [1ain, incontinence of urine, night fevers, delirious
Signs & continuous, stabbing abdominal pain, thirst, fever, and a choppy pulse: + Ch i Shao, San Qi
s1:1eech, irritabilit',', restlessness and thrist. In severe cases there may be manic
Symptoms 4. nosebleeds or spitting up blood of a purple or dark color accompanied by a stifling
behavior. Women will usually experience d','smenorrhea or amenorrhea
sensation in the chest: + Sheng Di Huang, Bai Mao Gen
Tongue purple + thin, yellow coating 5. lochioschesis, hard fullness in the lower abdomen, or severe wheezing and distention of the
Pulse submerged, full, or ch0[1[1'!' chest: + Shi Xiao San

4- Identification of Patterns
(2)· Disorders which involve the accumulation of Heat & Blood leading to clumping
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang
• traumatic mjur'i with intractable pain or difficulty in passing urine or stool Shang Han . Lun Tai Yang Fu (Organ) - Blood accumulation
• pain and distention of the head, red eyes, and toothache which results Wen Bing Lun Blood level
from blood stagnation due to the presence of vigorous fire Zang Fu not applicable
• nosebleeds, vomiting, or coughing up blood due to reckless movement of Five Elements not applicable
Signs &
hot blood
Symptoms
• g','necological
disorders such as amenorrhea, irregular menstruation,
dysmenorrhea, and lochioschesis 4- Comparison
• fixed, lower abdominal [1ain • Tao He Cheng Qi Tang vs. Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang c 549
• severe wheezing and distention of the chest • Tao He Cheng Qi T vs. Xue Fu Zhu Yu T vs. Gui Zh i Fu Ling W vs. Wen Jing T c 549

4- CASE: Ca rl, 30-year-old male; Yesterday Carol was sent to the emergency room yesterday due
Cautions & Contraindications to severe lower abdomina l pai n and a rising fever. At the same time, his speech became
• Contra: during pregnane., unintelligible, and he became markedly irritable, restless and delirious. He has been constipated
• Contra: If there are exterior symptoms, it should first be released. for the last week. You take his temperature and find it to be 102."F. His abdomen is very t ight
and tender. He has a red tongue w ith yellow coating, and a choppy, w iry pu lse.
Biomedically-defined disorders:

-<
:I
• acute endometritis, retained placenta, pelvic inflammatory disease, and intestinal obstruction.

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46. XUE FU ZHU YU TANG (Drive out Blood stasis in the Blood Mansion Decoction) ... Hierarchy and Functions
iil Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions
"1"1
0
ID
Tao Ren bitter, sweet neutral HT Ll LV LU 12g Tao Ren Invigorates blood, pa rticu Iarly in the upper part of the body ::a
a:l Invigorates blood, particularly in the upper part of the body
!:
0 Hong Hua acrid warm HT LV 9g Hong Hua king c
0 warm LV GB PC 4.Sg Invigorates blood, particularly in the upper part of the body
E
Chuan Xiong acrid Chuan Xiong
a. Invigorates blood, especially in the lower part of the body
Dang Gui sweet, acrid, bitter warm HT LV SP 9g Dang Gui
a:l Chi Shao sou r, bitter sl cold LV SP 6g Chi Shao deputy Invigorates blood, especially in the lower part of the body
0 Chuan Niu Xi sweet, bitter neutral KD LV 9g Chuan Niu Xi Improve blood circulation and induces t he blood downward
0

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en
Sheng Di Huang
Chai Hu
Jie Geng
sweet, bitter
bitter, acrid
bitter, acrid
cold
cool
neutral
HT LV KD
GB LV PC SJ
LU
9g
3g
4.Sg
Sheng Di Huang
Chai Hu
Jie Geng
assistant
Cools blood and clears heat
Smoothens LV qi, relieves constraint, and ra ises clear yang
Expands the chest and promotes the movement of qi, t
iii' Zhi Ke bitter cool SP ST 6g Zhi Ke Expands the chest and promotes the movement of qi, ...
Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST 3g Gan Cao envoy Regulates and harmonizes the actions of the other herbs

Actions ... Modifications

• Activate Blood circulation, remove blood stasis 1. headache: + Man Jing Zi, Bai Ji Li
• Promote circulation of Qi and relieve pain 2. pain in the hypochondria: + Yu Jin, Xie Ba i
3. immobile subcostal and abdominal masses: + Yu Jin, Dan Shen
Indications· Blood stasis with Qi stagnation in the chest 4. amenorrhea or dysmenorrhea: - Jie Geng, + Xiang Fu, Vi Mu Cao, Ze Lan
5. rheumatic valvular heart disease: - Chuan Niu Xi, Jie Geng
12ain in the chest and hy12ochondria, chronic, stubborn headache with a fixed,
• insomnia or restless sleep: + Suan Zao Ren
12iercing guality, chronic, incessant hiccough, a choking sensation when drinking,
Signs & • Qi deficiency: + Dang Shen
dry heaves, depression or low spirits accompanied by a sensat ion of warmth in
Symptoms • Yang deficeincy: - Chai Hu, + Fu Zi, Gui Zhi
the chest, 12al12itations, insomnia, restless slee12, irritability, extreme mood
6. angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease: 1'Hong Hua, Chuan Xiong, Dan Shen
swings, evening tidal fever, dark or purplish lips, complexions, or sclera
Tongue dark-red, dark s12ots on the sides of the tongue
... Associated Formulas
Pulse cho1212Y, wiry, tense • Tong Qiao Huo Xue Tang
• Ge Xia Zhu Yu Tang
• Shao Fu Zhu Yu Tang
Cautions & Contraindications
• Shen Tong Zhu Yu Tang
• Contra: 12regnancy & in most cases which involve excessive menstrual bleeding
• Contra: in cases with bleeding diathesis or any active hemorrhagic disorder.
... Identification of Patterns

Biomedically-defined disorders: Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Excess I Yin

• coronary artery disease, rheumatic valvu lar heart disease, hypertension, cor pulmonale, Shang Han Lun not applicable
intercostal neuralgia, costochondritis, postconcussion syndrome, migraine, trigemina l neuralgia, Wen Bing Lun not applicable
psychosis, menopausal syndrome, primary dysmenorrhea, and urticaria. Zang Fu not applicable
Five Elements not applicable

... Comparison
ANALYSIS
• Xue Fu Zhu Yu T vs. Tao He Cheng Qi T vs. Gui Zh i Fu Ling W vs. Wen Jing T c S49
Blood stasis Tao Hong Si Wu Tang
XUE FU ZHU YU TANG
LV Qi stagnation Si Ni San ... CASE: Terry, 30-year-old fema le; She presents with continual and uncomfortably loud
hiccoughs ever since she was involved in a boating accident a year ago. They are worse at night
and sometimes interfere with drinking. Her tongue is dark red with dark spots on the sides and
thin yel low coating, purplish lips, and a choppy, wiry pulse.
 47. WEN JING TANG (Warm the Menses Decoction) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Wu Zhu Yu acrid, bitter hot, sl toxic KD LV SP ST 9g Wu Zhu Yu Warms menses, dispel cold, and facilitate the movement of qi
king
Gui Zhi acrid, sweet warm HT LU UB 6g Gui Zhi Warms the menses, dispel cold, and unblock the blood vessels
Dang Gui sweet, acrid, bitter warm HT LV SP 9g Dang Gui Moves blood, nourishes the blood, and regulates the menses
Chuan Xiong acrid warm LV GB PC 6g Chuan Xiong deputy 1 Moves blood, dispel blood stasis, and regulates the menses
Bai Shao bitter, sou r cool LV SP 6g Bai Shao Nourishes blood, and regulates the menses
E Jiao sweet neutral KD LV LU 6g E Jiao Nourishes blood, tonifies the yin, moistens dryness
deputy 2
Mai Men Dong sweet, sl bitter sl cold HT LU ST 9g Mai Men Dong Nourishes blood and yin, clears heat from deficiency
Mu Dan Pi acrid, bitter cool HT LV KD 6g Mu Dan Pi Moves blood, facilitates the menses, and clears deficient heat
Ren Shen sweet, sl bitter sl wa rm LU SP 6g Ren Shen Tonifies qi, strengthens source of production & tra nsformation
assistant
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 6g Sheng Jiang Harmonizes the SP and ST
Ban Xia acrid warm, toxic LU SP ST 6g Ban Xia Harmonizes the SP and ST
Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST 6g Gan Cao envoy Harmonizes the various herbs I assistant: tonifies the qi

Actions ... Modifications

• Warm the menses, dispel cold 1. more severe lower abdominal cold and pain: - Mai Men Dong, Mu Dan Pi, + Xiao Hui
• Nourish the blood, and dispel blood stasis Xiang, Ai Ye, Gui Zh i -7 Rou Gui
2. more severe Qi stagnation: + Xiang Fu, Wu Yao
Indications· Chong & Ren channel deficient Cold + Blood stasis causing irregular menstruation 3. mild, persistent uterine bleeding of pale-colored blood: - Mu Dan Pi, + Pao Jiang, Ai Ye, Shu
Di Huang
mild, (1ersistent uterine bleeding, irregular menstruation {either early or late),
4. Qi deficiency: + Huang Qi
Signs & extended or continuous menstrual flow, bleeding between (1eriods, ~
5. persistent bleeding after miscarriage: - Gan Cao, Dan Shen, Yi Mu Cao, Niu Xi
Symptoms distention, cold in the lower abdomen, infertility, dry li (1S and mouth,
6. infertility due to blood deficiency and cold: + Qing Pi, Xiang Fu
low-grade fever at dusk, and warm (1alms and soles
7. chronic endometritis: + Ru Xiang, San Qi
Tongue dusky (pale purple) + thin coating
Pulse deep, slow, thready and choppy, wiry, tense "" Identification of Patterns

Eight Principles Interior I Heat + Cold I Deficiency + Excess I Yin

Cautions & Contraindications Shang Han Lun not applicable
• Contra: in cases with abdom inal masses due to blood stasis from excess Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Zang Fu not applicable
Biomedically-defined disorders: Five Elements not applicable
• functional uterine bleeding, irregular menstruation, primary dysmenorrhea, infertility,
polycystic ovaries, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, and menopausal syndrome. ... Comparison
• Wen Jing T vs. Tao He Cheng Qi T vs. Xue Fu Zhu Yu T vs. Gui Zhi Fu Ling W c
-<
:::s • Wen Jing Tang vs. Gu Jing Wan c
S49
549

=· ... CASE: Julia, 40-year-old female; She presents with an inability to conceive. Julia has had two

..
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miscarriages during the last eight years. She also reports that immediately following her f irst
miscarriage, she has had irregular cycles and lower abdom inal pain prior and during menstruation
CD which is worse with pressure and improves with warmth. Her tongue is pale purple with a dry
0 thin coating, and her pulse is choppy, deep and weak.
0
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48. GUI ZHI FU LING WAN {Cinnamon Twig & Poria Pill)

IU'Ii!l8nt
Gui Zhi
Tate !\···
acrid, sweet
Temper"'...
warm
~
HT LU UB
I)Qsilge
9-12g
·•• .··.
... Hierarchy and Functions

Gui Zhi
:•····
··-~t··
~n~ns >
Unblocks the blood vessels and reduce the stasis of blood
"II
0
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m Fu Ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 9-12g Fu Ling
king
Leaches downward, promotes the downward circulation of blood
0
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a. Mu Dan Pi
Tao Ren
acrid, bitter
bitter, sweet
cool
neutral
HT LV KD
HT Ll LV LU
9-12g
9-12g
Mu Dan Pi
Tao Ren
assistant
Cools and invigorates blood, breaks up and dispels blood stasis
Invigorates the blood, disperse accumulation
E
Feng Mi sweet neutral SP LU Ll appropriate amount Feng Mi envoy Moderates the harshness of those herbs that dispel blood stasis

Actions ... Modifications

• Activate blood circulation, remove blood stasis 1. more severe blood stasis: + Da Huang
• Reduce fixed abdominal masses
... Identification of Patterns
Indications
Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Excess I Vi n
(1)· BloOd staanatlan In the uterus durir:ta: D~cv
Shang Han Lun not applicable
Signs & mild, l)ersistent uterine bleeding of [1Ur[11e or dark blood during [1regnanc'r' Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Symptoms accompanied by abdominal [1ain that increases with 11ressure Zang Fu Blood stagnation in the uterus
Tongue purple with dark spots + white or yellow coating Five Elements not applicable

Pulse ~
... Comparison
• Gui Zhi Fu Ling W vs. Tao He Cheng Qi T vs. Xue Fu Zhu Yu T vs. Wen Jing T c 549
(2): Blood sta!fuation in the uterus (in general)

Also for such problems as immobile masses in the lower abdomen with [1ain
Signs &
and tenderness, abdominal spasms and tension, amenorrhea with abdominal
Symptoms
distention and pain, d','smenorrhea, and retention of the lochia
... CASE: Bonnie, 40-year-old female; Bonnie is four months pregnant and began having uterine
bleeding two days ago with blood that is burgundy-colored and has many clots. She also states
that her lower abdominal pain is worse with pressure. She has a history of uterine fibromyomas.
Her tongue is dark red with purplish spots on the border, and her pulse is choppy.

Cautions & Contraindications

• Caution: use with extreme caution during [1regnanc'r' or post partum, and only when there
is a confirmed diagnosis of blood stasis producing this pattern.

Biomedically-defined disorders:
• primary dysmenorrhea, leiomyoma (uterine fibroids), cervical erosion, ovarian C','Sts, chronic
salpingitis, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, and lochioschesis.
 ~ COMPARISON ~

Q) TAO HE CHENG Ql TANG & TIAO WEI CHENG Ql TANG ® TAO HE CHENG Ql T. & XUE FU ZHU YU T. & GUI ZHI FU LING W. & W EN JING T.
TAO HE CHENG Ql TANG TIAO WEI CHENG Ql TANG TAO HE CHENG Ql T. XUE FU ZHU YU T. GUI ZHI FU LING W. WEN JING T.
•Tao Ren •Da Huang •Tao Ren •Tao Ren • Gui Zhi • Wu Zhu Yu
•Da Huang • Mang Xiao •Da Huang •Hong Hua • Fu Ling • Gui Zhi
Ingredients •G ui Zhi • Gan Cao • Gui Zhi • Chuan Xiong • Shao Yao • Dang Gui
• Mang Xiao • Mang Xiao • Dang Gui • Mu Dan Pi • Ch uan Xiong
• Zhi Gan Cao • Zhi Gan Cao •Chi Shao • Tao Ren • Bai Shao
Common Ingredients • Chuan Niu Xi • Feng Mi • E Jiao
herbs Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang (Da Huang, Mang Xiao, Gan Cao) • Sheng Di Huang • Mai Men Dong
• Chai Hu • Mu Dan Pi
Heat • Jie Geng • Ren Shen
Indications •Zhi Ke • Gan Cao
Taiyang Fu Ya ngming Fu • Ga n Cao • Sheng Jiang
• Ba n Xia
constipation, abdominal &ain that is worse with pressure, fever, thirst, irritabilit y,
restlessness, T red tongue, ® deep, forceful, rolling, rapid Blood st agnation
Symptoms Indications
fever at night, dysmenorrhea or + Heat accumulation + Qi stagnation + Deficiency Cold
fever in the afternoon
amenorrhea, G) purple, ® choppy (Lower Jiao) (Chest) (Uterus) (Chong and Ren)

GJ purple tongue, ® choppy

Symptoms
severe lower chest pain, masses, bleeding irregular menses,
abdominal pain palpitations during pregna ncy infertility

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.,
CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY FORMULAS FORMULA KING HERBS 0
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31:
49 Stabilize Exterior & Stop sweating Yu Ping Feng San 49 Yu Ping Feng San Huang Qi c
1--
so STABILIZE
Astringe Intestines & Stop diarrhea so Bu Gu Zhi
!;
Si Shen Wan Si Shen Wan en
1-- AND BIND
51 Stabilize Womb & Stop Uterine bleeding Gu Jing Wan 51 Gu Jing Wan Gui Ban, Bai Shao
 49. YU PING FENG SAN (Jade Windscreen Powder) "" Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Huang Qi sweet sl warm LU SP 30g (7.5g • 2-6 times) Huang Qi king St rengthens the defensive qi and stabilizes the exterior
Bai Zhu bitter, sweet warm SP ST 60g (15g) Bai Zhu deputy Strengthens the LU(metal) by cultivating the SP(ea rth )
Fang Feng acrid, sweet sl warm UB LV SP 60g (15g) Fang Feng assistant Circulates in the exterior of the body where it expels wind

Actions: Augment the Qi, stabilize the exterior, and stop sweating "" Modifications
1. externally-contract ed disorders w ith aversion to wind, sweating, & moderate pulse: + Gui Zh i
Indications· Defensive Qi deficiency causinl! sweatinl! 2. persistent sweating: + M u Li, Fu Xiao Mai, Wu Wei Zi
3. chronic or allergic rhinitis with appropriate presentation: + Xin Yi Hua, Cang Er Zi, Bai Zhi
Signs & aversion to drafts, Sj:1ontaneous sweating, recurrent colds, a shiny, j:1a le
4. bronchitis in children: + Shan Yao, Chen Pi, Da Zao
Symptoms comj:1lexion
5. hypotension: + Sheng Mai San
Tongue j:1a le + white coat ing 6. allergic rhinitis: + Cang Er Zi Sa n
Pulse floating, deficient, and soft
"" Identification of Patterns

Cautions & Contraindications

Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yi n
Shang Han Lun not applicable
• none noted in Bensky
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Biomedically-defined disorders: Zang Fu LU and SP Qi deficiency
• upper respiratory tract infection, exacerbation of chron ic bronchitis, mild bronchitis Five Elements Earth not generating Metal
(especially in children), allergic rhinitis, hyperthyroid condition, and autonomic dyston ia.
"" Comparison
• Yu Ping Feng San vs. Gui Zh i Tang c 554

• CASE: Hannah, 37-year-old fema le; She reports of having suffered f rom allergic rhi nit is for
over ten years. The rhinitis is worse with cold, and worse during the wi nter season and spring.
She requests a prescription to help prevent recurri ng colds. Her complexion is pale and she has
aversion to wind. Her tongue is slightly pa le and toothmarked with a t hin wh it e coat ing. Her
pulse is weak.

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II Actions 4 Modifications
• Warm and tonify KD and SP Yang 1. prolapsed rectum: + Huang Qi, Dang Shen, Sheng Ma
• Bind up the Intestines, and stop diarrhea 2. more severe Yang deficiency with uncontrolled diarrhea: + Fu Zhi, Rou Gui
3. interior cold with abdominal pain and nausea: + Li Zhong Wan
Indications: -ltlal '111!11-IIIIwiiiW
diarrhea which occurs dailll just before sunrise (called cock-crow diarrhea or
4 Associated Formulas
• Dan Liao Si Shen Wan
Signs & day-break diarrhea), lack of interest in food and inabilitll to digest what is
Symptoms • Vi Huang San
eaten, soreness of the lower back with cold limbs, fatigue and lethari!Jl. There
may also be abdominal 11ain
4 Identification of Patterns
Tongue 11ale + thin, white coating
Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency I Yin
Pulse submerged, slow and forceless Shang Han Lun Shao Yin - Cold pattern
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Cautions & Contraindications lang Fu KD and SP Yang deficiency
• Contra: accumulation or stagnation in the ST or Intestines Five Elements Mingmen Fire not generating Earth

Biomedically-defined disorders: 4 Comparison

• chronic colitis, chronic dl(sentery, autonomic dystonia of the intestinal tract, tuberculosis of
the colon, and allergic colitis.
• Si Shen Wan vs. Li Zhong Wan c S54

4 CASE: Joshua, 55-year-old male; He has diarrhea every morning around Sam. He has no
appetite and indigestion. His lower back is sore. He has abdominal pain sometimes, cold hands
and feet, fatigue, and weakness. His tongue is pale and his pulse is deep and weak.
 51. GU JING WAN (Stabilize the M enses Pill) "" Hierarchy and Functions
Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions
Gui Ban salty, sweet cold HT KD LV 30g Gui Ban Enriches yin and treats the heat associated w ith yin deficiency
king
Bai Shao bitter, sour cool LV SP 30g Bai Shao Enriches yin and nourishes the blood
Huang Qin bitter cold GB L1 LU ST 30g Huang Qin Clears heat from the upper burner
deputy
Huang Bai bitter cold KD UB 9g Huang Bai Clears heat from lower burner, especially heat from deficiency
Xiang Fu acrid, sl bitter, sl sweet neutral LV SJ 7.5g Xiang Fu Regu lates the qi and relieves the constraint of LV
assistant
Chun Gen Pi bitter, astri ngent cold Ll ST 21g Chun Gen Pi Binds up blood & prevents abandoned disorder from developing

Actions "" Modifications

• Nourish Yin, clear heat 1. more severe Yin deficiency characterized by menstruation that lingers on with scanty, red
• St op uterine bleeding, and stabilize the menses blood, malar flush, hot palms and soles, dry t hroat and mouth, a red tongue with little
coating, and a t hready, rapid pulse: - Huang Qin, Xiang Fu, + Di Gu Pi, Shu Di Huang
Indications· Constrained LV Fire injuring the Chong & Ren channels causinl! Benl! Lou syndrome 2. severe bleeding: + Di Yu, Xian He Cao

continuous menstruation or uterine bleeding t hat alternates between trickling

"" Identification of Patterns
Signs & and gushing (Beng Lou). The blood is very red and may contain dark-[1ur(:11e
Symptoms clots. Accompanying signs and symptoms includes a sensation of heat and Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Deficiency I Yin
irritability in the chest, abdominal (:1ain, dark urine Shang Han Lun Shao Yin - Heat pattern
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Tongue red
Zang Fu LV and KD Yin deficiency & LV stagnation transform ing to fire
Pulse ra[1id, wiry
Five Elements Water not generating Wood

Cautions & Contraindications

"" Comparison
• none noted in Bensky • Gu Jing Wan vs. Wen Jing Tang c 554

Biomedically-defined disorders:
• functional uterine bleeding and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.
"" CASE: Ke lly, 45-year-old fema le; She presents with continual menstrual bleeding for the past
week and an increased amount of stress in every aspect of her life. The past severa l months
her menstruation has come early and has lasted over a week with the bleeding alternating
between a light amount and a heavy flow. The blood is bright red or dark red with purple
clots. Her other symptoms include hot f lashes, a dry mouth, irritabi lity, a feel ing of heat in the
chest, and fairly constant abdom inal pain. Her tongue is red with th in, yellow dry coating, and
her pulse is wiry, rapid and thready.

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YU PING FENG SAN GUI ZHI TANG Sl SHEN WAN L1 ZHONG WAN ==
c

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Ingredients
•Huang Qi
•Bai Zhu
•Fang Feng
•Gui Zhi
•Bai Shao
• Sheng Jiang
Ingredients
•Bu Gu Zhi
•Rou Dou Kou
•Wu Zhu Yu
• Gan Jiang
• Ren Shen
• Ba i Zhu
5
•Da Zao • Wu Wei Zi • Zhi Gan Cao
3 • Zhi Gan Cao • Sheng Jiang
~ •Da Zao
AI Dui-Yao Huang Qi + Fang Feng Gui Zhi + Bai Shao
::::!. Warm and tonify Yang, stop diarrhea
Ill
0 Augment Qi, St abilize exterior, Disperse W·C, Harmonize Ying and Wei, Functions
:II Functions
stop sw eating Promot e sweating Tonify SP/KD, bind up t he intestines Strengthen SP/ ST
Sweating with deficiency syndrome involved
Chron ic diarrhea due to Yang deficiency
Indications
Wei Qi deficiency Ying and Wei disharmony Indications
KD/SP Yang deficiency SP Yang deficiency
-+ Cock-crow diarrhea -+ diarrhea or loose stool
spontaneous sweating, aversion to wind, ® f loating
Symptoms
profuse sweating, recurrent colds, sl ight sweating, chills, low fever,
GJ pale headache, GJ normal

C2) YU PING FENG SAN & SHENG MAl SAN

@ GU JING WAN & WEN JING TANG
YU PING FENG SAN SHENG MAl SAN WEN JING TANG
GU JING WAN
•Huang Qi •Ren Shen •Gui Ban • Wu Zhu Yu
Ingredients • Bai Zhu • Mai Men Dong •Bai Shao • Gui Zhi
• Fang Feng • Wu Wei Zi •H uang Qin • Dang Gui
•H uang Bai • Ch uan Xiong
Dui·Yao Huang Qi + Fang Feng Mai Men Dong + Wu Wei Zi • Xiang Fu • Bai Shao
• Chun Gen Pi • E Jiao
Ingredients
• Mai Men Dong
LU deficiency • Mu Dan Pi
Indications • Ren Shen
Wei Qi deficiency Qi and Yin deficiency • Gan Cao
• Sheng Jiang
sponta neous sweating • Ba n Xia

aversion to drafts, spontaneous sweats,
Symptoms
recurrent colds, a shiny, pale face
GJ pale, white coating
® floating, deficient, and soft
Shortness of breath, dry mouth, chronic Nourish
cough with sparse sputum Functions
Nourish Yin, clear heat, stop bleeding, Nourish Blood, wa rms t he menses,
GJ pa le, red, dry thin coating stabilize the menses dispel blood st asis
® deficient, rapid, thready
Injury of Chong/ Ren channel
Indications
LV Fire -+ Yin deficiency Heat Deficiency Cold + Blood stasis

continuous menstruation or uterine bleeding

Symptoms
Beng Lou Irregular menses (either early or late),
(alternating gushing and trickling) cold in the lower abdomen
 ~ CALM SHEN ~~$1.:11 (£! C!X11 ) ~ KING HERBS

CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY FORMULAS FORM ULA KING HERBS

52 Suan Zao Ren Tang 52 Suan Zao Ren Tang Suan Zao Ren
-
53 CALM SHEN Nourish Heart & Calm Spirit Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan 53 Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan Sheng Di Huang
-
54 Gan Mai Da Zao Tang 54 Gan Mai Da Zao Tang Fu Xiao M ai

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3 52. SUAN ZAO REN TANG (Sour Jujube Decoction) 4 Hierarchy and Functions
en
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CD Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels DOsage Ingredient ·. Hierarchy Fu~s 0
::s Suan Zao Ren sour, sweet neutral GB HT LV SP 15-lBg Suan Zao Ren king Nourishes the HT and LV while calming the spirit :a
warm LV GB PC Regulates the LV blood by encouraging it to flow freely !I
Chuan Xiong acrid 6g Chuan Xiong deputy
c
Fu Ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 6g Fu Ling Calms the spirit and tonifies the SP and ST
Zhi Mu
Gan Cao
bitter
sweet
cold
neutral
LU ST KD
HT LU SP ST
6g
3g
Zhi Mu
Gan Cao
assistant

envoy
Enriches the yin, clears heat, and moistens internal dryness
Regulates the actions of the others and harmonizes middle
E
Actions 4 Modifications
• Nourish the Blood, calm the spirit 1. deficient HT and GB Qi manifesting as dream-disturbed sleep, waking up at night
• Clear heat, and eliminate irritability terrified, palpitations, a pale tongue body, and a wiry, thready pulse: + Dang Shen, Long Gu
2. night sweats: + Mu li, Wu Wei Zi
Indications· LV Blood deflclencv causinR Yin deficiencv with Heat 3. severe fire from deficiency: - Chuan Xiong, + Han Lian Cao, Nu Zhen Zi, Bai Shao
4. deficiency of both the HT and SP: + Gui Pi Tang
Signs & irritability, inability to slee[1, [1al[1itations, night sweats, dizziness and vertigo,
Symptoms dry throat and mouth
4 Associated Formulas
Tongue dry, red • Zhen Zhu Mu Wan
Pulse wiry, thready, ra[1id
4 Identification of Patterns

Cautions & Contraindications Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Deficiency I Yin

• none noted in Bensky Shang Han Lun Shao Yin - Heat pattern
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Biomedically-defined disorders: Zang Fu LV and HT Blood/Yin deficiency
Five Elements Wood not generating Fire

4 Comparison
• Suan Zao Ren Tang vs. Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan vs. Gui Pi Tang c 559

4 CASE: Ashley, 45-year-old female; She has been suffering from insomnia for the past three
months. She also has dizziness, blurred vision, anxiety, palpitations, night sweating, and dry
mouth. Tongue is red, coating is dry. Pulse is wiry and thready.
 53. TIAN WANG BU XIN DAN (Emperor of Heaven's Special Pill to Tonify Heart) • Hierarchy and Functions
Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions
Sheng Di Huang sweet, bitter cold HT LV KD 120g Sheng Di Huang king Enriches the KD yin (water), controls the fire
Dan Shen bitter sl cold HT PC LV 1Sg Dan Shen Tonifies the blood to nourish the HT w ithout causing stasis
deputy 1
Dang Gui sweet, acrid, bitter warm HT LV SP 30g Dang Gui Tonifies the blood to nourish the HT without causing stasis
Bai Zi Ren sweet neutral HT KD Ll SP 30g Bai Zi Ren Calms the spirit
deputy 2
Yuan Zhi bitter, acrid sl warm HT LU 15g Yuan Zhi Calms the spirit
Ren Shen sweet, sl bitter sl warm LU SP 1Sg Ren Shen Assists the HT qi
deputy 3
Fu Ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 15g Fu Ling Assists the HT qi
Tian Men Dong sweet, bitter very cold KD LU 30g Tian Men Dong Enriches the yin and clears heat from deficiency
Mai Men Dong sweet, sl bitter sl cold HT LU ST 30g Mai Men Dong assistant 1 Enriches the yin and clears heat from deficiency
Xuan Shen salty, sweet, bitter cold KD LU ST 15g Xuan Shen Enriches the yin and clears heat from deficiency
Wu Wei Zi sour warm HT KD LU 30g Wu Wei Zi Prevents the leakage of HT qi
assistant 2
Suan Zao Ren sour, sweet neutral GB HT LV SP 30g Suan Zao Ren Prevents the leakage of HT qi
Jie Geng bitter, acrid neutral LU 15g Jie Geng Conducts the others upward toward the abode of spirit
envoy
Zhu Sha sweet cool, toxic HT 15g Zhu Sha Anchors and calms the wayward spirit
Long Van Rou sweet warm HT SP 6-15g long Van Rou decoction Ca lms the spirit

Actions • Modifications
• Enrich the Yin and Blood, tonify the Heart and Kidney 1. severe palpit ation and insomnia: + Long Van Rou, Ye Jiao Teng
• Clear deficiency heat and calms the spirit 2. severe dry mouth and throat: + Shi Hu
3. mouth and t ongue sores: + Lian Xin
Indicat ions: HT & KD Yin & Blood deficiency wit h deficient Fire
"" Associated Formulas
irritabilit'{, J:1al(:1itation with anxiet'{, fatigue, insomnia with ver'i restless slee(:1,
• Yang Xin Tang
Signs & inabilit'{ to think or concentrate for even short periods of time, nocturnal
• Bai Zi Yang Xin Wan
Symptoms emissions, forgetfulness, dr'i stools. There may also be sores of the mouth and
tongue, low grade fever, and night sweats
• Identification of Patterns
Tongue red + little coating
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Deficiency I Yin
Pulse thread'{, ra(:1id Shang Han lun Shao Yin - Heat pattern
Wen Bing l un not applicable
Cautions & Cont raindicat ions Zang Fu HT and KD Yin deficiency
• Contra: Because this formula contains toxic substances (Cinnabarisl, it should not be taken Five Elements Water not controlling Fire
long-term.
• Comparison
Biomedically-defined disorders: • Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan vs. Suan Zao Ren Tang vs. Gui Pi Tang c 559
• heart disease, menopausal syndrome, chronic urticaria, apthous ulcers, and neurasthenia. It
is especially useful for patients who have taken tranquilizers of sleeping pills for so long • CASE: Veronica, 28-year-old fem ale; She has been suffering from insomnia for the past four
n that they have ceased to have any effect. months. She has difficulty falling asleep, once asleep has many dreams some that startle her
Ill
and make her irritable. She notices at times that she has palpitations with anxiety, she also has
3 recently been experiencing memory loss, difficulty concentrating and fatigue. Lastly she states
en
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:::s
that she has a history of night sweats, hot flashes, irregular menses and const ipation. Her
tongue has little coating and the tip is red, and her pulse is thready and rapid .
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54. GAN MAl DA ZAO TANG (Licorice, Wheat, and Jujube Decoction) Hierarchy and Functions
·.:. FlDti!)llS i .. ....... ..
·
.,
fllfiredient Taste / / ~~re Charlnels Dosage Ingredient ~itr~r<:hv
... .·.. ··
0
Fu Xiao Mal
Gan Cao
sweet, salty
sweet
cool
neutral
HT
HT LU SP ST
9-lSg
9g
Fu Xiao Mal
Gan Cao
king Regulates and nourishes the qi and yin of the HT
Nourishes the HT and harmonizes the middle burner
;c
deputy
Da Zao sweet neutral SP ST 10 pieces Da Zao Augments the qi and moistens internal dryness
E
Actions oft Modifications
• Nourish the HT, clams the spirit, and soothe mental tension 1. irritability with heat in the chest & other signs of more severe HT Yin deficiency: + Bai He,
• Harmonizes the middle burner Bai Zi Ren
2. insomnia with a thready, wiry pulse from LV blood deficiency: + Suan Zao Ren
Indications· HT Yin deficlenc:v wlthlV constraint causlna: R~fal!g Zao) svndrorne 3. constipation: + Hei Zhi Ma, He Shou Wu
4. enuresis: + Sang Piao Xiao, Vi Zhi Ren, Tu Si Zi
disorientation, frequent attacks of melanchol',' and C[Ying S!;!ells, inabilit',' to
Signs & 5. palpitation, SOB, low appetite, ®; swollen, tooth-marked & ®; thready, weak: + Gui Pi Tang
control oneself, restless slee11 (sometimes with night sweats), frequent bouts of
Symptoms 6. sinus arrhythmias and a choppy pulse: + Dang Shen, Zi Shi Ying
','awning. In severe cases, the behavior and s11eech become abnormal
7. mild cases of schizophrenia: + Gui Zhi, Long Gu, Mu Li
Tongue red + s11arse coating
Pulse thread',', ra!;!id oft Identification of Patterns

Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Deficiency I Yin

Cautions & Contraindications Shang Han lun Shao Yin
• none noted in Bensky Wen Bing lun not applicable
Zang Fu HT deficiency with LV Qi stagnation
Biomedically-defined disorders: Five Elements not applicable
• h','steria, neurosis, menopausal syndrome, autonomic dystonia, enuresis, and fever of
unknown origin. oft Comparison
• Gan Mai Da Zao Tang vs. Xiao Yao San c 559

oft CASE: Daria, 40-year-old female; She presents with disorientation and depression. Further she
states that prior to the depression that she has been experiencing periods of despondent
moodiness, and has always cried easily, sometimes for no reason. Her sleep is restless, waking
several times during the night. Her tongue is pale and coated white, and her pulse is thready
and wiry.
 " COMPARISON "

CD SUAN ZAO REN TANG & TIAN WANG BU XIN DAN & GUI PI TANG (2) GAN MAl DA ZAO TANG & XIAO YAO SAN

SUAN ZAO REN TANG TIAN WANG BU XIN DAN GUI PI TANG GAN MAl DA ZAO TANG XIAO YAO SAN

•Suan Zao Ren •Sheng Di Huang •Ren Shen •Fu Xiao Mai • Chai Hu
•Chuan Xiong •Dan Shen •Huang Qi •Gan Cao • Dang Gui
•Fu Ling •Dang Gui •Bai Zhu •Da Zao • Ba i Shao
• Zhi M u •Bai Zi Ren •Zhi Gan Cao • Bai Zhu
Ingredients
•Gan Cao • Yuan Zhi •Dang Gui • Fu Ling
• Ren Shen • Lo ng Van Rou • Zhi Gan Cao
• Fu Ling • Suan Zao Ren • Wei Jiang
Ingredients •Tia n Men Do ng •Zhi Yuan Zhi • Bo He
• M ai Men Do ng •Fu Ling (Fu Shen)
• Xuan Shen •Mu Xiang Relieve depression and mood iness
• Wu Wei Zi • Sheng Jiang Functions
• Sua n Zao Ren •Da Za o Nou rish HT and Calm Shen Harmonize LV and SP
• Jie Geng
• Zhu Sha LV Qi stagnation
• Long Va n Rou Indications
Common HT Yin deficiency LV Blood & SP Qi deficiency
Suan Zao Ren, Fu Li ng
herbs
Yu syndrome (depression), moodiness
Restless spirit (Target: HT)
Indications disorientation, frequent at tacks of hypochondriac pain, headache, vertigo,
LV Blood deficiency KD Yin deficiency SP Qi deficiency me lancholy and crying spells, inability a bitter taste, dry mout h and throat,
+ HT Yin deficiency + HT Heat + HT Blood deficiency Symptoms to control oneself, restless sleep, night fatigue, reduced appetite; may be
sweats, frequent bouts of alternating fever and chills, and
insomnia, pa lpitation, anxiety, poor memory, ® thready yawning, abnormal behavior and speech irregular menses or dist ended breasts
(f) red, sparse coating (f) pale-red tongue
Symptoms restless sleep frequent waking up difficult y fa lling asleep
® thready, rapid ® wiry, deficient
(f) red, dry (f) red, little coating (f) pale, t hin white coat
® wiry, rapid ® rapid ® weak

HT7, SP6, Anmian, UBlS

Acupuncture
UB18, LV8 UB23, KD3 UB20, ST36

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~ EXPEL WIND ;'tl!lJliJ ( ~I~Xil ) ~ KING HERBS

CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY FORMULAS FORMULA KING HERBS

55 Xiao Feng San 55 Xiao Feng San Jing Jie, Fang Feng, Niu Bang Zi, Cha n Tui
f--- EXPEL Release Wind from Skin & Channels
56 Xiao Huo Luo Dan 56 Xiao Huo luo Dan Zhi Chuan Wu, Zhi Cao Wu
f--- WIND
57 Extinguish Internal Wind Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin 57 Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin Tian Ma, Gou Teng, Shi Jue M ing
55. XIAO FENG SAN (Eliminate Wind Powder) • Hierarchy and Functions
Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions
Jing Jie acrid sl wa rm, aromatic LU LV 3g Jing Jie Unblocks interstices and pores and disperse ext ernal wind
Fang Feng acrid, sweet sl warm UB LV SP 3g Fang Feng Unblocks interstices and pores and disperse external wind
king
Niu Bang Zi acrid, bitter cold LU ST 3g Niu Bang Zi Unblocks interstices and pores and disperse external wind
Chan Tui sweet, salty sl cold LU LV 3g Chan Tui Unblocks interstices and pores and disperse external wind
Cang Zhu acrid, bitter warm, aromatic SP ST 3g Cang Zhu Dries dampness
Ku Shen bitter cold UB HT LV Ll 51 3g Ku Shen deputy 1 Clears damp-heat
Mu Tong bitter cool UB HT 51 l.Sg Mu Tong Drains damp-heat through the urine
Shi Gao sweet, acrid very cold LU ST 3g Shi Gao Clears qi-level heat, prevents from advancing to deeper level
deputy 2
Zhi Mu bitter cold LU ST KD 3g Zhi Mu Clears qi-level heat, prevents from advancing to deeper level
Sheng Di Huang sweet, bitter cold HT LV KD 3g Sheng Di Huang Cools the blood
Dang Gui sweet, acrid, bitter warm HT LV SP 3g Dang Gui assistant Nourishes and invigorates the blood
Hei Zhi Ma sweet neutral KD LV 3g Hei Zhi Ma Nourishes the blood and moistens
Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST l.Sg Gan Cao envoy Clea rs heat, relieves toxicity, and harmonizes the others

Actions • Modifications
• Disperse Wind, eliminate damp, and stop itching 1. severe wind-heat and toxin: + Jin Yin Hua, Lian Qiao, Pu Gong Ying, Ye Ju Hua
• Clear heat, and Nourish Blood 2. severe heat in the blood: + Dan Pi, Chi Shao, Zi Cao
3. severe dampness: + Vi Vi Ren, Bai Xian Pi, Di Fu Zi
Indications· Wind-Damp-Heat in the skin causing pruritus 4. severe wind: + Bai Hua She, Quan Xie, Fu Ping

Signs &
itch',', weej:1, red skin lesions over a large part of the body • Associated Formulas
Symptoms
• Xiao Feng San 2
Tongue ','ellow or white coating • Xiao Feng San 3
Pulse forceful, f loating, raj:1id • Si Wu Xiao Feng Yin

• Identification of Patterns
Cautions & Contraindications
• Contra: in cases with marked Qi or Blood deficiency Eight Principles Exterior + Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang
Shang Han Lun not applicable
Biomedically-defined disorders: Wen Bing Lun Qi level
• urticaria, eczema, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, Schonlein-Henoch purpura, tinea infection, and Zang Fu not applicable
diaper rash. Five Elements not appl icab le

• Comparison

• CASE: Linda, 42-year-old female; Linda compla ins of ch ronic eczema. Four days ago, she had
a flare-up of her condition that included increased itch ing after eating some spicy Chinese food
On examination you find her elbows to be red and dry, with blistering and scaling as we ll.
When she scratches, a yellowish substance seeps out. Her tongue is red and coated with yel low
moss, and her pulse is floating, rapid and rolling.

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56. XIAO HUO LUO DAN (Minor Invigorate the Collaterals Special Pill) • Hierarchy and Functions
"''I
Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions 0
Zhi Cao Wu acrid, bitter warm, very toxic HT LV SP 180g Zhi Gao Wu Warms the channels and disperse cold and dampness ::a
king
Warms the channels and disperse cold and dampness
3::
Zhi Chuan Wu acrid, bitter warm, very toxic HT LV SP 180g Zhi Chuan Wu c
bitter, acrid warm, toxic LV LU SP 180g deputy St rongly expels wind and scours out ph legm
E
Tian Nan Xing Tian Nan Xing
Mo Yao bitter neutral HT LV SP 66g Mo Yao Invigorates blood and increase the flow in the channels
assistant 1
Ru Xlang acrid, bitter warm HT LV SP 66g Ru Xiang Invigorates blood and increase the f low in the channels
Di long salty cold UB LV LU SP 180g Di Long assistant 2 Opens the collaterals and invigorates the blood

Actions • Modifications
• Warm the channels, Invigorate the blood, unblock the collaterals 1. damp-predominant disorders: + Cang Zhu, Guang Fang Ji, Vi Yi Ren
• Dispel dampness, and transforms phlegm 2. wind-predominant disorders: + Qin Jiao, Fang Feng
3. severe cold: 1'Chuan Wu, Cao Wu Tou
Indications 4. disabling pain: 1'Ru Xiang, Mo Yao
(1)· Wind-Phlegm obstruction + Blood stasis in the channels and collaterals 5. LV and KD deficiency: + Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang

Signs & chronic ~ain, weakness, and numbness (especially in the lower extremities) due
• Identification of Patterns
Symptoms to wind-stroke; the symptoms are aggravated by cold
Tongue white, moist coating
Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Excess I Yin
Shang Han Lun not applicable
Pulse wiry, rolling
Wen Bing lun not applicable
Zang Fu not applicable
(2): Wind-Cold-Damp Bi syndrome Five Elements not applicable

Also for fixed or migrating ~ain in the bones and joints with reduced range of
Signs & • Comparison
motion due to wind-cold-damp painful obstruction; the symptoms are
Symptoms
aggravated by cold • Xiao Huo Luo Dan vs. Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang c 564

• CASE: Charles, 50-year-old male; Charles complains that his left shoulder has been spra ined
Cautions & Contraindications and t ight since last month 's water skiing trip, he also states that is usually stiff and the pain is
• Contra: weak patient, Yin deficiency or during pregnancy worse on cold, cloudy or rainy days. His tongue is coated white, and his pulse is wiry and
rolling.
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• hemi~legia after cerebrovascular accident, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and peripheral
nervous disorders.
 57. TIAN MA GOU TENG YIN (Gastrodia and Uncaria Decoction) 4 Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Tian Ma sweet neutral LV 9g Tian Ma Calms the LV and extinguish wind
Gou Teng sweet cool HT LV 12-15g Gou Teng king Calms the LV and ext inguish wind
Shi Jue Ming salty cold KD LV 18-24g Shi Jue Ming Calms the LV and extinguish wind
Zhi Zi bitter cold HT LV LU ST SJ 9g Zhi Zi Drains fire, and preve nts heat from rising in LV channels
deputy
Huang Qin bitter cold GB L1 LU ST 9g Huang Qin Drains fire, and prevents heat from rising in LV channels
Vi Mu Cao acrid, bitter sl cold HT LV UB 9-12g Vi Mu Cao assistant 1 Invigorates the blood to support proper blood circulation
Chuan Niu Xi sweet, bitter neutral KD LV 12g Chuan Niu Xi assistant 2 Descends to conduct the blood downward, tonifies LVIKD
Du Zhong sweet, sl acrid warm KD LV 9-12g Du Zhong Tonifies and nourishes the LV and KD
assistant 3
Sang Ji Sheng bitter neutral KD LV 9-24g Sang Ji Sheng Tonifies and nourishes the LV and KD
Ye Jiao Teng sweet, sl bitter neutral HT LV 9-30g Ye Jiao Teng Calms the spirit and steady the will
assistant 4
Fu Shen sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 9-15g Fu Shen Calms the spirit and steady the will

Actions 4 Modifications
• Calm the Liver and extinguish Wind 1. more severe symptoms: + Ling Yang Jiao
• Clear heat, invigorates the blood, and tonify the Liver and Kidney
4 Identification of Patterns
Ind ications
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Deficiency + Excess I Yang
(1)· LV Yang rising · Deficiency (root·lO%) + Excess (manifestation·90%)
Shang Han Lun Shao Yin
Signs & headache, dizziness, vertigo, tinnitus, blurred vision, a sensation of heat rushing W en Bing l un not applicable
Symptoms to the head, insomnia with dream-disturbed sleep Zang Fu LV Yang rising
Five Element s Water not generating Wood
Tongue red + yellow coating
Pulse wiry, ra~;~id
4 Comparison
• Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin vs. Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang c 564

In severe cases there may also be numbness, twitching and s~;~asm in the 4 CASE: Jeremy, 40-year-old male; His chief complaint is tremors and high blood pressure which

extremities, or
Cautions & Contraindications
• none noted in Bensky
hemi~;~legia
have been progressively worse for the past year. His Blood Pressure is 1951110. Jeremy's other
symptoms include tinnitus, insomnia and blurred vision. He states that recently he has begun
feeling dizzy and getting headaches. His tongue is red with a thick yellow coating, and his pulse
is wiry and rapid.

Biomedically-defined disorders:
• cerebrovascular disease, transitory ischemic attacks, essential hy~;~ertension, renal
hy~;~ertension, hypertensive encephalopathy, focal disorders of the higher nervous functions
such as aphasia and apraxia, epilepsy, and neurosis.

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 ~ COMPARISON ~

CD XIAO HUO LUO DAN & DU HUO Jl SHENG TANG <2) TIAN MA GOU TENG YIN & BAN XIA BAI ZHU TIAN MA TANG

XIAO HUO LUO DAN DU HUO Jl SHENG TANG TIAN MA GOU TENG YIN BAN XIA BAI ZHU TIAN MA TANG
(')
0 •Zhi Cao Wu •Du Huo •Tian M a • Ban Xia
,3
Ill
•Zhi Chuan Wu
• Tian Nan Xing
• Xi Xin
• Fang Feng
•Gou Teng
•Shi Jue M ing
•Tian Ma
• Bai Zhu
•Mo Yao • Qin Jiao • Zhi Zi • Ju Hong
::!.
Ul • Ru Xiang • Sang Ji Sheng • Huang Qin • Fu Ling
0 • Di Long • Du Zhong Ingredients • Yi Mu Cao • Sheng Jiang
:I • Da Zao
•Niu Xi • Chaun Niu Xi
Ingredients •Rou Gui • Du Zhong • Gan Cao
•Dang Gui • Sang Ji Sheng
• Chuan Xiong • Ye Jiao Teng
• Sheng Di Huang • Fu Shen
• Ba i Shao Common
• Ren Shen Tia n Ma
herbs
• Fu Ling
• Zhi Gan Cao Dui-Yao Du Zhong + Sang Ji Sheng Ban Xia + Tian M a
Dui-Yao Ru Xiang + Mo Yao Du Zhong + Sang Ji Sheng
Internal LV Wind
Indications
W ind-Cold-Damp obstructing the channels/collaterals ~ LV Win d Wind-Phlegm ~ headache and dizziness
LV Yang rising
Indications
Acute Bi Chronic Bi
Wind-Phlegm + Blood stasis LV/KD deficiency + Qi/Biood deficiency
dizziness, headache, vertigo, ® wiry

Symptoms numbness, twitching and spasm in t he stifling sensation in the chest, nausea
joint pain, stiffness, numbness, aversion to cold or vomiting, copious sputu m
extremities, or hemiplegia
fixed or migrating pain in the bones heavy and painful sensations in the d) red, yellow coating, ® rapid d) white greasy coating, ® rol ling
Symptoms
and joints (reduced range of motion) lower back and lower limbs
d) white, moist coating dJ pale, white coating
® wiry, rolling ® thready, weak, slow
 ~ DISSOLVE PHLEGM ~ffll!:ll PiEIXil ) ~ KING HERBS

CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY FORMULAS FORMULA KING HERBS

58 Dry Damp & Transform Phlegm Er Chen Tang 58 Er Chen Tang Ban Xi a, Ju Hong (-+ Chen Pi)
f--
59 Clear Heat & Transform Phlegm Wen Dan Tang 59 Wen Dan Tang Zhu Ru
r-- DISSOLVE
60 Moisten Dryness & Transform Phlegm Bei Mu Gua Lou San 60 Bei Mu Gua Lou San Chuan Bei Mu
f-- PHLEGM
61 Zhi Sou San 61 Zhi Sou San Zi Wan, Bai Bu, Bai Qian
- Extinguish Wind & Transform Phlegm
62 Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang 62 Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang Ban Xia, Tian Ma

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.,
,::r~ Ingredient
Ban Xia
Taste
acrid
Temperature
warm, toxic
Channels
LU SP ST
Dosage
15g
Ingredient
Ban Xia
Hierarchy

king
Functions
Dries dampness, expels phlegm, and descends rebellious ST qi
0
~
!I:
i Ju Hong acrid, bitter warm LU ST 15g Ju Hong Revives SP and facilitates the flow of the middle burner qi c
ca Leaches out damp from t he middle burner and strengthen SP
3
Cl
Fu ling
Zhi Gan Cao
(Sheng Jiang)
sweet, bland
sweet
acrid
neutral
warm
warm
HT SP LU
HT LU SP ST
LU SP ST
9g
4.5g
7 pieces
Fu ling
Zhi Gan Cao
(Sheng Jiang)
deputy
assistant Tonifies the SP
Reinforces the action of Ban Xia in controlling nausea
E
AI envoy
,3 (Wu Mei) sour warm Ll LV LU SP 1 piece (Wu Mei) Counterbalances the dispersing tendencies of the chief herb

.Ia
::r Actions ... Modifications
i • Dry damp and transform phlegm 1. damp-heat in the upper burner: + Huang Qin, Zhi Zi, Xing Ren, Jie Geng
ca 2. damp-heat in the middle burner: + Huang Lian, Huo Xiang, Hou Po, Yi Yi Ren
3 • Regulate the Qi and harmonize the MJ
3. damp-heat in the lower burner: + Ku Shen, Huang Bai, Hua Shi
4. wind-dampness: + Wei Ling Xian, Qin Jiao, Cang Er Zi, Gui Zhi
-
Indications· Damp Phlegm syndrome in LU
5. cough with copious sputum due to externally-contracted cold in LU: + Ma Huang, Xing Ren
coughing with co1;1ious, white s1;1utum that is easil'!' ex1;1ectorated, focal 6. vomiting due to cold in the ST: + Gan Jiang, Sha Ren
Signs & 7. vomiting of clear fluids: + Cang Zhu, Bai Zhu
distention and a stifling sensation in the chest and dia1;1hragm, 1;1al[1itations,
Symptoms 8. chronic phlegm in the channels & flesh leading to rubbery nodules: + Mu li, Xuan Shen,
nausea or vomiting, dizziness
Kun Bu, Hai Zao
Tongue swollen + white, thick, greas'i coating 9. SP and KD Yang def. characterized by coughing of thin, watery sputum, a submerged pulse,
and urinary difficulty: + Rou Gui, Fu Zi
Pulse rolling
10. insomnia and a desire to sleep during the day that worsens after meals: + Bai Zh u, Sh i
Chang Pu
11. severe coughing at night due to a combination of phlegm & blood deficiency: + Dang Gui
Cautions & Contraindications
12. damp-phlegm obstructing the womb with irregular menstruation and copious leukorrhea : +
• Caution: Improper use of this formula can lead to excessive thrist & a dry throat
Chuan Xiong, Dang Gui
• Contra: in cases with cough associated with LU Yin deficienc'i 13. concurrent dryness: Ban Xia -7 Gua Lou, Chuan Bei Mu

Biomedically-defined disorders: ... Associated Formulas

• upper respiratory tract infection, chronic bronchitis, goiter, chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and • Jin Shui Liu Jun Jian
Meniere' disease. • Liu An Jian
• Jia Wei Er Chen Tang
• Qing Shi Hua Tan Tang

... Identification of Patterns

Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency + Excess I Yin

Shang Han Lun not applicable
Wen Bing Lun not applicable
Zang Fu SP deficiency with Phlegm-Damp
Five Elements Earth not generating Metal

... Comparison
• Er Chen Tang vs. Wen Dan Tang vs. Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang c 571

... CASE: Daniel, 50-year-old male; He complains of cough with abundant ph legm, chest fullness
and stuffiness. He also has palpitation, vomiting, and dizziness. His tongue is swollen and has a
greasy coating. His pulse is ro lling.
 59. WEN DAN TANG (Warm te Gallbladder Decoction) • Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Zhu Ru sweet sl cold GB LU ST 6g Zhu Ru king Clears heat and phlegm from GB & ST, reverses rebellious qi
Zhi Shi bitter, acrid sl cold L1 SP ST 6g Zhi Shi deputy Reverses the flow of rebellious qi, and treats focal distention
Ban Xia acrid warm, toxic LU SP ST 6g Ban Xia Dries damp and expels phlegm, regulates qi, harmonizes ST
assistant 1
Chen Pi acrid, bitter warm, aromatic LU SP ST 9g Chen Pi Dries damp and expels phlegm, regulates qi, harmonizes ST
Fu Ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 4.5g Fu Ling Strengthens the SP, leaches out dampness, calms the spirit
assistant 2
Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST 3g Gan Cao Strengthens the SP, leaches out dampness
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 3-6g Sheng Jiang Regulates the relationship between GB and ST, stops vomiting
envoy
(Da Zao) sweet neutral SP ST 3-4 pieces (Da Zao) Strengthens the SP, harmonizes ST, and calms the spirit

Actions • Modifications
• Regulate the Qi and transform phlegm 1. severe vertigo: + Bai Shao, Dai Zhe Shi, Huang Qin
• Clear the Gallbladder and harmonize the Stomach 2. insomnia: + Hu Po, Suan Zao Ren, Mu Li
3. tinnitus & hearing loss due to retention of damp-heat in the GB: + Chai Hu, Gou Teng, Ju
-
Indications· GB and ST disharmony with Phlegm Heat accumulation Hua, Shi Chang Pu, Tong Cao
4. severe insomnia due to HT & GB deficiency (called 'high pillow' or 'no pillow' disorder): +
dizziness, vertigo, nausea or vomiting, insomnia, [)al[)itations, anxiety,
Signs & Ren Shen, Shi Gao, Mai Men Dong, Long Van Rou, Suan Zao Ren
indeterminate gnawing hunger, or seizures accompanied by copious sputum,
Symptoms
focal distention of the chest, a bitter taste in the mouth, slight thirst
• Associated Formulas
Tongue greas'{, '{ellow coating • Huang Lian Wen Dan Tang
Pulse ra[)id pulse that is either rolling or wiry • Shi Wei Wen Dan Tang
• Shi Yi Wei Wen Dan Tang

Cautions & Contraindications • Identification of Patterns

• none noted in Benksy
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang
Shang Han Lun Shao Yang
Biomedically-defined disorders:
• chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, chronic hepatitis, neurosis, earl'{ stages of schizo12hrenia, Wen Bing Lun Qi level
Meniere's disease, and chronic bronchitis. Zang Fu GB and ST disharmony
Five Elements Wood overacting Earth

• Comparison
• Wen Dan Tang vs. Ding Chuan Tang c 542
• Wen Dan Tang vs. Er Chen Tang vs. Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang c 571

• CASE: Christina 20-year-old female; Her chief complaint is a problem sleeping this last month.
c During intake, she states that she feels dizzy, nauseous and can feel her heart beat within her
iii' chest. She has a history of having a bitter taste in her mouth and always liked drinking cold
Ul
0 water. Her menstrual cycle has also been irregular for as long as she can remember. Her tongue
i, has a greasy yellow coating, and her pulse is wiry and rolling.

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0
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~

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I! Actions
• Moisten the Lung and clear heat 1. severe coughing and wheezing: + Xing Ren, Pi Pa Ye, Kuan Dong Hua
• Regulate the Qi, transform phlegm, and stop cough 2. concurrent exterior condition: + Sang Ye, Xing Ren, Qian Hu, Niu Bang Zi
3. hoarseness and blood-streaked sputum: - Ju Hong, + Sha Shen, Mai Men Dong, Lu Gen, Xian
ee-
Indications: He Cao
4. more severe dryness and sore throat: + Xuan Shen, Mai Men Dong, Zhi Mu
Signs & cough with dee~-seated s~utum that is difficult to ex~ectorate, wheezing, a
Symptoms dr~ and sore throat

Tongue red and d!Jl + little coating • Er Mu San

Pulse ra~id and thread~ but strong
• Identification of Patterns

Cautions & Contraindications Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang

• Contra: cough due to Yin deficiency Shang Han Lun not applicable
Wen Bing Lun Qi level
Biomedically-defined disorders: lang Fu Dry phlegm in the LU
• none noted in Benksy Five Elements Metal

• Bei Mu Gua Lou San vs. Sheng Mai San c 571

• CASE: Jenny, 42-year-old male; She has been suffering from weak bronchi. She now has dry
cough, and phlegm that's hard to expectorate. She has asthma and a dry, swollen and painful
throat. Her tongue is red and dry with a thready and rapid, but strong pulse.
 61. ZHI SOU SAN (Stop Coughing Powder) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Zi Wan bitt er sl warm LU 960g Zi Wan Stops cough and transforms phlegm, both in acute and chron ic
Bai Qian acrid, sweet sl warm LU 960g Bai Qian king Stops cough and transforms ph legm, both in acut e and chronic
Bai Bu sweet, bit ter sl warm LU 960g Bai Bu Stops cough and transforms ph legm, both in acute and chronic
Jie Geng bitter, acrid neutral LU 960g Jie Geng Encourages t he proper dissemination and descent of t he LU qi
deputy
Chen Pi acrid, bitt er warm, aromatic LU SP ST 480g Chen Pi Encourages the proper dissemination and descent of the LU qi
Jing Jie acrid sl warm, aromatic LU LV 960g Jing Jie assistant Eliminates the lingering pathogenic influence
Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST 360g Gan Cao envoy Harmonizes t he actions of the others, treats the t hroat disorders

Actions ... Modifications

• Stop coughing and t ra nsform phlegm 1. early stages of wind-cold: + decoct ion of Sheng Jiang (source text)
• Disperse the exterior and disseminates the Lung Qi 2. headache, stuffy nose, chills, and fever due to w ind-cold: + Fang Feng, Zi Su Ye, Sheng Jiang
3. thirst, irritability, and dark urine due to summer-heat attacking the LU: + Huang Lian, Huang
Indications· External Wind attackim~ the LU causing cough Qin, Tian Hua Fen
4. thick, sticky sputum from dampness transforming into phlegm: + Ban Xia, Fu Ling, Sang Bai
Signs &
coughing with or without slight chills and fever, an itch~ t hroat Pi, Sheng Jiang, Da Zao
Symptoms
5. dry, nonproductive cough: - Jing Jie, Chen Pi, + Gua Lou, Be i Mu, Zh i Mu, Bai Zi Ren
Tongue thin, white coating 6. sore throat, painful eyes, and more severe fever than chills due t o wind-heat: + Ju Hua,
Pulse moderate, float ing Sang Ye, Bo He, Huang Qin, Niu Bang Zi
7. copious sputum, reduced appetite, stif ling sensation in the chest, and a white, greasy tongue
Cautions & Contraindications
coating: + Er Chen Tang
• Contra: coughs associated with Yin deficiency or LU Heat

... Identification of Patterns

Biomedically-defined disorders:
• upper respirat ory t ract infect ion, acute bronchitis, pert ussis, and t he early stages of viral Eight Principles Exterior I Cold I Excess I Yang
and mycoplasmic pneumonia. Shang Han lun Tai Yang
Wen Bing lun not applicable
Zang Fu Invasion of LU by wind-cold
Five Elements not applicable

... Comparison
• Zhi Sou San vs. Sang Ju Yin c 571
• Zhi Sou San vs. Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang c 571

c ... CASE: Martin, 35-year-old male; Eight days ago he started to have a slight fever and a
iii' sensitivity to cold and wind. He also had a sudden decrease in sweat w it h a headache and a
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0 cough with th in w hite mucus and nasal congestion w it h discharge. He took an over the counter
i, cold pill and his cold is less severe, but now he has an it chy throat and his cough is worse. His
tongue is thin with a white coating and his pu lse is floating and moderate.
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62. BAN XIA BAI ZHU TIAN MA TANG (Pinellia, Atractylodes, & Gastrodia Decoction) "" Hierarchy and Functions
.,
Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions 0
Ban Xia acrid warm, toxic LU SP ST 4.Sg Ban Xia Dries damp, transforms ph legm, & directs rebellious qi down ::a
LV
king
Transforms phlegm, extinguishes wind, treats headache/dizziness
I:
Tian Ma sweet neutral 3g Tian Ma c
Bai Zhu bitter, sweet warm SP ST 9g deputy Strengthens t he SP and dries dampness
E
Bai Zhu
Ju Hong acrid, bitter warm LU ST 3g Ju Hong Regu lates t he qi and transforms phlegm
Fu Ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 3g Fu Ling Strengthens the SP and leaches out dampness
assist ant
Sheng Jiang acrid warm LU SP ST 1 slice Sheng Jiang Harmonizes the ST and SP
Da Zao sweet neut ral SP ST 2 pieces Da Zao Harmonizes the ST and SP
Gan Cao sweet neutral HT LU SP ST l.Sg Gan Cao envoy Harmonizes the others and mildly regu lates the middle burner

Actions "" Modifications

• Tra nsform phlegm and extinguish Wind 1. severe headache: + Man Jing Zi
• Strengthen t he Spleen and dispel Damp 2. severe vertigo: + Jiang Can, Dan Nan Xing
3. weakness: + Dang Shen, Huang Qi
Indications· Internal Wind-Phlegm rising upward causing dizziness and vertigo 4. tubercular meningitis: + Quan Xie, Di Long, Jiang Can (must be taken no less than 3
months)
Signs & dizziness or vertigo (£,1ossibly severe), headache, a stifling sensation in the
Symptoms chest nausea or vomiting, C0[1iOUS sQutum
"" Associated Formulas
Tongue white, greasy coating • Dao Tan Tang
Pulse wiry, rolling
"" Identification of Patterns
Cautions & Contraindications
• Contra: vertigo from either ascenda nt LV Ya ng or Blood deficiency Eight Principles Interior I Cold I Deficiency + Excess I Yin
Shang Han Lun not appl icable
Biomedically-defined disorders: Wen Bing Lun not applicable
• Meniere's disease, hypertension, tubercular meningitis, and benign positional vertigo Zang Fu LV Wind w ith Ph legm
Five Elements Water not generating Wood (root) + Wood overacting Earth (branch)

"" Comparison
• Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang vs. Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin c 564

• Ban Xi a Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang vs. Zhi Sou San c 571

• Ban Xi a Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang vs. Er Chen Tang vs. Wen Dan Tang c 571

• CASE: Chad, 39-year-old male; He experiences dizziness, vertigo and heavy-feeling headaches.
All of these symptoms are exacerbated with movement. When the "spells" occur he states that
along with the vertigo, he also feels nausea and an uncomfortable feel ing in the chest. He has
a greasy tongue coating and a w iry, rolling pulse.
 ~ COMPARISON ~

(D ER CHEN TANG & WEN DAN TANG & BAN XIA BAI ZHU TIAN MA TANG @ ZHI SOU SAN & SANG JU YIN

ER CHEN TANG WEN DAN TANG BAN XIA BAI ZHU TIAN MA T. ZHI SOU SAN SANG JU YIN
•Ban Xia •Zhu Ru •Ban Xia •Zi Wan •Sang Ye
•Ju Hong
•Fu Ling
• •Zh i Shi
•Ban Xia
•Tian Ma
•Bai Zhu
•Bai Qian
•Bai Bu
•Ju Hua
•Lian Qiao
Ingredients
•Zhi Gan Cao
•(Sheng Jiang)
•Chen Pi
•Fu Ling
• •Ju Hong
•Fu Ling
• Ingredients •Jie Geng
•Chen Pi
•Bo He
•Jie Geng
•(Wu Mei) •Gan Cao •Sheng Jiang •Jing Jie •Xing Ren
•Sheng Jiang •Da Zao •Gan Cao •Lu Gen
•(Da Zao) •Gan Cao •Gan Cao
Common Common
herbs Er Chen Tang herbs Jie Geng, Gan Cao

Phlegm Cough with exterior condition

Indications
Indications Damp-Phlegm (LU) Heat-Phlelm (GB,ST) Wind-Phlegm (LV)
External Wind attacking LU -+ cough External Wind-Heat -+ cough

""
Dry Damp Clear Heat ""
Extinguish Wind
cough, throat disorder, chills and fever, d) thin white coating, ® floating
nausea and vomiting, dizziness, chest and epigastric fullness, Symptoms
d) swollen, thick greasy coating, ® rolling with or without chills and fever, slight fever, slight thirst, s~ht sore
itchy throat throat, red painful eyes, P rapid
Symptoms cough w/ copious sputum, insomnia, palpitation, severe dizziness, vertigo,
distension in the chest anxiety headache
d) white coating d) yellow coating d) white coating
® rapid, wiry ® wiry

(2) BEl MU GUA LOU SAN & SHENG MAl SAN

@ ZHI SOU SAN & BAN XIA BAI ZHU TIAN MA TANG
BEl MU GUA LOU SAN SHENG MAl SAN
ZHI SOU SAN BAN XIA BAI ZHU TIAN MA TANG
•Chuan Bei Mu •Ren Shen
•Zi Wan •Ban Xia
•Gua Lou •Mai Men Dong
•Bai Qian •Tian Ma
•Tian Hua Fen •Wu Wei Zi
Ingredients •Bai Bu •Bai Zhu
•Fu Ling
Ingredients •Ji e Geng •Ju Hong
•Ju Hong
•Ch en Pi •Fu Ling
•Jie Geng
•Jing Jie •Sheng Jiang
Dry cough with sputum that is difficult to expectorate •Gan Cao •Da Zao
•Gan Cao
Indications
External Dryness attacking LU LU Qi/Yin deficiency Transform phlegm
Functions
® thready, rapid Stop cough, disperse wind Extinguish Wind, strengthen SP
c Symptoms
Wind + Phlegm syndrome
iii' ® strong ® deficient Indications
Ill
0 External Wind -+ coughing Internal Wind -+ dizziness, vertigo
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~ REDUCE FOOD STAGNATION ;1NHt fJJ:!J ( .:::OS::§.f~Xil ) ~ KING HERBS
.,
CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY FORMULAS FORMULA KING HERBS 0
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63 DIGESTIVE Reduce Food stagnation Bao He Wan Bao He Wan Shan Zha 1:
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 63. BAO HE WAN (Preserve Harmony Pill) ... Hierarchy and Functions

Ingredient Taste Temperature Channels Dosage Ingredient Hierarchy Functions

Shan Zha sour, sweet sl warm LV SP ST 180g(9-15g) Shan Zha king Reduces all types of food stagnation, especially meat/ fatty food
Shen Qu sweet, acrid warm SP ST 60g(9-12g) Shen Qu Especially reduces the stagnant accumulation of alcohol and food
deputy
Lai Fu Zi acrid, sweet neutral LU SP ST 30g(6-9g) Lai Fu Zi Reduces the accumulation of phlegm from stagnant grains
Ban Xia acrid warm, toxic LU SP ST 90g(9-12g) Ban Xia Moves qi and transform stagnation, harmonizes the ST
Chen Pi acrid, bitter warm, aromatic LU SP ST 90g(9-12g) Chen Pi Moves qi and transform stagnation, harmonizes the ST
Fu Ling sweet, bland neutral HT SP LU 90g(9-12g) Fu Ling assistant Strengthens SP and leaches out damp, and stops diarrhea
Lian Qiao bitter, sl acrid cool HT LV GB 30g(3-6g) Lian Qiao Clears heat that generated from the accum ulation of food
Mai Ya sweet neut ral LV SP ST decoction Mai Ya Reduces stagnation from gra ins

Actions: Reduce food stagnation and harmonize t he Stomach ... Modifications

1. more severe abdominal distent ion: + Zhi Shi, Hou Po
Indications· Food retention in the Middle Jiao 2. sweating from the head due to food accumulation that has transformed into heat: + Huang
Lian (ginger juice fried)
focal distention and fullness in the chest and e[1igastrium, abdominal distention
Signs & 3. constipation: + Da Huang, Bing Lang
w ith occasional [1ain, rotten-smelling belching, acid regurgitation, nausea and
Symptoms 4. early-stage dysenteric disorder with concurrent food stagnation: - Fu Ling, Lian Qiao, +
vomiting, aversion to food. There may also be diarrhea
Huang Lian, Zhi Shi, Bing Lang
Tongue '{ellow, greas'l coating
Pulse rolling ... Associated Formulas
• Bao He Wan
• Da An Wan
Cautions & Contraindications
• Contra: food stagnation with SP deficiency ... Identificat ion of Patterns

Biomedically-defined disorders:
Eight Principles Interior I Heat I Excess I Yang

• acute gastroenteritis, acute exacerbation of chronic gastritis, hepatitis, acute pancreatitis, and Shang Han lun Yang Ming Fu

acute/chronic cholecystitis. Wen Bing Lun not appl icable

Zang Fu Food retention in the ST
Five Elements Earth

... Comparison
• Bao He Wan vs. Vue Ju Wan c 574

... CASE: Bobby, 12-year-old boy; Bobby had a big bowl of macaroni and cheese for lunch
yesterday and thereafter has discomfort and pain in the epigastrium. To make matters worse, he
is continually belching, and has abdomina l fullness and bloating. After having a bowel movement
this morning, his symptoms were markedly improved. His tongue is red w ith a greasy, yel low
coating and his pu lse is rolling.
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 ~ COMPARISON ~
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0

lr;:.,>. .YY ;'""""'>...l:; UIAAI

..22:
.> .•. VUE JU WAN Ic
•SI'tanlnl ·lllii~i.f!J
•Shen Qu
•Lai Fu Zi
•Chuan Xiong
•Cang Zhu
E
•Ban Xi a •Shan Zhi Zi
Ingredients
•Chen Pi •Shen Qu
•Fu Ling
•Lian Qiao
•Mai Ya
Common
herbs Shen Qu

Food retention
Indications
Stagnations of
Qi, Blood, Phlegm, Damp, Fire
 CA BOARD FORMULAS ANALYSIS

1 CATEGORIES 576
2 INDICATIONS 576
3 ACTIONS 280
4 INGREDIENTS (1) 582
5 INGREDIENTS (2) 584
6 PROPERTY OF KING HERBS 586
7 TONGUE AND PULSE 588

8 CAUTIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS 590

9 KING HERB MAP 692

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.,~ CHART 1. CATEGORIES
0
3
;
CATEG. . ' ... > ' : , · ...; NAME CH!n: ·.
j;';C•• •• ••
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1. Ma Huang Tang Jjj([lfl:~ Ephedra Decoction
;
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Disperse Wind-Cold Gui Zhi Tang

Ge Gen Tang
:fl~~

i;*~~
Cinnamon Twig Decoction

Kudzu Decoction
c
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CD 4 RELEASE EXTERIOR Sang Ju Yin ~~tx Mulberry Leaf & Chrysanthemum Decoction
ca 1--
0
:::!. 5 Disperse Wind-Heat Yin Qiao San ~ii:l!Jii[ Honeysuckle & Forsythia Powder
m r---'-
6 Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang ~:~;m~JL~ Bupleurum & Kudzu Decoction to Release the Muscle Layer
1--
7. Release Exterior & Tonify deficiency Ren Shen Bai Du San A~l&-11i! Ginseng Powder to Overcome Pathogenic Influences

8 Clear Qi level Heat Bai Hu Tang a de;~ White Tiger Decoction

r-
9 Clear Toxic Heat Huang Lian Jie Du Tang Jll:~m~;~ Coptis Decoction to Relieve Toxicity
1--
10 CLEAR HEAT Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang !l~Ei:ti~ Ephedra, Apricot Kernel, Gypsum & Licorice Decoction
1-- Clear Heat from Organs
St Long Dan Xie Gan Tang Ill IIU%Jlf ~ Gentiana Longdancao Decoction to Drain the Liver

~ Clear Deficient Heat Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang ilf :1; ~ lfl ;~ Artemisia Annua & Soft-Shelled Turtle Shell Decoction

13 Da Cheng Qi Tang ::k5Jdi!(~ Major Order the Qi Decoction

1--
14 PURGE Purge Heat accumulation Xiao Cheng Qi Tang 1 l':ii\lia~ Minor Order the Qi Decoction

~ Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang ~l!i:ii\lia~ Regulate the Stomach and Order the Qi Decoction

~ Harmonize the Shao Yang Xiao Chai Hu Tang 1 HI~i'ill~ Minor Bupleurum Decoction

17 Si Ni San IZ!li!il:Jii[ Frigid Extremities Powder

~ HARMONIZE Harmonize the Liver & Spleen
iflif§Jii[ Rambling Powder

~
Xiao Yao San

Harmonize the Stomach & Intestines Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang *~~·0i~ Pinellia Decoction to Drain the Epigastrium

~ Zf~Jii[
Ping Wei San Calm the Stomach Powder
Transform Damp turbidity

~ ~~~iEJiaJii[
Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Agastache Powder to Rectify the Qi

i\iE11i!

i
Clear Damp-Heat Ba Zheng San Eight Herb Powder for Rectification

Wu Ling San .li~Jii[ Five Ingredient Powder with Poria

EXPEL DAMP
ll~;~
~
Promote Urination & Drain Damp Zhu Ling Tang Polyporus Decoction

25 Wu Pi San .li.8l11i! Five Peel Powder

1--
26 Warm & Transform Damp Zhen Wu Tang ~ili:~ True Warrior Decoction
.............
27. Dispel Wind-Damp Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang 1!llii5~1o~ Angelica Pubescens & Sangjisheng Decoction

28
,___ Li Zhong Wan !.1 '*' 1l Regulate the Middle Pill

29 Warm Middle & Dispel Cold Wu Zhu Yu Tang ~5R~;~ Evodia Decoction
r-- WARM INTERIOR COLD
30
1--
Da Jian Zhong Tang
*~'*'~ Major Construct the Middle Decoction

u Rescue Devastated Yang Si Ni Tang IZ!li!il:~ Frigid Extremities Decoction

 CATEGORIES NAME CHINESE TRANSLATION

32 Si Jun Zi Tang Q!l~-T~ Four Gentleman Decoction

r--
33 Tonify Qi Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang ffll<Piiii~U~ Ton ify the M iddle & Augment the Qi Decoction
r--
34 Sheng Mai San jo/J.Ui Generate the Pulse Powder
r--
35 Tonify Blood Si Wu Tang Q!l~~ Four Substance Decoction
r-- TONIFY
36 Gui Pi Tang ~~~ Restore the Spleen Decoction
r-- Tonify Qi & Blood
37 Shi Quan Da Bu Tang +~:;*;:fflj ;~ Al l Inclusive Great Ton ifying Decoction
I--
38 Tonify Yin Liu Wei Di Huang Wan "'~ ±l!l'Ji\' 1L Six Ingredient Pil l with Rehmannia
I--
39 Tonify Yang Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan ~.jfUl'Jia:tL Kidney Qi Pill from t he Golden Cabinet

40 Vue Ju Wan ~UJ:tL Escape Restraint Pill

I-- Move Qi
41 Ban Xia Hou Po Tang !F"![~:f~ ~ Pinellia & Magnolia Bark Decoction
I--
42 REGULATE Ql Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang ~-T~lia~ Perilla Fruit Decoction for Directing Qi Downward
I--
43 Descend Qi Ding Chuan Tang J'EO!Iil ;~ Arrest Wheezing Decoction
I--
44 Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang ~&"tHo~ Tangerine Peel & Bamboo Shavings Decoction

45 Tao He Cheng Qi Tang ;jjtft7fd~~ Peach Pit Decoction to Order the Qi

I-- Activate Blood & Dispel Blood stasis
46 Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang lllLiff~ j£;~ Drive Out Blood Stasis in the Mansion of Blood Decoction
I - - INVIGORATE BLOOD
47 Wen Jing Tang ;~*~ ~ Warm the Menses Decoction
I-- Warm Channels & Dispel Blood stasis
48 Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan litl: ~* :tL Cinnamon Twig & Poria Pill

49 Stabilize Exterior & Stop sweating Yu Ping Feng San ::Effifl!l.ilJI: Jade Windscreen Powder
I--
50 STABILIZE AND BIND Astringe Intestines & Stop diarrhea Si Shen Wan Q!l li$1L Four Miracle Pil l
I--
51 Stabilize Womb & Stop Uterine bleeding Gu Jing Wan @]*~ 1L St abilize the Menses Pill

52 Suan Zao Ren Tang ~lf llH=~ Sour Jujube Decoction

I--
53 CALM SHEN Nourish Heart & Calm Spirit Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan 5':: ::E ffli •L' fl- Emperor of Heaven 's Special Pill to Tonify t he Heart
I--
54 Gan Mai Da Zao Tang it~:*:M ;~ Licorice, Wheat & Jujube Decoction

55 Xiao Feng San ;wl!l.ilJI: El iminate W ind Powder from True Lineage
I-- Release Wind from Skin & Channels
56 EXPEL WIND Xiao Huo Luo Dan lj\ ;t;~ft Minor Invigorate the Collaterals Special Pi ll
I--
57 Extinguish Internal Wind Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin ;R@ jS) Jlitjz Gastrodia and Uncaria Decoction

n 58 Dry Damp & Transform Phlegm Er Chen Tang = llt ~ Two Cured Decoction
:1> I--
59 Clear Heat & Transform Phlegm Wen Dan Tang ;m.g~ Warm the Gallbladder Decoction
"'"
0 I--

ac 60
I--
DISSOLVE PHLEGM Moisten Dryness & Transform Phlegm Bei Mu Gua Lou San J'Ul}J1\~IIJ1

ll:_~Jlj[
Fritillaria & Trichosanthes Fruit Powder

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61 Zhi Sou San Stop Coughing Powder
i I-- Extinguish Wind & Transform Phlegm
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Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang !F~a Jtt::RIKifL~
3:
62 Pi nellia, Atractylodes Macrocephaia & Gastrodia Decoction c
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63 DIGESTIVE Reduce Food stagnation Bao He Wan 1*f01L Preserve Harmony Pill
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CHART 2. INDICATIONS
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c 1 Ma Huang Tang Exterior Wind-Cold of the Excess type (more cold than wind - Tai Yang Shang Han)
i ®
Ill 2 Gui Zhi Tang <D Wind-Cold of t he Deficiency type (more wind than cold - Tai Yang Zhong Feng) Ying & Wei disharmony seen postpartum or after serious disease

-a.
:I 3 Ge Gen Tang <D Wind-Cold of the Excess type causing stiff & rigid neck and upper back ® Simultaneous Tai Yang & Yang M ing syndromes causing diarrhea

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Ill

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4

5
Sang Ju Yin

Yin Qiao San

Early stage of warm febrile disease (mild wind-heat) marked by cough or eye disorders

Early stage of w arm febrile disease (wind-heat) with Toxic-Heat marked by sore throat or boi ls

Ill 6 Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang Unresolved exterior Wind-Cold (Tai Yang) which has become constrained and is transforming into heat (Yang Ming)

7 Ren Shen Bai Du San Externally-contracted Wind-Cold-Dampness battling the body's deficient normal Qi

8 Bai Hu Tang Blazing heat in the Yang Ming channel stage of the Shang Han, or the Qi level of the Wen Bing causing Four Big symptoms

9 Huang lian Jie Du Tang Severe obstruction of the Three Jiaos by Fire-Toxin, wh ich pervades both the interior and exterior

10 Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Heat lodged in the LU with or without exterior W-HIW-C causing wheezing and coughing

11 Long Dan Xie Gan Tang <D LV '& GB Excess Fire raising up ® LV & GB Damp-Heat invading the Lower Jiao

12 Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang Heat smoldering in the Yin regions with depleted Yin and fluids during the later stages of warm-febrile disease

13 Da Cheng Qi Tang <D Severe Yang Ming Fu syndrome (Shi, Zao, Man, Pi) ® Yang M ing Fu syndrome causing diarrhea @ Excess internal heat causing heat collapse

14 Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Mild pattern of the Yang Ming Fu syndrome causing constipation (Shi, Man, Pi)

15 Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang Stomach and Intestine dry heat pattern of the Yang Ming Fu syndrome causing mild constipation (Shi, Zao)

16 Xiao Chai Hu Tang <D Shao Yang stage syndrome in Shang Han disease ® Heat attacking into the uterus (blood chamber) causing Shao Yang syndrome in woman

17 Si Ni San <D Hot-type collapse (Yang Jue syndrome) causing cold fingers and toes (although the body is warm) ® LV Qi stagnation disturbing t he St omach

18 Xiao Vao San LV Qi stagnation with LV Blood deficiency and SP Qi deficiency

19 Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang Stomach & Intestines disharmony with heat-cold complex & excess-deficiency complex in the M iddle Jiao causing focal distention (Pi syndrome)

20 Ping Wei San Damp-Cold stagnation in the Spleen and Stomach

21 Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San external ly-contracted Wind-Cold with concurrent internal Damp stagnation causing vomiting and diarrhea such as sudden turmoil disorders

22 Ba Zheng San Damp-Heat clumping in the lower burner causing hot or bloody painful urinary dysfunction (Lin syndrome)

23 Wu Ling San
<D UB Water accumulation (Tai Yang Fu) syndrome with possible Wind-Cold CZl Water-damp accumulation marked by edema and difficult urination
@ Congested fluid (Tan Yin) syndrome marked by throbbing pulsations just below the umbilicus and frothy sa liva
24 Zhu ling Tang Water and heat accumulation in the UB with KD Yin injury causing urinary difficulty (Shao Yin heat )

25 Wu Pi San <D SP Qi deficiency with excessive dampness causing skin edema (Pi Shui syndrome) ® Generalized edema from pregnancy

26 Zhen W u Tang <D SP and KD Yang deficiency causing water retention CZl Overuse of diaphoresis in Tai Ya ng syndromes causing palpitation and shivering

27 Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang Wind-Cold-Damp obstructing the channels causing chronic Bi syndrome with LV & KD deficiency and Qi & Blood deficiency

28 li Zhong Wan <D SP and ST deficient cold (2) MJ deficient cold syndromes : Bleedi ng I Chronic infantile seizures 1 Profuse salivation I Chest Bi
29 Wu Zhu Vu Tang <D ST deficient cold with rebellious Qi ® LVI ST deficient cold causing Jue Yin headache @ KD Shao Yin channel cold causing vomiting and diarrhea
30 Da Jian Zhong Tang MJ Yang weakness and deficiency (root) with Vigorous Yin-cold (manifestation) marked by severe abdominal cold pain

31 Si Ni Tang <D KD Yang deficiency with cold evil in Shao Yin stage (Yin Jue syndrome) ® Yang col lapse syndrome
 NAME INDICATIONS

32 Si Jun Zi Tang Middle Jiao Qi deficiency

33 Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang (j) Middle Jiao Yang Qi sinking causing prolapse of organs ® SP and ST deficiency causing intermittent low fever

34 Sheng Mai San (j) Qi and Yin deficiency ® LU Qi and Yin deficiency with chronic cough

35 Si Wu Tang Blood deficiency with Blood stagnation

36 Gui Pi Tang (j) HT Blood and SP Qi deficiency causing insomnia ® Chronic bleeding due to SP deficiency

37 Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Qi and Blood deficiency with mild deficient cold

38 Liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD and LV Yin deficiency

39 Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan (j) KD Yang def iciency ® KD Yang deficiency causing congested fluid

40 Vue Ju Wan Stagnation of Qi, Blood, Phlegm, Damp, Fire, and Food (Six constraints)

41 Ban Xia Hou Po Tang LV Qi and Phlegm stagnation lodging in the throat causing Plum-pit (Mei He Qi) syndrome

42 Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang LU Cold-Phlegm (Excess above) + KD Yang deficiency or KD being unable to grasp the Qi (Deficiency below)

43 Ding Chuan Tang Internal LU Phlegm-Heat and external Wind-Cold causing wheezing

44 Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang ST deficiency and heat causing hiccup and rebellious ST Qi

45 Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Accumulation of Blood stasis and heat in the Lower Jiao

46 Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Blood stasis with Qi stagnation in the chest

47 Wen Jing Tang Chong and Ren channel deficient cold with Blood stagnation causing irregu lar menstruation

48 Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan (j) Blood stagnation in the Uterus ® Blood stagnation in the Uterus during pregnancy

49 Yu Ping Feng San Protective Qi deficiency causing sweating

so Si Shen Wan KD and SP Yang deficiency causing daybreak diarrhea

51 Gu Jing Wan Constrained LV fire injuring the Chong and Ren channels, causing abnorma l uterine bleeding (Beng Lou syndrome)

52 Suan Zao Ren Tang LV Blood deficiency causing Yin deficiency with heat

53 nan Wang Bu Xin Dan HT and KD Yin deficiency with deficient fire

54 Gan Mai Da Zao Tang HT Yin deficiency w ith LV constraint causing Restless-organ disorder (Zang Zao syndrome)

55 Xiao Feng San Wind-Damp-Heat in the skin causing pruritus

56 Xiao Huo Luo Dan (j) Wind-Cold-Damp Bi syndrome ® Wind-Phlegm obstruction with Blood stasis in the channels and collaterals

57 Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin LV Yang rising with internal Wind

n 58 Er Chen Tang Phlegm-Damp syndrome in the Middle Jiao or Lung

:a>
"'I 59 Wen Dan Tang GB and ST disharmony with Ph legm-heat accumulation
0
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60 Bei Mu Gua Lou San LU Dry-Ph legm causing cough
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61 Zhi Sou San External Wind attacking the LU causing cough ::a
3:
-
::II
Q.
62

63
Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian MaT.

Bao He Wan
Internal Wind-Phlegm disturbing upw ard causing dizziness and vertigo

Food stagnation in the Middle Jiao

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~ CHART 3. ACTIONS
"'I
0 CATEGORIES NAME ACTIONS
3
c 1 Ma Huang Tang Releases exterior cold and arrests wheezing
Ai I--
2 Gui Zhi Tang Releases pathogenic influences from the muscle layer and regulates the nutritive and protective qi
Ill
1--

..l:o·
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1--

I--
3

4 RELEASE EXTERIOR
Ge Gen Tang

Sang Ju Yin
Releases the exterior and muscle layer, and generates fluids

Releases ext erior wind-heat and stops coughing by facilitating the flow of LU Qi

Ill s Yin Qiao San Disperses wind-heat, clears heat, and relieves toxicity
I--
6 Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang Releases pathogenic influences from the muscle layer and clears interior heat
1--
7 Ren Shen Bai Du San Releases the exterior, dispels wind and dampness, and augments t he qi

8 Bai Hu Tang Clears qi-level heat, drains ST fire, generates flui ds, and alleviates t hirst
r----
9 Huang lian Jie Du Tang Drains fire and relieves toxicity
r----
10 CLEAR HEAT Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Faci litates the flow of LU qi, clears heat, and calms wheezing by directing rebell ious qi downward
r---
11 Long Dan Xie Gan Tang Drains fire excess from the LV and GB, and clea rs and dra ins damp-heat from the lower bu rner
r----
12 Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang Nourishes the yin and vents heat

13 Da Cheng Qi Tang Vigorously purges heat accumulation

r----
14 PURGE Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Moderately purges clumped heat
r----
15 Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang Mildly purges clumped heat

16 Xiao Chai Hu Tang Harmonizes and releases lesser-yang stage disorders

r---
17 Si Ni San Soothe the LV qi, regu late the SP, Clear internal heat, and reduce stagnation
r---- HARMONIZE
18 Xiao Yao San Spreads the LV qi, strengthens the SP, and nourishes the blood
r---
19 Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang Harmonizes the ST, directs rebellious qi downward, disperses clumping, and elim inates focal distention

20 Ping Wei San Dries dampness, improves the SP's transporting f unction, promotes the movement of qi, and harmonizes the ST
r---
21 Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Releases the exterior, transforms dampness, regulates the qi, and harmonizes the middle burner
r----
22 Ba Zheng San Clears heat, promotes urination, and unblocks pa inful urinary dysfunction
-
23 Wu ling San Promotes urination, drains dampness, strengthens the SP, warms the yang, and promotes the transforming functions of qi
- EXPEL DAMP
24 Zhu ling Tang Promotes urination, clears heat, and nourishes the yin
-
25 Wu Pi San Resolves dampness, reduces edema, regulates the qi, and strengthen the SP
-
26 Zhen Wu Tang Warms the yang and promotes urination
-
27 Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang Expels wind-dampness, disperses painfu l obstruction, and tonifies deficiency

28 li Zhong Wan Warms the middle burner and strengthens the SP and ST
-
29 Wu Zhu Yu Tang Warms and tonifies the LV and ST, directs rebel lious qi downward, and stops vomiting
- WARM INTERIOR COLD
30 Da Jian Zhong Tang Warms and tonifies middle burner deficiency, directs rebellious qi downward, and alleviates pain
-
31 Si Ni Tang Rescues devastated yang, warms the middle burner, and stops diarrhea
 CATEGORIES NAME ACTIONS

32 Si Jun Zi Tang Tonifies the qi and strengthens the SP

r---
33 Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang Tonifies the qi of the middle burner and raises sunken yang
r---
34 Sheng Mai San Augments the qi, generates fluids, preserves the yin, and stops excessive sweating
I--
3S Si Wu Tang Tonifies the blood and regulates the LV
r--- TONIFV
36 Gui Pi Tang Augments the qi, ton ifies the blood, strengthens the SP, and nourishes the HT
I--
37 Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Warms and tonifies the qi and blood
I--
38 Liu Wei Di Huang Wan Enriches the yin and nourishes the KD
r---
39 Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan Warms and tonifies the KD yang

40 Vue Ju Wan Promotes the movement of qi and releases constraint

1---
41 Ban Xia Hou Po Tang Promotes the movement of qi, dissipates clumps, directs rebellious qi downward, and transform phlegm
1--
42 REGULATE Ql Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang Directs rebellious qi downward, arrests wheezing, stops coughing, and warms and transforms phlegm-cold
1--
43 Ding Chuan Tang Disseminates and redirects the Lung qi, arrests wheezing, clears heat, and transforms ph legm
1---
44 Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang Directs rebellious qi downward, stops hiccup, augments the qi, and clears heat

45 Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Drains heat and breaks up blood stasis

1--
46 Xue Fu Zhu Vu Tang Invigorates the blood, dispels blood stasis, spreads the qi of the LV, and unblocks the channels
1-- INVIGORATE BLOOD
47 Wen Jing Tang Warms the menses, dispels cold, nourishes the blood, and dispels blood stasis
1---
48 Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan Invigorates the blood, transforms blood stasis, and reduces fixed abdominal masses

49 Vu Ping Feng San Augments the qi, stabilizes the exterior, and stops sweating
'--
50 STABILIZE AND BIND Si Shen Wan Warms and tonifies the SP and KD, binds up the Intestines, and stops diarrhea
-51 Gu Jing Wan Enriches the yin, clears heat, stops bleed ing, and stabilizes the menses

52 Suan Zao Ren Tang Nourishes the blood, calms the spirit, clears heat, and eliminates irritability
-
53 CALM SHEN Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan Enriches the yin, nourishes the blood, tonifies the HT, and calms t he spirit
-
54 Gan Mai Da Zao Tang Nourishes the HT, calms the spirit, and harmonizes the middle burner

55 Xiao Feng San Disperses wind, eliminates dampness, clears heat, and cools the blood
-
56 EXPEL WIND Xiao Huo Luo Dan Invigorates the blood, unblocks the collaterals, dispels dampness, and tra nsforms phlegm
-
57 Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin Calms the LV, extinguishes wind, clears heat, invigorates the blood, and tonifies the LV and KD

58 Er Chen Tang Dries dampness, transforms phlegm, regu lates the qi, and harmonizes the middle burner
-
,.
n -
59 Wen Dan Tang

Bei Mu Gua Lou San

Regulates the qi, transforms phlegm, clears the GB, and harmonizes t he ST

Moistens the LU, clears heat, regulates the qi, and transforms phlegm
..3
"1'1 60 DISSOLVE PHLEGM
0 - "1'1
Stops coughing, transforms phlegm, disperses t he exterior, and dissem inates the LU qi 0
-
61 Zhi Sou San
::a
c 3:
Di 62 Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang Strengthens the SP, dispels dampness, transforms phlegm, and extinguishes w ind c
en
63 DIGESTIVE Bao He Wan Reduces food stagnation and harmonizes the ST 5::
(I)
 c.n
.,~
00
C HART 4. INGREDI ENTS ( 1) N
0
3
NAME INGREDIENTS .,
0
c
Di
Ill
Gan Mai Oa Zao Tang

Sheng Mai San

Fu Xiao Mai

Ren Shen I
I
Mai Men Dong
Gan Cao I Da Zao

I Wu Wei Zi
;c
3
Si Ni Tang

Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang

(Sheng) Fu Zi

Da Huang I
I
Mang Xiao
Gan Jiang

I
I Zhi Gan Cao

Gan Cao
E
Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Da Huang I Hou Po I Zhi Shi

Yu Ping Feng San Huang Qi I Bai Zhu I Fang Feng

Bai Hu Tang Shi Gao I Zhi Mu I Geng Mi (= Jing Mi) I Zhi Gan Cao

Oa Cheng Qi Tang Da Huang I Mang Xiao I Hou Po I Zhi Shi

Oa Jian Zhong Tang Chua n Jiao (= Hua Jiao) I Gan Jiang I Ren Shen I Yi Tang

Er Chen Tang (+2) Ban Xia I Ju Hong ( ~ Chen Pi) I Fu ling I Zhi Gan Cao I (Sheng Jiang) I (Wu Mei)

Huang Lian Jie Ou Tang Huang lian I Huang Qin I Huang Bai I Zhi Zi

Li Zhong Wan Gan Jiang I Ren Shen I Ba i Zhu I Zhi Gan Cao
4
Ma Huang Tang Ma Huang I Gui Zhi I Xing Ren I Zhi Gan Cao

Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Ma Huang I Shi Gao I Xing Ren I Zhi Gan Cao

Si Jun Zi Tang Ren Shen I Bai Zhu I Fu ling I Zhi Gan Cao

Si Ni San Chai Hu I Zhi Shi I Bai Shao I Zhi Gan Cao

Si Wu Tang Shu Di I Bai Shao I Dang Gui I Chuan Xiong

Wu Zhu Yu Tang Wu Zhu Yu I Sheng Jiang I Ren Shen I Da Zao

Ban Xia Hou Po Tang Ban Xia I Hou Po I Fu ling I Sheng Jiang I Zi Su Ye

Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan (+1) Gui Zhi I Fu Ling I (Chi or Bai) Shao Yao I Mu Dan Pi I Tao Ren I (Feng Mi)

Gui Zhi Tang Gui Zhi I Bai Shao I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao I Zhi Gan Cao

Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang Qing Hao I Bie Jia I Sheng Di I Zhi Mu I Mu Dan Pi

Suan Zao Ren Tang Suan Zao Ren I Fu ling I Zhi Mu I Chuan Xiong I Gan Cao

5 Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Tao Ren I (Jiu) Da Huang I Gui Zhi I Mang Xiao I Zhi Gan Cao

Wu Ling San Ze Xie I Fu Ling I Zhu ling I Bai Zhu I Gui Zhi

Wu Pi San Sang Bai Pi I Sheng Jiang Pi I Fu Ling Pi I Chen Pi I Da Fu Pi

Vue Ju Wan Xiang Fu I Cang Zhu I Chuan Xiong I Shan Zhi Zi I Shen Qu

Zhen Wu Tang Fu Zi I Bai Zhu I Fu ling I Sheng Jiang I Bai Shao

Zhu Ling Tang Zhu Ling I Fu Ling I Ze Xie I Hua Shi I E Jiao

Bei Mu Gua Lou San Chuan Bei M u I Gua Lou I Tian Hua Fen I Fu Ling I Ju Hong I Jie Geng
6
Gu Jing Wan Gui Ban I Bai Shao I Huang Qin I Huang Bai I Chun Gen Pi I Xiang Fu
 NAME INGREDIENTS

Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang Chen Pi I Zhu Ru I Ren Shen I Sheng Jiang I Gan Cao I Da Zao

Liu Wei Di Huang Wan Shu Di I Shan Zhu Yu I Shan Yao I Fu Ling I Mu Dan Pi I Ze Xie

Ping Wei San Cang Zhu I Hou Po I Chen Pi I Zhi Gan Cao I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao
6
Si Shen Wan Bu Gu Zhi I Rou Dou Kou I Wu Zhu Yu I Wu Wei Zi I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao

Xiao Huo Luo Dan Zhi Cao Wu I Zhi Chuan Wu I Tian Nan Xing I Ru Xiang I Mo Yao I Di Long

Xiao Yao San (+Z) Chai Hu I Dang Gui I Bai Shao I Bai Zhu I Fu Ling I Zhi Gan Cao I (Wei Jiang) I (Bo He)

Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang Ban Xia I Gan Jiang I Huang Qin I Huang Lian I Ren Shen I Da Zao I Zhi Gan Cao

Bao He Wan (+1) Shan Zha I Shen Qu I Lai Fu Zi I Chen Pi I Ban Xia I Fu Ling I Lian Qiao I (Mai Ya)

Ge Gen Tang Ge Gen I Ma Huang I Gui Zhi I Bai Shao I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao I Zh i Gan Cao
7
Wen Dan Tang (+1) Zhu Ru I Zhi Shi I Ban Xia I Chen Pi I Fu Ling I Gan Cao I Sheng Jiang I (Da Zao)

Xiao Chai Hu Tang Chai Hu I Huang Qin I Ban Xia I Sheng Jiang I Ren Shen I Da Zao I Zhi Gan Cao

Zhi Sou San Zi Wan I Bai Qian I Bai Bu I Jie Geng I Chen Pi I Jing Jie I Gan Cao

Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang Ban Xia I Tian Ma I Bai Zhu I Ju Hong ( ~ Chen Pi) I Fu Ling I Gan Cao I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao

Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang Huang Qi I Ren Shen I Bai Zhu I Zhi Gan Cao I Dang Gui I Chen Pi I Sheng Ma I Cha i Hu
8
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan Sheng Di ( ~ Shu Di) I Shan Zhu Yu I Shan Yao I Fu Ling I Mu Dan Pi I Ze Xie I Fu Zi I Gui Zhi

Sang Ju Yin Sang Ye I Ju Hua I Xing Ren I Jie Geng I Bo He I Lian Qiao I Lu Gen I Gan Cao

Ba Zheng San Mu Tong I Hua Shi I Che Qian Zi I Qu Mai I Bian Xu I Zhi Zi I Zhi Da Huang I Deng Xin Cao I Gan Cao
9
Ding Chuan Tang Yin Xing (= Bai Guo) I Ma Huang I Xing Ren I Su Zi I Ban Xia I Kuan Dong Hua I Sang Ba i Pi I Huang Qin I Ga n Cao

Long Dan Xie Gan Tang Long Dan Cao I Huang Qin I Zhi Zi I Mu Tong I Che Qian Zi I Ze Xie I Sheng Di I Dang Gui I Chai Hu I Ga n Cao

10 Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang (+1) Su Zi I Ban Xia I Hou Po I Qian Hu I (Chen Pi) I Rou Gui I Dang Gui I Sheng Jiang I Su Ye I Zhi Gan Cao I Da Zao

Yin Qiao San Jin Yin Hua I Lian Qiao I Bo He I Jing Jie I Dan Dou Chi I Jie Geng I Niu Bang Zi I Dan Zhu Ye I (Xian) Lu Gen I Gan Cao

Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang Chai Hu I Ge Gen I Qiang Huo I Bai Zhi I Huang Qin I Shi Gao I Jie Geng I Bai Shao I Gan Cao I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao

11 Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin Tian Ma I Gou Teng I Shi Jue Ming I Zhi Zi I Huang Qin I Yi Mu Cao I Chuan Niu Xi I Du Zhong I Sang Ji Sheng I Ye Jiao Teng 1 Fu Shen

Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Tao Ren I Hong Hua I Chuan Xiong I Chi Shao I Dang Gui I Sheng Di I Chuan Niu Xi I Cha i Hu I Jie Geng I Zhi Ke I Gan Cao

Gui Pi Tang Ren Shen I Huang Qj I Bai Zhu I Zhi Gan Cao I Dang Gui I Fu Ling ( ~ Fu Shen) I Long Van Rou I Suan Zao Ren I (Zhi) Yuan Zhi I Mu Xiang 1 Sheng Jiang 1 Da Zao

n Ren Shen Bai Du San Qiang Huo I Du Huo I Chuan Xiong I Chai Hu I Bo He I Jie Geng I Zhi Ke I Qian Hu I Sheng Jiang I Ren Shen I Fu Ling I Gan Cao
.,
J:lo 12

..
0
3
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang

Wen Jing Tang

Ren Shen

Wu Zhu Yu
I Bai Zhu

I Gui Zhi
I
I
Fu Ling

Dang Gui
I Zh i Gan Cao

I Chuan Xiong
I Shu Di

I Bai Shao
I Bai Shao

I E Jiao
I Dang Gui

I Mai Men Dong

I Chuan Xiong

I Mu Dan Pi
I Rou Gui

I
I
Ren Shen
Huang Qi

I
I
Ba n Xia
Sheng Jiang

1 Sheng
I Da Zao

Jiang 1 Gan Cao

t:
Di Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Huo Xiang I Hou Po I Chen Pi I Zi Su Ye I Ba i Zhi I Ban Xia I Da Fu Pi I Bai Zhu I Fu Ling I Jie Geng I Zhi Gan Cao I Sheng Jiang 1 Da Zao
Ill 13

-
:I
u:a 14
Xiao Feng San

Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan

Jing Jie

Sheng Di
I
I
Fang Feng

Dan Shen I
I
Dang Gui
Niu Bang Zi

I Bai Zi Ren
I Chan Tui

I Yuan Zhi
I Cang Zhu

I Ren Shen
I
I
Ku Shen

Fu Ung I
I Mu Tong

n an l'v'en Dong
I Shi Gao

I Mai l'v'en Dong

I Zh i Mu

I
I Sheng Di

Xuan Shen I
I
WJ Wei Zi
Dang Gu i

I
I Hei Zhi Ma

Suan lao Ren I

1 Gan
Jie Geng I
Cao

Zhu Sha
~
a. 15 Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang Du Huo I Xi Xin I Fang Feng I Oin Jiao I Sang Ji Sheng I Du Zhong I Huai Niu Xi I Rou Gui I Dang Gui I Chuan Xiong I Sheng Di I Bai Shao I Ren Shen 1 Fu Ung 1 Zhi Gan Cao

..
iD'
:I

-...
Ill
Ul
co
w
~ CHART 5. INGREDIENTS (2)
"'I
0 NAME INGREDIENTS
3
c I I I
"'I
0
1 Ma Huang Tang M a Huang Gu i Zhi Xing Ren Zhi Gan Cao ::a
AT 3:
Ill I I I I
2 Gui Zhi Tang Gui Zhi Bai Shao Sheng Jiang Da Zao Zhi Gan Cao c
r-
3 Ge Gen Tang Ge Gen I Ma Huang I Gui Zhi I Bai Shao I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao I Zhi Gan Cao l;;
4 Sang Ju Yin Sang Ye I Ju Hua I Xing Ren I Jie Geng I Bo He I Lian Qiao I Lu Gen I Gan Cao

s Yin Qiao San Jin Yin Hua I Lian Qiao I Bo He I Jing Jie I Dan Dou Chi I Jie Geng I Niu Bang Zi I Dan Zhu Ye I (Xian) Lu Gen I Gan Cao

6 Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang Chai Hu I Ge Gen I Qiang Huo I Bai Zh i I Huang Qin I Shi Gao I Jie Geng I Bai Shao I Ga n Cao I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao

7 Ren Shen Bai Du San Qiang Huo I Du Huo I Chuan Xiong I Chai Hu I Bo He I Jie Geng I Zhi Ke I Qian Hu I Sheng Jiang I Ren Shen I Fu Ling I Gan Cao

8 Bai Hu Tang Shi Gao I Zhi Mu I Geng Mi I Zhi Gan Cao

9 Huang Lian Jie Du Tang Huang Lian I Huang Qin I Huang Bai I Zhi Zi

10 Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Ma Huang I Shi Gao I Xing Ren I Zhi Gan Cao

11 long Dan Xie Gan Tang Long Dan Cao I Huang Qin I Zhi Zi I Mu Tong I Che Qian Zi I Ze Xie I Sheng Di I Dang Gui I Chai Hu I Gan Cao

12 Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang Qing Hao I Bie Jia I Sheng Di I Zhi Mu I Mu Dan Pi

13 Da Cheng Qi Tang Da Huang I Mang Xiao I Hou Po I Zhi Shi

14 Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Da Huang I Hou Po I Zhi Shi

15 Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang Da Huang I Mang Xiao I (Zhi) Gan Cao

16 Xiao Chai Hu Tang Chai Hu I Huang Qin I Ban Xia I Sheng Jiang I Ren Shen I Da Zao I Zhi Gan Cao

17 Si Ni San Chai Hu I Zhi Shi I Bai Shao I Zhi Gan Cao

18 Xiao Yao San (+2} Chai Hu I Dang Gui I Bai Shao I Bai Zhu I Fu Ling I Zhi Gan Cao I (Wei Jiang) I (Bo He)

19 Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang Ban Xia I Gan Jiang I Huang Qin I Huang Lian I Ren Shen I Da Zao I Zh i Gan Cao

20 Ping Wei San Cang Zhu I Hou Po I Chen Pi I Zhi Gan Cao I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao

21 Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Huo Xiang I Hou Po I Chen Pi I Zi Su Ye I Ba i Zhi I Ban Xia I Da Fu Pi I Bai Zhu I Fu Ling I Jie Geng I Zhi Gan Cao I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao

22 Ba Zheng San Mu Tong I Hua Shi I Che Qian Zi I Qu Mai I Bian Xu I Zhi Zi I Da Huang I Deng Xin Cao I Gan Cao (Shao)

23 Wu Ling San Ze Xie I Fu Ling I Zhu Ling I Bai Zhu I Gu i Zhi

24 Zhu Ling Tang Zhu Ling I Fu Ling I Ze Xie I Hua Shi I E Jiao

25 Wu Pi San Sang Bai Pi I Sheng Jiang Pi I Fu Ling Pi I Chen Pi I Da Fu Pi

26 Zhen Wu Tang Fu Zi I Bai Zhu I Fu Ling I Sheng Jiang I Ba i Shao

27 Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang Du Huo I Xi Xin I Fang Feng I Qjn Jiao I Sang Ji Sheng I Du Zhong I Huai Niu Xi I Rou Gui I Dang Gui I Chuan Xiong I Sheng Di I Bai Shao I Ren Shen I Fu Ung I Zhi Gan Cao

28 Li Zhong Wan Gan Jiang I Ren Shen I Bai Zhu I Zhi Gan Cao

29 Wu Zhu Yu Tang Wu Zh u Yu I Sheng Jiang I Ren Shen I Da Zao

30 Da Jian Zhong Tang Chuan Jiao (= Shu Jiao) I Gan Jiang I Ren Shen I Vi Tang

31 Si Ni Tang (Sheng) Fu Zi I Gan Jiang I Zhi Gan Cao

 NAME INGREDIENTS

32 Si Jun Zi Tang Ren Shen I Bai Zhu I Fu Ling I Zhi Gan Cao

33 Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang Huang Qi I Ren Shen I Bai Zhu I Zhi Gan Cao I Dang Gui I Chen Pi I Sheng Ma I Chai Hu

34 Sheng Mai San Ren Shen I Mai Men Dong I Wu Wei Zi

35 Si Wu Tang Shu Di I Bai Shao I Dang Gui I Chuan Xiong

36 Gui Pi Tang Ren Shen I Huang Qi I Bai Zhu I Zhi Gan Cao I Dang Gui I Fu Shen (Fu Ling) I Long Van Rou I Suan Zao Ren I (Zhi) Yuan Zhi I Mu Xiang I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao

37 Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Ren Shen I Bai Zhu I Fu Ling I Zhi Gan Cao I Shu Di I Bai Shao I Dang Gui I Chuan Xiong I Rou Gui I Huang Qi I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao

38 Liu Wei Di Huang Wan Sh u Di I Shan Zhu Yu I Shan Yao I Fu Ling I Mu Dan Pi I Ze Xie

39 Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan Sheng Di (-+ Shu Di) I Shan Zhu Yu I Shan Yao I Fu Zi I Gui Zhi I Fu Ling I Mu Dan Pi I Ze Xie

40 Vue Ju Wan Xiang Fu I Cang Zhu I Chuan Xiong I Shan Zh i Zi I Shen Qu

41 Ban Xia Hou Po Tang Ban Xia I Hou Po I Fu Ling I Sheng Jiang I Zi Su Ye

42 Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang (+1) Su Zi I Ban Xia I Hou Po I Qian Hu I (Chen Pi) I Rou Gui I Dang Gui I Sheng Jiang I Su Ye I Zhi Gan Cao I Da Zao

43 Ding Chuan Tang Yin Xing (= Bai Guo) I Ma Huang I Xing Ren I Su Zi I Ban Xia I Kuan Dong Hua I Sang Bai Pi I Huang Qin I Ga n Cao

44 Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang Chen Pi I Zhu Ru I Ren Shen I Sheng Jiang I Gan Cao I Da Zao

45 Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Tao Ren I Da Huang I Gui Zhi I Mang Xiao I Zhi Gan Cao

46 Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Tao Ren I Hong Hua I Chuan Xiong I Chi Shao I Dang Gui I Sheng Di I Chuan Niu Xi I Cha i Hu I Jie Geng I Zhi Ke I Gan Cao

47 Wen Jing Tang Wu Zhu Yu I Gui Zhi I Dang Gui I Chuan Xiong I Bai Shao I E Jiao I M ai Men Dong I Mu Dan Pi I Ren Shen I Sheng Jiang I Gan Cao I Ban Xia

48 Gui Zhi Fu ling Wan (+1) Gui Zhi I Fu Ling I (ChiiBai) Shao Yao I Mu Dan Pi I Tao Ren I (Feng Mi)

49 Yu Ping Feng San Huang Qi I Bai Zhu I Fang Feng

so Si Shen Wan Bu Gu Zhi I Rou Dou Kou I Wu Zhu Yu I Wu Wei Zi I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao

51 Gu Jing Wan Gui Ban I Bai Shao I Huang Qin I Huang Bai I Xiang Fu I Chun Gen Pi

52 Suan Zao Ren Tang Suan Zao Ren I Fu Ling I Zhi Mu I Chuan Xiong I Gan Cao

53 Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan Sheng Di I Dan Shen I Dang Gui I Bai Zi Ren I Yuan Zhi I Ren Shen I Fu Ung I 1ian Men Dong I Mai Men Dong I Xuan Shen I Wu Wei Zi I Suan Zao Ren 1 Jie Geng 1 Zhu Sha

54 Gan Mai Da Zao Tang Fu Xiao Mai I Gan Cao I Da Zao

55 Xiao Feng San Jing Jie I Fang Feng I Niu Bang Zi I Chan Tui I Cang Zhu I Ku Shen I Mu Tong I Sh i Gao I Zhi Mu I Sheng Di I Dang Gui I Hei Zh i Ma I Gan Cao

56 Xiao Huo Luo Dan Zhi Cao Wu I Zhi Chuan W u I Tian Nan Xing I Mo Yao I Ru Xiang I Di Long
n 57 Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin Tian Ma I Gou Teng I Shi Jue Ming I Zhi Zi I Huang Qin I Vi Mu Cao I Chuan Niu Xi I Du Zhong I Sang Ji Sheng I Ye Jiao Teng I Fu Shen
~

.."'3
0 58

59
Er Chen Tang (+2)

Wen Dan Tang (+1)

Ban Xia

Zhu Ru I
I Ju Hong (-+ Chen Pi)

Zhi Shi I Ban Xia I Chen Pi

I Fu Ling

I
I
Fu Ling
Zh i Gan Cao

I Gan Cao
I (Sheng Jiang)

I Sheng Jiang
I
I
(Wu Mei)

(Da Zao)
c
i 60 Bei Mu Gua Lou San Chuan Bei M u I Gua Lou I Tian Hua Fen I Fu Ling I Ju Hong I Jie Geng
Ill

-
:::s
ca
61 Zhi Sou San Zi Wan

Ban Xia
I
I
Bai Qian

Tian Ma
I
I
Bai Bu

Bai Zhu
I
I
Jie Geng

Ju Hong (-+ Chen Pi)

I Chen Pi I Jing Jie

I Fu Ling
I Gan Cao

I Gan Cao I Sheng Jiang I Da Zao

62 Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang
ii;
a. 63 Bao He Wan (+1) Shan Zha I Shen Qu I Lai Fu Zi I Ban Xia I Chen Pi I Fu Ling I Lian Qiao I (Ma i Ya)
ii'
...
:::s

--
Ill
N
Ul
=
Ul
 ~ CHART 6 . PROPERTY OF KING HERBS

""
0 NAME PROPERTY FORM ULAS
3
c 1 Ma Huang acrid, sl bitter I warm I LU UB Ma Huang Tang I Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang I Ding Chuan Tang
Dr
Ill acrid, sweet I warm I HT LU UB I I Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan
2 Gui Zhi Gui Zh i Tang Wen Jing Tang
:IIi I I I
;· 3 Ge Gen sweet, acrid cool SP ST Ge Gen Tang Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang
ca
:z: 4 Sang Ye sweet, bitter I cold I LV LU Sang Ju Yin

.,....
CD
5 Ju Hua sweet, bitter I sl cold I LV LU Sang Ju Yin

.,
Ill
6 Jin Yin Hua sweet I cold I Ll LU ST Yin Qiao San

,a
CD
7 lian Qiao bitter, sl acrid I cool I HT LV GB Yin Qiao San

~ 8 Chai Hu bitter, acrid I cool I GB LV PC SJ Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang I Xiao Chai Hu Tang I Si Ni San I Xiao Yao San

9 Qiang Huo acrid, bitter I warm, aromatic I UB KD Ren Shen Bai Du San

10 Du Hue bitter, acrid I warm I KD UB Ren Shen Bai Du San I Du Hue Ji Sheng Tang

11 Shi Gao sweet, acrid I very cold I LU ST Ba i Hu Tang I Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang

12 Huang lian bitter I cold I HT Ll ST LV Huang Lian Jie Du Tang

13 Long Dan Cao bitter I cold I GB LV ST Long Dan Xie Gan Tang

14 Qing Hao bitter I cold I KD LV GB Qing Hac Bie Jia Tang

15 Bie Jia salty I sl cold I LV SP Qing Hac Bie Jia Tang

16 Da Huang bitter I cold I HT Ll LV ST Da Cheng Qi Tang I Xiao Cheng Qi Tang I Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang I Tao He Cheng Qi Tang

17 Ban Xia acrid I warm, toxic I LU SP ST Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang I Ban Xia Hou Po Tang I Er Chen Tang

18 Cang Zhu acrid, bitter I warm, aromatic I SP ST Ping Wei San

19 Hue Xiang acrid I sl warm I LU SP ST Hue Xiang Zheng Qi San

20 Mu Tong bitter I cool I UB HT 51 Ba Zheng San

21 Ze Xie sweet, bland I cold I KD UB Wu Ling San

22 Zhu ling sweet, bland I sl cool I SP KD UB Zhu Ling Tang

23 Fu Ling sweet, bland I neutral I HT SP LU Zhu Ling Tang I Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan

24 Fu Zi acrid I hot, toxic I HT KD SP Zhen Wu Ta ng I Si Ni Tang

25 Gan Jiang acrid I hot I HT LU SP ST Li Zhong Wan

26 Wu Zhu Yu acrid, bitter I hot, sl toxic I KD LV SP ST Wu Zhu Yu Tang I Wen Jing Tang

27 Chuan Jiao acrid I hot, sl toxic I KD SP ST Da Jian Zhong Tang

28 Ren Shen sweet, sl bitter I sl warm I LU SP Si Jun Zi Ta ng I Sheng Mai San I Gui Pi Tang I Shi Quan Da Bu Tang

29 Huang Qi sweet I sl warm I LU SP Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang I Gu i Pi Tang I Yu Ping Feng San

30 Shu Di sweet I sl warm I HT KD LV Si Wu Tang I Shi Quan Da Bu Tang I Liu Wei Di Huang Wan I (Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan)
 NAME PROPERTY FORMULAS

31 Bai Zhu bitter, sweet I warm I SP ST Gui Pi Tang

32 Zhi Gan Cao sweet I warm I HT LU SP ST (12 channels) Gui Pi Tang

33 Sheng Di sweet, bitter I cold I HT LV KD Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan I Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan

34 Xiang Fu acrid, sf bitter I sf sweet I neutral I LV SJ Vue Ju Wan

35 Su Zi acrid I warm I Ll LU Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang

36 Yin Xing sweet, bitter, astringent I neutral, sf toxic I KD LU Ding Chuan Tang

37 Chen Pi acrid, bitt er I warm, aromatic I LU SP ST Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang II Ju Hong: Er Chen Tang I Bei Mu Gua Lou San I Ba n Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang

38 Zhu Ru sweet I sf cold I GB LU ST Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang I Wen Dan Tang

39 Tao Ren bitter, sweet I neutral I HT Ll LV LU Tao He Cheng Qi Tang I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang

40 Hong Hua acrid I warm I HT LV Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang

41 Chuan Xiong acrid I warm I LV GB PC Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang

42 Bu Gu Zhi acrid, bitter I very warm I KD SP Si Shen Wan

43 Gui Ban salty, sweet I cold I HT KD LV Gu Jing Wan

44 Bai Shao bitter, sour I cool I LV SP Gu Jing Wan

45 Suan Zao Ren sour, sweet I neutral I GB HT LV SP Suan Zao Ren Tang

46 Fu Xiao Mai sweet, salty I cool I HT Gan Mai Da Zao Tang

47 Jing Jie acrid I sf warm, aromatic I LU LV Xiao Feng San

48 Fang Feng acrid, sweet I sf warm I UB LV SP Xiao Feng San

49 Niu Bang Zi acrid, bitter I cold I LU ST Xiao Feng San

so Chan Tui sweet, salty I sf cold I LU LV Xiao Feng San

51 Zhi Cao Wu acrid, bitter I warm, very toxic I HT LV SP Xiao Huo Luo Dan

52 Zhi Chaun Wu acrid, bitter I warm, very toxic I HT LV SP Xiao Huo Luo Dan

n 53 Tian Ma sweet I neutral I LV Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin I Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang
J>
"'I 54 Gou Teng sweet I cool I HT LV Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
0
3
c
55 Shi Jue Ming sa lty I cold I KD LV Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin

i 56 Chuan Bei Mu bitter, sweet I sf cold I HT LU Bei Mu Gua Lou San

Ill
57 Zi Wan bitter I sf warm I LU Zhi Sou San

58 Bai Qian acrid, sweet I sf warm I LU Zhi Sou San "'I

0
59 Bai Bu sweet, bitter I sf warm I LU Zhi Sou San ::a
3:
60 Shan Zha sour, sweet I sf warm I LV SP ST Bao He Wan c:
~
en
Ul
CIO
......
 Ul

.,~
Cll
CHART 7. TONGUE AND PULSE Cll
0
ac •... ~tEGQRJiS ~ ·. ..·. lONGUE
.· • · <.
· ..··
.
. ... PU-.s£
.
·. . /
.......
•···
.,
0
thin, white tongue coating floating, tight pulse
;
/~~~
Ma Huang Tang
iUl
Gui Zhi Tang thin, white, and moist tongue coating floating pulse that is either moderate or frail c
~ Ge Gen Tang thin, white tongue coating floating, rapid pulse
E
:::s
CD
c
.. Sang Ju Yin thin, white tongue coating floating, rapid pulse
ID
Ill t••< •?( .:~ <······<·· • • Yin Qiao San thin, white, or thin, yellow tongue coating floating, rapid pulse
:::s ...... •< . .•. • ....•
,.ca. Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang thin, yellow tongue coating floating, slightly flooding pulse

iii ··.······.··.·•· ... •.· ····· ... Ren Shen Bai Ou San greasy, white tongue coating floating, soggy pulse

ID ·< • • • • •
~-
Bai Hu Tang red tongue + dry, yellow coating flooding, forceful or slippery, rapid pulse

Huang Lian Jie Du Tang red tongue + yellow coating rapid, forceful pulse
•••••••

Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang yellow tongue coating slippery, rapid pulse

···.·
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang red tongue + yellow coating wiry, rapid, forceful pulse

i ........ ····: Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang red tongue + little coating fine, rapid pulse

c ~L •·· Da Cheng Qi Tang dry, yellow or dry, black tongue coating with prickles submerged, excessive pulse
.....
,,. ,,.. , ....... >• Xiao Cheng Qi Tang 'old-looking' (dirty and dry) yellow tongue coating slippery, rapid pulse

· . ·..•..•.•••. <•...···.. Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang yellow coating slippery, rapid pulse

1<~.
. •·. .. ..... Xiao Chai Hu Tang thin, white tongue coating wiry pulse

· · ·~· · · ·
Si Ni San red tongue + yellow coating wiry pulse
.: .:.
• 1. Xiao Yao San pale-red tongue wiry, deficient pulse
••••••••••••••••••

........
Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang thin, yellow, and greasy tongue coating wiry, rapid pulse
i
Ping Wei San swollen tongue + thick, white, and greasy coating moderate or slippery pulse

Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San white, greasy tongue coating moderate, soggy pulse

...... Ba Zheng San yellow, greasy tongue coating slippery, rapid pulse

Wu Ling San white coating floating pulse

Zhu Ling Tang red tongue + white or slightly yellow coating thready, rapid pulse

••• Wu Pi San white, greasy tongue coating submerged and moderate pulse

... :., Zhen Wu Tang pale or dark swollen with tooth marks + white, slippery coating submerged, thin, and forceless pulse

·
....................... Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang pale tongue + white coating thin, weak, slow pulse
. j; Li Zhong Wan pale tongue + white coating submerged, thin pulse

a Wu Zhu Yu Tang not red, but has a white slippery coating thin, slow pulse or thin, wiry pulse
~ ·~
30 Da Jian Zhong Tang white, slippery tongue coating thin, tight or slow, wiry (in especially severe cases, hidden) pulse
r-- CQtO
:u Si Ni Tang pale tongue + white, slippery coating submerged, thin or submerged, faint pulse
 CATEGORIES NAME TONGUE PULSE

32 Si Jun 2i Tang pale tongue thin and/or frail

-
33 Bu 2hong Vi Qi Tang pale tongue + thin, white coating f looding, deficient or deficient, rootless at right middle position
-
34 Sheng Mai San pale, red tongue + dry, thin coating deficient, rapid or deficient, thin pulse
-
35 Si Wu Tang pale tongue thin, w iry or thin, choppy pulse
- TONIFY
36 Gui Pi Tang pale tongue + thin, white coating thin, fra il pulse
-
37 Shi Quan Da Bu Tang pale, dusky tongue + thin, white coating thin, weak, deep, possibly slow
f--
38 Liu Wei Di Huang Wan red tongue + little coating rapid, th in pulse
1---
39 Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan pale, swollen tongue + thin, white, and moist coating empty or frail which is submerged and faint at proximal position

40 Vue Ju Wan dusky, purple or red tongue + yellow, greasy coat wiry, slippery, possibly rapid
~

41 Ban Xia Hou Po Tang moist or greasy, white tongue coating wiry, slow or wiry, slippery pulse
~

42 REGULATE Ql Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang white tongue coating that is either slippery or greasy slippery, weak
1--
43 Ding Chuan Tang greasy, yellow tongue coating slippery, rapid pulse
1--
44 Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang tendeG red tongue deficient, rapid pulse

45 Tao He Cheng Qi Tang purple tongue + thin, yellow coating submerged, full, or choppy pulse
1--
46 INVIGORATE Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang dark-red tongue, dark spots on the sides of the tongue choppy or wiry, tight pulse
~

47 BLOOD Wen Jing Tang dusky tongue + thin coating deep, slow, thin or choppy, wiry, tight
1--
48 Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan purple with dark spots + white or yellow coating choppy pulse

49 Yu Ping Feng San pale tongue + white coating floating, deficient, and soft pu lse
~
STABILIZE
so Si Shen Wan pale tongue + thin, white coating submerged, slow, and forceless pulse
1-- AND BIND
51 Gu Jing Wan red tongue rapid, w iry pulse

52 Suan Zao Ren Tang dry, red tongue wiry or t hin, rapid pulse
f--
53 CALM SHEN Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan red tongue + little coating thin, rapid pulse
1---
54 Gan Mai Da Zao Tang red tongue + sparse coating thin, rapid pulse

55 Xiao Feng San yellow or white tongue coating forceful, fl oating, and rapid pu lse
1-------
n 56 EXPEL WIND Xiao Huo Luo Dan white, moist coating wiry and tight, or soft and moderate
.,
~ 1-------

..
0
3
57

58
Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin

Er Chen Tang
red tongue

swollen tongue + white, thick, greasy coating

wiry, rapid pulse

slippery pulse
c 1-------
i 59
1------- DISSOLVE
Wen Dan Tang greasy, yellow tongue coating rapid pulse that is either slippery or wiry
Ill
60 Bei Mu Gua Lou San red and dry tongue + little coating rapid and thin but strong pulse
-1 1------- PHLEGM
0 61 Zhi Sou San thin, white tongue coating moderate, floating pu lse
:II
ca -
c 62 Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang white, greasy tongue coating wiry, slippery pulse
ID
Ill 63 DIGESTIVE Bao He Wan yellow, greasy tongue coating slippery pulse
:I
a.
'V
c
Ui
ID
 Ul

.,0~
CD
CHART 8. CAUTIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS 0

... NAME CAUTIONS & CONTRAINDICATIONS

3
c 1 Ma Huang Tang CON: debility, copious urination, prone to bleed ing (especially from nose) I CAU: hypertension
iii
Ill 2 Gui Zhi Tang CON: exterior cold and interior heat I CAU: during summer or hot weather, In case of side-effects one should take Ba i Hu Jia Ren Shen Ta ng

n
..o·
AI
c
:I
3

4
Ge Gen Tang

Sang Ju Yin
none noted in Materia Medica

none noted in Materia Medica

Ill 5 Yin Qiao San CAU: In case with damp-heat, unless this formula is modified it will be ineffective.

6 Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang CON: sim ple exterior wind-heat disorders

7 Ren Shen Bai Du San CON: on ly for external wind-cold-damp, and is contraindicated for cases w it h heat

8 Bai Hu Tang CON: fever due to SP & ST deficiency, true cold and fa lse heat I CAU: carefu l follow-up is advised

9 Huang Lian Jie Du Tang CON: on ly for excess condition in robust constitution I CAU: long-term use, heat in the nutrit ive or blood levels

10 Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang CON: wheezing due to cold, in cases where the pathogenic influence lingers due to normal Qi def iciency

11 long Dan Xie Gan Tang CAU: long-term use or large doses, it can harm the Spleen of fluids

12 Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang CON: early stage of warm-febrile disease, spasms or convulsions

13 Da Cheng Qi Tang CON: during pregnancy I CAU: weak patient, This is a very strong formula which may cause vomit ing or severe diarrhea

14 Xiao Cheng Qi Tang CON: during pregnancy I CAU: weak patient

15 Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang CON: during pregnancy I CAU: weak patient

16 Xiao Chai Hu Tang CON: excess above and deficiency below, LV f ire, gum bleeding I CAU: ascendant LV Yang, hypertension, or vomit ing of blood due to Yin deficiency

17 Si Ni San none noted in Materia Medica

18 Xiao Yao San none noted in Materia Medica

19 Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang none noted in Materia Medica

20 Ping Wei San CAU: only be used with significant modification for patients with Yin or Blood deficiency, during pregnancy

21 Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San CAU: only be used with significant modification in cases with wind-heat of fire due to deficiency

22 Ba Zheng San CAU: long-term use, only be used with significant modification in treating conditions of cold form deficiency, or during pregnancy

23 Wu Ling San CAU: on ly be used with modification in cases with SP or KD Qi deficiency, SP and ST deficiency, Yin deficiency

24 Zhu Ling Tang none noted in Materia Medica

25 Wu Pi San CAU: Although this is a relatively mild formula, Spleen-tonifying herbs shou ld be added for cases with severe SP deficiency

26 Zhen Wu Tang none noted in Materia Medica

27 Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang none noted in Materia Medica

28 Li Zhong Wan CON: exterior conditions with fever or Yin def., or for sudden turmoil disorder, its use should be discontinued once the vomiting and diarrhea have stopped

29 Wu Zhu Yu Tang CON: vomiting or acid regurgitation due to heat I CAU : Taking in cool t emperature and rest after taking t he decoction ca n minimize side effects

30 Da Jian Zhong Tang CON: internal clumping, damp-heat, or Yin and Blood deficiency

31 Si Ni Tang CON: true heat and false cold

 NAME CAUTIONS & CONTRAINDICATIONS

32 Si Jun 2i Tang CAU: Overuse may result in a dry mouth, thirst, and irrita bi lity, caution in hight fever, deficient heat, irritability, thirst, and constipation

33 Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang CON: fever due to Yin deficiency, and this formula is not indicated in all instances of prolapse, but only in those due to Qi deficiency

34 Sheng Mai San CAU: used with extreme caution in cases with high fever, or in which the pathogenic influence has not been resolved, or has yet to inj ure t he f luids

35 Si Wu Tang CON: acute, severe blood loss, or severe blood deficiency I CAU: In cases w ith constitutional SP Yang deficiency, one should modify form ula

36 Gui Pi Tang none noted in M ateria Medica

37 Shi Quan Da Bu Tang none not ed in M ateria Medica

38 liu Wei Di Huang Wan CAU: indigestion, diarrhea due to SP deficiency, or a white, greasy tongue coating

39 Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan CON: Yin deficiency with a dry mout h and throat and a red tongue with little coating

40 Vue Ju Wan CON: st agnation due to deficiency

41 Ban Xia Hou Po Tang CON: in pat ient s presenting w it h a f lushed face, a bitte r taste in the mouth, and a red tongue wit h scanty coating

42 Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang CON: LU and KD both deficiency, in cases of wheezing and a productive cough due to heat in the Lungs

43 Ding Chuan Tang CON: ext erior wind-cold without sweating, internal phlegm-heat, chronic asthma with Qi deficiency and a frail pulse

44 Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang CON: heat from excess or cold from deficiency

45 Tao He Cheng Qi Tang CON: during pregnancy, if the re are st ill exterior symptoms, the exterior should first be released before using this formula

46 Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang CON: during pregnancy, excessive menstrual bleeding, bleeding diathesis or any active hemorrhagic disorder

47 Wen Jing Tang CON: abdominal masses due to blood stasis from excess

48 Gui Zhi Fu ling Wan CAU: use with extreme caution during pregnancy or postpartum, and only when there is a confi rmed diagnosis of blood stasis prod ucing t his pattern

49 Yu Ping Feng San none not ed in M ateria Medica

50 Si Shen Wan CON: accumulation or stagnation in the Stomach or Intestines

51 Gu Jing Wan none noted in M ateria Medica

52 Suan Zao Ren Tang none not ed in Materia Medica

53 Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan CAU: because this formu la contains toxic substances, it should not be taken long-term

54 Gan Mai Da lao Tang none not ed in M at eria M edica

55 Xiao Feng San CON: Qi or Blood deficiency

56 Xiao Huo Luo Dan CON: Yi n def iciency, or during pregnancy, on ly be used for strong constitution

57 Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin none noted in Materia Medica

58 Er Chen Tang CON: cough associated with LU Yin deficiency I CAU: the improper use of this formula can lead t o excessive thi rst and a dry throat
n none not ed in M ateria M edica
~ 59 Wen Dan Tang

""
0 60 Bei Mu Gua Lou San CON: cough due to Yin deficiency

3
c 61 Zhi Sou San CON: cough associated with Yin deficiency, cough due to heat in the Lungs ""0
::a
iii 62 Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian MaT. CON: vertigo from either ascendant LV Yang or Blood deficiency
3:
en c
n
..c;·
I»
c
63 Bao He Wan CON: SP deficiency
E
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:II
Cll ....CD
592 FORMULAS
32. Si Ren Shen

33. Bu

I Bai Zhu I Zhi Gan Cao

JuYin Release Exterior

Jin Yin Hual 37. Shi Ren Shen I Shu Di

San

Hu IGe Gen 6.Chai 38. Liu Wei Di

7. Ren Shen Bai Du San 39. Jin

40. Yue Ju Wan Fu

41. Ban Xia Hou Po

Clear Heat Ql 42. SuZi

43.

44. Ju Pi Zhu Ru Ju Pi I Zhu Ru

45.Tao

46. Xue Fu Zhu Yu

Da

Wan GuiZhiiFu
Chai Hu 16. Xiao Chai Hu
KING HERBS

Harmonize
Stabilize and Bind 50. Si Shen Wan Bu GuZhi

51. Gu Wan Gui Ban I Bai Shao

Calm Shen

Yin Tian Ma I Gou

58. ErChen

Zhu Ru

60. Bei Mu Gua Lou San Chuan Bei Mu

61. Zhi Sou San Zi Wan I Bai Bu I Bai Qian

Warm Interior

62. Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Ban Xia I Tian Ma

Bao He Wan Shan Zha

CA Formulas I King Herbs Map

 3 RAPID PULSE
PULSE ANALYSIS OF 63 FORMULAS
FORMULA PULSE
Sang Ju Yin Rapid Superficial
Yin Qiao San Rapid Superficial
Bai Hu Tang Rapid Surging Forcef ul
1 SUPERFICIAL PULSE Huang Lian Jie Du Tang Rapid Forceful
FORMULA PULSE Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Rapid Rolling
Ma Huang Tang Superficial Tense Long Dan Xie Gan Tang Rapid String-taut Ro lling
Gui Zhi Tang Superficial Moderate Weak Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang Rapid Thready
Ge Gen Tang Superficial Tense Da Cheng Qi Tang Rapid Deep Excess
Sang Ju Yin Superficial Rapid Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Rapid Rolling
Yin Qiao San Superficial Rapid Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang Rapid Rolling
Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang Superficial Sly surging Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang Rapid String-taut
Ren Shen Bai Du San Superficial Soft Ba Zheng San Rapid Rolling
Wu Ling San Superficial Rolling Zhu Ling Tang Rapid Thready
Yu Ping Feng San Superficial Deficient Soft Sheng Mai San Rapid Def icient Thready
Xiao Feng San Superficial Rapid Forceful Liu Wei Di Huang Tang Rapid Thready
Zhi Sou San Superficial Moderate Vue Ju Wan Rap id String-taut Ro lling
Ding Chuan Tang Rapid Rolling
Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang Rapid Deficient
Gu Jing W an Rapid String-taut
Suan Zao Ren Tang Rapid String-taut Thready
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan Rapid Thready
Gan Mai Da Zao Tang Rapid Th ready
Xiao Feng San Rapid Superficial Forcefu l
Tian M a Gou Teng Yin Rapid String-taut
Wen Dan Tang Rapid Rolling String-t aut
2 DEEP PULSE Bei Mu Gua Lou San Rapid Thready Strong
FORMULA PULSE
Da Cheng Qi Tang Deep Excess
Wu Pi San Deep Moderate
Zhen Wu Tang Deep Weak Forceless
Li Zhong Wan Deep Weak 4. SLOW PULSE
Si Ni Tang Deep Weak Faint FORMULA PULSE
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Deep Thready Slow Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang Slow Weak Thready
n Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan Deep Weak Deficient Wu Zhu Yu Tang Slow Thready St ring-t aut
:1>
., Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Deep Excess Hesitant Da Jian Zhong Tang Slow Tense String-taut

..3
0 Wen Jing Tang
Si Shen Wan
Deep
Deep
Hesitant
Slow
Slow
Forceless
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang
Ban Xia Hou Po Tang
Slow
Slow( possibly)
Wea k
String-taut
Threa dy
Rolling
c Wen Jing Tang Slow Hesitant Thready
ii
Ill
,.
(')

"'I
0 5. THREADY PULSE 7 STRING-TAUT PULSE
3
c FORMULA PULSE FORMULA PULSE
Thready Rapid Long Dan Xie Gan Tang String-taut Rapid Forceful
Di Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang

,c
Ill Thready Rapid Xiao Chai Hu Tang String-taut
Zhu Ling Tang
Zhen Wu Tang Thready Deep Forceless Si Ni San String-taut
Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang Thready Weak Slow Xiao Yao San String-ta ut Deficient
iii
,.::s
CD Li Zhong Wan
Wu Zhu Vu Tang
Thready
Thready
Deep
Slow String-taut
Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang
Wu Zhu Vu Tang
String-taut
String-taut
Rapid
Thready Slow
Ill Thready Tense String-taut Da Jian Zhong Tang String-taut Tense Slow
Da Jian Zhong Tang
j Si Ni Tang Thready Deep Faint Si Wu Tang String-taut Thready Hesita nt
iii' Si Jun Zi Tang Thready Wea k Vue Ju Wan String-taut Hesitant Rolling
Si Wu Tang Thready String-taut Hesitant Ban Xia Hou Po Tang String-taut Rolling
Gui Pi Tang Thready Weak Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang String-taut Hesitant
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Thready Weak Deep Wen Jing Tang String-taut Deep Hesitant
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan Thready Rapid Gu Jing Wan String-taut Rapid
Wen Jing Tang Thready Deep Hesitant Suan Zao Ren Tang String-taut Thready Rapid
Suan Zao Ren Tang Thready Rapid String-taut Xiao Huo Luo Dan String-taut Tense
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan Thready Rapid Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin String-taut Rapid
Gan Mai Da Zao Tang Thready Rapid Wen Dan Tang String-taut Rapid Rolling
Bei Mu Gua Lou San Thready Rapid Strong Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma T. String-taut Rolling

6. ROLLING PULSE 8. HESITANT PULSE

FORMULA PULSE FORMULA PULSE
Bai Hu Tang Rolling Surging Rapid Si Wu Tang Hesitant Thready String-taut
Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Rolling Rapid Vue Ju Wan Hesitant String-taut Rapid
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang Rolling String-taut Rapid Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Hesitant Deep Excess
Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Rolling Rapid Xue Fu Zhu Vu Tang Hesit ant String-taut
Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang Rolling Rapid Wen Jing Tang Hesitant Deep Slow
Ping Wei San Rolling Moderate Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan Hesitant
Ba Zheng San Rolling Rapid
Wu Ling San Rolling Superficial
Vue Ju Wan Rolling String-taut Slow
Ban Xia Hou Po Tang Rolling String-taut
Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang Rolling Weak
9. SOFT PULSE
Ding Chuan Tang Rolling Rapid
Er Chen Tang Rolling FORMULA PULSE
Ren Shen Bai Du San Soft Superficial
Wen Dan Tang Rolling Rapid String-taut
Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian MaT. Rolling Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Soft Moderate
String-taut
Yu Ping Feng San Soft Superficial Deficient
Bao He Wan Rolling
 10. WEAK PULSE
FORMULA PULSE
Ren Shen Bai Du San Weak Superficial Soft
Zhen Wu Tang Weak Deep Threa dy
Si Ni Tang Weak Dee p Threa dy
Si Jun Zi Tang Weak Thready
Gui Pi Tang Weak Threa dy
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan Weak Defi cie nt Dee p
Si Shen Wan Weak Dee p Slow

11. EXCESS (FORCEFUL) PULSE

FORMULA PULSE
Bai Hu Tang Excess Surging Ra pid
Huang lian Jie Du Tang Excess Ra pid
long Dan Xie Gan Tang Excess String-taut Rapid
Da Cheng Qi Tang Excess Deep
Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Excess Deep Hesitant
Xiao Feng San Excess Superficial Rapid

12. DEFICIENT PULSE

FORMULA PULSE
Xiao Yao San Defi cie nt Stri ng-taut
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang Defi cient (m id dle)
Sheng Mai San Deficient Thready Ra pid

.,~
Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang Deficient Rapid
Yu Ping Feng San Deficient Soft Superfi cia l
0
3c
;'
Ill .,
0
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3:
c
I:
(I)

en
ID
en
596 FORMULAS

(1) ABDOMINAL PAIN

STATE BOARD FORMULAS FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
ACCORDING TO SYMPTOMS Bao He Wan Food retention
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang Qi deficiency
Da Cheng Qi Tang Yangming Fu Excess Heat
CONTENTS Da Jian Zhong Tang Interior Cold accumulation
Gui Pi Tang Qi deficiency
(1) Abdominal pain Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan Blood stasis
(2) Acid regurgitation Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Exterior Wind + Interior Damp
(3) Bitter Taste Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency
(4) Chest & Abdominal discomfort Li Zhong Wan SP Yang deficiency
Ping Wei San SP Cold-Damp
(5) Constipation
Si Jun Zi Tang SP Qi deficiency
(6) Cough and Asthma
Si Ni San LV overacting SP
(7) Delirium
Si Ni Tang KD/SP Yang deficiency
(8) Diarrhea
Si Shen Wan KD/SP Yang deficiency
(9) Difficult urination
Si Wu Tang LV Blood deficiency
(10) Dizziness & Vertigo Heat and Blood stasis
Tao He Cheng Qi Tang
(11) Edema Wen Jing Tang Deficient Cold + Blood stasis
(12) Emotional Conditions Wu Ling San Water-Damp retention
(13) Enuresis Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Yangming Fu Excess Heat
(14) Epigastric pain Vue Ju Wan Six stagnation
(15) Fatigue Zhen Wu Tang KD/SP Yang deficiency
(16) Fever
(17) Fever-Tidal
(18) Fever-Low grade
(19) Headache
(20) Hiccup
(21) Hypochondriac pain
(22) Insomnia
(23) Irregular Menstruation
(2) ACID REGURGITATION
(24) Irritability
FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
(25) Memory Loss
Bao He Wan Food retention
(26) Nausea & Vomiting
Ping Wei San SP Cold-Damp
(27) Pain : body, lumber, Limbs
Wen Dan Tang GB Phlegm-Heat
(28) Palpitation
Wu Zhu Vu Tang Cold in Yangming (ST)
(29) Restless Fetus Vue Ju Wan Six stagnations
(30) Somnolence
(31) Spermatorrhea
(32) Sweating: Night sweats
(33) Sweating: Spontaneous sweats
(34) Thirsty & Dry throat
(35) Throat Symptoms
(36) Tinnitus & Deafness
(37) Transform phlegm
(3) BITTER TASTE
(38) Uterine Bleeding
(39) Virginal Discharge FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
(40) Wheezing & Breathlessness Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang Taiyang ==> Vangming
(41) Yang deficiency Long Dan Xie Gan Tang LV Fire
Wen Dan Tang GB Phlegm-Heat
(42) Yin deficiency
Xiao Chai Hu Tang Shaoyang syndrome

CA Formula s I By Sym ptoms

 FORMULAS 597

(4) CHEST & ABDOMINAL DISCOMFORT (6) COUGH & ASTHM A

FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Ba Zheng San UB Damp-Heat Ban Xia Hou Po Tang LV Qi and Phlegm stagnation
Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma T. Ph legm + LV Wind Bei Mu Gua Lou San LU Dryness
Ban Xia Hou Po Tang LV Qi stagnation + Phlegm Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang SP Qi deficiency
Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang Pi syn. (subjective distention) Ding Chuan Tang Phlegm-Heat + Wind-Cold
Bao He Wan Food retention Er Chen Tang LU Damp-Phlegm
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang SP Qi deficiency Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency
Da Cheng Qi Tang Ya ngming Fu syndrome Ma Huang Tang Exterior Wind-Cold
Da Jian Zhong Tang Excess Cold accumulation Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Heat lodged in LU
Ding Chuan Tang LU Phlegm-Heat Ren Shen Bai Du San W-C-D + Deficient Normal Qi
Er Chen Tang LU Damp-Phlegm Sang Ju Yin W-H marked by cough
Gu Jing Wan LV Fire damage Yin Sheng Mai San LU Qi/Yin deficiency
Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan Blood stasis in Uterus Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Qi/Biood deficiency + mild Cold
Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Exterior W-C + Interior Damp Si Ni San LV Qi stagnation + Heat in chest
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang LU Cold-Phlegm + KD Yang def.
Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang ST deficiency + Heat Wen Dan Tang GB Phlegm-Heat
Li Zhong Wan SP Yang deficiency Wu Ling San Water-Damp accumulation
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang LV Fire 11 or LV Damp-Heat .!), Wu Pi San SP Qi deficiency with Damp
Ping Wei San SP Cold-Damp Yin Qiao San Wind-Heat with Toxic-Heat
Si Ni Tang KD Yang deficiency Yu Ping Feng San LU Wei Qi deficiency
Si Shen Wan KD/SP Yang deficiency Zhi Sou San External Wind attacking LU
Si Wu Tang Blood deficiency + Blood stasis Zhu Ling Tang Water and Heat accumulation
Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang LU Cold-Phlegm + KD Yang def.
Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Blood stasis + Heat accumulation
Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang ST/LI Dry-Heat of Yangming Fu
Wen Jing Tang Deficient Cold + Blood stasis
Wu Zhu Yu Tang Yangming/Jueyin/Shaoyin Cold (7) DELIRIUM
Xiao Chai Hu Tang Shaoyang syndrome FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Mild Yangming Fu syndrome Da Cheng Qi Tang Yangming Fu Excess Heat
Xiao Yao San LV Qi stag. + Blood/Qi deficiency Huang Lian Jie Du Tang Toxic-Heat in Three Jiaos
Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Blood st asis + LV Qi stagnation Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Blood/Heat accumulation in L.J.
Vue Ju Wan Six stagnation Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang ST/LI Dry-Heat pattern
Zhen Wu Tang KD/SP Yang deficiency Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Mild pattern of Yangming Fu
Zhu Ling Tang Water and Heat accumulation

(8) DIARRHEA

FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang ST/LI disharmony with Heat/Cold
Bao He W an Food retention
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang SP Qi sinking
Da Cheng Qi Tang Green-watery (Yangming Fu syn.)
Da Jian Zhong Tang Yang def. + Vigorous Excess-Cold
Ge Gen Tang Taiyang + Yangming syndrome
(5) CONSTIPATION Gui Pi Tang SP Qi deficiency
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang Interior Toxic-Heat & Damp-Heat
FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Exterior W-C + Interior Damp
Da Cheng Qi Tang Yangming Fu (Shi,Zao,Man,Pi)
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency
Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Taiyang Fu
Li Zhong Wan SP Yang deficiency (Taiyin syn.)
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan KD/HT Yin deficiency
Ping W ei San Cold-Damp in M .J.
Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang Yangming Fu (Shi,Zao)
Si Jun Zi Tang SP Qi deficiency
Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Yangming Fu {Shi,Man,Pi)
Si Ni San LV Qi stagnation overacting SP
Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Blood stasis + LV Qi stagnation
Si Ni Tang KD Yang deficiency (Shaoyin syn.)
Si Shen Wan KD/SP Yang deficiency
Wu Ling San Water-Damp accumulation
Wu Zhu Yu Tang Cold in Shaoyin
Xiao Yao San LV Qi stag. + Blood/Qi deficiency
Zhen Wu Tang KD/SP Yang deficiency
Zhu Ling Tang Water and Heat accumulation

CA Formula s I By Symptoms
598 FORMULAS

(9) DIFFICULT URINATION (12) EMOTIONAL CONDITIONS

FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION

Ba Zheng San UB Damp-Heat Ban Xia Hou Po Tang LV Qi and Phlegm stagnation
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang SP Qi sinking Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang SP Qi sinking due to overwork
Huang lian Jie Du Tang Toxic-Heat and Damp-Heat Gan Mai Da Zao Tang Zang Zao syndrome (Hysteria)
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency Gui Pi Tang HT Blood and SP Qi deficiency
liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD/LV Yin deficiency Gui Zhi Fu ling Wan Blood st asis in the Uterus
long Dan Xie Gan Tang LV/GB Damp-Heat liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD/LV Yin deficiency
Si Ni San LV Qi stagnation disturbing SP long Dan Xie Gan Tang LV Fire 1)'
Si Ni Tang KD Yang deficiency (Shaoyin syn.) Si Jun Zi Tang LU/SP Qi deficiency
Si Shen Wan KD/SP Yang deficiency Si Ni San LV Qi stagnation overacting SP
Wu ling San Taiyang Fu Water accumulation Si Wu Tang Blood deficiency + Blood stasis
Wu Pi San SP Qi deficiency w ith Damp Wen Dan Tang GB Phlegm-Heat
Zhen Wu Tang KD/SP Yang Xu + Water Xiao Chai Hu Tang Shaoyang syndrome
Zhu ling Tang Water and Heat accum ulation Xiao Yao San LV Qi stag. + Blood/Qi deficiency
Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang LV Qi stagnation + Blood stasis
Vue Ju Wan Six constraints

(10) DIZZINESS & VERTIGO

FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian MaT. Phlegm + LV Wind
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang SP Qi sinking
Er Chen Tang LU Damp-Phlegm
Gan Mai Da Zao Tang HT Yin deficiency + LV Qi stag. (13) ENURESIS
Gui Pi Tang HT Blood and SP Qi deficiency FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang SP Qi sinking
liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD/LV Yin deficiency Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency
long Dan Xie Gan Tang LV Fire 1)' Si Shen Wan KD/ SP Yang deficiency
Sheng Mai San LU Qi/Yin deficiency
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Qi/Biood/Yang deficiency
Si Jun Zi Tang LU/SP Qi deficiency
Si Wu Tang Blood deficiency + Blood stasis
Suan Zao Ren Tang LV Blood + HT Yin defici ency
Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin LV Yang rising
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan KD Yin deficiency + HT Fire 1l'
Wen Dan Tang GB Phlegm-Heat
Wu ling San Water-Damp accumu lation
Wu Zhu Yu Tang Cold in Ya ngming/Jueyin/Shaoyin
(14) EPIGASTRIC PAIN
Xiao Chai Hu Tang Shaoyang syndrome
Xiao Yao San LV Qi stag. + Blood/Qi deficiency FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Zhen Wu Tang KD/SP Yang deficiency + Water Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang Pi syn. (subjective dist ention)
Bao He Wan Food retention
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang SP Qi deficiency
Da Cheng Qi Tang Yangming Fu Excess syndrome
Da Jian Zhong Tang Excess Cold accumu lation
Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Interior Damp + Exterior W-C
li Zhong Wan SP Yang def iciency
(11) EDEMA Ping Wei San SP Cold-Damp
Si Jun Zi Tang SP Qi defi ciency
FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Si Ni San LV overacting SP
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang SP Qi sinking
Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang ST/LI Dry-Heat
Gui Pi Tang SP Qi deficiency
Wu ling San Water-Damp accumulation
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency + Water
Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Mild Yangming Fu syndrome
Ma Huang Tang Yang edema due to Wind-Cold
Xiao Yao San LV Qi stag. + Blood/ Qi deficiency
Ping Wei San Cold-Damp in M .J.
Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Blood stasis + LV Qi stagnation
Wu ling San W at er-Damp accumulat ion
Vue Jue Wan Six constraints
Wu Pi San Skin Edema (Pi Shui)
Zheng Wu Tang KD/SP Yang Xu + Water
Zhu ling Tang Water and Heat accumu lation

CA Formulas I By Symptoms
 FORMULAS 599

(15) FATIGUE (17) FEVER: TIDAL

FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang M.J. Yang Qi sinking Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang Qi deficiency (morning, exertion)
Er Chen Tang LU Damp-Phlegm Da Cheng Qi Tang Yangming Fu syn . (3-Spm)
Gui Pi Tang SP Qi deficiency Gui Pi Tang SP Qi deficiency
Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Exterior W-C + Interior Damp liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD/ LV Yin deficiency
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang Night Feve r, Morning Coolness
Li Zhong Wan SP Yang deficiency Si Wu Tang Blood deficiency + Blood stasis
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD/LV Yin deficiency Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Heat/Water accumulation in L.J.
Ping Wei San SP Cold-Damp Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang ST/LI Dry-Heat
Sheng Mai San LU Qi/Yin deficiency Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Mild pattern of Yangming Fu
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Qi/Biood/Yin deficiency Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Blood stasis + LV Qi stagnation
Si Jun Zi Tang LU/SP Qi deficiency
Si Ni San LV Qi stagnation overacting SP
Si Ni Tang Yin Jue due to KD/SP Yang def.
Si Wu Tang Blood deficiency + Blood stasis
Suan Zao Ren Tang LV Blood + HT Yin deficiency
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan KD and HT mis-communication (18) FEVER: LOW GRADE
Wen Dan Tang GB/ST disharmony due to P-H FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Wu Ling San Water-Damp accumulation Bao He Wan Food reten tion
Xiao Yao San LV Qi stag. + Blood/Qi deficiency Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang Qi deficiency (overwork)
Yu Ping Feng San LU Wei Qi deficiency Gui Pi Tang SP Qi and HT Blood deficiency
Vue Ju Wan Six constraints (excess only) Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan Blood stasis in the Uterus
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD/LV Yin deficiency
Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang Smoldering Heat in the Yin level
Si Ni San Yang Jue with Heat in the chest
Si Ni Tang True Cold + False Heat
Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Heat/Water accumulation in L.J.
(16) FEVER
Wen Jing Tang Chong/Ren Cold + Blood stasis
FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION Xiao Yao San LV Qi stag. + Blood/Qi deficiency
Ba Zheng San UB Damp-Heat Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Blood stasis + LV Qi stagnation
Bai Hu Tang Yangming Jing (4 Bigs)
Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang Pi syn. (Heat/Cold complex)
Bei Mu Gua lou San LU Dryness
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang Intermittent, morning, exertion
Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang Decreasing chills, increasing fever
Da Cheng Qi Tang Tida l-fever between 3-Spm (19) HEADACHE
Gan Mai Da Zao Tang HT Yin deficiency + LV Qi stag. FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Ge Gen Tang Wind-Cold (chills > heat) Ban Xia Hou Po Tang Phlegm + LV Qi stagnation
Gu Jing Wan LV Fire damaging Yin Ban Xie Bai Zhu Tian MaT. Phlegm + LV Wind
Gui Zhi Tang Wind-Cold (chills > heat) Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang M.J. Qi sinking
Huang lian Jie Du Tang Toxic-Heat in Three Jiaos Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang W-C transforming into Heat
Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Interior Damp + Exterior W-C Ge Gen Tang W-C + stiff neck
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD/LV Yin deficiency Gui Zhi Tang Wind-Cold deficient type
long Dan Xie Gan Tang LV Fire 11 or LV/GB Damp-Heat -IJ, Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San Exterior W-C + Interior Damp
Ma Huang Tang Wind-Cold (chills > fever) Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency
Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Cough, Fever, nasal flaring Liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD/LV Yin deficiency
Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang Night fever, morning coolness long Dan Xie Gan Tang LV Fire 11
Ren Shen Bai Du San W-C-D + Interior Qi deficiency Ma Huang Tang Wind-Cold excess type
Sang Ju Yin Wind-Heat (fever > chills) Sang Ju Yin W-H headache
Sheng Mai San LU Qi/Yin deficiency Si Ni San LV Qi stagnation overacting SP
Suan Zao Ren Tang LV Blood leading to Def. Heat Si Wu Tang Blood deficiency + Blood stasis
Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Heat and Water accumulation Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin LV Yang rising (throbbing)
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan KD/HT Yin deficiency Wu Ling San Taiyang Fu Water accumulation
Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang ST/LI Dry-Heat (Yangming Fu) Wu Zhu Yu Tang Cold in Jueyin (vertex headache)
Wu Ling San Taiyang Fu Water accumulation Xiao Chai Hu Tang Shaoyang syndrome
Xiao Chai Hu Tang Altarnating chills/fever (Shaoyang) Xiao Huo luo Dan Acute Bi syn . due to W-C-D
Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Mild Yangming Fu pattern Xiao Yao San LV Qi stag. + Blood/Qi deficiency
Xiao Feng San Wind-Damp-Heat in the skin Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Blood stag. (stubborn headache)
Xiao Yao San LV Qi st ag. + Blood/Qi deficiency Yin Qiao San Wind-Heat with Toxic-Heat
Yin Qiao San Wind-Heat (fever > chil ls) Zhen Wu Tang KD/SP Yang deficiency
Zhu Ling Tang Water and Heat accumu lation

CA Formulas I By Symptoms
600 FORMULAS

(20) HICCUP (24) IRRITABILITY

(21) HYPOCHONDRIAC PAIN

(2S) MEMORY LOSS

(22) INSOMNIA

(26) NAUSEA & VOMITING

(23) IRREGULAR MENSES

CA Formulas I By Symptoms
 FORMULAS 601

(27) PAIN: BODY, LUMBAR, LIMBS (31) SPERMATORRHEA

FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang Chronic Bi with LV/KD deficiency Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD Yin deficiency
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD/LV Yin deficiency Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Qi/Biood/Yang deficiency
Ma Huang Tang W-C Excess type Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan KD and HT mis-communication
Ren Shen Bai Du San W-C-D + Normal Qi deficiency
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Qi/Biood/Yang deficiency
Si Ni Tang KD Yang deficiency
Si Shen Wan KD/SP Yang deficiency
Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang LU Cold-Phlegm + KD Yang def.
Suan Zao Ren Tang LV Blood and HT Yin deficiency
Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin LV Yang rising
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan KD/HT Yin deficiency
Zhen Wu Tang W ater and Cold accumulation
(32) SWEATING: NIGHT SWEATS
FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Gan Mai Da Zao Tang HT Yin deficiency + LV Qi stag.
Gui Pi Tang HT Blood + SP Qi deficiency
liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD/LV Yin deficiency
(28) PALPITATION Ping Wei San SP/ST Cold-Damp
Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang Later stage of Warm-febrile dz.
FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION Si Wu Tang LV Blood def. + Blood stasis
Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang Chronic Bi + Qi/Biood deficiency Suan Zao Ren Tang LV Blood + HT Yin deficiency
Er Chen Tang LU Damp-Phlegm Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan KD/HT Yin deficiency
Gan Mai Da Zao Tang Zang Zao syndrome Wu ling San UB Water accumulation
Gui Pi Tang SP Qi deficiency Xiao Chai Hu Tang Shaoyang syndrome
Sheng Mai San HT Qi/Yin deficiency
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Qi/Biood/Yang deficiency
Si Jun Zi Tang LU/SP Qi deficiency
Si Ni San Yang Jue with Chest Heat
Suan Zao Ren Tang LV Blood and HT Yin deficiency
Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin LV Yang rising
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan KD and HT mis-communication
Wen Dan Tang GB Phlegm-Heat
Wu Ling San Water-Damp accumulation
Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Blood stasis in the Chest
(33) SWEATING: SPONTANEOUS SWEATS
Zhen Wu Tang Water overflow to HT
FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Bai Hu Tang Yangming Jing Blazing Fire
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang SP Qi def iciency
Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang Taiyang transform into Yangm ing
Da Cheng Qi Tang Yangming Fu Excess pattern
Gui Pi Tang SP Qi deficiency
(29) RESTLESS FETUS Gui Zhi Tang Wind-Cold of Deficient type
Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Heat lodged in LU
FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Ren Shen Bai Du San W-C-D + Qi deficiency
Gui Zhi Fu ling Wan Blood stasis in Uterus
Sang Ju Yin Wind-Heat
Si Wu Tang Blood deficiency + Blood stasis
Sheng Mai San LU Qi/Yin deficiency
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Qi/Biood deficiency + mild Cold
Si Jun Zi Tang LU/SP Qi deficiency
Si Ni Tang LV Qi stagnation
Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang ST/ Intestine Dry-Heat
Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Mild pattern of Yangming Fu
Yin Qiao San Wind-Heat
(30) SOMNOLENCE
Yu Ping Feng San LU Wei Qi deficiency
FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Ping Wei San Cold-Damp in M .J.
Si Ni Tang Shaoyin Cold pattern

CA Formulas I By Symptoms
602 FORMULAS

(34) THIRST & DRY THROAT (37) TRANSFORM PHLEGM

FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION

Bai Hu Tang Yangming Jing syndrome Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian MaT. Phlegm + LV Wind
Bei Mu Gua Lou San LU Dryness Bei Mu Gua lou San LU Dry-Ph legm

Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang SP Qi deficiency Ding Chuan Tang LU Phlegm-Heat + Wind-Cold

Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang Taiyang tra nsform into Yangming Er Chen Tang lU Damp-Phlegm
Da Cheng Qi Tang Yangming Fu Excess syndrome Ren Shen Bai Du San W-C-D + Qi deficiency
Gan Mai Da Zao Tang HT Yin def. + LV Qi stagnation Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang LU Cold-Phlegm + KD Yang def.
Gu Jing Wan LV Fire injuring Chong/Ren Wen Dan Tang GB Phlegm-Heat
Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan Blood stasis in Uterus
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang Toxic-Heat in Three Jiaos
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD/LV Yin deficiency
Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Heat lodged in LU
Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang Heat smoldering in te Yin level
Sang Ju Yin W ind-Heat
Sheng Mai San LU Qi/Yin deficiency
Suan Zao Ren Tang LV Blood causi ng deficient Heat (38) UTERINE BLEEDING
Tao He Cheng Qi Tang Blood stasis + Heat in L.J. FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan KD/HT Yin deficiency Gu Jing Wan LV Fire damage Chong/Ren
Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang M ild Yangming Fu syndrome Gui Pi Tang SP Qi not holding Blood
Wen Jing Tang Deficient Cold + Blood stasis Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan Blood stasis in Uterus
Wu Ling San UB Water accumulation Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Qi/Biood/Yang deficiency
Xiao Cheng Qi Tang Mild pattern of Yangming Fu syn. LV Blood deficiency
Si Wu Tang
Xiao Yao San LV Qi stag. + Blood/ Qi deficiency Wen Jing Tang Deficient Cold + Blood stasis
Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang Blood stasis in Chest
Yin Qiao San W ind-Heat with Toxic-Heat
Zhu Ling Tang W ater and Heat accumu lation

(3S) THROAT SYMPTOMS

FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION (39) VAGINAL DISCHARGE

Ba Zheng San UB Damp-Heat
FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Ban Xia Hou Po Tang Plum-pit due to Phlegm/Qi stag.
Toxic-Heat in Three Jiaos Gui Pi Tang SP Qi deficiency not holding
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang
long Dan Xie Gan Tang LV/GB Damp-Heat -IJ,
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD Yin deficiency
Sheng Mai San LU Qi/Yin deficiency
Suan Zao Ren Tang LV Blood + HT Yin deficiency
Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang Mild Yangmi ng Fu syndrome
Xiao Chai Hu Tang Shaoyang syndrome
Xiao Yao San LV Qi stag + Blood/Qi deficiency
Yin Qiao San Wind-Heat
Zhi Sou San External Wind attacking LU
(40) W HEEZING & BREATHLESSNESS

FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Bai Hu Tang Blazing Heat in Yangming Jing
(36) TINNITUS & DEAFNESS
Bei Mu Gua lou San LU Dry-Phlegm
FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION Ding Chuan Tang LU Phlegm-Heat + Wind-Cold
Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian M a T. Phlegm + LV Wind Er Chen Tang LU Damp-Phlegm
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang LV Qi deficiency Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang Toxic-Heat in Three Jiaos M a Huang Tang Wind-Cold of Excess type
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency M a Xing Shi Gan Tang Heat lodged in LU
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD/LV Yin deficiency Sheng Mai San LU Qi/Yin deficiency
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang LV Fire 1)' Si Jun Zi Tang LU Qi deficiency
Sang Ju Yin Wind-Heat Si Ni San LV Qi stagnation overacting SP
Si Ni San LV Qi stagnation Si Ni Tang Shaoyin Cold
Si Wu Tang LV Blood deficiency Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang LU Cold-Phlegm + KD Yang def.
Suan Zao Ren Tang LV Blood and HT Yin defi ciency Xiao Chai Hu Tang Shaoyang syndrome
Tian M a Gou Teng Yin LV Yang rising Yu Ping Feng San LU Wei Qi defici ency
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan KD/HT Yin defi ciency Zhen W u Tang KD/SP Yang deficiency
Wen Dan Tang GB Phlegm-Heat
Xiao Yao San LV Qi stag + Blood/Qi deficiency

CA Formulas I By Symptoms
 FORMULAS 603

{41) YANG DEFICIENCY

FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Da Jian Zhong Tang MJ Yang Xu + Excess Cold
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan KD Yang deficiency
Li Zhong Wan SP Yang deficiency
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang Qi/Biood/Yang deficiency
Si Ni Tang KD Yang deficiency
Si Shen Wan KD and SP Yang deficiency
Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang LU Cold-Ph legm + KD Yang def.
Wu Zhu Yu Tang Cold in ST or LV or KD
Zhen Wu Tang KD and SP Yang deficiency

{42) YIN DEFICIENCY

FORMULA DIFFERENTIATION
Bei Mu Gua Lou San LU dryness
Gan Mai Da Zao Tang HT Yin deficiency + LV Qi Yu
Gu Jing Wan LV Fire damage Yin
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan KD Yi n deficiency
Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang Heat smoldering in Yin level
Sheng Mai San LU Qi and Yin deficiency
Suan Zao Ren Tang LV Blood and HT Yin deficiency
Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin LV Yang rising
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan KD Yin deficiency + HT Fire 11

CA Formulas I By Symptoms
604 FORMULAS

256 HERBAL FORMULAS NCCAOM

INDEX

CHAPTER CATEGORY PAGE

MAP NCCAOM FORMULA MAPS 605

1 RELEASE EXTERIOR 610

2 CLEAR HEAT 612

3 DRAIN DOWNWARD 616

4 HARMONIZE 617
5 TREAT DRYNESS 618
6 EXPEL DAMPNESS 619
7 WARM INTERIOR COLD 622
8 TONIFY 623
9 REGULATE Ql 626
10 INVIGORATE BLOOD 628
11 STOP BLEEDING 630
12 STABILIZE AND BIND 631
13 CALM SPIRIT 633
14 EXPEL WIND 634
15 OPEN THE ORIFICES 636
16 TREAT PHLEGM 637
17 REDUCE FOOD STAGNATION 639
18 EXPEL PARASITES 640

Pg.605-609: There is no official formu la list provided by NCCAOM. This

list includes the vast majority of formulas presented in Bensky &
Barolet's Chinese Herbal Medicine: Formulas & Strategies. A good
strategy is to focus on the most important and common ly used
formulas. NCCAOM does not endorse any third party study guide.

Pg.610-640: CA State board formulas are the most important, and should
be the core of study. This charts summarize the properties of formulas
tested by NCCAOM in addition to the CA State Board formulas. Blue
boxes indicate CA State Board formulas.

NCCAOM Formulas I Category Index

 FORMULAS 605
EARLY-STAGE DISORDER 1 Gong Chi Tang

2. Ma Huang Tang Da Qing Long Tang

3. Gui Zhi Tang

WIND-COLD 4. Xiao Qing Long Tang
5. Jiu Wei Qiang Huo Tang
6. Xiang Su San
7. Xiang Ru San

8. Sang Ju Yin
9. Yin Qiao San
WIND-HEAT 10. Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang
11. Sheng Ma Ge Gen Tang
12. Qiang Lan Tang
l (1) RELEASE EXTERIOR }- 13. Chuan Xiong Cha Tiao San
HEAD& NECK I 14. GangEr Zi San
I 15. Ge Gen Tang
16. Ren Shen Bai Du San
17. MaHuang Xi Xin Fu Zi Tang
INTERIOR DEFICIENCY 18. Zai Zao San
19. Gong Bai Qi Wei Yin
20. Jia Jian Wei Rui Tang

21. Fang Feng Tong Sheng San

EXTERIOR-INTERIOR EXCESS 22. Ge Gen Huang Lian Huang Qin Tang

23. Shi Gao Tang
24. Wu Ji San

1. Bai Hu Tang
QI-LEVEL I 2. Zhu Ye Shi Gao Tang
[ FORMULA MAP 1 I 3. Zhi Zi Dou Chi Tang
YING/BLOOD-LEVEL 4. Qing Ying Tang
I 5. Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang
6. Huang Lian Jie Du Tang
7. Xie Xin Tang
8. Pu Ji Xiao Du Yin
9. Qing Wen Bai Du Yin
TOXIC-HEAT
10. Xian Fang Huo Ming Yin
11. Wu Wei Xiao Du Yin
12. Si Miao Yang An Tang
13. Liu Shen Wan

14. Yin Qiao Ma Bo San

__b!L_ 15. Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang

f (2) CLEAR HEAT }- 16. Xie Bai San
17. Wei Jing Tang

18. Xie Huang San

ORGAN-HEAT 19. Qing Wei San
SP/ST
20. Yu Nu Jian
21. Dao Chi San

22. Long Dan Xie Gan Tang

L.!:Y_______j 23. Zuo Jin Wan
24. Bai Tau Weng Tang

DEFICIENT-HEAT 25. Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang

I 26. Qing Gu San

27. Qing Luo Yin

SUMMER-HEAT 28. Liu Yi San

29. Gui Ling Gan Lu Yin
30. Qing Shu Yi Qi Tang

NCCAOM Formulas I Category Maps

606 FORMULAS
1. Da Cheng Qi Tang 2 Xiao Cheng Qi Tang
1 3. Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang
4. Da Huang Mu Dan Tang
HEAT ACCUMULATION
5. Liang Ge San
6. Da Xian Xiong Tang
7. Huang Long Tang

8. Ma Zi Ren Wan
J (3) DRAIN DOWNWARD } MOISTEN THE INTESTINE J 9. Run Chang Wan
l1o. Ji Chuan Wan

11. Da Huang Fu Zi Tang

COLD ACCUMULATION
I 12. San Wu Bei Ji Wan

EXCESS-WATER
13. Shi Zao Tang
I 14. Zhou Che Wan

1. Xiao Chai Hu Tang

SHAOYANG
2. Da Chai Hu Tang
3. Hao Qin Qing Dan Tang
4. Da Yuan Yin

[ (4) HARMONIZE j- LV AND SP 5.SiNiSan

r 6. Xiao Yao San
l 7. Tong Xie Yao Fang
STAND INTESTINE 8. Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang

1. Xing Su San
DISPERSE + MOISTEN I 2. Sang Xing Tang
I 3. Qing Zao Jiu Fei Tang

4. Bai He Gu Jin Tang

5. Bu Fei E Jiao Tang
(5) TREAT DRYNESS j-
[ FORMULA MAP 2 ENRICH YIN + MOISTEN 6. Yang Yin Qing Fei Tang
7. Mai Men Don Tang
8. Zeng Ye Tang
9. Yu Ye Tang

1. Wu Ling San

LEACH OUT DAMP 2. Zhu Ling Tang

3. Wu Pi San
4. Fang Ji Huang Qi Tang

TRANSFORM DAMP 5. Ping Wei San

6. Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San

Upper Burner 7. San Ren Tang

I 8. Gan Lu Xiao Lu Dan

9. Lian Po Yin
Middle Burner J 10. Yin Chen Hao Tang
CLEAR DAMP-HEAT l 11. Zhong Man Fen Xiao Wan

12. Ba Zheng San

J (6) EXPEL DAMP } \13. Shao Yao Tang
Lower Burner
I 14. Er Miao San San Miao San
I Si Miao San

15. Zhen Wu Tang

WARM + TRANSFORM DAMP 16. Shi Pi Yin

17. Bei Xie Fen Qing Yin
18. Ji Ming San

19. Qiang Huo Sheng Shi Tang

20. Juan Bi Tang
DISPEL WIND-DAMP 21. Gui Zhi Shao Yao Zhi Mu Tang
22. Xuan Bi Tang
23. Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang

NCCAOM Formulas I Category Maps

 FORMULAS 607

WARM CHANNEL 1 Dang Gui Si Ni Tang

L2. Yang He Tang
3. Li Zhong Wan
4. Wu Zhu Yu Tang
WARM ORGAN 5. Xiao Jian Zhong Tang
l {7) WARM INTERIOR }-- 6. Da Jian Zhong Tang
7. Gan Cao Gan Jiang Tang
8. SiNiTang
RESCUE YANG-COLLAPSE I 9. Shen Fu Tang
l1o. Hei Xi Dan

1. Si Jun Zi Tang
2. Shen Ling Bai Zhu San
QITONIC 3. Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
4. Sheng Mai San
5. Bu Fei Tang
6. Ren Shen Ge Jie San
7. Si Wu Tang
BLOOD TONIC 8. Dang Gui Shao Yao Tang
9. Shao Yao Gan Cao Tang
10. Dang Gui Sheng Jiang Yang Rou Tang
11. Dang Gui Bu Xue Tang
12. GuiPiTang
Ql AND BLOOD TONIC 13. Zhi Gan Cao Tang
14. Ba Zhen Tang 15. Shi Quan Da Bu Tang

16. He Ren Yin

r (8) TONIFY }--
17. Liu Wei Di Huang Wan

l FORMULA MAP 3
J
18. Zuo Guo Yin
19. Da Bu Yin Wan
20. Hu Qian Wan
YIN TONIC 21. Da Zao Wan
22. Yi Guan Jian
23. Zhu Jing Wan
24. Qi Baa Mei Ran Dan
25. Er Zhi Wan
26. Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
27. You Gui Wan
YANG TONIC 28. Tu Si Zi Wan
29. Zan Yu Dan
30. Er Xian Tang

1. Yue Ju Wan
2. Ban Xia Hou Po Tang
3. Gua Lou Xie Bai Bai Ju Tang
4. Hou Po Wen Zhong Tang
MOVE Ql 5. Liang Fu Wan
6. Jin Ling Zi San
7. Tian Tai Wu Yao San
8. Nuan Gan Jian
{9) REGULATE Ql }-- 9. Ju He Wan
10. Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang
11. Ding Chuan Tang
DIRECT Ql DOWNWARD 12. Si Mo Tang
13. Xuan Fu Dai Zhe Shi Tang
14. Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang
15. Ding Xiang Shi Di Tang

NCCAOM Formulas I Category Maps

608 FORMULAS

1 Tao He Cheng Qi Tang

2. Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
3. Shi Xiao San
MOVE BLOOD+ DISPEL BLOOD STASIS
4. Dan Shen Yin
5. Da Huang Zhe Chong Wan
6. Bu Yang Huan Wu Tang

7. Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan

-{ (10) INVIGORATE BLOOD } WARM MENSES+ DISPEL BLOOD STASIS I 8. Sheng Hua Tang
I 9. Wen Jing Tang
10. Fu Yuan Huo Xue Tang

MOVE BLOOD FOR TRAUMA

11. Qi Li San
12. Die Da Wan
13. Huo Luo Xiao Ling Dan

1. Shi Hui San

2. Si Sheng Wan

CLEAR HEAT+ STOP BLEEDING 3. Ke Xue Fang

4. Huai Hua San
5. Xiao Ji Yin Zi
-{ (11) STOP BLEEDING _}- 6. Qing Re Zhi Beng Tang

7. Bai Ye Tang
TONIFY + STOP BLEEDING J 8. Huang Tu Tang
I 9. Jiao Ai Tang
1. Yu Ping Feng San

[ FORMULA MAP 4 STABILIZE EXTERIOR & LU 2. Mu Li San

3. Dang Gui Liu Huang Tang
4. Jiu Xian San

5. Zhen Ren Yang Zang Tang

[ (12) STABILIZE AND BIND }
STABILIZE INTESTINE J 6. Tao Hua Tang
I 7. Si Shen Wan
8. Jin Suo Gu Jing Wan
9. Sang Piao Xiao San
STABILIZE KD 10. Suo Quan Wan
11. Gui Zhi Jia Long Gu Mu Li Tang
12. Shou TaiWan

13. Gu Chong Tang

14. Gu Jing Wan
STABILIZE WOMB 15. Zhen Ling Dan
16. Wan Dai Tang
17. Yi Huang Tang

1. Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan

2. Suan Zao Ren Tang
NOURISH HT + CALM SPIRIT 3. Ding Zhi Wan
4. Huang Lian E Jiao Tang
5. Gan Mai Da Zao Tang
J (13) CALM SPIRIT }--
6. Zhu Sha An Shen Wan

SEDATE+ CALM SPIRIT 7. Ci Zhu Wan

8. Sheng Tie Luo Yin
9. Chai Hu Jia Long Gu Mu Li Tang

NCCAOM Formulas I Category Maps

 FORMULAS 609

1. Xiao Feng San

2. Xiao Xu Ming Tang
RELEASE WIND FROM SKIN AND CHANNELS 3. Xiao Huo Luo Dan
4. Qian Zheng San
5. Yu Zhen San
6. Zhi Jing San

l (14) EXPEL WIND }- 7. Zhen Gan Xi Feng Tang

8. Ling Yang Gou Teng Tang
9. Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
EXTINGUISH INTERNAL WIND
10. San Jia Fu Mai Tang
11. E Jiao Ji Zi Huang Tang
12. Da Ding Feng Zhu
13. Di Huang Yin Zi

1. An Gong Niu Huang Wan

CLEAR HEAT+ OPEN ORIFICES 2. Zhi Bao Dan

3. Zi Xue Dan
4. Hui Chun Dan

[ (15) OPEN ORIFICES l WARM + OPEN ORIFICES 5. Su He Xiang Wan

6. Di Tan Tang
SCOUR PHLEGM + OPEN ORIFICES I 7. Gun Tan Wan
l8. Tong Guan San

DRY DAMP + EXPEL PHLEGM 1. Er Chen Tang

I 2. Xiang Fu Xuan Hua Wan
l FORMULA MAP 5
J
CLEAR HEAT+ TRANSFORM PHLEGM
3. Wen Dan Tang
4. Qing Qi Hua Tan Wan
5. Xiao Xian Xiong Tang

MOISTEN DRYNESS +TRANSFORM PHLEGM 6. Bei Mu Gua Lou San

TRANSFORM PHLEGM+ DISSIPATE NODULES 7. Xiao Luo Wan

[ (16) TREAT PHLEGM }-- I 8. Hai Zao Yu Hu Tang
9. Ling Gui Zhu Gan Tang
10. Ling Gan Wu Wei Jiang Xin Tang
11. San Zi Yang Qin Tang
WARM + TRANSFORM COLD-PHLEGM 12. Zhi Sou San
13. Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang
14. Ding Xian Wan
15. Gua Di San

1. Bao He Wan
2. Mu Xiang Bing Lang Wan
REDUCE FOOD STAGNATION 3. Jian Pi Wan
l (17) DIGESTIVE 4. Zhi Zhu Wan
5. Zhi Shi Xiao Pi Wan

1. Wu Mei Wan

EXPEL PARASITES 2. Hua Chong Wan

[ (18) EXPEL PARASITES 3. Fei ErWan

4. BuDai Wan

NCCAOM Formulas I Category Maps

610 FORMULAS

CHAPTER 1. RELEASE EXTERIOR

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

1. CONG CHI TANG •• Cong Bai Early-stage exterior • Mild fever and slight chills without sweating, headache, stuffy
nose, a thin, white tongue coating, f loating pulse
Dan Dou Chi disorders
• Maybe used for either W-C or W-H

• Ma Huang • Fever and chills (chills predominant). Absence of sweating,

headache, generalized body aches, wheezing, floating and tight
2. MA HUANG TANG • Gui Zhi Exterior Cold excess
pulse, normal tongue
• Xing Ren (Cold attack)
• Also for cold causing sneezing or nosebleeds, and for painful
• Zh i Gan Cao obstruction due to W-C-D

• Gui Zhi • Fever and chills (chills predominant), sweating that does not
improve the condition, headache, aversion to wind, stiff neck,
• Bai Shao
Exterior Cold from nasal congestion, dry heaves, no particular thirst, normal
3. GUI ZHI TANG • Sheng Jiang
deficiency (Wind attack) tongue, floating, moderate or frail pulse
• Da Zao
• Also for a similar presentation in patients recovering from
• Zhi Gan Cao
serious illness or after childbirth.

• Ma Huang
• Fever and chills (chills predominant). absence of sweating,
• Gui Zhi
cough, wheezing, sputum that is copious, white, stringy, and
• Gan Jiang
difficult to expectorate, a stifling sensation in the chest,
4. XIAO QING LONG • Xi Xin Exterior Wind-Cold
generalized heaviness and body aches, moist tongue coating,
TANG
• Wu Wei Zi with congested fluids
floating, tight pu lse
• Bai Shao
• In severe cases there may be floating edema or considerable
• Ban Xia
difficulty breathing when lying down.
• Zhi Gan Cao

• Qiang Huo
• Fang Feng
• Cang Zhu
• Fever and chi lls (chills predominant). absence of sweating,
• Xi Xin Exterior
headache, stiff neck, generalized aches and pains, slight thirst,
5. JIU WEI QIANG
HUO TANG • Chuan Xiong Wind-Cold-Damp w ith
bitter taste in the mouth, normal tongue, floating pu lse
• Bai Zhi internal Heat
• Also for toothache with exterior symptoms .
• Huang Qin
• Sheng Di Huang
• Gan Cao

• Zi Su Ye • Fever and chills (chil ls predominant). absence of sweating,

6. XIANG SU SAN • Xiang Fu Exterior Wind-Cold with headache, foca l distention and a stifling sensation in the chest
• Chen Pi interior Qi stagnation and epigastrium, poor appetite, normal tongue, floating pulse
• Zhi Gan Cao • Also for wind-cold disorders during pregnancy.

• Fever and chills (chills predominant). aversion to cold with

skin that is warm to the touch, absence of sweating,
• Xiang Ru
Exterior Cold with
sensation of heaviness in the head, headache, abdominal pain,
7. XIANG RU SAN • Bai Bian Dou
interior Damp
vomiting, diarrhea, stifling sensation in the chest, a wh ite,
• Hou Po greasy tongue coating, floating pulse
• Originally for summertime problems. Especially useful in cases
with vomiting and diarrhea.

• Sang Ye
• Ju Hua
• Lian Qiao
• Fever, sweating, cough, slight fever and thirst, a thin, white

8. SANG JU YIN • Bo He Early stage of a warm- tongue coating, f loating and rapid pu lse
• Jie Geng febrile disease
• Focuses on the Lungs but is also used for eye disorders due
• Xing Ren to wind-heat .

•• Lu Gen
Gan Cao

• Jin Yin Hua

• Lian Qiao
• Jie Geng
•
• Niu Bang Zi Fever, headache, sweating, thirst, cough, sore throat, a

9. YIN QIAO SAN • Bo He Protective level warm- red-tipped tongue, a thin, white or thin, yellow tongue
• Da n Dou Chi febrile disease coating, floating and rapid pulse
• l ing Jie • Relatively strong for releasing the exterior and clearing heat .
• Da n Zhu Ye
• Xian Lu Gen
• Gan Cao

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 611

• Chai Hu
• Ge Gen
• Qiang Huo
e Bai Zhi • Increasing fever and decreasing chills accompanied by
Exterior Wind-Cold
• Huang Qin headache, sweating, orbit al and eye pain, dry nasal passages,
10. CHAI GE JIE Jl (Tai Yang) transforming
TANG • Shi Gao irritabilit y, insomnia, a t hin, yellow tongue coating, slightly
into interior heat (Yang
• Jie Geng flooding and rapid pulse
Ming)
• Bai Shao • Also for toothache due to wind-heat.
• Gan Cao
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao
• Early-stage measles or rashes that do not surface evenly,
• Sheng Ma
Ext ernally-contracted fever, sweating, headache, generalized body aches, sneezing,
11. SHENG MA GE • Ge Gen
GEN TANG Heat collecting in LU coughing, red eyes, tearing, thirst, a red, dry tongue, floating
• Gan Cao
and ST and rapid pulse
• Chi Shao
• Also for all early-stage warm-febrile diseases.
Externa lly-contracted • Generalized soreness, a sore, swollen throat with or without
12. QIANG LAN • Qiang Huo
TANG Heat affecting the swollen glands, fever, sweating, floating and rapid pulse
• Ban Lan Gen
head and neck • Modern formula.
• Bo He
• Chuan Xiong
• Headache in any part of the head, fever and chills, dizziness,
e Bai Zhi
nasal congestion, a thin, white tongue coating, f loating pulse
13. CHUAN XIONG • Qiang Huo Headache from external
• Depending on modifications can be used for either wind-cold
CHA TIAO SAN e Xi Xin Wind
or wind-heat disorders.
• Jing Jie
• Also for wind in the head.
• Fang Feng
• Gan Cao
• Ca ng Er Zi • Copious, purulent, and foul-smelling nasal discharge, nasal
• Xin Vi Hua Wind-Heat attacking obstruction, dizziness, frontal headache, normal or yellow
14. CANG ER Zl SAN e Bai Zhi the head tongue coating, a floating, rapid pulse
• Bo He • This is known as profuse nasal discharge (bi yuan).
• Ge Gen
• Ma Huang • Fever and chills without sweating, stiff and rigid neck and
e Gui Zhi Ext ernal ly-contracted upper back, a thin, white tongue coating, f loating and tight
1S. GE GEN TANG • Bai Shao Wind-Cold at Tai Yang pu lse
• Sheng Jiang stage • Also for the same pattern causing diarrhea or scanty
• Da Zao urination.
• Gan Cao
• Qiang Huo
• Du Huo
• Chuan Xiong
• Chai Hu • High fever and severe chills with shivering, absence of
• Bo He sweating, pain and stiffness of the head and neck, focal
Exterior
16. REN SHEN BAI • Jie Geng distention and fullness of the chest, nasal congestion,
Wind-Cold-Damp with
DU SAN e Zhi Ke
Interior Qi deficiency
productive cough, a greasy, white tongue coating, soggy pulse
• Qian Hu • Also for early-stage dysenteric disorders from
• Sheng Jiang wind-cold-dampness, and for measles.
• Ren Shen
• Fu Ling
• Gan Cao
• Extreme cold and chills, slight fever, absence of sweating,
• M a Huang Exterior excess Cold
17. MA HUANG XI e Fu Zi exhaustion, a submerged, faint pulse
with preexisting Yang
XIN FU Zl TANG • Also for Kidney coughing and headache due to cold from
e Xi Xin deficiency
deficiency.
• Huang Qi
• Ren Shen
e Fu Zi
e Gui Zhi
e Xi Xin • Slight fever with strong chills, absence of sweating, headache,
Exterior Wind-Cold with
• Qiang Huo cold extremities, fatigue, pallid complexion, pale tongue with
18. ZAI ZAO SAN preexisting Qi and Yang
• Chuan Xiong wh ite coating, a submerged, forceless or f loating, big, and
deficiency
• Fang Feng forceless pulse
• Chao Chi Shao
• Gan Cao
• Wei Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao

NCCAOM Formulas /Indications

612 FORMULAS

• Cong Bai
• Ge Gen
Exterior Wind-Cold with • Fever, slight chills, and absence of sweating after a prolonged
19. CONG BAI Ql • Dan Dou Chi
preexisting Blood/Yin illness or loss of blood
WEI YIN
• Sheng Jiang
deficiency • This condition requires great delicacy in treatment .
• Mai Men Dong
• Sheng Di Huang

• Yu Zhu
• Cong Bai
• Jie Geng
Exterior Wind-Heat with • Headache, fever, slight chills with little or no sweating, thirst,
20. JIA JIAN WEI • Dan Dou Chi
preexisting Blood/Yin irritability, dark-red tongue, a rapid pulse
RUI TANG
• Bo He
deficiency • Usually follows a long-term illness or significant blood loss.
• Bai Wei
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Da Zao

• Fang Feng
• Ma Huang
• Jiu Da Huang
• Mang Xiao
• Jing Jie
• Bo He
•
• Zhi Zi Strong simultaneous chills and fever, thick and sticky nasal

• Hua Shi
Heat excess in both
discharge and saliva, red and sore eyes, bitter taste in the
21. FANG FENG
TONG SHENG • Shi Gao
the exterior and
mouth, stifling sensation in the chest, constipation and dark,

SAN • Lian Qiao

interior
rough urination, a yellow, greasy tongue coating, and a

• Huang Qin flooding, rapid or wiry, slippery pulse

• Jie Geng • Also for carbuncles, Intestinal wi nd, heat rashes, and obesity.
• Chuan Xiong
• Dang Gui
• Bai Shao
• Bai Zhu
• Gan Cao
• Sheng Jiang

• Ge Gen
Incompletely resolved • Fever, sweating, thirst, dysenteric diarrhea with especially
22. GE GEN HUANG
LIAN HUANG • Huang Lian
exterior with interior
foul-smelling stools, burning sensation around the anus, red
QIN TANG • Huang Qin
excess Heat
tongue with yellow coating, rapid pulse
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Focuses on the interior aspect of the disorder.

• Shi Gao
• Ma Huang
• Strong fever, chills with no sweating, thirst, irritability and
• Dan Dou Chi Exterior Cold excess
insomnia, rapid pulse that is also slippery or f looding
23. SHI GAO TANG
• Huang Lian with interior blazing
• May also have coughing of blood, skin blotches, or
• Huang Qin Heat
nosebleeds.
• Huang Bai
• Zhi Zi

• Ma Huang
• Bai Zhi
• Gan Jiang
• Rou Gui
• Ca ng Zhu
• Fever and chills without sw eating, stiff neck and back with
• Hou Po
generalized body aches, sensation of fullness in the chest and
• Chen Pi Cold excess in both
abdomen, cold and painful abdomen, diarrhea with
24. WU Jl SAN • Ban Xia the exterior and
borborygmus
• Fu Ling interior
• M ay be due to food accumulation with exterior w ind-cold .
• Jie Geng
• Also for irregular menstruation due to cold .
• Zhi Ke
• Dang Gui
• Bai Shao
• Chuan Xiong
• Zhi Gan Cao

CHAPTER 2. CLEAR HEAT

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Shi Gao • High fever with profuse sweating, a red face, severe thirst

1. BAI HU TANG • Zhi Mu Blazing Heat in Yang and irritability, a flooding, forceful or slippery, rapid pulse
• Zhi Gan Cao Ming channel st age • Also for headache, toothache, or bleeding of the gums and
• Geng Mi nose from the sa me etiology.

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 613

• Dan Zhu Ye
• Shi Gao

2. ZHU YE SHI GAO • Ren Shen • Vomiting, parched mouth, lips, and throat, choking cough,
TANG • Mai Men Dong
Qi-level Heat lingering
stifling sensation in the chest, deficient pulse
• Ban Xia
in LU and ST
• Also for summer heat with a similar presentation.
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Geng Mi

• Insomnia with tossing and turning in bed, stifling sensation in

Qi-level Heat lingering
3. ZHI Zl DOU CHI e Zhi Zi in the superficial the chest with a soft epigastrium, slightly yellow tongue
TANG • Dan Dou Chi aspects of Yang Ming coating, slightly rapid or strong, floating pulse at the distal
position
stage
• This is a form of heat from constraint.
• Xi Jiao
• Xuan Shen
• Sheng Di Huang
• High fever that worsens at night, severe irritability,
• Mai Men Dong
Heat entering the restlessness, dry, scarlet tongue, thin and rapid pulse
4. QING YING TANG e Jin Yin Hua
nutritive level • Depending on the level of penetration the patient may be
• Lian Qiao
thirsty, delirious, or have some faint and indistinct erythema.
• Huang Lian
• Dan Zhu Ye
• Dan Shen

• Fever that worsens at night, irritability, various types of

bleeding (including vomiting of blood, nosebleeds, blood in
• Xi Jiao
the stool or urine, and rashes), black and tarry stools,
5. XI JIAO 01 • Shen Di Huang Heat entering the
HUANG TANG abdominal distention and fullness, thirst with an inability to
• Chi Shao blood level
swa llow, dry, scarlet tongue, prickles on the tongue, thin and
• Mu Dan Pi
rapid pulse
• Some patients become delirious.

• High fever, irritability, dry mouth and throat, dark urine,

• Huang Lian
constipation, insomnia, red tongue with yellow coating,
6. HUANG LIAN JIE • Huang Qin Toxic-Heat obstructing
forceful and rapid pulse
DU TANG e Huang Bai all three burners
• Also for dysenteric disorders or jaundice due to damp-heat.
e Zhi Zi
• Focuses on draining heat.

• Fever, flushed face, red eyes, irritability, dark urine,

• Da Huang constipation, red tongue with greasy, yellow coating, forceful
Damp-Heat with
7. XIE XIN TANG e Huang Qin and rapid pulse
interior clumping
• Huang Lian • Also for epigastric focal distention, jaundice, diarrhea, and
dysenteric disorders. Focuses on purging.

• Chao Huang Qin

• Chao Huang Lian
• Niu Bang Zi
• Lian Qiao
• Bo He
• Strong fever and chills, redness, swelling, and burning pain of
• Jiang Can
Epidemic toxin with the head and face, thirst, red tongue, powdery-white or
8. PU Jl XIAO DU • Xuan Shen
Wind-Heat and Damp- yellow tongue coating, a floating, forceful and rapid pulse
YIN • Ma Bo
Phlegm • This is called massive febrile disorder of the head (da to
• Ban Lan Gen
wen).
• Jie Geng
• Gan Cao
• Chen Pi
• Chai Hu
• Sheng Ma

• Shi Gao
e Zhi Mu
• Gan Cao
• Dan Zhu Ye
• Xi Jiao
• Sheng Di Huang • Intense fever, strong thirst, dry heaves, severe and stabbing
9. QING WEN BAI • Mu Dan Pi Severe Fire in the Qi headache, extreme irritability, rash, nosebleed, dark-red
DU YIN • Chi Shao and Blood levels tongue, dark and scorched lips, either a submerged, thin or
• Xuan Shen floating, rapid, large pulse
• Huang Lian
• Huang Qin
e Zhi Zi
• Lian Qiao
• Jie Geng

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

614 FORMULAS

• lin Yin Hua

• Chen Pi
• Dang Gui
•
• Chi Shao Early-stage sores and carbuncles with red, swollen, hot, and

• Ru Xiang painful skin lesions, usually accompanied by mild chills,

• Mo Yao
Toxic-Heat or Phlegm-
headache, red tongue, thin tongue coating (either white or
10. XIAN FANG HUO
MING YIN • Fang Feng
Fire
•
slightly yellow), forceful and rapid pulse

• Bai Zhi Also for internal abscesses and dysenteric disorders due to

• Zhe Be Mu
•
blood stasis and heat toxin.

• Tian Hua Fen Focuses on invigorating the blood .

• Chuan Shan lia

• Zao Jiao Ci
• Gan Co

• lin Yin Hua

• Localized erythema, swelling, heat, and pain accompanied by
• Pu Gong Ying Toxic-Heat from
chills, red tongue with a yellow coating, rapid pulse
11. WU WEI XIAO
DU YIN • Zi Hua Di Ding externally-contracted
• Especially for deep-rooted and hard lesions. Focuses on
• Ye lu Hua Heat
relieving toxicity.
• Zi Bei Tian Kuei

• Jin Yin Hua Toxic-Heat leading to • Ulcerated sores that won't heal on a limb that is dark red,
12. Sl MIAO YONG • Xuan Shen Blood stasis in the slightly swolle n, warm to the touch, and extremely painful,
AN TANG
• Dang Gui sinews and blood red tongue, rapid pulse
• Gan Cao vessels
• This is called sloughing ulcer (tuo ju).

• Niu Huang
• Zhen Zhu
• Unilateral or bilateral pustular tonsillitis with severe sore
13. LIU SHEN WAN • Chan Su Severe Toxic-Heat and
throat and difficulty in swallowing, red tongue, rapid pulse
• Xiong Huang Phlegm in the throat
• Also for carbuncles, acute localized infection, and lymphangitis .
• Bing Pian
• She Xiang

• lin Yin Hua

• Lian Qiao • Severe sore throat with great difficulty in swallowing, fever,
14. YIN QIAO MA • Niu Bang Zi Damp-Heat collecting coughing and wheezing, red tongue with thick white or yellow
BO SAN
• She Gan in LU tongue coating, slippery, rapid and possibly floating pulse
• Ma Bo
• This is called painful obstruction of the throat (hou bi) .
• Lu Gen

• Ma Huang
• Fever with or without sweating, thirst, wheezing, difficult-
15. MA XING SHI • Shi Gao
Heat lodged in LU
to-expectorate sputum, labored breathing, nasal flaring and
GAN TANG
• Xing Ren pain, red tongue with a yellow coating, rapid pulse
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Especially useful in chi ldren .

• Skin that feels hot to the touch, coughing and wheezing

and/or sore t hroat, a dry mouth, little or
• Chao Sang Bai Pi
Smoldering Fire due difficult-to-expectorate sputum (al l symptoms worsen in the
16. XIE BAI SAN • Di Gu Pi
to constrained Heat
•• Zhi Gan Cao
Geng Mi
in LU
late afternoon), red tongue with a yellow coating, thin, rapid
pulse
• Especially useful in children .
• Also for invert ed menses .

• Lu Gen
Lung abscess from • Cough with fou l-smelling sputum (which may be streaked with

17. WEI JING TANG • Yi Yi Ren

Toxic-Heat obstructing
blood), slight fever, mild chest pain, dry, scaly skin, red
• Dong Gua Ren
LU
tongue with greasy coating, slippery, rapid pulse
• Tao Ren
• Also for eye disorders due to upward-blazing of heat toxin.

• Shi Gao
• Zhi Zi
• Mouth ulcers, bad breath, dry mouth, thirst, frequent hunger,
18. XIE HUANG SAN • Fang Feng Smoldering Fire in SP red tongue, rapid pulse
• Huo Xiang Ye
• Also for tongue thrusting and yellowing of the sclera .
• Gan Cao

• Huang Lian
• Toothache (especially when the pain extends into the head),
• Sheng M a
facial swelling, bleeding and sores of the gums, swollen and
19. QING WEI SAN • Mu Dan Pi Heat accumulation in ST
painful mouth, fever, bad breath, a red tongue, a slippery,
• Sheng Di Huang
rapid, and large pulse
• Dan Gui

• Shi Gao
• Toothache, loose teeth, bleeding gums, frontal headache,
• Shu Di Huang
ST Heat with Yin irritability, fever, thirst, red tongue, yellow tongue coating,
20. YU NU JIAN • Zhi Mu
deficiency floating, slippery, deficient, and large pulse
• Mai M en Dong
• Also for wasting and thirsting disorder.
• Niu Xi

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 615

• Sheng Di Huang • Irritability with a sensation of heat in the chest, thirst with a
• M u Tong desire to drink cold beverages, red face, possibly sores
21. DAO CHI SAN Heat in HT and Sl around the mouth, red tongue, rapid pulse
• Dan Zhu Ye
• Gan Cao Shao • Also for dark, scant y, rough, and pa inful uri nat ion, or even
blood in the urine .

• Long Dan Cao

• Huang Qin
• Zhi Zi • Headache, dizziness, red and sore eyes, short temper, dark
• Chai Hu ur ine, hypochondriac pain, bitter taste in the mouth, red
22. LONG DAN XIE • Mu Tong Heat excess LV and GB tongue with a yellow coating, a wiry, rapid pulse
GAN TANG
• Chi Qian Zi channels • Also for ear pain, difficult and painfu l urination with a
• Ze Xie sensation of heat in the urethra, swollen and pruritic external
• Sheng Di Huang genitalia, or foul -smelling leukorrhea .
• Dang Gui
• Gan Cao

• Indeterminate gnawing hunger, epigastric focal distention,

• Huang Lian LV and ST disharmony vomiting, acid regurgitation, belch ing, dry mouth, red tongue
23. ZUO JIN WAN
• Wu Zhu Yu from Heat in LV with a yellow coating, a wiry, rapid pu lse
• Also for hern ial disorders.

• Bai Tou Weng • Abdominal pain, tenesmus, burning sensation around the anus,
Dysenteric disorder
24. BAI TOU WENG • Huang Lian diarrhea containing more blood than pus, thirst, red tongue
TANG from searing ST and
• Huang Bai with a yellow coating, a wiry, rapid pulse
Intestines
• Qin Pi • Also for acute eye disorders from damp-heat.

• Bie Jia
• Night fever and morning coolness with an absence of
• Qing Hao Heat smoldering
2S. QING HAO BIE sweating as the fever recedes, emaciation, red tongue with
• Sheng Di Huang in the Yin regions
JIA TANG little coating, a thin, rapid pulse
e Zhi Mu of the body
• Also for tidal fever with Liver yin deficiency.
• Mu Dan Pi

• Yin Chai Hu
e Zhi Mu • Afternoon tidal fever or unremitting, chronic low-grade fever,
• Hu Huang Lian LV and KD Yin sensation of heat in the bones but the flesh is not warm to
e Di Gu Pi deficiency leading the touch, irritability, insomnia, iethargy, red lips, dark-red
26. QING GU SAN
• Qing Hao to steaming bone cheeks, night sweats, thirst, dry throat, emaciation, red
• Qin Jiao disorder tongue with little coating, a thin, rapid pu lse
• Zhi Bie Jia • Focuses on clearing heat rather than tonifying the yin.
• Gan Cao

• Xian Jin Yin Hua

• Xian Bian Dou
• Fever, sweating, thirst, unclear head and vision with
Hua Mild Summer-Heat
light-headed-ness and slight distention of t he head, pink
27. QING LUO YIN • Xi Gua Shuang injuring the Qi level
tongue with a th in, white coating
e Si Gua Pi of LU channel
• Taken as a tea t o prevent injury from summer-heat.
• Xian He Ye
• Xian Dan Zhu Ye

• Fever, sweating, t hirst, irritability, urinary difficulty, a thin,

• Hua Shi Summer-Heat with
28. LIU VI SAN yellow, and greasy tongue coating, a soggy, rapid pulse
• Gan Cao interior Damp
• Also for painfu l urinary dysfunction.

• Hua Shi
• Gan Cao
• Shi Gao
• Huan Shui Shi Summer-Heat with • Fever, sweating, t hirst, headache, irritability, or urinary
29. GUI LING GAN
• Guan Gui internal stagnation difficulty with reduced urine
LU YIN
• Zhu Ling of Water and Damp • Also for sudden turmoil disorder.
• Fu Ling
• Ze Xie
• Bai Zhu

• Xi Yang Shen
e Xi Gua Pi
e Shi Hu
• M ai Men Dong • Fever, profuse sw eating, irritability, thirst, scanty and dark
30. QING SHU VI Ql e Lian Geng Summer-Heat inj uring urine, desire to curl up, shortness of breath, a deficient, rapid
TANG e Dan Zhu Ye the Qi and fluids pu lse
e Zhi Mu • Focuses on replenishing the fluid s.
• Huang Lian
• Gan Cao
• Geng Mi

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

616 FORMULAS

CHAPTER 3. DRAIN DOWNWARD

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Severe constipation and flatulence, focal distention and

abdominal fullness, abdominal pain which increases upon
pressure, a tense and firm abdomen. In severe cases, there
• Da Huang may be tidal fevers, delirious speech, and profuse sweating
1. DA CHENG Ql • Mang Xiao Severe pattern of Yang from the palms and soles, dry yellow or dry, black tongue
coating with prickles, submerged, excessive pulse (Shi I lao I
TANG
• Zhi Shi Ming organ syndrome
Pi I Man)
• Hou Po
• Also for a variety of problems due to heat excess
accumulating in the Stomach and Intestines, where it forms
clumps.

• tidal fever, delirium, constipation, focal distention, abdominal

• Da Huang
Mild pattern of Yang
fullness, abdominal pain that does not increase upon pressure
(Shi I Pi I Man)
2. XIAO CHENG Ql
TANG • Hou Po
Ming organ syndrome • Also for early-stage of dysentery disorders with abdominal
• Zhi Shi distention and tenesm us, old-looking(dirty and dry) tongue,
yellow coating, slippery, rapid pulse

• Da Huang ST and Intestine dry • mild constipation without focal distention and abdomina l
fullness, but with irritability, fever, delirium, yellow coating,
3. TIAO WEI CHENG
Ql TANG • Mang Xiao heat pattern of Yang
•
slippery, rapid pulse (Shi I Zao)
• Gan Cao Ming organ syndrome Also for nosebleed, swollen gums and throat, and petechiae
(subcutaneous bleeding)

• Da Huang
Early-stage Intestinal • Lower abdominal distention and pain that increases upon
• Mang Xiao
abscess from interior
pressure with rebound tenderness, fever, constipation, a thin,
4. DA HUANG MU
DAN TANG • Mu Dan Pi
clumping of Heat and
yellow, and greasy tongue coating, a slippery, rapid pulse
• Tao Ren
Blood (lower burner) • Also for other conditions due to heat and blood stasis in the
• Dong Gua Ren lower burner.

• Da Huang
• Mang Xiao
• Gan Cao
Heat and clumping • Irritability, sensation of heat in t he chest, constipation, fever,
• Dan Xhu Ye
in the diaphragmatic
red face, sore throat, nosebleeds, oral ulcerations, yellow or
5. LIANG GE SAN
• Huang Qin
region (UJ & MJ)
white tongue coating, a rapid, slippery pulse
• Zhi Zi
• Relatively weak purgative. Also for skin disorders.
• Liang Qiao
• Bo He

• Hardness, fullness, and pain from the epigastrium to the

6. DA XIAN XIONG •• Gan Sui

Da Huang
Clumping of Heat
and fluids in the chest
lower abdomen that becomes unbearable with even the
slightest pressure, constipation, fever, very dry tongue coating,
TANG
• Mang Xiao and epigastrium a submerged, tight, and forceful pulse
• Very strong purgative that focuses on fluids .

• Da Huang
• Mang Xiao
• Zhi Shi
• Hou Po
Heat excess in the
•
7. HUANG LONG • Ren Shen
interior with Blood
Green, watery, and foul-smelling diarrhea, abdominal pain that
TANG
• Dang Gui
and Yin deficiency
increases upon pressure, fever, a dry, yellow, or black tongue
coating, deficient pulse
• Jie Geng
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao
• Gan Cao

• Huo Ma Ren
• Xing Ren
• Hard stool that is difficult to expel, frequent urination, a dry,
• Bai Shao
yellow tongue coating, a submerged, rapid or floating, choppy
8. MA Zl REN WAN
• Zhi Shi ST heat binding SP
pulse
• Hou Po
• Requires modification for very weak patients .
• Da Huang
• Feng Mi

• Huo Ma Ren
• Tao Ren
• Constipation, lusterless skin and nails, parched mouth with an
9. RUN CHANG
WAN • Dang Gui Desiccated Intestines unquenchable thirst, dry tongue, thin pulse
• Sheng Di Huang
• May require extended use .
• Zhi Ke

• Rou Cong Rong

• Dang Gui

10. Jl CHUAN JIAN • Niu Xi

KD Yang deficiency • Constipation, clear and copious urine, lower back pain and
• Ze Xie cold
• Zhi Ke
• Sheng Ma

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 617

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Fu Zi • Constipation, abdominal pain, hypochondriac pain, chills, cold

11. DA HUANG FU
Zl TANG • Da Huang
Cold accumulation hands and feet, white, greasy tongue coating, wiry, tight

• Xi Xin
in the interior
•
pulse
May also be low-grade fever.

• Ba Dou • Constipation, sudden, severe abdominal pain and distention,

12. SAN WU BEl Jl
WAN • Gan Jiang
Sudden, severe Cold cyanotic complexion, bluish-purple tongue, white tongue

• Da Huang
accumulation
•
coating, a submerged, tight pulse
Only used in emergencies.

• Gan Sui
• Cough with pain in the chest and hypochondria, hard focal
13. SHI ZAO TANG • Jing Da Ji
Suspended, congested
distention in the epigastrium, constipation, white tongue
• Yuan Hua
flu ids clogging the
coating, wiry, submerged pulse
• Da Zao
interior
• Pain may extend to the back .

• Gan Sui
• Yuan Hua
• Qing Da Ji
• Qian Niu Zi
•
14. ZHOU CHE WAN • Da Huang Water and Heat
Ascites and distention, constipation, scanty urination, a Rapid,

• Qing Pi accumulation
•
forceful, submerged pulse
Only used in emergencies .
• Chen Pi
• Bing Leng
• Mu Xiang
• Qing Fen

CHAPTER 4. HARMONIZE

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Chai Hu
• Huang Qin
• Intermittent chills and fever, dizziness, stifling or full sensat ion
• Ban Xia in the chest and hypochondria, sour taste or bitter taste in
1. XIAO CHAI HU
TANG • Sheng Jiang Shao Yang disorder the mouth, nausea and vomiting, wiry pulse
•• Ren Shen
Zhi Gan Cao
• Wide-ranging application including heat in the chamber of the
blood.
• Da Zao

• Chai Hu
• Huang Qin
• Intermittent chills and fever, continuous vomiting, fullness and
• Zhi Shi
Concurrent Shao Yang pain in the epigastrium, burning diarrhea or no bowel
2. DA CHAI HU • Da Huang
and Yang Ming movements, bitter taste in the mouth, nausea and vomiting,
TANG
• Bai Shao
disorders slight irritability, yellow tongue coating, wiry, forceful pulse
• Ban Xia
• Also known as heat excess in the Stomach and Gallbladder.
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao

• Qing Hao
• Huang Qin
• Mild chills alternating with pronounced fever, spitting bitter or
• Zhu Ru
sour fluids, thirst, distention and pain in the chest and
• Zhi Ke
Damp-Heat and turbid hypochondria, bitter taste in the mouth, nausea and vomiting,
3. HAO QIN QING • Chen Pi
Phlegm in Shao Yang red tongue with thick, greasy coating that may be yellow
DAN TANG
• Ban Xia
channels and/or white, pulse that is soggy, wiry, or slippery on the
• Chi Fu Ling
right, and wiry on the left
• Hua Shi
• A form of Gallbladder and Stomach disharmony .
• Gan Cao
• Qing Dai

• Cao Guo
• Alternating fever and chills occurri ng 1-3 times a day at
• Hou Po
irregular intervals, headache, irritability, stifling or full
• Bing Lang
Epidemic malarial sensation in the chest and hypochondria, bitter taste in the
4. DA YUAN YIN • Huang Qin
Disorder (Damp-Heat) mouth, nausea an vomiting, a tongue with deep-red edges
• Zhi Mu
and a thick, foul, and pasty coating, a wiry, rapid pulse
• Bai Shao
• Also known as severe half-interior, half-exterior damp-heat .
• Gan Cao

• Chai Hu • Cold fingers and toes (although the body is warm), irritability
and fullness in the chest and epigastrium, hypochondriac or
S. 51 Nl SAN • Zhi Shi Rebellious LV Qi
abdominal pain, red tongue with a yellow coating, wiry pulse;
• Bai Shao disturbing ST
may also be abdominal pain and/or severe diarrhea
• Zhi Gan Cao
• This is known as yang-type collapse .

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

618 FORMULAS

• Chai Hu
• Dang Gui
•
• Bai Shao Headache, vertigo, bitter taste in the mouth, dry mouth and

• Bai Zhu LV constraint with throat, fatigue, reduced appetite, hypochondriac or abdominal
6. XIAO YAO SAN
• Fu Ling Blood deficiency
•
pain, pale-red tongue, wiry, deficient pulse

• Zhi Gan Cao Especially useful in women .

• Wei Jiang
• Bo He

• Chao Bai Zhu

• Recurrent problems of borborygmus, abdominal pain, diarrhea
7. TONG XIE YAO • Chao Bai Shao SP deficiency with
with pain, a thin, white tongue coating, moderate or th in
FANG
• Chao Chen Pi an overcontrolling LV
pulse
• Fang Feng

• Ban Xia
• Gan Jiang • Epigastric focal distention, fullness, and tightness, dry heaves

• Huang Qin
Heat and Cold complex
or frank vomiting, borborygmus with diarrhea, reduced
8. BAN XIA XIE XIN
TANG • Huang Lian
in the middle burner
appetite, a thin, yellow, and greasy tongue coating, w iry,

• Ren Shen rapid pulse

• Da Zao • A form of internal clumping .

• Zhi Gan Cao

CHAPTER 5. TREAT DRYNESS

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Xing Ren
• Zi Su Ye
• Qian Hu
• Jie Geng
• Zhi Ke • Cough, dry throat, chills without sweating, watery sputum,
1. XING SU SAN
•• Chen Pi
Fu Ling
Cool-Dryness
•
stuffy nose, dry tongue, white tongue coating, wiry pulse
For relatively superficial conditions.
• Ban Xia
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao
• Gan Cao

• Sang Ye
• Xing Ren
• Zhi Zi
• Fever, hacking cough or one with scanty, sticky sputum, dry
2. SANG XING TANG • Dan Dou Chi Warm-Dryness throat, red tongue with white coating, a floating, rapid pulse
• Zhe Bei Mu
• May also have coughing of blood .
• Sha Shen
• Li Pi

• Sang Ye
• Shi Gao
• Mai Men Dong
•
3. QING ZAO JIU FEI • E Jiao
Fever, hacking cough, wheezing, dry throat, a sensation of
fullness in the chest, hypochondriac pain, irritability, a dry
TANG • Hei Zhi Ma Dryness attacking LU
tongue, a deficient, big, and rapid pulse
• Xing Ren
•
• Mi Zhi Pi Pa Ye
Also for acute-onset hemiplegia .

• Ren Shen
• Gan Cao

• Bai He
• Sheng Di Huang
• Shu Di Huang
• M ai M en Dong
• Cough with blood-strea ked sputum, wheezing, dry and sore
4. BAI HE GU JIN • Xuan Shen Internal dryness of LU throat, hot palms and soles, night sweats, dry, red tongue
TANG
• Chuan Bei Mu (upper burner) with little coating, thin, rapid pulse
• Jie Geng
• Focuses on nourishing the yin .
• Dan Gui
• Bai Shao
• Gan Cao

• E Jiao
• Ma Dou Ling
Lung Yin deficiency • Cough with wheezing, dry and parched throat, scanty or
5. BU FEI E JIAO • Xing Ren
with vigorous Heat
blood-streaked sputum, dry, red tongue with little coating,
TANG
• Niu Bang Zi
(upper burner)
rapid pulse, a floating, thin pulse
• Geng Mi • Focuses on clearing heat and stopping bleeding.
• Zhi Gan Cao

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 619

• Sheng Di Huang
• Xuan Shen
• Mai Men Dong
• White, curd-like membrane in the throat that is difficult to
6. YANG YIN QING • Chao Bai Shao Diptherial disorder scrape off, swollen and sore throat, fever, parched lips, dry,
FEI TANG
• Mu Dan Pi (upper burner) red tongue with little coating, usually a th in, rapid pulse
• Bei Mu
• Also for purulent tonsillitis.
• Bo He
• Gan Cao

• Mai Men Dong

• Ren Shen
• Coughing and spitting of saliva, wheezing, shortness of breath,
7. MAl MEN DONG • Geng Mi
Dry LU atrophy
(upper and middle
dry and uncomfortable sensation in the t hroat, dry, red
TANG
• Dan Zao
burners)
tongue with little coating, deficient, rapid pulse
• Gan Cao
• Also for belching or vomiting from deficient Stomach yin.
• Ban Xia

• Xuan Shen
• Constipation, thirst, dry and red tongue, thin and slightly
8. ZENG YE TANG
• Mai Men Dong
Dry Intestines
rapid pulse or one that is weak and without strength
• Sheng Di Huang
(lower burner)
• For relatively acute conditions .

• Shan Yao
• Zhi
Huang Qi
•
• TianMuHua Fen Wasting and thirsting
Excessive thirst, frequent and copious urination or turbid
urine, lassitude, shortness of breath, dry and red tongue, a
9. YU YE TANG
• Ji Nei Jin disorder (lower burner)
• Ge Gen •
deficient, thin, and weak pulse

• Wu Wei Zi For relatively advanced conditions .

CHAPTER 6. EXPEL DAMPNESS

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Ze Xie
• Urinary difficulty, fluid metabolism dysfunction, headache,
• Fu Ling fever, irritability, thirst with a strong desire to drink, intake of
1. WU LING SAN • Zhu Ling • Water buildup liquids results in vomiting, and a floating pulse
• Bai Zhu • Also for many disorders of water metabolism marked by
• Gui Zhi inability of qi to transform dampness.

• Zhu Ling
• Urinary difficulty, fluid metabolism dysfunction, fever and
• Fu Ling
• Clumping of Water thirst with a desire to drink
2. ZHU LING TANG • Ze Xie
and Heat • Also for diarrhea in infants from damp-heat and injury to the
• Hua Shi
yin.
• E Jiao

• Generalized edema with a sensation of heaviness throughout

• Sang Bai Pi the body, urinary difficulty, fluid metabolism dysfunction,
• Sheng Jiang Pi distention and fullness in the epigastrium and abdomen,
3. WU PI SAN
• Fu Ling Pi • Skin edema heavy, labored breathing, a white, greasy tongue coating, a
• Chen Pi submerged, moderate pulse
• Da Fu Pi • Dampness and qi stagnation are relatively strong and the
deficiency is mild.

• Huang Qi
• Sweating, aversion to drafts, heavy sensation in the body,
• Han Fang Ji
superficial edema, urinary difficulty, fluid metabolism
4. FANG Jl HUANG • Bai Zhu Wind-edema or
dysfunction, pale tongue with a white coating, floating pulse
Ql TANG
• Zhi Gan Cao Wind-Damp
• Also for edema in deficient-natured women, and some forms
• Sheng Jiang
of damp-predominant painful obstruction.
• Da Zao

• Cang Zhu • Epigastric and abdominal distention and fu llness, reduced

• Hou Po appetite, fatigue, belching, acid regurgitation, a swollen tongue

5. PING WEI SAN • Chen Pi Damp-Cold stagnating with a thick, white, greasy coating, and a moderate or
• Zhi Gan Cao in SP and ST slippery pulse.
• Sheng Jiang
• Recently prescribed for coronary artery disease with this
• Da Zao presentation.

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

620 FORMULAS

• Hou Xiang
• Hou Po
• Chen Pi
• Zi Su Ye
• Bai Zhi
• Sudden turmoil with fever, chills, headache, epigastric and
• Ban Xia Externally-contracted
abdominal pain and fullness, reduced appetite, fatigue,
6. HUO XIANG
ZHENG Qt SAN • Da Fu Pi Wind-Cold with internal
vomiting, and diarrhea
• Bai Zhu turbid Damp
• Also for miasmic malarial disorders .
• Fu Ling
• Jie Geng
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao

• Xing Ren
•
• Bai Dou Kou Headache, chills, afternoon fevers, heavy sensation in the

• Vi Vi Ren Damp-Heat in Wei and body, no thirst, body pain, pale-yellow face, stifling sensation

7. SAN HEN TANG • Hou Po Qi levels with Damp in the chest, loss of appetite, greasy, white tongue coating, a

• Ban Xia predominant (upper

•
wiry, thin, and soggy pulse
• Tong Cao burner) Patients often have constitutional spleen deficiency and
• Dan Zhu Ye dampness.

• Hua Shi

• Lian Qiao
• Huang Qin
• Bo He • Fever, achy limbs, heavy sensation in the body, lethargy,
• She Gan
Damp Warm-febrile
swollen throat, no thirst, stifling sensation in the chest,

8. GAN LU XIAO LU • Chuan Bei Mu

disease or seasonal
abdominal distention, dark and scanty urine, a white, greasy

DAN • Hua Shi

epidemic in Qi level
or yellow, dry tongue coating, a soggy, rapid pulse
•• Mu Tong
Yin Chen Hao
(upper burner) • May also present with simultaneous vomiting and diarrhea,
jaundice, and unremitting fever. Also for damp-heat stagnating
• Hou Xiang in the Triple Burner.
•• Shi Chang Pu
Bai Dou Kou

• Huang Lian
• Simultaneous vomiting and diarrhea, focal distention and a
•• Hou Po
Zhi Zi
stifling sensation in the chest and epigastrium, heavy
sensation in the body, fever, no thirst or thirst with a desire
Sudden turmoil disorder
9. L1AN PO YIN • Dan Dou Chi
(middle burner)
to only sip fluids, scanty, dark urine, greasy tongue coating,
• Shi Chang Pu slippery or soggy pulse
•• Ban Xia
Lu Gen
• Also for dampness in the middle burner generating heat with
dry heaves.

• Jaundice (the color of a fresh tangerine) throughout the body,

• Yin Chen Hao
Damp-Heat jaundice
slight distention of the abdomen, urinary difficulty, heavy
10. YIN CHEN HAO
TANG • Zhi Zi
(middle burner)
sensation in the body, fever, no thirst, greasy, yellow tongue
• Da Huang coating, slippery or soggy pulse
• Also for sweating from the head only .

• Hou Po
• Chao Zhi Shi
• Jiang Huang
• Chao Huang Qin
• Chao Huang Lian
• Gan Jiang
• Abdominal distention and firmness together with a subjective
• Ban Xia
Hot, drum-like
sensation of fullness accompanied by bursting-like pain in the
11. ZHONG MAN • Chao Zhi Mu
distention (middle
epigastrium and abdomen, heavy sensation in the body, fever,
FErt xtAO WAN
• Ze Xie
burner)
no thirst or thirst with a desire to only sip fluids, greasy,
• Zhu Ling yellow coating tongue coating, slippery or soggy pulse
• Fu Ling
• This is a very complex formula .
• Bai Zhu
• Ren Shen
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Chen Pi
• Sha Shen

• Mu Tong
• Hua Shi
•
• Che Qian Zi dark, turbid, scanty, difficult, and painful urination, a dry

• Qu Mai
Clumping of Damp-Heat
mouth and throat; In severe cases, there may be urinary
retention and lower abdominal distention and pain, yellow,
U. 8A ZHENG SAN • Bian Xu
in the lower burner greasy coating, slippery, rapid pulse
• Zhi Zi
• Commonly-used formula for hot or bloody painful urinary
• Zhi Da Huang dysfunction.
• Deng Xin Cao
• Gan Cao

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 621

• Bai Shao
• Dang Gui
• Abdominal pain, difficult defecation, diarrhea with equal
• Gan Cao
amounts of pus and blood, tenesmus, burning sensation
• Mu Xiang Damp-Heat lodging
13. SHAO YAO TANG e Bing Lang around the anus, scanty and dark urine, heavy sensation in
in the Intestines
the body, fever, no thirst, a greasy, slightly yellow tongue
• Huang Lian (lower burner)
coating, slippery, rapid pulse
• Huang Qin
• This is early-stage dysenteric disorder.
• Da Huang
• Rou Gui
• For a variety of disorders, including lower back and leg pain,
Damp-Heat lodging
weakness or atrophy of the lower extremities, vaginal
in the lower burner
• Huang Bai discharge, and damp sores on the lower extremities, heavy
14. ER MIAO SAN
• Cang Zhu sensation in the body, fever, no t hirst, greasy, yellow tongue
~ SAN: +Niu Xi
coating, slippery or soggy pulse
~ Sl: +Niu Xi, Vi Yi Ren
• Usually serves as the foundation for a larger formula.
• Abdominal pain that worsens with cold, difficult urination,
e Fu Zi deep aching and heaviness in the extremities, pale or dark,
• Bai Zhu Pathogenic fluids swollen tongue with teeth marks, a white, slippery tongue
15. ZHEN WU TANG e Fu Ling retention with KD Yang coating, a submerged, thin, and forceless pulse
• Sheng Jiang deficiency • Also for externally-contracted disorders when sweating fails to
• Bai Shao reduce the fever, and pa lpitations in the epigastrium.
• Focuses on the Kidneys.
e Fu Zi
• Gan Jiang
• Fu Ling
• Bai Zhu
• Generalized edema that is more severe below the waist, cold
• Mu Gua
extremities, chest and abdominal fu llness and distention, loss
• Hou Po Yin edema from SP and
16. SHI PI YIN of appetite, scanty urination, sem iliquid, un-formed stools, a
• Mu Xiang KD Yang deficiency
thick, greasy tongue coating, a submerged, slow, thin pulse
e Da Fu Pi
• Focuses on the Spleen.
• Cao Guo
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao
• Bie Xie
• Frequent urination, turbid urine w ith a milky or rice water
17. BEl XIE FEN e Yi Zhi Ren Cold from deficiency
appearance, and a dense or greasy quality
QING YIN • Wu Yao of the lower burner
• This is cloudy painful urinary dysfunction.
• Shi Chang Pu
• Bing Lang
• Heaviness and weakness of the feet and ca lves and difficulty
• Mu Gua
in walking. May also be numb-ness, cold, and/or pain in
• Wu Zhu Yu
these areas, or ascending spasms.
18. Jl MING SAN • Chen Pi Damp leg qi
• Also for acute invasion of wind-dampness that pours
e Zi Su Ye
downward with simu ltaneous fever and chills and excruciating
• Jie Geng
pain in the lower extremities.
• Sheng Jiang
• Qiang Huo
• Du Huo
• Heavy, painful head, generalized sensation of heaviness,
19. QIANG HUO • Gao Ben Wind-Damp in the
generalized joint pain, difficulty in moving the spine, chills,
SHENG SHI • Fang Geng exterior and muscle
mild fever, white tongue coating, floating pulse
TANG • Chuan Xiong layer
• Aim is to produce on ly a mild sweat.
• Man Jing Zi
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Qiang Huo
• Du Huo
• Qin Jiao
• Sang Zhi • Joint pain that increases with cold and diminishes with
• Hai Feng Teng warmth, perhaps accompanied by a sensation of heaviness
Early stages of
20. JUAN 81 TANG • Dang Gui and numbness, a thick, white tongue coating, a slow, possibly
pa inful obstruction
• Chua n Xiong slippery pulse
• Ru Xiang • Usually modified to focus on wind, cold, or dampness.
• Mu Xiang
e Gui Zhi
• Zhi Gan Cao

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

622 FORMULAS

• Gui Zhi
• Ma Huang
•
• Fu Zi Swollen, painful joints (especially of the lower extremit ies)
21. GUI ZHI SHAO • Zhi Mu Recurrent painful that are warm to the touch and worsen at night, chills,
YAO ZHI MU • Bai Shao obstruction with absence of sweating, weight loss, a white, greasy tongue
TANG
• Bai Zhu localized Heat
•
coating, a wiry, slippery pulse

• Fang Feng Originally for pan-arthralgia (li jie)

• Sheng Jiang
• Gan Cao

• Fang Ji
• Xing Ren
• Vi yi Ren
• Can Sha
Damp-Heat painful • Painful, hot joints, reduced mobility, sensation of heaviness,
22. XUAN Bl TANG • Ban Xia
obstruction
shaking chills and fever, a lusterless, yellow face, scanty and

• Lian Qiao dark urine, a gray or yellow and greasy tongue coating

• Zhi Zi
• Hua Shi
• Chi Xiao Dou

• Du Huo
• Xi Xin
• Fang Feng
•• Qin Jiao
Sang Ji Sheng
• Du Zhong • Heavy, painful sensation in fixed locations of the lower back
and extremities accompanied by weakness and stiffness,
• Niu Xi
Painful obstruction with aversion to cold and attraction to warmth, pale tongue with
23. DU HUO Jl
SHENG TANG • Rou Gui
LV and KD deficiency white coating, a thin, weak, and slow pulse
•• Dang Gui
Chuan Xiong • May also be numbness or lack of sensation. Also for atrophy
disorder.
•• Sheng Di Huang
Bai Shao
• Ren Shen
• Fu Ling
• Zhi Gan Cao

CHAPTER 7. WARM INTERIOR COLD

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Dan Gui
• Bai Shao • Cold extrem ities that feel cold to the touch, pale tongue with
• Gui Zhi
Blood deficiency with
white coating, a submerged, thin pulse or one that is thin
1. DANG GUI Sl Nl
TANG • Xi Xin
Cold in the channels
and almost imperceptible
• Zh i Gan Cao
• Also for joint pain, irregular menstruation, and abdom inal pain
• Da Zao and cold.
• Mu Tong

• Shu Di Huang
• Lu Jiao Jiao
• Loca lized, painful swel ling that blends into the surrounding
• Rou Gui
Yin-type localized
tissue with no head, no heat, and no change in texture or
2. YANG HE TANG • Pao Jiang
Swelling
color
• Bai Jie Zi
• Also for internal problems from blood deficiency with cold
• Ma Huang causing stagnation .
• Gan Cao

• Gan Jiang • Nausea and vomiting along with diarrhea, abdominal pain,

3. Ll ZHONG WAN • Ren Shen Middle burner Cold

•
pale tongue with white coating, a submerged, thin pulse
Also for chronic bleeding, chronic childhood convulsions, and
• Bai Zhu from deficiency
painful obstruction of the chest. Equally tonifies and dispels
• Zh i Gan Cao
cold.

• Wu Zhu Yu
Middle burner Cold • Vomiting from either yang brightness or lesser yin disorders,
4. WU ZHU YU • Sheng Jiang
from deficiency with
abdominal pain, and terminal yin headache; pale tongue with
TANG
• Ren Shen
LV involvement
white coating, pulse is thin and either slow or wiry
• Da Zao • Focuses on both the Liver and Stomach .

• Vi Tang
• Spasmodic abdominal pain that diminishes with warmth and
• Gui Zhi
pressure, lusterless complexion, pale tongue with wh it e
S. XIAO JIAN ZHONG • Bai Shao
Consumptive deficiency coating, a thin, wiry, and moderate pulse
TANG
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Also for low-grade fever, palpitations, irritability, and a dry
• Sheng Jiang
mouth and throat.
• Da Zao

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 623

• Chuan Jiao • Excruciating epigastric and abdominal pain, strong sensation of

6. DA JIAN ZHONG • Gan Jiang
Cold from deficiency
with internal Cold
cold in the epigastrium, severe vomiting, a pa le tongue, a
TANG
• Ren Shen
accumulation
slippery, wh ite tongue coating, a thin, t ight or slow, w iry

• Yi Tang
•
pulse
Focuses on dispelling cold.

LU atrophy due to cold

• Cold extremities, abdominal pain, dry throat, spitting up of
7. GAN CAO GAN • Gan Jiang clear fluids, dizziness, frequent urination, a pale tongue with
JIANG TANG
• Zhi Gan Cao
from deficiency of LU
and ST
•
white, moist coating, a frail or submerged, slow pulse
Also for abdominal pain due to Spleen and Stomach
deficiency, and bleeding due to Spleen yang deficiency.

• Emergencies with cold extremities, aversion to cold, constant

• Sheng Fu Zi desire to sleep, vomiting, diarrhea with undigested food,

8. Sl Nl TANG
• Gan Jiang
KD Yang deficiency with
internal cold
abdominal pa in and cold, a pale tongue, w hite, slippery

• Zhi Gan Cao

•
coating, a submerged, thin pulse
Also for tonifying simple Kidney yang deficiency in
nonemergency situations.

• Ren Shen
Yang deficiency with • Emergencies w ith cold extremities, sweating, weak respiration
and shortness of breath, extremely pall id complexion, pale
9. SHEN FU TANG severe deficiency of
• Fu Zi
the source qi
tongue, faint pu lse that is almost imperceptible
• Focuses on source qi deficiency .

• Hei Xi
• Li u Huang
• Fu Zi
• Rou Gui
• Yang Qi Shi
KD Yang deficiency with • Urgent wheezing and gasping for breath, incessant cold and
10. HEI XI DAN • Bu Gu Zhi
inability of KD stop oily sweating, pale tongue, faint pulse
• Hu Lu Ba
grasp the qi • Also for lower-burner yang qi deficiency and cold .
• Xiao Hui Xiang
• Mu Xiang
• Rou Dou Kou
• Chen Xiang
• Chuan Lian Zi

CHAPTER 8. TONIFY

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Ren Shen • Pallid complexion, weakness, shortness of breath, low and soft

1. Sl JUN Zl TANG • Bai Zhu

SP qi deficiency
voice, reduced appetite, loose stools, pale tongue, thin and/or
• Fu Ling frail pulse
• Zhi Gan Cao • A basic, mild formula.

• Ren Shen
•• Bai Zhu
Fu Ling • Loose stools or diarrhea, weakness, shortness of breath,
red uced appet ite, weight loss, distention and a stifling
• Zhi Gan Cao
SP Qi defi ciency with sensation in the chest and epigastrium, pallid and wan
2. SHEN LING BAI • Shan Yao
internally-generated complexion, pale tongue with white coating, a thin, moderate
ZHU SAN
• Yi Yi Ren
Damp or deficient, moderate pulse
• Bai Bian Dou
• Also for chronic coughs with copious sputum due to Lung and
• Lian Zi
Spleen deficiency.
• Sha Ren
• Jie Geng

• Huang Qi
• Intermittent fever that worsens w it h exertion, weakness,
• Bai Zhu
Ren Shen
shortness of breath, spontan eous sweati ng, aversion to cold,
• Zhi Gan Cao thirst for wa rm beverages, tendency to curl up, a shiny, pale
3. BU ZHONG VI Ql • Dang Gui Sinking of Yang due to
complexion, loose stools, pale tongue w ith a thin, white
TANG
•• Chen Pi
SP and ST deficiency
coating, a flooding, deficient pulse

• Sheng Ma • Very wide appl ication, including prolapses and bleeding

disorders.
• Chai Hu
• Chron ic cough with spa rse sputum that is difficult to
expectorate, short ness of breath, weakness, spontaneous
• Ren Shen
Simultaneous LU Qi and sweating, dry mouth and ton-gue, pale-red tongue with a dry,
4. SHENG MAl SAN • Mai M en Dong
Yin deficiency thin coating, rapid or thin pu lse
• Wu W ei Zi
• Also for palpitations with shortness of breath and a dry
mouth, as well as some types of shock.

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

624 FORMULAS

Ren Shen
Huang Qi • Shortness of breath, weakness, spontaneous sweating,
Sang Bai Qi occasional chills and fever, coughing, wheezing, pale tongue, a
LU Qi deficiency
Zi Wan frail or deficient, large pulse
Wu Wei Zi • Generally used for chronic coughs.
Shu Di Huang
Ge Jie
Ren Shen • Chronic coughing and wheezing, thick, yellow sputum,
Fu Ling coughing of pus and blood, a sensation of heat and irritability
Sang Bai Pi LU Qi deficiency in the chest, facial edema, weakness, gradual emaciation,
• Xing Ren with LU Heat purple tongue with thin and white or greasy, thin, and yellow
• Chuan Bei Mu tongue coating, floating pulse
e Zhi Mu • May progress to Lung atrophy.
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Dizziness, lusterless complexion and nails, general muscle
• Shu Di Huang tightness, irregular menstruation with little flow, pale tongue,
• Bai Shao Blood deficiency
a thin, wiry or thin, choppy pulse
• Dang Gui (focuses on LV)
• Also for menorrhagia, hard abdominal masses with recurrent
• Chuan Xiong
and restless fetus disorder.
• Dang Gui
• Bai Shao • Continuous, mild abdominal pain with urinary difficulty and
LV Blood deficiency
• Chuan Xiong slight edema, primarily of the legs, pale tongue, thin pulse
with stasis and SP
• Fu Ling • Wide application including leg weakness during pregnancy,
deficiency
• Bai Zhu dysmenorrhea, and irregular menstruation.
• Ze Xie
• Spasms of the calf muscles, irritability, slight chills, pale
Blood deficiency
• Bai Shao tongue, no tongue coating, thin pulse
with injury to the
• Zhi Gan Cao • Also for spasmodic pain in other parts of the body
fluids
(particularly the abdomen).
• Post partum abdominal pain, cold abdominal hernial pain, or
• Dang Gui
Cold Blood with spasmodic flank pain that responds favorably to local pressure
• Sheng Jiang
interior deficiency and warmth, pale tongue, deep, wiry, and forceless pulse
• Yang Rou
• Not for acute hernial pain.
• Sensation of heat in the muscles, red face, irritability, thirst
11. DANG GUI BU • Huang Qi with a desire to drink warm beverages, loss of appetite,
Consumptive fatigue
XUE TANG • Dang Gui emaciation, pale tongue, a flooding, big, and deficient pulse
• Also for fever/headache from acute blood loss, ulcers.
• Ren Shen
• Huang Qi
• Bai Zhu
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Forgetfulness, palpitations, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep,
• Dang Gui
anxiety and/or phobias, feverishness, reduced appetite, pallid
• Long Van Rou SP Qi and HT Blood
and wan complexion, pale tongue, a thin, frail pulse
• Suan Zao Ren deficiency
• Also for chronic bleeding.
• Zhi Yuan Zhi
• Focuses on tonifying the qi and calming the spirit.
• Fu Ling
• Mu Xiang
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Ren Shen
• Palpitations with anxiety, irritability, insomnia, loss of appetite,
• Da Zao
emaciation, shortness of breath, constipation, dry mouth and
e Gui Zhi Consumptive disorders
throat, pale, shiny tongue, consistently irregular or
• Sheng Jiang with Qi and blood
slow-irregular pulse, or one that is thin and frail
• Sheng Di Huang deficiency
• Focuses on nourishing the blood and restoring a normal
• E Jiao
pulse.
• Mai Men Dong
• Huo Ma Ren
• Ren Shen
• Bai Zhu
• Fu Ling • Pallid or sallow complexion, palpitations with anxiety, laconic
• Zhi Gan Cao speech, easily-fatigued extremities, light-headedness and/or
• Shu Di Huang vertigo, loss of appetite, emaciation, pale tongue, a pulse
Qi and Blood deficiency
• Bai Shao which is thin and frail or large, deficient, and without
• Dang Gui strength
• Chuan Xiong • This is a nonspecific formula.
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 625

• Ren Shen
• Bai Zhu
• Fu Ling
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Qi and Blood deficiency in consumptive disorders with
• Shu Di Huang
coughing, reduced appetite, spermatorrhea, and weakness of
15. SHI QUAN DA • Bai Shao Qi and Blood deficiency the lower extremities. May also include sores that refuse to
BU TANG • Dang Gui with mild deficient cold heal, or continuous spotting from uterine bleeding, pale,
• Chuan Xiong dusky with thin, white coating, thin, weak, deep, possibly
slow pulse
• Rou Gui
• Huang Qi
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao
• He Shou W u
• Ren Shen
Malarial disorder with • Wan complexion, loss of appetite, emaciation, pale tongue, a
16. HE REN YIN • Dan Gui
Qi and Blood deficiency moderate, large, and deficient pulse
• Wei Jiang
• Chen Pi
• Sh u Di Huang • Soreness and weakness of the lower back, light-headedness,
• Shan Zhu Yu vertigo, tinnitus, diminished hearing, dry mouth and throat,
17. LIU WEI 01 • Shan Yao KD and LV Yin irritability, night sweats, spontaneous and nocturnal emissions,
HUANG WAN • Fu Ling deficiency a red, dry tongue, a thin, rapid pulse
• Mu Dan Pi • The representative formula of this group, it is balanced
• Ze Xie between enriching the yin and treating fire from deficiency.
• Sh u Di Huang
• Lower back soreness, spontaneous emissions, night sweats, dry
• Shan Zh u Yu
KD Yin deficiency with mouth and throat, irritability, thirst with a desire to drink, a
• Gou Qi Zi
18. ZUO GUI YIN injury to the essence red, dry tongue, peeled coating, a th in, rapid pulse
• Shan Yao
and marrow • Because it focuses on deficiency, it is indicated for cases with
• Fu Ling
no signs of fire.
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Afternoon tidal fever, night sweats, spontaneous emissions,
irritability, a sensation of heat and pain in the knees and legs
• Shu Di Huang
Upward-rising of fire (sometimes accompanied by weakness), soreness and
• Su Jiu Gui Ban
19. OA BU YIN WAN e Chao Huang Bai from KD and LV weakness of the lower back, a red, dry tongue, a pulse
deficiency which is rapid and forcef ul in the rear position
• Jiu Chao Zhi Mu
• Focuses more on causing the fire from deficiency to descend,
and less on tonifying.
• Jiu Chao Huang
Bai
• Jiu Chao Zhi Mu
• Shu Di Huang • Weakness of the lower back and knees, deterioration of the
• Su Zhi Gui Ban Atrophy disorder due sinews and bones, wasting of the muscles of the legs and
20. HU QIAN WAN
• Bai Shao to LV and KD deficiency feet, difficulty in wa lking, dry mouth and throat, a red, dry
• Hu Gu tongue, a thin, frail pulse
• Suo Yang
• Gan Jiang
• Chen Pi
e Zi He Che
• Sheng Di Huang
• Cough with sticky sputum that is difficult to expectorate,
• Du Zhong
emaciation, tinnitus, dizziness, tidal fever, parched throat, heat
e Niu Xi
KD and LU Yin in the five centers, night sweats soreness and weakness of
21. DA ZAO WAN • Su Jiu Gui Ban
deficiency the lower back, dry mouth and throat, irritability, a red, dry
• Huang Bai
tongue, a thin, rapid pulse
• Ren Shen
• Especially useful for consumptive disorders with emaciation.
• Mai Men Dong
• Tian Men Dong
• Sheng Di Huang
• Hypochondriac and chest pain, epigastric and abdominal
• Gou Qi Zi
LV and KD Yin distention, acid regurgitation, soreness and weakness of the
• Sha Shen
22. Yl GUAN JIAN deficiency with LV qi lower back, dry mouth and throat, irritability, a red, dry
• Mai Men Dong
constraint tongue, a thin, frail or deficient, wiry pulse
• Dang Gui
• Commonly used for chronic hepatitis.
• Chuan Lian Zi
e Tu Si Zi
• Shu Di Huang • Diminished visual acuity and blurred vision that worsens with
KD and LV deficiency
23. ZHU JING WAN e Che Qian Zi exertion and improves with rest, soreness and w eakness of
with some Damp
• Shi Cha ng Pu the lower back and legs, a red, dry tongue, a thin, frail pulse
• Fu Ling

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

626 FORMULAS

• He Shou Wu
• Gou Qi Zi
•
• Tu Si Zi Premature gray hair or loss of hair, loose teeth, spontaneous
24. Ql BAO MEl • Niu Xi KD and LV Yin and nocturnal emissions, soreness and weakness of the lower
RAN DAN
• Dang Gui deficiency back, dry mouth and throat, irritability, a red, dry tongue, a

• Fu Ling thin, rapid pulse

• Bu Gu Zhi
• Hei Zhi Ma

• Weakness and soreness of the lower back and knees,

dizziness and blurred vision, insomnia and dream-disturbed
25. ER ZHI WAN • Nu Zhen Zi KD and LV Yin
sleep, premature graying or loss of hair, dry mouth and
• Han Lian Cao deficiency
throat, irritability, a red, dry tongue, a thin, rapid pulse
• Focuses on bleeding disorders or premature graying .

• Shu Di Huang
• Shan Zhu Yu
• Cold and pain of the lower back and legs, tenseness of the
• Shan Yao
lower abdomen, urinary disorders, fatigue, a pale, swollen
26. JIN GUI SHEN Ql • Fu Zi
KD Yang deficiency tongue, a thin, frail pulse (especially at the proximal position)
WAN
• Gui Zhi
• General formula that is particularly useful for disorders of
• Fu Ling
water metabolism.
• Mu Dan Pi
• Ze Xie

• Fu Zi
• Rou Gui
• Exhaustion from long-term illness, coolness of the extremities,
• Lu Jiao Jiao
impotence, spermatorrhea, aching and weakness of the lower
• Shu Di Huang
back and knees, fatigue, aversion to cold, a pale, swollen
27. YOU GUI WAN • Shan Zhu Yu KD Yang deficiency with
tongue, a thin, frail pulse (especially at the proximal position)
• Shan Yao waning of Mingmen-fire
• May also be infertility, loose stools (sometimes w ith
• Gou Qi Zi
undigested food particles), incontinence, and edema of the
• Tu Si Zi
legs.
•• Du Zhong
Dang Gui

• Tu Si Zi
• Lu Rong
• Rou Cong Rong
• Exhaustion, frail physique, dizziness, aversion to cold, lower
• Shan Yao
back pain, weakness of the legs, frequent, scanty urination
• Fu Zi KD Qi deficiency with
with continuous dripping, a pale, swollen tongue, a
28. TU 51 Zl WAN
• Wu Yao an inability to grasp
submerged, thin pulse that is especially frail at the proximal
•• Wu Wei Zi
Sang Piao Xiao
the essence
position

• Yi Zhi Ren • Simultaneously treats the manifestation and root .

• Duan Mu Li
• Ji Nei Jin

• Fu Zi
• Rou Gui
• Rou Cong Rong
• Bai Ji Tian
• Yin Yang Huo
• She Chuang Zi Waning of Mingmen
• Impotence and/or infertility with listlessness, aching and

29. ZAN YU DAN • Jiu Zi Fire, and Cold from weakness of the lower back, fatigue, aversion to cold,
• Xian Mao deficiency of the weakness of legs, a pale, swollen tongue, shiny complexion,
• Shan Zhu Yu essential Qi submerged, frail pulse (especially at the proximal position)
• Du Zhong
• Shu Di Huang
• Dang Gui
• Gou Qi Zi
• Bai Zhu

• Xian Mao • Menopausal symptoms (especially hypertension), fatigue,

• Yin Yang Huo KD Yin and Yang aversion to cold, lower back pain, weakness of the legs, a

30. ER XIAN TANG • Bai Ji Tian deficiency, accompanied pale, swollen tongue, a thin, frail pulse (especially at the
• Huang Bai by flaring up of proximal position)
• Zhi Mu Fire due to deficiency
• A complex formula that is also used for essential
• Dang Gui hypertension and other disorders unrelated to menopause.

CHAPTER 9. REGULATE Ql

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 627

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

•
•
Xiang Fu
Chuan Xiong • Focal distention and a stifling sensation in the chest and
1. VUE JU WAN
• Cang Zhu Mildly constrained Qi
abdomen, fixed pain in the hypochondria, belching, acid

• Shan Zhi Zi
•
regurgitation, mild cough with copious sputum, no appetite

• Shen Qu
Focuses on promoting the movement of qi.

• Ban Xia
• Feeling of something caught in the throat, stifling sensation in
• Hou Po
Constrained Qi with
the chest and hypochondria, moist or greasy white tongue
2. BAN XIA HOU PO
TANG • Fu Ling coating, a wiry pulse
• Sheng Jiang
concurrent Phlegm
• This is called plum-pit qi (mei he qi) . May also be coughing
• Zi Su Ve and vomiting.

• Gua Lou
Unaroused upper • Chest pain frequently radiating to the upper back, copious
3. GUA LOU XIE BAI
BAI JIU TANG • Xie Bai
burner Yang
sputum, SOB, thick, greasy tongue coating, deep, wiry pulse
• Bai Jiu
• This is a form of painful obstruction of the chest .

• Hou Po
• Cao Dou Kou
• Chen Pi
•
4. HOU PO WEN • Mu Xiang Damp-Cold injuring SP
Epigast ric and abdominal distention and fullness, loss of
ZHONG TANG
• Gan Jiang and ST
•
appetite, loose diarrhea, a white, slippery tongue coating
Focuses on warming the middle burner and regulating the qi.
• Sheng Jiang
• Fu Ling
• Zhi Gan Cao

S. LIANG FU WAN • Gao Lia ng Jiang Liver Qi stagnation and • Epigastric pain, stifling sensation in the chest, hypochondriac
pain, menstrual pain, white tongue coating
• Xiang Fu cold congea ling in ST
• Problems improve with local application of heat.

6. JIN LING Zl SAN • Chuan Lian Zi

LV constraint with Heat
• Intermittent epigastric and hypochondriac pain or menstrual
pain, irritability, red tongue, yellow coat, wiry or rapid pulse
• Van Hu Suo
• Pain is aggravated by ingesting hot food or beverage .

• Wu Vao
• Xiao Hui Xiang
• Gao Liang Jiang
Cold invading LV • Lower abdominal pain radiating to the testicles, pale tongue
7. TIAN TAl WU • Qing Pi
channel and causing Qi with white coating, slow or wiry pulse
YAO SAN
• M u Xiang
stagnation
• Also for hypochondriac or menstrual pain .
• Bing Lang
• Jin Li ng Zi
• Ba Dou

• Wu
Xiao Hui Xiang
• ChenYaoXiang • Lower abdominal pain that is sharp and localized and
• Rou Bu i increases with local application of cold, pale tongue (especially
8. NUAN GAN JIAN • Gou Cold from deficiency
on the sides and root), a submerged, tight pulse
• Fu Li ngQi Zi of LV and KD
• A form of hernial disorder.
• Dang Gui • Also for swollen and painful scrotum .
• Sheng Jiang
• Ju He
• Jin Ling Zi
• Mu Xiang
• Tao Ren
• Hu Suo • Unilateral testicular swelling with colicky pain, or a rock-like
• Van swelling of the scrotum, or oozing of a yel low fluid from the
9. JU HE WAN • Rou Gui Cold-Damp invading LV
scrotum
• Hou Po
Mu Tong channel
• A form of hernial disorder.
• • Can also be appl ied externally.
• ZhiHai ShiZao
• Kun Bu
• Hai Dai
•
• SuBanZiXia
• Hou
• Chen PoPi
• Hu
• Qian Congest ed fluids with • Coughing and wheezing with copious, watery, clear sputum,
10. SU Zl JIANG Ql
TANG • Rou Gui
KD deficiency
labored inhalation, a white, greasy tongue coating
• Sheng
Da n Gui • A type of excess above and deficiency below.
• Jiang
•• Su Ve
Da Zao
• Zhi Gan Cao

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

628 FORMULAS

• Ma Huang
• Yin Xing
• Xing Ren
•
• Su Zi Wind-Cold in exterior Copious, thick, yellow sputum, labored breathing, wheezing, a
11. DING CHUAN
TANG • Ban Xia and Phlegm-Heat in the
•
greasy, yellow tongue coating, a slippery, rapid pulse

• Kuan Dong Hua interior May have simultaneous fever and chills .

• Sang Bai Pi
• Huang Qin
• Gan Cao

• Wu Yao
• Irritability and a stifling sensation in the chest, wheezing,
12. Sl MO TANG • Chen Xiang Constraint and clumping
labored breathing, epigastric focal distention, loss of appetite
• Bing Lang of LV Qi affecting LU
• Stomach is also involved .
• Ren Shen

• Xuan Fu Hua
• Dai Zhe Shi
• Ban Xia SP and ST deficiency • Hard epigastric focal distention, hiccough, belching, vomiting, a
13. XUAN FU DAI
ZHE SHI TANG • Sheng Jiang with Phlegm in the white, slippery tongue coating, a wiry, deficient pulse

• Ren Shen interior • Also for coughing and wheezing .

• Zhi Gan Cao

• Da Zao

• Chen Pi
• Zhu Ru
• Hiccough, belching, vomiting, tender, red tongue and a
14. JU PI ZHU RU • Ren Shen
ST deficiency with Heat deficient, rapid Pulse
TANG
• Sheng Jiang
• Also for vomiting due to debility after a prolonged illness .
• Gan Cao
• Da Zao

• Ding Xiang
• Hiccough, belching, vomiting, stifling sensation in the
15. DING XIANG SHI • Shi Di Cold from deficiency of
epigastrium, focal distention of the chest, pale tongue with
Dl TANG
• Sheng Jiang ST
white coating, a submerged, slow pulse
• Ren Shen

CHAPTER 10. INVIGORATE BLOOD

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Tao Ren • Acute lower abdominal pain, incontinence of urine, nighttime

feverishness, delirious speech, irritability, a submerged, full, or
• Da Huang
Blood stasis and Heat choppy pulse
1. TAO HE CHENG
Ql TANG • Gui Zhi
in the lower burner
• This is known as blood buildup (xu xue). Also used for such
• Mang Xiao
disorders as intractable pain after trauma, amenorrhea, and
• Zhi Gan Cao
severe wheezing with distention of the chest.

• Tao Ren
• Hong Hua
• Chuan Xiong
• Chest and hypochondriac pain, stubborn, piercing headache,
• Dang Gui
choking sensation when drinking, depression, warm sensation
• Chi Shao Blood stasis in the
in the chest, dark-red tongue, a choppy or wiry, tight pulse
2. XUE FU ZHU YU
TANG • Chuan Niu Xi chest and constra in ed
• Used for a wide variety of complaints w ith fixed pain in the
• Sheng Di Huang LV Qi
upper part of the body accompanied by tongue and pulse
• Chai Hu
signs of blood stasis.
• Jie Geng
• Zhi Ke
• Gan Cao

• Irregular menses, dysmenorrhea, retention of the lochia, post

partum abdominal pain, acute, colicky pain in the lower

3. SHI XIAO SAN • Wu Ling Zhi Blood stasis in the abdomen, severe pain in the middle abdomen, or epigastric
• Pu Huang lower abdomen pain
• Particularly useful for blood stasis in the Liver channel .
• Modified to treat angina pectoris .

• Dan Shen Blood stasis and Qi

• Epigastric pain that may radiate upward into chest
4. DAN SHEN YIN • Tan Xiang stagnation in the
• Particularly useful for epigastric, flank, or menstrual pain in
• Sha Ren middle burner women. Modified to treat angina pectoris.

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 629

• Da Huang
• Tu Bie Chong
• Tao Ren
• Gan Qi
• Qi Cao • Emaciation, sensation of abdominal fullness and pain with loss
5. DA HUANG ZHE e Shui Zhi Accumulation of dry of appetite, rough, dry, sca ly skin, a dull, darkened
CHONG WAN • Meng Chong Blood appearance to the eyes
• Huang Qin • A form of consumption.
• Xing Ren
• Sheng Di Huang
• Bai Shao
• Gan Cao

• Huang Qi
• Dang Gui Wei • Sequelae of wind-stroke including hemiplegia, paralysis and
• Chuan xXong Blood stasis with atrophy of the lower limbs, facial paralysis, slurred speech,
6. BU YANG HUAN
WU TANG • Chi Shao normal Qi and yang Qi drooling, dry stools, frequent urination or urinary incontinence,
• Tao Ren deficiency white tongue coating, moderate pulse
• Hong Hua • Also for atrophy disorders.
• Di Long

e Gui Zhi
• Restless fetus, mild, persistent uterine bleeding of purple or
• Fu Ling
dark blood, abdominal spasms and tension, choppy pulse
7. GUt ZHI FU LING • Shao Yao Blood stasis in the
WAN • Also for gynecological problems such as immobile masses in
• Mu Dan Pi womb during pregnancy
the lower abdomen with pain and tenderness, and
• Tao Ren
amenorrhea with abdominal distention and pa in.
• Feng Mi

• Dang Gui • Retention of the lochia accompanied by cold and pain in the
Blood stasis in the
• Chuan Xiong lower abdomen, a pale-purple tongue or pale tongue with
8. SHENG HUA womb due to Cold
• Tao Ren purple spots, a thin, choppy, submerged pulse
TANG entering the abdomen
• Pao Jiang • Should only be used in patients with blood stasis, blood
in postpartum
• Zhi Gan Cao deficiency, and cold.

• Wu Zhu Yu
e Gui Zhi
• Dang Gui
• Chuan Xiong
• Mild, persistent uterine bleeding, irregular menstruation,
• Bai Shao
Cold from deficiency of increased menstrual flow, lower abdominal pain, dry lips and
• E Jiao
9. WEN JING TANG Ren and Chong vessels mouth, low-grade afternoon fever, warm palms and soles,
• M ai M en Dong
with blood stasis choppy pulse
• M u Da n Pi
• Be sure to differentiate this pattern from yin deficiency.
• Ren Shen
• Sheng Jiang
• Ban Xia
• Gan Cao

• Dan Gui
• Tao Ren
• Hong Hua
Blood stasis and Qi • Severe pain in the chest, hypochondria, or flanks, dark tongue
10. FU YUAN HUO • Chuan Shan Zha
stagnation due to body with stasis spots, wiry pulse
XUE TANG • Jiu Zhi Da Huang
trauma • Generally used for trunk pain.
• Tian Hua Fen
• Chai Hu
• Gan Cao

• Xue Jie
• Hong Hua
• Ru Xiang • Bruising, swelling, and pain accompanying injuries such as
Blood stasis and Qi
• Mo Yao broken bones and torn sinews, and bleeding due to
11. Ql Ll SAN stagnation due to
• She Xiang lacerations , dark tongue body with stasis spots, wiry pulse
trauma
• Bing Pian • Applied externally for bleeding.
• Er Cha
• Zhu Sha

• Dang Gui
• Chuan Xiong
• Ru Xiang
Blood stasis and Qi • Bruising, swelling, and distended aches and pains with a fixed
• Mo Yao
12. DIE DA WAN stagnation due to location, dark tongue body with stasis spot s, wiry pulse
• Xue Jie
trauma • Often used for contusions, strains, or fractures.
• Tu Bie Chong
• Ma Huang
• Zi Ran Tong

NCCAOM Formula s I Indications

630 FORMULAS

• Dang Gui • Pain in various locations, severe pain secondary to trauma,

13. HUO LUO XIAO • Dan Shen Blood stasis in the but focused more in the epigastrium and abdomen, dark
liNG DAN
• Ru Xiang Collaterals
•
tongue body with stasis spots, wiry pulse

• Mo Yao Generally used for long-term problems .

CHAPTER 11. STOP BLEEDING

FORMUlA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Da Ji
• Xiao Ji
• He Ye
• Ce Bai Ye • Vomiting blood, spitting blood, or coughing of blood, bleeding

1. SHI HUI SAN • Bai Mao Gen

LV Fire attacking ST
that is profuse, bright in color, and of relatively acute onset,

• Qian Cao Gen red tongue body, rapid pulse

• Zong Lu Pi • Often used in patients with tuberculosis.

• Zhi Zi
• Da Huang
• Mu Dan Pi
• Coughing or spitting of blood, vomiting blood, or nosebleeds
• Sheng Ce Bai Ye
with a dry mouth and throat, bleeding that is profuse, bright
• Sheng Di Huang Heat in the Blood
2. Sl SHENG WAN in color, and of relatively acute onset, red tongue body, wiry,
• Sheng He Ye (upper burner)
forceful, rapid pulse
• Sheng Ai Ye
• The ingredients can be used raw.
• Coughing of blood-streaked sputum which is t hick and difficult
• Qing Dai
to expectorate, a bitter taste in the mouth, irritability and
e Zhi Zi
easily-provoked anger, constipation, red cheeks, bleeding that
3. KE XUE FANG • Gua Lou Ren LV Fire scorching LU
is profuse, bright in color, and of relatively acute onset, r ed
e Fu Hai Shi
tongue body, yellow tongue coating, wiry, rapid pulse
e He Zi
• Also treats phlegm.
• Bleeding from the rectum during defecation, blood in the
• Huai Hua Mi
Intestinal Wind from stool or bleeding hemorrhoids, bleeding that is profuse, bright
• Ce Bai Ye
4. HUAI HUA SAN Wind-Heat toxin or in color, and of relatively acute onset, red tongue body, wiry
• ling lie Sui
Damp-Heat toxin or soggy, rapid pulse
e Zhi Ke
• Combines stabilizing and dissipating ingredients.
• Xiao Ji
• Ou lie
• Chao Pu Huang
• Sheng Di Huang • Blood in the urine usually with urinary frequency, urgency,
Aggregation of static
• Hua Shi burning and pain, thirst, irritability, bleeding that is profuse,
S. XIAO Jl YIN Zl Heat in the lower
• Mu Tong bright in color, and of relatively acute onset, red tongue
burner
• Dan Zhu Ye body, thin yellow coating, forceful, rapid pulse
e Zhi Zi
• Dang Gui
• Zhi Gan Cao
e Zhi Zi
• Chao Huang Qin
• Huang Bai
• Sheng Di huang • Profuse uterine bleeding, dry mouth and parched lips,
6. QING RE ZHI • Mu Dan Pi Reckless movement of bleeding that is profuse, bright in color, and of relatively
BENG TANG e Di Yu hot Blood acute onset, red tongue body, yellow coating, rapid pulse
• Ce Bai Ye Tan • Focuses on clearing heat.
• Chun Gen Bai Pi
• Duan Gui Ban
• Bai Shao
Cold from deficiency • Dark bleeding primarily in the upper part of the body
• Ce Bai Ye
of the middle burner including unre mitting vomiting or spitting up of blood,
7. BAI YE TANG e Gan Jiang
Qi with ascendant epistaxis, a pale tongue, a deficient, rapid pulse
e Ai Ye
LV Yang • Originally only for unremitting vomiting.
• Zao Xin Tu
• Bai Zhu
• Dark bleeding primarily in the low er part of the body
e Fu Zi
accompanied by cold extrem it ies, long unremitting bleeding,
8. HUANG TU TANG e Shen Di Huang SP Yang deficiency
pale tongue, forceless, submerged pu lse
• E Jiao
• Can be used for any type of bleeding wit h this diagnosis.
• Huang Qin
• Gan Cao

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 631

• E Jiao
• Ai Ye
• Sheng Di Huang
• Abdominal pa in with pale, thin uterine bleeding, long
9. JIAO AI TANG
• Dang Gui
Injured and deficient
unremitting bleeding, pale tongue, thin, frail, forceless pulse
• Chuan Xiong
Chong and Ren vessels
• Especia lly useful for restless fetus disorder.
• Bai Shao
• Gan Cao

CHAPTER 12. STABILIZE AND BIND

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

1. YU PING FENG • Huang Qi • Aversion to wind, spontaneous sweating, recurrent colds, a

SAN • Bai Zhu Deficient Wei Qi

shiny, pale face, pale tongue with white coating, a floating,

• Fang Feng
•
deficient, and soft pulse
Tonifies and stops sweating .

• Mu Li
• Spontaneous sweating that worsens at night, palpitations,
2. MU Ll SAN • Huang Qi Unstable protective Qi easily startled, shortness of breath, irritability, general debility,
• Ma Huang Gen with injury to HT Yin lethargy, pale-red tongue, a thin, frail pulse
• Fu Xiao Mai
• Stops sweating without any tonifying action.

• Dang Gui
• Sheng Di Huang
• Fever, night sweats, red face, dry mouth and parched lips,
• Shu Di Huang
Raging Fire from Yin
irritability, dry stools, dark and scanty urine, a red, dry
3. DANG GUI LIU
HUANG TANG • Huang Lian
Deficiency
tongue, a rapid pulse
• Huang Qin
• Also for Lung consumption, steaming bone disorder, or
• Huang Bai chronic nosebleeds .
• Huang Qi

• Ren Shen
• Zhi Ying Su Ke
• Wu Mei
• Wu Wei Zi
• E Jiao • Chronic, unremitting cough with wheezing, a shiny, white
4. JIU XIAN SAN
• Kuan Dong Hua Deficient LU Qi and Yin complexion, shortness of breath, spontaneous sweating, a
• Bei Mu deficient, rapid pulse
• Jie Geng
• Sang Bai Pi
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao

• Ren Shen
• Bai Zhu
• Rou Gui • Unremitting diarrhea (which may contain pus and blood),
• Rou Dou Kou mild, persistent abdominal pain that responds favorably to
5. ZHEN REN YANG • He Zi SP and KD Yang local pressure or warmth, lethargy, wan complexion, reduced
ZANG TANG
• Zhi Ying Su Ke deficiency appetite, soreness of the lower back, pale tongue, thin, slow
• Bai Shao pulse
• Dang Gui • Treats both the manifestations and the root .
• Mu Xiang
• Zhi Gan Cao

• Chi Shi Zhi

Injury to the collaterals
• Chronic dysenteric disorder with dark blood and pus in the
stool, abdominal pain that responds favorably to local
6. TAO HUA TANG • Gan Jiang
of the Intestines pressure or warmth, pale tongue, frail, thin, slow pulse
• Geng Mi
• Focuses on the manifestations .

• Bu Gu Zhi
• Rou Dou Kou • Daybreak diarrhea, abdominal pain, lack of interest in food

7. Sl SHEN WAN • W u Zhu Yu Cold from deficiency and inability to digest what is eaten, soreness of the lower
• Wu Wei Zi of SP and KD back with cold limbs, a pale tongue, a submerged, forceless,
• Sheng Jiang slow pulse
• Da Zao

• Sha Yuan Ji Li
• Lian Zi
KD deficiency leading to • Chronic spermatorrhea, impotence, frequent urination to the
8. JIN SUO GU JING • Qian Shi
instability of the gate
point of incontinence, fatigue and weakness, sore and weak
WAN
• Su Zhi Long Gu
of essence
limbs, lower back pain, tinnitus, pa le tongue, thin, frail pulse
• Duan Mu Li
• Has been used to treat myasthenia gravis .
• Lian Xu

N CCAOM Formulas I Indicat ions

632 FORMULAS

• Sang Piao Xiao

• Long Gu
• Ren Shen • Frequent urination, gray and cloudy urine sometimes
9. SANG PIAO XIAO • Fu Shen Qi deficiency of KD and accompanied by spermatorrhea, disorientation, forgetfu lness,
SAN • Yuan Zhi HT a pale tongue, thin, frail, slow pulse
• Chang Pu • This is one type of Bladder losing its restraint.
• Zhi Gui Ban
• Dang Gui

e Yi Zhi Ren • Frequent, clear, and prolonged urination or enuresis, pale

10. SUO QUAN Cold from KD deficiency tongue, submerged and frail pulse
• Wu Yao
WAN
• Shan Yao • This is one type of Bladder losing its restraint.

e Gui Zhi • Spermatorrhea or dreaming of sexua l intercourse, lower

• Bai Shao abdominal contraction and pain, occasionally watery diarrhea,
11. GUI ZHI JIA e Long Gu dizziness, palpitations, insomnia and dream-disturbed sleep,
Lack of communication
LONG GU M U Ll e Mu Li loss of hair, a pale tongue, a hollow, slow pulse
between HT and KD
TANG e Sheng Jiang • Also for a wide variety of disorders due to yin deficiency and
• Da Zao unstable yang from chronic constraint or overwork, including
• Gan Cao spontaneous or night sweats and palpitations.

• Restless fetus disorder and, in severe cases, vaginal bleeding

e Tu Si Zi
during pregnancy or miscarriage, frequent urination to the
KD deficiency leading to
• Sang Ji Sheng
12. SHOU TAl WAN instability of Chong and point of incontinence, dizziness, tinnitus, weak legs, slippery
• Xu Duan
Ren vessels tongue coating, frail, submerged pulse
• E Jiao
• Also used as a preventative measure.

• Chao Bai Zhu

• Huang Qi
• Shan Zhu Yu
• Bai Shao • Thin and pale vaginal blood that either pours down or
13. GU CHONG • Duan Long Gu SP deficiency unable to continuously trickles, palpitations, shortness of breath, pale
TANG • Duan Mu Li govern Blood tongue, a deficient, big or thin, frail pulse
• Hai Piao Xiao • Also for black, tarry stools.
• long Lu Tan
e Wu Bei Zi
• Qian Cao Gen

• Gui Ban
• Bai Shao • Very red vaginal blood that may contain dark-purple clots,
LV Heat from constraint
• Huang Qin se nsat ion of heat and irritability in the chest, abdominal pain,
14. GU JING WAN disturbing Chong and
• Huang Bai dark urine, red tongue, a rapid, wi ry pulse
Ren vessels
• Xiang Fu • Deficient yin underlies the heat.
• Chun Gen Pi

• Yu Liang Shi
e Zi Shi Ying • Continuous vaginal bleed ing of purplish-red or dark-purple
e Chi Shi Zhi blood with clots, pain and tenderness of the lower abdomen
e Dai Zhe Shi Cold from deficiency that diminishes with the passage of clots, a dark-purple
1S. ZHEN LING DAN
• Ru Xiang with Blood stasis tongue which may have purple spots, a submerged, thi n, and
• Mo Yao wiry pulse
• Wu Ling Zhi • Also for vagina l discharge w ith the same pattern .
• Zhu Sha

• Chao Bai Zhu

• Chao Shan Yao
• Ren Shen
• Cang Zhu
• Chen Pi • Profuse, thin, white, or pale-yellow vaginal discharge, loose
SP deficiency with
• Jiu Chao Che stools, fatigue, a shiny, pale face, pale tongue wit h white
16. WAN DAI TANG Damp and LV Qi
Qian Zi coating, a soggy, frail pulse
constraint
• Chai Hu • Also for edema during menstruat ion or pregnancy.
• Jiu Chao Bai
Shao
• Jie Sui Tan
• Gan Cao

• Chao Shan Yao • Unremitting, yellowish-white, viscous, and fishy-smelling vaginal

• Huang Bai SP Qi deficiency discharge, pale-yellow face, sensation of heaviness in the head
17. VI HUANG TANG e Che Qian Zi with Damp-Heat from (loose stools), reduced appetite, late menstrual periods w ith
• Chai Qian Shi constraint pale blood (pale tongue with white coating), a soft, slippery
• Yin Xing pulse

NCCAOM Formulas I I ndicat ions

 FORMULAS 633

CHAPTER 13. CALM SPIRIT

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Sheng Di Huang
• Dan Shen
• Dang Gui
• Bai Zi Ren
• Yuan Zhi
• Ren Shen • Irritability, sleep disturbance, palpitations with anxiety, inability
• Fu Ling to concentrate, nocturnal emissions, dry stools, red tongue
1. TIAN WANG BU
XIN DAN • Tian Men Dong
Yin deficiency of HT
and KD
with little coating, a thin, rapid pulse
• Mai Men Dong • Focuses on irritability, Also for apthous ulcers, recurrent
• Xuan Shen urticaria, and chronic conjunctivitis
• Wu Wei Zi
• Suan Zao Ren
• Jie Geng
• Zhu Sha
• Long Van Rou

• Suan Zao Ren

• Chuan Xiong
Consumption from
• Inability to sleep, palpitations, anxiety, irritability, night sweats,
2. SUAN ZAO REN
TANG • Fu Ling
deficient LV Blood
dizziness and vertigo, dry throat and mouth, red and dry
• Zhi Mu tongue with little coating, wiry, thin, rapid pulse
• Gan Cao

• Ren Shen

3. DING ZHI WAN • Fu Ling

HT Qi deficiency
• Apprehensiveness, easily frightened, and/or incessant laughter

• Chang Pu
and glee, together with palpitations with anxiety and

• Yuan Zhi
forgetfulness; pulse is not rapid

• Huang Lian • Irritability with a sensation of heat in the chest, insomnia,

• Huang Qin
Fire from Yin deficiency
palpitations with anxiety, a red tongue with dry, yellow
4. HUANG LIAN E
JIAO TANG • E Jiao
affecting the Spirit
tongue coating, a thin, rapid pulse
• Ji Zi Huang • May also be sores in the mouth. Also for heat in the blood
• Bai Shao level with dysenteric disorders due to heat toxin.

• This is known as restless organ disorder (zang zao).

• Disorientation, frequent attacks of melancholy, crying spells,
• Fu Xiao Mai
Deficiency of Qi and inability to control oneself, irritability, palpitations with
5. GAN MAl DA
ZAO TANG • Gan Cao
Yin of HT and SP anxiety, restless sleep, sometimes with night sweats, frequent
• Da Zao
bouts of yawning, red tongue w ith sparse coating, a thin,
rapid pulse

• Zhu Sha
• Sensation of heat in the chest, severe irritability, continuous
• Huang Lian
Vigorous HT Fire
pa lpitations, insomnia, dreams, desire to vomit without result,
6. ZHU SHA AN
SHEN WAN • Dang Gui
injuring Yin and Blood
red tongue, usually a wiry, thin, rapid pulse
• Sheng Di Huang
• Especially useful for palpitations and anxiety that occur during
• Zhi Gan Cao drea ms.

• Ci Shi
Imbalance between KD • Focuses on visual and auditory disturbances, irritability,
7. Cl ZHU WAN
• Zhu Sha
Water and HT Fire
palpitations, insomnia, red tongue, usually a wiry, rapid pulse
• Shen Qu • Also for epilepsy and cataracts .

• Sheng Tie Luo

• Zhu Sha
• Dan Nan Xing
• Bei Mu
• Shi Chang Pu
• Yuan Zhi • Manic behavior with restless agitation, severe and throbbing
• Fu Shen headache, severe irritability, continuous palpitations, insomnia,
8. SHENG TIE LUO
YIN • Lian Qiao Phlegm-Fire agitating HT dreams, extreme emotional liability, shouting at people with
• Dan Shen no apparent reason, sca rlet tongue with a yellow, greasy
• Gou Teng coating, a wiry, rapid pulse
• Xuan Shen
• Fu Ling
• Chen Pi
• Mai Men Dong
• Tian M en Dong

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

634 FORMULAS

• Gui Zhi
• Chai Hu
• Huang Qin
• Fullness in the chest, irritability with occasional attacks of
• Da Huang palpitations, insomnia, dreams, urinary difficulty, constipation,
• Long Gu
Problems with all the delirious speech, inability to rotate t he trunk, sensation of
9. CHAI HU JIA
• Mu Li
Yang stages, or Phlegm extreme heaviness throughout the body, red tongue with
LONG GU MU Ll
TANG • Ren Shen
in LV/GB system slippery coating, a wiry, rapid pulse
• Fu Ling
• Today used for a wide variety of problems marked by fullness
• Ban Xia in the chest with irritability and palpitations.
• Sheng Jiang
• Da Zao
• Qian Dan

CHAPTER 14. EXPEL WIND

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Jing Jie
• Fang Feng
• Niu Ban Zi
• Chan Tui
• Cang Zhu
Wind-Damp-Heat • Weepy, itchy, red skin lesions over a large part of the body,
• Ku Shen
invading the body, yellow or white tongue coating, a forceful, floating, and rapid
1. XIAO FENG SAN • Mu Tong
contending with pulse
• Shi Gao
pre-existing Damp-Heat • Also applied topically
e Zhi Mu
• Sheng Di Huang
• Dang Gui
e Hei Zhi Ma
• Gan Cao

• Ma Huang
• Chuang Xiong
• Guan Fang Ji
• Xing Ren
• Fang Feng • Hemiplegia, asymmetrical face, and slurred speech
Wind-stroke (usually
2. XIAO XU MING • Sheng Jiang accompanied by fever and chills, pale tongue with a thin,
channel-stroke) from
TANG • Ren Shen white coating, a deficient, floating pulse
invasion of Wind-Cold
e Fu Zi • In severe cases there is loss of consciousness (orga n-stroke).
• Rou Gui
• Bai Shao
• Huang Qin
• Gan Cao

• Zhi Cao Wu Sequelae of Wind-stroke

• Chronic pain, weakness, and numbness after wind-stroke
• Zhi Chuan Wu when Cold causes
(especially in the lower extremities) toget her with a white,
3. XIAO HUO LUO • Tian Nan Xing Damp, Ph legm, and
moist tongue coating
DAN • M o Yao Blood stasis to obstruct
• Also for pain (sometimes migrating) in the bones and joints
• Ru Xiang the channels and
from wind-cold-damp painful obstruction.
• Di Long Collaterals

e Bai Fu Zi Channel-stroke from • Facial paralysis, deviation of eyes and Mouth, facial muscle
4. QIAN ZHENG SAN e Jiang Can Wind-Phlegm with twitch
• Quan Xie head/face symptoms • For relatively superficia l disorders primarily in the collaterals.

e Bai Fu Zi
• Clenched jaw, lip spasms, deviation of the eyes, rigidity of
• Tian Nan Xing
Invasion of Wind and the entire body to the point of opisthotonos, a wiry, tight
• Qiang Huo
5. YU ZHEN SAN Toxin though a wound pulse
e Bai Zhi
or sore • his is a type of muscular tetany. The formula is also used for
• Fang Feng
post-traumatic pain.
• Tian Ma

• Muscle twitches of the extremities, rigidity th roughout body

• Quan Xie Heat entering Jue Yin including tetanic spasms, trismus, convulsions, opisthotonos
6. ZHI JING SAN
• Wu Gong (LV) channel • This is a type of muscular tetany. The formula is also used
for intractable pain.

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 635

• Huai Niu Xi
• Zhe Shi
• Long Gu
• Mu Li • Severe dizziness and vertigo, disorientation, sudden loss of
• Gui Ban consciousness, motor dysfunction of limbs and trunk or facial
7. ZHEN GAN XI • Xuan Shen
LV/KD Yin deficiency
paralysis, flushed face (as if intoxicated), a wiry, long, and
FENG TANG
• Tian Men Dong
with ascendant Liver
forceful pulse
• Bai Shao
Yang generating Wind
• This is a precursor to wind-stroke. The formula treats both
• Yin Chen Hao manifestation and root.
• Chuan Lian Zi
• Mai Ya
• Gan Cao

• Ling Yang Jiao

• Gou Teng
• Sang Ye
• Ju Hua
Heat from excess in LV
• Persistently high fever, irritability, dizziness, spasms of the
8. LING YANG GOU • Bai Shao
channel generating
extremities, convulsion and loss of consciousness, a deep-red,
TENG TANG
• Sheng Di Huang
internal Wind
dry, or burnt tongue with prickles, a wiry, rapid pulse

• Chuan Bei M u
• This is a form of tetanic collapse. The formula focuses on

• Zhu Ru
extinguishing wind and stopping spasms.

• Fu Shen
• Gan Cao

• Tian M a
• Gou Teng
• Shi Jue M ing
• Headache, dizziness, t innitus, blurred vision, sensation of heat
• Zhi Zi
rushing to the head, insomnia, numbness, spasms of the
• Huang Qin Ascendant LV Yang and
extremities and hemiplegia, impaired consciousness, red
9. TIAN MA GOU
TENG YIN • Vi Mu Cao internal movement of
tongue, a wiry, rapid pulse
• Ch uan Niu Xi LV Wind
• Focuses on calming the Liver and quieting the spirit.
• Du Zhong
Especially useful for hypertension.
• Sa ng Ji Sheng
• Ye Jiao Teng
• Fu Shen

• Zhi Gan Cao

• Sheng Di Huang
• Spasms, loss of consciousness, dizziness, feverish pa lms and
• Bai Shao
soles, a deep-red, dry tongue, a thin, rapid, and forcel ess
• Mai Men Dong Injury to the Yin in the
pulse
10. SAN JIA FU MAl
TANG • Huo Ma Ren later stages of a
• Also used for chronic yin deficiency and ascendant yang with
• E Jiao warm-febrile disease
dizziness, tinnitus, dry throat, a dry, glossy, peeled tongue,
• Mu Li
and a thin, wiry pulse.
• Bie Jia
• Gui Ban

• E Jiao
• Ji Zi Huang
• Sheng Di Huang
• Bai Shao
Internal Wind arising
• Rigid extremities, muscle twitches and spasms of the
11. E JIAO Jl Zl • Zhi Gan Cao
from Blood and Yin
extremities, dizziness, impaired consciousness, dry mouth and
HUANG TANG
• Gou Teng
deficiency
lips, deep-red tongue, a thin, rapid pulse
• Shi Jue Ming • Focuses on clearing heat and directing qi downward.
• Mu Li
• Fu Shen
• Luo Shi Teng

• Ji Zi Huang
• E Jiao
• Bai Shao
• Zhi Gan Cao
• Spasms of alternating flexion and extension of the extremities,
• Wu Wei Zi Severe injury to the Yin
dizziness, impaired consciousness, and/ or spasms, extreme
12. DA DING FENG
ZHU • Sheng Di Huang and fluids which causes
fatigue, deep-red tongue, a deficient or frail pulse
• Mai Men Dong internal Wind
• Focuses on enrich ing the yin and generating fluids.
• Huo Ma Ren
• Gui Ban
• Bie Jia
• Mu Li

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

636 FORMULAS

• Shu Di Huang
• Shan Zhu Yu
• Rou Cong Rang
• Bai Ji Tian
Waning of KD Yin and
•
• Fu Zi
Yang, upward-flaring of
Mute paraplegia with stiffness of the tongue, inability to
13. Dl HUANG YIN • Rou Gui
Fire from deficiency,
speak, disability or paralysis of the lower extremities, and a
Zl
• Shi Hu
and turbid Phlegm that
•
dry mouth with no desire to drink

• Mai Men Dong

blocks the orifices
Also used for Kidney deficiency without mute paraplegia .

• Shi Chang Pu
• Yuan Zhi
•• Fu Ling
We Wei Zi

CHAPTER 15. OPEN THE ORIFICES

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Niu Huang
• Xi Jiao
• She Xiang
• High fever, irritability, and restlessness, delirious speech,
• Huang Lian
Warm-febrile disease impaired consciousness, a red or deep-red tongue, a rapid,
• Huang Qin
sinking into PC with forceful pulse
1. AN GONG NIU
HUANG WAN • Zhi Zi
turbid Phlegm veiling • Also for closed-type wind-stroke or chi ldhood convulsions.
• Xiong Huang
the sensory orifices Focuses on clearing heat and relieving toxicity. Most cooling
• Bing Pian
of these formulas.
• Yu Jin
• Zhu Sha
• Zhen Zhu

• Xi Jiao
• Niu Huang
• High fever, irritability, and restlessness, delirious speech,
• Dai Mao
impaired consciousness, copious sputum with raspy breath ing,
• Bing Pian Heat sinking into PC
a foul, a red or deep-red tongue, greasy, and yellow tongue
2. ZHI SAO DAN • She Xiang creating confusion by
coating, slippery, rapid, forceful pulse
• An xi Xiang disturbing the spirit
• Focuses on clearing phlegm and aromatically opening the
• Zhu Shao
orifices . Least cooling of these formulas.
• Hu Po
• Xiong Huang

• Shi Gao
• Han Shi Shi
• Hua Shi
• Xi Jiao
• Ling Yang Jiao
• Shen Xiang
• Xuan Shen
Heat sinking into PC, • High fever, irritability, and restlessness, delirious speech,
• Sheng Ma
disturbing the spirit and
impaired consciousness, muscle spasms, convulsions, thirst,
3. Zl XUE DAN • Qing Mu Xiang
generating internal LV
parched lips, a red or deep-red tongue, a rapid, forceful pulse
• Chen Xiang
wind • Also for childhood convulsions and tetanic collapse. Focuses
• Ding Xiang on extinguishing wind.
• Zhu Shao
• Ci Shi
• Mang Xiao
• Xiao Shi
• Huang Jin
• Zhi Gan Cao

NCCAOM Formulas I Indica tions

 FORMULAS 637

• Niu Huang
• Tian Zhu Huang
• Chuan Bei Mu
• Dan Nan Xing
• She Xiang
• Gou Teng
• Quan Xie
• Tian Ma • High fever, irritability, and restlessness, delirious speech,
• Jiang Can impaired consciousness, night crying, wheezing, nausea,
4. HUI CHUN DAN • Zhu Sha Phlegm-Heat veiling the vomiting milk, impaired or complete loss of consciousness, a
sensory orifices red or deep-red tongue, a rapid, forcef ul pulse
• Da Huang
• Designed for childhood convulsions, but also for other
• Chen Pi
problems due to phlegm-heat in children, such as coughing.
• Ban Xia
• Bai Dou Kou
• Tian Xiang
• Mu Xiang
e Zhi Ke
• Chen Xiang
• Gan Cao

• Su He Xiang
• An Xi Xiang
• She Xiang
• Bing Pian
• Mu Xiang
• Tan Xiang • Sudden collapse, clenching of the jaw, loss of consciousness,
• Chen Xiang coma, fullness and pain in the chest and abdomen
5. SU HE XIANG Phlegm-Heat veiling the
• Ru Xiang • This is cold-type closed disorder. Also used for some forms of
WAN sensory orifices
• Ding Xiang severe sudden turmoi l disorders, or painfu l obstruction of the
• Xiang Fu chest.
e Bi Ba
• Xi Jiao
• Zhu Sha
• Bai Zhu
e He Zi

• Ban Xia
• Ju Hong
• Fu Ling
• Gan Cao • Stiff tongue, impaired speech, sudden colla pse, raspy sound in
Internal obstruction due
6. Dl TAN TANG e Zhi Shi throat, greasy tongue coating, slippery pulse
to excessive Phlegm
• Zhu Ru • Also for wheezing with copious sputum.
• Dan Nan Xing
• Shi Chang Pu
• Ren Shen

• Mania-withdrawal, palpitations with anxiety, insomnia, strange

dreams, sudden collapse, raspy sound in throat, constipation,
• Duan M eng Shi
a yellow, thick greasy tongue coating, a ra pid, slippery,
• Da Huang Heat excess and chronic
7. GUN TAN WAN forceful pulse
• Huang Qin Ph legm or Phlegm-Fire
• Used for a wide variety of complaints including coughing or
• Chen Xiang
wheezing with t hick sputum, painful obstruction of the chest,
and dizziness and vertigo.

Excess-type closed
disorder due to a sud- • Loss of consciousness, sudden collapse, clenched jaw, extreme
• Zao Jiao den attack of fierce difficulty in breathing, raspy sound in throat, a pale, ashen
8. TONG GUAN SAN e Xi Xin complexion, greasy tongue coating, slippery pulse
pathogenic inf luences •
For extreme emergencies only.
producing turbid Phlegm

CHAPTER 16. TREAT PHLEGM

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Ban Xia • Cough with sputum that is easy to expectorate, focal

• Ju Hong distention and a stifling sensation in the chest, nausea or
1. ER CHEN TANG • Fu Ling Damp and Phlegm due vom iting, swollen, slippery or greasy tongue coating, slippery
• Zhi Gan Cao to SP deficiency or wiry pulse
• Sheng Jiang
• The foundation for many formulas that treat phlegm.
• Wu Mei
• Now used for a w ide variety of problems.

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

638 FORMULAS

• Xiang Fu
• Xuan Fu Hua • Cough with sputum that is easy to expectorate,
e Su Zi Damp and Water Hypochondriac pain, afternoon fevers without chills or
2. XIANG FU XUAN • Chen Pi stagnating in collaterals alternating chills and fever, thickly-coated tongue with swollen
HUAWAN edges, slippery or wiry pulse
• Ban Xia of LV
• Fu Ling • Often occurs as a result of a damp warm-febrile disease.
e Vi Vi Ren

• Zhu Ru
e Zhi Shi • Focal distention in the chest, dizziness, vertigo, insomnia,
• Ban Xia palpitations, bitter taste in the mouth, phobias or anxiety,
• Chen Pi GB and ST disharmony indeterminate gnawing hunger, slight thirst, a greasy, yellow
3. WEN OAN TANG with Phlegm-Heat tongue coating, a slippery, rapid pulse
• Fu Ling
• Gan Cao • Used for a wide variety of disorders including damp-heat in
• Sheng Jiang the Triple Burner.
• Da Zao

• Dan Nan Xing

• Huang Qin
• Gua Lou Ren • Sensation of fullness in the chest, nausea, bitter taste in the
4. QING Ql HUA e Zhi Shi Internal clumping of
mouth, coughing of yellow, viscous sputum, a greasy, yellow
TAN WAN • Chen Pi Phlegm-Heat
tongue coating, a slippery, rapid pulse
• Fu Ling
• Ban Xia
• Xing Ren
• Focal distention in the chest and epigastrium that is painful
• Gua Lou when pressed, bitter taste in the mouth, coughing of yellow,
5 • XIAO XIAN XIONG • Huang Qin Clumping in the chest viscous sputum, constipation; a greasy, yellow tongue coating,
TANG
• Jiang Ban Xia perhaps a floating, slippery, rapid pulse
• Used for a wide variety of problems.

• Chuan Bei Mu
• Gua Lou
• Cough with deep-seated sputum that is difficult to
6. BEl MU GUA lOU e Tian Hua Fen
Dry-Phlegm expectorate, a dry, sore throat, a red, dry tongue with little
SAN • Fu Ling
coating, a rapid, thin, but strong pulse
• Ju Hong
• lie Geng

• Zhe Bei Mu • Firm, rubbery nodules, dry mouth and throat, red tongue, a
Nodular masses on the
7. XIAO LUO WAN • Mu Li rapid pulse that is slippery and/or wiry
neck from Phlegm-Fire
• Xuan Shen • Also used for similar masses in the axillae or inguinal regions.

• Hai Zao
• Kun Bu
• Hai Dai
• Zhe Bei Mu
• Ban Xia
Goiter due to stag. of • Very hard mass that progressively enlarges, a thin, greasy
8. HAl ZAO YU HU e Du Huo
Damp, Phlegm, Qi and tongue coating, a wiry, slippery pulse
TANG • Chuan Xiong
Blood • Also for superficial tumors in other parts of the body.
• Dang Gui
• Qing Pi
• Chen Pi
• Lian Qiao
• Gan Cao

• Fu Ling • Cough with copious sputum, fullness in the chest and

9. LING GUI ZHU e Gui Zhi Congested fluids in the hypochondria, palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness
GAN TANG • Bai Zhu epigastrium and/or vertigo, a pale, swollen tongue, a white, slippery
• Zhi Gan Cao tongue coating, a wiry or soggy pulse

• Gan Jiang
• Cough with copious sputum, discomfort in the chest and
10. UNG GAN WU e Xi Xin Cold congested fluids
diaphragm, a white, slippery tongue coating, wiry and slippery
WEI JIANG XIN • Fu Ling from deficient Yang and
pulse
TANG e Wu Wei Zi ascendant Yin
• Coughing is the primary symptom.
• Gan Cao

• Wheezing, focal distention in the chest, loss of appetite,

• Bai lie Zi
11. SAN Zl YANG Cold LU with food digestive difficulty, a white, greasy tongue coating, slippery
QINTANG
e Su Zi
pulse
stagnation
e Lai Fu Zi
• Commonly used in the elderly.

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 FORMULAS 639

• Zi Wan
• Bai Qian
•
• Bai Bu Coughing, itchy throat, perhaps slight chills and fever, a thin,
12. ZHI SOU SAN
• Jie Geng Wind attacking LU
•
white tongue coating, a moderate, floating pulse

• Chen Pi With modification, can be used in treating a wide variety of

• Jing Jie
coughs .

• Gan Cao

• Ban Xia
• Tian Ma
• Bai Zhu
• Dizziness, vertigo, headache, nausea and/or vomiting, stifling
13. BAN XIA BAI
ZHU TIAN MA • Ju Hong Upward disturbance of sensation in the chest, a white, greasy tongue coating, a wiry,
TANG • Fu Ling Wind-Phlegm slippery pulse
• Sheng Jiang
• Dizziness or vertigo is the primary complaint .
• Da Zao
• Gan Cao

• Zhu Li
• Dan Nan Xing
• Chuan Bei Mu
• Jiang Ban Xi a
• Fu Ling
• Chen Pi
• Ginger Juice
• Recurrent vertigo, weakness, and a stifling sensation in the
• Tian Ma
Phlegm and LV Wind
chest followed by a sudden loss or clouding of consciousness
14. DING XIAN WAN • Quan Xie
leading to seizure
with falling down, upward-rolling of the eyes, and in severe
• Jiang Can
disorder
cases, tonic-clon ic convulsions; a white, greasy tongue coating,
• Mai Men Dong a wiry, slippery pulse
• Dan Shen
• Also used for mania-w ithdrawal.
• Fu Shen
• Ju Po
• Zhu Sha
• Shi Chang Pu
• Yuan Zhi
• Gan Cao

Phlegm clogging up the

• Firm areas of focal distention in the chest, vexation, difficulty

15. GUA Dl SAN • Gua Di chest/diaphragm, or in breathing due to sensation of qi rushing into the throat,
• Chi Xiao Dou food retention lodging slightly floating pulse at the distal position
in upper epigastrium • Also for stages of food poisoning .

CHAPTER 17. REDUCE FOOD STAGNATION

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• Shan Zha
•• Shen Qu
Lai Fu Zi
• Abdominal distention with occasional pain, rotten-smelling

1. BAO HE WAN • Ban Xia Acute, relatively mild belching, acid regurgitation, nausea and vomiting, reduced
• Chen Pi Conditions appetite, slippery pulse, a yellow, greasy tongue coating
• Fu Ling • Does not address any underlying disorder.
• Lian Qiao
• M ai Ya

• Mu Xiang
• Bing Lang
• Da Huang
• Qian Niu Zi
• Generalized abdom inal distention, fullness, and pain
• Qing Pi
Severe stagnation and
accompanied by constipation or red-and-wh ite dysenteric
2. MU XIANG BING
LANG WAN • Chen Pi
accumulation
diarrhea with tenesmus, reduced appetite, excessive pulse,
• Chao Xiang Fu yellow, greasy tongue coating
• E Zhu • Strongest in attacki ng and purging accumulation .
• Huang Lian
• Huang Bai
• Sheng Jiang

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

640 FORMULAS

• Chao Bai Zhu

• Fu Ling
• Ren Shen
• Shan Yao
• Rou Dou Kuo
• Shan Zha
Relatively severe SP • foca l distention, abdominal distention and/or fullness, reduced
3. JIAN PI WAN • Chao Shen Qu
deficiency and the appetite or aversion to food, loose and wat ery diarrhea, a
• Chao Mai Ya
begin nings of Heat greasy, slightly yel low tongue coating, a deficient, frail pulse
• M u Xiang
• Chen Pi
• Sha Ren
• Jiu Chao Huang
Lian
• Gan Cao

• Bai Zhu • Focal distention, abdominal distention and/or fullness, reduced

4. ZHI ZHU WAN • Zhi Shi SP and ST Deficiency appetite or aversion to food, white tongue coating, deficient

• He Ye pulse

• Zh i Shi
• Zhi Hou Po
• Huang Lian
• Ban Xia
Cold-Heat complex due • Distention in upper epigastrium, lack of thirst or appetite,
5. ZHI SHI XIAO PI • Ren Shen
to Qi stagnation and wan complexion, fatigue and weakness, irregular bowel
WAN
• Bai Zhu
deficient SP Qi movements, wiry pulse at the right, middle position
• Fu Li ng
• M ai Ya
• Gan Jiang
• Zhi Gan Cao

CHAPTER 18. EXPEL PARASITES

FORMULA INGREDIENTS DIAGNOSIS INDICATIONS

• W u Mei
• Chuan Jiao
• Xi Xin
• Huang Lian
• Sudden attacks of abdominal pain and vomiting after eating

1. WU MEl WAN • Huang Bai Collapse from due to roundworm infestation, cold hands and feet
• Gan Jiang roundworms
• Also useful for chronic diarrhea or dysenteric disorders with a
• Fu Zi mixture of heat and cold, and a weakened normal qi.
• Gui Zhi
• Ren Shen
• Dan Gui

• He Shi
• Ku Lian Gen Pi
• Intermittent attacks of abdominal pain that moves around and
2. HUA CHONG • Bing Lang
Intestinal parasites
is worse in the periumbilical region
WAN
• Qian Dan
• Contains a concentrated number of strong antiparasite pills
• Ming Fan which are useful in treating a wide variety of parasites .
• Wheat Dough

• Shi Jun Zi
• Bing Lang
• Huang Lian
Childhood nutritional • Sa llow complexion, distended abdomen, intermittent attacks of

3. FEI ER WAN • Rou Dou Kou

impairment from
abdominal pain, indigestion, emaciation, loose stools,
• Mu Xiang
parasitic infestation
feverishness, fou l-smelling breath
• Chao Mai Ya
• Used mainly for excessive condit ions.
• Chao Shen Qu
• Pig Gall

• Wu Ji
• Shi Jun Zi
• Lu Hui
Childhood nutritional • Sallow complexion, distended abdomen, emaciated limbs,

4. BUDAI WAN • Ye Ming Sha

impairment from
feverishness, dry and coarse hair, dull eyes, pale tongue, f rail
• Ren Shen
parasitic infestation
pulse
• Bai Zhu • Used mainly for deficient conditions.
• Fu Ling
• Gan Cao

NCCAOM Formulas I Indications

 CHAPTER6

Western Medicine
ggu
 BIOMEDICINE 643

INDEX
SUBJECTS PAGE

LOOKING FOR DISEASE

[!] FUNCTIONAL GROUPING OF THE 11 BODY SYSTEMS 644
[!] VITAL SIGNS 644
[!] IMAGING TECHNIQUES 644
[!] INFLUENCE OF PATHOLOGY ON LAB VALUE 645
[!] ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES 646
BODY AND DISEASE

1 CANCER
e EARLY WARNING SIGNS OF CANCER
647
e MOST COMMON PRIMARY SITES OF METASTATIC TUMORS

••
BACTERIAL MENINGITIS
2 INFECTIONS 648
ARTHRITIC CHANGES
3 INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM e INTEGUMENTARY PATHOLOGY 648

4
MUSCULO-SKELECTAL •• SKELECTAL PATHOLOGY
ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLE 649
SYSTEM
• TOS vs. CTS

•••
NERVOUS SYSTEM
CRANIAL NERVE
SYMPATHETIC vs . PARASYMPATHETIC
5
NERVOUS SYSTEM &
MENTAL FUNCTION
•• DERMATOMES
PARKINSON'S DISEASE
650

•• MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
HEADACHE
•e EATING DISORDERS
GLAND AND HORMONE

6
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM & •• PATHOLOGY OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
HYPERTHYROISISM VS. HYPOTHYROIDISM 653
METABOLISM
•• DIABETES MELLITUS
ABNORMAL BLOOD GLUCOSE

7 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
•• BLOOD PRESSURE
HYPERTENSION 655
• CHOLESTEROL

•••
BLOOD
LEUKOCYTES
ANEMIA

•••
BLOOD, LYMPHATIC AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN IMMUNE RESPONSE 656
8 IMMUNE SYSTEM HIV & AIDS
LYMPHOMA VS. NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA
•• SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES

•• BOWEL CHANGES
BOWEL PATHOLOGY

9 DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
•• APPENDICITIS
ULCERS 658
•• HEPATITIS
ALT & AST
• QUARDRANTS

10 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM •• PULMONARY VOLUMES

COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
659

•••
KIDNEY STONES
11 URINARY SYSTEM CREATININE TEST 660
ACIDOSIS vs. ALKALOSIS

12 REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
•• ECTOPI C PREGNANCY
ENDOMETRIOSIS 661

13 EMERGENCY
•e STD (Sexually Transmitted Diseases)
EMERGENCY DISEASES (Selected) 661
TREATING DISEASE

••
SOURCE AND FUNCTION
[!] VITAMINS 663
VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES

•e PHARMACOLOGY
CLASSES OF DRUGS
[!]
e TOP 50 PRESCRIPTION DRUGS (BY SALES)
665
DRUG TREATMENT
•• HERB-DRUG INTERACTIONS
ADVERSE REACTIONS OF DRUGS
• DRUGS TO KNOW FOR EXAMS

Index
644 BIOMEDICINE

LOOKING r:oa DISEASE

FUNCTIONAL GROUPING OF THE 11 BODY SYSTEMS
GENERAL BODY FUNCTION BODY SYSTEM MODE OF ACTION
Cardiovascular Blood/vessels

CONNECTING SYSTEMS Lymphatic Lymph/vessels

Nervous Nerve impulses
Digestive Food, water
MOVEMENT OF MATTER IN 02, C02
Respiratory
AND OUT
Excretory Wastes
Endocrine Hormones
CONTROL OF THE BODY
Nervous Nerve impulses
Skeletal Bones
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
Muscular Muscles
Integumentary Barrier
PROTECTION
Lymphatic Immunity
CONTINUITY OF THE SPECIES Reproductive Procreation

VITAL SIGNS
··:·· Normal Vallles Ac:ross the lifespan I

Infant Child Adolescent

Adult & 1' ... signs ..j;. vital signs
Elderly
• Infection, exercise, 1'blood sugar • ,J...H&H (hemoglobin&hematocrit),
T 98.2° 98.6° 98.6° 98.6° narcotics, ,J... blood sugar, aging
• Infection, ,J...H&H, CHF, 1'blood • Narcotics, acute Ml, 1'K•, beta
sugar, COPD, fever, ,J...fluid volume, blockers
HR 80-180 75-140 50-100 60-100 anxiety, anemia, pain, ,J...K•,
exercise
• Infection, ,J...H&H, pain, 1'blood • Narcotics
RR 30-50 20-40 15-22 10-20 sugar, anxiety, acute Ml, asthma,
exercise

SIP 73 90 115 < 130 • CAD, anxiety, pain, exercise (SBP • ,J... H&H, ,J... K•, narcotics, acute Ml,
only) cardiac meds, anemia
DIP 55 57 70 < 85 • Renal disease, steroids, 1'caffeine

IMAGING TECHNIQUES
X-rays are especially useful in the detection of pathology of the skeletal system, but are also useful for
X-RAY
detecting some disease processes in soft tissue.

ULTRA Medical sonography (ultrasonography) is an ultrasound-based diagnostic medical imaging technique used to
SOUND visualize muscles, tendons, and many internal or~ans, their size, structure and any pathological lesions.

Computed tomography (CT) is a medical imaging method employing tomography where digital geometry
CT SCAN processing is used to generate a three-dimensional image of the internals of an object from a large series of
two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive method used to render images of the inside of an
MRI object. Primarily used in medical imaging to demonstrate pathological or other physiological alterations of
living tissues.

Looking For Disease I Body Systems

 BIOMEDICINE 645

INFLUENCE OF PATHOLOGY ON LAB VALUE

TEST 1lt
RBC
(Red Blood Cell)
•••
Polycythemia
Renal disease
Pulmonary disease
••
•
Anemia
Hodgkin's leukemia
Sickle cell disease
'
• CV disease
•• Dehydration
Shock
•• Anemia
Leukemia
HCT & HGB
••
•••
(Hematocrit & Hemoglobin) COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) Hyperthyroidism
CHF (Congestive Heart Failure) Cirrhosis
• Polycythemia Massive trauma
••
•••
Acute infection Bone marrow problem
Neoplasm Immunity problem
WBC • Leukemia Iron deficiency, ETOH (ethanol)

•••
(White Blood Cell) Metastasis
Viral infection, AIDS
Chemotherapy
•• Kidney pathology
RA, lupus
•• CHF
Low plasma protein
ESR
(Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)
•• Thyroid disease
Multiple myeloma
•• Polycythemia
Sickle cell
•• Inflammation
Pregnancy

Iron
•
•
Acute hepatitis
Nephrosis
•• Anemia
Lupus, RA (Rhumatoid Arthritis)
•• Hypothyroidism
3rd trimester (pregnancy)
•• Kidney pathology
Gl bleed
•• Pregnancy
Malnutrition
BUN
(Blood Urea Nitrogen)
•• Heart failure
High-protein diet
•• Liver pathology
Acromegaly
•• Dehydration
Steroid use
Creatinine • Kidney pathology, hyperthyroidism
••
Loss of muscle mass
Aging
•• Gout
Arthritis
•• Chronic kidney disease
Low thyroid
Uric acid
• Kidney stones/disease
••
Toxemia
ETOH

CPK •• Ml
ETOH
(Creatine Phosphokinase)
• Skeletal muscle disease

LDH •• Ml, pulmonary infarct

Anemia, leukemia
•• Malnutrition
Hypoglycemia
(Lactate Dehydrogenase)
• Malignancy

GGT (Gamma-Giutamyl •• Liver pathology

Cardiac muscle damage
•• Malnutrition
Vit B deficiency
Transpeptidase), AST (=SGOT,
Aspartate Aminotransferase), AlT •• ETOH
Muscle injury, Muscular dystrophy
•• Pregnancy
Hypothalamism
(=SGPT, Alanine Aminotransferase)
• Neoplasm • Hypothyroidism
•• Growing children
Pregnancy
•• Hypophosphatasia(genetic condition)
Hypoadrenia
Alkaline phosphatase
•• Bone/liver pathology
Gallstones
• Malnutrition

LDL
•• Atherosclerosis
CH D (Coronary Heart Disease)
•• Depression, anxiety
Violent behaviors, suicide

. • Hemorrhagic stroke

•• Vigorou s exercise
Insulin
•• Starvation
Obesity, hypothyroidism
HDL
• Estrogens •• Smoking
DM (Diabetes M ellitus), liver disease

••• ••
Hyperthyroidi sm Hypothyroidism
T4 Pregnancy Pituitary Sx
Birth control pill

Looking For Disease I Lab Value

646 BIOMEDICINE

ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES
~;;fc

•• Ketoacidosis
Diuretic use
··.··•···.·.·.

•••
••••••
H/A, confusion
Df'•!ff";•rrr•

Weakness, lethargy
••
. ifl/ . ;,:.
Excess sweating
Hypothalamic
•• •
'!'Thirst; oliguria
Dry, flush skin
Na• •• Kidney disease
CHF
Nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea
•• Diabetes
Hyperadrenalism
•• CNS-agitation
,J,DTRs & BP
• Vomiting/diarrhea •• Tachycardia
Weak,~ pulse

•• Vomiting, diarrhea
Diuretic use
• Muscle cramps,
weakness
•• Diabetes
Adrenal insufficiency
• Muscle cramps,
weakness
K+ • Corticosteroid use •• Arrhythmia
Vomiting
• Urinary obstruction • Nausea, diarrhea, Gl
distress

•
• SOB
'!'Thirst, polyuria
• ECG changes

•••
Vitamin D deficiency
Kidney disease
•••
Paresthesia
Muscle cramps
•• Hyperparathy-roidism
Metastatic CA
• Muscle weakness;
ataxia

ca++
Hypoparathyroidism
•• (+)
1' DTRs (Deep Tendon Reflexes)
Slow mental processing
• Multiple myeloma
•• Deep bone pain
HTN (Hypertension)

• (+)
Chvostek test
Trousseau test •• Renal dysfunction
AV block on ECG
• Nausea, vomiting,
constipation
•• Hyperparathyroidism
Dietary
• Intention tremor,
ataxia
•• Hypoparathy-roidism
Hyperthyroidism
•• 1'BP
'!'Cardiac work
p •• Paresthesia
,J,DTRs
• Kidney disease
• Risk of ,J,bone mineral
density
•• Muscle weakness
Joint stiffness
• Bleeding disorder
•• Dietary
DM • Athetoid/choreiform
mov'ts • Dietary
•• Diarrhea
Nausea

Mg++
• ETOH
•• {+) Babinski sign
Nystagmus
•• ((+)+) Chvostek test
Trousseau test
• HTN, tachycardia
(arrhythmia)

Looking For Disease I Electrolyte Imbalances

 BIOMEDICINE 647

BODY AND DISEASE

CANCER

EARLY WARNING SIGNS OF CANCER

c Changes in bowel & bladder
A A sore that fails to heal in 6 weeks
u Unusual bleeding or discharge
T Thickening/lump (breast or elsewhere)
I Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
0 Obvious change in wart or mole

•
•
A=Asymmetric shape
B=Border irregularities
• (=Color-pigmentation not uniform

N
• D=Diameter ) 6mm
Nagging cough or hoarseness (rust-colored sputum)
+ Change in DTRs
+ Proximal muscle weakness
+ Night pain
+ Pathologic fracture
> 4S years old

MOST COMMON PRIMARY SITES OF METASTATIC TUMORS

LUNG PROSTATE RENAL BREAST COLON
20-SO yrs old &
> 60 yrs old > SO yrs old SS-60 yrs old > SO yrs old
>6S yrs old

•• Smoker
Shoulder, chest &
•• L/S(Lumbar Sacral) pain
Frequent urination
•• Hematuria
Weight loss •••
Nipple discharge
Dimpling of breast
•• Abdominal pain
L/S pain
C-spine pain
•• TOS symptoms
•• Weak urine stream
Difficulty starting
•• Malaise
Fever
Palpable mass • Change in bowel
habits
Chronic cough urination • Palpable posterior •• Bloody stools

••• Weight
Bloody sputum lateral abdominal Malaise

••
loss mass Weight loss
Malaise Pain unaffected by
•• Fever
Dyspnea
position

• Wheezing

Body & Disease I Cancer

648 BIOMEDICINE

INFECTIONS

BACTERIAL MENINGITIS
INFANT ADULT
Fever H/A, fever, chills
Lethargy (hypotonia) Photophobia
Poor feeding Vomiting, nausea
Vomiting URI symptoms
Respiratory distress Seizures in 20-30% of cases
Apnea Confusion
Cyanosis (+) Kernig sign = hip flexed to go•, pain with knee extension
Paradoxic irritability (quiet when stationary & cries when held) (+) Brudzinski sign = supine neck flexion reproduces pain
Seizures in 30-40% of cases Stiff neck
"" Medical emergency (Esp. in children) Sleepiness

ARTHRITIC CHANGES
OA (Osteoarthritis) RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis) GOUT
•• Asymmetrical involvement
Large weight-bearing joints
•• Symmetrical joint swelling
Small joints: hands, feet, wrist
•• Affects only a few joints
Most common= 1st MTP, knee, wrist
•• Loss of joint surface integrity
Formation of osteophytes
•• Erythema & fever
Intense pain after rest
•• Abrupt onset of severe pain
Uric acid crystals in synovial fluid
•• Intra-articular loose bodies
Soft tissue contractu res
•• Weight loss, nutritional deficiencies
Loss of stamina & weakness
•• "!'Frequency with 1'age
Males > females
•• -l,ROM !Range Of Motion)
Stiffness after activity
•• 1' Proteolytic enzymes
Enlarged spleen
•• Usually begins @ night
DRUG : Allopurinol, etc .
• Deep ache
•• Lymphadenopathy
Heart & lung pathology

•••
Joint subluxations
Vasculitis
Rheumatoid nodules

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

INTEGUMENTARY PATHOLOGY
CONTACT • The rash itself is not contagious, & fluid in blisters does not spread rash. Poison ivy dermatitis appears 4
hours to 10 days after exposure, depending on individual sensitivity & the amount of exposure.
DERMATITIS,
POISON IVY
• The rash is self-limited; & will clear up without treatment. Letting nature take its course with mild poison
ivy dermatitis is reasonable, but severe rashes need treatment to ease the misery & disability they cause.
First time with a rash takes longer to clear up than a repeat attack (3-4 weeks)
•• Peak prevalence is in preschool children
Contagious via direct contact with infected area
IMPETIGO-BACTERIAL •• Usually occurs around nose & mouth
Characterized by thin-walled blisters that burst, rupture, ooze fluid, & develop a yellow-crusted lesion
• Scratching can spread infection
•• Fungal infection
Contagious via skin contact with infected person/pet or with an object the infected person touched

RINGWORM
•• Rash appears 4-14 days after contact
Ring-sized blotch (1/2-1" diameter)
•• Scaly with clear center
May be itchy
• Body builds a natural immunity in 15 weeks, but antifungal cream resolves rash faster.

•••
Benign cutaneous tumors 2• HPV
VIRAL WARTS Primary locations = hands, feet, face, genitals
Dome-shaped nodules with dark spots (thrombosed capillaries)

HERPES SIMPLEX
•• Common vesicular eruptions that are highly contagious & spread by direct contact
Vesicles are painful & t he mucous membranes erode quickly
• Other symptoms = fever, malaise, swollen lymph nodes (not to be confused w ith impetigo)

•••
Onset can be within minutes or over a few days
Erythema, vesicles, papules, pruritus, blisters, crusting
LATEX ALLERGY Hives (urticarial, faintness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, rhinoconjunctivitis, bronchospasm,
anaphylactic shock

Body & Disease /Infections, Integumentary System

 BIOMEDICINE 649

MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

MUSCULOSKELECTAL PATHOLOGY

OSTEOPOROSIS SYSTEMIC CAUSES OF

CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME FIBROMYALGIA SYNDROME

•• Severe & localized T-L-spine pain

'i'Pain with prolonged posture
•• DM
Hormonal imbalance
•• Widespread pain for > 3 months
Myalgia & AM stiffness
•• 'i'Pain with Valsalva
..J.,Pain in hook-lying
•• Pregnancy
Gout
• Fatigue & sleep disturbance 2•-.J.,
GH released @ night
•• Loss of ht > 1"
Kyphosis
•• Graves' disease (hyperthyroidism)
Hyperparathyroidism
•• Soft tissue swelling
Headache, dyspnea, dizziness

•••
• Dowager's hump Hypothyroidism
Liver disease
•• Hypersensitivity to light
Dry eyes & mouth

•
Oral contraceptives
Obesity
• Presence of 11 of 18 tender points

ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLE

With (Upper Extremity) UE back in maximal extension & IR (Internal Rotation), palpate from the
SUPRASPINATUS
supraspinatus fossa to the tendon anterior to AC (Acromioclavicular) joint

In prone on elbows position, palpate posterior-lateral of acromion (just inferior to inferior angle of
INFRASPINATUS
acromion)

In side-lying, maneuver the relaxed UE to allow you to slide your thumb under the axillary/lateral
SUBSCAPULARIS
border of the scapula

TERES MINOR In prone on elbows position, palpate just inferior to infraspinatus

TOS vs. CTS

THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
~

~
• results from compression of any one of many sites 2" postural
or muscular imbalances or osseous anomalies.
•• an overuse injury related to repetitive trauma
occurs in ~ > cJ
:t
....00
• May be due to vaxcular (only 5-10%) or neural compression;
locations of compression include sternocostovertebral space,
• may occur during pregnancy

scalene t riangle, costoclavicular space & coracopectoral space

"'-< • most common in middle-aged women or after surgery

•• Awakened
Kyphotic posture
@
& forward head
night with pins
& needles in hand
•• Thenar atrophy but no swelling or trophic changes
Nighttime numbness of hand (median nerve pattern)
VI •• Poorly localized aching pain
Pain with carrying heavy objects
• Thumb weakness & loss of opposition/abduction -
specifically APB (beware of substitution of APL,

"
z
VI

1!0
• military
(+) Tests: ULNT (Upper limb Neurodynamic Test), Adson's, Wright's,

•• APDBPx-ray
brace,
& Allen's
> 20 mm Hg difference between arms
••
innervated by the radial nerve)
(+) Tests: Phalen's, reverse Phalen's, ULNT & Tinel's sign
(- ) TOS
VI
-<
~ •• EMG
needed to rule out cervical rib (very rare)
results are controversial
• Normal pulses (medial & ulnar arteries do not pass
through tunnel)
~ Need to r/o CTS, radiculopathy, pronator syndrome •• Sensation of palm is spared
Need to rule out C-spine problem
• Confirmed with CT or MRI

Body & Disease I Musculo-Skeletal System

650 BIOMEDICINE

NERVOUS SYSTEM & MENTAL FUNCTION

NERVOUS SYSTEM
CNS PNS

I Autonomic Nerves
Brain I Spinal Cord Cranial Nerve
I
Spinal Nerves
I Parasympathetic 1 Sympathetic

CRANIAL NERVE
CRANIAL NERVE S/M FUNCTION TEST

I Olfactory s Smell Identify odors with eyes closed

II Optic s Vision Test peripheral vision with one eye covered

ill Oculomotor M Eye movement & pupillary reaction Peripheral vision, eye chart, reaction to light

IV Trochlear M Eye movement Test ability to depress & adduct eye

v Trigeminal Both Face sensation & mastication Face sensation & clench teeth

VI Abducens M Eye movement Test ability to abduct eye past midline

vn Facial Both Facial muscles & taste Close eyes & smile; detect various tastes - sweet, sour, salty, bitter
vm Vestibulocochlear s Hearing & ba lance Hearing; balance-feet together, eyes open/closedxSsec; test for past-pointing
IX Glossopharyngeal Both Swallow, voice, gag reflex Swallow & say "ahh"
X Vagus Both Swallow, voice, gag reflex Use tongue depressor to elicit gag reflex

XI Accessory M SCM & trapezius Rotate/SB neck; shrug shoulders

xn Hypoglossal M Tongue movement Protrude tongue (watch for lateral deviation)

Mnemonic to Remember Names of the Cranial Nerves

••
On Old Olympus' Towering Top, A Finn And German Vaulted And Hopped
The BOLDED letters stand for Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducens, Facial, Auditory,
Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, and Hypoglossa l

Mnemonic to Remember Whether Nerve is Sensory, Motor, or Both

• Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Bad Business M arrying Money

SYMPATHETIC vs. PARASYMPATHETIC

SYMPATHETIC {Adrenergic) PARASYMPATHETIC (muscarinic)

Cardiac Output increase decrease

pupil of eye relaxes contracts

Smooth muscle of Gl tract relaxes contracts

Glands of Gl tract inhibits secretes

Bladder wall relaxes contracts

Ureter contracts relaxes

Genitalia contracts erection

Body & Disease I Nervous System

 BIOMEDICINE 651

DERMATOMES

C6Thumb

C8Ring and
little Fingers
Inguinal

LS Anterior ankle

DERMATOMES = Relationship between the spinal nerve & skin

PARKINSON'S DISEASE

•••
Primary onset = 5th - 6th decade
Affects > 1 in 100 pj:ople Olj~r. the age of 75 yrs
Expect 1.5 million people living with PD in USA by 2020

PRIMARY SIGNS & SYMPTOMS SECONDARY SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

•••
Vague unilateral weakness
Muscular rigidity
•• Dementia
Vital capacity declines

••
Resting tremor (pill rolling)
Bradykinesia -7 akinesia
•• Poorly localized pain
Paresthesia

•
Cogwheel rigidity
Impaired postural reflexes (loss of balance): disturbance of
•• .J,Autonomic control
Sweating

••
spatial organization, dependence on visual input for balance
Tight facial appearance (parkinsonian mask)
•• Drooling (sialorrhea) due to abnormal swallow
Loss of volume & emotion in voice

••
Cognitive decline
Depression/panic attacks
•• Reduced libido
Inability to stay asleep
Gait abnormalities: .J,step length & arm swing, festination of
gait (inability to stop)
• Micrographia (handwriting becomes small)

Body & Disease I Nervous System

652 BIOMEDICINE

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

•• Onset: 13-35 yo; women > men by 2:1

Disease of temperate climates - highest incidence = born in latitudes of 40-45·. Possible genetic risk .
• Most common location of early lesions are sensory (numbness), pyramidal (LE weakness), cerebellar (double vision, vertigo), &
visual pathways (blurred vision, loss of vision in one eye).
•• Sclerotic plaques disseminate through the brain & spinal cord .
Presentation is highly variable. The number of exacerbations per year is directly related to the progression of the disease. The
younger the onset, the better the prognosis.
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Intermittent unilateral visual impairment (Blurring, Diplopia) Reports a sensation of compression around a limb
Paresthesias Hyper-reflexia
Ataxia (+) Babinski
Vertigo Dysmetria
Fatigue Lhermitte's sign= electric sensation down back with neck flexion
Extremity weakness Sensitivity to temperature changes
Box & Block test score changes LBP 2• trunk hypotonia
'
MS CLASSIFICATION ';,;,,,,,,,,,, ,,,

TYPE MANIFESTATION
Relapsing Remitting Episode followed by recovery
Secondary Progressive Steadily progressive pattern
Primary Progressive Steady decline from onset
Progressive Relapsing Progressive disease with exacerbation

HEADACHE
TYPE OF''PAIN POSSIBLE ETIOLOGY '

Acute Trauma, infection, impending CVA

Chronic Eye strain, ETOH, inadequate ventilation
Severe & intense Meningitis, aneurysm, brain tumor
Throbbing/pulsating Migraine, fever, hypertension, aortic insufficiency
Constant Muscle contraction/guarding
AM pain Sinusitis (with discharge), ETOH, hypertension, sleeping position
Afternoon pain Eye strain, muscle tension
Night pain Intracranial disease, nephritis
Forehead Sinusitis, nephritis
Temporal Eye or ear Sx, migraine
Occipital Herniated disk, eye strain, hypertension
Parietal Meningitis, constipation, tumor
Face Sinusitis, trigeminal neuralgia, dental Sx, tumor
Stabbing pain With ear fullness, tinnitus, vertigo = otitis media
Severe pain With fever, (+) Kernig's sign = meningitis
Severe, sudden pain With 1'BP = subarachnoid hemorrhage
Intermittent pain with fluctuating consciousness = subdural hematoma

EATING DISORDERS
ANOREXIA BUUMIA
•• •••
Under minimal body weight Binge eating
Fear of being fat Self-induced vomiting

•••
Frequent starving Laxatives, diuretics
Depressed
Social withdrawal
•• Excessive exercise
Overeating alternating with period of starvation
•• Insomnia
1'Cortisol, serotonin, GH, corticotropin-releasing factor
•• Fear of fatness
May be obese
•• ,J...LH, FSH, TSH
Bradycardia
•• Erosion of dental enamel
Seizures
•• Hypotension
Arrhythmias
•• Weakness & fatigue
Lab-metabolic acidosis, ,J...amylase, hypokalemia,
•• Dry skin, dental caries, anemia, osteoporosis
Lab-hypolalemia, 1'BUN, metabolic alkalosis
hypomagnesia

Body & Disease I Nervous system

 BIOMEDICINE 653

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM & METABOLISM

GLAND AND HORMONE

GLAND HORMONE TARGET TISSUE PRINCIPLE ACTIONS

Releasing and inhibiting Anterior lobe of

HYPOTHALAMUS Stimulates or inhibits secretion of specific hormones
hormones pituitary gland

GH (growth hormones) Most tissues in the

body Stimulates growth by promoting prote in synthesis

TSH (Thyroid-stimulating Increases secretion of thyroid hormone: increase the size of

hormone) Thyroid gland
the thyroid gland

ACTH (Ad renocorticotropic Increases secretion of adrenocortical hormones, especially

Adrenal cortex
hormone) glucocorticoids such as cortisol
ANTERIOR LOBE OF
PITUITARY Ovarian follicles in
FSH (Follicle-stim ulating the ( <.;? ); Follicle menstruation and estrogen secretion in the ( <.;? );
hormone) seminiferous tubules spermatogenesis in the ( d')
of testis in ( d')

LH (Luteinizing hormone);
Ovary in ( <.;? ), testis Ovulation; progesterone production in ( <.;? ); testosterone
ICSH(Interst it ial cell-stimulating
in (d') production in ( d')
hormone in (d' )

Prolactin Mammary gland Stimulates milk production

ADH (Ant idiuretic hormone) Kidney Increases water reabsorption (decreases water lost in urine)
POSTERIOR LOBE
OF PITUITARY Uterus: Mammary Increases uterine contractions; stimulates ejection of milk
Oxytocin
Gland from mammary gland

Increases metabolic rate: essential for normal growth and

Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine Most body cells
development
THYROID GLAND
Decreases blood calcium by inhibiting bone breakdown and
Calcitonin Primarily bone
release of calcium; antagonistic to parathyroid hormone

Increases Blood calcium by stimulating bone breakdown and

PARATHYROID PTH (Parathyroid hormone) or Bone, kidney,
release of calcium' increases calcium absorption in the
GLAND pa rathormone digestive, tract
digestive tract; decreases calcium lost in urine

Increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in

Aldosterone (Mineralocorticoids) Kidney
kidney tubules; secondarily increases wate r retention

Increases blood glucose levels, inhibits inflammation and

ADRENAL CORTEX Cortisol (Giucocorticoids) Most body tissues
immune response

secreted in small amounts so that effect is generally masked

Androgens and estrogens Most body tissues
by the hormones from the ovaries and testes

Helps cope w ith stress; increases heart rate and blood

Heart, blood vessels,
ADRENAL MEDULLA Epinephrine, norepinephrine pressure, increases blood f low to skeletal muscle; increases
liver, adipose
blood glucose level

Increases breakdown of glycogen to increase blood glucose

Glucagon liver
levels
PANCREAS (ISLETS
General, but
OF LANGERHANS) Decreases blood glucose levels by facilitating uptake and
especia lly liver,
Insulin utilization of glucose by cells; stimulates glucose storage as
skeletal muscle,
glycogen and production of adipose
adipose

Maturation and maintenance of male reproductive organs

TESTES Testosterone Most body cells
and secondary sex characteristics

Maturation and maintenance of female reproductive organs

Estrogens Most body cells
and secondary sex characteristics: menstrual cycle
OVARIES
Prepares uterus for pregnancy, stimulates, development of
Progesterone Uterine and breast
mammary gland, menstrual cycle

Inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone, which consequently

PINEAL GLAND melatonin Hypothalamus inhibits reproductive function s; regulates daily rhythms such
as sleep and wakefulness

tissues involved in
THYMUS Thymosin Immune syst em development and function
immune response

Body & Disease I Endocrine System

654 BIOMEDICINE

PATHOLOGY OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Acromegaly Hypersecretion of GH during adulthood
Addison's disease Hyposecretion of glucocorticoids
Aldosteronism Hypersecretion of aldosterone
Cretinism Hyposecretion of the thyroid hormones during the growth years
Cushing's syndrome Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids
Diabetes Mellitus Deficiency of insulin
Dwarfism Hyposecretion of GH during the growth
Gigantism Hypersecretion of GH during the growth
Gynecomastia Release of sufficient feminizing hormones in males
Hyperparathyroidism May result in stone formation or Osteitis Fibrous Cystic (chronic bone reabsorption)
Myxedema Hypothyroidism during adulthood
Ophthalmic goiter Hyperthyroidism goiter + exopthalamus
Simple goiter Changes in the thyroid due to iodine deficiency
Tetany Muscle contraction caused by hypoparathyroidism
Virilism Excess production of ACTH and androgens due to inhibited glucocorticoids

HYPERTHYROIDISM VS. HYPOTHYROIDISM

, c>>)Ui' c ' ,,!';>;> ';, '
f'i' '''LL~, ,' ' """
,''';'.,,,'

•• Tachycardia
Hyperactive reflexes
•• ,J,Basal metabolic rate
Dry skin
•• 1'Sweating
Heat intolerance
•• Muscle/joint pain
Proximal weakness
•• Fatigue
Tremor
•• Lethargy, depression, apathy
Confusion
•• Nervousness
Polydipsia
•• Weight gain
Edema around the eyes
•• Weakness
1'Appetite
•••
Loss of lateral eyebrow
Cardiomegaly
•• Dyspnea Constipation

••
Weight loss
Diarrhea •• Cold intolerance
Brittle nails

••
Apathy
Depression
•• Sparse/coarse hair
Peripheral edema

•
Muscular atrophy
Anorexia •• Joint effusion with ca++ deposits
CTS
•• Slow healing
Hoarseness
• PR < 60 in untrained person

DIABETES MELLITUS

• Type 1 (IDDM) = Insulin - dependent Diabetes Mellitus, juvenile onset

• Type 2 (NIDDM) = Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus, adult onset
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS COMPLICATIONS

••• ••
1'Urination Blindness
1'Thirst Glaucoma

•••
1'Hunger Cataracts

••
1' Fatigue/lethargy H/A
Paresthesia (numbness/tingling) Stroke
feet/hands
•• Foot ulcers
Kidney disease

ABNORMAL BLOOD GLUCOSE

,/ L" />c ,,, ~~~~~. •••lA ', :, > ,' '
,{ ,' ,, ' tl\fP.(ii.YCI;.IA ___:_ ,, > ;

•• Blood glucose < 50-60 mg/dL

Skin is pale, cool, diaphoretic •• Blood glucose > 180 mg/dL
Skin is dry & flushed
•• Disoriented or agitated
Headache •• Fruity breath odor
Blurred vision
•• Blurred vision
Slurred speech
•••
Dizziness
Weakness
•• Tachycardic with palpitations Nausea

•••
Weak/shaky Vomiting

••
Lip/tongue numbness Cramping
LOC (Loss Of Consciousness) Increased urination
• LOC/seizure

Body & Disease I Endocrine System

 BIOMEDICINE 655

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

BLOOD PRESSURE
Systolic Blood Pressure Th blood pressure measured during the period of ventricular contraction (Systolic), In blood pressure reading
it is the higher of the two measurements '

Diastolic Blood Pressure The minimum level of blood pressure measured between contraction of the heart. Diastolic pressure for an
individual may vary with age, gender, body weight, emotional state, and other factors.

HYPERTENSION
PRIMARY SECONDARY SIGNS/SYMPTOMS

Elevated BP without a known

causative factor. Most common.
Elevated BP with an identifiable cause.
• Often called the "silent killer" because
no initial symptoms usually occur
•• Chronic fatigue
Headache
Causes of primary hypertension Causes of secondary hypertension
•• Dizziness
•• Genetic predisposition, obesity
Stress, increased alcohol intake
•• Congenital
Renal stenosis
heart defects (e.g.,
Dyspnea at rest or with physical
exertion
• Diabetes, sodium and water retention coarctation of the aorta) • Chest pain and palpitations
•• Cushing's syndrome, pheochromocytoma
Untreated sleep apnea
•• Stimulants
MAOis (Monoamine oxidase inhibitors)
(e.g., cocaine,
methamphetamines)
• PIH (Pregnancy-induced hypertension)

CHOLESTEROL

~
Level mg/dL Level mmoi/L Interpretation
< 200 <5.2 Desirable level corresponding to lower risk for heart disease
200-239 5.2-6.2 Borderline high risk
~ >240 >6.2 High risk
-1 Level mg/dL Level mmoi/L Interpretation
;:g
Ci <150 <1.69 Normal range, lowest risk
~m 150-199 1.70-2.25 Borderline high
2!! 200-498 2.25-5.63 High
0
m
>500 >5.65 Very high, increased risk
Level mg/dl Level mmoi/L Interpretation
:I: <40 <1.03 Low HDL cholesterol, heightened risk for heart disease, <50 is the value for women
0
r- 40-59 1.03-1.52 Medium HDL level
>60 >1.55 High HDL level, optimal condition considered protective against heart disease
Level mg/dL Level mmoi/L Interpretation
<100 <2.6 Optimal LDL cholesterol, corresponding to reduced, but not zero, risk for heart dz.
r- 100 to 129 2.6 to 3.3 Near optimal LDL level
0
r-
130 to 159 3.3 to 4.1 Borderline high LDL level
160 to 189 4.1 to 4.9 High LDL level
>190 >4.9 Very high LDL level, corresponding to highest increased risk of heart disease

Body & Disease I Cardiovascular System

656 BIOMEDICINE

BLOOD, LYMPHATIC, AND IMMUNE SYSTEM

BLOOD
Formed elements (45%) Plasma (55%)
Erythrocytes Thrombocytes Leukocytes Proteins
Water Prothrombin
Neutrophils Salts Alum in Globulin Fibrinogen
Eosinophils Nutritions
Basophils Hormones
Monocytes a ~ y
Vitamins
Lymphocytes

LEUKOCYTES
allergic reactions and histamine reactions
...
m
Granulocytes
Basophil
Eosinophil parasitic infections, including fungal infections, and allergic infections
c
"'n0 Neutrophil bacterial infections, inflammation, and stress response but not viral infections
~
m
Lymphocyte viral infections, chronic infections and inflammations
Ill Agranulocytes
Monocyte chronic infections

ANEMIA
CAUSE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

~
m •••
Chemotherapy
Gl bleed
•• ~ Hemoglobin
~ Hematocrit

•••
z Rheumatoid Arthritis Change in fingernail beds

... ••
m
Lupus Pale skin color
~ AIDS Fatigue

••
Cancer
Surgery
• ~ DBP

TYPE CAUSE DEFECT

Aplastic Anemia Toxic chemicals, radiation Damaged bone marrow
Hemolytic Anemia Toxic chemicals Red blood cells destroyed
~
~ Iron deficiency Anemia dietary lack of iron Hemoglobin deficient
m
VI Excess of immature ce lls
Pernicious Anemia Inability to absorb Vitamin 812
Sickle cell disease Defective gene Red blood cells abnormally shaped
Thalassemia Defective gene Hemoglobin deficient: red blood cells short-lived

IMMUNOGLOBULIN IMMUNE RESPONSE

lg IMMUNE RESPONSE
Most predominant. Can cross the placenta so a pregnant woman can pass immunity to the fetus Present in
lgG 70-80% plasma tissues
lgM 7% it is the first to appear in response to an antigen. Present in plasma, cannot cross placenta
Found in serum, colostrum (first mothers milk), respiratory and intestinal mucosal membranes, saliva, tears,
lgA 16-19% Cannot cross placenta. Transferred to the baby through breast milk
lgE 0.01% Lease predominant. Found in plasma, secretion of exocrine glands, Promotes allergic histamine reaction
lgD 1% Serves as a receptor for B-lymphocytes but not much is known about its function

HIV & AIDS

•• NAME: HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)
TRANSMISSION: blood products, CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluids), semen, vaginal secretions, mom to chi ld
EARLY HIV SIGNS ADVANCED HIV SIGNS OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS t AIDS

•• Fever, night sw eats

Chronic diarrhea
• Kaposi's sarcoma-multiple purple
skin blotches
•• Meningitis
Toxoplasmosis
•• Oral infections
Vaginal candidiasis •••
Persistent cough
Fever, night sweats
•• Herpes simplex
Candidiasis
•• Cough
SOB ••
Easy bruising
Thrush
•• Cytomegalovirus
Staphylococcus
• Skin/nail changes
•
Muscle weakness
Co-morbidities: TB, pneumonia,
•• Scabies
HPV (Human Papillomavirus)
lymphoma,herpes, toxoplasmosia • Salmonella

Body & Disease I Blood, Lymphatic and Immune System

 BIOMEDICINE 657

LYMPHOMA VS. NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA

LYMPHOMA NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA
•• Swollen lymph nodes in neck & axilla
Malaise & weight loss
•• Peak incidence is 20-24 yrs of age
Appearance of swollen glands in neck, axilla, groin

•• ••
Fever & night sweats Nonpainful & unresponsive to antibiotics
Itching Loss of appetite, nausea, vom iting, indigestion, wt loss
•• Enlargement of liver, spleen, abdominal lymph nodes
LBP referred to LE

••
Anemia
Night sweats & recurring fevers

SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

An autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that results in:
••Inflammation & damage to various organs
Onset: 15-45 yo; <;? >cJ' 10-15:1
•African (3 x more common), Native American, Asian > Caucasian
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
•• Unexplained fever
Swollen glands
•• Extreme fatigue
Photosensitivity
•• Constitutional symptoms
Arth ra lgia-sym met rica I
•• Unusual hair loss
Raynaud 's phenomenon

••• ••• .
Swollen joints CNS Sx: seizures, headache, periphera l neuropathy, CVA, OBS
Ski n rash-"butterfly" pattern (cheeks) Mouth, nose, vaginal ulcers
Chest pain upon deep breathing Symptoms get worse during menstruation
COMPLICATIONS

•• Seizures/psychosis
Pleuritis/perica rd it is
•• Anemia
Glomerulonephritis
• Endocarditis/myocarditis

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
DISEASE ETIOLOGY
1 Addison's disease Often caused by autoimmune destruction of the adrena l cortex.
A chronic, painful, progressive inflammatory arthritis primarily affecting spine and sacroiliac joints,
2 Ankylosing spondylitisis
causing eventual fu sion of the spine.
3 Aplastic anemia Often caused by an autoimmune attack on the bone marrow.
4 Autoimmune hepatitis Disorder wherein the liver is the target of the body's own immune system.
Disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the proximal portion of the small intestine
5 Celiac disease
caused by exposure to certain dietary gluten proteins.
Form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract.
6 Crohn's disease
Major symptoms include abdominal pain and diarrhea.
When it is characterized by a deficiency or absence of insulin production (Type 1), is often the
7 Diabetes mellitus consequence of an autoimmune attack on the insulin-producing beta cells in the islets of
Langerhans of the pancreas.
The most common form of hyperthyroidism, and is caused by anti-thyroid antibodies that have
8 Graves' disease
the effect of stimulating (agonist) the thyroid into overprod uction of thyroid hormone.
An acquired immune-mediated inflamm atory disorder of the peripheral nervous syst em (i.e., not
Guillain-Barre syndrome
9 the brain and spinal column). It is also cal led acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy,
(GBS)
acute idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis, acute idiopathic polyneuritis and Landry's ascending paralysis.
Common form of hypothyroidism, characterized by initial inflammation of the thyroid, and, later,
10 Hashimoto's disease
dysfun ction and goiter. There are several characteristic antibodies (e.g., anti-thyroglobulin).
Chronic (long-lasting) autoimmune disease wherein the immune system, for unknown reasons,
11 Lupus erythematosus becomes hyperactive and attacks normal tissue. This attack resu lts in inflammation and brings
about symptoms. This is a " Non-organ-specific" type of autoimmune disease.
Disorder of the centra l nervous system (brain and spina l cord) characterized by decreased nerve
12 Multiple sclerosis
function due to myelin loss and secondary axonal damage.
A disorder of neuromuscular transmission leading to fluctuating weakness and fatigue. Weakness is
13 Myasthenia gravis caused by circulating antibodies that block (Receptor_antagon ist) acetylcholine receptors at the
neuromuscu lar junction.
14 Optic neuritis An infla mmation of the optic nerve that may cause a complete or partial loss of vision.
15 Pernicious Anemia An autoimmune disorder characteri zed by anemia due to malabsorption of vitamin B12
16 Rheumatoid arthritis An autoimmune disorder that ca uses the body's immune system to attack the bone joints.
Seems to be an autoimmune attack on various body systems in response to a bacterial infection
17 Reiter's syndrome
and the body's confusion over the HLA-B27 marker
An autoimmune disorder in which immune cells attack and destroy the exocrine glands that
18 Sjogren's syndrome
produce tears and saliva.

Body & Disease I Blood, Lymphatic and Immune System

658 BIOMEDICINE

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

BOWEL CHANGES
PRESENTATION POSSIBLE PATHOLOGY
MELENA (BLACK, TARRY) Upper Gl bleed (loss of > 150-200 mL of blood)
BLACK, NON-STICKY Iron, bismuth salts (Pepto-Bismol), black licorice
BLOOD-RED Colon-rectal tumor, colon diverticulitis, hemorrhoids
PALE -J.,Fat absorption from small bowel, pancreatic disease
SILVERY Pancreatic cancer
PENCIL-THIN, RIBBON STOOLS Distal colon/anal cancer

BOWEL PATHOLOGY
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL COLON/RECTAL CANCER
IRRITABLE BOWEL
(Crohn's or Ulcerative Colitis)

•••
Joint arthralgia
Skin lesions (ankles, shins)
•• Effects females in early adulthood
Stress related
•• Hemorrhoids
Rectal bleeding
•• •••
Light sensitivity Variable/intermittent S&S Back pain referred to LEs
•• -J.,Pain with gas/BM (Bowel Movement)
Anemia due to blood loss ••
Abdominal cramps
Nausea & vomiting
Change in bowel patterns
Nausea & vomiting
•• Wt loss
Clubbing of fingers ••
Flatulence
Change in bowel patterns
•• Weight loss
Fatigue & dyspnea due to iron def.
•• Fever
Rectal bleeding
Foul breath • Red/mahogany stools

• (+) Psoas test

APPENDICITIS
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

•••
® LQ pain, (+) McBurney's point
pain into ® thigh/testicle
•• -J.,Hemoglobin
-J.,Hematocrit

••
Nausea, vomiting, night sweats
Guarding of rectus abdominis
•• Change in fingernail beds
Pale skin color

••
(+) Psoas sign Fatigue
•• (+) Obturator sign
Low-grade fever
-J.,DBP

•• (+) Rebound tenderness

Position of relief: tense abdomen with FB or lie down with both knees to chest

ULCERS

•• Hx of NSAID use of presence of H. pylori infection

Dull gnawing/burning into midline TG-12 & radiating suprascapula

•••
Antacids provide temporary relief
Nausea, coffee-grounds vomitus
Bloody or black-tarry stools (melena)
• May have weeks of remission
GASTRIC DUODENAL
30-60 min after a meal Epigastric cramping 2-3 hrs after a meal
<!) UQ Localized tenderness ® of midline

HEPATITIS
GENERALIZED SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

•••
Nausea
Vomiting
••
Jaundice-skin & eyes
Liver pain

••
Low-grade fever/chills
Loss of appetite ••
Dark urine
Light-colored stools
Lethargy
TYPE INCUBATION TRANSMISSION CAUSE
A 15-50 days Fecal-oral (does not develop into chronic hepatitis) Contaminated milk, water, shellfish, unsanitary conditions
Blood or body fluids infants = carriers (can
B 50-180 days become chronic) Contaminated needles, transfusion
c 20-90 days Blood or body fluids (can become chronic) Transfusion
D 25-75 days Blood or body fluids Occurs in presence of Hep B, IV drug use
E 15-60 days Fecal-oral Contaminated milk, water, shellfish
G Unknown Blood or body fluids Transfusion, IV drug use

Body & Disease I Digestive System

 BIOMEDICINE 659

A LT & AST

•••
AST is a cytoplasmic enzyme in liver, muscle, RBC's and other locations
Released from damaged cells; serum levels peak 24-36hr after injury & normalize at 3-6 days if injury isn't ongoing
~
Highest elevations occur in viral hepatitis and hepatotoxicity (10-20 times the upper reference limit)
• Mild-to-moderate (3-10 fold) elevations occur in chronic hepatitis, active cirrhosis, chronic passive congestion, drug-induced injury,
metastatic tumor, bi liary disease and a number of other conditions.
• Cardiac and skeletal muscle injury will also produce substantial AST elevations .

>
!:j
•• More specific for the " liver" than AST, but also present in kidney and muscle
Used to confirm that AST elevations are of liver origin (e.g., elevation of both AST and ALT strongly suggest hepatocellular injury)
• The time course of ALT elevations in liver disease is shown be low; AST would show a simi lar overall time course (though the
ratio of the AST and ALT va ries with disease and from patient to patient, as described in the next section)
• Viral hepatitis, mononucleosis, and acute hepatotoxicity typically show elevations in ALT that are equal to or greater than AST
elevations (AST/ALT less than or equal to 1.0)
~
0
• ALT is elevated to a lesser degree than AST in alcoholic liver disease and cirrhosis, passive congestion, bile duct obstruction, or
metastatic tumor to the liver (AST/ALT greater than 1.0)
• These are rules of thumb--substantial minorities of patients deviate from them, making the ASTI ALT ratio of limited usefulness in
the diagnosis of individual patients (though it may be helpful in suggesting the next appropriate step in the workup)

QUADRANTS
UR QUADRANT UL QUADRANT
•• Liver
Pancreas
•• Ga ll Bladder
Heart
•• Kid n e y
Lung
•• Spleen
Kidn ey

••
Stomach
Lung
LR QUADRANT LL QUADRANT

•••
Appendi x
Uret er
•• U reter
Bladder

••
Bladder
Colon
•• Colon
Gonads
Gonads

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

•• Respiratory infections
Cigaret te smo ke
•• Exercise
Cold e nvironments
TRIGGERS

••
Allergic react ions
Poll utants
• Stress

SIGNS AND •• Wheezi ng

Prolon ged expiration
••
Cough
SOB
SYMPTOMS
• Dif fi cu lty breathing

~X ••
SHORT-ACTING immediate symptom relief
BRONCHODILATOR albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin), pirbuterol (Maxair)
s:)> LONG-ACTING
BRONCHODILATOR
•• up to 12 hrs of symptom relief
salmeterol (Serevent); formoterol (Foradil)

••
long-term prevention of symptoms, may take up to 7 days for peak effectiveness
ASTHMA CORTICOSTEROIDS beclomethasone dipropionate (QVAR); f luticasone (Fiovent); budeson1de (Pulm1cort);
INHALERS triamcinolone acetonide (Azmacort); flunisolide (AeroBid)

NONSTEROIDAL •• long-term prevention of inflammation

Cromolyn, nedocromil
CORTICOSTEROID +
BRONCHODILATOR
•• long-acting combination
Advair

m
• Emphysema is characterized by loss of elasticity of the lung tissue, destruction of structures supporting the alveoli, and
destruction of capillaries feeding the alveoli.
s:
""tl
X • Sympt oms include shortness of breath on exertion (typically when climbing stairs or inclines, and later at rest),
hypoventilation, and an expanded chest. As emphysema progresses, clubbing of the fingers may be observed, a feature of
Oi
m longstanding hypoxia.
s:
)> • Emphysema patients are sometimes referred to as "pink puffers" (adequate oxygen levels in the blood). This is because
emphysema sufferers may hyperventilate to maintain adequate blood oxygen levels.
tJl
:>O n
OJ:
Z:>O
• Chronic bronchitis is not necessa rily caused by infection and is generally part of a syndrome called COPD (chronic
obstructive pu lmonary disease)
no
J:Z • Defined as a persistent cough that produces sputum (phlegm), for at least three months in two consecutive years.
3n
"' • Signs and Symptoms: productive cough, dyspnea, cyanosis, use of accessory muscles for breathing, pulmonary hypertension

Body & Disease I Respiratory System

660 BIOMEDICINE

PULMONARY VOLUMES
TOTAL LU CAPACITY {6000ml)

Vital Capacity {4800ml) Residual Volume

Expiratory Reserve {1200ml)
Inspiratory Reserve Volume {3300ml) Tidal Volume {500ml)
I Volume {lOOOml)

Inspiratory Capacity {3800ml) Functional Residual Capacity {2200ml)

URINARY SYSTEM

KIDNEY STONES
RISK FACTORS SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

•• •••
Male 4X > Female Chills, nausea, vomiting
Caucasian 3X > Black Frequent urge to urinate
•• 20-40 years old
High-protein, low-fiber diet •
Burning sensation with urination
Bloody, cloudy, smelly urine

CREATININE TEST
• This test measures the amount of creatinine in the blood.
• Muscles make creatinine when another chemical, creatine, is broken down to produce energy for the muscles.
Creatinine is carried by the blood to the kidneys, which filter it from the body into the urine.
• Creatinine can be measured in urine as well as blood.

ACIDOSIS vs. ALKALOSIS

ACIDOSIS ALKALOSIS

A state of acidosis exists when the pH is below 7.35. It A state of alkalosis exists when the pH is above 7.45. It
GENERAL can be caused by problems in either the respiratory {too can be ca used by problems in either the respiratory (too
much C0 2 ) or the metabolic system (too little HC0 3 ) . little CO,) or the metabolic system (too much HCO,).

(Retention of CO,)-Neurologic damage (head injury)

(Loss of C0 2 ) tends to occur when people are nervous
and/or depression of the respiratory center (anesthesia,
and breath too rapidly and diminish their C0 2 . It may
RESPIRATORY narcotics), obstruction of respiratory passages, chronic
also be ca used by CNS problems affecting the respiratory
respiratory problems (These conditions prevent the
center, causing hyperventilation.
normal excretion of C0 2 through ventilation) .

DKA, renal failure, lactic acidosis (shock, cardiac arrest), This is an excessive retention of bicarbonate or loss of
loss of bicarbonate through diarrhea or intestinal fi stulas acid. It may occur if too much bicarbonate has been
METABOLIC (In these conditions, an excessive loss of bicarbonate or given during a resuscitation. It may also occur with
alkaline fluid s is seen. ) gastric suctioning or prolonged vomiting and diarrhea.

• If respiratory acidosis is the problem, then the

kidneys will compensate by retaining more HC03 to • If respiratory alkalosis is the problem, then the
kid neys will compensate by excreting more HC0 3 to
balance the acidosis.
balance the pH.
BALANCE
• If metabolic acidosis is the problem, then the lungs
will increase excretion of C0 2 to assist the elimination • If metabolic alkalosis is a problem, the lungs will
retain more C0 2 to ba lance the pH.
of H+ ions and balance the acidosis.

Body & Disease I Urinary System

 BIOMEDICINE 661

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

STD (SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES)

•• Tingling, itching, genital pain
Eruption of small pustules & vesicles
GENITAL HERPES
•• Lesion rupture @-5 day to wet ulcers
Dysuria & urine retention

CANDIDIASIS = YEAST
• Fever, h/a, malaise, muscle ache, lymphadenopathy

INFECTION, THRUSH • Results from antibiotic therapy, 1'hormone levels (pregnancy, oral contraceptives), OM

• Transmission: via sexual intercourse or from mom to infant at birth (3-5 day incubation period)
•• Urethral pain, dysuria
Discharge
GONORRHEA
•• Dyspareunia
Vaginal bleeding (unusual or after intercourse)
•• Fever
Abdominal pain

•• 1"- Transmission: sexual via secretions, kissing, or skin abrasions, or from mom to infant in utero.
chancre @ site of exposure; incubates 1 wk to 3 months; highly contagious; buttonlike
papule (painless)
SYPHILLIS
• 2"- rash (palms & soles), constitutional symptoms, nausea, loss of appetite, fever, sore throat,
stomatitis, inflamed eyes, red-brown 2-3 em lesions on genitals (foul, contagious discharge)
• 3"- destructive lesions to CV & neural systems

ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
•• History of pelvic inflammatory disease
Endometriosis
RISK FACTORS
•• History of pelvic surgery
Previous history of ectopic pregnancy

SIGNS AND
•• Lower abdominal pain
Pelvic or LB pain
SYMPTOMS •• Pain referring into the shoulder girdle
Rebound tenderness

ENDOMETRIOSIS
• Part of the spectrum of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
• 30-40 years old
• Worse premenstrually & during menses
• Pain with intercourse
• Recurrent lumbosacral pain
• Infertility

EMERGENCY

DISEASES SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Caused
Leading cause of death
• Chest painby anlastsobstruction of a coronary artery

1. Myocardial Infarction • No response to NTG longer than 30 minutes and radiates to the left arm
(MI) • High troponin T&l, CK-MB (Nitroglycerin) sublingual
• T-wave inversion, ST elevation, (Creatine Kinase - Muscle Type · Brain Type)
• Tx: aspirin, morphine, beta-blocker Q-wave
• Anginal attack occurring at rest or increasing
02, and ABR

2. Unstable Angina • High risk of subsequent Ml (Myocardial Infarction)in frequency

3. Hypothermia
4. Renal Artery Stenosis
•
• Decreased peripheral perfusion, respiration rate, bowel sounds, and DTR
• Arrhythmia, bradycardia, hypotension
• Cx: rewarming shock, central pontine myelinolysis, rhabdomyolysis
• Due to fibromuscular dysplasia (in young women) or atherosclerosis (in older men)
• Hypertension in patients with no hypertension history
• Audible abdominal bruit, high plasma rennin level
• Tx: ACE inhibitor, angioplasty

• Very dangerous electrica l dysfunction following ventricular tachycardia

5. Ventricular Fibrillation
• Commonly associated with Ml, CHF, shock, or other heart disease
• Chest
Rapid, chaotic, distorted EKG (=ECG, Electrocardiogram)
• Tx: DCpain, shortness of breath, sudden death
• (Direct Current) cardioversion

Body & Disease I Reproductive System

662 BIOMEDICINE

• Heart rate of 150-350 BPM (Beats Per Minute)

• Associated with hypoxia or ischemic insults

6. Ventricular Flutter • Hypotension, sudden death
• Loss of normal QRS morphology
• Tx: defibrillation

• Hypoadrenalism caused by autoimmune destruction, infection or acute infarction due to trauma

7. Addison's Disease
• Hypotension, hyperpigmentation (due to melanocyte-stimulating effect of ACTH), hyponatremia,
hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, and metabolic acidosis
• Failure of cortisol levels to rise following ACTH stimulation

• Tx: Steroid hormone replacement

• Pituitary adenoma (in adults) or craniopharyngioma (in children)

• Hypotension, cold intolerance, bitemporal hemianopsia, atrophic gonads

8. Hypopituitarism • Low levels of ACTH, TSH, LH, FSH
• Widening of sella turcica on skull x-ray

• Tx: Hormone replacement

• Excessive thyroid function

• Caused by stressful situation with underlying subclinical hyperthyroidism
9. Thyroid Storm
• Agitation, anxiety, confusion, palpitation, arrhythmia, diaphoresis, exophthalmos, heat intolerance, diarrhea

• Tx: propylthiouracil, propranolol

• TSH receptor stimulating autoantibody

• Symptoms of thyroid storm
10. Graves' Disease
• Pretibial myxedema, exophthalmos
• Tx: prophylthiouracil, methilmazole, radioiodine, surgery

• Second most common infection seen in children after URI

11. Acute Otitis Media • S. Pneumoniae, H. influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis

• Fever, erythematous, bulging tympanic membrane
• Tx: amoxicillin, clavulanic acid, TMP-SMX (Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole)

• Closed angle (elderly), open angle (young)

• Increased intraocular pressure with dilated pupil
12. Glaucoma • Eye pain, blurred vision, headache, nausea, halos around lights, conjunctival congestion, increased
corneal opacity
• Tx : topical beta blockers or miotics, acetazolamide

• Due to allergic, viral, or bacterial

13. Conjunctivitis • Conjunctival injection, irritation, foreign body sensation, tearing, discharge
• Tx: topical antihistamine, antibiotics

• S. aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

• "Swimmer's ear"
14. Otitis Externa • Infection of external auditory canal
• Pain and discharge from ear
• Tx: Polymyxin, bacitracin, neomycin drop

• Inflammation of gall bladder

• Pain (RUQ), fever, leukocytosis
1S. Acute Cholecystitis • Inspiratory arrest on gallbladder palpation (Murphy's sign)
• Nonvisualization of gallbladder on HIDA (Hepatobiliary lminodiacetic Acid) scan
• Tx: ampicillin, gentamicin, Metronidazole, cholecystectomy

• Associated with cancer, estrogen therapy, prolonged immobility

• Virchow's triad (venostasis, hypercoagulability, enthothelial injury)
16. Deep Vein
Thrombosis • Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens (massive DVT resulting in Ischemia)
• Homan's sign (pain on foot dorsiflexion)
• Tx: Heparin, warfarin

• Systemic microbial invasion

• Fever, ch ills, lethargy

17. Sepsis • Tachycardia, hypotension, mental confusion

• Can progress to DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation), ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome), shock,
renal failure
• Tx: hydration with IV antibiotics

• lgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction with bronchospasm

• Penicillin, bee-stings, nuts, shellfish
18. Anaphylaxis • Hypotension, tachycardia, swelling, rash, mental confusion
• Wh eezing, diffuse urticarial rash
• Tx: epinephrine, hydration, antihistamine

• Deep vein thrombosis causes this syndrome

• Sudden shortness of breath with pleuritic chest pain
19. Pulmonary • Hampton's hump (wedge-shaped haziness on Chest X-Ray)
Thromboembolism • Perfusion defect on V/0 (Ventilation/Perfusion) scan
• Increased pulmonary vascular resistance, RV (Right Ventricle) failure
• Tx: heparin

Body & Disease I Emergency

 BIOMEDICINE 663

TREATING DISEASE

VITAMINS

SOURCE AND FUNCTION

VITAMIN SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

A (retinol) fruits, vegetables, liver, night blindness, damage to

dairy foods in visual pigments
mucous membranes

...
!!j D (calciferol)
fortified milk, fish oils, absorption of calcium and
rickets, osteomalacia
sunshine phosphorus
Ill
0r-
c meat dairy foods, whole muscle maintenance,
=
r-
E (tocopherol)
grains prevents oxidation of anemia
cellular components
"'
K (menadione) Intestinal bacteria, liver blood-clotting problems
blood clotting
(in newborns)

liver, legumes, whole grain, coenzyme in cellular beriberi, loss of appetite,

Bl (thiamine)
yeast respiration fatigue

coenzyme in cellular
dairy foods, organ meats,
B2 (riboflavin) res pi ration (in FAD and lesion in corners of mouth
eggs, green leafy vegetables
FMN)

coenzyme in cellular
pellagra, skin disorders,
B3 (niacin) Meat, fowl, liver, yeast metabolism (in NAD and
diarrhea, mental disorders
NADP)

BS (pantothenic adrenal problems,

B liver, eggs, yeast in acetyl CoA
:E acid) reproductive problems
!!j
"'
;;g
BG (pyridoxine)
liver, whole grains, dairy
foods
coenzyme in amino acid
metabolism
anemia, slow growth, skin
problems, convulsions
Ill
0
r-
c
=
r- B9 (folic acid)
vegetables, eggs, liver,
whole grains
coenzyme in formation of
heme and nucleotides
anemia
"'
coenzyme in formation of
liver meat, dairy foods, nucleic acids and proteins
B12 (cobalamin) pernicious anemia
eggs and in red blood cell
formation

citrus fruits, tomatoes,
C (ascorbic acid)
potatoes
aids formation of
connective tissues; prevents scurvy, slow healing, poor
oxidation of cellular bone growth
constituents

H (biotin) liver, yeast, bacteria in gut in coenzyme skin problems, loss of hair

Treating Disease I Vitamins

664 BIOMEDICINE

VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES
VITAMIN SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF DEFICIENCIES

•• Eye Sx, -!-night vision, dry eyes, inflammation

Rough/dry skin, folliculosis, gooseflesh
A
•• Vulnerability to respiratory/urinary infections
Failure of tooth enamel

FAT
D •• Osseous deformities (rickets), osteopenia
Bead-like swelling where ribs fuse with cartilage of the sternum
SOLUBLE

E
•• CNS changes
Liver degeneration
• Anemia

K •• Hemorrhage, ecchymosis
1'Biood clotting time

•• Tired, irritability, sleep Sx (beriberi)

Loss of appetite, vomiting

81 (Thiamine)
•• -!-Muscle tone, hyporeflexia, nystagmus
Peripheral neuropathy & cardiac enlargement
•• Red burning tongue
LE edema
• Wernicke's syndrome in ETOH

82 (Riboflavin)
•• Cracked lips/corners of mouth (cheilosis)
Dermatitis, glossitis
•• Sore, magenta-colored tongue
Personality shifts

83 (Niacin)
•• Pellagra=4Ds: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death
Bright red, painful, swollen tongue
WATER
SOLUBLE
• Headaches, dizziness

•• Anemia, weakness, diarrhea, wt loss

Irritability, depression, confusion, memory loss
86 (Pyridoxine)
•• Impaired antibody production, -1.- immunity
Kidney stones

•• Anemia
Poor resistance to infection

••
812 (Cobalamin)
Nerve degeneration (needed for myelin)
Loss of LE position sense

•• Weakness, aches & pain (scurvy)

Swollen/bleeding gums, nosebleeds

•••
c Bruising easily (petechiae), poor healing
Anemia
-!-Skeletal development in children

Treating Disease I Vitamins

 BIOMEDICINE 665

DRUG TREATMENT

PHARMACOLOGY

SUBSPECIALTY AREAS OF PHARMACOLOGY

MEDICAL CHEMISTRY
New drug synthesis
PHARMACODYNAMICS MOLECULAR
CHEMOTHERAPY PHARMACOKINETICS TOXICOLOGY
PHARMACOLOGY
Drug effect s on the Use of drugs in Int eraction of drugs Drug concentration in St udy of harmful
body t reatment of disease and subcellular t issues and blood is chem ica ls and their
components measured over a effects on the body
period of t ime

DRUG NAMES
CHEMICAL NAME GENETIC NAME BRAND NAME
derivat ive of ampicillin Amcil l capsules
6-a minopen ici llanic acid Omnipen
Polycillin
Rincipen

ROUTES OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION

ORAL SUBLINGUAL RECTAL PARENTAL INHALATION TOPICAL
Tablets Tablet s Su ppositories Inj ections Aerosols Lotions
Subcuta neous Creams
Intradermal Ointments
Intramuscular Transdermal
Intravenous Pat ches
Intrathecal
Intracavitary

CLASSES OF DRUGS

ANALGESIC
Mild Narcotic (opioid) NSAID (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug)

•• acetaminophen (Tylenol)
aspirin
•• codine
hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
•• diclofenac (Voltaren)
ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)
•• meperidine (Demerol)
morphine
•• indomet hacin (lndocin)
naproxen (Naprosyn)

••
oxycodone (Percodan)
propoxyphene (Darvon)

ANESTHETICS
General Local

•• ether
halothane (Fiuothane)
•• hydrocortisone acetate (Orabase)
lidocaine (Xyloca ine)
•• nit rous oxide
t hiopental (Pentothal)
• procaine (Novacaine)

ANTIBIOTICS & ANTIVIRALS

Anti-fungals Anti-malarials Anti-tuberculars

•• amphotericin B (Fungizone)
flu conazole (Diflucan )
•• chloroquine (Aralen )
pyrimethamine (Daraprim)
•• isoniazid of INH (Nydrazid)
rifampin (Rifadin)
•• miconazole (Monistat)
nystatin(Ni lst at)
Cephalosporin Erythromycin
Anti-virals
(Bactericidal and similar to Penicillins) (Bacteriostatic)

•• acyclovir (Zovirax)
indinavir (Crixivan)
•• cefprozi l (Cefzil)
cefuroxim e axetil (Ceftin)
•• azit hramycin (Zithromax)
clarithromycin (Biaxin)
•• lamivudine (Epivir)
zidovudine or AZT (Retrovir)
Penicillins Quinolones Sulfonam ides or sulfa Drugs Tetracyclines
(Bactericidal) (Bactericidal & Wide-spectrum) (Bactericidal) (Bacteriostatic)
•• amoxicillin (Amoxil, Trimox)
ampicillin wit h clavulanate
•• ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
ofloxacin (Fioxin)
•• sulfasa lazine (Azulfid ine)
sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin)
•• doxycycline
tetracycline
• (Augmentin)

Treating Disease I Drugs

666 BIOMEDICINE

ANTICOAGULANTS & ANTIPLATELET DRUGS / ANTICONVULSANTS /ANTIDEPRESSANT

ANTICOAGULANTS and ANTICONVULSANTS ANTIDEPRESSANTS
ANTIPLATELET DRUGS

•• aspirin
dicumarol
•• carbamazepine (Tegretol)
phenobarbital
•• amitriptyline (Eiavil)
fluoxetine (Prozac)
•• heparin
tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)
• phenytoin (Dilantin) •• lithium carbonate (Eskalith)
nortriptyline (Pamelor)
• warfarin (Coumadin) •• phenelzine (Nardil)
sertraline (Zoloft)

ANTIDIABETICS / ANTIHISTAMINES
ANTI DIABETICS ANTIHISTAMINES
lnsulins Oral drugs •• cetirizie (Zyrtec)

•• rDNA human insulin N (Humulin N)

rDNA human insulin lispro (Humalog)
• acarbose (Precose) : alphaglucosidase
inhibitor
chlorpheniramine maleate
(Chlor-Trimeton)

•• glipizide (Giucotrol XL) : sulfonylurea

glyburide : sulfonylurea
•• dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

•• metformin (Giucophage) : biguanide

repaglinide (Prandin)-meglitinide
• fexofenad ine (Al legra)

• troglitazone (Rezu lin)-thiazolidinedione

CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS
ACE inhibitors Beta-blockers Calcium Antagonists

•
•
enalapril (Vasotec)
lisinopril (Zestril)
•• atenolol (Tenormin)
metoprolol (Lopressor)
•• amlodipine (Norvasc)
diltiazem (Card izem)

Cholesterol - lowering
• propanol (lnderal) • nifedipine (Cardizem)
Diuretics

•• atovastatin (Lipitor)
cholestyramine resin (Questran)
•• furosemide (Lasix)
spironolactone (Aidactone)

•••
lovastatin (Mevacor)
pravastatin (Pravachol)
simvastatin (Zocor)

ENDOCRINE DRUGS
Androgen Anti-Androgen Estrogen Ant i-estrogen

•• • • •
fluoxymesterone (Halotestin) flutamide (Eulexin) estrogens (Premarin, tamoxifen (Novadex)
methyltestosterne (Virilon) Estradiol)
Glucocorticoid Progestin Serm Thyroid Hormone

•• dexamethasone (Decadron)
prednisone (Deltasone)
• medroxyprogesterone
(Provera)
• raloxifene (Evista)
•• levothyroxine (Synthroid )
liothyronine (Cytomel)
• megestrol (Megace)
• liotrix (Euthroid)

GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS
Antacid Antidiarrheal Antinauseant (Antiemetic)

• aluminum & magnesium antacid

(Gaviscon)
•• diphenoxylate and atropine (Lomotil)
loperamide (lmod ium)
•• meclizine (Antivert)
metoclopramide (Reglan)

••
magnesium antacid (milk of magnesia)
aluminum antacid (Rolaids)
• paregoric
•• ondansetron (Zofran)
prochlorperazine maleate (Compazine)

Antiulcer
• Cathartic

•• cimetidine (Tagamet)
omeprazole (Prilosec)
• casanthranol and docusate sodium (Peri-Colace)

• ranitidine (zantac)

RESPIRATORY DRUGS
Bronchodilators Steroid

••• ••
albuterol (Proventil) beclomethasone (Vanceril)
epinephrine flunisolide (AeroBid)
sa lmeterol (Serevent)
• triamcinolone (Azmacort)

••
theophylline (Theo-Dur)

SEDATIVES or HYPNOTICS / STIMULANTS

SEDATIVES / HYPNOTICS STIMULANTS

•• butabarbital (Butisol)
phenoba rbita l
•• caffeine
dextroamphetamine su lfate (Dexedrine)
•• temazepam (Rest oril)
triazolam (Halcion)
• methylphenidate (Ritalin)

• zolpidem (Ambien)

Treating Disease I Drugs

 BIOMEDICINE 667

TRANQUILIZERS
Minor Major

••• ••
alprazolam (xanax) ch lorpromazine (Thorazine)
buspirone (BuSpar) lithium

••
diazepam (Valium) t hioridazine (Mellaril)
• lora zepam (Ativan) trifluoperazine (Stelazine)

TOP 50 PRESCRIPTION DRUGS BY SALES

NAME PRIMARY DISEASE NAME PRIMARY DISEASE
1 lipitor Cholesterol 26 Avandia & Avandamet Type 2 diabetes

2 Zoeor Cholest erol 27 Seroquel Schizoph renia

3 Advair/Seretide Asthma 28 Prilosec/losec Gastrointestina l disorders

4 Norvasc Hypert ension 29 Paxii/Seroxat Depression

s Zyprexa Schizophrenia 30 En brei Rheumatoid arthri t is

6 Nexium Gastrointestinal disorders 31 Mevalotin Cholesterol

7 Procrit/Eprex Anemia 32 Allegra/Telfast Allergic rhinitis

8 Zoloft Depression 33 Zithromax Bact erial infections

9 Effexor Depression 34 Taxotere Cancer

10 Plavix Throm botic events 35 Ambien/Stilnox Insomnia

11 Celebrex Osteoarthrit is & rheumatoid arthritis 36 Neulasta Neutropenia

12 Fosamax Ost eoporosis 37 Rituxan Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

13 Diovan and Co-Diovan Hypertension 38 Viagra Erectile dysfunction

14 Risperdal Schizoph renia 39 Actos Type 2 diabetes

15 Cozaar and Hyzaar Hypertension 40 Gleevec/Giivec Leukemia

16 Neurontin Seizures 41 Protonix Gastrointestinal disorders

17 Pravachol Cholesterol 42 Eloxatin Colorectal ca ncer

18 Singulair Asthma 43 Pantozol Gastrointestinal disorders

19 Epogen Anemia 44 Vioxx Osteoarthritis & rheumatoid arthritis

20 Prevacid Gastrointestinal disorders 45 Takepron Gastrointestinal disorders

21 Aranesp Anemia 46 Avonex Multiple sclerosis

22 Lovenox/Ciexane Deep-vein t hrombosis 47 Topamax Seizures

23 Remicade Rheumat oid arth ritis 48 Zofran Nausea and vom iting

24 Plavix/lscover Thrombotic events 49 Toproi-XL/Seloken Hypertension

25 Duragesic Pa in 50 Wellbutrin Depression

HERB-DRUG INTERACTIONS
REPLACE DON'T USE TOGETHER
e LI PITOR = SHAN ZHA, JUE M ING Zl e DIGOXIN ~ MA HUANG
e PAXIL = GAN M Al DA ZAO TANG e NSAID ~ BAI GUO
e LAXATIVE ~ HEI ZHI MA
e LASIX ~ FU LING
e COUMADIN ~ DANG GUI

Treating Disease I Drugs

668 BIOMEDICINE

ADVERSE REACTIONS OF DRUGS

GENERIC NAME BRAN!> NAME ..

MOST FREQUENT AJ>VERSE REACTIONS

NON-NARCOTIC Tylenol, Anacin-3, Upset stomach, skin rash, bruising, hepatic Sx > lSg
Acetaminophen Liquiprin, Panadol
ANALGESIC
ASA Aspirin Gl Sx, tinnitus
Motrin, Nuprin, Gl Sx, dyspepsia, nausea, dizziness, rash, hepatitis,
Ibuprofen Ad vii headache
Sulindac Clinoril Gl Sx, constipation, rash, dizziness, headache
Gl Sx, constipation, headache, dizziness, rash, edema,
Naproxen Naprosyn, Anaprox tinnitus
Oxaprozin Daypro Gl Sx, nausea, dyspepsia, rash, diarrhea, renal Sx
Diflunisal Dolobid Gl Sx, dyspepsia, diarrhea, rash, headache
ANALGESIC & Piroxicam Feldene Gl Sx, edema, headache, dizziness, rash, hepatitis
NSAID Indomethacin lndocin Gl Sx, nausea, headache, dizziness, drowsy, constipation
Etodolac Lodine Gl Sx, dyspepsia, diarrhea, nausea, dizziness, CHF
Fenoprofen Nalfon Gl Sx, nausea, constipation, headache
Ketoprofen Orudis Gl Sx, headache, dizziness, hepatitis
Tolmentin To lectin Gl Sx, dyspepsia, nausea, headache, dizziness, rash
Diclofenac Voltaren Gl Sx, headache, dizziness
Nabumetone Relafen Gl Sx, diarrhea, rash, dyspepsia, headache, dizziness
Celecoxib Vioxx Gl Sx, 1'BP
(cox-2 inhib)
APAP/hyd rocodone Vicodin, Hysodan Dizziness, nausea, vomiting, -J.,BP, confusion, constipation
(APAP=Acetaminophen)
Drowsy, constipation, -J.,BP, nausea, vomiting, addiction
APAP/codeine Tylenol #3
(body builds up tolerance after 2 wks)
Lightheadedness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, rash,
APAP/oxycodone Percocet
NARCOTIC constipation
ANALGESIC Dizziness, nausea, headache, weakness, vomiting,
APAP/propoxyphene Darvocet
constipation
ASA/codeine Dizziness, headache, vomiting, upset stomach, constipation,
(ASA=aspirin) Empirin
-J.,BP, nausea
ASA/oxycodone Percodan Lightheadedness, nausea, dizziness, vomiting, constipation
ASA/propoxyphene Darvon Dizziness, nausea, headache, vomiting, constipation
Baclofen Lioresal Drowsiness initially nausea, dizziness, headache, weakness
Carisoprodol Soma Drowsiness, dizziness, vertigo, agitation, insomnia, headache
Chlozoxazone Parafon Forte Gl bleed, drowsiness, dizziness
MUSCLE Drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness
Cyclobenzaprine Flexeril
RELAXERS not recommended for > 2-3 wks
Drowsiness, fatigue, thrombosis, confusion, dysarthria,
Diazipam Valium
headache, constipation
Lightheadedness, dizziness, nausea, drowsiness, rash,
Methocarbamol Robaxin
headache, anorexia, Gl upset
Captopril Capoten Renal insufficiency, rash, fever, myalgia
Enalapril Vasotec Fatigue, headache, dizziness, cough
Zestril Fatigue, hypotension, diarrhea, rash, impotence
ACE Lisinopril
INHIBITORS Fatigue, dyspepsia, URI, dizziness, headache, cough, rash,
Prinivil
-J.,Iibido
Fosinopril Monopril Fatigue, headache, diarrhea, dizziness, nausea, cough
Quinapril Accupril Dizziness, fatigue, cough
Peripheral edema, headache, nausea, dizziness, rash,
Diltiazem Cardizem
asthenia, arrhythmia
Constipation, dizziness, nausea, headache, arrhythmia,
Ca 2 + CHANNEL Verapamil Calan
abnormal liver studies
BLOCKERS Norvasc Peripheral edema, fatigue, headache, flushing
Amlodipine
Lot rei Cough, peripheral edema, headache, dizziness
Nifedipine Procardia Dizziness, flushing, peripheral edema, headache, nausea

Treating Disease I Drugs

 BIOMEDICINE 669

Propranolol lnderal Bradycardia, CHF, lightheaded, nausea, arrhythmia, fatigue,

impotence, weakness
BETA
Atenolol Tenormin Dizziness, fatigue, nausea, cold extremities, depression,
BLOCKERS/
weakness, impotence
ANTI-
HYPERTENSIVES Timolol Blocadren Fatigue, bradycardia extremity pain, weakness, impotence
Metoprolol Lopressor Fatigue, dizziness, depression, confusion, short-term
memory loss, headache, impotence
Amitriptyline Elavil Lethargy, confusion, dry mouth, urinary retention,
constipation, blurred vision & -,l,BP
Desipramine Norpramin Lethargy, confusion, dry mouth, urinary retention,
Pertofrane constipation
Sinequan
Doxepin Ada pin Lethargy, confusion, dry mouth, urinary retention,
ANTI- constipation, blurred vision & -,l,BP
Zonalon
DEPRESSANTS
Wellbutrin
Bupropion Insomnia, agitation, dry mouth, nausea, headache, vomiting
Zyban
Fluoxetine Prozac Insomnia, anxiety, drowsiness, headache, diarrhea, sexual
dysfunction
Sertraline Insomnia, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, headache, diarrhea,
Zoloft
dry mouth, sexual dysfunction

DRUGS TO KNOW FOR EXAMS

ANTIDEPRESSANTS
SSRI (SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE MAO (MONOAMINE OXIDASE)
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS
INHIBITORS) INHIBITORS
• Decrease the reuptake of serotonin at
selected nerve terminals in the central
• Inhibits monoamine oxidase, the
enzyme involved in the metabolism of
• Decrease the reabsorption of
norepinephrine and serotonin, which
nervous system. amines that are found in the body, allows more of the neurotransmitters
>
n
• They also have a weak effect on the
reuptake of norepinephrine and
such as epinephrine, norepinephrine,
tyramine, and serotonin. MAO
to be available at postsynaptic
receptors.
-1 dopamine. inhibitors help increase these
6
z • Increased availability of seroton in at
the receptors resu lts in mood
transmitters to relieve the effects of
depression.
elevation and reduced anxiety.
• Depression is thought to be
associated with low levels of
norepinephrine and dopamine.

••• • •
Mild to moderate depression Relieve symptoms of clinical Endogenous, reactive depression

c
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Panic disorder
depression, manic-depression, and
psychosis
• Depression related to alcohol and
cocaine withd ra wal
VI
m
VI
• Severe depression in patients who
have failed to respond to other
• Reserved for patients who fail to
respond w ell to other antidepressants
treatment (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors [SSRis])
n
0
z
•• Hypersensitivity to SSRis
Concurrent use of monoamine oxidase
• Impaired renal or hepatic fun ction • Acute recovery phase of myoca rdial
ischemia or severe coronary artery
-1 (MAO) inhibitors disease
~ • Hyperthyroidism
n
>
c
• Zoloft may cause delusional and
aggressive behavior
• Coronary artery disease, congestive
heart failure, hypertension,
• History of suicidal behavior or
ideations
-1 cerebro-vascular defects
6
z • Possible hypertensive crisis with
ingestion of caffeine and tyramine

!!!
•• Insomnia, anxiety
Palpitations, headache
• Orthostatic hypotension, seizures,
hypertensive crisis
• Sedation, orthostatic hypotension,
arrhythmias
0
m
•••
Dyspepsia
Diarrhea, tremor, excessive sweating
• Weight gain, sexual dysfunction,
edema, blurred vision, diarrhea
• Cholinergic effects: dry mouth,
headache, urina ry retention
Sexual dysfun ction, seizures, pruritis
z 1. Monitor liver function studies 1. Check the blood work for effects on 1. Older clients are more susce ptible to
c throughout the time of therapy. platelets. morning orthostatic hypotension.
::0
VI 2. Check the client's history for possible 2. Teach the client to avoid food s and 2. Administer at bedtime.
z
G\
seizure disorders due to low er seizure beverages with caffeine and tyramine 3. Advise the client to stop smoking.
threshold. (aged cheese, sour cream, beer, figs, 4. Teach the client to avoid alcohol.
~ 3. Do not give with MAO inhibitors. wine, pickled herring) to prevent
"C 4. Do not stop taking medication. hypertensive crisis.
r-
n Wit hdraw al should be gradual, not
abrupt.
3. Teach the client that while he or she
is on the medication, he or she
~ should not take any other medications,
5
z
VI
prescription or OTC, without checking
with a health care provider.

Treating Disease I Drugs

670 BIOMEDICINE

ANTIHISTAMINES

ACTION • Competitively block the H,-receptor sites on effector cells and impede histamine-mediated
responses

•• Prevent and treat allergic reactions

Allergic transfusion reactions
USES
•• Motion sickness and insomnia
Used with epinephrine in the management of anaphylaxis
CONTRAINDICATION
• Sensitivity to antihistamines

•• History of acute asthmatic problems

Pregnancy and lactation
PRECAUTIONS
•• Urinary obstruction
Glaucoma

• Benadryl: Sedation, disturbed coordination, epigastric distress, thickening of bronchial secretions,

dry mouth, drowsiness; not recommended for injection (oral use only)

••
SIDE EFFECTS
Vistaril: Drowsiness, dry mouth, hypotension; potentiates narcotics and barbiturates
Antivert: Drowsiness, dry mouth; oral use only

BRONCHODILATORS

ACTION
•• BetarSelective adrenergic agonists .
Sympathomimetic agents relax the beta2-receptors to relax the smooth muscles in the
bronchioles, producing dilation.

USES
•• Short-acting preparations to treat acute exacerbations of asthma
Short-term relief of bronchoconstriction due to bronchitis and emphysema
• Long-term control of chronic airway problems (Serevent PO)

CONTRAINDICATION •• Cardiovascular disease, thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus

Lactation, sensitivity, seizure disorders

PRECAUTIONS •• Sensitivity to sympathomimetics

Terbutaline: Not given to children 12 years of age and under

•• Tremors
Anxiety
SIDE EFFECTS •• Convulsions
Tachycardia
•• Headache
Blood pressure changes

DIURETICS

ACTION
• Loop diuretics inhibit sodium (Na) and chloride (CI) reabsorption through direct action primarily
in the ascending loop of Henle but also in the proximal and distal tubules.
• Thiazide diuretics act primarily on the distal tubules, inhibiting Na and Cl reabsorption .

USES • Treat edema that involves fluid volume excess resulting from a number of disorders of the
heart, liver, or kidney

CONTRAINDICATIONS
•• Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides
Severe adrenocortical impairment, anuria, progressive oliguria
• Fluid and electrolyte depletion

PRECAUTIONS
•• Hepatic cirrhosis and coma
Renal dysfunction
• Bronchial asthma

SIDE EFFECTS
•• Unusual tiredness, weakness, dizziness
Irregular heart beat, weak pulse, orthostatic hypotension
• Tinnitus, hearing loss (Lasix)

Treating Disease I Drugs

 BIOMEDICINE 671

HYPERTENSION ABC

•• Blood pressure is regulated by cardiac output (CO) and peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) .
Medications that influence either one of these systems leads to blood pressure control.
CLASSIFICATION • Body systems that regulate CO, PVR, and blood pressure include the vascular, cardiac, and renal
systems and the sympathetic nervous system.
• Antihypertensive drugs that influence these systems to lower the blood pressure are angiotensin-
converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta-adrenergic blockers, and calcium channel blockers (CCBs).

• A - ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a vasoconstrictor. This
block causes vasodilation and therefore decreases PVR, resulting in a decrease in blood pressure.
Aldosterone is also blocked, causing a decrease in sodium and water retention .
ACTION
• B- Beta-adrenergic blockers prevent sympathetic stimulation of the heart, thereby reducing heart
rate and contractility.
• C - CCBs block calcium influx into the beta-receptors, decrease the force of the myocardial
contraction, reduce the heart rate, and decrease PVR.

USES
•• Mild to moderate essential hypertension
Frequently in combination either as separate drugs or in a combination drug
• Beta-adrenergic blockers are among the most widely used

BETA-BLOCKERS
EXAMPLES
• lnderal, Tenormin, Lopressor, Corgard

ACTION
• Blocks sympathetic nervous system catecholamines, resulting in reduced renin and aldosterone
release and fluid balance.
• Vasodilation of arterioles leads to a decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance and blood pressure .

USES •• Hypertension, antianginal agents in long-term treatment of angina

Dysrhythmias-suppress sinus and atrial tachydysrhythmias
CONTRA-
INDICATIONS • Pregnancy and lactation

PRECAUTIONS • Can cause bronchoconstriction; use with caution in diabetes, thyrotoxicosis, cerebrovascular
insufficiency, renal or hepatic dysfunction

SIDE EFFECTS •• Hypotension, bradycardia, drowsiness, depression, symptoms of congestive heart failure
Insomnia, wheezing, dyspnea, malaise, lethargy

NITROGLYCERIN vs. DIGITALIS

NITROGLYCE
NITROGLYCERIN DIGITALIS
RIN
CLASSIFICATION Nitrate vasodilator Cardiac glycoside

• Relaxes vascular (arterial and venous) with more

prominent effects on veins, which decreases preload.
• Affects the mechanical and electrica l actions of the
heart, which increase myocardial contract ility.
ACTION • Arteriolar relaxation reduces systemic vascular
resistance, which decreases afterload.
• Alters the electrica l activity in noncontractile tissue
and ventricular muscle (e.g., automaticity,
refractoriness, and impulse conduction).
• Inhibits Na-K ATPase .

USES
•• Relief of anginal pain
In conjunction with beta-blockers or calcium channel
•• Heart failure - improves cardiac output
Atrial fibrillation and flutter
blockers to suppress tachycardia

CONTRA-
•• Hypersensitive clients
Severe anem ia
•• Hypersensitivity
Ventricu lar tachycardia
INDICATibNS •• Acute myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy
Head trauma, cerebra l hemorrhage

PRECAUTIONS
• Severe hepatic or renal disease
• Renal insufficiency, hypokalemia, advanced heart
disease, acute myocardial infarction, incomplete
atrioventricu lar block, pregnancy

SIDE EFFECTS
•• Orthostatic hypotension
Dry mouth, blurred vision
•• Dizziness, headache, malaise, fatigue
Muscle weakness, visual disturbances, anorexia
• Tachycardia, headaches • Hypokalemia, arrhythmias, bradycard ia

Treating Disease I Drugs

672 BIOMEDICINE

NSAIDS NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS

ACTION
• Suppress inflammation by inhibition of cyclooxygenase, an enzyme that is responsible for
synthesis of prostaglandins.
• NSAIDs inhibit the formation and release of prostaglandin.

USES •• Mild to moderate pain relief

Reduce inflammation

CONTRAINDICATIONS •• Hypersensitivity to aspirin

Clients with viral illness

PRECAUTIONS •• Upper gastrointestinal disorders

Renal and hepatic impairment

SIDE EFFECTS •• Dyspepsia, anorexia, nausea and vomiting

Rash, dizziness, heartburn, Gl bleeding

Treating Disease I Drugs

 BIOMEDICINE 673

WESTERN DISEASES AND TCM PATTERNS

WESTERN DISEASE TCM PATIERNS

DIAGNOSTIC METHOD: X-rays or Endoscopy, Signs & symptoms DIAGNOSTIC METHOD: Tongue and Pulse, Signs & symptoms
DISEASE: Peptic Ulcer IDENTIFICATION: Various Patterns

PEPTIC ULCER TCM SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS TCM PATIERNS

The physician finds pain that increases at touch (by palpation) but diminishes with the
application of cold compress. The patient has a robust constitution, a reddish complexion, and
a full, deep voice. He seems assertive and even aggressive. He is constipated and has dark
1ST PATIENT SP Damp-Heat
yellow urine
® Greasy yellow coating
® Full and wiry

The patient is thin. Her complexion is ashen, though her cheeks are ruddy. She is constantly
thirsty, her palms are sweaty, and she has a tendency toward constipation, insomnia, and
2ND PATIENT night sweats. She seems nervous and fidgety ST Yin Deficiency
® Dry and slightly red with no coating
® Thready and slightly rapid

The patient reports that massage and heat somewhat alleviate his pain, which is experienced
as a minor but resistant discomfort. He is temporally relieved by eating. The patient fears
cold, has a pale face sweats spontaneously in the daytime, and wants to sleep a lot. His
3RD PATIENT urine is clear and his urination frequent: sometimes he has to get up in the middle of the SP Yang Deficiency
night to empty his bladder. He appears timid, almost afraid.
® Moist and pale
® Empty

The patient complains of very severe cramping pain, hid movement and effect is ponderous
and heavy. Hot-water bottles relieve the pain, but massaging the abdomen makes it worse .
4TH PATIENT The patient has a bright white face and a tendency toward loose stools. SP/ST Cold-Damp
® Thick, white moist coating
® Tight and slippery

The patient experiences much sour belching and has headaches. Her pa in is sharp, and
although massaging the abdomen makes it diminish, heat and cold have no effect. She seems
5TH PATIENT to precipitate attacks of pain; the pain in also worse during menses. LV invading SP
® Normal
® Wiry

The patient has an extremely severe stabbing pain in the stomach that sometimes goes
around to his back. The pain is much worse after eating and is aggravated by the slightest
touch. He has had episodes of vomiting blood, and produces blackish stools. The patient is
6TH PATIENT ST Blood Stasis
very thin and has a rather dark complexion.
® Darkish purple and has markedly red eruptions on the sides.
® Choppy

INDEX
1 ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS 11 CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
2 ACUTE PANCREATITIS 12 DIABETES
3 ANEMIA 13 ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION
4 ARTHRITIS 14 HYPERTHYROIDISM
5 CARDIAC INSUFFICIENCY 15 INFECTIOUS HEPATITIS
6 CEREBRAL VASCULAR ACCIDENT 16 LIVER CANCER
7 CHOLECYSTITIS 17 PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE
8 CHRONIC GASTRITIS 18 PNEUMONIA
9 CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS 19 SCARLET FEVER
10 COMMON COLD 20 URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS

Diseases to TCM Patterns

674 BIOMEDICINE

1. ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Acute onset, at beginning, eyelids and face are swollen, headaches,
fever, fear of drafts, or red, swollen, painful throat, or cough, Thin white moss Superficial, rapid
WIND-WATER urination is reduced, dark red urine, condition may progress to
entire body with edema
Whole body is swollen, skin is crystal-bright, scanty urine, String-taut, rolling,
DAMP-HEAT sometimes blood in urine, frequent and urgent urination, headache, Greasy yellow moss excess
vertigo, bitter taste in mouth, constipation
Swollen body, bright white face, no appetite, tired spirit, scanty Pale material, white
SP/KD YANG DEF. urine, sometimes no urination, rapid breathing, vertigo , nausea, Soft or weak
moss
vomiting
SP DAMP Yellow face, fatigue, no appetite, vomiting, whole body is swollen Greasy white moss Deep, rolling

2. ACUTE PANCREATITIS
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Soreness in upper abdomen connects to chest and flanks, bitter
Thin white and yellow
LV Ql STAGNATION taste and dry mouth, vomiting, sometimes heat flushes and then String-taut
moss
chills, frustration
Left upper quadrant feels painful and full, no appetite, thrist but String-taut, rolling, and
DAMP-HEAT IN Red material, greasy
no desire to drink, jaundice, fever, pain that sometimes connects
SP,SP,LV yellow moss rapid
to back and shoulder, dark urine, constipation , pain resists touch
Painful upper abdomen, pain that resists touch or stabbing pain
Red material, yellow Superficial, rapid,
LV/GB EXCESS FIRE that connects to back, nausea, vomiting, bitter taste in mouth,
moss string-taut, and excess
fever, irritability, thrist, constipation, scanty, dark urine

3. ANEMIA
PATTERN ... ·. SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Pale or sallow face, pale lips and fingernails, vertigo, fatigue,
SP Ql AND HT Pale material, white Deficient or weak or
palpitations, tinnitus, no appetite, watery stool, late menses with
BLOOD DEFICIENCY pale blood
moss thready

Sallow, yellow face, swollen body, vertigo, no appetite, no taste in

DAMP DISTRESSING Pale material, greasy Soft or rolling or
mouth, nausea, distended abdomen, heavy, tired limbs, watery
SP white moss thready
stool
Face lacks brightness, red cheeks, especially in afternoon, low fever, Red or scarlet Deep, thready, and
LV/KD YIN DEF. dry mouth, vertigo, tinnitus, bleeding gums material rapid
Pale face, pale lips and fingernails, vertigo, spots before eyes, tired
Pale, swollen material,
SP/KD YANG DEF. spirit, tinnitus, lower limbs are weak, no appetite, no taste in Weak
white moss
mouth, watery stool, swollen lower limbs, sometimes amenorrhea

4. ARTHRITIS
~. PA,TTJ.Rl\1 SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Sore, painful joints, pain changes location, sometimes accompanied
WIND Bl White moss Superficial
by fever, chills
Painful joints, fixed pain, movement aggravates pain, heat relieves
COLD Bl White moss Tense
pain, cold weather aggravates pain
Joints are sore and feel heavy, discomfort, fixed pain, numb limbs,
DAMP Bl Greasy moss Soft and moderate
damp weather aggravates pain
WIND-COLD-DAMP Various combinations of the above Variable Variable
WIND-HEAT Red material, yellow
Sore joints, difficult movement, fever, thirst Superficial and rapid
moss
Red material, greasy
DAMP-HEAT Fever, thirst, swollen and painful joints, or red eruptions on skin Rapid and rolling
yellow moss

5. CARDIAC INSUFFICIENCY
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Palpitations and shortness of breath after exertion, fatigue, ashen, Pale material, thin, Thready, or weak and
HT/SP Ql DEF. pale face, spontaneous sweating, little appetite, watery stool white moss knotted
Thready and weak or
Palpitations, asthma, face, eyelids, and four limbs are edemic, Sale material, white
HT/KD YANG DEF. ashen, white face, sweat on forehead, scanty urine, cold limbs moss
knotted, or
intermittent
Purple, darkish
Palpitations, hurried breath, darkish face, purplish lips, painful Thready and hesitant,
HT YANG DEF. AND material, or purple
flanks, lower lips are slightly swollen, coughing with blood, scanty or knotted, or
HT BLOOD STASIS material with red
urine intermittent
spots
Asthma, urgent breathing, saliva and phlegm or even a great
KD YANG DEF. + Pale material, greasy,
amount of foaming phlegm from nose, gray-white face; very cold Intermittent
WATER 7 LU white moss
limbs, copious, cold perspiration, fear, irritability

Diseases to TCM Patterns

 BIOMEDICINE 675

6. CEREBRAL VASCULAR ACCIDENT

PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Slow onset, mouth and eyes are askew, slurred speech, numb or
WINO-PHLEGM, LV trembling limbs, sometimes hemiplegia, vertigo, head is heavy and
YANG ASCENDING painfu l, excess saliva, or sudden loss of consciousness, or sudden Greasy white moss String-taut and rolling
collapsing
PHLEGM-FIRE Sudden collapse, unconsciousness, clenched teeth, clenched palms,
COLLAPSING, LV FIRE tremors, hot body, red face, snoring, throat sounds phlegmy, Red material, greasy String-taut, rolling and
BLAZING headache, vom iti ng, scanty, dark urine, constipation yellow moss excess

COLD-PHLEGM Sudden collapse, tremors, slurred speech, headaches, vertigo, Pale, puffy, darkish
nausea, hemiplegia, pale face, purple lips material Deep and string-taut
YIN AND YANG Open eyes and mouth, unconsciousness, pale face, slightly red Deep, rapid, and
COLLAPSING cheeks, cold, sweat, open hands Variable
thready, or hidden
Ql DEF. + BLOOD Hemiplegia, slurred speech, numb limbs, sore body without Pale material with Deep, thready and
STASIS st rength, fatigue, sallow or pale face darkness, white moss hesitant
Hemiplegia, emaciation, sore or numb body, vertigo, insomnia, red
lV/KD YIN DEF. cheeks, dry mouth, night sweats, quickness to anger, scanty, dark Red material String-taut
urine, const ipat ion

7. CHOLECYSTITIS
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Flank pain or twisting pain, bitter taste and dry mouth, no
LV Ql STAGNATION appetite, nausea, distended epigastrium and abdomen, constipation Normal St ring-taut
or diarrhea
Severe pain in flanks and epigastrium that connects to shoulder,
Cracked material,
LV/GB FIRE intermitt ent fever and chills, dry mouth and throat, distention String-taut and rapid
yellow moss
nausea, constipation
Fla nk pain, distended epigastrium and abdomen, distention,
DAMP-HEAT IN LV Red material, greasy Rolling, rapid and
heaviness, fatigue, fever, nausea, no appetite, thirst but no desire
AND SP yellow moss string-taut
to drink, jaundice, constipation or diarrhea

8. CHRONIC GASTRITIS
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Distended epigastrium and abdomen, no appetite, belching,
LV INVADING SP/ST Thin moss String-taut
soreness, stool passes uncomfortably
SP/ST DEFICIENT Stomach discomfort relieved by cold and pressure, distention, no Pale material, thin
Slow and deficient
COLO appetit e, vomiting of clear liquid white moss
SP DAMP Nausea, vomiting, no thirst, persistent distention, scanty urine Greasy white moss Soft or moderate

9. CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Lower limbs are swollen, chronic intermittent edema, sallow face, Pa le material, wh ite Soft or deficient or
SP YANG DEFICIENCY slow
fatigue, distended chest and abdomen, no appetite, watery stool moss
Chronic condition, reduced urination, swollen abdomen, edema in Pale, swollen, moist
SP/KD YANG DEF. lower body, bright white face, fear of cold, cold limbs, no taste in Weak
material
mouth, sore lower back, watery stool
Headache, vertigo, afternoon fever, red cheeks, night sweats,
LV/KD YIN DEF. tinnitus, dry throat, insomnia, lumbago, irritability, dark, scanty Reddish material Thready and rapid
urine, slight or no edema

10. COMMON COLD

PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Low fever, severe chills, no perspiration, sore limbs, stuffed or
WIND-COLD Thin white moss Superficial and tense
runny nose, itchy throat, cough with clear or white phlegm
High fever, slight chills, headache, sweats, dry or sore throat, thirst,
WIND-HEAT Thin yellow moss Superficial and rapid
cough with thick yellow phlegm, dark urine
Wind-Cold signs + head feels swollen, as if in a sack, heavy, tired
WINO-COLD-DAMP Greasy white moss Soft
limbs, sore, heavy joints
SUMMERHEAT + Wind·Heat signs + nausea, diarrhea, great thirst, irritability, great
Greasy yellow moss Soft and rapid
DAMP sweat, occurs in summer time
Wind·Heat signs + dry nose, cracked lips, dry cough with no Red material, dry Superficial, thready,
DRYNESS
ph legm yellow moss and rapid

Diseases to TCM Patterns

676 BIOMEDICINE

11. CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

P'l~j······ . ... .· · ···•· · :·~~~.~Z<'; . . < j:·> ., ..,,.,...,.. . .· · ·.·.•··· •.... .ii ·.·.. ..• · . . . . . . . . . . TONGVE ·• IWLSE
Pain or feeling of pressure in chest, pain sometimes radiates down Pale material, greasy Rolling and string-taut,
PHLEGM Heart Meridian, left shoulder is sore or numb, coughing of phlegm,
OBSTRUCTING HT moss or soft and moderate
no appetite, conditions often seen in overweight people
Intermittent stabbing pain in Heart or Chest, palpitations, shortness Darkish red or purple Deep, hesitant, or
HT BLOOD STASIS material string-taut
of breath, chest feels oppressed
No pain, or patient has recovered from acute pain, fear of cold; Pale material, white
HT YANG DEF. fatigue, spontaneous sweating, puffy, grayish white face, palpitations Weak, slow, deficient
moss
or empty feeling in chest, clear, copious urine
No pain, or patient has recovered from acute pain, red face Red material or red
HT YIN DEFICIENCY (especially cheeks), palpitations, insomnia, night sweats, thirst but tip of tongue, little Thready and rapid
no desire to drink moss
Vertigo, tinnitus, headache, numb limbs, weak lower back and Red material, little Thready, string-taut, or
LV/KD YIN DEF. knee, dry mouth, night sweat, hot palms and soles, constipation moss rapid

12. DIABETES

Red material, yellow

LU FIRE UJ. Great thirst, drinking of large quantities of water, dry mouth Superficial and rapid
moss
Red material, yellow
ST FIRE MJ. Large appetite and excessive eating, thinness, constipation Rapid
moss
Frequent, copious urination, cloudy urine (as if greasy), progressive Deep, thready, and
KD FIRE LJ. weight loss, dizziness blurred vision, sore back, sometimes Red material
rapid
nied ulceration on skin or

13. ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

Vertigo, headache, painful, red eyes, red face, quickness to anger,

LV FIRE1' irritability, bitter taste and dry mouth, constipation, dark, scanty
urine
PHLEGM Vertigo, sack, poor appetite, nausea,
Thick, greasy moss
OBSTRUCTING SP chest numb limbs
blurred vision, palpitations, insomnia, bitter taste Reddish material,
LV YANG RISING
yellow moss
Red material, little
LV/KD YIN DEF.
moss
KD YANG DEF. Swollen, pale material Weak

14. HYPERTHYROIDISM

String-taut and rapid

LV/HT FIRE1' Red material
with strength

Reddish material, thin

HT YIN DEFICIENCY Thready and rapid
moss

DAMP-PHLEGM Thin, greasy moss Soft or rolling

Rolling and rapid

Scarlet material, thick,

TOXIC-HEAT IN
greasy yellow or black String-taut and rapid
YING/BLOOD LEVEL
moss
painful flanks, chest feels pressure, no appetite, nausea, String-taut
LV Ql STAGNATION Thin moss

Darkish material or
LV Ql STAGNATION palpable mass under ribs, darkish face, material with red or
AND BLOOD STASIS abdomen

pressure, distention, belching, passing gas, little and

LV INVADING SP
usea, diarrhea, slight flank discomfort
soles, Red material, little and
LV YIN DEFICIENCY
moss
face, no appetite, distended abdomen, slight Pale material, white Deficient
SP Ql DEFICIENCY moss

Diseases to TCM Pattems

 BIOMEDICINE 677

16. LIVER CANCER

PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
TOXIC-HEAT IN Irregular fevers, jaundice, dark urine, bleeding from various places, Red material, greasy
LV/GB e.g., nose or anus yellow moss String-taut and rapid

LV BLOOD STASIS
Liver quickly becomes large and painful, pain in fixed places,
darkish face Darkish material Hesitant

LV INVADING SP Distended and painful right flank, full epigastrium, distended

abdomen, ascites, no appetite Greasy white moss String-taut

SP/KD YANG DEF. Progressive emaciation, low spirit, darkish face, day and night
perspiration, no appetite, watery stool Pale material Weak

17. PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE

PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Acute onset, fever, painful lower abdomen, pain resists touch,
TOXIC-HEAT IN yellow, thick, and foul smelling leukorrhea, lower back pain, Red material, yellow
LOWER JIAO frequent or rough urination, no appetite, nausea, dry mouth, moss String-taut and rapid
constipation

QI/BLOOD STAG. IN Painful lower abdomen and hypogastrium, abdomen has falling Pale, dark material,
feeling or stabbing pain, low back pain, leukorrhea, sometimes String-taut and
LOWER JIAO wh ite moss or red
palpable mass in hypogastrium hesitant
dots
Clear leukorrhea, sore lower back, distended lower abdomen that
SP/KD Ql DEF. feels worse after exertion or intercourse, fatigue, swollen lower
limbs, vertigo, fear of cold, no appetite, frequent urination, watery Pa le, white material Weak and soft
stool

18. PNEUMONIA
PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
WIND-HEAT Sudden chills and fever, headache, sore throat, cough, chest pain, Thin white moss or
small amount of thick phlegm, dry mouth Superficial and rapid
thin yellow moss
HEAT OBSTRUCTING
High fever, red face, sweating, but no reduction of fever, or little
Red material, yellow
LU Ql
sweat, thirst and desire to drink, coughing of thick yellow phlegm, Rapid and rolling
sometimes with blood, coa rse respiration, asthma, chest pain moss

Usually occurs during recovery period after a high fever, dry cough, Red or scarlet
LU QI/YIN DEF. little phlegm, afternoon fever, tired spirit, no desire to speak, material, yellow or Deep, thin and rapid
irritability, quickness to anger, scanty, urine, constipation peeled moss
High fever, cough, chest pain, coughing of phlegm with blood or
PC HEAT (YING foul mucus, dry throat, dry mouth but no desire to drink, spirit is Scarlet, dry material, Deep, string-taut,
LEVEL) unclear, sometimes delirious speech, convulsions, red face, grayish moss thready, and rapid
irritability, occasional coma
Shallow respiration, cyanosis, gray-white face, no fever, or suddenly
COLLAPSED Ql Pale material Weak
fa lling fever, cold limbs, cold sweat, muddled spirit

19. SCARLET FEVER

PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Red eruptions on tip
Headache, fever, chills, red, swollen, painful throat, difficulty in
WEI LEVEL of tongue, greasy Superficial and rapid
swallowing, red eyes, nausea, scanty, dark urine
white moss
HEAT IN QI/BLOOD High fever, sw eating, red, ulcerated sore throat, entire body has Red or scarlet
Superficial and rapid
PORTIONS bright punctate eruptions, thirst, dry lips, constipation material, yellow moss
Ql AND BLOOD Eruptions close together, high fever, cough, rapid breathing, Deep scarlet, cracked
Thready and rapid
BOTH "BURNT" difficulty in breathing, gray or blue-green face, sweat thirst material with red dots
High fever, irritability, delirium, spirit is unclear, convu lsions in all
EXTREME HEAT Deep, thready, and
four limbs, eyes rolling up, clenched teeth, blue-green face, skin Red, dry material
GENERATING WIND rapid
eruptions, coarse respiration, cyanosis
Sca ly, dry skin that sheds (desquamation), tired spirit, no appetite,
LU/ST YIN DEF. Red, dry material Deep and thready
dry lips, sore throat, this is a recovery stage

20. URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS

PATTERN SIGNS TONGUE PULSE
Frequent, urgent, and painful urination, dry mouth or thirst, or Red material, greasy
UB DAMP-HEAT Rolling and rapid
fever, backache, or blood in urine moss
KD YIN DEFICIENCY Frequent, urgent, painful urination, scanty urine, warm palms and Red material, greasy
+ DAMP-HEAT Thready and rapid
soles, dizziness, dry mouth, low fever, sometimes interm ittent moss at root
QI/YIN DEFICIENCY Fatigue, vertigo, white face, no appetite, frequent, urgent, and
Normal Deficient
+DAMP-HEAT reduced urination, slight pain, some swelling, sore lower back
Fatigue, no appetite, swollen limbs, cold back, freq uent urination
SP/KD DEFICIENCY Thin white moss Weak
with slight discomfort

Diseases to TCM Patterns

678 BIOMEDICINE

WESTERN DISEASE • FORMULA INDEX

ABDOMINAL MIGRAINE Wu Zhu Yu Tang

ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY Si Ni Tang
ADVANCED STAGES OF VARIOUS Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
AIDS Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang
ALLERGIC COLITIS Si Shen Wan
ALLERGIC PURPURA Gu i Pi Tang
ALLERGIC RHINITIS Gui Zh i Tang I Ge Gen Ta ng I Yu Pi ng Feng San

A ANEMIA (ESP. FROM CHRONIC OZ.) Gu i Pi Tang (esp. fro m chron ic disease) I Si Wu Tang (various etiologies)
ANGIOEDEMA Gui Zhi Tang
APPENDICITIS Da Cheng Qi Tang (acute uncomplicated)
APTHOUS ULCERS Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan
ARTHRITIS Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
ASCITES FROM LIVER CIRRHOSIS Wu Ling San I Wu Pi San I Zhen Wu Tang
AUTOMOMIC DYSTONIA OF THE
Si Shen Wan
INTESTINAL TRACT
AUTONOMIC DYSTONIA Yu Ping Feng San I Gan Mai Da Zao Tang
BENIGN POSITIONAL VERTIGO Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang
BERIBERI Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
Ma Huang Tang I Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan (chronic) I Su Zi Jiang Qi
BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Tang I Ding Chuan Tang
B BRONCHIAL PNEUMONIA Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang
BRONCHIOLITIS Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang I Ding Chuan Tang
BRONCHITIS (ACUTE) Ma Huang Tang I Sang Ju Yin I Yin Qiao San I Xiao Chai Hu Tang I Zhi Sou San
Zhen Wu Tang I Li Zhong Wan I Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang I Sheng Mai San I Su Zi Jiang Qi
BRONCHITIS (CHRONIC}
Tang I Ding Chuan Tang I Er Chen Tang I Wen Dan Tang
CARDIAC ASTHMA Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang
CARDIAC INSUFFICIENCY Si Ni Tang
CENTRAL RETINITIS Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Liu Wei Di Huang Wan
CEREBRAL ARTERIOSCLEROSIS Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
CEREBROVASCULAR SPASM Gui Zhi Tang
CERVICAL EROSION Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan
CERVICAL MYOSITIS Ge Gen Tang (acute)
CERVICITIS Gui Pi Tang
Da Cheng Qi Tang (acute) I Xiao Chai Hu Tang I Si Ni San I Wu Zhu Yu Tang I Da Jian
CHOLECYSTITIS
Zhong I Vue Ju Wan I Sao He Wan (acute or chronic)
CHOLELITHIASIS Si Ni San I Vue Ju Wan
c CHRONIC GLOMERULAR,
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
INTERSTITIAL OR DIFFUSE NEPHRITIS
CIRRHOSIS Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang (early-stage)
COLITIS Xiao Yao San I Li Zhong Wan (chronic) I Si Shen Wan (chronic)
CONGESTIVE HEART DISEASE Gui Pi Tang
CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE Wu Ling San I Wu Pi San I Zhen Wu Tang
CONJUNCTIVITIS Sang Ju Yin (acute) I Long Dan Xie Gan Tang
CONTACT DERMATITIS Xiao Feng San
COR PULMONALE Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
CORNEAL ULCERS Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE Sheng Mai San I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
COSTOCHONDRITIS Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
CYSTITIS Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Ba Zheng San
DEBILITY FROM SEVERE ILLNESS Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
DIABETES MELLITUS Bai Hu Tang I Si Jun Zi Tang I Liu We i Di Huang Wan I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
D DIAPER RASH Xiao Feng San
DIPHTHERIA Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang
DUODENAL ULCERS Li Zhong Wan

Diseases to CA Formulas
 BIOMEDICINE 679

DYSENTERY Ren Shen Bai Du San I Da Cheng Qi Tang (early-stage) I Xiao Yao Sa n (bacillary) I Si
D Shen Wan (chronic) I Huang Lian Jie Du Tang
DYSMENORRHEA (PRIMARY) Si Wu Tang I Yue Ju Wan I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Ta ng I Wen Jing Tang I Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan
ECZEMA Gui Zhi Tang I Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Xiao Feng San
EDEMA FROM PREGNANCY Wu Pi San
EMPHYSEMA Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang
ENCEPHALITIS Ge Gen Tang (early-stage) I Bai Hu Tang I Huang Lian Jie Du Tang
ENDOMETRIOSIS Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan
ENDOMETRITIS Tao He Cheng Qi Tang
ENTERITIS W u Ling San (acute) I Zhen W u Tang (chronic)
ENURESIS Ga n Mai Da Zao Tang
E
EPIDEMIC PAROTITIS Yi n Qiao San I Xiao Chai Hu Tang
EPIDIDYMITIS Long Dan Xie Gan Tang
EPILEPSY Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin I Wen Dan Tang
ESOPHAGEAL SPASM Ba n Xia Hou Po Tang
ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC
BRONCHITIS Yu Ping Feng San

EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC
GASTRITIS Bao He Wan (acute exacerbation)

FAILURE TO THRIVE Liu Wei Di Huang Wan

FEVERS OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang I Gan M ai Da Zao Tang
FIBROCYSTIC BREASTS Si Ni San
FOCAL DISORDERS OF THE HIGHER
NERVOUS FUNCTIONS Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
F (SUCH AS APHASIA AND APRAXIA)
FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL
DISORDERS
Vue Ju Wan I Ban Xia Hou Po Tang

Li Zhong Wan I Gui Pi Tang I Liu Wei Di Huang Wan I Wen Jing Tang I Gu Jing Wan I
FUNCTIONAL UTERINE BLEEDING
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
FUNCTIONAL VOMITING Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang
GALLSTONES Long Dan Xie Gan Tang
GASTRECTASIS Wu Ling San
GASTRIC NEUROSIS Ping Wei San
GASTRIC PROLAPSE Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
GASTRIC ULCERS Li Zhong Wan I Da Jian Zhong Tang
Si Ni San I Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang (chronic) I Li Zhong Wan (acute or chronic) I Wu Zhu
GASTRITIS Yu Tang (chronic) I Da Jian Zhong Tang (chronic) I Si Jun Zi Tang (ch ron ic) I Vue Ju Wan
(chronic) I Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang I Er Chen Tang (chronic) I Wen Dan Ta ng (chronic)
G
Xiao Yao San (acute) I Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang (acute) I Ping Wei San (acut e & chronic) I
GASTROENTERITIS Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San (acute) I Wu Ling San (acute) I W u Zhu Yu Tang (acute) I Si Ni
Tang (acute or chronic) I Bao He Wan (acute)
GASTROPTOSIS Li Zhong Wan
GENITOURINARY INFECTIONS Wu Ling San
GLAUCOMA Long Dan Xie Gan Tang (acute)

GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
Ma Huang Tang (acute) I Ba Zheng San I Wu Pi San (chronic, large dosage 30-60g) I Liu
Wei Di Huang Wan (chronic)
HEART DISEASE Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan
HEAT STROKE Bai Hu Tang I Sheng Mai San
HEMIPLEGIA AFTER
Xiao Huo Luo Dan
CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT
HEMORRHAGIC OR CARDIOGENIC
Sheng Mai San (intravenous drip: modern China)
SHOCK
HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK Zhu Ling Tang
Xiao Chai Hu Tang (acute viral) I Si Ni San I Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang (chronic) I Wu Ling
HEPATITIS San (infectious) I Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (chronic) I Yue Ju Wan (infectious) I Wen Dan
H Tang (chronic) I Sao He Wan
HERPES SIMPLEX Long Dan Xie Gan Tang
HERPES ZOSTER Long Dan Xie Gan Tang
HYDROCELE W u Ling San
HYPERALDOSTERONISM (PRIMARY) Zhen Wu Tang I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan

HYPERTENSION Zhen Wu Tang (primary) I Wu Zhu Yu Tang I Liu Wei Di Huang Wan I Xue Fu Zhu Yu
Tang I Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang I Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
HYPERTENSIVE ENCEPHALOPATHY Tian M a Gou Teng Yin
HYPERTHYROIDISM Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Xiao Yao San I Liu Wei Di Huang Wan I Yu Ping Feng San

Diseases to CA Formulas
680 BIOMEDICINE

HYPOPITUITARISM
H HYPOTHYROIDISM
HYSTERIA
INCOMPLETE PYLORIC OBSTRUCTION
INDIGESTION OR GASTRIC ULCERS
DUE TO HYPERSECRETION OF ACID
INFANTILE INDIGESTION
INFERTILITY
INFLUENZA
INSUFFICIENT LACTATION
INTERCOSTAL NEURALGIA
I
INTESTINAL FLU
--
INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
INTESTINAL SPASMS
INTESTINAL TUBERCULOSIS AND
CHRONIC DIARRHEA
INTRACTABLE ARTHRITIS
IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION
IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME
t: I JAUNDICE
LARYNGITIS
LEIOMYOMA (UTERINE FIBROIDS)
LEUKORRHEA
"
LOBAR PNEUMONIA
LOCHIOSCHESIS
-
Si Ni Tang
Zhen Wu Tang I Si Ni Tang I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
Ban Xia Hou Po Tang I Gan Mai Da Zao Tang
Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang
Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang
Ping Wei San
Wen Jing Tang I Si Wu Tang
Ma Huang Tang I Gui Zhi Tang I Ge Gen Tang I Sang Ju Yin I Yin Qiao San I Chai Ge
Jie Ji Tang 1 Ren Shen Bai Du San I Xiao Chai Hu Tang I Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San
Si Wu Tang
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Xiao Chai Hu Tang I Vue Ju Wan I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San
Si Ni San I Tao He Cheng Qi Tang
Da Jian Zhong Tang
Zhen Wu Tang
Si Ni Tang
Si Wu Tang I Wen Jing Tang
Xiao Yao San I Li Zhong Wan I Si Jun Zi Tang
Xiao Chai Hu Tang
Ban Xia Hou Po Tang (chronic)
Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan
Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang
I I
Ma Huang Tang Bai Hu Tang Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang
Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan

~¥
LOWER BACK PAIN Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang (chronic)
LYMPHAOENITIS Xiao Chai Hu Tang
MALARIA Xiao Chai Hu Tang
MASTITIS Si Ni San
MEASLES Yin Qiao San I Ren Shen Bai Du San (early-stage)
Wu Ling San I Zhen Wu Tang I Wu Zhu Yu Tang I Er Chen Tang I Wen Dan Tang I Ban
MENIERE'S DISEASE
Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang
MENINGITIS Yin Qiao San (early-stage) I Bai Hu Tang
MENOPAUSAL EDEMA Wu Pi San

~-If ""!-
MENOPAUSAL SYNDROME Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang I Wen Jing Tang I Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan I Gan Mai Da Zao Tang
MIGRAINE HEADACHE Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Wu Zhu Yu Tang
MIGRAINE Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
c-,
MILD BRONCHITIS (ESP. IN
Yu Ping Feng San
CHILDREN)
MORNING SICKNESS Wu Zhu Yu Tang I Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang
:\,:, MYASTHENIA GRAVIS Bu Zhong Vi Qi Tang I Gui Pi Tang
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Si Ni Tang (acute)
,',,, Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang I Wu Ling San (acute & chronic) I Zhen Wu Tang I Bu Zhong Vi
NEPHRITIS (CHRONIC)
Qi Tang I Liu Wei Di Huang Wan
Si Jun Zi Tang I Gui Pi Tang I Liu Wei Di Huang Wan I Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan I Tian
NEURASTHENIA
Wang Bu Xin Dan
i" NEUROGENIC BLADDER SYNDROME
NEUROGENIC HEAOACHE
Wu Ling San
Wu Zhu Yu Tang I Si Wu Tang
,',
NEUROSIS
Vue Ju Wan (some types) I Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin I Gan Mai Da Zao Tang I Wen Dan
Tang
NONSPECIFIC ACUTE COLITIS Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San
OPTIC NERVE ATROPHY Liu Wei Di Huang Wan
OPTIC NEURITIS Liu Wei Di Huang Wan
"'

ORAL HERPES Li Zhong Wan

_Q,
ORCHITIS Long Dan Xie Gan Tang
OSTEOARTHRITIS Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang I Xiao Huo Luo Dan
OVARIAN CYSTS Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan
PANCREATITIS Da Cheng Qi Tang (acute) I Da Jian Zhong Tang (chronic) I Bao He Wan (acute)
p Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Tao He Cheng Qi Tang I Wen Jing Tang (chronic) I Gui Zhi Fu
PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE Ling Wan (chronic) I Gu Jing Wan (chronic)

Diseases to CA Formulas

PEPTIC ULCER
PERIODIC PARALYSIS
PERIODONTITIS
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS DISORDERS
PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
PERSONALITY DISORDERS
PERTUSSIS
PNEUMONIA
PNEUMONITIS FROM MEASLES
POLIO (EARLY-STAGE)
POLYCYSTIC OVARIES
POST-BYPASS DEBILITY
POSTCONCUSSION SYNDROME
POSTOPERATIVE CONSTIPATION AND
DISTENSION
p POSTPARTUM PROBLEMS
(INCLUDING URINARY
INCONTINENCE, LOCHIOSCHESIS,
AND INSUFFICIENT LACTATION)
POSTPARTUM WEAKNESS
POST-SURGICAL FEVERS
POST-SURGICAL HICCOUGH
POSTPARTUM FEVER
PROLAPSED RECTUM
PROLAPSED UTERUS
PROSTATITIS
PROTEIN-DEFICIENCY EDEMA
PSORIASIS
PSYCHOSIS
PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
PURULENT SKIN LESIONS
PYELONEPHRITIS
RAYNAUD'S PHENOMENON
RECURRENT MISCARRIAGE
RENAL FAILURE
RENAL HYPERTENSION
R RETAINED PLACENTA
RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE
RHEUMATIC VALVULAR HEART OZ.
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
ROUNDWORM IN THE BILE DUCT
SALPINGITIS
SCHIZOPHRENIA
SCHONLEIN-HENOCH PURPURA
SEPTICEMIA
SEQUELAE OF POLIMYELITIS
STOMACH FLU
s STOMATITIS
SUMMER-HEAT STROKE
SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA
SUPRAVENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS
SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
SURGICAL INFECTIONS
TENDONITIS OR BURSITIS OF THE
SHOULDER
THREATENED MISCARRIAGE
T THROMBOCYTOPENIC
TINEA INFECTION
TO INDUCE LABOR
BIOMEDICINE 681
Si Ni San I Ping Wei San I Si Jun Zi Tang I Vue Ju W an I Er Chen Ta ng I W en Dan
Tang
Si Jun Zi Tang
Bai Hu Tang
Xiao Huo Luo Dan
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
Gui Pi Tang
Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang I Zhi Sou San
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang I Da Cheng Qi Tang (especially in children)
Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang
Ge Gen Tang I Yin Qiao San
Wen Jing Tang
Sheng Mai San
Gui Pi Tang I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
Da Cheng Qi Tang
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
Si Wu Tang
Qing Hao Bie Jia Tang
Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang
Gui Zhi Tang I Xiao Cha i Hu Tang
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (1st or 2nd degree)
Ba Zheng San
Wu Pi San
Xiao Feng San
Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
Xiao Chai Hu Tang I Sheng Mai San I Liu Wei Di Huang Wan
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Xiao Chai Hu Tang (acute)
Si Ni San
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
Wu Ling San (chronic)
Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
Tao He Cheng Qi Tang
Sheng Mai San
Zhen Wu Tang I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
Zhen Wu Tang I Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang I Xiao Huo Luo Dan
Da Cheng Qi Tang
Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan (chronic)
Wen Dan Tang (early-stage)
Xiao Feng San
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang
Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
Ge Gen Tang
Ba Zheng San
Sheng Mai San
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang
Sheng Mai San
Gui Pi Tang
Ren Shen Bai Du Sa n
Ge Gen Tang
Si Wu Tang
Gui Pi Tang
Xiao Feng San
Ping Wei San
Diseases to CA Formulas
682 BIOMEDICINE
TO REDUCE THE RECOVERY TIME
AFTER GASTRIC SURGERY
TONSILLITIS
TOOTHACHE
TOXIC BACILLARY DYSENTERY
T TRACHEITIS
TRANSITORY ISCHEMIC ATTACKS
TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA
TUBERCULAR MENINGITIS
TUBERCULOSIS OF THE COLON
UNCOMPLICATED INTESTINAL
OBSTRUCTION
UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT
INFECTION
URETHRITIS
URINARY CALCULI
u
URINARY TRACT CALCULI
URINARY TRACT INFECTION
URTICARIA
UTERINE FIBROIDS
UVEITIS
v VIRAL AND MYCOPLASMIC
PNEUMONIA
Diseases to CA Formulas
Si Jun Zi Tang
Sang Ju Yin (acute)
Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang
Ban Xia Hou Po Tang
Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin
VVu Zhu Yu Tang I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang
Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang
Si Shen VVan
Da Cheng Qi Tang I Da Jian Zhong Tang
Ma Huang Tang I Gui Zhi Tang I Ge Gen Tang I Sang Ju Yin I Yin Qiao San I Ren Shen
Bai Du San I Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang I Xiao Chai Hu Tang I Yu Ping Feng San I Er Chen
Tang I Zhi Sou San
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang I Ba Zheng San I Jin Gui Shen Qi VVan (chronic)
Da Jian Zhong Tang
Ba Zheng San
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang I Zhu Ling Tang (upper or lower) I Liu VVei Di Huang W an
Gui Zhi Tang I Ge Gen Tang I VVu Pi San I Si VVu Tang I Xue Fu Zhu Yu Tang I Tian
Wang Bu Xin Dan (chronic) I Xiao Feng San
Si Jun Zi Tang
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang
Zhi Sou San (early-stage)
 CHAPTER 7

Laws·CNT
5!~
 LAW,CNT 685

1399.412 Translation Required

LAWS & REGULATIONS 2007 1399.413 Application Deadline
1399.414 Denial of Applications
1399.415 Documentation of Training
1399.416 Equivalent Training and Clinica l Experience
ACUPUNCTURE LICENSURE ACT
I CHAPTER 12. ACUPUNCTURE

ARTIClE 1. ADMINISTRATION AND GENERAL PROVISIONS

1399.417
1399.419
Qualifying for Certification
Abandonment of Applications
Review & Processing of Exam Applications

SECTION ARTICLE 3. ACUPUNCTURE TUTORIALS

~ Acupuncture licensure Act SECTION
4926 legislative intent 1399.420 Citation and Reference
4927 Definitions 1399.421 Definitions
4928 Acupuncture Board 1399.422 Prior Approval to Practice an Acupuncture Trainee
4929 Composition 1399.423 Prior Approval to Supervise an Acupuncture Trainee
4929.5 com position 1399.424 Filing of Applications : Credit for Prior Training
4930 Term 1399.425 Requirements for Approva l of an Acupuncture Tutorial
4931 Compensation 1399.426 Supervising Acupuncturist's Responsibilities
4933 Board Administers ; Regulations Quorum 1399.427 Trainee's Responsibilities
4934 Personnel 1399.428 Termination or Modification of Tutorial
1399.429 Application for Examination
ARTICLE 2. CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS 1399.430 Denial, Suspension or Revocation of Registration as a
SECTION Supervisor
~ Unlawful Practice 1399.431 Denial, Suspension or Revocation of Registration as a
4937 Practice of Acupuncture Trainee
4938 Qualifications Required 1399.432 Proceedings
4939 Approval of Schools and Training Programs
4940 Tutorial Programs ARTICLE 3.5 ACUPUNCTURE TRAINING PROGRAMS
4941 Credit Granted SECTION
4944 Evaluation of Applicants 1399.436 Criteria for Approval of Acupuncture Training Programs
4945 Continuing Education 1399.437 Documentation Required for Approval
4946 Report to the Legislature: Standards & Statistics 1399.438 Suspension or Revocation of Approval
4947 Exemptions 1399.439 School Monitoring : Recording: Reporting
4948 Exemption - 2075 Research
4949 Guest - Acupuncturists ARTICLE 4. EXAMINATIONS & DEMONSTRATIONS OF COMPETENCY
SECTION
ARTIClE 4. ENFORCEMENT 1399.440 Location
SECTION 1399.441 languages
~ Unprofessional Conduct 1399.443 Examination Content
4956 Conviction 1399.444 lapsed Licenses; Examination
4959 Recovery of investigation and Prosecution Costs
4960 Disciplinary Proceedings ARTICLE 5. STANDARDS OF PRACTICE
4960.5 Disciplinary Proceedings SECTION
4961 Display of license 1399.450 Conditions of Office
4963 Injunctions 1399.451 Treatment Procedures
4964 Continuation of Prior Laws 1399.452 Treatment Outside the Office
1399.453 Record keeping
ARTICLE 5. RENEWAL 1399.455 Advertising
SECTION 1399.456 Use of Title "Doctor"
~ Expiration of license - Birth Date Renewal
4966 Renewal of Expired License ARTICLE 6. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
4967 lapsed License SECTION
4969 Suspended and Revoked license 1399.460 Fees
1399.461 Acupuncture Tutorials
ARTICLE 6. REVENUE 1399.462 Continuing Education Fee
SECTION 1399.463 Authority to Issue Citations of Fines
~ Fees 1399.464 Exceptions
4971 Tutorial Programs Fees 1399.465 Citation; Assessment of Fine
4972 Regulations Fixing Fees 1399.466 Compliance with Orders of Abatement
4973 School Application and Inspection Fee 1399.467 Citations for Unlicensed Practice
4974 Report to Control ler 1399.468 Contest of Citations
1399.469 Disciplinary Guidelines
ARTICLE 7. ACUPUNCTURE CORPORATIONS
SECTION ARTICLE 7. ACUPUNCTURE CORPORATIONS
49'7s- Acupuncture Corporations SECTION
4976 Unprofessional Conduct 1399.470 Citation and Authority
4977 Unprofessional Conduct 1399.475 Requirements for Acupuncture Corporation
4977.1 Income 1399.476 Name style
4977.2 Directors, Shareholders, and Officers 1399.477 Shares : Ownership and Transfer
4978 Corporation Name 1399.478 Trusts
4979 Regulations 1399.478 Corporate Activities

ARTIClE 8. CONTINUING EDUCATION

SECTION

I
ARTICLE 1.
ACUPUNCTURE REGULATIONS
CHAPTER 13.7. ACUPUNCTURE BOARD

GENERAL PROVISIONS
I 1399.480
1399.481
1399.482
1399.483
Definitions
Criteria for Provider Approval
Approved Providers
Approval of Continuing Education Courses
SECTION 1399.484 Application for Course Approval
1399.400 Citation 1399.485 Instructors
1399.403 Definitions 1399.486 Advertisements
1399.405 Delegation of Functions 1399.487 Denial, Withdrawal and Appeal of Approval
1399.406 Filling of addresses 1399.488 Processing Times for Provide and course Request
Applications
ARTIClE 2. APPLICATIONS GENERALLY 1399.489 Continuing Education Compliance
SECTION 1399.489.1 Inactive licence
1399.410 Verification 1399.489.2 Continuing Education: Courses in Practice Management
1399.411 Certification of Documentation and Med ical Ethics

Laws & Regulations

686 LAW,CNT
ACUPUNCTuRE ·.t.lCINSURE ACT
c.wfrm·•.12. A.t!JPUNm-uR£
[ARTICLE 1. ADMINISTRATION AND GENERAL PROVISIONS]
4927 DEFINITIONS
(d) "Acupuncture" means the stimulation of a certain point or
points on or near the surface of the body by the insertion of
needles to prevent or modify the perception of pain or to
normalize physiological functions, including pain control, for the
treatment of certain diseases or dysfunctions of the body and
includes the techniques of electroacupuncture, cupping, and
moxibustion
4928 ACUPUNCTURE BOARD: 7 members
4929 COMPOSITION: 3 Acupuncturist members (with a least
5 years of experience in acupuncture and not licensed as
physicians and surgeons) + 4 Public members (who do not hold a
license or certificate as a physician and surgeon or acupuncturist)
: The Senate Rules Committee and the speaker of the Assembly
shall each appoint a public member
4930 TERM: 4 years
[ARTICLE 2. CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS]
4935 UNLAWFUL PRACTICE:
(a) Any person who practices acupuncture or holds himself or
herself out as practicing or engaging in the practice of
acupuncture, unless he or she possesses a current and valid
acupuncturist's license, is guilty of a misdemeanor.
(c) A person holds himself or herself out as engaging in the
practice of acupuncture by the use of any title or description of
services incorporating the words "Acupuncture", "Acupuncturist"
"Certified acupuncturist", those words or phrases, or by
representing that he or she is trained, experienced, or an expert
in the field of acupuncture, oriental medicine, or Chinese
medicine.
4937 PRACTICE OF ACUPUNCTURE: An acupuncturist's license
authorizes the holder thereof
(b) To perform or prescribe the use of oriental massage,
acupressure, breathing techniques, exercise, or heat, cold, diet,
magnets, plants, animal and mineral products, and dietary
supplements to promote, maintain and restore health
4938 QUALIFICATION REQUIRED
(e) On and after January 1, 1987, individuals with 800 or more
hours of documented clinical training shall be deemed to have
met this requirement.
4940 TUTORIAL PROGRAMS
(b) - (5) Has at least 10 years of experience practicing as an
acupuncturist and has been licensed in this state for at least 5
years
4945 CONTINUING EDUCATION
(b) The Board shall require each acupuncturist to complete 50
hours of continuing education every two years as a condition for
renewal of his or her license.
Laws & Regulations
I 4949 GUEST-ACUPUNCTURISTS: The guest acupuncturist may
engage in the practice of acupuncture in conjunction with these
lectures, clinics, or demonstrations for a maximum of 6 months,
but may not open an office or appoint a place to meet patients
or receive calls from patients or otherwise engage in the practice
of acupuncture.
[ARTICLE 4. ENFORCEMENT]
4960.5 DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDINGS:
(1) At least 3 years for reinstatement of a license revoked or surrendered.
(2) At least 2 years for early termination of probation of 3 years
or more.
(3) At least 2 years for modification of a condition of probation.
(4) At least 1 year for early termination of probation of less than
3 years.
4961 DISPLAY OF LICENSE
(a) A person licensed by the board shall register within 30 days
after the date of his or her licensure.
(b) An acupuncturist licensee shall post his or her license in a
conspicuous location in his or her place of practice at all times. If
an acupuncturist has more than one place of practice, he or she
shall obtain from the board a duplicate licence for each additional
location and post the duplicate license at each location.
(c) Any licensee that changes the location of his or her place of
practice shall register each change within 30 days of making that
change.
[ARTICLE 5. RENEWAL]
4965 EXPIRATION OF LICENSE: Birth Date Renewal
(a) Licenses issued pursuant to this chapter shall expire on the
last day of the birth month of the licensee during the second
year of a 2 year term, if not renewed.
4966 RENEWAL OF EXPIRED LICENSE: Except as provided in
Section 4969, a license that has expired may be renewed at any
time within 3 years after its expiration by filing of an application
for renewal on a form provided by the board, paying all accrued
and unpaid renewal fees, and providing proof of completing
continuing education requirements.
[ARTICLE 6. REVENUE]
4970 FEES
(c) The initial license fee = $325
(d) The renewal fee = $325
(j) The duplicate license = $15
 LAW,CNT 687

ACUPUNCTURE REGULATIONS
CHAPTER 13.7. ACUPUNCTURE BOARD

[ARTICLE 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS)

l 1399.456 USE OF TITLE "DOCTOR": It is unprofessional conduct for
an acupuncturist to use the title "Doctor" or the abbreviation
"Dr." in connection with the practice of acupuncture unless he or
she possesses a licence or certificate which authorizes such use or
possesses an earned doctorate degree from an accredited,
1399.406 FILING OF ADDRESSES: Each person holding a license,
approved or authorized educational institution.
registration, approval or any other authority issued under this
: The use of the title "Doctor" or the abbreviation "Dr." by an
chapter shall file his or her proper and current mailing address
acupuncturist as authorized above without further indicating the
with the board, and shall notify the board, in writing, within 30
type of license, certificate or degree which authorizes such use,
days of any and all changes of mailing address, giving both the
constitutes un professional conduct.
old and new address.

[ARTICLE 6. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS )

[ARTICLE 2. APPLICATIONS GENERALLY J
1399.460 FEES
1399.419 REVIEW & PROCESSING OF EXAM APPLICATIONS: Within
(e) An expired license may be renewed at any time within 3
30 calendar days from the date the written examination is
years after its expiration. The licensee will be required to pay all
administered, candidates will be notified of their results, and if
accursed any unpaid renewal fees, plus any delinquency fee
passed, will be offered, upon payment of the specified fee, a
(f) The delinquency fee is $25.
license to practice acupuncture.

[ARTICLE 8. CONTINUING EDUCATION)

[ARTICLE 4. EXAMS & DEMONSTRATIONS OF COMPETENCY)

1399.489 CONTINUING EDUCATION COMPLIANCE

1399.444 lAPSED LICENSES: EXAMINATION: Any acupuncturist
(f) Each acupuncturist shall retain for a minimum of 4 years of all
whose license has been expired for more than 3 years and who
continuing education programs attended which indicate the
is applying for a new license under Section 4967 of the code shall
provider's name, title of the course or program, date(s) and
be required to take and pass the written examination before a
location of course, and number of continuing education credits
new license may be issued.
awarded.

1399.489.1 INACTIVE LICENSE

[ARTICLE 5. STANDARDS OF PRACTICE )
(b) In order to restore an inactive license to active status, the
licensee shall have completed a minimum of 50 hours of approved
1399.450 CONDITION OF OFFICE
continuing education within the last 2 years in compliance with
(a) Every acupuncture office shall be maintained in a clean and
this article. In event a license has been inactive less than 2
sanitary condition at all times, and shall have a readily accessible
years, a minimum of 25 hours of continuing education will be
bathroom facility.
required.
(b) In all offices where non-disposable needles are used, there
shall be functioning sterilization equipment.

1399.451 TREATMENT PROCEDURES

(a) The acupuncturist's hands shall be brush-scrubbed with soap
and warm water immediately before examining patients or
handling acupuncture needles and other instruments, and between
patients.
(d) In the event an acupuncture needle inserted in a patient
breaks subcutaneously, the treating acupuncturist shall immediately
consult a physician. An acupuncturist shall not sever or penetrate
the tissues in order to excise such a needles.
(e) Any complication, including but not limited to hematoma,
peritonitis or penumothorax arising out of acupuncture treatment
shall be referred immediately to a physician or dentist or
podiatrist, if appropriate, if immediate medical treatment is
required.
(f) Acupuncture shall not be performed using hypodermic needles.

1399.453 RECORD KEEPING: An acupuncturist shall keep complete WHAT'S BEEN CHANGED
and accurate records on each patient who is given acupuncture
treatment, including but not limited to, treatments given and ACUPUNCTURE LICENSURE ACT
progress made as a result of the acupuncture treatments. • Oriental 7 Asian
• 9-member board 7 7-member board
1399.45S ADVERTISING e 30 CEU 7 50 CEU
(b) It is improper advertising as provided in Section 4955 of the
code to disseminate any advertising which represents in any ACUPUNCTURE REGULATIONS
manner that the acupuncturist can cure any type of disease, • Use needles labeled for single use only
condition or symptom.

Laws & Regulations

688 LAW,CNT

CLEAN NEEDLE TECHNIQUE

5TH EDITION

I THE COMMUNICATION OF DISEASE I

1. NATURAL BARRIERS
• Skin and mucous membranes of the nose, throat, urethra, and rectum
• Stomach acid
• Healthy cells of the nose and lungs
• Normal mucus and saliva
• Nonspecific factors: tears, urine, acidity of vaginal secretions

2. TWO TYPES OF INFECTION

I AUTOGENOUS INFECTION I Caused by pathogens that the patient is already carrying J

I CROSS INFECTION I Caused by pathogens acquired from another person I
3. HEPATITIS
e A, B, Non-B (C,D,E)

I A, E I Transmitted via fecal-contaminated food and water I

I 8, c, D I Transmitted via blood and/or sexual exposure J
1) HEPATITIS A (HAV)
• Mainly due to poor sanitation and overcrowding
• Incubation period 15-50 days. abrupt onset with high fever to 100.4"F
• Other Sx: loss of appetite, fatigue, fever, muscle aches, nausea and vomiting
• 2 weeks later: jaundice
• Most common in children and young adults, peak in autumn
• Symptoms are mild, nor chronic carrier states, HAV vaccination available

2) HEPATITIS B (HBV)
• BLOODBORNE pathogen, most serious threat to health care workers
• Due to IV users and high sexual activity, Most common between 15-29 years age.
• Incubation period 50-180 days
• Begins with mild flu-like symptoms such as fever, malaise, insidious onset of anorexia, abdominal pain
• Other Sx: chills, nausea, joint pains, rash, and diarrhea
• 2-3 weeks later: extreme fatigue and depression lasting for months.
• Of these who recover from symptoms, 70% remain infectious for 3 or more months
• 5-10% are lifelong carriers and they may develop cirrhosis of the liver and liver cancer
• There is no biomedical tx for HBV
• For some cases HBIG may provide protection. Developed in 1981, three vaccine injection and evidence of HBsAb
reveal immunity

3) HEPATITIS C (HCV)
• Transmitted by exposure to contaminated blood. Mostly found in adults
• Most common in transfusion associated hepatitis
• Most prevalent in IV drug users
• No Vaccine.
• Incubation period 20-90 days with most occurring 5-10 weeks after exposure
• Communicability: 1st week to Chronic Stage
• Insidious onset with anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice
• 50% develop chronic hepatitis and many progress to cirrhosis and cancer

4) HEPATITIS D (HDV)
• A.k.a. Delta Hepatitis, it is often found in combination with HBV infection in the U.S.
• It requires HBV in order to replicate
• Most cases occur in IV drug users and hemophiliacs

Clean Needle Technique

 LAW,CNT 689

S) HEPATITIS E
• A.k.a. epidemic non-A, non-B hepatitis, Most common in developing country. Rare in U.S.
• Mostly due to fecal contamination of water
• Incubation period is 15-60 days
• Sudden onset of fever, malaise, nausea and anorexia .
• Pregnant women have high (20%) mortality rate

~ SUMMARY OF HEPATITIS CHARACTERISTICS ~

TYPE INCUBATION TRANSMISSION ONSET VACCINE CHRONIC

Hepatitis A 15-50 days Fecal-oral Abrupt Yes No
Hepatitis 8 50-180 days Blood borne Insidious Yes 5-10%
Hepatitis c 20-90 days Blood borne Insidious No 50%
Hepatitis D Unknown Unknown Unknown No Unknown
Hepatitis E 15-60 days Fecal-oral Abrupt No No

TYPE Signs & symptoms

Hepatitis A Fever, nausea/vomiting, fatigue, no appetite, muscle ache
Hepatitis 8 Flu like, joints pain, fatigue, depression ; Children= asymptomatic
Hepatitis C Adult= After chronic carrier 7 cirrhosis, Liver cancer
Hepatitis D Need He~atitis B replicated fulminating
Hepatitis E Epidemic in Africa, rare in the U.S., sudden onset

4. HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY DISEASE (HIV)

1. DEFINITION

• Two types of HIV: HIV-1, HIV-2

• HIV targets CD4(T4) lymphocytes as its host. T4 cells play important role in the immune system
• HIV by destroys the T4 lymphocytes producing immune deficits
2. WHO IS AT RISK?

• No longer limited to male homosexual, IV drug users, today unsafe sex practice, and transplcental
• Due to its long incubation period (2-15 years to AIDS), most infected individuals are unaware
• HIV may be transmitted via bodily fluid, blood, semen, or vaginal secretions
3. INFECTION PROCESS

• Initially after infection, febrile illness in 2-4 weeks which resolve spontaneously
• Immune damage progress, Most common symptoms are malaise, body aches, fever, skin rash, lymphadenopathy
• Other Sx: weight loss, chronic diarrhea, fever and night sweats, persistent cough

• Develop other opportunistic infections: candidiasis, cytomegalovirus, Kaposi's sarcoma, and Pneumocystis carinii
(1neumonia, the most common opportunistic infection and cause of death in AIDS
4. CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF AIDS PATIENTS

• "Wasting Disease", involuntary weight loss, chronic diarrhea, constant or intermittent weakness
• If HIV enters CSF: encephalopathy, myelopathy, peripheral neuropathy, dementia, death

• Varies among patients: Cofactor; i.e. stress, poor nutrition, alcohol, drug, STD may contribute
5. PROTECTION FOR PATIENTS, PRACTITIONERS, AND STAFF (YEARLY PHYSICAL)

• PPD (tuberculosis test) once/year

• Practitioner who work in an inner city clinic, with AIDS patients or drug addicts: every 6 month

Clean Needle Technique

690 LAW,CNT

THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF CNT

1. 3 CATEGORIES OF NAF RECOMMENDATIONS: Critical, Strongly recommended, recommended

2. DEFINITIONS

1) STERILIZATION Procedure to destroy all microbial life, including VIRUS

• In acupuncture, all that pierce the skin and those instruments that hold the needles must be sterile
(needle, plum-blossom storage tray, forceps, Wide tubes)
• Primary sterilization for protect the practitioners and staff, second sterilization for protect patient
2) CONTAMINATION Introduction to sterile environment a disease causing agent or organism
3) ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE Technique for preventing infection during needling
4) ANTISEPTIC Products design to destroy microbial life on LIVING TISSUE particularly on skin
5) DISINFECTANTS Use of chemical to destroy or reduce the number of pathogens on INANIMATE object some
bacteria, spores, viruses may resist lethal effects of many chemicals

3. BASIC PRINCIPLES (5 Basic elements to CNT)

1) Always wash hands between patients
2) Always wash hands just prior to inserting needles if hands are contaminated
3) Always use "DISPOSABLE" sterile needles
4) Always establish clean field
5) Always immediately isolate used needles

• HAND WASHING: Single most important action in preventing cross-infection

• CONTAMINATED NEEDLES: Greatest source of risk to the practitioner and patient

4. CHOICE OF INSTRUMENTS
1) ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLE: All acupuncture needles that penetrate the skin be sterile
e FILIFORM
e DISPOSABLE NEEDLES are mandatory

5. STERILIZATION OF INSTRUMENTS
1) PROTOCOL: travel kit, office procedure

2) METHOD OF STERILIZATION: Physical agents, such as moist and dry heat, play the major role in sterilization, and
chemical germicides are used primarily for disinfection and antiseptics.
AUTOCLAVE 30 minutes at 250"F, 15 pounds pressure with rapid decompression at the end
DRY HEAT 2 hours at 338"F

3) ENSURING PROPER FUNCTION OF STERILIZERS

• High level disinfectant may be used for rubbers and plastics
• Sterilizer should be loaded with enough air space between packages
• Permit full circulation and penetration of steam and hot air
• If more than one layer - should be laid criss-crossed
• BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS: Most reliable assurance of verifying that equipment has been sterilized

6. UNACCEPTABLE PROCEDURES: Boiling water, soaking in Alcohol (antiseptic), Glass beads, Pressure Cookers

7. DOUBLE STERILIZATION PROCEDURE

PRELIMINARY • Immediately after use without cleaning or handling

STERILIZATION
• Uses chemical sporicical sterilant (only for 1st sterilization)

FINAL
• Clean debries and inspect the needles after the 1st sterilization

STERILIZATION • Package into handleable pack: packaging provide protection from contamination during
storage and permit removal of single needle without touching other needles

8. LABELING OF STERILIZED EQUIPMENTS

9. STORAGE OF STERILIZED EQUIPMENTS AFTER STERILIZATION

• Heat-sealed paper, plastic pouches are safe for 6 month
• Metal needle tray are NOT good for long-term storage of sterile needles lids do not seal

Clean Needle Technique

 LAW,CNT 691

1. CLEAN FIELD vs. STERILE FIELD (more rigorous operating rooms)

2. CLEAN NEEDLE TECHNIQUE

1) HAND WASHING
• Immediately before the acupuncture procedure
• After contact with Blood, blood, body fluids or obvious environmental contamination
• At the end of treatment

2) 2 TYPES OF MICROORGANISM ON THE SKIN

• Transient: Those picked up from one patient and transferred to another patient: Soap is sufficient for cleaning
• Resident: Extra risk for immuno-compromised patients - Germicidal soap must be used

"'STAPHYLOCOCCUS : most serious contaminant found on SKIN

3) PREPARING THE SITE FOR INSERTION OF A NEEDLE

• 70% isoprophyl alcohol as antiseptic agent is adequate for preparing a patient's skin
• Swabbing is acceptable for 2nd washing in area with no sink
• For lmmuno-compromised patients: Batadyne followed by alcohol swab or benzylconium

3. USE OF GLOVES
• Procedure which causes bleeding
• Patients with open lesions or weeping exudates
• working with known HIV or HBV patients
• when practitioner has cuts on his-her hands
• In setting where large number of patients are HIV or HBV + such as chemical dependency center

4. HANDLING OF NEEDLE STICKS

1) Most common form of cross-infection is needle stick: 58%-80% of the exposure to HIV in health care is needle stick

2) Risk of infection from needle stick

e HIV: 0.5%
e HBV: 6-30%
• Once stuck by needle: If negative at initial test : follow up with 6, 12, 48 weeks or 3, 6, 12 months check up

3} OSHA also requires that employees maintain confidential medical records on all employees including information about
the employees's hepatitis B vaccination status and medical evaluation of an employee after an exposure incident. The
records must be retained for at least the duration of the employment plus 30 years.

Clean Needle Technique

692 LAW,CNT

APPENDIX

APPENDIX A - OFFICE HYGIENE

1. OFFICE ENVIRONMENT: A sink with hot and cold running water must be located in or near the treatment rooms
2. CLOTHING
• Should wear clean, washable or disposable protective clothing while performing treatment
• The fabric should be chosen to avoid trapping and shedding contaminating particles or microorganisms in the clean field
• Loose or large jewelry, clothing, and hair styles that touch the client or break the clean field should be avoided

APPENDIX B - CLINICAL GUIDELINES FOR SAFE ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT

1. DEPTH OF NEEDLE INSERTION
• RN12: 0.5 inch in a thin patient
• Head and face: superficially or obliquely
• Region with caution: UBl, STl, DU16, DU15, RN22, near the femoral artery or groin

2. MANAGEMENT OF ACCIDENTS

• CAUSE: nervous tension, hunger, fatigue or extreme weakness, forceful manipulation

...!: • MANAGEMENT: remove needles ¢ elevate leg ¢ warm drink I acupuncture

z • ACUPUNCTURE
•GV26, PC6
z
"""'
G\ •ST36 if needling has been done in the upper half of the body
•LI4 if needling had been done in the lower part of the body

• If the symptoms are still unrelieved, call for 911

~ • Give
Relax muscle ¢ massage or tap the skin around the point

,.. • Turn another

c:
n puncture nearby so as to relax the muscle
• it slightly in the opposite direction until it becomes loose

al
:Ill
• Remain calm and advise the patient not to move
•Above the skin: remove with forceps
,..
0
m •Same level: press the tissues around the site until the it is exposed
z
•Under the skin: seek medical help

3. MANAGEMENT OF INADVERTENT INJURY TO IMPORTANT ORGANS

1) LUNG

•• Pneumothroax: pain in the chest, cough, dyspnea, pallor, cyanosis, coma, etc.
Withdraw the needle immediately ¢ 911
2) HEART, LIVER, SPLEEN, KIDNEY

• Exam organ enlargement

• PUNCTURING LV/SP: rupture with bleeding, abdominal pain, rigidity of the abdominal muscles, and/or
rebound pain upon pressure
• region, and bloody urine, Coma may result if blood loss is great
PUNCTURING KD: pain in the lumbar region, tenderness and pain upon percussion around the kidney

• c 911
3) BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD

• Such points as GV15, GV16, or other GV points above T1

• cBleeding and other severe consequences: Convulsions, paralysis, and coma
• 911
4) BLOOD VESSEL
• VEIN: Direct pressure for 30 seconds to 1 minutes should be sufficient
e ARTERY: Up to 5 minutes may be required
5) OTHER ORGANS

• Special care should also be taken when puncturing in regions close to the stomach, intestine, urinary
bladder, gallbladder and eyes

Clean Needle Technique

 LAW,CNT 693

4. SAFETY ISSUES WITH SPECIAL TECHNIQUES

1) ELECTRICAL STIMULATION: Don't used Silver needles because they are softer than stainless steel, for they may
electrolyze in the body very quickly and may result in a toxic reaction
2) MOXIBUSTION
• If the burn is very small in area, 1st or 2nd degree : apply sterile gauze over a burn ointment
• If a burn is severe, of if there are any signs of infection : refer the patient to a physician
3) BLEEDING TECHNIQUES
• It is suggested that two layers of gloves be used

APPENDIX C - FREE INFORMATION ABOUT COMMUNICABLE DISEASE

APPENDIX D - DISINFECTANTS

CONTAMINATED NEEDLE DROPPED ON FLOOR

(1) Pick up with gloves and forceps. DO NOT USE FINGER!
(2) Throw away in the DOUBLE BAG
(3) Use DISINFECTION SPRAY to clean up the floor
TO CLEAN THE BLOOD
¢ Use SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE (i.e. household bleach) solutions should be made within 24 hours of use
(1) For smooth surface = 1 : 100 concentration
(2) For porous surface of organic material = 1 : 10 concentration

APPENDIX E - INFORMED CONSENT

APPENDIX F - RECORD KEEPING

• Records of daily appointment schedules must be retained.

APPENDIX G - HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK

APPENDIX H - OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA) GUIDELINES

e Testing HIV
•Initial: ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)
•Supplemental I confirmatory: IFA (immunofluorescent assay) and Western blot

Clean Needle Technique

 HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL MEDICINE 3rd Edition

ADDENDUM FOR HERBS SECTION

PAGE SUBJECTS

2 CA  HERB  LIST  –  Categories

8 CA  HERB  LIST  –  Alphabetical

13 CA  HERB  LIST  –  Nature

19 CATEGORY  COMPARISON  /  ALTERNATIVE  NAMES

20 OMITTED  HERBS  /  ADDED  HERBS

21 13  NEW  HERBS

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 1

 CA HERB LIST CATEGORIES

F  =  83  CA  Formulas

PINYIN CN/KR LATIN ENGLISH NATURE F

1.  DISPERSE  WIND‐COLD

GUI  ZHI 桂枝(계지) Cinnamomi  Ramulus    cinnamon  twig acrid,  sweet  /  warm  /  HT  LU  UB ●
ZI  SU  YE 紫蘇葉(자소엽) Perillae  Folium  perilla  leaf acrid,  aromatic  /  warm  /  LU  SP ●
JING  JIE 荊芥(형개) Schizonepetae  Herba  schizonepeta  acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LU  LV ●
FANG  FENG 防風(방풍) Saposhnikoviae  Radix    siler  acrid,  sweet  /  sl  warm  /  UB  LV  SP ●
QIANG  HUO 羌活(강활) Notopterygii  Rhizoma  seu  Radix    notopterygium  root acrid,  bitter,  aromatic  /  warm  /  UB  KD ●
GAO  BEN 藁本(고본) Ligustici  Rhizoma    chinese  lovage  root acrid  /  warm  /  UB  DU
BAI  ZHI 白芷(백지) Angelicae  Dahuricae  Radix  angelica  root acrid  /  warm  /  LU  ST  SP ●
SHENG  JIANG 生薑(생강) Zingiberis  Rhizoma  Recens fresh  ginger acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LU  SP  ST ●
XIANG  RU 香薷(향유) Moslae  Herba  aromatic  madder acrid,  aromatic  /  sl  warm  /  LU  ST
CANG  ER  ZI 蒼耳子(창이자) Xanthii  Fructus  xanthium  fruit sweet,  bitter  /  warm,  toxic  /  LU
XIN  YI  HUA 辛夷花(신이화) Magnoliae  Flos  magnolia  flower acrid  /  warm  /  LU  ST

2.  DISPERSE  WIND‐HEAT

BO  HE 薄荷(박하) Menthae  Haplocalycis  Herba field  mint acrid,  aromatic  /  cool  /  LU  LV ●
NIU  BANG  ZI 牛蒡子(우방자) Arctii  Fructus burdock  fruit acrid,  bitter  /  cold  /  LU  ST ●
CHAN  TUI 蟬蛻(선태) Cicadae  Periostracum cicada  moulting sweet,  salty  /  sl  cold  /  LU  LV ●
SANG  YE 桑葉(상엽) Mori  Folium mulberry  leaf sweet,  bitter  /  cold  /  LU  LV ●
JU  HUA 菊花(국화) Chrysanthemi  Flos chrysanthemum  flower sweet,  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  LU  LV ●
MAN  JING  ZI 蔓荊子(만형자) Viticis  Fructus vitex  fruit bitter,  acrid  /  cool  /  UB  LV  ST
DAN  DOU  CHI 淡豆豉(담두시) Sojae  Semen  Preparatum prepared  soybean sweet,  sl  bitter  /  cold  or  warm  /  LU  ST ●
MU  ZEI 木賊(목적) Equiseti  Hiemalis  herba scouring  rush sweet,  bitter  /  neutral  /  LV  LU  GB
GE  GEN 葛根(갈근) Puerariae  Radix kudzu  root sweet,  acrid  /  cool  /  SP  ST ●
CHAI  HU 柴胡(시호) Bupleuri  Radix hare’s  ear  root bitter,  acrid  /  cool  /  GB  LV  PC  SJ ●
SHENG  MA 升麻(승마) Cimicifugae  Rhizoma bugbane  rhizome sweet,  acrid  /  sl  cold  /  LI  LU  SP  ST ●

3.  CLEAR  &  PURGE  HEAT

SHI  GAO 石膏(석고) Gypsum  Fibrosum            gypsum sweet,  acrid  /  very  cold  /  LU  ST ●
ZHI  MU 知母(지모) Anemarrhenae  Rhizoma anemarrhena  rhizome bitter,  sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  KD ●
ZHI  ZI 梔子(치자) Gardeniae  Fructus gardenia  fruit bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LU  ST  LV  SJ ●
DAN  ZHU  YE 淡竹葉(담죽엽) Lophatheri  Herba lophatherum sweet,  bland  /  cold  /  HT  SI  ST ●
XIA  KU  CAO 夏枯草(하고초) Prunellae  Spica selfheal  spike bitter,  acrid  /  cold  /  GB  LV
LU  GEN 蘆根(노근) Phragmitis  Rhizoma reed  rhizome sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST ●
TIAN  HUA  FEN 天花粉(천화분) Trichosanthis  Radix trichosanthes  root bitter,  sl  sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST ●
JUE  MING  ZI 決明子(결명자) Cassiae  Semen cassia  seed bitter,  sweet,  salty  /  sl  cold  /  LV  LI  KD

4.  CLEAR  BLOOD‐HEAT

SHUI  NIU  JIAO 水牛角(수우각) Bubali  Cornu water  bufflao  horn salty  /  cold  /  HT  LV  ST
SHENG  DI  HUANG 生地黃(생지황) Rehmanniae  Radix rehmannia  root sweet,  bitter  /  cold  /  HT  KD  LV ●
XUAN  SHEN 玄參(현삼) Scrophulariae  Radix figwort  root salty,  sweet,  bitter  /  cold  /  KD  LU  ST ●
MU  DAN  PI 牧丹皮(목단피) Moutan  Cortex tree  peony  bark acrid,  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LV  KD  ●

5.  CLEAR  DAMP‐HEAT

HUANG  QIN 黃芩(황금) Scutellariae  Radix scute bitter  /  cold  /  LU  ST  GB  LI ●
HUANG  LIAN 黃連(황련) Coptidis  Rhizoma coptis  root bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LI  LV  ST ●
HUANG  BAI 黃柏(황백) Phellodendri  Cortex amur  cork‐tree  bark bitter  /  cold  /  KD  UB ●
LONG  DAN  CAO 龍膽草(용담초) Gentianae  Radix gentiana bitter  /  cold  /  GB  LV  ST ●
KU  SHEN 苦參(고삼) Sophorae  Flavescentis  Radix sophora  root bitter  /  cold  /  UB  HT  LV  LI  ST  SI ●
QIN  PI  秦皮(진피) Fraxini  Cortex ash  bark bitter,  astringent  /  cold  /  GB  LI  LV  ST ●

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 2

 6.  CLEAR  TOXIC‐HEAT
JIN  YIN  HUA 金銀花(금은화) Lonicerae  Flos honeysuckle  flower sweet  /  cold  /  LI  LU  ST ●
LIAN  QIAO 連翹(연교) Forsythiae  Fructus forsythia  fruit bitter,  sl  acrid  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LU  GB ●
BAN  LAN  GEN 板藍根(판남근) Isatidis  Radix isatis  root bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LU  ST
PU  GONG  YING 浦公英(포공영) Taraxaci  Herba dandelion bitter,  sweet  /  cold  /  LV  ST
BAI  JIANG  CAO 敗醬草(패장초) Patriniae  Herba patrinia acrid,  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  LI  LV  ST
BAI  TOU  WENG 白頭翁(백두옹) Pulsatillae  Radix pulsatilla bitter,  cold  /  LI  ST ●
HE  YE 荷葉(하엽) Nelumbinis  Folium lotus  leaf bitter,  sl  sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  LV  SP
TU  FU  LING 土茯苓(토복령) Smilacis  Glabrae  Rhizoma smilax sweet,  bland  /  neutral  /  LV  ST
SHAN  DOU  GEN 山豆根(산두근) Sophorae  Tonkinensis  Radix bushy  sophora bitter  /  cold  /  LU  LI
SHE  GAN 射干(사간) Belamcandae  Rhizoma blackberry  lily  rhizome bitter  /  cold  /  LU

7.  CLEAR  SUMMER‐HEAT

QING  HAO 靑蒿(청호) Artemisiae  Annuae  Herba sweet  wormwood bitter  /  cold  /  KD  LV  GB ●
DI  GU  PI 地骨皮(지골피) Lycii  Cortex wolfberry  root  bark sweet,  bland  /  cold  /  LU  LV  KD
BAI  WEI 白薇(백미) Cynanchi  Atrati  Radix swallowwort  root bitter,  salty  /  cold  /  LU  ST  KD

8.  PURGATIVES
DA  HUANG 大黃(대황) Rhei  Radix  et  Rhizoma rhubarb  root bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LI  LV  ST ●
MANG  XIAO 芒硝(망초) Natrii  Sulfas mirabilite acrid,  bitter,  salty  /  very  cold  /  ST  LI ●
LU  HUI 蘆薈(노회) Aloe aloe  bitter  /  cold  /  LI  LV  ST

9.  LAXATIVES
HUO  MA  REN 火麻仁(화마인) Cannabis  Semen hemp  seeds sweet  /  neutral  /  LI  SP  ST ●

10.  DRAIN  DAMP

FU  LING 茯苓(복령) Poria poria sweet,  bland  /  neutral  /  HT  SP  KD  LU ●
ZHU  LING 豬苓(저령) Polyporus polyporus sweet,  bland  /  sl  cool  /  SP  KD  UB ●
ZE  XIE 澤瀉(택사) Alismatis  Rhizoma water  plantain sweet,  bland  /  cold  /  KD  UB ●
YI  YI  REN 薏苡仁(의이인) Coicis  Semen coix  seed sweet,  bland  /  sl  cold  /  LU  SP  ST  KD ●
CHE  QIAN  ZI 車前子(차전자) Plantaginis  Semen plantago  seed sweet  /  cold  /  UB  KD  LV  LU ●
HUA  SHI 滑石(활석) Talcum talc sweet,  bland  /  cold  /  ST  UB ●
CHUAN  MU  TONG 川木通(천목통) Clematidis  Armandii  Caulis clematidis  caulis bland,  bitter  /  cold  /  UB  HT  SI ●
DENG  XIN  CAO 燈心草(등심초) Junci  Medulla juncus  pith sweet,  bland  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LU  SI ●
QU  MAI 瞿麥(구맥) Dianthi  Herba lilac  pink bitter  /  cold  /  UB  HT  SI ●
BIAN  XU 萹蓄(편축) Polygoni  Avicularis  Herba knotgrass bitter  /  sl  cold  /  UB ●
SHI  WEI 石葦(석위) Pyrrosiae  Folium pyrrosia  leaf bitter,  sweet  /  sl  cold  /  UB  LU
DI  FU  ZI 地膚子(지부자) Kochiae  Fructus broom  cypress  fruit sweet,  bitter  /  cold  /  UB  KD
DONG  GUA  ZI 冬瓜子(동과자) Benincasae  Semen winter  melon  seed sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  LI  SI
DONG  KUI  ZI 冬葵子(동규자) Malvae  Fructus mallow  fruit sweet  /  cold  /  UB  LI  SI
BI  XIE 萆薢(비해) Dioscoreae  Hypoglaucae  Rhizoma tokoro bitter  /  neutral  /  UB  LV  ST ●
YIN  CHEN 茵蔯(인진) Artemisiae  Scopariae  Herba virgate  wormwood bitter  /  sl  cold  /  LV  SP  GB  ST ●
HAN  FANG  JI 漢防己(한방기) Stephaniae  Tetrandrae  Radix stephania  root bitter,  acrid  /  cold  /  UB  SP  KD 

11.  DISPEL  WIND‐DAMP

DU  HUO 獨活(독활) Angelicae  Pubescentis  Radix pubescent  angelica  root bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  KD  UB ●
WEI  LING  XIAN 威靈仙(위령선) Clematidis  Radix clematis  root acrid,  salty  /  warm  /  UB
HAI  TONG  PI 海桐皮(해동피) Erythrinae  Cortex coral‐bean  bark bitter,  acrid  /  neutral  /  LV  SP  KD
MU  GUA 木瓜(목과) Chaenomelis  Fructus chinese  quince  fruit sour  /  warm  /  LV  SP
SANG  JI  SHENG 桑寄生(상기생) Taxilli  Herba mulberry  mistletoe bitter,  sweet  /  neutral  /  KD  LV ●
WU  JIA  PI 五加皮(오가피) Acanthopanacis  Cortex acanthopanax  root  bark acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  KD  LV
QIN  JIAO 秦艽(진교) Gentianae  Macrophyllae  Radix gentiana  macrophylla  root bitter,  acrid  /  sl  cold  /  GB  LV  ST ●
SANG  ZHI 桑枝(상지) Mori  Ramulus mulberry  twig bitter  /  neutral  /  LV ●
XI  XIAN  CAO 豨薟草(희첨초) Siegesbeckiae  Herba siegesbeckia bitter  /  cold  /  KD  LV
BAI  HUA  SHE 白花蛇(백화사) Bungarus multibanded  krati sweet,  salty  /  warm,  toxic  /  LV

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 3

 12.  DISSOLVE  HOT‐PHLEGM
QIAN  HU 前胡(전호) Peucedani  Radix hog‐fennel  root bitter,  acrid  /  sl  cold  /  LU ●
CHUAN  BEI  MU 川貝母(천패모) Fritillariae  Cirrhosae  Bulbus sichuan  fritillaria  bulb bitter,  sweet  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LU ●
ZHE  BEI  MU 浙貝母(절패모) Fritillariae  Thunbergii  Bulbus zhejiang  fritillaria  bulb bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LU
GUA  LOU 瓜蔞(과루) Trichosanthis  Fructus trichosanthes  fruit sweet  /  cold  /  LI  LU  ST ●
GUA  LOU  PI 瓜蔞皮(과루피) Trichosanthis  Pericarpium trichosanthes  peel sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  LI
GUA  LOU  REN 瓜蔞仁(과루인) Trichosanthis  Semen trichosanthes  seed sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  LI ●
ZHU  RU 竹茹(죽여) Bambusae  Caulis  in  Taeniam bamboo  shavings sweet  /  sl  cold  /  LU  ST  GB ●
HAI  ZAO 海藻(해조) Sargassum seaweed bitter,  salty  /  cold  /  KD  LV  LU  ST

13.  DISSOLVE  COLD‐PHLEGM

BAN  XIA 半夏(반하) Pinelliae  Rhizoma pinellia acrid  /  warm,  toxic  /  LU  SP  ST ●
TIAN  NAN  XING 天南星(천남성) Arisaematis  Rhizoma  jack‐in‐the‐pulpit bitter,  acrid  /  warm,  toxic  /  LV  LU  SP ●
DAN  NAN  XING 膽南星(담남성) Arisaema  Cum  Bile bile‐prepared  Arisaema bitter  /  cool,  sl  toxic  /  LV  LU  SP ●
BAI  JIE  ZI 白芥子(백개자) Sinapis  Semen white  mustard  seed acrid  /  warm  /  LU
JIE  GENG 桔梗(길경) Platycodi  Radix balloon  flower  root bitter,  acrid  /  neutral  /  LU ●
XUAN  FU  HUA 旋覆花(선복화) Inulae  Flos inula  flower bitter,  acrid,  salty  /  sl  warm  /  LV  LU  ST  SP
BAI  QIAN 白前(백전) Cynanchi  Stauntonii  Rhizoma swallow  wort  rhizome acrid,  sweet  /  sl  warm  /  LU ●

14.  STOP  COUGH  &  WHEEZING

XING  REN 杏仁(행인) Armeniacae  Semen  Amarum apricot  kernel bitter  /  sl  warm,  sl  toxic  /  LU  LI ●
ZI  WAN 紫菀(자완) Asteris  Radix aster  root acrid,  bitter  /  sl  warm  /  LU ●
ZI  SU  ZI 紫蘇子(자소자) Perillae  Fructus perilla  fruit acrid  /  warm  /  LI  LU ●
PI  PA  YE 枇杷葉(비파엽) Eriobotryae  Folium loquat  leaf bitter  /  neutral  /  LU  ST
BAI  BU 百部(백부) Stemonae  Radix stemona  root sweet,  bitter  /  sl  warm  /  LU ●
SANG  BAI  PI 桑白皮(상백피) Mori  Cortex mulberry  root  bark sweet  /  cold  /  LU ●

15.  AROMATICS  FOR  DAMP

CANG  ZHU 蒼朮(창출) Atractylodis  Rhizoma atractylodes  rhizome acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  SP  ST ●
HOU  PO 厚朴(후박) Magnoliae  Officinalis  Cortex magnolia  bark bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  LI  LU  SP  ST ●
HUO  XIANG 藿香(곽향) Pogostemonis  Herba patchouli acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LU  SP  ST ●
SHA  REN 砂仁(사인) Amomi  Fructus grains‐of‐paradise  fruit acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  SP  ST ●
BAI  DOU  KOU 白豆蔲(백두구) Amomi  Fructus  Rotundus round  cardamon acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  LU  SP  ST
CAO  DOU  KOU 草豆蔲(초두구) Alpiniae  Katsumadai  Semen katsumada  galangal  seed acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  SP  ST
CAO  GUO 草果(초과) Tsaoko  Fructus tsaoko  fruit acrid  /  warm  /  SP  ST

16.  DIGESTIVES
SHAN  ZHA 山査(산사) Crataegi  Fructus hawthorn  fruit sour,  sweet  /  sl  warm  /  LV  SP  ST ●
SHEN  QU 新曲(신곡) Massa  medicata  Fermentata medicated  leaven sweet,  acrid  /  warm  /  SP  ST ●
MAI  YA 麥芽(맥아) Hordei  Fructus  Germinatus barley  sprout sweet  /  neutral  /  LV  SP  ST ●
GU  YA 穀芽(곡아) Setariae  Fructus  Germinatus grain  sprout sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  ST
LAI  FU  ZI 萊菔子(내복자) Raphani  Semen radish  seed acrid,  sweet  /  neutral  /  LU  SP  ST ●
JI  NEI  JIN 雞內金(계내금) Gigeriae  Galli  Endothelium  Corneum chicken  gizzard sweet  /  neutral  /  UB  SI  SP  ST

17.  REGULATE  QI
CHEN  PI 陳皮(진피) Citri  Reticulatae  Pericarpium tangerine  peel acrid,  bitter  /  warm,  aromatic  /  LU  SP  ST ●
JU  HONG 橘紅(귤홍) Citri  Reticulatae  Exocarpium  Rubrum tangerine  flavedo acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  LU  ST ●
QING  PI 靑皮(청피) Citri  Reticulatae  Viride  Pericarpium immature  tangerine  peel bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  GB  LV  ST
ZHI  SHI 枳實(지실) Aurantii  Fructus  Immaturus immature  bitter  orange bitter,  acrid  /  sl  cold  /  LI  SP  ST ●
ZHI  KE 枳殼(지각) Aurantii  Fructus bitter  orange bitter,  acrid  /  sl  cold  /  SP  ST  LI ●
DA  FU  PI 大腹皮(대복피) Arecae  Pericarpium areca  husk acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LI  SI  SP  ST ●

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 4

XIANG  FU 香附(향부) Cyperi  Rhizoma cyperus acrid,  sl  bitter,  sl  swt  /  neutral  /  LV  SJ  GB ●
MU  XIANG*  木香(목향) Aucklandiae  Radix  saussurea acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  GB  LI  SP  ST  SJ ●
WU  YAO 烏藥(오약) Linderae  Radix lindera  root acrid  /  warm  /  UB  KD  LU  SP

CHEN  XIANG 沈香(침향) Aquilariae  Lignum  Resinatum aquilaria  wood acrid,  bitter  /  warm,  aromatic  /  KD  SP  ST

TAN  XIANG 檀香(단향) Santali  Albi  Lignum sandalwood acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  LU  SP  ST ●
CHUAN  LIAN  ZI 川楝子(천련자) Toosendan  Fructus sichuan  chinaberry bitter  /  cold,  sl  toxic  /  UB  LV  SI  ST ●

18.  STOP  BLEEDING

SAN  QI 三七(삼칠) Notoginseng  Radix pseudoginseng sweet,  sl  bitter  /  warm  /  LV  ST

PU  HUANG 蒲黃(포황) Typhae  Pollen cattail  pollen sweet,  acrid  /  neutral  /  LV  HT  SP 

QIAN  CAO 茜草(천초) Rubiae  Radix madder  root bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LV

DI  YU 地楡(지유) Sanguisorbae  Radix garden  burnet  root bitter,  sour  /  sl  cold  /  LV  LI  ST

HUAI  HUA 槐花(괴화) Sophorae  Flos  Immaturus pagoda  tree  bud bitter  /  cool  /  LV  LI  ●
CE  BAI  YE 側柏葉(측백엽) Platycladi  Cacumen chinese  arborvitae bitter,  astringent  /  sl  cold  /  LU  LV  LI ●
BAI  MAO  GEN 白茅根(백모근) Imperatae  Rhizoma lalang  grass  rhizome sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  SI  UB

XIAN  HE  CAO 仙鶴草(선학초) Agrimoniae  Herba agrimony bitter,  astringent  /  neutral  /  LU  LV  SP

AI  YE 艾葉(애엽) Artemisiae  Argyi  Folium mugwort  leaf bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  SP  LV  KD ●

19.  ACTIVATE  BLOOD

CHUAN  XIONG 川芎(천궁) Chuanxiong  Rhizoma cnidium acrid  /  warm  /  LV  GB  PC ●
DAN  SHEN 丹參(단삼) Salviae  Miltiorrhizae  Radix salvia  root bitter  /  sl  cold  /  HT  PC  LV ●
YAN  HU  SUO  延胡索(연호색) Corydalis  Rhizoma corydalis  acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  HT  LV  ST

YU  JIN 鬱金(울금) Curcumae  Radix curcuma  acrid,  bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LU  LV

JIANG  HUANG 薑黃(강황) Curcumae  Longae  Rhizoma turmeric  acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  SP  ST  LV ●
YI  MU  CAO 益母草(익모초) Leonuri  Herba motherwort  herb acrid,  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LV  UB ●
ZE  LAN 澤蘭(택란) Lycopi  Herba bugleweed bitter,  acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LV  SP

CHI  SHAO 赤芍(적작) Paeoniae  Radix  Rubra red  peony  root sour,  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  LV  SP ●
TAO  REN 桃仁(도인) Persicae  Semen peach  kernel bitter,  sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  LI  LV  LU ●
HONG  HUA 紅花(홍화) Carthami  Flos safflower acrid  /  warm  /  HT  LV ●
E  ZHU 莪朮(아출) Curcumae  Rhizoma curcuma  zedoaria bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  LV  SP

SAN  LENG 三棱(삼릉) Sparganii  Rhizoma bur‐reed  rhizome bitter,  acrid  /  neutral  /  LV  SP

RU  XIANG 乳香(유향) Olibanum frankincense acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  HT  LV  SP ●
MO  YAO 沒藥(몰약) Myrrha myrrh bitter  /  neutral  /  HT  LV  SP ●
HUAI  NIU  XI 淮牛膝(회우슬) Achyranthis  Bidentatae  Radix achyranthes  root bitter,  sour  /  neutral  /  LV  KD  ●
CHUAN  NIU  XI 川牛膝(천우슬) Cyathulae  Radix cyathula  root sweet,  bitter  /  neutral  /  LV  KD ●
WANG  BU  LIU  XING 王不留行(왕불유행) Vaccariae  Semen vaccaria  seed bitter  /  neutral  /  LV  ST

20.  WARM  INTERIOR

FU  ZI 附子(부자) Aconiti  Radix  Lateralis  Preparata aconite  accessory  root acrid  /  hot,  toxic  /  HT  KD  SP ●
CHUAN  WU* 川烏(천오) Aconiti  Radix  Preparata    sichuan  aconite  root acrid,  bitter  /  hot,  very  toxic  /  LV  SP ●
CAO  WU 草烏(초오) Aconiti  Kusnezoffii  Preparata wild  aconite  root acrid,  bitter  /  hot,  very  toxic  /  LV  SP  KD ●
GAN  JIANG 乾薑(건강) Zingiberis  Rhizoma dried  ginger acrid  /  hot  /  HT  LU  SP  ST ●
ROU  GUI 肉桂(육계) Cinnamomi  Cortex cinnamon  bark acrid,  sweet  /  hot  /  HT  KD  LV  SP ●
WU  ZHU  YU 吳茱萸(오수유) Evodiae  Fructus evodia  fruit acrid,  bitter  /  hot,  sl  toxic  /  LV  SP  ST ●
HUA  JIAO 花椒(화초) Zanthoxyli  Pericarpium prickly‐ash  peel acrid  /  hot,  sl  toxic  /  KD  SP  ST ●
GAO  LIANG  JIANG 高良薑(고량강) Alpiniae  Officinarum  Rhizoma galanga acrid  /  hot  /  SP  ST

DING  XIANG 丁香(정향) Caryophylli  Flos clove acrid  /  warm  /  KD  SP  ST

XIAO  HUI  XIANG 小茴香(소회향) Foeniculi  Fructus fennel  fruit acrid  /  warm  /  LV  KD  SP  ST

BI  BA 蓽茇(필발) Piperis  Longi  Fructus long  pepper acrid  /  hot  /  ST  LI

HU  JIAO  胡椒(호초) Piperis  Fructus pepper acrid  /  hot  /  LI  ST

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 5

 21.  QI  TONICS
REN  SHEN 人蔘(인삼) Ginseng  Radix ginseng  sweet,  sl  bitter  /  sl  warm  /  LU  SP ●
DANG  SHEN 黨參(당삼) Codonopsis  Radix codonopsis sweet  /  neutral  /  LU  SP ●
HUANG  QI 黃蓍(황기) Astragali  Radix milkvetch  root sweet  /  sl  warm  /  LU  SP ●
SHAN  YAO 山藥(산약) Dioscoreae  Rhizoma chinese  yam sweet  /  neutral  /  KD  LU  SP ●
BAI  ZHU 白朮(백출) Atractylodis  Macrocephalae  Rhizoma white  atractylodes bitter,  sweet  /  warm  /  SP  ST ●
DA  ZAO 大棗(대조) Jujubae  Fructus jujube sweet  /  warm  /  SP  ST ●
GAN  CAO 甘草(감초) Glycyrrhizae  Radix licorice  root sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  LU  SP  ST  (12ch) ●
ZHI  GAN  CAO 炙甘草(자감초) Glycyrrhizae  Radix  Preparata prepared  licorice sweet  /  warm  /  HT  LU  SP  ST  (12ch)  ●
BAI  BIAN  DOU 白扁豆(백편두) Lablab  Semen  Album hyacinth  bean sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  ST ●
YI  TANG 飴糖(이당) Maltosum malt  sugar sweet  /  sl  warm  /  LU  SP  ST ●
GENG  MI 粳米(갱미) Oryzae  Semen nonglutinous  Rice sweet  /  cool  /  SP  ST ●
FENG  MI* 蜂蜜(봉밀) Mel honey sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  LU  LI ●

22.  BLOOD  TONICS

SHU  DI  HUANG 熟地黃(숙지황) Rehmanniae  Radix  Preparata cooked  rehmannia sweet  /  sl  warm  /  HT  KD  LV ●
DANG  GUI 當歸(당귀) Angelicae  Sinensis  Radix chinese  angelica  root sweet,  acrid  /  warm  /  HT  LV  SP ●
BAI  SHAO 白芍(백작) Paeoniae  Radix  Alba white  peony  root bitter,  sour  /  sl  cold  /  LV  SP ●
E  JIAO 阿膠(아교) Asini  Corii  Colla donkey‐hide  gelatin sweet  /  neutral  /  KD  LV  LU ●
GOU  QI  ZI 枸杞子(구기자) Lycii  Fructus chinese  wolfberry sweet  /  neutral  /  LV  LU  KD  ●
SANG  SHEN 桑椹(상심) Mori  Fructus mulberry  fruit sweet  /  cold  /  HT  LV  KD 
LONG  YAN  ROU  龍眼肉(용안육) Longan  Arillus longan  fruit sweet  /  warm  /  HT  SP ●

23.  YANG  TONICS

LU  RONG 鹿茸(녹용) Cervi  Cornu  Pantotrichum hairy  deer  horn sweet,  salty  /  warm  /  KD  LV
LU  JIAO  JIAO 鹿角膠(녹각교) Cervi  Cornu  Colla deer  horn  gelatin sweet,  salty  /  warm  /  LV  KD  ●
SUO  YANG 鎖陽(쇄양) Cynomorii  Herba cynomorium  sweet  /  warm  /  LI  KD  LV
YIN  YANG  HUO 淫羊藿(음양곽) Epimedii  Herba epimedium acrid,  sweet  /  warm  /  KD  LV
BA  JI  TIAN 巴戟天(파극천) Morindae  Officinalis  Radix morinda  root acrid,  sweet  /  sl  warm  /  KD
HU  TAO  REN 胡桃仁(호도인) Juglandis  Semen walnut  sweet  /  warm  /  KD  LI  LU
BU  GU  ZHI 補骨脂(보골지) Psoraleae  Fructus psoralea  fruit acrid,  bitter  /  very  warm  /  KD  SP ●
YI  ZHI  REN 益智仁(익지인) Alpiniae  Oxyphyllae  Fructus black  cardamon acrid  /  warm  /  KD  SP
XIAN  MAO 仙茅(선모) Curculiginis  Rhizoma golden  eye‐grass  acrid  /  hot,  toxic  /  KD
DU  ZHONG 杜仲(두충) Eucommiae  Cortex eucommia  bark sweet,  sl  acrid  /  warm  /  KD  LV ●
GOU  JI 狗脊(구척) Cibotii  Rhizoma chain  fern bitter,  sweet  /  warm  /  KD  LV
XU  DUAN 續斷(속단) Dipsaci  Radix  himalayan  teasel  root bitter,  sweet,  acrid  /  sl  warm  /  KD  LV
GU  SUI  BU 骨碎補(골쇄보) Drynariae  Rhizoma drynaria  rhizome bitter  /  warm  /  KD  LV
TU  SI  ZI 免絲子(토사자) Cuscutae  Semen dodder  seed acrid,  sweet  /  neutral  /  KD  LV ●
SHA  YUAN  ZI 沙苑子(사원자) Astragali  Complanati  Semen flat‐stem  milkvetch  seed sweet  /  warm  /  KD  LV ●

24.  YIN  TONICS

BEI  SHA  SHEN 北沙參(북사삼) Glehniae  Radix glehnia  root sweet,  sl  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  LU  ST
NAN  SHA  SHEN 南沙參(남사삼) Adenophorae  Radix adenophora  root sweet,  sl  bitter  /  cool  /  LU  ST
MAI  MEN  DONG 麥門冬(맥문동) Ophiopogonis  Radix ophiopogon  tuber sweet,  sl  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LU  ST ●
TIAN  MEN  DONG 天門冬(천문동) Asparagi  Radix asparagus  tuber sweet,  bitter  /  very  cold  /  KD  LU ●
BAI  HE 百合(백합) Lilii  Bulbus lily  bulb sweet,  sl  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LU ●
NU  ZHEN  ZI 女貞子(여정자) Ligustri  Lucidi  Fructus privet  fruit bitter,  sweet  /  cool  /  KD  LV
HEI  ZHI  MA 黑芝麻(흑지마) Sesami  Semen  Nigrum black  sesame  seed sweet  /  neutral  /  KD  LV  LI ●
GUI  BAN 龜板(구판) Testudinis  Plastrum tortise  plastron  (ventral) salty,  sweet  /  cold  /  HT  KD  LV ●
GUI  BAN  JIAO 龜板膠(구판교) Testudinis  Plastri  Colla tortise  plastron  gelatin salty,  sweet  /  cold  /  HT  KD  LV ●
BIE  JIA 鱉甲(별갑) Trionycis  Carapax turtle  shell  (dorsal) salty  /  sl  cold  /  LV  SP ●
JI  ZI  HUANG 鷄子黃(계지황) Galli  Vitellus chicken  egg  yolk sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  KD ●

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 6

 25.  ASTRINGENTS
SHAN  ZHU  YU 山茱萸(산수유) Corni  Fructus asiatic  cornelian  cherry sour  /  sl  warm  /  KD  LV ●
WU  WEI  ZI 五味子(오미자) Schisandrae  Fructus schisandra  fruit sour,  sweet  /  warm  /  HT  KD  LU ●
WU  MEI 烏梅(오매) Mume  Fructus mume  sour,  astringent  /  warm  /  LI  LV  LU  SP  ●
HE  ZI 訶子(가자) Chebulae  Fructus myrobalan  fruit bitter,  sour,  astringent  /  neutral  /  LU  ST  LI
ROU  DOU  KOU 肉豆蔲(육두구) Myristicae  Semen nutmeg acrid  /  warm  /  LI  SP  ST ●
CHUN  PI 椿皮(춘피) Ailanthi  Cortex ailanthus  bark bitter,  astringent  /  cold  /  LI  ST ●
CHI  SHI  ZHI 赤石脂(적석지) Halloysitum  Rubrum halloysite sweet,  sour,  astringent  /  warm  /  SP  ST  LI
LIAN  ZI 蓮子(연자) Nelumbinis  Semen lotus  seed sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  HT  KD  SP ●
LIAN  XU 蓮鬚(연수) Nelumbinis  Stamen lotus  stamen sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  HT  KD  LV ●
QIAN  SHI 芡實(검실) Euryales  Semen euryale  seed sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  KD  SP ●
JIN  YING  ZI 金櫻子(금앵자) Rosae  Laevigatae  Fructus cherokee  rosehip sour,  astringent  /  neutral  /  UB  KD  LI
FU  PEN  ZI 覆盆子(복분자) Rubi  Fructus palm‐leaf  raspberry  sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  KD  LV
BAI  GUO 白果(백과) Ginkgo  Semen ginkgo  nut swt,  bit,  astrin.  /  neutral,  sl  toxic  /  KD  LU
FU  XIAO  MAI 浮小麥(부소맥) Tritici  Fructus  Levis light  wheat sweet,  sl  salty  /  cool  /  HT ●
HAI  PIAO  XIAO 海螵蛸(해표소) Sepiae  Endoconcha cuttlefish  bone salty,  astringent  /  sl  warm  /  KD  LV  ST

26.  ANCHOR  &  CALM  SHEN

LONG  GU 龍骨(용골) Fossilia  Ossis  Mastodi fossilized  animal  bones sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  HT  LV  KD ●
MU  LI 牡蠣(모려) Ostreae  Concha oyster  shell salty,  astringent  /  cool  /  LV  KD ●
CI  SHI 磁石(자석) Magnetitum magnetite acrid,  salty  /  cold  /  KD  LV
ZHEN  ZHU 珍珠(진주) Margarita pearl sweet,  salty  /  cold  /  HT  LV

27.  NOURISH  &  CALM  SHEN

SUAN  ZAO  REN 酸棗仁(산조인) Ziziphi  Spinosae  Semen sour  jujube  seed sweet,  sour  /  neutral  /  GB  HT  LV  SP ●
BAI  ZI  REN 柏子仁(백자인) Platycladi  Semen chinese  arborvitae  seed sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  KD  LI
YUAN  ZHI 遠志(원지) Polygalae  Radix thin‐leaf  milkwort bitter,  acrid  /  sl  warm  /  HT  LU ●
YE  JIAO  TENG 夜交藤(야교등) Polygoni  Multiflori  Caulis polygonum  vine sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  LV ●

28.  EXTINGUISH  LIVER  WIND

GOU  TENG 鉤藤(구등) Uncariae  Ramulus  Cum  Uncis gambir sweet  /  sl  cold  /  PC  LV ●
TIAN  MA* 天麻(천마) Gastrodiae  Rhizoma gastrodia  rhizome sweet  /  neutral  /  LV ●
BAI  JI  LI 白蒺藜(백질려) Tribuli  Fructus puncture‐vine  caltrop  fruit acrid,  bitter  /  neutral  /  LV
SHI  JUE  MING 石決明(석결명) Haliotidis  Concha abalone  shell salty  /  cold  /  KD  LV ●
DI  LONG 地龍(지룡) Pheretima earthworm salty  /  cold  /  UB  LV  LU  SP ●
DAI  ZHE  SHI 代赭石(대자석) Haematitum hematite bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LV  PC ●

29.  EXTERNAL  USE

SHE  CHUANG  ZI 蛇床子(사상자) Cnidii  Fructus cnidium  fruit acrid,  bitter  /  warm,  sl  toxic  /  KD

*Herbs  with  asterisk  are  not  on  the  CALE  herb  list,  but  they  still  appear  in  the  CALE  formulas.

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 7

 CA HERB LIST ALPHABETICAL

PINYIN CN/KR LATIN ENGLISH CATEGORY F

AI  YE 艾葉(애엽) Artemisiae  Argyi  Folium mugwort  leaf Stop  bleeding ●
BA  JI  TIAN 巴戟天(파극천) Morindae  Officinalis  Radix morinda  root Yang  tonics
BAI  BIAN  DOU 白扁豆(백편두) Lablab  Semen  Album hyacinth  bean Qi  Tonics ●
BAI  BU 百部(백부) Stemonae  Radix stemona  root Stop  Cough  &  Wheezing ●
BAI  DOU  KOU 白豆蔲(백두구) Amomi  Fructus  Rotundus round  cardamon Aromatics  for  Damp
BAI  GUO 白果(백과) Ginkgo  Semen ginkgo  nut Astringents 
BAI  HE 百合(백합) Lilii  Bulbus lily  bulb Yin  Tonics ●
BAI  HUA  SHE 白花蛇(백화사) Bungarus multibanded  krati Dispel  Wind‐Damp
BAI  JI  LI 白蒺藜(백질려) Tribuli  Fructus puncture‐vine  caltrop  fruit Extinguish  Liver  Wind
BAI  JIANG  CAO 敗醬草(패장초) Patriniae  Herba patrinia Clear  Toxic‐Heat
BAI  JIE  ZI 白芥子(백개자) Sinapis  Semen white  mustard  seed Dissolve  Cold‐Phlegm
BAI  MAO  GEN 白茅根(백모근) Imperatae  Rhizoma lalang  grass  rhizome Stop  bleeding
BAI  QIAN 白前(백전) Cynanchi  Stauntonii  Rhizoma swallow  wort  rhizome Dissolve  Cold‐Phlegm ●
BAI  SHAO 白芍(백작) Paeoniae  Radix  Alba white  peony  root Blood  Tonics ●
BAI  TOU  WENG 白頭翁(백두옹) Pulsatillae  Radix pulsatilla Clear  Toxic‐Heat ●
BAI  WEI 白薇(백미) Cynanchi  Atrati  Radix swallowwort  root Clear  Summer‐Heat
BAI  ZHI 白芷(백지) Angelicae  Dahuricae  Radix  angelica  root Disperse  Wind‐Cold ●
BAI  ZHU 白朮(백출) Atractylodis  Macrocephalae  Rhizoma white  atractylodes Qi  Tonics ●
BAI  ZI  REN 柏子仁(백자인) Platycladi  Semen chinese  arborvitae  seed Nourish  &  Calm  Shen
BAN  LAN  GEN 板藍根(판남근) Isatidis  Radix isatis  root Clear  Toxic‐Heat
BAN  XIA 半夏(반하) Pinelliae  Rhizoma pinellia Dissolve  Cold‐Phlegm ●
BEI  SHA  SHEN 北沙參(북사삼) Glehniae  Radix glehnia  root Yin  Tonics
BI  BA 蓽茇(필발) Piperis  Longi  Fructus long  pepper Warm  Interior
BI  XIE 萆薢(비해) Dioscoreae  Hypoglaucae  Rhizoma tokoro Drain  Damp ●
BIAN  XU 萹蓄(편축) Polygoni  Avicularis  Herba knotgrass Drain  Damp ●
BIE  JIA 鱉甲(별갑) Trionycis  Carapax turtle  shell  (dorsal  side) Yin  Tonics ●
BO  HE 薄荷(박하) Menthae  Haplocalycis  Herba field  mint Disperse  Wind‐Heat ●
BU  GU  ZHI 補骨脂(보골지) Psoraleae  Fructus psoralea  fruit Yang  Tonics ●
CANG  ER  ZI 蒼耳子(창이자) Xanthii  Fructus  xanthium  fruit Disperse  Wind‐Cold
CANG  ZHU 蒼朮(창출) Atractylodis  Rhizoma atractylodes  rhizome Aromatics  for  Damp ●
CAO  DOU  KOU 草豆蔲(초두구) Alpiniae  Katsumadai  Semen katsumada  galangal  seed Aromatics  for  Damp
CAO  GUO 草果(초과) Tsaoko  Fructus tsaoko  fruit Aromatics  for  Damp
CAO  WU 草烏(초오) Aconiti  Kusnezoffii  Preparata wild  aconite  root Warm  Interior ●
CE  BAI  YE 側柏葉(측백엽) Platycladi  Cacumen chinese  arborvitae Stop  bleeding ●
CHAI  HU 柴胡(시호) Bupleuri  Radix hare’s  ear  root Disperse  Wind‐Heat ●
CHAN  TUI 蟬蛻(선태) Cicadae  Periostracum cicada  moulting Disperse  Wind‐Heat ●
CHE  QIAN  ZI 車前子(차전자) Plantaginis  Semen plantago  seed Drain  Damp ●
CHEN  PI 陳皮(진피) Citri  Reticulatae  Pericarpium tangerine  peel Regulate  Qi ●
CHEN  XIANG 沈香(침향) Aquilariae  Lignum  Resinatum aquilaria  wood Regulate  Qi
CHI  SHAO 赤芍(적작) Paeoniae  Radix  Rubra red  peony  root Activate  Blood  ●
CHI  SHI  ZHI 赤石脂(적석지) Halloysitum  Rubrum halloysite Astringents
CHUAN  BEI  MU 川貝母(천패모) Fritillariae  Cirrhosae  Bulbus sichuan  fritillaria  bulb Dissolve  Hot‐Phlegm ●
CHUAN  LIAN  ZI 川楝子(천련자) Toosendan  Fructus sichuan  chinaberry Regulate  Qi ●
CHUAN  MU  TONG 川木通(천목통) Clematidis  Armandii  Caulis clematidis  caulis Drain  Damp ●
CHUAN  NIU  XI 川牛膝(천우슬) Cyathulae  Radix cyathula  root Activate  Blood ●
CHUAN  WU* 川烏(천오) Aconiti  Radix  Preparata    sichuan  aconite  root Warm  Interior ●
CHUAN  XIONG 川芎(천궁) Chuanxiong  Rhizoma cnidium Activate  Blood ●

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 8

CHUN  PI 椿皮(춘피) Ailanthi  Cortex ailanthus  bark Astringents ●
CI  SHI 磁石(자석) Magnetitum magnetite Anchor  &  Calm  Shen
DA  FU  PI 大腹皮(대복피) Arecae  Pericarpium areca  husk Regulate  Qi ●
DA  HUANG 大黃(대황) Rhei  Radix  et  Rhizoma rhubarb  root Purgatives ●
DA  ZAO 大棗(대조) Jujubae  Fructus jujube Qi  Tonics ●
DAI  ZHE  SHI 代赭石(대자석) Haematitum hematite Extinguish  Liver  Wind ●
DAN  DOU  CHI 淡豆豉(담두시) Sojae  Semen  Preparatum prepared  soybean Disperse  Wind‐Heat ●
DAN  NAN  XING 膽南星(담남성) Arisaema  Cum  Bile bile‐prepared  Arisaema Dissolve  Cold‐Phlegm ●
DAN  SHEN 丹參(단삼) Salviae  Miltiorrhizae  Radix salvia  root Activate  Blood ●
DAN  ZHU  YE 淡竹葉(담죽엽) Lophatheri  Herba lophatherum Clear  &  Purge  Heat ●
DANG  GUI 當歸(당귀) Angelicae  Sinensis  Radix chinese  angelica  root Blood  Tonics ●
DANG  SHEN 黨參(당삼) Codonopsis  Radix codonopsis Qi  Tonics ●
DENG  XIN  CAO 燈心草(등심초) Junci  Medulla juncus  pith Drain  Damp ●
DI  FU  ZI 地膚子(지부자) Kochiae  Fructus broom  cypress  fruit Drain  Damp
DI  GU  PI 地骨皮(지골피) Lycii  Cortex wolfberry  root  bark Clear  Summer‐Heat
DI  LONG 地龍(지룡) Pheretima earthworm Extinguish  Liver  Wind ●
DI  YU 地楡(지유) Sanguisorbae  Radix garden  burnet  root Stop  bleeding
DING  XIANG 丁香(정향) Caryophylli  Flos clove Warm  Interior
DONG  GUA  ZI 冬瓜子(동과자) Benincasae  Semen winter  melon  seed Drain  Damp
DONG  KUI  ZI 冬葵子(동규자) Malvae  Fructus mallow  fruit Drain  Damp
DU  HUO 獨活(독활) Angelicae  Pubescentis  Radix pubescent  angelica  root Dispel  Wind‐Damp ●
DU  ZHONG 杜仲(두충) Eucommiae  Cortex eucommia  bark Yang  Tonics ●
E  JIAO 阿膠(아교) Asini  Corii  Colla donkey‐hide  gelatin Blood  Tonics ●
E  ZHU 莪朮(아출) Curcumae  Rhizoma curcuma  zedoaria Activate  Blood
FANG  FENG 防風(방풍) Saposhnikoviae  Radix    siler  Disperse  Wind‐Cold ●
FENG  MI* 蜂蜜(봉밀) Mel honey Qi  Tonics ●
FU  LING 茯苓(복령) Poria poria Drain  Damp ●
FU  PEN  ZI 覆盆子(복분자) Rubi  Fructus palm‐leaf  raspberry  Astringents
FU  XIAO  MAI 浮小麥(부소맥) Tritici  Fructus  Levis light  wheat Astringents ●
FU  ZI 附子(부자) Aconiti  Radix  Lateralis  Preparata aconite  accessory  root Warm  Interior ●
GAN  CAO 甘草(감초) Glycyrrhizae  Radix licorice  root Qi  Tonics ●
GAN  JIANG 乾薑(건강) Zingiberis  Rhizoma dried  ginger Warm  Interior ●
GAO  BEN 藁本(고본) Ligustici  Rhizoma    chinese  lovage  root Disperse  Wind‐Cold
GAO  LIANG  JIANG 高良薑(고량강) Alpiniae  Officinarum  Rhizoma galanga Warm  Interior
GE  GEN 葛根(갈근) Puerariae  Radix kudzu  root Disperse  Wind‐Heat ●
GENG  MI 粳米(갱미) Oryzae  Semen nonglutinous  Rice Qi  Tonics ●
GOU  JI 狗脊(구척) Cibotii  Rhizoma chain  fern Yang  Tonics
GOU  QI  ZI 枸杞子(구기자) Lycii  Fructus chinese  wolfberry Blood  Tonics ●
GOU  TENG 鉤藤(구등) Uncariae  Ramulus  Cum  Uncis gambir Extinguish  Liver  Wind ●
GU  SUI  BU 骨碎補(골쇄보) Drynariae  Rhizoma drynaria  rhizome Yang  Tonics
GU  YA 穀芽(곡아) Setariae  Fructus  Germinatus grain  sprout Digestives
GUA  LOU 瓜蔞(과루) Trichosanthis  Fructus trichosanthes  fruit Dissolve  Hot‐Phlegm ●
GUA  LOU  PI 瓜蔞皮(과루피) Trichosanthis  Pericarpium trichosanthes  peel Dissolve  Hot‐Phlegm
GUA  LOU  REN 瓜蔞仁(과루인) Trichosanthis  Semen trichosanthes  seed Dissolve  Hot‐Phlegm ●
GUI  BAN 龜板(구판) Testudinis  Plastrum tortise  plastron  (ventral  side) Yin  Tonics ●
GUI  BAN  JIAO 龜板膠(구판교) Testudinis  Plastri  Colla tortise  plastron  gelatin Yin  Tonics ●
GUI  ZHI 桂枝(계지) Cinnamomi  Ramulus    cinnamon  twig Disperse  Wind‐Cold ●
HAI  PIAO  XIAO 海螵蛸(해표소) Sepiae  Endoconcha cuttlefish  bone Astringents
HAI  TONG  PI 海桐皮(해동피) Erythrinae  Cortex coral‐bean  bark Dispel  Wind‐Damp
HAI  ZAO 海藻(해조) Sargassum seaweed Dissolve  Hot‐Phlegm

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 9

HAN  FANG  JI 漢防己(한방기) Stephaniae  Tetrandrae  Radix stephania  root Drain  Damp 
HE  YE 荷葉(하엽) Nelumbinis  Folium lotus  leaf Clear  Toxic‐Heat
HE  ZI 訶子(가자) Chebulae  Fructus myrobalan  fruit Astringents
HEI  ZHI  MA 黑芝麻(흑지마) Sesami  Semen  Nigrum black  sesame  seed Yin  Tonics ●
HONG  HUA 紅花(홍화) Carthami  Flos safflower Activate  Blood ●
HOU  PO 厚朴(후박) Magnoliae  Officinalis  Cortex magnolia  bark Aromatics  for  Damp ●
HU  JIAO  胡椒(호초) Piperis  Fructus pepper Warm  Interior
HU  TAO  REN 胡桃仁(호도인) Juglandis  Semen walnut  Yang  Tonics
HUA  JIAO 花椒(화초) Zanthoxyli  Pericarpium prickly‐ash  peel Warm  Interior ●
HUA  SHI 滑石(활석) Talcum talc Drain  Damp ●
HUAI  HUA 槐花(괴화) Sophorae  Flos  Immaturus pagoda  tree  bud Stop  bleeding ●
HUAI  NIU  XI 淮牛膝(회우슬) Achyranthis  Bidentatae  Radix achyranthes  root Activate  Blood ●
HUANG  BAI 黃柏(황백) Phellodendri  Cortex amur  cork‐tree  bark Clear  Damp‐Heat ●
HUANG  LIAN 黃連(황련) Coptidis  Rhizoma coptis  root Clear  Damp‐Heat ●
HUANG  QI 黃蓍(황기) Astragali  Radix milkvetch  root Qi  Tonics ●
HUANG  QIN 黃芩(황금) Scutellariae  Radix scute Clear  Damp‐Heat ●
HUO  MA  REN 火麻仁(화마인) Cannabis  Semen hemp  seeds Laxatives ●
HUO  XIANG 藿香(곽향) Pogostemonis  Herba patchouli Aromatics  for  Damp ●
JI  NEI  JIN 雞內金(계내금) Gigeriae  Galli  Endothelium  Corneum chicken  gizzard Digestives
JI  ZI  HUANG 鷄子黃(계지황) Galli  Vitellus chicken  egg  yolk Yin  Tonics ●
JIANG  HUANG 薑黃(강황) Curcumae  Longae  Rhizoma turmeric  Activate  Blood ●
JIE  GENG 桔梗(길경) Platycodi  Radix balloon  flower  root Dissolve  Cold‐Phlegm ●
JIN  YIN  HUA 金銀花(금은화) Lonicerae  Flos honeysuckle  flower Clear  Toxic‐Heat ●
JIN  YING  ZI 金櫻子(금앵자) Rosae  Laevigatae  Fructus cherokee  rosehip Astringents
JING  JIE 荊芥(형개) Schizonepetae  Herba  schizonepeta  Disperse  Wind‐Cold ●
JU  HONG 橘紅(귤홍) Citri  Reticulatae  Exocarpium  Rubrum tangerine  flavedo Regulate  Qi ●
JU  HUA 菊花(국화) Chrysanthemi  Flos chrysanthemum  flower Disperse  Wind‐Heat ●
JUE  MING  ZI 決明子(결명자) Cassiae  Semen cassia  seed Clear  &  Purge  Heat 
KU  SHEN 苦參(고삼) Sophorae  Flavescentis  Radix sophora  root Clear  Damp‐Heat ●
LAI  FU  ZI 萊菔子(내복자) Raphani  Semen radish  seed Digestives ●
LIAN  QIAO 連翹(연교) Forsythiae  Fructus forsythia  fruit Clear  Toxic‐Heat ●
LIAN  XU 蓮鬚(연수) Nelumbinis  Stamen lotus  stamen Astringents ●
LIAN  ZI 蓮子(연자) Nelumbinis  Semen lotus  seed Astringents ●
LONG  DAN  CAO 龍膽草(용담초) Gentianae  Radix gentiana Clear  Damp‐Heat ●
LONG  GU 龍骨(용골) Fossilia  Ossis  Mastodi fossilized  animal  bones Anchor  &  Calm  Shen ●
LONG  YAN  ROU  龍眼肉(용안육) Longan  Arillus longan  fruit Blood  Tonics ●
LU  GEN 蘆根(노근) Phragmitis  Rhizoma reed  rhizome Clear  &  Purge  Heat ●
LU  HUI 蘆薈(노회) Aloe aloe  Purgatives
LU  JIAO  JIAO 鹿角膠(녹각교) Cervi  Cornu  Colla deer  horn  gelatin Yang  Tonics ●
LU  RONG 鹿茸(녹용) Cervi  Cornu  Pantotrichum hairy  deer  horn Yang  Tonics
MAI  MEN  DONG 麥門冬(맥문동) Ophiopogonis  Radix ophiopogon  tuber Yin  Tonics ●
MAI  YA 麥芽(맥아) Hordei  Fructus  Germinatus barley  sprout Digestives ●
MAN  JING  ZI 蔓荊子(만형자) Viticis  Fructus vitex  fruit Disperse  Wind‐Heat
MANG  XIAO 芒硝(망초) Natrii  Sulfas mirabilite Purgatives ●
MO  YAO 沒藥(몰약) Myrrha myrrh Activate  Blood ●
MU  DAN  PI 牧丹皮(목단피) Moutan  Cortex tree  peony  bark Clear  Blood‐Heat ●
MU  GUA 木瓜(목과) Chaenomelis  Fructus chinese  quince  fruit Dispel  Wind‐Damp
MU  LI 牡蠣(모려) Ostreae  Concha oyster  shell Anchor  &  Calm  Shen ●
MU  XIANG*  木香(목향) Aucklandiae  Radix  saussurea Regulate  Qi ●
MU  ZEI 木賊(목적) Equiseti  Hiemalis  herba scouring  rush Disperse  Wind‐Heat

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 10

NAN  SHA  SHEN 南沙參(남사삼) Adenophorae  Radix adenophora  root Yin  Tonics
NIU  BANG  ZI 牛蒡子(우방자) Arctii  Fructus burdock  fruit Disperse  Wind‐Heat ●
NU  ZHEN  ZI 女貞子(여정자) Ligustri  Lucidi  Fructus privet  fruit Yin  Tonics
PI  PA  YE 枇杷葉(비파엽) Eriobotryae  Folium loquat  leaf Stop  Cough  &  Wheezing
PU  GONG  YING 浦公英(포공영) Taraxaci  Herba dandelion Clear  Toxic‐Heat
PU  HUANG 蒲黃(포황) Typhae  Pollen cattail  pollen Stop  bleeding
QIAN  CAO 茜草(천초) Rubiae  Radix madder  root Stop  bleeding
QIAN  HU 前胡(전호) Peucedani  Radix hog‐fennel  root Dissolve  Hot‐Phlegm ●
QIAN  SHI 芡實(검실) Euryales  Semen euryale  seed Astringents ●
QIANG  HUO 羌活(강활) Notopterygii  Rhizoma  seu  Radix    notopterygium  root Disperse  Wind‐Cold ●
QIN  JIAO 秦艽(진교) Gentianae  Macrophyllae  Radix gentiana  macrophylla  root Dispel  Wind‐Damp ●
QIN  PI  秦皮(진피) Fraxini  Cortex ash  bark Clear  Damp‐Heat  ●
QING  HAO 靑蒿(청호) Artemisiae  Annuae  Herba sweet  wormwood Clear  Summer‐Heat ●
QING  PI 靑皮(청피) Citri  Reticulatae  Viride  Pericarpium immature  tangerine  peel Regulate  Qi
QU  MAI 瞿麥(구맥) Dianthi  Herba lilac  pink Drain  Damp ●
REN  SHEN 人蔘(인삼) Ginseng  Radix ginseng  Qi  Tonics ●
ROU  DOU  KOU 肉豆蔲(육두구) Myristicae  Semen nutmeg Astringents ●
ROU  GUI 肉桂(육계) Cinnamomi  Cortex cinnamon  bark Warm  Interior ●
RU  XIANG 乳香(유향) Olibanum frankincense Activate  Blood ●
SAN  LENG 三棱(삼릉) Sparganii  Rhizoma bur‐reed  rhizome Activate  Blood
SAN  QI 三七(삼칠) Notoginseng  Radix pseudoginseng Stop  bleeding
SANG  BAI  PI 桑白皮(상백피) Mori  Cortex mulberry  root  bark Stop  Cough  &  Wheezing ●
SANG  JI  SHENG 桑寄生(상기생) Taxilli  Herba mulberry  mistletoe Dispel  Wind‐Damp ●
SANG  SHEN 桑椹(상심) Mori  Fructus mulberry  fruit Blood  Tonics
SANG  YE 桑葉(상엽) Mori  Folium mulberry  leaf Disperse  Wind‐Heat ●
SANG  ZHI 桑枝(상지) Mori  Ramulus mulberry  twig Dispel  Wind‐Damp ●
SHA  REN 砂仁(사인) Amomi  Fructus grains‐of‐paradise  fruit Aromatics  for  Damp ●
SHA  YUAN  ZI 沙苑子(사원자) Astragali  Complanati  Semen flat‐stem  milkvetch  seed Yang  Tonics ●
SHAN  DOU  GEN 山豆根(산두근) Sophorae  Tonkinensis  Radix bushy  sophora Clear  Toxic‐Heat
SHAN  YAO 山藥(산약) Dioscoreae  Rhizoma chinese  yam Qi  Tonics ●
SHAN  ZHA 山査(산사) Crataegi  Fructus hawthorn  fruit Digestives ●
SHAN  ZHU  YU 山茱萸(산수유) Corni  Fructus asiatic  cornelian  cherry  fruit Astringents ●
SHE  CHUANG  ZI 蛇床子(사상자) Cnidii  Fructus cnidium  fruit External  Use
SHE  GAN 射干(사간) Belamcandae  Rhizoma blackberry  lily  rhizome Clear  Toxic‐Heat
SHEN  QU 新曲(신곡) Massa  medicata  Fermentata medicated  leaven Digestives ●
SHENG  DI  HUANG 生地黃(생지황) Rehmanniae  Radix rehmannia  root Clear  Blood‐Heat ●
SHENG  JIANG 生薑(생강) Zingiberis  Rhizoma  Recens fresh  ginger Disperse  Wind‐Cold ●
SHENG  MA 升麻(승마) Cimicifugae  Rhizoma bugbane  rhizome Disperse  Wind‐Heat ●
SHI  GAO 石膏(석고) Gypsum  Fibrosum            gypsum Clear  &  Purge  Heat ●
SHI  JUE  MING 石決明(석결명) Haliotidis  Concha abalone  shell Extinguish  Liver  Wind ●
SHI  WEI 石葦(석위) Pyrrosiae  Folium pyrrosia  leaf Drain  Damp
SHU  DI  HUANG 熟地黃(숙지황) Rehmanniae  Radix  Preparata cooked  rehmannia Blood  Tonics ●
SHUI  NIU  JIAO 水牛角(수우각) Bubali  Cornu water  bufflao  horn Clear  Blood‐Heat
SUAN  ZAO  REN 酸棗仁(산조인) Ziziphi  Spinosae  Semen sour  jujube  seed Nourish  &  Calm  Shen ●
SUO  YANG 鎖陽(쇄양) Cynomorii  Herba cynomorium  Yang  Tonics
TAN  XIANG 檀香(단향) Santali  Albi  Lignum sandalwood Regulate  Qi ●
TAO  REN 桃仁(도인) Persicae  Semen peach  kernel Activate  Blood ●
TIAN  HUA  FEN 天花粉(천화분) Trichosanthis  Radix trichosanthes  root Clear  &  Purge  Heat ●
TIAN  MA* 天麻(천마) Gastrodiae  Rhizoma gastrodia  rhizome Extinguish  Liver  Wind ●
TIAN  MEN  DONG 天門冬(천문동) Asparagi  Radix asparagus  tuber Yin  Tonics ●

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 11

TIAN  NAN  XING 天南星(천남성) Arisaematis  Rhizoma  jack‐in‐the‐pulpit Dissolve  Cold‐Phlegm ●
TU  FU  LING 土茯苓(토복령) Smilacis  Glabrae  Rhizoma smilax Clear  Toxic‐Heat
TU  SI  ZI 免絲子(토사자) Cuscutae  Semen dodder  seed Yang  Tonics ●
WANG  BU  LIU  XING 王不留行(왕불유행) Vaccariae  Semen vaccaria  seed Activate  Blood
WEI  LING  XIAN 威靈仙(위령선) Clematidis  Radix clematis  root Dispel  Wind‐Damp
WU  JIA  PI 五加皮(오가피) Acanthopanacis  Cortex acanthopanax  root  bark Dispel  Wind‐Damp
WU  MEI 烏梅(오매) Mume  Fructus mume  Astringents ●
WU  WEI  ZI 五味子(오미자) Schisandrae  Fructus schisandra  fruit Astringents ●
WU  YAO 烏藥(오약) Linderae  Radix lindera  root Regulate  Qi
WU  ZHU  YU 吳茱萸(오수유) Evodiae  Fructus evodia  fruit Warm  Interior ●
XI  XIAN  CAO 豨薟草(희첨초) Siegesbeckiae  Herba siegesbeckia Dispel  Wind‐Damp
XIA  KU  CAO 夏枯草(하고초) Prunellae  Spica selfheal  spike Clear  &  Purge  Heat
XIAN  HE  CAO 仙鶴草(선학초) Agrimoniae  Herba agrimony Stop  bleeding
XIAN  MAO 仙茅(선모) Curculiginis  Rhizoma golden  eye‐grass  Yang  Tonics
XIANG  FU 香附(향부) Cyperi  Rhizoma cyperus Regulate  Qi ●
XIANG  RU 香薷(향유) Moslae  Herba  aromatic  madder Disperse  Wind‐Cold
XIAO  HUI  XIANG 小茴香(소회향) Foeniculi  Fructus fennel  fruit Warm  Interior
XIN  YI  HUA 辛夷花(신이화) Magnoliae  Flos  magnolia  flower Disperse  Wind‐Cold
XING  REN 杏仁(행인) Armeniacae  Semen  Amarum apricot  kernel Stop  Cough  &  Wheezing ●
XU  DUAN 續斷(속단) Dipsaci  Radix  himalayan  teasel  root Yang  Tonics
XUAN  FU  HUA 旋覆花(선복화) Inulae  Flos inula  flower Dissolve  Cold‐Phlegm
XUAN  SHEN 玄參(현삼) Scrophulariae  Radix figwort  root Clear  Blood‐Heat ●
YAN  HU  SUO  延胡索(연호색) Corydalis  Rhizoma corydalis  Activate  Blood
YE  JIAO  TENG 夜交藤(야교등) Polygoni  Multiflori  Caulis polygonum  vine Nourish  &  Calm  Shen ●
YI  MU  CAO 益母草(익모초) Leonuri  Herba motherwort  herb Activate  Blood ●
YI  TANG 飴糖(이당) Maltosum malt  sugar Qi  Tonics ●
YI  YI  REN 薏苡仁(의이인) Coicis  Semen coix  seed Drain  Damp ●
YI  ZHI  REN 益智仁(익지인) Alpiniae  Oxyphyllae  Fructus black  cardamon Yang  Tonics
YIN  CHEN 茵蔯(인진) Artemisiae  Scopariae  Herba virgate  wormwood Drain  Damp ●
YIN  YANG  HUO 淫羊藿(음양곽) Epimedii  Herba epimedium Yang  Tonics
YU  JIN 鬱金(울금) Curcumae  Radix curcuma  Activate  Blood
YUAN  ZHI 遠志(원지) Polygalae  Radix thin‐leaf  milkwort Nourish  &  Calm  Shen ●
ZE  LAN 澤蘭(택란) Lycopi  Herba bugleweed Activate  Blood
ZE  XIE 澤瀉(택사) Alismatis  Rhizoma water  plantain Drain  Damp ●
ZHE  BEI  MU 浙貝母(절패모) Fritillariae  Thunbergii  Bulbus zhejiang  fritillaria  bulb Dissolve  Hot‐Phlegm
ZHEN  ZHU 珍珠(진주) Margarita pearl Anchor  &  Calm  Shen
ZHI  GAN  CAO 炙甘草(자감초) Glycyrrhizae  Radix  Preparata prepared  licorice Qi  Tonics ●
ZHI  KE 枳殼(지각) Aurantii  Fructus bitter  orange Regulate  Qi ●
ZHI  MU 知母(지모) Anemarrhenae  Rhizoma anemarrhena  rhizome Clear  &  Purge  Heat ●
ZHI  SHI 枳實(지실) Aurantii  Fructus  Immaturus immature  bitter  orange Regulate  Qi ●
ZHI  ZI 梔子(치자) Gardeniae  Fructus gardenia  fruit Clear  &  Purge  Heat ●
ZHU  LING 豬苓(저령) Polyporus polyporus Drain  Damp ●
ZHU  RU 竹茹(죽여) Bambusae  Caulis  in  Taeniam bamboo  shavings Dissolve  Hot‐Phlegm ●
ZI  SU  YE 紫蘇葉(자소엽) Perillae  Folium  perilla  leaf Disperse  Wind‐Cold ●
ZI  SU  ZI 紫蘇子(자소자) Perillae  Fructus perilla  fruit Stop  Cough  &  Wheezing ●
ZI  WAN 紫菀(자완) Asteris  Radix aster  root Stop  Cough  &  Wheezing ●

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 12

 CA HERB LIST NATURE

BENSKY  (3rd  Ed) CHEN  (1st  Ed)

NATURE DOSE  (g) NATURE DOSE  (g)

1.  DISPERSE  WIND‐COLD

GUI  ZHI acrid,  sweet  /  warm  /  HT  LU  UB 3‐9 acrid,  sweet  /  warm  /  HT  LU  UB 5‐10 
ZI  SU  YE acrid,  aromatic  /  warm  /  LU  SP 5‐9 acrid  /  warm  /  LU  SP 5‐10
JING  JIE acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LU  LV 4.5‐9 acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LU  LV 5‐10 
FANG  FENG acrid,  sweet  /  sl  warm  /  UB  LV  SP 4.5‐9 acrid,  sweet  /  sl  warm  /  UB  LV  SP 3‐10
QIANG  HUO acrid,  bitter,  aromatic  /  warm  /  UB  KD 3‐9 acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  UB  KD 3‐10
GAO  BEN acrid  /  warm  /  UB  DU 3‐9 acrid  /  warm  /  UB 3‐10
BAI  ZHI acrid  /  warm  /  LU  ST  SP 3‐9 acrid  /  warm  /  LU  ST  SP 3‐10
SHENG  JIANG acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LU  SP  ST 3‐9 acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LU  SP  ST 3‐10 
XIANG  RU acrid,  aromatic  /  sl  warm  /  LU  ST 3‐9 acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LU  ST 3‐10
CANG  ER  ZI sweet,  bitter  /  warm,  toxic  /  LU 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  warm,  toxic  /  LU  LV 3‐10
XIN  YI  HUA acrid  /  warm  /  LU  ST 3‐9 acrid  /  warm  /  LU  ST 3‐10

2.  DISPERSE  WIND‐HEAT

BO  HE acrid,  aromatic  /  cool  /  LU  LV 3‐6 acrid  /  cool  /  LU  LV 2‐10
NIU  BANG  ZI acrid,  bitter  /  cold  /  LU  ST 6‐12 acrid,  bitter  /  cold  /  LU  ST 3‐10
CHAN  TUI sweet,  salty  /  sl  cold  /  LU  LV 3‐9 sweet  /  cold  /  LV  LU 3‐10
SANG  YE sweet,  bitter  /  cold  /  LU  LV 4.5‐9 bitter,  sweet  /  cold  /  LU  LV 5‐10
JU  HUA sweet,  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  LU  LV 4.5‐15 acrid,  sweet,  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  LU  LV 10‐15
MAN  JING  ZI bitter,  acrid  /  cool  /  UB  LV  ST 6‐12 acrid,  bitter  /  cool  /  LV  ST  UB 6‐12
DAN  DOU  CHI sweet,  sl  bitter  /  cold  or  warm  /  LU  ST 6‐12 acrid,  sweet,  sl  bitter  /  cold  /  LU  ST 10‐15
MU  ZEI sweet,  bitter  /  neutral  /  LV  LU  GB 3‐9 sweet,  bitter  /  neutral  /  LU  LV  GB 3‐10
GE  GEN sweet,  acrid  /  cool  /  SP  ST 9‐21 sweet,  acrid  /  cool  /  SP  ST 10‐20
CHAI  HU bitter,  acrid  /  cool  /  GB  LV  PC  SJ 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  cool  /  LV  GB 3‐10
SHENG  MA sweet,  acrid  /  sl  cold  /  LI  LU  SP  ST 3‐9 acrid,  sweet  /  cool  /  LU  SP  LI  ST 3‐10

3.  CLEAR  &  PURGE  HEAT

SHI  GAO sweet,  acrid  /  very  cold  /  LU  ST 15‐60 acrid,  sweet  /  very  cold  /  LU  ST 15‐60
ZHI  MU bitter,  sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  KD 6‐12 bitter,  sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  KD 6‐12
ZHI  ZI bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LU  ST  LV  SJ 6‐9 bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LU  ST  SJ 3‐10
DAN  ZHU  YE sweet,  bland  /  cold  /  HT  SI  ST 6‐9 sweet,  bland  /  cold  /  HT  ST  SI 6‐15
XIA  KU  CAO bitter,  acrid  /  cold  /  GB  LV 9‐15 bitter,  acrid  /  cold  /  LV  GB 10‐15
LU  GEN sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST 15‐30 sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST 10‐30
TIAN  HUA  FEN bitter,  sl  sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST 10‐15 bitter,  sl  sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST 10‐15
JUE  MING  ZI bitter,  sweet,  salty  /  sl  cold  /  LV  LI  KD 9‐15 sweet,  bitter  /  cool  /  LV  LI 10‐15

4.  CLEAR  BLOOD‐HEAT

SHUI  NIU  JIAO salty  /  cold  /  HT  LV  ST 30‐120 salty  /  cold  /  HT  LV  ST 20‐40
SHENG  DI  HUANG sweet,  bitter  /  cold  /  HT  KD  LV 9‐15 sweet,  bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LV  KD 10‐30
XUAN  SHEN salty,  sweet,  bitter  /  cold  /  KD  LU  ST 9‐15 bitter,  sweet,  salty  /  cold  /  LU  ST  KD 10‐15
MU  DAN  PI acrid,  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LV  KD  6‐12 bitter,  acrid  /  cool  /  HT  LV  KD  6‐12

5.  CLEAR  DAMP‐HEAT

HUANG  QIN bitter  /  cold  /  LU  ST  GB  LI 3‐9 bitter  /  cold  /  LU  GB  ST  LI 3‐10
HUANG  LIAN bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LI  LV  ST 1.5‐9 bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LV  ST  LI 2‐10
HUANG  BAI bitter  /  cold  /  KD  UB 3‐12 bitter  /  cold  /  KD  UB  LI 3‐10
LONG  DAN  CAO bitter  /  cold  /  GB  LV  ST 3‐9 bitter  /  cold  /  LV  GB  ST 3‐8
KU  SHEN bitter  /  cold  /  UB  HT  LV  LI  ST  SI 3‐9 bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LV  ST  LI  UB  3‐10
QIN  PI  bitter,  astringent  /  cold  /  GB  LI  LV  ST 6‐12 bitter  /  cold  /  GB  LV  LI 6‐12 

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 13

 6.  CLEAR  TOXIC‐HEAT
JIN  YIN  HUA sweet  /  cold  /  LI  LU  ST 6‐20 sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  LI 10‐20
LIAN  QIAO bitter,  sl  acrid  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LU  GB 6‐15 bitter  /  cool  /  LU  HT  GB 6‐15
BAN  LAN  GEN bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LU  ST 9‐15 bitter  /  cold  /  HT  ST 10‐15
PU  GONG  YING bitter,  sweet  /  cold  /  LV  ST 9‐30 bitter,  sweet  /  cold  /  LV  ST 10‐30
BAI  JIANG  CAO acrid,  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  LI  LV  ST 6‐15 acrid,  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  LI  LV  ST 6‐15
BAI  TOU  WENG bitter,  cold  /  LI  ST 6‐15 bitter,  cold  /  LI 6‐15
HE  YE bitter,  sl  sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  LV  SP 3‐9 bitter,  astringent  /  neutral  /  HT  LV  SP 3‐10
TU  FU  LING sweet,  bland  /  neutral  /  LV  ST 15‐60 sweet,  bland  /  neutral  /  LV  ST 15‐60
SHAN  DOU  GEN bitter  /  cold  /  LU  LI 3‐9 bitter  /  cold,  sl  toxic  /  LU 6‐10
SHE  GAN bitter  /  cold  /  LU 3‐9 bitter  /  cold  /  LU 6‐10

7.  CLEAR  SUMMER‐HEAT

QING  HAO bitter  /  cold  /  KD  LV  GB 6‐12 bitter,  acrid  /  cold  /  LV  GB  ST 3‐10
DI  GU  PI sweet,  bland  /  cold  /  LU  LV  KD 6‐15 sweet,  bland  /  cold  /  LU  KD 6‐15
BAI  WEI bitter,  salty  /  cold  /  LU  ST  KD 3‐12 bitter,  salty  /  cold  /  ST  LV 3‐12

8.  PURGATIVES
DA  HUANG bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LI  LV  ST 3‐15 bitter  /  cold  /  SP  ST  LI  LV  HT 5‐10
MANG  XIAO acrid,  bitter,  salty  /  very  cold  /  ST  LI 6‐18 acrid,  bitter  /  cold  /  LU  ST  LI 10‐15
LU  HUI bitter  /  cold  /  LI  LV  ST 1.5‐4.5(p) bitter  /  cold  /  LV  LI 0.6‐1.5(p)

9.  LAXATIVES
HUO  MA  REN sweet  /  neutral  /  LI  SP  ST 9‐15 sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  ST  LI 10‐15

10.  DRAIN  DAMP

FU  LING sweet,  bland  /  neutral  /  HT  SP  KD  LU 9‐15 sweet,  bland  /  neutral  /  HT  SP  KD 10‐15
ZHU  LING sweet,  bland  /  sl  cool  /  SP  KD  UB 6‐12 sweet,  bland  /  neutral  /  KD  UB 5‐10
ZE  XIE sweet,  bland  /  cold  /  KD  UB 4.5‐9 sweet,  bland  /  cold  /  KD  UB 5‐10
YI  YI  REN sweet,  bland  /  sl  cold  /  LU  SP  ST  KD 9‐30 sweet,  bland  /  cool  /  SP  ST  LU 10‐30
CHE  QIAN  ZI sweet  /  cold  /  UB  KD  LV  LU 9‐15 sweet  /  cold  /  KD  UB  LV  LU 5‐10
HUA  SHI sweet,  bland  /  cold  /  ST  UB 9‐15 sweet,  bland  /  cold  /  ST  UB 10‐15
CHUAN  MU  TONG bland,  bitter  /  cold  /  UB  HT  SI 3‐6 bitter  /  cold  /  UB  HT  SI 3‐6
DENG  XIN  CAO sweet,  bland  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LU  SI 1.5‐4.5 sweet,  bland  /  cool  /  HT  LU  SI 1.5‐2.5
QU  MAI bitter  /  cold  /  UB  HT  SI 9‐15 bitter  /  cold  /  UB  HT  SI 5‐10
BIAN  XU bitter  /  sl  cold  /  UB 9‐15 bitter  /  cool  /  UB 10‐15
SHI  WEI bitter,  sweet  /  sl  cold  /  UB  LU 6‐9 bitter,  sweet  /  sl  cold  /  UB  LU 5‐10
DI  FU  ZI sweet,  bitter  /  cold  /  UB  KD 9‐15 sweet,  bitter  /  cool  /  UB  LU 10‐15
DONG  GUA  ZI sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  LI  SI 9‐15 sweet  /  cool  /  LU  ST  SI  LI 10‐15
DONG  KUI  ZI sweet  /  cold  /  UB  LI  SI 3‐9 sweet  /  cold  /  UB  LI  SI 10‐15
BI  XIE bitter  /  neutral  /  UB  LV  ST 9‐15 bitter  /  neutral  /  UB  LV  ST 10‐15
YIN  CHEN bitter  /  sl  cold  /  LV  SP  GB  ST 9‐30 bitter  /  cool  /  LV  SP  GB  ST 10‐30
HAN  FANG  JI bitter,  acrid  /  cold  /  UB  SP  KD  4.5‐9 acrid,  bitter  /  cold  /  UB  LU  KD  4.5‐9

11.  DISPEL  WIND‐DAMP

DU  HUO bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  KD  UB 3‐9 acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  LV  KD  UB 3‐10
WEI  LING  XIAN acrid,  salty  /  warm  /  UB 6‐9 acrid,  salty  /  warm  /  UB 5‐10
HAI  TONG  PI bitter,  acrid  /  neutral  /  LV  SP  KD 6‐15 bitter,  acrid  /  neutral  /  LV 6‐12
MU  GUA sour  /  warm  /  LV  SP 6‐12 sour  /  warm  /  LV  SP 6‐12
SANG  JI  SHENG bitter,  sweet  /  neutral  /  KD  LV 9‐15 bitter  /  neutral  /  LV  KD 10‐20
WU  JIA  PI acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  KD  LV 4.5‐9 acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  KD  LV 5‐10
QIN  JIAO bitter,  acrid  /  sl  cold  /  GB  LV  ST 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  cool  /  ST  LV  GB 5‐10
SANG  ZHI bitter  /  neutral  /  LV 9‐15  bitter  /  neutral  /  LV 10‐30
XI  XIAN  CAO bitter  /  cold  /  KD  LV 9‐15 bitter  /  cold  /  KD  LV 10‐15
BAI  HUA  SHE sweet,  salty  /  warm,  toxic  /  LV 3‐6 sweet,  salty  /  warm,  toxic  /  LV 3‐10

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 14

 12.  DISSOLVE  HOT‐PHLEGM
QIAN  HU bitter,  acrid  /  sl  cold  /  LU 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  cool  /  LU 6‐10
CHUAN  BEI  MU bitter,  sweet  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LU 3‐9 bitter,  sweet  /  cool  /  HT  LU 3‐10 
ZHE  BEI  MU bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LU 4.5‐9 bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LU 3‐10 
GUA  LOU sweet  /  cold  /  LI  LU  ST 9‐21 sweet  /  cold  /  LI  LU  ST 10‐20
GUA  LOU  PI sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  LI 6‐12 sweet  /  cold  /  LI  LU  ST 6‐12
GUA  LOU  REN sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  LI 9‐15 sweet  /  cold  /  LI  LU  ST 10‐15
ZHU  RU sweet  /  sl  cold  /  LU  ST  GB 4.5‐9 sweet  /  cool  /  LU  ST  GB 6‐10
HAI  ZAO bitter,  salty  /  cold  /  KD  LV  LU  ST 6‐15 bitter,  salty  /  cold  /  LV  ST  KD 10‐15

13.  DISSOLVE  COLD‐PHLEGM

BAN  XIA acrid  /  warm,  toxic  /  LU  SP  ST 3‐9 acrid  /  warm,  toxic  /  SP  ST  LU 5‐10
TIAN  NAN  XING bitter,  acrid  /  warm,  toxic  /  LV  LU  SP 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  warm,  toxic  /  LV  LU  SP 5‐10
DAN  NAN  XING bitter  /  cool,  sl  toxic  /  LV  LU  SP 3‐6 bitter  /  cool,  sl  toxic  /  LV  LU  SP 2‐5
BAI  JIE  ZI acrid  /  warm  /  LU 3‐9 acrid  /  warm  /  LU 3‐10
JIE  GENG bitter,  acrid  /  neutral  /  LU 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  neutral  /  LU 3‐9
XUAN  FU  HUA bitter,  acrid,  salty  /  sl  warm  /  LV  LU  ST  SP 3‐9  bitter,  acrid,  salty  /  sl  warm  /  LI  LU  ST  SP 3‐10
BAI  QIAN acrid,  sweet  /  sl  warm  /  LU 3‐9 acrid,  sweet  /  neutral  /  LU 3‐10

14.  STOP  COUGH  &  WHEEZING

XING  REN bitter  /  sl  warm,  sl  toxic  /  LU  LI 3‐9 bitter  /  sl  warm,  sl  toxic  /  LU  LI 3‐10
ZI  WAN acrid,  bitter  /  sl  warm  /  LU 5‐9 bitter,  sweet  /  sl  warm  /  LU 5‐10
ZI  SU  ZI acrid  /  warm  /  LI  LU 3‐9 acrid  /  warm  /  LU  LI 5‐10
PI  PA  YE bitter  /  neutral  /  LU  ST 6‐15 bitter  /  cool  /  LU  ST 10‐15
BAI  BU sweet,  bitter  /  sl  warm  /  LU 3‐9 sweet,  bitter  /  neutral  /  LU 5‐10
SANG  BAI  PI sweet  /  cold  /  LU 6‐15 sweet  /  cold  /  LU 10‐15

15.  AROMATICS  FOR  DAMP

CANG  ZHU acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  SP  ST 3‐9 acrid,  bitter  /  warm,  aromatic  /  SP  ST 5‐10
HOU  PO bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  LI  LU  SP  ST 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  LI  LU  SP  ST 3‐10
HUO  XIANG acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LU  SP  ST 3‐9 acrid  /  sl  warm,  aromatic  /  SP  ST  LU 3‐9
SHA  REN acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  SP  ST 3‐6 acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  SP  ST 3‐6
BAI  DOU  KOU acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  LU  SP  ST 3‐6 acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  LU  SP  ST 3‐6
CAO  DOU  KOU acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  SP  ST 3‐6 acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  SP  ST 3‐6
CAO  GUO acrid  /  warm  /  SP  ST 3‐6 acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  SP  ST 3‐6

16.  DIGESTIVES
SHAN  ZHA sour,  sweet  /  sl  warm  /  LV  SP  ST 9‐12 sweet,  sour  /  sl  warm  /  LV  SP  ST 10‐15
SHEN  QU sweet,  acrid  /  warm  /  SP  ST 6‐15 sweet,  acrid  /  warm  /  SP  ST 6‐15
MAI  YA sweet  /  neutral  /  LV  SP  ST 9‐15 sweet  /  neutral  /  LV  SP  ST 10‐15 
GU  YA sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  ST 9‐15 sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  ST 10‐15
LAI  FU  ZI acrid,  sweet  /  neutral  /  LU  SP  ST 4.5‐9 acrid,  sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  ST  LU 6‐10
JI  NEI  JIN sweet  /  neutral  /  UB  SI  SP  ST 3‐9 sweet  /  neutral  /  UB  SI  SP  ST 3‐10

17.  REGULATE  QI
CHEN  PI acrid,  bitter  /  warm,  aromatic  /  LU  SP  ST 3‐9 acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  LU  SP 3‐9
JU  HONG acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  LU  ST 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  LU  ST 3‐10
QING  PI bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  GB  LV  ST 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  LV  GB  ST 3‐10
ZHI  SHI bitter,  acrid  /  sl  cold  /  LI  SP  ST 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  cool  /  LI  SP  ST 3‐10
ZHI  KE bitter,  acrid  /  sl  cold  /  SP  ST  LI 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  cool  /  SP  ST  LI 3‐10
DA  FU  PI acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LI  SI  SP  ST 4.5‐9 acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LI  SI  SP  ST 3‐10

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 15

 XIANG  FU acrid,  sl  bitter,  sl  sweet  /  neutral  /  LV  SJ  GB 6‐12 acrid,  sl  bitter,  sl  sweet  /  neutral  /  LV  SJ 6‐12
MU  XIANG*  acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  GB  LI  SP  ST  SJ 3‐9 acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  GB  LI  SP  ST 3‐10
WU  YAO acrid  /  warm  /  UB  KD  LU  SP 3‐9 acrid  /  warm  /  UB  KD  LU  SP 3‐10
CHEN  XIANG acrid,  bitter  /  warm,  aromatic  /  KD  SP  ST 1‐1.5 acrid,  bitter  /  warm,  aromatic  /  KD  SP  ST 1‐1.5
TAN  XIANG acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  LU  SP  ST 2‐5 acrid  /  warm,  aromatic  /  SP  ST  LU 1‐3
CHUAN  LIAN  ZI bitter  /  cold,  sl  toxic  /  UB  LV  SI  ST 4.5‐9 bitter  /  cold,  sl  toxic  /  LV  SI  ST  UB 3‐10

18.  STOP  BLEEDING

SAN  QI sweet,  sl  bitter  /  warm  /  LV  ST 3‐9 sweet,  sl  bitter  /  warm  /  LV  ST 3‐10
PU  HUANG sweet,  acrid  /  neutral  /  LV  HT  SP  3‐9 sweet  /  neutral  /  LV  PC 3‐10
QIAN  CAO bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LV 9‐15 bitter  /  cold  /  LV 10‐15
DI  YU bitter,  sour  /  sl  cold  /  LV  LI  ST 9‐15 bitter,  sour  /  cool  /  LV  LI  ST 10‐15
HUAI  HUA bitter  /  cool  /  LV  LI  4.5‐9 bitter  /  cool  /  LV  LI  10‐15
CE  BAI  YE bitter,  astringent  /  sl  cold  /  LU  LV  LI 6‐15 bitter,  astringent  /  cool  /  LU  LV  LI 10‐15
BAI  MAO  GEN sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  SI  UB 9‐30 sweet  /  cold  /  LU  ST  UB 15‐30
XIAN  HE  CAO bitter,  astringent  /  neutral  /  LU  LV  SP 6‐12 bitter,  astringent  /  neutral  /  LU  LV  SP 10‐15
AI  YE bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  SP  LV  KD 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  SP  LV  KD 3‐10

19.  ACTIVATE  BLOOD

CHUAN  XIONG acrid  /  warm  /  LV  GB  PC 3‐9  acrid  /  warm  /  LV  GB  PC 3‐10
DAN  SHEN bitter  /  sl  cold  /  HT  PC  LV 6‐15 bitter  /  cool  /  HT  PC  LV 5‐10
YAN  HU  SUO  acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  HT  LV  ST 3‐9 acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  HT  LV  SP 3‐10
YU  JIN acrid,  bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LU  LV 6‐12 acrid,  bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LV  GB 6‐12
JIANG  HUANG acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  SP  ST  LV 3‐9 acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  SP  LV 3‐10
YI  MU  CAO acrid,  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LV  UB 9‐15 acrid,  bitter  /  cool  /  HT  LV  UB 10‐15
ZE  LAN bitter,  acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LV  SP 9‐15 bitter,  acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LV  SP 10‐15
CHI  SHAO sour,  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  LV  SP 6‐15 bitter  /  cool  /  LV 6‐15
TAO  REN bitter,  sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  LI  LV  LU 4.5‐9 bitter  /  neutral  /  HT  LI  LV  LU 6‐10
HONG  HUA acrid  /  warm  /  HT  LV 3‐9 acrid  /  warm  /  HT  LV 3‐10
E  ZHU bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  LV  SP 3‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  warm  /  SP  LV 3‐10
SAN  LENG bitter,  acrid  /  neutral  /  LV  SP 3‐9 bitter  /  neutral  /  LV  SP 3‐10
RU  XIANG acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  HT  LV  SP 3‐9 acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  HT  LV  SP 3‐10
MO  YAO bitter  /  neutral  /  HT  LV  SP 3‐9 bitter  /  neutral  /  HT  LV  SP 3‐10
HUAI  NIU  XI bitter,  sour  /  neutral  /  LV  KD  6‐15 bitter,  sour  /  neutral  /  LV  KD  10‐15
CHUAN  NIU  XI sweet,  bitter  /  neutral  /  LV  KD 4.5‐9 bitter,  sour  /  neutral  /  LV  KD 10‐15
WANG  BU  LIU  XING bitter  /  neutral  /  LV  ST 4.5‐9 bitter  /  neutral  /  LV  ST 6‐10

20.  WARM  INTERIOR

FU  ZI acrid  /  hot,  toxic  /  HT  KD  SP 3‐15 acrid  /  hot,  toxic  /  HT  KD  SP 3‐15
CHUAN  WU* acrid,  bitter  /  hot,  very  toxic  /  LV  SP 1.5‐4.5 acrid,  bitter  /  hot,  very  toxic  /  HT  LV  SP 1.5‐4.5
CAO  WU acrid,  bitter  /  hot,  very  toxic  /  LV  SP  KD 1.5‐3 acrid,  bitter  /  hot,  very  toxic  /  HT  LV  SP 1.5‐3
GAN  JIANG acrid  /  hot  /  HT  LU  SP  ST 3‐9 acrid  /  hot  /  HT  LU  SP  ST 3‐10
ROU  GUI acrid,  sweet  /  hot  /  HT  KD  LV  SP 1.5‐4.5  acrid,  sweet  /  hot  /  HT  KD  LV  SP 2‐5
WU  ZHU  YU acrid,  bitter  /  hot,  sl  toxic  /  LV  SP  ST 1.5‐4.5 acrid,  bitter  /  hot,  sl  toxic  /  LV  SP  ST 1.5‐5
HUA  JIAO acrid  /  hot,  sl  toxic  /  KD  SP  ST 3‐6 acrid  /  hot,  sl  toxic  /  KD  SP  ST 2‐5
GAO  LIANG  JIANG acrid  /  hot  /  SP  ST 3‐9 acrid  /  hot  /  SP  ST 3‐10
DING  XIANG acrid  /  warm  /  KD  SP  ST 1‐3 acrid  /  warm  /  KD  SP  ST 2‐5
XIAO  HUI  XIANG acrid  /  warm  /  LV  KD  SP  ST 3‐9 acrid  /  warm  /  LV  KD  SP  ST 3‐8
BI  BA acrid  /  hot  /  ST  LI 1.5‐4.5 acrid  /  hot  /  ST  LI 2‐5
HU  JIAO  acrid  /  hot  /  LI  ST 1.5‐3  acrid  /  hot  /  ST  LI 2‐3 

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 16

 21.  QI  TONICS
REN  SHEN sweet,  sl  bitter  /  sl  warm  /  LU  SP 3‐9  sweet,  sl  bitter  /  sl  warm  /  LU  SP 5‐10
DANG  SHEN sweet  /  neutral  /  LU  SP 6‐9  sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  LU 6‐10
HUANG  QI sweet  /  sl  warm  /  LU  SP 9‐15  sweet  /  sl  warm  /  SP  LU 10‐15
SHAN  YAO sweet  /  neutral  /  KD  LU  SP 9‐30 sweet  /  neutral  /  KD  LU  SP 10‐30
BAI  ZHU bitter,  sweet  /  warm  /  SP  ST 6‐15 bitter,  sweet  /  warm  /  SP  ST 5‐15
DA  ZAO sweet  /  warm  /  SP  ST 10‐30  sweet  /  warm  /  SP  ST 3‐12
GAN  CAO sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  LU  SP  ST  (12  ch) 1.5‐9  sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  ST  LU  HT 3‐10
ZHI  GAN  CAO sweet  /  warm  /  HT  LU  SP  ST  (12  ch)  1.5‐9  sweet  /  warm  /  SP  ST  LU  HT 3‐10
BAI  BIAN  DOU sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  ST 9‐30 sweet  /  sl  warm  /  SP  ST 10‐30
YI  TANG sweet  /  sl  warm  /  LU  SP  ST 15‐60 sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  LU  LI    30‐60
GENG  MI sweet  /  cool  /  SP  ST 9‐15 sweet  /  cool  /  SP  ST 9‐15
FENG  MI* sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  LU  LI 15‐30 sweet  /  neutral  /  SP  LU  LI 15‐30

22.  BLOOD  TONICS

SHU  DI  HUANG sweet  /  sl  warm  /  HT  KD  LV 9‐30 sweet  /  sl  warm  /  LV  KD 10‐30
DANG  GUI sweet,  acrid  /  warm  /  HT  LV  SP 4.5‐15 sweet,  acrid  /  warm  /  HT  LV  SP 5‐15
BAI  SHAO bitter,  sour  /  sl  cold  /  LV  SP 6‐15  bitter,  sour  /  cool  /  LV  SP 5‐10
E  JIAO sweet  /  neutral  /  KD  LV  LU 3‐9 sweet  /  neutral  /  LU  LV  KD 5‐10
GOU  QI  ZI sweet  /  neutral  /  LV  LU  KD  6‐12 sweet  /  neutral  /  LV  KD  LU 5‐15
SANG  SHEN sweet  /  cold  /  HT  LV  KD  9‐15 sweet  /  cold  /  HT  LV  KD  10‐15
LONG  YAN  ROU  sweet  /  warm  /  HT  SP 9‐15 sweet  /  warm  /  HT  SP 10‐15

23.  YANG  TONICS

LU  RONG sweet,  salty  /  warm  /  KD  LV 1‐2 sweet,  salty  /  warm  /  KD  LV 1‐2
LU  JIAO  JIAO sweet,  salty  /  warm  /  LV  KD  6‐12 sweet,  salty  /  warm  /  LV  KD  5‐10
SUO  YANG sweet  /  warm  /  LI  KD  LV 5‐15 sweet  /  warm  /  LV  KD  LI 10‐15
YIN  YANG  HUO acrid,  sweet  /  warm  /  KD  LV 3‐9 acrid,  sweet  /  warm  /  KD  LV 10‐15
BA  JI  TIAN acrid,  sweet  /  sl  warm  /  KD 6‐15 acrid,  sweet  /  sl  warm  /  KD 10‐15
HU  TAO  REN sweet  /  warm  /  KD  LI  LU 9‐15  sweet  /  warm  /  KD  LU  LI 10‐30
BU  GU  ZHI acrid,  bitter  /  very  warm  /  KD  SP 4.5‐9 bitter,  acrid  /  very  warm  /  KD  SP 5‐10
YI  ZHI  REN acrid  /  warm  /  KD  SP 3‐9 acrid  /  warm  /  KD  SP 3‐10
XIAN  MAO acrid  /  hot,  toxic  /  KD 3‐9 acrid  /  hot,  toxic  /  KD 3‐10
DU  ZHONG sweet,  sl  acrid  /  warm  /  KD  LV 9‐15 sweet  /  warm  /  KD  LV 10‐15
GOU  JI bitter,  sweet  /  warm  /  KD  LV 9‐15 sweet,  bitter  /  warm  /  LV  KD 10‐15
XU  DUAN bitter,  sweet,  acrid  /  sl  warm  /  KD  LV 9‐18 bitter,  sweet,  acrid  /  sl  warm  /  LV  KD 10‐20
GU  SUI  BU bitter  /  warm  /  KD  LV 9‐21 bitter  /  warm  /  LV  KD 10‐20
TU  SI  ZI acrid,  sweet  /  neutral  /  KD  LV 6‐15 acrid,  sweet  /  neutral  /  LV  KD 10‐15
SHA  YUAN  ZI sweet  /  warm  /  KD  LV 9‐18 sweet  /  warm  /  KD  LV 10‐20

24.  YIN  TONICS

BEI  SHA  SHEN sweet,  sl  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  LU  ST 9‐15 sweet  /  cool  /  LU  ST 10‐15
NAN  SHA  SHEN sweet,  sl  bitter  /  cool  /  LU  ST 9‐15 sweet,  sl  bitter  /  cool  /  LU  ST 10‐15
MAI  MEN  DONG sweet,  sl  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LU  ST 6‐15 sweet,  sl  bitter  /  cool  /  SP  ST  HT 10‐15
TIAN  MEN  DONG sweet,  bitter  /  very  cold  /  KD  LU 6‐12 sweet,  bitter  /  very  cold  /  LU  KD 6‐15
BAI  HE sweet,  sl  bitter  /  sl  cold  /  HT  LU 9‐30 sweet  /  cool  /  LU  HT 10‐30
NU  ZHEN  ZI bitter,  sweet  /  cool  /  KD  LV 9‐18 sweet,  bitter  /  cool  /  LV  KD  10‐15
HEI  ZHI  MA sweet  /  neutral  /  KD  LV  LI 9‐30 sweet  /  neutral  /  LV  KD 10‐30
GUI  BAN salty,  sweet  /  cold  /  HT  KD  LV 15‐45 salty,  sweet  /  cold  /  LV  KD  HT 10‐30
GUI  BAN  JIAO salty,  sweet  /  cold  /  HT  KD  LV 3‐9 salty,  sweet  /  cold  /  LV  KD  HT 3‐10
BIE  JIA salty  /  sl  cold  /  LV  SP 9‐30 salty  /  cold  /  LV 10‐30
JI  ZI  HUANG  (CN/KR  text) sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  KD 1‐3  yolks sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  KD 1‐3  yolks

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 17

 25.  ASTRINGENTS
SHAN  ZHU  YU sour  /  sl  warm  /  KD  LV 6‐12 sour  /  sl  warm  /  KD  LV 6‐12
WU  WEI  ZI sour,  sweet  /  warm  /  HT  KD  LU 3‐6 sour  /  warm  /  KD  LU  HT 2‐6 
WU  MEI sour,  astringent  /  warm  /  LI  LV  LU  SP  6‐12 sour  /  neutral  /  LV  SP  LU  LI 10‐30
HE  ZI bitter,  sour,  astringent  /  neutral  /  LU  ST  LI 3‐9 bitter,  astringent  /  neutral  /  LU  LI 3‐10
ROU  DOU  KOU acrid  /  warm  /  LI  SP  ST 3‐9 acrid  /  warm  /  LI  SP  ST 3‐10
CHUN  PI bitter,  astringent  /  cold  /  LI  ST 6‐9 bitter,  astringent  /  cold  /  LI  ST  LV    3‐5
CHI  SHI  ZHI sweet,  sour,  astringent  /  warm  /  SP  ST  LI 9‐18 sweet,  sour,  astringent  /  warm  /  SP  ST  LI 10‐20
LIAN  ZI sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  HT  KD  SP 6‐15 sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  HT  KD  SP 6‐15
LIAN  XU sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  HT  KD  LV 3‐9 sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  HT  KD 1.5‐5
QIAN  SHI sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  KD  SP 9‐15 sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  KD  SP 10‐15
JIN  YING  ZI sour,  astringent  /  neutral  /  UB  KD  LI 6‐12  sour,  astringent  /  neutral  /  KD  UB  LI 6‐18
FU  PEN  ZI sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  KD  LV 6‐12 sweet,  sour  /  sl  warm  /  KD  LV 3‐10
BAI  GUO sweet,  bitter,  astringent  /  neutral,  sl  toxic  /  KD  LU 4.5‐9 sweet,  bitter,  astringent  /  neutral,  sl  toxic  /  LU 1.5‐9
FU  XIAO  MAI sweet,  sl  salty  /  cool  /  HT 15‐30 sweet  /  cool  /  HT 15‐30
HAI  PIAO  XIAO salty,  astringent  /  sl  warm  /  KD  LV  ST 6‐12 salty,  astringent  /  sl  warm  /  LV  KD 6‐12 

26.  ANCHOR  &  CALM  SHEN

LONG  GU sweet,  astringent  /  neutral  /  HT  LV  KD 15‐30 sweet,  astringent  /  cool  /  HT  LV 15‐30
MU  LI salty,  astringent  /  cool  /  LV  KD 9‐30 salty,  astringent  /  cool  /  LV  KD 15‐30
CI  SHI acrid,  salty  /  cold  /  KD  LV 15‐30 acrid,  salty  /  cold  /  LV  KD  HT 10‐30
ZHEN  ZHU sweet,  salty  /  cold  /  HT  LV 0.3‐1 sweet,  salty  /  cold  /  HT  LV 0.3‐1

27.  NOURISH  &  CALM  SHEN

SUAN  ZAO  REN sweet,  sour  /  neutral  /  GB  HT  LV  SP 9‐15 sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  LV 10‐18
BAI  ZI  REN sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  KD  LI 3‐9 sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  KD  LI 10‐18
YUAN  ZHI bitter,  acrid  /  sl  warm  /  HT  LU 6‐15 acrid,  bitter  /  sl  warm  /  LU  HT 3‐9
YE  JIAO  TENG sweet  /  neutral  /  HT  LV 15‐30 sweet,  sl  bitter  /  neutral  /  HT  LV 15‐30

28.  EXTINGUISH  LIVER  WIND

GOU  TENG sweet  /  sl  cold  /  PC  LV 6‐15 sweet  /  cool  /  LV  PC 10‐15
TIAN  MA* sweet  /  neutral  /  LV 3‐9 sweet  /  neutral  /  LV 3‐10 
BAI  JI  LI acrid,  bitter  /  neutral  /  LV 6‐15 bitter,  acrid  /  neutral  /  LV 6‐10
SHI  JUE  MING salty  /  cold  /  KD  LV 15‐30 salty  /  cold  /  LV 15‐30
DI  LONG salty  /  cold  /  UB  LV  LU  SP 4.5‐15 salty  /  cold  /  LV  SP  UB  LU 5‐15 
DAI  ZHE  SHI bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LV  PC 9‐30  bitter  /  cold  /  HT  LV 10‐30

29.  EXTERNAL  USE

SHE  CHUANG  ZI acrid,  bitter  /  warm,  sl  toxic  /  KD 3‐9 acrid,  bitter  /  warm  /  KD 3‐9 

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 18

 CATEGORY COMPARISON / ALTERNATIVE NAMES

CATEGORY COMPARISON

PINYIN CN/KR LATIN BENSKY CHEN

BAI  GUO 白果(백과) Ginkgo  Semen Astringents  Stop  Cough  &  Wheezing
CHI  SHAO 赤芍(적작) Paeoniae  Radix  Rubra Activate  Blood  Clear  Blood‐Heat
GOU  QI  ZI 枸杞子(구기자) Lycii  Fructus Blood  Tonics Yin  Tonic
HAN  FANG  JI 漢防己(한방기) Stephaniae  Tetrandrae  Radix Drain  Damp  Expel  Wind‐Damp
JUE  MING  ZI 決明子(결명자) Cassiae  Semen Clear  &  Purge  Heat  Extinguish  LV  Wind
MU  LI 牡蠣(모려) Ostreae  Concha Anchor  &  Calm  Shen Extinguish  LV  Wind
QIN  PI  秦皮(진피) Fraxini  Cortex Clear  Damp‐Heat  Clear  Toxic‐Heat
SANG  SHEN 桑椹(상심) Mori  Fructus Blood  Tonics Yin  Tonic
ZHEN  ZHU 珍珠(진주) Margarita Anchor  &  Calm  Shen Extinguish  LV  Wind

ALTERNATIVE NAMES

PINYIN CHINESE LATIN ALTERNATIVE  NAME CATEGORY

BEI  MU 貝母 Fritillariae  Cirrhosae/Thunbergii  Bulbus 󰁾 CHUAN  BEI  MU  /  ZHE  BEI  MU Dissolve  Hot‐Phlegm

BI  BO 蓽茇 Piperis  Longi  Fructus 󰁾 BI  BA Warm  Interior

CAO  WU 草烏 Aconiti  Kusnezoffii  Preparata 󰁾 ZHI  CAO  WU Warm  Interior

CHUAN  WU* 川烏 Aconiti  Radix  Preparata    󰁾 ZHI  CHUAN  WU Warm  Interior

CHUN  GEN  PI 椿皮 Ailanthi  Cortex 󰁾 CHUN  PI Astringents

DI  HUANG 地黃 Rehmanniae  Radix 󰁾 SHENG  DI  HUANG Clear  Blood‐Heat

DOU  KOU 豆蔲 Amomi  Fructus  Rotundus 󰁾 BAI  DOU  KOU Aromatics  for  Damp

FANG  JI  防己 Stephaniae  Tetrandrae  Radix 󰁾 HAN  FANG  JI Drain  Damp 

FEN  BI  XIE 粉萆薢 Dioscoreae  Hypoglaucae  Rhizoma 󰁾 BI  XIE Drain  Damp

GUA  LOU  ZI 瓜蔞子 Trichosanthis  Semen 󰁾 GUA  LOU  REN Dissolve  Hot‐Phlegm

GUANG  HUO  XIANG 廣藿香 Pogostemonis  Herba 󰁾 HUO  XIANG Aromatics  for  Damp

HUAI  HUA  MI 槐花米 Sophorae  Flos  Immaturus 󰁾 HUAI  HUA Stop  bleeding

HUANG  BO 黃蘗 Phellodendri  Cortex 󰁾 HUANG  BAI Clear  Damp‐Heat

JI  LI 蒺藜 Tribuli  Fructus 󰁾 BAI  JI  LI  (=  Ci  Ji  Li) Extinguish  Liver  Wind

JIN  QIAN  BAI  HUA  SHI 金錢白花蛇 Bungarus 󰁾 BAI  HUA  SHE Dispel  Wind‐Damp

JING  MI 粳米 Oryzae  Semen 󰁾 GENG  MI Qi  Tonics

KU  XING  REN 苦杏仁 Armeniacae  Semen  Amarum 󰁾 XING  REN Stop  Cough  &  Wheezing

MA  ZI  REN 麻子仁 Cannabis  Semen 󰁾 HUO  MA  REN Laxatives

MU  TONG    木通 Clematidis  Armandii  Caulis 󰁾 CHUAN  MU  TONG Drain  Damp

NIU  XI 牛膝 Cyathulae/Achyranthis  Bidentatae  Radix 󰁾 CHUAN  NIU  XI  /  HUAI  NIU  XI Activate  Blood

SHA  SHEN 沙參 Glehniae/Adenophorae  Radix 󰁾 BEI  SHA  SHEN  /  NAN  SHA  SHEN Yin  Tonics

SHA  YUAN  JI  LI 沙苑蒺藜 Astragali  Complanati  Semen 󰁾 SHA  YUAN  ZI Yang  Tonics

SHOU  WU  TENG 首烏藤 Polygoni  Multiflori  Caulis 󰁾 YE  JIAO  TENG Nourish  &  Calm  Shen

YIN  CHEN  HAO 茵蔯蒿 Artemisiae  Scopariae  Herba 󰁾 YIN  CHEN Drain  Damp

ZHE  SHI 赭石 Haematitum 󰁾 DAI  ZHE  SHI Extinguish  Liver  Wind

ZHI  QIAO 枳殼 Aurantii  Fructus 󰁾 ZHI  KE Regulate  Qi

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 19

 OMITTED HERBS / ADDED HERBS

OMITTED HERBS
CATEGORY PINYIN CN/KR LATIN ENGLISH

1.  Disperse  Wind‐Cold  (p.332) MA  HUANG 麻黃(마황) Ephedra  Herba ephedra  stem

1.  Disperse  Wind‐Cold  (p.332) XI  XIN 細辛(세신) Asari  Herba chinese  wild  ginger 

10.  Cathartics  (p.339) DA  JI 大戟(대극) Euphorbiae  Pekinesis  Radix euphorbia  root

11.  Diuretic  (p.340)  MU  TONG 木通(목통) Akebiae  Caulis akebia  caulis

15.  Stop  Cough  &  Wheezing  (p.332) KUAN  DONG  HUA 款冬花(관동화) Farfarae  Flos tussilago  flower

29.  Aromatics  for  Opening  Orifices  (p.357) NIU  HUANG 牛黃(우황) Bovis  Calculus cattle  bezoar

31.  Expel  Parasites  (p.357) BING  LANG 檳榔(빈랑) Arecae  Semen betel  nut

33.  Obsolete  Substances  (p.358) ➪ OMIT  ALL  HERBS  FROM  THIS  CATEGORY

ADDED HERBS
PINYIN CN/KR LATIN ENGLISH CATEGORY F

BAI  TOU  WENG 白頭翁(백두옹) Pulsatillae  Radix pulsatilla Clear  Toxic‐Heat ●

CHUAN  MU  TONG 川木通(천목통) Clematidis  Armandii  Caulis clematidis  caulis Drain  Damp ●

DAN  NAN  XING 膽南星(담남성) Arisaema  Cum  Bile bile‐prepared  Arisaema Dissolve  Cold‐Phlegm ●

GUI  BAN  JIAO 龜板膠(구판교) Testudinis  Plastri  Colla tortise  plastron  gelatin Yin  Tonics ●

HUO  MA  REN 火麻仁(화마인) Cannabis  Semen hemp  seeds Laxatives ●

JI  ZI  HUANG 鷄子黃(계지황) Galli  Vitellus chicken  egg  yolk Yin  Tonics ●

JIANG  HUANG 薑黃(강황) Curcumae  Longae  Rhizoma turmeric  Activate  Blood

LIAN  XU 蓮鬚(연수) Nelumbinis  Stamen lotus  stamen Astringents ●

LU  JIAO  JIAO 鹿角膠(녹각교) Cervi  Cornu  Colla deer  horn  gelatin Yang  Tonics ●

NAN  SHA  SHEN 南沙參(남사삼) Adenophorae  Radix adenophora  root Yin  Tonics

QIN  PI  秦皮(진피) Fraxini  Cortex ash  bark Clear  Damp‐Heat  ●

SHA  YUAN  ZI 沙苑子(사원자) Astragali  Complanati  Semen flat‐stem  milkvetch  seed Yang  Tonics ●

TAN  XIANG 檀香(단향) Santali  Albi  Lignum sandalwood Regulate  Qi ●

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 20

 13 NEW HERBS

BAI  TOU  WENG bitter LI   Clear  Toxic‐Heat  &  Damp‐Heat:  Heat  accumulating  into  clumps  in  the  ST/LI, 
cold ST hot  dysenteric  disorder,  especially  if  bleeding  →  Bai  Tou  Weng  Tang
Clear  Toxic‐Heat  Treat  malaria:  fever  with  intermittent  chills
6‐15g
Pulsatillae  Radix
 Stop  vaginal  itching:  vaginal  pruritus  &  discharge
(pulsatilla)

CHUAN  MU  TONG bland UB   Promote  urination,  drain  Damp‐Heat  &  relieve  strangury:  dysruia,  dark  scanty 
bitter HT  burning  urine  →  Ba  Zheng  San
Drain  Damp cold SI  Clear  HT  Heat  via  the  SI:  mouth  sores  or  ulcers,  fever  blisters,  dark  urine, 
Clematidis  Armandii  3‐6g
irritability  →  Dao  Chi  San
Caulis  Open  the  channels  &  relax  the  joints:  red,  hot  swollen  joints,  muscle  &  joint 
(clematidis  caulis) pain  &  stiffness
 Facilitate  lactation,  unblock  Blood  stasis:  blocked  lactation,  occasionally 
amenorrhea  or  joint  swelling  &  pain

DAN  NAN  XING bitter LV  Transform  Phlegm‐Heat  &  extinguish  Wind  to  settle  convulsions  &  spasms: 
cool LU Phlegm‐Heat,  convulsions  &  spasms  due  to  Wind  →  Qing  Qi  Hua  Tan  Wan
Dissolve  Cold‐Phlegm sl  toxic SP

Arisaema  Cum  Bile 3‐6g

(bile‐prepared  Arisaema) Tian  Nan  Xing  (warm,  toxic) Dan  Nan  Xing  (cool)
Arisaematis  Rz. Arisaematis  Rz  prepared  with  bovine  bile
Damp‐Phlegm,  Wind‐Phlegm Phlegm‐Heat,  convulsion/spasm

GUI  BAN  JIAO salty    HT   Nourish  the  Yin,  anchor  the  Yang:  night  sweats,  dizziness,  Steaming  Bone 
sweet KD  disorder  due  to  Yin  deficiency,  Yin  deficiency  generating  internal  Wind  →  Zuo 
Yin  Tonics cold LV Gui  Wan 
Testudinis  Plastri  Colla 3‐9g
 Benefit  the  KD,  strengthen  the  bones:  sore  lower  back,  weak  legs,  retarded 
(tortise  plastron  gelatin) skeletal  development,  failure  of  the  fontanels  to  close 
 Nourish  the  Blood,  tonify  the  HT:  HT  deficiency  with  insomnia,  anxiety, 
forgetfulness
 Cool  the  Blood,  stop  uterine  bleeding:  excessive  menstruation  or  uterine 
bleeding  due  to  reckless  movement  of  hot  Blood 
 Regenerate  tissue:  chronic,  non‐healing,  indolent  sores
 Note:  Compare  to  Gui  Ban,  it  has  similar  properties  but  a  richer  function  to 
tonify  yin  and  stop  bleeding

HUO  MA  REN sweet  LI  Mildly  nourish  Yin  and  fluids,  moisten  the  intestines:  dry  constipation  in  older 
neutral SP  or  deficient  patients,  or  postpartum,  due  to  Blood  deficiency  →  Ma  Zi  Ren 
Laxatives ST Wan  /  Run  Chang  Wan
9‐15g  Clear  Heat  &  heal  sores:  chronic  sores,  ulcers
Cannabis  Semen
(hemp  seed)

JI  ZI  HUANG sweet  HT  Tonify  Yin/Blood  and  treat  Dryness:  Yin,  Blood,  and  Fluid  deficiency  →  Huang 
neutral KD Lian  E  Jiao  Tang 
Yin  Tonics
1‐3  yolks
Galli  Vitellus 
(chicken  egg  yolk)

JIANG  HUANG acrid  SP  Invigorate  the  Blood,  break  up  Blood  stasis,  Move  the  Qi:  chest  or  abdomen 
bitter ST pain  due  to  Blood  stasis  caused  by  Deficiency‐Cold  or  stagnant  Qi, 
Activate  Blood  warm LV gynecological  disorders,  painful  swelling  due  to  trauma  →  Juan  Bi  Tang
Curcumae  longae  Rz 3‐9g
 Treat  Wind  painful  obstruction:  Wind‐Damp  painful  obstruction  causing  aching 
(Tumeric  rhizome) arms  or  shoulders

LIAN  XU sweet HT   Clear  HT  Heat  &  astringe  the  KD:  nocturnal  emission,  enuresis,  vaginal 
astringent KD  discharge
Astringent neutral LV  Astringe  essence,  stop  bleeding:  uterine  bleeding  →  Jin  Suo  Gu  Jing  Wan
Nelumbinis  Stamen 3‐9g
(lotus  stamen)

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 21

LU  JIAO  JIAO sweet  LV  Tonify  the  LV  and  KD:  KD  Yang  and  Essence  deficiency  (Substitute  for  Lu 
salty KD Rong,  less  expensive)  with  symptoms  as  cold  limbs,  dizziness,  tinnitus, 
Yang  Tonics warm soreness  and  lack  of  strength  in  the  lower  back  and  knee;  atropy  (wei) 
Cervi  Cornu  Colla  6‐12g
syndrome,  uterine  bleeding,  impotence,  malnutrition  and  delayed  physical 
(deer  horn  gelatin) growth  in  children  →  Zuo  Gui  Wan  /  You  Gui  Wan
 Treat  Yin  Sores:  chronic  yin  sores  and  boils  that  are  concave,  discharging 
clear  fluid  and  are  slow‐healing  in  nature

NAN  SHA  SHEN
Yin  Tonics
Adenophorae  Radix
(adenophora  root)
sweet LU  Moisten  the  LU,  stop  cough:  dry,  non‐productive  cough  due  to  LU  Yin 
sl  bitter ST deficiency,  consumptive  cough  with  blood‐streaked  sputum,  hoarseness  due  to 
cool chronic  cough    →  Sha  Shen  Mai  Men  Dong  Tang
9‐15g
 Nourish  ST  Yin,  generate  fluids:  thirst,  dry  mouth  &  throat,  fatigue, 
constipation  in  Yin  deficiency  or  fever,  dry/itchy  skin  worse  in  dry,  cold 
weather  →  Yi  Wei  Tang  /  Yi  Guan  Jian
 Moisten  the  exterior:  dry,  itchy  skin  aggravated  by  cold  and  dry  weather

Bei  (north)  Sha  Shen  (Glehniae  Rx) Moisten  Generate  Fluids

Nan  (south)  Sha  Shen  (Adenophorae  Rx) LU/ST Expel  Phlegm,  moisten  exterior

QIN  PI bitter GB   Clear  Damp‐Heat:  Damp‐Heat  in  the  LI,  dysenteric  disorders,  vaginal  discharge, 
astringent LI hot  painful  obstruction,  painful  joints  due  to  Wind‐Damp‐Heat  →  Bai  Tou  Weng 
Clear  Damp‐Heat cold LV Tang
ST
Fraxini  Cortex 6‐12g
 Cool  the  LV,  benefit  the  eyes:  red  &  swollen  eyes,  superficial  visual 
(ash  bark) obstruction,  LV/GB  Fire

SHA  YUAN  ZI sweet KD  Fortify  Yang,  secure  the  Essence:  deficient  KD  Yang  with  lower  back  pain, 
warm LV tinnitus,  impotence,  urinary  frequency  →  Jin  Suo  Gu  Jing  Wan
Yang  Tonics  Tonify  the  LV  &  KD  &  improve  the  vision:  reduced  visual  acuity  or  blurred 
9‐18g
Astragali  Complanati  Semen
vision  from  deficiency
(flattened  milkvetch 
seed)
Sha  Yuan  Zi Tu  Si  Zi
Nourish  the  LV/KD,  improve  the  vision,  contain  fluid  leakage 
• Stop  diarrhea,  calm  the  fetus

TAN  XIANG acrid  LU   Activate  the  Qi,  expand  the  chest  &  relieve  pain:  chest  pain,  distension  & 
warm SP  oppression,  precordial  pain  &  oppression  →  Dan  Shen  Yin 
Regulate  Qi  aromatic ST  Warm  the  ST,  awaken  the  SP  &  harmonize  the  Middle  Jiao:  epigastric  & 
Santali  Albi  Lignum 2‐5g
abdominal  pain,  nausea,  vomiting 
(Sandalwood)

Herb  Photos:  from  Qpuncture

ⓒ  HB  Kim,  2011 22

 HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL MEDICINE 3rd Edition

ADDENDUM FOR FORMULAS SECTION

PAGE SUBJECTS
2 CA  FORMULA  LIST  –  Categories
4 CA  FORMULA  LIST  –  Alphabetical
6 CA  FORMULA  LIST  –  Hierarchy
8 OMITTED  FORMULAS  /  ADDED  FORMULAS
CATEGORIES PAGE
1.  Release  the  Exterior 9
2.  Clear  Heat 11
3.  Drain  Downward 13
4.  Harmonize 14
5.  Expel  Dampness 16
6.  Treat  Dryness 19
7.  Warm  Interior  Cold 20
9 83  FORMULAS 8.  Tonify 22
9.  Treat  Phlegm 26
10.  Regulate  the  Qi 28
11.  Invigorate  the  Blood 29
12.  Stop  Bleeding 31
13.  Calm  the  Spirit 32
14.  Expel  Wind 33
15.  Reduce  Food  Retention 34
16.  Stabilize  and  Bind 35

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 1

 CA FORMULA LIST CATEGORIES

CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY PINYIN ENGLISH

Wind‐Cold GUI  ZHI  TANG Cinnamon  Twig  Decoction

SANG  JU  YIN Mulberry  Leaf  and  Chrysanthemum  Decoction

Release  the  Exterior Wind‐Heat YIN  QIAO  SAN Honeysuckle  and  Forsythia  Powder

CHAI  GE  JIE  JI  TANG Bupleurum  and  Kudzu  Decoction  to  Release  the  Muscle  Layer

Wind  +  Interior  Deficiency REN  SHEN  BAI  DU  SAN Ginseng  Powder  to  Overcome  Pathogenic  Influences

Qi  Level BAI  HU  TANG White  Tiger  Decoction

HUANG  LIAN  JIE  DU  TANG Coptis  Decoction  to  Relieve  Toxicity
Toxic‐Heat
XIE  XIN  TANG Drain  the  Epigastrium  Decoction

DAO  CHI  SAN Guide  Out  the  Red  Powder

Clear  Heat
LONG  DAN  XIE  GAN  TANG Gentiana  Decoction  to  Drain  the  Liver
Organ‐Heat
QING  WEI  SAN Clear  the  Stomach  Powder

BAI  TOU  WENG  TANG Pulsatilla  Decoction

Deficient‐Heat QING  HAO  BIE  JIA  TANG Artemisia  Annua  and  Soft‐shelled  Turtle  Shell  Decoction

DA  CHENG  QI  TANG Major  Order  the  Qi  Decoction

Heat  accumulation XIAO  CHENG  QI  TANG Minor  Order  the  Qi  Decoction

Drain  Downward TIAO  WEI  CHENG  QI  TANG Regulate  the  Stomach  and  Order  the  Qi  Decoction

MA  ZI  REN  WAN Hemp  Seed  Pill

Intestinal  Dryness
RUN  CHANG  WAN Moisten  the  Intestines  Pill

Shao‐Yang  Stage XIAO  CHAI  HU  TANG Minor  Bupleurum  Decoction

SI  NI  SAN Frigid  Extremities  Powder

Harmonize Liver  and  Spleen
XIAO  YAO  SAN Rambling  Powder

Stomach  and  Intestines BAN  XIA  XIE  XIN  TANG Pinellia  Decoction  to  Drain  the  Epigastrium

PING  WEI  SAN Calm  the  Stomach  Powder

Damp  Turbidity
HUO  XIANG  ZHENG  QI  SAN Agastache  Powder  to  Rectify  the  Qi

Damp‐Heat BA  ZHENG  SAN Eight‐Herb  Powder  for  Rectification

WU  LING  SAN Five‐Ingredient  Powder  with  Poria

Expel  Dampness
Water  Irregularity ZHU  LING  TANG Polyporus  Decoction

WU  PI  SAN Five‐Peel  Powder

Cold‐Damp ZHEN  WU  TANG True  Warrior  Decoction

Wind‐Damp JUAN  BI  TANG Remove  Painful  Obstruction  Decoction

Exterior  Dryness XING  SU  SAN Apricot  Kernel  and  Perilla  Leaf  Powder

Treat  Dryness BAI  HU  GU  JIN  TANG Lily  Bulb  Decoction  to  Preserve  the  Metal
Interior  Dryness
MAI  MEN  DONG  TANG Ophiopogonis  Decoction

LI  ZHONG  WAN Regulate  the  Middle  Pill

WU  ZHU  YU  TANG Evodia  Decoction

Middle  Cold
Warm  Interior  Cold XIAO  JIAN  ZHONG  TANG Minor  Construct  the  Middle  Decoction

DA  JIAN  ZHONG  TANG Major  Construct  the  Middle  Decoction

Yang  Collapse SI  NI  TANG Frigid  Extremities  Decoction

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 2

 SI  JUN  ZI  TANG Four‐Gentlemen  Decoction

SHEN  LING  BAI  ZHU  SAN Ginseng,  Poria,  and  White  Atractylodes  Powder
Qi  Deficiency
BU  ZHONG  YI  QI  TANG Tonify  the  Middle  and  Augment  the  Qi  Decoction

SHENG  MAI  SAN Generate  the  Pulse  Powder

Blood  Deficiency SI  WU  TANG Four‐Substances  Decoction

DANG  GUI  BU  XUE  TANG Tangkuei  Decoction  to  Tonify  the  Blood

Tonify GUI  PI  TANG Restore  the  Spleen  Decoction

Qi  &  Blood  Deficiency
BA  ZHEN  TANG Eight‐Treasure  Decoction

SHI  QUAN  DA  BU  TANG All‐Inclusive  Great  Tonifying  Decoction

LIU  WEI  DI  HUANG  WAN Six‐Ingredient  Pill  with  Rehmannia

Yin  Deficiency
ZUO  GUI  WAN Restore  the  Left  Kidney  Pill

JIN  GUI  SHEN  QI  WAN Kidney  Qi  Pill  from  the  Golden  Cabinet
Yang  Deficiency
YOU  GUI  WAN Restore  the  Right  Kidney  Pill

Damp‐Phlegm ER  CHEN  TANG Two‐Cured  Decoction

WEN  DAN  TANG Warm  the  Gallbladder  Decoction

Hot‐Phlegm
QING  QI  HUA  TAN  WAN Clear  the  Qi  and  Transform  Phlegm  Pill
Treat  Phlegm
Dry‐Phlegm BEI  MU  GUA  LOU  SAN Fritillaria  and  Trichosanthes  Fruit  Powder

BAN  XIA  BAI  ZHU  TIAN  MA  TANG Pinellia,  Atractylodis  Macrocephalae,  and  Gastrodia  Decoction
Phlegm  +  Wind
ZHI  SOU  SAN Stop  Coughing  Powder

YUE  JU  WAN Escape  Restraint  Pill

Qi  Stagnation
BAN  XIA  HOU  PO  TANG Pinellia  and  Magnolia  Bark  Decoction
Regulate  the  Qi
SU  ZI  JIANG  QI  TANG Perilla  Fruit  Decoction  for  Directing  Qi  Downward
Rebellious  Qi
JU  PI  ZHU  RU  TANG Tangerine  Peel  and  Bamboo  Shavings  Decoction

TAO  HE  CHENG  QI  TANG Peach  Pit  Decoction  to  Order  the  Qi

Blood  Stasis XUE  FU  ZHU  YU  TANG Drive  Out  Stasis  in  the  Mansion  of  Blood  Decoction

DAN  SHEN  YIN Salvia  Drink

Invigorate  the  Blood
WEN  JING  TANG Warm  the  Menses  Decoction

Womb  Blood  Stasis SHENG  HUA  TANG Generating  and  Transforming  Decoction

GUI  ZHI  FU  LING  WAN Cinnamon  Twig  and  Poria  Pill

Heat  HUAI  HUA  SAN Sophora  Japonica  Flower  Powder

Stop  Bleeding
Deficiency JIAO  AI  TANG Ass‐Hide  Gelatin  and  Mugwort  Decoction

SUAN  ZAO  REN  TANG Sour  Jujube  Decoction

Calm  the  Spirit Heart  Deficiency HUANG  LIAN  E  JIAO  TANG Coptis  and  Ass‐Hide  Gelatin  Decoction

GAN  MAI  DA  ZAO  TANG Licorice,  Wheat,  and  Jujube  Decoction

XIAO  FENG  SAN Eliminate  Wind  Powder

External  Wind
XIAO  HUO  LUO  DAN Minor  Invigorate  the  Collaterals  Special  Pill
Expel  Wind
ZHEN  GAN  XI  FENG  TANG Sedate  the  Liver  and  Extinguish  Wind  Decoction
Internal  Wind
TIAN  MA  GOU  TENG  YIN Gastrodia  and  Uncaria  Decoction

Reduce  Food  Retention Food  Retention BAO  HE  WAN Preserve  Harmony  Pill

YU  PING  FENG  SAN Jade  Windscreen  Powder

Exterior  Leakage
DANG  GUI  LIU  HUANG  TANG Tangkuei  and  Six‐Yellow  Decoction

Intestine  Leakage SI  SHEN  WAN Four‐Miracle  Pill

Stabilize  and  Bind
Essence  Leakage JIN  SUO  GU  JING  WAN Metal  Lock  Pill  to  Stabilize  the  Essence

GU  JING  WAN Stabilize  the  Menses  Pill

Womb  Leakage
WAN  DAI  TANG End  Discharge  Decoction

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 3

 CA FORMULA LIST ALPHABETICAL

PINYIN CN/KR ENGLISH CATEGORY

1 BA  ZHEN  TANG 八珍湯(팔진탕) Eight‐Treasure  Decoction Tonify

2 BA  ZHENG  SAN 八正散(팔정산) Eight‐Herb  Powder  for  Rectification Expel  Dampness

3 BAI  HU  GU  JIN  TANG 百合固金湯(백합고금탕) Lily  Bulb  Decoction  to  Preserve  the  Metal Treat  Dryness

4 BAI  HU  TANG 白虎湯(백호탕) White  Tiger  Decoction Clear  Heat

5 BAI  TOU  WENG  TANG 白頭翁湯(백두옹탕) Pulsatilla  Decoction Clear  Heat

6 BAN  XIA  BAI  ZHU  TIAN  MA  TANG 半夏白朮天麻湯(반하백출천마탕) Pinellia,  Atractylodis  Macrocephalae,  and  Gastrodia  Decoction Treat  Phlegm

7 BAN  XIA  HOU  PO  TANG 半夏厚朴湯(반하후박탕) Pinellia  and  Magnolia  Bark  Decoction Regulate  the  Qi

8 BAN  XIA  XIE  XIN  TANG 半夏瀉心湯(반하사심탕) Pinellia  Decoction  to  Drain  the  Epigastrium Harmonize

9 BAO  HE  WAN 保和丸(보화환) Preserve  Harmony  Pill Reduce  Food  Retention

10 BEI  MU  GUA  LOU  SAN 貝母瓜蔞散(패모과루산) Fritillaria  and  Trichosanthes  Fruit  Powder Treat  Phlegm

11 BU  ZHONG  YI  QI  TANG 補中益氣湯(보중익기탕) Tonify  the  Middle  and  Augment  the  Qi  Decoction Tonify

12 CHAI  GE  JIE  JI  TANG 柴葛解氣湯(시갈해기탕) Bupleurum  and  Kudzu  Decoction  to  Release  the  Muscle  Layer Release  the  Exterior

13 DA  CHENG  QI  TANG 大承氣湯(대승기탕) Major  Order  the  Qi  Decoction Drain  Downward

14 DA  JIAN  ZHONG  TANG 大健中湯(대건중탕) Major  Construct  the  Middle  Decoction Warm  Interior  Cold

15 DAN  SHEN  YIN 丹蔘飮(단삼음) Salvia  Drink Invigorate  the  Blood

16 DANG  GUI  BU  XUE  TANG 當歸補血湯(당귀보혈탕) Tangkuei  Decoction  to  Tonify  the  Blood Tonify

17 DANG  GUI  LIU  HUANG  TANG 當歸六黃湯(당귀육황탕) Tangkuei  and  Six‐Yellow  Decoction Stabilize  and  Bind

18 DAO  CHI  SAN 導赤散(도적산) Guide  Out  the  Red  Powder Clear  Heat

19 ER  CHEN  TANG 二陳湯(이진탕) Two‐Cured  Decoction Treat  Phlegm

20 GAN  MAI  DA  ZAO  TANG 甘麥大棗湯(감맥대조탕) Licorice,  Wheat,  and  Jujube  Decoction Calm  the  Spirit

21 GU  JING  WAN 固經丸(고경환) Stabilize  the  Menses  Pill Stabilize  and  Bind

22 GUI  PI  TANG 歸脾湯(귀비탕) Restore  the  Spleen  Decoction Tonify

23 GUI  ZHI  FU  LING  WAN 桂枝茯苓丸(계지복령환) Cinnamon  Twig  and  Poria  Pill Invigorate  the  Blood

24 GUI  ZHI  TANG 桂枝湯(계지탕) Cinnamon  Twig  Decoction Release  the  Exterior

25 HUAI  HUA  SAN 槐花散(괴화산) Sophora  Japonica  Flower  Powder Stop  Bleeding

26 HUANG  LIAN  E  JIAO  TANG 黃連阿膠湯(황련아교탕) Coptis  and  Ass‐Hide  Gelatin  Decoction Calm  the  Spirit

27 HUANG  LIAN  JIE  DU  TANG 黃連解毒湯(황련해독탕) Coptis  Decoction  to  Relieve  Toxicity Clear  Heat

28 HUO  XIANG  ZHENG  QI  SAN 藿香正氣散(곽향정기산) Agastache  Powder  to  Rectify  the  Qi Expel  Dampness

29 JIAO  AI  TANG 膠艾湯(교애탕) Ass‐Hide  Gelatin  and  Mugwort  Decoction Stop  Bleeding

30 JIN  GUI  SHEN  QI  WAN 金櫃腎氣丸(금궤신기환) Kidney  Qi  Pill  from  the  Golden  Cabinet Tonify

31 JIN  SUO  GU  JING  WAN 金鎖固精丸(금쇄고정환) Metal  Lock  Pill  to  Stabilize  the  Essence Stabilize  and  Bind

32 JU  PI  ZHU  RU  TANG 橘皮竹茹湯(귤피죽여탕) Tangerine  Peel  and  Bamboo  Shavings  Decoction Regulate  the  Qi

33 JUAN  BI  TANG 蠲痺湯(견비탕) Remove  Painful  Obstruction  Decoction Expel  Dampness

34 LI  ZHONG  WAN 理中湯(이중탕) Regulate  the  Middle  Pill Warm  Interior  Cold

35 LIU  WEI  DI  HUANG  WAN 六味地黃丸(육미지황환) Six‐Ingredient  Pill  with  Rehmannia Tonify

36 LONG  DAN  XIE  GAN  TANG 龍膽瀉肝湯(용담사간탕) Gentiana  Decoction  to  Drain  the  Liver Clear  Heat

37 MA  ZI  REN  WAN 麻子仁丸(마자인환) Hemp  Seed  Pill Drain  Downward

38 MAI  MEN  DONG  TANG 麥門冬湯(맥문동탕) Ophiopogonis  Decoction Treat  Dryness

39 PING  WEI  SAN 平胃散(평위산) Calm  the  Stomach  Powder Expel  Dampness

40 QING  HAO  BIE  JIA  TANG 靑蒿鱉甲湯(청호별갑탕) Artemisia  Annua  and  Soft‐shelled  Turtle  Shell  Decoction Clear  Heat

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 4

 41 QING  QI  HUA  TAN  WAN 淸氣化痰丸(청기화담환) Clear  the  Qi  and  Transform  Phlegm  Pill Treat  Phlegm

42 QING  WEI  SAN 淸胃散(청위산) Clear  the  Stomach  Powder Clear  Heat

43 REN  SHEN  BAI  DU  SAN 人蔘敗毒散(인삼패독산) Ginseng  Powder  to  Overcome  Pathogenic  Influences Release  the  Exterior

44 RUN  CHANG  WAN 潤腸丸(윤장환) Moisten  the  Intestines  Pill Drain  Downward

45 SANG  JU  YIN 桑菊飮(상국음) Mulberry  Leaf  and  Chrysanthemum  Decoction Release  the  Exterior

46 SHEN  LING  BAI  ZHU  SAN 參苓白朮散(삼령백출산) Ginseng,  Poria,  and  White  Atractylodes  Powder Tonify

47 SHENG  HUA  TANG 生化湯(생화탕) Generating  and  Transforming  Decoction Invigorate  the  Blood

48 SHENG  MAI  SAN 生脈散(생맥산) Generate  the  Pulse  Powder Tonify

49 SHI  QUAN  DA  BU  TANG 十全大補湯(십전대보탕) All‐Inclusive  Great  Tonifying  Decoction Tonify

50 SI  JUN  ZI  TANG 四君子湯(사군자탕) Four‐Gentlemen  Decoction Tonify

51 SI  NI  SAN 四逆散(사역산) Frigid  Extremities  Powder Harmonize

52 SI  NI  TANG 四逆湯(사역탕) Frigid  Extremities  Decoction Warm  Interior  Cold

53 SI  SHEN  WAN 四神丸(사신환) Four‐Miracle  Pill Stabilize  and  Bind

54 SI  WU  TANG 四物湯(사물탕) Four‐Substances  Decoction Tonify

55 SU  ZI  JIANG  QI  TANG 蘇子降氣湯(소자강기탕) Perilla  Fruit  Decoction  for  Directing  Qi  Downward Regulate  the  Qi

56 SUAN  ZAO  REN  TANG 酸棗仁湯(산조인탕) Sour  Jujube  Decoction Calm  the  Spirit

57 TAO  HE  CHENG  QI  TANG 桃核承氣湯(도핵승기탕) Peach  Pit  Decoction  to  Order  the  Qi Invigorate  the  Blood

58 TIAN  MA  GOU  TENG  YIN 天麻鉤藤飮(천마구등음) Gastrodia  and  Uncaria  Decoction Expel  Wind

59 TIAO  WEI  CHENG  QI  TANG 調胃承氣湯(조위승기탕) Regulate  the  Stomach  and  Order  the  Qi  Decoction Drain  Downward

60 WAN  DAI  TANG 完帶湯(완대탕) End  Discharge  Decoction Stabilize  and  Bind

61 WEN  DAN  TANG 溫膽湯(이진탕) Warm  the  Gallbladder  Decoction Treat  Phlegm

62 WEN  JING  TANG 溫經湯(온경탕) Warm  the  Menses  Decoction Invigorate  the  Blood

63 WU  LING  SAN 五苓散(오령산) Five‐Ingredient  Powder  with  Poria Expel  Dampness

64 WU  PI  SAN 五皮散(오피산) Five‐Peel  Powder Expel  Dampness

65 WU  ZHU  YU  TANG 吳茱萸湯(오수유탕) Evodia  Decoction Warm  Interior  Cold

66 XIAO  CHAI  HU  TANG 小柴胡湯(소시호탕) Minor  Bupleurum  Decoction Harmonize

67 XIAO  CHENG  QI  TANG 小承氣湯(소승기탕) Minor  Order  the  Qi  Decoction Drain  Downward

68 XIAO  FENG  SAN 消風散(소풍산) Eliminate  Wind  Powder Expel  Wind

69 XIAO  HUO  LUO  DAN 小活絡丹(소활락단) Minor  Invigorate  the  Collaterals  Special  Pill Expel  Wind

70 XIAO  JIAN  ZHONG  TANG 小健中湯(소건중탕) Minor  Construct  the  Middle  Decoction Warm  Interior  Cold

71 XIAO  YAO  SAN 逍遙散(소요산) Rambling  Powder Harmonize

72 XIE  XIN  TANG 瀉心湯(사심탕) Drain  the  Epigastrium  Decoction Clear  Heat

73 XING  SU  SAN 杏蘇散(행소산) Apricot  Kernel  and  Perilla  Leaf  Powder Treat  Dryness

74 XUE  FU  ZHU  YU  TANG 血府逐瘀湯(혈부축어탕) Drive  Out  Stasis  in  the  Mansion  of  Blood  Decoction Invigorate  the  Blood

75 YIN  QIAO  SAN 銀翹散(은교산) Honeysuckle  and  Forsythia  Powder Release  the  Exterior

76 YOU  GUI  WAN 右歸丸(우귀환) Restore  the  Right  Kidney  Pill Tonify

77 YU  PING  FENG  SAN 玉屛風散(옥병풍산) Jade  Windscreen  Powder Stabilize  and  Bind

78 YUE  JU  WAN 越鞠丸(월국환) Escape  Restraint  Pill Regulate  the  Qi

79 ZHEN  GAN  XI  FENG  TANG 鎭肝熄風湯(진간식풍탕) Sedate  the  Liver  and  Extinguish  Wind  Decoction Expel  Wind

80 ZHEN  WU  TANG 眞武湯(진무탕) True  Warrior  Decoction Expel  Dampness

81 ZHI  SOU  SAN 止嗽散(지수산) Stop  Coughing  Powder Treat  Phlegm

82 ZHU  LING  TANG 豬苓湯(저령탕) Polyporus  Decoction Expel  Dampness

83 ZUO  GUI  WAN 左歸丸(좌귀환) Restore  the  Left  Kidney  Pill Tonify

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 5

 CA FORMULA LIST HIERARCHY

FORMULA HIERARCHY:    Ⓚing    Ⓓeputy    Ⓐssistance    Ⓔnvoy

1 GUI  ZHI  TANG Ⓚ Guizhi    Ⓓ Baishao    Ⓐ Shengjiang,  Dazao    Ⓔ Zhigancao

2 SANG  JU  YIN Ⓚ Sangye,  Juhua    Ⓓ Lianqiao,  Bohe,  Jiegeng,  Xingren    Ⓐ Lugen    Ⓔ Gancao

3 YIN  QIAO  SAN Ⓚ Jinyinhua,  Lianqiao    Ⓓ Jiegeng,  Niubangzi,  Bohe,  Dandouchi    Ⓐ Jingjie,  Danzhuye,  Lugen,  Gancao 

4 CHAI  GE  JIE  JI  TANG Ⓚ Chaihu,  Gegen    Ⓓ Qianghuo,  Baizhi,  Huangqin,  Shigao    Ⓐ Jiegeng,  Baishao    Ⓔ Gancao,  Shengjiang,  Dazao 

5 REN  SHEN  BAI  DU  SAN Ⓚ Qianghuo,  Duhuo    Ⓓ Chuanxiong,  Chaihu,  Bohe    Ⓐ Jiegeng,  Zhike,  Qianhu,  Shengjiang    Ⓔ Renshen,  Fuling,  Gancao 

6 BAI  HU  TANG Ⓚ Shigao    Ⓓ Zhimu    Ⓐ Zhigancao    Ⓔ Gengmi 

7 HUANG  LIAN  JIE  DU  TANG Ⓚ Huanglian    Ⓓ Huangqin    Ⓐ Huangbai,  Zhizi 

8 XIE  XIN  TANG Ⓚ Dahuang    Ⓓ Huangqin,  Huanglian 

9 DAO  CHI  SAN Ⓚ Shengdi    Ⓓ Mutong    Ⓐ Danzhuye    Ⓔ Gancao 

10 LONG  DAN  XIE  GAN  TANG Ⓚ Longdancao    Ⓓ Huangqin,  Zhizi,  Chaihu    Ⓐ Mutong,  Cheqianzi,  Zexie,  Shengdi,  Danggui    Ⓔ Gancao 

11 QING  WEI  SAN Ⓚ Huanglian    Ⓓ Shengma    Ⓐ Mudanpi,  Shengdi,  Danggui   

12 BAI  TOU  WENG  TANG Ⓚ Baitouweng    Ⓓ Huanglian,  Huangbai    Ⓐ Qinpi 

13 QING  HAO  BIE  JIA  TANG Ⓚ Biejia,  Qinghao    Ⓓ Shengdi,  Zhimu    Ⓐ Mudanpi 

14 DA  CHENG  QI  TANG Ⓚ Dahuang    Ⓓ Mangxiao    Ⓐ Houpo,  Zhishi 

15 XIAO  CHENG  QI  TANG Ⓚ Dahuang    Ⓓ Houpo,  Zhishi

16 TIAO  WEI  CHENG  QI  TANG Ⓚ Dahuang    Ⓓ Mangxiao    Ⓐ Gancao 

17 MA  ZI  REN  WAN Ⓚ Huomaren    Ⓓ Xingren,  Baishao    Ⓐ Dahuang,  Houpo,  Zhishi   

18 RUN  CHANG  WAN Ⓚ Huomaren,  Taoren    Ⓓ Danggui,  Shengdi    Ⓐ Zhike

19 XIAO  CHAI  HU  TANG Ⓚ Chaihu    Ⓓ Huangqin    Ⓐ Banxia,  Shengjiang,  Renshen,  Zhigancao,  Dazao 

20 SI  NI  SAN Ⓚ Chaihu    Ⓓ Zhishi    Ⓐ Baishao    Ⓔ Zhigancao 

21 XIAO  YAO  SAN Ⓚ Chaihu    Ⓓ Danggui,  Baishao    Ⓐ Baizhu,  Fuling,  Zhigancao    Ⓔ Weijiang,  Bohe

22 BAN  XIA  XIE  XIN  TANG Ⓚ Banxia    Ⓓ Ganjiang,  Huangqin,  Huanglian    Ⓐ Renshen,  Dazao    Ⓔ Zhigancao 

23 PING  WEI  SAN Ⓚ Cangzhu    Ⓓ Houpo    Ⓐ Chenpi    Ⓔ Zhiganco,  Shengjiang,  Dazao 

24 HUO  XIANG  ZHENG  QI  SAN Ⓚ Huoxiang    Ⓓ Houpo,  Chenpi,  Zisuye,  Baizhi    Ⓐ Banxia,  Dafupi,  Baizhu,  Fuling,  Jiegeng    Ⓔ zhigancao

25 BA  ZHENG  SAN Ⓚ Mutong    Ⓓ Huashi,  Cheqianzi,  Qumai,  Bianxu    Ⓐ Zhizi,  Zhidahuang    Ⓔ Dengxincao,  Gancao 

26 WU  LING  SAN Ⓚ Zexie    Ⓓ Fuling,  Zhuling    Ⓐ Baizhu,  Guizhi

27 ZHU  LING  TANG Ⓚ Zhuling,  Fuling    Ⓓ Zexie    Ⓐ Huashi    Ⓔ Ejiao 

28 WU  PI  SAN Ⓚ Fulingpi    Ⓓ Shengjiangpi,  Sangbaipi,  Dafupi    Ⓐ Chenpi

29 ZHEN  WU  TANG Ⓚ Fuzi    Ⓓ Baizhu,  Fuling    Ⓐ Shengjiang,  Baishao 

30 JUAN  BI  TANG Ⓚ Qianghuo,  Fangfeng    Ⓓ Chishao,  Jianghuang    Ⓐ Huangqi,  Danggui    Ⓔ Zhigancao,  Shengjiang 

31 XING  SU  SAN Ⓚ Xingren,  Zisuye    Ⓓ Qianhu,  Jiegeng,  Zhike    Ⓐ Banxia,  Chenpi,  Fuling    Ⓔ Shengjiang,  Dazao,  Gancao 

32 BAI  HU  GU  JIN  TANG Ⓚ Baihe,  Shengdi,  Shudi    Ⓓ Maimendong,  Xuanshen    Ⓐ Chuanbeimu,  Jiegeng,  Danggui,  Baishao    Ⓔ Gancao 

33 MAI  MEN  DONG  TANG Ⓚ Maimendong    Ⓓ Renshen    Ⓐ Gengmi,  Dazao,  Gancao,  Banxia   

34 LI  ZHONG  WAN Ⓚ Ganjiang    Ⓓ Renshen    Ⓐ Baizhu    Ⓔ Zhigancao 

35 WU  ZHU  YU  TANG Ⓚ Wuzhuyu    Ⓓ Shengjiang    Ⓐ Renshen    Ⓔ Dazao 

36 XIAO  JIAN  ZHONG  TANG Ⓚ Yitang,  Guizhi    Ⓓ Baishao    Ⓐ Zhigancao    Ⓔ Shengjiang,  Dazao 

37 DA  JIAN  ZHONG  TANG Ⓚ Chuanjiao    Ⓓ Ganjiang    Ⓐ Renshen,  Yitang 

38 SI  NI  TANG Ⓚ Fuzi    Ⓓ Ganjiang    Ⓐ Zhigancao   

39 SI  JUN  ZI  TANG Ⓚ Renshen    Ⓓ Baizhu    Ⓐ Fuling    Ⓔ Zhigancao 

40 SHEN  LING  BAI  ZHU  SAN Ⓚ Renshen,  Baizhu,  Fuling,  Zhigancao    Ⓓ Shanyao,  Yiyiren,  Baibiandou,  Lianzi    Ⓐ Sharen    Ⓔ Jiegeng 

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 6

 41 BU  ZHONG  YI  QI  TANG Ⓚ Huangqi    Ⓓ Renshen,  Baizhu,  Zhigancao    Ⓐ Danggui,  Chenpi    Ⓔ Shengma,  Chaihu 

42 SHENG  MAI  SAN Ⓚ Renshen    Ⓓ Maimendong    Ⓐ Wuweizi 

43 SI  WU  TANG Ⓚ Shudi    Ⓓ Danggui,  Baishao    Ⓐ Chuanxiong 

44 DANG  GUI  BU  XUE  TANG Ⓚ Huangqi    Ⓓ Danggui

45 GUI  PI  TANG Ⓚ Renshen,  Huangqi,  Baizhu,  Zhigancao  Ⓓ Danggui,  Longyanrou,  Suanzaoren,  Yuanzhi    Ⓐ Fushen,  Muxiang    Ⓔ Shengjiang,  Dazao 

46 BA  ZHEN  TANG Ⓚ Renshen,  Shudi    Ⓓ Baizhu,  Fuling,  Baishao,  Danggui    Ⓐ Chuanxiong,  Zhigancao    Ⓔ Shengjiang,  Dazao 

47 SHI  QUAN  DA  BU  TANG Ⓚ Renshen,  Shudi    Ⓓ Baizhu,  Fuling,  Zhigancao,  Baishao,  Danggui,  Chuanxiong    Ⓐ Rougui,  Huangqi    Ⓔ Shengjiang,  Dazao 

48 LIU  WEI  DI  HUANG  WAN Ⓚ Shudi    Ⓓ Shanzhuyu,  Shanyao    Ⓐ Fuling,  Mudanpi,  Zexie 

49 ZUO  GUI  WAN Ⓚ Shudi,  Gouqizi,  Shanzhuyu    Ⓓ Guibanjiao,  Lujiaojiao    Ⓐ Tusizi,  Chuanniuxi,  Shanyao 

50 JIN  GUI  SHEN  QI  WAN Ⓚ Shengdi    Ⓓ Shanzhuyu,  Shanyao,  Fuzi,  Guizhi    Ⓐ Fuling,  Mudanpi,  Zexie 

51 YOU  GUI  WAN Ⓚ Fuzi,  Rougui,  Lujiaojiao    Ⓓ Shudi,  Shanzhuyu,  Shanyao,  Gouqizi,  Tusizi,  Duzhong    Ⓐ Danggui 

52 ER  CHEN  TANG Ⓚ Banxia,  Juhong    Ⓓ Fuling    Ⓐ Zhigancao    Ⓔ Shengjiang,  Wumei 

53 WEN  DAN  TANG Ⓚ Zhuru    Ⓓ Zhishi    Ⓐ Banxia,  Chenpi,  Fuling,  Gancao    Ⓔ Shengjiang,  Dazao 

54 QING  QI  HUA  TAN  WAN Ⓚ Dannanxing    Ⓓ Huangqin,  Gualouren    Ⓐ Zhishi,  Chenpi,  Fuling,  Banxia,  Xingren 

55 BEI  MU  GUA  LOU  SAN Ⓚ Chuanbeimu    Ⓓ Gualou    Ⓐ Tianhuafen,  Fuling,  Juhong,  Jiegeng 

56 BAN  XIA  BAI  ZHU  TIAN  MA  T. Ⓚ Banxia,  Tianma    Ⓓ Baizhu    Ⓐ Juhong,  Fuling,  Shengjiang,  Dazao    Ⓔ Gancao 

57 ZHI  SOU  SAN Ⓚ Ziwan,  Baiqian,  Baibu    Ⓓ Jiegeng,  Chenpi    Ⓐ Jingjie    Ⓔ Gancao 

58 YUE  JU  WAN Ⓚ Xiangfu    Ⓓ Chuanxiong,  Cangzhu,  Zhizi,  Shenqu

59 BAN  XIA  HOU  PO  TANG Ⓚ Banxia    Ⓓ Houpo,  Fuling    Ⓐ Shengjiang    Ⓔ Zisuye 

60 SU  ZI  JIANG  QI  TANG Ⓚ Zisuzi    Ⓓ Banxia,  Houpo,  Qianhu    Ⓐ Rougui,  Danggui    Ⓔ Shengjiang,  Zisuye,  Dazao,  Zhigancao 

61 JU  PI  ZHU  RU  TANG Ⓚ Chenpi,  Zhuru    Ⓓ Renshen,  Shengjiang    Ⓐ Gancao,  Dazao   

62 TAO  HE  CHENG  QI  TANG Ⓚ Taoren,  Dahuang    Ⓓ Guizhi    Ⓐ Mangxiao    Ⓔ Zhigancao

63 XUE  FU  ZHU  YU  TANG Ⓚ Taoren,  Honghua,  Chuanxiong    Ⓓ Danggui,  Chishao,  Chuanniuxi    Ⓐ Shengdi,  Chaihu,  Jiegeng,  Zhike  Ⓔ Gancao 

64 DAN  SHEN  YIN Ⓚ Danshen    Ⓓ Tanxiang    Ⓐ Sharen 

65 WEN  JING  TANG Ⓚ Whuzuyu,  Guizhi    Ⓓ Danggui,  Chuanxiong,  Baishao,  Ejiao,  Maidong    Ⓐ Mudanpi,  Renshen,  Shengjiang,  Banxia    Ⓔ Gancao 

66 SHENG  HUA  TANG Ⓚ Danggui    Ⓓ Chuanxiong,  Taoren    Ⓐ Paojiang    Ⓔ Zhigancao,  Yellow‐wine 

67 GUI  ZHI  FU  LING  WAN Ⓚ Guizhi,  Fuling    Ⓓ Shaoyao    Ⓐ Mudanpi,  Taoren    Ⓔ Fengmi 

68 HUAI  HUA  SAN Ⓚ Huaihua    Ⓓ Cebaiye,  Jingjie    Ⓐ Zhike

69 JIAO  AI  TANG Ⓚ Ejiao,  Aiye    Ⓓ Shengdi,  Danggui,  Chuanxiong,  Baishao    Ⓐ Gancao 

70 SUAN  ZAO  REN  TANG Ⓚ Suanzaoren    Ⓓ Chuanxiong    Ⓐ Fuling,  Zhimu    Ⓔ Gancao 

71 HUANG  LIAN  E  JIAO  TANG Ⓚ Huanglian,  Huangqin,  Ejiao    Ⓓ Jizihuang    Ⓐ Baishao 

72 GAN  MAI  DA  ZAO  TANG Ⓚ Fuxiaomai    Ⓓ Gancao,  Dazao 

73 XIAO  FENG  SAN Ⓚ Jingjie,  Fangfeng,  Niubangzi,  Chantui    Ⓓ Cangzhu,  Kushen,  Mutong,  Shigao,  Zhimu    Ⓐ Shengdi,  Danggui,  Heizhima    Ⓔ Gancao 

74 XIAO  HUO  LUO  DAN Ⓚ Caowu,  Chuanwu    Ⓓ Tiannanxing    Ⓐ Moyao,  Ruxiang,  Dilong 

75 ZHEN  GAN  XI  FENG  TANG Ⓚ Huainiuxi    Ⓓ Daizheshi,  Longgu,  Muli    Ⓐ Guiban,  Xuanshen,  Tiandong,  Baishao,  Yinchen,  Chuanlianzi,  Maiya    Ⓔ Gancao 

76 TIAN  MA  GOU  TENG  YIN Ⓚ Tianma,  Gouteng,  Shijueming    Ⓓ Zhizi,  Huangqin    Ⓐ Yimucao,  Chuanniuxi,  Duzhong,  Sangjisheng,  Yejiaoteng,  Fushen 

77 BAO  HE  WAN Ⓚ Shanzha    Ⓓ Shenqu,  Laifuzi    Ⓐ Banxia,  Chenpi,  Fuling,  Lianqiao 

78 YU  PING  FENG  SAN Ⓚ Huangqi    Ⓓ Baizhu    Ⓐ Fangfeng 

79 DANG  GUI  LIU  HUANG  TANG Ⓚ Danggui,  Shengdihuang,  Shudihuang    Ⓓ Huanglian,  Huangqin,  Huangbai    Ⓐ Huangqi

80 SI  SHEN  WAN Ⓚ Buguzhi    Ⓓ Roudoukou    Ⓐ Wuzhuyu,  Wuweizi    Ⓔ Shengjiang,  Dazao 

81 JIN  SUO  GU  JING  WAN Ⓚ Shayuanzi    Ⓓ Lianzi,  Qianshi    Ⓐ Longgu,  Muli,  Lianxu 

82 GU  JING  WAN Ⓚ Guiban,  Baishao    Ⓓ Huangqin,  Huangbai    Ⓐ Xiangfu,  Chunpi

83 WAN  DAI  TANG Ⓚ Baizhu,  Shanyao,  Renshen    Ⓓ Cangzhu,  Chenpi,  Cheqianzi    Ⓐ Chaihu,  Baishao,  Jingjie    Ⓔ Gancao

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 7

 OMITTED FORMULAS / ADDED FORMULAS

OMITTED FORMULAS
PINYIN ENGLISH FROM  CATEGORY  OF FORMULA  CONTAINS
MA  HUANG  TANG Ephedra  Decoction Release  Exterior
GE  GEN  TANG Kudzu  Decoction Release  Exterior
MA  HUANG  (Ephedrae)
MA  XING  SHI  GAN  TANG Ephedra,  Apricot  Kernel,  Gypsum  &  Licorice  Decoction Clear  Heat
DING  CHUAN  TANG Arrest  Wheezing  Decoction Regulate  Qi
DU  HUO  JI  SHENG  TANG Angelica  Pubescens  &  Sangjisheng  Decoction Expel  Damp XI  XIN  (Asari)
TIAN  WANG  BU  XIN  DAN Emperor  of  Heaven’s  Special  Pill  to  Tonify  Heart Calm  Shen ZHU  SHA  (Cinnabaris) 

ADDED FORMULAS
PINYIN CN/KR ENGLISH CATEGORY
1 BA  ZHEN  TANG 八珍湯(팔진탕) Eight‐Treasure  Decoction Tonify

2 BAI  HU  GU  JIN  TANG 百合固金湯(백합고금탕) Lily  Bulb  Decoction  to  Preserve  the  Metal Treat  Dryness
3 BAI  TOU  WENG  TANG 白頭翁湯(백두옹탕) Pulsatilla  Decoction Clear  Heat

4 DAN  SHEN  YIN 丹蔘飮(단삼음) Salvia  Drink Invigorate  the  Blood

5 DANG  GUI  BU  XUE  TANG 當歸補血湯(당귀보혈탕) Tangkuei  Decoction  to  Tonify  the  Blood Tonify

6 DANG  GUI  LIU  HUANG  TANG 當歸六黃湯(당귀육황탕) Tangkuei  and  Six‐Yellow  Decoction Stabilize  and  Bind
7 DAO  CHI  SAN 導赤散(도적산) Guide  Out  the  Red  Powder Clear  Heat

8 HUAI  HUA  SAN 槐花散(괴화산) Sophora  Japonica  Flower  Powder Stop  Bleeding
9 HUANG  LIAN  E  JIAO  TANG 黃連阿膠湯(황련아교탕) Coptis  and  Ass‐Hide  Gelatin  Decoction Calm  the  Spirit

10 JIAO  AI  TANG 膠艾湯(교애탕) Ass‐Hide  Gelatin  and  Mugwort  Decoction Stop  Bleeding
11 JIN  SUO  GU  JING  WAN 金鎖固精丸(금쇄고정환) Metal  Lock  Pill  to  Stabilize  the  Essence Stabilize  and  Bind

12 JUAN  BI  TANG 蠲痺湯(견비탕) Remove  Painful  Obstruction  Decoction Expel  Dampness
13 MA  ZI  REN  WAN 麻子仁丸(마자인환) Hemp  Seed  Pill Drain  Downward

14 MAI  MEN  DONG  TANG 麥門冬湯(맥문동탕) Ophiopogonis  Decoction Treat  Dryness

15 QING  QI  HUA  TAN  WAN 淸氣化痰丸(청기화담환) Clear  the  Qi  and  Transform  Phlegm  Pill Treat  Phlegm

16 QING  WEI  SAN 淸胃散(청위산) Clear  the  Stomach  Powder Clear  Heat
17 RUN  CHANG  WAN 潤腸丸(윤장환) Moisten  the  Intestines  Pill Drain  Downward

18 SHEN  LING  BAI  ZHU  SAN 參苓白朮散(삼령백출산) Ginseng,  Poria,  and  White  Atractylodes  Powder Tonify
19 SHENG  HUA  TANG 生化湯(생화탕) Generating  and  Transforming  Decoction Invigorate  the  Blood
20 WAN  DAI  TANG 完帶湯(완대탕) End  Discharge  Decoction Stabilize  and  Bind
21 XIAO  JIAN  ZHONG  TANG 小健中湯(소건중탕) Minor  Construct  the  Middle  Decoction Warm  Interior  Cold

22 XIE  XIN  TANG 瀉心湯(사심탕) Drain  the  Epigastrium  Decoction Clear  Heat
23 XING  SU  SAN 杏蘇散(행소산) Apricot  Kernel  and  Perilla  Leaf  Powder Treat  Dryness

24 YOU  GUI  WAN 右歸丸(우귀환) Restore  the  Right  Kidney  Pill Tonify
25 ZHEN  GAN  XI  FENG  TANG 鎭肝熄風湯(진간식풍탕) Sedate  the  Liver  and  Extinguish  Wind  Decoction Expel  Wind

26 ZUO  GUI  WAN 左歸丸(좌귀환) Restore  the  Left  Kidney  Pill Tonify

63 – 6 + 26 = 83

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 8

 83 CA FORMULAS

1. RELEASE THE EXTERIOR

Gui  Zhi 9  Exterior  Wind‐Cold  of  deficiency  type:  Chills  and  fever,  chills  predominant,  chills  unrelieved 
GUI  ZHI  TANG Bai  Shao 9 by  sweating,  aversion  to  wind,  no  particular  thirst,  headache,  stiff  neck,  nasal  congestion, 
Sheng  Jiang 9 sneezing,  dry  heaves,  Ⓣ  normal  with  thin,  white,  moist  coat,  Ⓟ  floating,  moderate  or  weak 
cinnamon  decoction
Da  Zao 12p
Zhi  Gan  Cao 6
 Note:  Also  for  a  similar  presentation  in  patients  recovering  from  serious  illness  or 
Disperse  Wind‐Cold
postpartum. 

  Associated  Formulas Modifications Indications

Gui  Zhi  Jia  Shao  Yao  Tang ↑Bai  Shao →  abdominal  fullness
Gui  Zhi  Qu  Shao  Yao  Tang ‐  Bai  Shao →  chest  fullness
Gui  Zhi  Jia  Hou  Po  Xing  Zi  Tang* +  Hou  Po,  Xing  Ren →  wheezing
Gui  Zhi  Fu  Zi  Tang* +  Fu  Zi →  painful  obstruction
Gui  Zhi  Jia  Ge  Gen  Tang* +  Ge  Gen →  stiff  neck,  sweating

wind‐COLD  (excess) WIND‐cold  (deficiency)

No  sweating,  Ⓟ tight Sweating,  Ⓟ moderate
Ma  Huang  Tang* Ge  Gen  Tang* Gui  Zhi  Tang

Sang  Ye 7.5  Wind‐Heat  causing  cough:  Cough,  slight  fever,  slight  sore  throat,  slight  thirst,  sweating,         
SANG  JU  YIN Ju  Hua 3 Ⓣ normal  or  red  with  thin,  white  coat,  Ⓟ  floating  and  rapid 
Lian  Qiao 4.5  Wind‐Heat  causing  eye  disorders:  Also  used  for  eye  disorders,  such  as  acute  conjunctivitis, 
mulberry  leaf  and 
chrysanthemum  Bo  He 2.4
Jie  Geng 6
due  to  Wind‐Heat
decoction
Xing  Ren 6
Disperse  Wind‐Heat Lu  Gen 6
Gan  Cao    2.4

Sang  Ju  Yin Yin  Qiao  San

              1.  cough Wind‐Heat               1.  sore  throat

              2.  eye  infection               2.  boils,  measles

Jin  Yin  Hua 9‐15  Wind‐Heat  with  Heat‐Toxin:  Fever,  slight  or  no  chills,  sore  throat,  thirst,  cough,  headache,   
YIN  QIAO  SAN Lian  Qiao 9‐15 Ⓣ  normal  or  red‐tipped  with  thin  white  or  thin  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ  floating  and  rapid 
Jie  Geng 3‐6  Boils  and  Sores:  Stronger  than  Sang  Ju  Yin  for  releasing  the  exterior  and  clearing  Heat;  Used 
honeysuckle  and  Niu  Bang  Zi 9‐12
forsythia  powder Bo  He 3‐6
for  boils  and  sores
Disperse  Wind‐Heat Dan  Dou  Chi 3‐6
Jing  Jie 6‐9
Dan  Zhu  Ye 3‐6
Lu  Gen 15‐30
Gan  Cao 3‐6

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 9

 Chai  Hu 3‐9  Wind‐Cold  (Taiyang)  transforming  into  interior  Heat  (Yangming):  Increasing  fever  and 
CHAI  GE  JIE  JI  TANG Ge  Gen 6‐12 decreasing  chills  accompanied  by  headache,  stiffness  of  the  extremities,  orbital  and  eye  pain, 
Qiang  Huo 3‐6 dry  nasal  passages,  irritability,  insomnia,  Ⓣ  red  or  normal  with  thin  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ floating, 
bupleurum  and  kudzu  Bai  Zhi 3‐6
decoction  to  release  the  Huang  Qin 6‐9
slightly  surging  and  rapid 
muscle  layer
Shi  Gao 5‐15  Note:  Also  for  toothache  due  to  Wind‐Heat.
Disperse  Wind‐Heat Jie  Geng 3‐6
Bai  Shao 6‐9
Gan  Cao 3‐6
Sheng  Jiang 3‐6
Da  Zao 2‐3p

Gui  Zhi  Tang Chai  Ge  Jie  Ji  Tang

Expel  pathogens  from  the  muscle  layer
Pungent‐Warm  →  Harmonize  Ying/Wei Pungent‐Cool  →  Clear  Internal  Heat

Qiang  Huo 30  Wind‐Cold‐Damp  +  Interior  Qi  deficiency:  High  fever  and  severe  chills  with  shivering,  absence 
REN  SHEN  BAI  DU  Du  Huo 30 of  sweating,  pain  and  stiffness  of  the  head  and  neck,  soreness  and  pain  of  the  extremities, 
SAN Chuan  Xiong 30 nasal  congestion  with  sonorous  breathing,  focal  distention  and  fullness  of  the  chest, 
Chai  Hu 30
ginseng  powder  to Bo  He 6
productive  cough,  Ⓣ  normal  with  greasy  white  coat,  Ⓟ  floating,  soggy,  possibly  weak 
overcome  pathogenic  Jie  Geng 30  Note:  Originally  designed  for  dysentery  due  to  Wind‐Cold‐Damp  in  children. 
influences
Zhi  Ke 30
Exterior  Excess  +  Qian  Hu 30
Interior  Deficiency Sheng  Jiang 6
Ren  Shen 30
Fu  Ling 30
Gan  Cao 15

Associated  Formulas Modifications Indications

Yin  Qiao  Bai  Du  San* +  Jin  Yin  Hua,  Lian  Qiao Early‐stage  abscesses
Jing  Fang  Bai  Du  San ‐  Ren  Shen,  +  Jing  Jie,  Fang  Feng Wind‐Cold‐Damp

Exterior Interior Symptoms

Ren  Shen  Bai  Du  San W‐C‐D Qi  deficiency chills/fever,  bodyache
Huo  Xiang  Zheng  Qi  San W‐C Damp vomiting,  diarrhea

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 10

 2. CLEAR HEAT
BAI  HU  TANG
Shi  Gao 30  Excess  Heat  in  the  Qi  level  or  Yangming  channel  (Four  Big  Symptoms):  High  fever  with 
Zhi  Mu 9 aversion  to  heat  but  not  to  cold,  profuse  sweating,  a  red  face,  severe  thirst  and  desire  to 
white  tiger  decoction Zhi  Gan  Cao 3 drink  cold  beverages,  irritability,  incoherent  speech,  headache,  toothache,  bleeding  gums  or 
Geng  Mi 9‐15
Clear  Qi  Level  Heat nose,  Ⓣ  red  with  dry  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ  surging,  full  or  slippery,  rapid 
 Note:  In  Chinese  literature,  the  White  Tiger  is  a  symbol  of  the  direction  West,  which 
corresponds  metal.  The  property  of  metal  is  cool  to  engender  water,  the  same  as  Bai  Hu 
Tang. 

Associated  Formulas Modifications Indications

Bai  Hu  Jia  Ren  Shen  Tang +  Ren  Shen Generalize  weakness,  Ⓟ large,  weak
Bai  Hu  Jia  Cang  Zhu  Tang* +  Cang  Zhu Damp  painful  obstruction

Bai  Hu  Tang Da  Cheng  Qi  Tang

Yangming  Jing  (channel) Yangming  Fu  (organ)
High  fever,  profuse  sweating,  severe  thirst,  red  complexion,  Ⓣ red  Ⓟ full
Persistent  high  fever,  Ⓟ surging High‐grade  tidal  fever,  Ⓟ deep

HUANG  LIAN  JIE  DU 

Huang  Lian 9  Fire‐Toxin  from  excessive  Heat  in  the  Three  Jiaos:  High  fever,  irritability,  dry  mouth  and 
Huang  Qin 6 throat,  incoherent  speech,  dark  urine,  constipation,  insomnia,  hematemesis,  epistaxis, 
TANG
Huang  Bai 6 erythema  or  skin  purpura,  dysenteric  disorders  or  jaundice  due  to  Damp‐Heat,  carbuncles, 
coptis  decoction  to  Zhi  Zi 6‐12
relieve  toxicity boils  and  sores  due  to  Toxic‐Heat,  Ⓣ  red  with  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ  full,  rapid 
 Note:  Not  only  for  Toxic‐Heat,  also  for  Blood‐Heat  and  Damp‐Heat.
Clear  Toxic‐Heat

XIE  XIN  TANG

Da  Huang 6  Excess  Heat  in  the  Three  Jiaos:  Fever,  flushed  face,  red  eyes,  irritability,  dark  urine, 
Huang  Qin 3 constipation,  Ⓣ  red  with  greasy  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ  full,  rapid 
drain  the  epigastrium  Huang  Lian 3  HT  Fire  &  Damp‐Heat:  Also  for  HT  Fire  causing  hematemesis  or  epistaxis;  Damp‐Heat  causing 
decoction
jaundice
Clear  Toxic‐Heat

Sheng  Di  Huang  15‐30  Heat  in  the  HT  channel:  Irritability  with  a  sensation  of  heat  in  the  chest,  thirst  with  a 
DAO  CHI  SAN
Mu  Tong 3‐6 desire  to  drink  cold  beverages,  red  face,  possibly  sores  around  the  mouth,  Ⓣ  red,  Ⓟ  rapid 
guide  out  the  red  Dan  Zhu  Ye 3‐6  HT  Fire  transferring  to  the  SI:  Dark,  scanty,  rough  and  painful  urination,  or  even  blood  in 
powder Gan  Cao 3‐6
the  urine
Clear  Organ  Heat

Long  Dan  Cao 3‐9  LV  Fire  blazing  upward:  Headache,  dizziness,  red  and  sore  eyes,  short  temper,  dark  urine, 
LONG  DAN  XIE  GAN  Huang  Qin 6‐12 hypochondriac  pain,  bitter  taste  in  the  mouth,  Ⓣ  red  with  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ  wiry,  rapid 
TANG Zhi  Zi 6‐12  LV/GB  Damp‐Heat  invading  downward:  Also  for  LV/GB  Damp‐Heat  invading  downward  with 
Chai  Hu 3‐9
gentiana  longdancao  Mu  Tong 3‐6
symptoms  of  difficult  and  painful  urination  with  a  sensation  of  heat  in  the  urethra,  swollen 
decoction  to  drain  the  Che  Qian  Zi 9‐15 and  pruritic  external  genitalia,  or  foul  smelling  leukorrhea,  Ⓣ  red  with  greasy  yellow  coat, 
liver
Ze  Xie 6‐12 Ⓟ  slippery,  wiry,  rapid,  full 
Clear  Organ  Heat Sheng  Di  Huang 9‐15
Dang  Gui 6‐12
Gan  Cao 3‐6

Long  Dan  Xie  Gan  Tang Tian  Ma  Gou  Teng  Yin
1.  LV  Fire  ↑ LV2 1.  LV  Yang  Rising LV2
2.  LV/GB  Damp‐Heat  ↓ GB34 2.  LV  Wind LV3

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 11

 Huang  Lian 3‐6  ST  Heat  accumulation:  Toothache  that  extends  to  the  head,  facial  swelling,  bleeding  and 
QING  WEI  SAN Sheng  Ma 3‐6 sores  of  the  gums,  swollen  and  painful  mouth,  fever,  bad  breath,  Ⓣ  red,  Ⓟ  slippery,  rapid, 
Mu  Dan  Pi 6‐9 large 
clear  the  stomach 
Sheng  Di  Huang 6‐12
powder
Dang  Gui 6‐12
 Note:  Qing  Wei  San  clears  ST  Heat  and  cools  the  Blood.
Clear  Organ  Heat

Qing  Wei  San Xie  Huang  San*

↓  ST  Fire,  ↓  Blood‐Heat ↓  SP/ST  Smoldering  Fire
toothache,  bleeding  gums mouth  ulcers,  halitosis

BAI  TOU  WENG 

Bai  Tou  Weng 6  Dysentery  due  to  Toxic‐Heat  in  the  ST  &  intestine:  Abdominal  pain,  tenesmus,  burning 
Huang  Lian 9 sensation  around  the  anus,  diarrhea  containing  more  blood  than  pus,  thirst,  Ⓣ  red  with 
TANG
Huang  Bai 9 yellow  coat,  Ⓟ  wiry,  rapid 
pulsatilla  decoction Qin  Pi 9
 Note:  Also  for  acute  Damp‐Heat  eye  disorders.
Clear  Organ  Heat

Bai  Tou  Weng  Tang Shao  Yao  Tang*

Dysentery,  Ⓣ yellow  coating,  Ⓟ rapid   
Toxic‐Heat  in  the  ST  &  Intestine LI  Damp‐Heat  +  Qi/Blood  stagnation
Ⓣ red,  Ⓟ wiry Ⓣ greasy,  Ⓟ slippery

QING  HAO  BIE  JIA 

Bie  Jia 15  Yin  deficiency  with  Heat  in  the  Ying  level  during  later  stage  of  febrile  disease:  Night  fever 
Qing  Hao 6 and  morning  coolness  with  an  absence  of  sweating  as  the  fever  recedes,  emaciation  with 
TANG
Sheng  Di  Huang 12 no  loss  of  appetite,  Ⓣ  red  with  little  coat,  Ⓟ  thin,  rapid 
artemisia  annua  and  Zhi  Mu 6
soft‐shelled  turtle  shell  Mu  Dan  Pi 9
 Note:  Also  for  advanced  stages  of  various  infectious  diseases.
decoction
Clear  Deficiency‐Heat

Qing  Hao  Bie  Jia  Tang Liu  Wei  Di  Huang  Wan
Hidden  Heat Yin  deficiency KD  Yin  deficiency
        Ⓣ red,  little  coating
→  Vent  Heat         Ⓟ thin,  rapid →  Nourish  KD 

night  fever  &  morning  coolness lumbago,  hot  palms  and  soles

Qing  Hao  Bie  Jia  Tang Qin  Jiao  Bie  Jia  Tang* Qing  Gu  San*
Treat  Deficiency‐Heat  by  ↑Yin  +  ↓Heat 
↑Yin  =  ↓Heat ↑Blood  +  Expel  Wind ↓Heat  >  ↑Yin

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 12

 3. DRAIN DOWNWARD
Da  Huang 12  Yangming  Fu  syndrome  causing  severe  constipation:  Severe  constipation  and  flatulence,  focal 
DA  CHENG  QI  TANG Mang  Xiao 9‐12 distention  and  abdominal  fullness,  abdominal  pain  which  increases  upon  pressure,  tense  and 
Hou  Po 24 firm  abdomen;  possibly  tidal  fever,  delirious  speech,  profuse  sweating  of  the  palms  and 
major  order  the  qi  Zhi  Shi 12‐15
decoction
soles,  Ⓣ  dry  yellow  or  dry  black  coat,  with  prickles,  Ⓟ  deep,  full  pulse  (Shi/Zao/Pi/Man)
 Yangming  Fu  syndrome  causing  diarrhea:  Also  for  Yangming  organ  syndrome  causing  green, 
Purge  Heat  watery  diarrhea  with  abdominal  distension
Accumulation
 Excess  Internal  heat  causing  Heat  Collapse  (Re  Jue):  fever,  cold  hands  and  feet,  thirst, 
constipation,  disorientation,  mania 

SHI  實 Hardness Constipation,  abdominal  pain →  Da  Huang

ZAO 燥 Dryness Dry  stool,  firm/tense  abdomen →  Mang  Xiao
MAN  滿 Fullness Objective  distention  +  Pain →  Hou  Po
PI 痞 Distention Subjective  distension  +  No  Pain →  Zhi  Shi

XIAO  CHENG  QI 

Da  Huang 12  Mild  Yangming  organ  syndrome  causing  constipation:  Tidal  fever,  delirium,  constipation,  focal 
Hou  Po 6 distention,  abdominal  fullness,  abdominal  pain  that  does  not  increase  upon  pressure,               
TANG
Zhi  Shi 6‐9 Ⓣ  old‐looking  (dirty  and  dry),  yellow  coating,  Ⓟ  slippery,  rapid  (Shi/Pi/Man)
minor  order  the  qi 
decoction  Note:  Without  Mang  Xiao,  this  formula  is  geared  more  toward  abdominal  fullness  and  less 
toward  dryness.
Purge  Heat 
Accumulation

TIAO  WEI  CHENG  QI 

Da  Huang 12  Mild  Yangming  organ  syndrome  causing  mild  constipation:  Mild  constipation  without  focal 
Mang  Xiao 9‐12 distention  and  abdominal  fullness,  but  with  irritability,  fever  and  delirium;  also  for 
TANG
Zhi  Gan  Cao 6 nosebleed,  swollen  gums  and  throat,  petechiae,  Ⓣ  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ  slippery,  rapid  (Shi/Zao)
regulate  the  stomach 
and  order  the  qi 
decoction

Purge  Heat 
Accumulation CHENG  QI  TANG
Da  Cheng  Qi  Tang Xiao  Cheng  Qi  Tang Tiao  Wei  Cheng  Qi  Tang
 Shi  (hardness)  Shi  (hardness)  Shi  (hardness)
 Zao  (dryness)  Zao  (dryness)  Zao  (dryness)
 Man  (fullness)  Man  (fullness)  Man  (fullness)
 Pi  (distention)  Pi  (distention)  Pi  (distention)
constipation,  tidal  fever,  sweating,  Ⓣ red,  dry  yellow  coating  Ⓟ rapid 
Ⓣ dark  yellow,  black Ⓣ deep  yellow,  brown Ⓣ yellow
Ⓟ deep,  full Ⓟ slippery Ⓟ slippery

MA  ZI  REN  WAN

Huo  Ma  Ren 20  Intestinal  dryness  &  Heat  causing  constipation:  Hard  stool  that  is  difficult  to  expel,  frequent 
Xing  Ren 10 urination,  Ⓣ dry,  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ  deep,  rapid  or  floating,  choppy
hemp  seed  pill Bai  Shao 9  Note:  Requires  modification  for  very  weak  patients.
Da  Huang 12
Moisten  Intestine Hou  Po 9
Zhi  Shi 9
Honey Envoy

Ma  Zi  Ren  Wan Ji  Chuan  Jian*

Constipation
LI  Dryness  +  Heat Yang  deficiency

Huo  Ma  Ren 15  Desiccated  intestines:  Constipation,  lusterless  skin  and  nails,  parched  mouth  with  an 
RUN  CHANG  WAN Tao  Ren 9 unquenchable  thirst,  Ⓣ  dry,  Ⓟ  thin 
Dang  Gui 9  Note:  Both  Laxatives  (Ma  Zi  Ren  Wan  &  Run  Chang  Wan)  should  be  used  with  caution 
moisten  the  intestines  Sheng  Di  Huang 30
pill  from  master  shen's  Zhi  Ke 9
during  pregnancy.
book
Moisten  Intestine
Run  Chang  Wan Ma  Zi  Ren  Wan
Constipation
Blood  deficiency Body‐fluid  deficiency  +  Dry‐Heat  in  ST/LI

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 13

 4. HARMONIZE
Chai  Hu 24  Shaoyang  syndrome:  Alternating  chills  and  fever,  dry  throat,  bitter  or  sour  taste  in  the 
XIAO  CHAI  HU  TANG Huang  Qin 9 mouth,  dizziness,  irritability,  stifling  or  full  sensation  in  the  chest  and  hypochondria, 
Ban  Xia 24 heartburn,  nausea  and  vomiting,  reduced  appetite,  Ⓣ thin,  white  coat,    Ⓟ  wiry 
minor  bupleurum 
Sheng  Jiang 9
decoction
Ren  Shen 9
 Heat  attacking  into  the  blood  chamber  causing  Shaoyang  syndrome:  Invasion  of  external 
Harmonize  Shaoyang Zhi  Gan  Cao 9 pathogenic  heat  in  the  Uterus  during  menstruation  or  postpartum
Da  Zao 12p

Associated  Formulas Modifications Indications

Chai  Hu  Gui  Zhi  Tang* +  Gui  Zhi  Tang →  Taiyang  &  Shaoyang  syndrome
Chai  Hu  Si  Wu  Tang* +  Si  Wu  Tang →  +  Blood  deficiency  &  stasis
Chai  Ping  Tang* +  Ping  Wei  San →  +  SP  Damp

Ban  Xia  Xie  Xin  Tang Xiao  Chai  Hu  Tang

Ban  Xia,  Huang  Qin,  Ren  Shen,  Da  Zao,  Zhi  Gan  Cao
Gan  Jiang,  Huang  Lian Chai  Hu,  Sheng  Jiang
Pi  syndrome Shaoyang  syndrome
epigastric  distention  with  no  pain alternating  chills/fever,  dizziness,  nausea
Ⓣ yellow,  greasy  Ⓟ wiry,  rapid Ⓣ thin,  white  Ⓟ wiry

Chai  Hu 9‐12  LV  Qi  stagnation  overacting  on  the  SP  causing  cold  extremities  (Yang  Jue  syndrome):  Cold 
SI  NI  SAN
Zhi  Shi 9‐12 fingers  and  toes  although  the  body  is  warm,  irritability  and  fullness  in  the  chest  and 
frigid  extremities  Bai  Shao 12‐24 epigastrium,  hypochondriac  or  abdominal  pain,  severe  diarrhea,  Ⓣ  red  with  a  yellow  coat, 
powder Zhi  Gan  Cao 6‐9
Ⓟ  wiry 
Harmonize  LV  &  SP  Note:  Modern  use  includes  Raynaud's  Phenomenon.

Chai  Hu  Shu  Gan  San  (Bupleurum  Powder  to  Spread  LV)*
Si  Ni  San  (Chai  Hu  6,  Bai  Shao  4.5,  Zhi  Ke  4.5,  Zhi  Gan  Cao  1.5)   
Ingredients
+  Chen  Pi  6,  Xiang  Fu  4.5,  Chuan  Xiong  4.5
Actions Spreads  the  LV  Qi,  harmonizes  the  Blood,  and  alleviates  pain

Si  Ni  San Si  Ni  Tang Dang  Gui  Si  Ni  Tang*
Cold  Limbs  (Jue  syndrome)
Yang  Jue  (LV  Qi  stag.) Yin  Jue  (KD/SP  Yang  def.) Cold  channels  +  Blood  def.
cold  fingers/toes cold  entire  limbs cold  hands/feet

XIAO  YAO  SAN

Chai  Hu 9  LV  Qi  stagnation  +  LV  Blood  &  SP  Qi  deficiency:  Headache,  vertigo,  bitter  taste  in  the 
Dang  Gui 9 mouth,  dry  mouth  and  throat,  fatigue,  reduced  appetite,  hypochondriac  or  abdominal  pain, 
rambling  powder Bai  Shao 9 possibly  with  alternating  chills  and  fever,  irregular  menstruation,  breast  distention,                 
Bai  Zhu 9
Harmonize  LV  &  SP Fu  Ling 9
Ⓣ  pale‐red,  Ⓟ  wiry,  empty 
Zhi  Gan  Cao 6
Wei  Jiang 6
Bo  He 3
SOOTH  LV ↑BLOOD ↑QI HARMONIZE
Chai  Hu Dang  Gui Bai  Zhu Zhi  Gan  Cao
Bo  He Bai  Shao Fu  Ling Wei  Jiang

Jia  Wei  Xiao  Yao  San +  Mu  Dan  Pi,  Zhi  Zi ↓Heat
Hei  Xiao  Yao  San +  Shu  Di  Huang ↑Blood

Xiao  Chai  Hu  Tang Xiao  Yao  San

Harmonize  Shaoyang Harmonize  LV  &  SP
Chai  Hu  +  Huang  Qin Chai  Hu  +  Bai  Shao
Ⓣ thin,  white  coating  Ⓟ wiry  Ⓣ pale‐red  tongue    Ⓟ wiry,  empty 

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 14

BAN  XIA  XIE  XIN 
Ban  Xia 9  Cold‐Heat  complex  in  the  Middle  Jiao  due  to  ST  &  intestine  disharmony  (Pi  syndrome): 
Gan  Jiang 9 Epigastric  focal  distention,  fullness  and  tightness  with  very  slight  or  no  pain,  dry  heaves  or 
TANG
Huang  Qin 9 vomiting,  borborygmus  with  diarrhea,  reduced  appetite,  Ⓣ  thin,  yellow,  greasy  coat,             
pinellia  decoction  to  Huang  Lian 3
drain  the  epigastrium Ren  Shen 9
Ⓟ  wiry,  rapid 
Da  Zao 12p  Note:  This  formula  can  be  used  for  gastritis  or  gastric/duodenal  ulcers  caused  by  modern 
Harmonize  ST  &  lifestyles  that  involve  poor  diet,  high  stress,  and  pharmaceutical  drugs  which  inhibit  proper 
Intestines Zhi  Gan  Cao 9
functioning  of  the  Middle  Jiao.

Associated  Formulas Modifications Indications

Ban  Xia  Xie  Xin  Tang • Cold‐Heat  complex
Sheng  Jiang  Xie  Xin  Tang* +Sheng  Jiang,  ↓Gan  Jiang Water‐Heat  complex
Gao  Cao  Xie  Xin  Tang* ↑Gan  Cao Severe  ST  Qi  deficiency
Huang  Lian  Tang* ↑Huang  Lian Chest  Heat  +  Cold  ST

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 15

 5. EXPEL DAMPNESS
Cang  Zhu 12‐15  Damp‐Cold  stagnation  in  the  SP/ST:  Distention  and  fullness  in  the  epigastrium  and  abdomen, 
PING  WEI  SAN
Hou  Po 9‐12 loss  of  taste  and  appetite,  heavy  sensation  in  the  limbs,  loose  stool  or  diarrhea,  easily 
calm  the  stomach  Chen  Pi 9‐12 fatigued,  increased  desire  to  sleep,  nausea  and  vomiting,  belching,  acid  regurgitation,               
powder Zhi  Gan  Cao 3‐6
Sheng  Jiang 3p
Ⓣ  swollen  with  thick,  white,  greasy  coat,  Ⓟ  moderate,  slippery 
Transform  Damp Da  Zao 2p  Note:  Because  it  is  bitter,  acrid,  warm  and  dry,  this  formula  is  contraindicated  for  Blood  or 
Yin  deficiency.

Associated  Formulas Modifications Indications

Bu  Huan  Jin  Zheng  Qi  San* +  Huo  Xiang,  Ban  Xia Nausea,  vomiting
Wei  Ling  Tang* +  Wu  Ling  San Diarrhea,  edema
Jia  Wei  Ping  Wei  San* +  Shen  Qu,  Mai  Ya Food  retention
Ping  Chen  Tang* +  Er  Chen  Tang Damp  +  Phlegm

Cold  in  Middle  Jiao King  Herb Points

Ping  Wei  San Excess  Cold‐Damp Cang  Zhu ST36 SP9
Li  Zhong  Wan Deficiency  Cold Gan  Jiang RN12 SP3

HUO  XIANG  ZHENG 

Hou  Xiang 12  Dampness  in  the  Middle  Jiao  +  External  Wind‐Cold:  Fever  and  chills,  headache,  sensation  of 
Hou  Po 9 fullness  and  stifling  oppression  in  the  chest,  pain  in  the  epigastrium  and  abdomen,  nausea 
QI  SAN
Chen  Pi 9 and  vomiting,  borborygmus,  diarrhea,  loss  of  taste,  Ⓣ  white,  greasy  coat,  Ⓟ  moderate, 
agastache  powder  to  Zi  Su  Ye 6
recitify  the  qi  Bai  Zhi 6
soggy 
Ban  Xia 9  Note:  Used  for  intestinal  flu.
Transform  Damp
Da  Fu  Pi 9
Bai  Zhu 12
Fu  Ling 9
Jie  Geng 9
Zhi  Gan  Cao 3 Ping  Wei  San Huo  Xiang  Zheng  Qi  San
Sheng  Jiang 3‐6
Da  Zao 1p Interior  Damp
• Exterior  Wind‐Cold

BA  ZHENG  SAN

Mu  Tong 3‐6  Damp‐Heat  clumping  in  the  Lower  Jiao:  Dark,  turbid,  scanty,  difficult  and  painful  urination;  a 
Hua  Shi 12‐30 dry  mouth  and  throat;  possible  urinary  retention,  lower  abdominal  distention  and  pain,       
eight‐herb  powder  for  Che  Qian  Zi 9‐15 Ⓣ  yellow  greasy  coat,  Ⓟ  slippery,  rapid 
rectification Qu  Mai 6‐12
Bian  Xu 6‐12
 Note:  Commonly  used  for  Blood  Lin  or  Heat  Lin.
Clear  Damp‐Heat Zhi  Zi 3‐9
Zhi  Da  Huang 6‐9
Deng  Xin  Cao 3‐6
Gan  Cao 3‐9

Associated  Formulas Indications

Wu  Lin  San* Chi  Shao  30,  Zhi  Zi  30,  Chi  Fu  Ling  9,  Painful  dysuria
(5  Dysuria  Powder) Dang  Gui  7.5,  Gan  Cao  7.5
San  Jin  Tang* Jin  Qian  Cao  60,  Hai  Jin  Sha  30,  Ji  Nei  Jin  9,  Stony  painful  dysuria
(3  Stone  Decoction) Qu  Mai  12,  Dong  Kui  Zi  12,  Shi  Wei  9

Ba  Zheng  San Long  Dan  Xie  Gan Ba  Zheng  San Zhu  Ling  Tang
Acute  Lin  syndrome Lin  syndrome
UB  Damp‐Heat LV/GB  Damp‐Heat Acute  Lin Chronic  Lin

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 16

WU  LING  SAN
Ze  Xie 4  Water‐Damp  retention  marked  by  edema  and  difficult  urination:  Edema,  generalized 
Fu  Ling 2.3 sensation  of  heaviness,  diarrhea,  urinary  difficulty,  possibly  vomiting,  Ⓣ  thick  white  or 
five‐ingredient  powder  Zhu  Ling 2.3 greasy,  Ⓟ  slippery
with  poria Bai  Zhu 2.3
Gui  Zhi 1.5
 Taiyang  Fu  syndrome:  Also  for  UB  water  accumulation  with  possible  external  Wind‐Cold. 
Drain  Dampness headache,  fever,  irritability,  strong  thirst  but  with  vomiting  immediately  after  drinking, 
urinary  difficulty,  Ⓟ  floating
 Tan‐Yin  syndrome:  Throbbing  pulsations  just  below  the  umbilicus,  vomiting  frothy  saliva, 
vertigo,  shortness  of  breath,  coughing

Taiyang  Fu Formula
Water  accumulation Wu  Ling  San
Blood  accumulation Tao  He  Cheng  Qi  Tang

Associated  Formulas Modifications Indications

Si  Ling  San* Wu  Ling  San  ‐  Gui  Zhi urinary  difficulty
Yin  Chen  Wu  Ling  San* Wu  Ling  San  +  Yin  Chen    jaundice
Wei  Ling  Tang* Wu  Ling  San  +  Ping  Wei  San diarrhea,  edema

ZHU  LING  TANG

Zhu  Ling  3  Water  &  Heat  retention  in  the  UB  with  Yin  injury:  Urinary  difficulty,  fever,  thirst  with  a 
Fu  Ling 3 desire  to  drink,  diarrhea,  cough,  nausea,  irritability,  insomnia,  Ⓣ red  with  dry  yellow  coat, 
polyporus  decoction Ze  Xie 3 Ⓟ thin,  rapid
Hua  Shi 3
Drain  Dampness E  Jiao 3
 Note:  Also  for  diarrhea  in  infants  from  Damp‐Heat  and  injury  to  the  Yin.

Wu  Ling  San Zhu  Ling  Tang

Water  accumulation  in  the  Lower  Jiao
Possible  external  Wind‐Cold Heat  accumulation,  injury  to  Yin
Ⓣ pale,  Ⓟ slippery  or  floating Ⓣ red,  yellow  coating,  Ⓟ thin,  rapid 

WU  PI  SAN

Fu  Ling  Pi  15  SP  Qi  deficiency  with  excessive  Damp  causing  skin  edema  (Pi  Shui  syndrome):  Generalized 
Sheng  Jiang  Pi 6 edema  with  a  sensation  of  heaviness,  distension  and  fullness  in  the  epigastrium  and 
five‐peel  decoction Sang  Bai  Pi  15 abdomen,  labored  and  heavy  breathing,  urinary  difficulty,  Ⓣ  white  greasy  coat,                       
Da  Fu  Pi  15
Drain  Dampness Chen  Pi  9
Ⓟ  deep,  moderate 
 Note:  Also  for  generalized  edema  during  pregnancy.

Wu  Ling  San Zhu  Ling  Tang Wu  Pi  San Zhen  Wu  Tang
 Ze  Xie  Zhu  Ling  Sang  Bai  Pi  Fu  Zi
 Fu  Ling  Fu  Ling  Sheng  Jiang  Pi  Bai  Zhu
 Zhu  Ling  Ze  Xie  Fu  Ling  Pi  Fu  Ling
 Bai  Zhu  Hua  Shi  Chen  Pi  Sheng  Jiang
 Gui  Zhi  E  Jiao  Da  Fu  Pi  Bai  Shao
Water  accumulation
Dysfunction  of  UB  Qi  Heat  accumulation  SP  Qi  deficiency  KD/SP  Yang  def.  causing 
transformation causing  Yin  def. causing  skin  edema edema/pain

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 17

ZHEN  WU  TANG
Fu  Zi 9  KD/SP  Yang  deficiency  causing  Water  retention:  Abdominal  pain  aggravated  by  cold,  urinary 
Bai  Zhu 6 difficulty,  deep  aching  and  heaviness  in  the  extremities,  generalized  edema,  loose  stools, 
true  warrior  decoction Fu  Ling 9 dizziness,  heavy  sensation  in  the  head,  palpitations,  coughing,  vomiting,  Ⓣ  pale/purple 
Sheng  Jiang 9
Warm  &  Transform  Bai  Shao 9
swollen  tongue  with  teeth  marks  and  a  white  slippery  coat,  Ⓟ  deep,  thin,  weak 
Water  &  Damp  Overuse  of  diaphoresis  in  Taiyang  syndromes  causing  palpitation  &  shivering:  Fever, 
palpitation  in  the  epigastrium,  dizziness,  shivering  and  trembling  with  an  unsteady 
appearance 

Zhen  Wu  Tang Si  Ni  Tang Si  Shen  Wan

KD  Yang  deficiency  (KD3,  KD7,  DU4,  UB23)
Water  edema  +  pain Yin  Jue  or  Yang  collapse daybreak  diarrhea

Zhen  Wu  Tang Shi  Pi  Yin*

Yin  edema  due  to  KD/SP  Yang  deficiency
Focuses  on  the  KD Focuses  on  the  SP

JUAN  BI  TANG

Qiang  Huo 9  Painful  obstruction  syndrome  (bi)  due  to  Wind‐Damp  and  Ying  &  Wei  Qi  deficiency:  painful 
Fang  Feng 9 obstruction  due  to  invasion  of  wind‐cold‐damp  in  patients  with  qi  deficiency  characterized  by 
remove  painful  Chi  Shao 9 a  generalized  sensation  of  heaviness  in  the  body,  stiffness  in  the  neck,  shoulder,  and  upper 
obstruction  decoction Jiang  Huang 9
Huang  Qi 9
back,  numbness  in  the  extremities,  difficulty  in  moving,  Ⓣ  white  coating,  Ⓟ  moderate
Dispel  Wind‐Damp Dang  Gui 9  Note:  Most  effective  for  pain  located  in  the  upper  parts  of  the  body  –  neck,  shoulders, 
Zhi  Gan  Cao 3 arms,  and  elbows.
Sheng  Jiang 3

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 18

 6. TREAT DRYNESS
Xing  Ren 6  Cool‐Dryness:  Cough,  dry  throat,  chills  without  sweating,  watery  sputum,  stuffy  nose,               
XING  SU  SAN Zi  Su  Ye 6 Ⓣ  dry  with  white  coat,  Ⓟ  wiry 
Qian  Hu 6  Note:  For  relatively  superficial  conditions.
apricot  kernel  and 
perilla  leaf  powder Jie  Geng 6
Zhi  Ke 6
Disperse  &  Ban  Xia 6
Moisten  Dryness Chen  Pi 6
Fu  Ling 6
Sheng  Jiang 6 Xing  Su  San Sang  Xing  Tang*
Da  Zao 2p
Gan  Cao 3 Xing  Ren,  Zi  Su  Ye King Sang  Ye,  Xing  Ren
Cool‐Dryness Warm‐Dryness

Bai  He 6‐24  Internal  dryness  of  the  LU:  Cough  with  blood‐streaked  sputum,  wheezing,  dry  and  sore 
BAI  HE  GU  JIN  TANG Sheng  Di  Huang 12 throat,  hot  palms  and  soles,  night  sweats,  Ⓣ  dry,  red  with  little  coat,  Ⓟ  thin,  rapid 
Shu  Di  Huang 18  Note:  Focuses  on  nourishing  the  Yin.
lily  bulb  decoction  to  Mai  Men  Dong 9
preserve  the  metal  Xuan  Shen 4.8
Enrich  Yin  &  Chuan  Bei  Mu 6
Moisten  Dryness Jie  Geng 4.8
Dang  Gui 6
Bai  Shao 6
Gan  Cao 6

Mai  Men  Dong 15‐18  LU/ST  Qi  &  Yin  deficiency:  Coughing  and  spitting  of  saliva,  wheezing,  shortness  of  breath, 
MAI  MEN  DONG 
Ren  Shen 6 dry  and  uncomfortable  sensation  in  the  throat,  Ⓣ  dry,  red  with  little  coat,  Ⓟ  empty,  rapid 
TANG
Geng  Mi 9‐15  Note:  Also  for  belching  or  vomiting  from  deficient  Stomach  Yin.
ophiopogonis  decoction Dan  Zao 3‐4p
Gan  Cao 6
Enrich  Yin  &  Ban  Xia 4.5‐9
Moisten  Dryness

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 19

 7. WARM INTERIOR COLD
Gan  Jiang 9  Deficiency‐Cold  of  the  SP/ST:  Diarrhea  with  watery  stool,  nausea  and  vomiting,  no  particular 
LI  ZHONG  WAN Ren  Shen 9 thirst,  loss  of  appetite,  abdominal  pain  relieved  by  warmth  and  pressure,  fatigue,  abdominal 
Bai  Zhu 9 distention,  Ⓣ  pale  with  white  coat,  Ⓟ  deep  and  weak 
regulate  the  middle  pill
Zhi  Gan  Cao 9
 Middle  Jiao  Deficiency‐Cold  syndrome:  Also  for  chronic  bleeding,  chronic  infantile  convulsions, 
Warm  Middle
profuse  salivation  after  chronic  illness,  and  painful  obstruction  of  the  chest;  Equally  tonifies 
and  dispels  Cold

King  Herb Indication

Li  Zhong  Wan Gan  Jiang SP  Deficiency‐Cold
Whu  Zhu  Yu  Tang Wu  Zhu  Yu Cold  in  Yangming/Jueyin/Shaoyin 
Da  Jian  Zhong  Tang Chuan  Jiao Excess  Cold  due  to  SP  Yang  deficiency
Si  Ni  Tang Fu  Zi Yin  Jue  syndrome,  Yang  collapse 

Wu  Zhu  Yu 9‐12  ST  (Yangming)  Deficiency‐Cold:  Vomiting  immediately  after  eating,  indeterminate  gnawing 
WU  ZHU  YU  TANG Sheng  Jiang 18 hunger,  acid  regurgitation  with  or  without  epigastric  pain,  Ⓣ  tongue  body  which  is  not  red 
Ren  Shen 9 with  a  white  slippery  coat,  Ⓟ  thin  and  either  slow  or  wiry
evodia  decoction Da  Zao 12p
 LV  (Jueyin)  and  ST  Deficiency  Cold:  Dry  heaves  or  spitting  of  clear  fluids  with  headache  at 
Warm  Middle the  vertex
 KD  (Shaoyin)  channel  Cold  causing:  Vomiting  and  diarrhea  with  cold  hands  and  feet,  and 
agitation  so  severe  that  the  patient  wants  to  die

Wu  Zhu  Yu  Tang  Indications

Yangming  Cold Jueyin  Cold Shaoyin  Cold
Rebellious  Qi Vertex  headache Vomiting  and  Diarrhea

Wu  Zhu  Yu  Tang Si  Ni  Tang

cold  limbs,  vomiting,  diarrhea
irritability,  severe  mental  agitation constant  desire  to  sleep

Yi  Tang 18‐30  SP  Yang  deficiency  with  Cold  causing  abdominal  pain:  Spasmodic  abdominal  pain  that 
XIAO  JIAN  ZHONG  Gui  Zhi 9
TANG diminishes  with  warmth  and  pressure,  lusterless  complexion,  Ⓣ  pale  with  white  coat,         
Bai  Shao 18 Ⓟ  thin,  wiry  and  moderate 
Zhi  Gan  Cao 6
minor  construct  the 
Sheng  Jiang 9
 Note:  Also  for  low‐grade  fever,  palpitations,  irritability,  dry  mouth  and  throat.
middle  decoction
Da  Zao 12p
Warm  Middle

Associated  Formulas Modifications Indications

Huang  Qi  Jian  Zhong  Tang* +  Huang  Qi  (18‐30g) severe  Qi  deficiency
Dag  Gui  Jian  Zhong  Tang* +  Dang  Gui  (12‐18g) severe  Blood  deficiency

Chuan  Jiao 3‐9  Middle  Jiao  Yang  deficiency  (root)  +  Vigorous  Yin‐cold  (manifestation):  Excruciating  epigastric 
DA  JIAN  ZHONG  Gan  Jiang 12
TANG and  abdominal  pain  to  the  point  that  the  patient  cannot  tolerate  being  touched,  strong 
Ren  Shen 6 sensation  of  cold  in  the  epigastrium,  severe  vomiting  to  the  point  of  being  unable  to  eat, 
Yi  Tang 18‐30
major  construct  the  borborygmus,  Ⓣ slippery,  white  coat,  Ⓟ  thin  &  tight  or  slow  &  wiry,  or  hidden  in  severe 
middle  decoction
cases
Warm  Middle  Note:  Focused  on  dispelling  Cold.

Da  Jian  Zhong  Tang Li  Zhong  Wan

Abdominal  pain  due  to  Middle  Jiao  Deficiency‐Cold
Severe  pain  aggravated  by  touch Pain  alleviated  by  warmth  &  touch

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 20

SI  NI  TANG
Sheng  Fu  Zi 6‐9  KD  Yang  deficiency  with  Cold‐Evil  in  the  Shaoyin  stage  (Yin  Jue  syndrome):  Extremely  cold 
Gan  Jiang 4.5 extremities,  aversion  to  cold,  constant  desire  to  sleep,  sleeping  with  knees  drawn  up, 
frigid  extremeites  Zhi  Gan  Cao 6 vomiting,  diarrhea  with  undigested  food,  abdominal  pain  and  cold,  lack  of  thirst,  Ⓣ  pale 
decoction
with  white  slippery  coat,  Ⓟ  deep  and  thin  or  minute
Rescue  Yang  Yang  Collapse:  Profuse  cold  sweating,  cold  limbs,  sudden  fainting,  Ⓟ  minute
 False  Heat  +  True  Cold:  Flushed  face,  irritability  +  Desire  for  warm  drinks,  loose  stool

Nine  Needles  For  Returning  Yang

LI4 ST36 SP6 KD1 KD3 PC8 GB30 DU15 RN12
 Mentioned  in  "Glorious  Anthology  of  Acupuncture  and  Moxibustion"
 For  Yang  Collapse:  loss  of  consciousness,  aversion  to  cold,  purple  lips

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 21

 8. TONIFY
SI  JUN  ZI  TANG Ren  Shen 3‐9  SP/ST  Qi  deficiency:  Pallid  complexion,  low  and  soft  voice,  reduced  appetite,  loose  stools, 
Bai  Zhu 6‐9 weakness  in  the  limbs,  Ⓣ  pale,  Ⓟ  thin,  weak 
four‐gentleman  Fu  Ling 6‐9
decoction  Note:  This  is  the  primary  formula  for  SP/ST  Qi  deficiency.  It  also  helps  the  SP  process 
Zhi  Gan  Cao 3‐6
Dampness.
Tonify  Qi

Yi  Gong  San 4  Gentlemen  +  Chen  Pi +  Qi  stagnation

Liu  Jun  Zi  Tang  (6  Gentlemen) 4  Gentlemen  +  Ban  Xia,  Chen  Pi +  Phlegm
Xiang  Sha  Liu  Jun  Zi  Tang 6  Gentlemen  +  Mu  Xiang,  Sha  Ren +  Phlegm,  Qi  stag,  Pain
Xiang  Sha  Yang  Wei  Tang* Xiang  Sha  Liu  Jun  Zi  +  Ping  Wei  San +  Damp

Ren  Shen 15  SP  Qi  deficiency  &  Damp  causing  diarrhea:  Loose  stool  or  diarrhea,  weakness,  shortness  of 
SHEN  LING  BAI  ZHU  Bai  Zhu 15
SAN breath,  reduced  appetite,  weight  loss,  distention  and  stifling  sensation  in  the  chest  and 
Fu  Ling 15 epigastrium,  pallid  and  wan  complexion,  Ⓣ  pale  with  white  coat,  Ⓟ  thin,  moderate  or 
Zhi  Gan  Cao 9
ginseng,  poria,  and  empty 
atractolydes  Shan  Yao 15
macrocephala  decoction Yi  Yi  Ren 9  Note:  Also  for  chronic  cough  with  copious  sputum  due  to  LU/SP  deficiency.
Bai  Bian  Dou 12
Tonify  Qi Lian  Zi 9
Sha  Ren 6
Jie  Geng 6

Si  Jun  Zi  Tang Shen  Ling  Bai  Zhu  San Bu  Zhong  Yi  Qi  Tang
SP  Qi  deficiency  →  ST36,  SP3,  UB20
fatigue,  no  appetite diarrhea organ  prolapse,  fever

Huang  Qi 12‐24  SP/ST  Qi  Deficiency:  Intermittent  fever  that  worsens  with  exertion,  spontaneous  sweating, 
BU  ZHONG  YI  QI 
Ren  Shen 9‐12 aversion  to  cold,  thirst  for  warm  beverages,  shortness  of  breath,  laconic  speech,  tendency  to 
TANG
Bai  Zhu 9‐12 curl  up,  weak  limbs,  shiny  and  pale  complexion,  loose  and  watery  stools,  Ⓣ  pale  with  thin 
tonify  the  middle  and  Zhi  Gan  Cao 3‐6
augment  the  qi  Dang  Gui 6‐12
white  coat,  Ⓟ  empty  in  general,  rootless  in  the  middle  right  position
decoction Chen  Pi 6‐9  SP  Qi  Sinking:  Prolapse  of  the  rectum  or  uterus,  chronic  diarrhea,  chronic  dysenteric 
Sheng  Ma 3‐6 disorders,  incontinence  or  bleeding  disorders
Tonify  Qi
Chai  Hu 3‐9

Associated  Formulas Indications

Ju  Yuan  Jian* Huang  Qi  24,  Ren  Shen  6,  Bai  Zhu  9,  Qi  deficiency  leading  to  severe  blood  loss: 
Sheng  Ma  6,  Zhi  Gan  Cao  3 excessive  menstruation,  uterine  bleeding

Tiao  Zhong  Yi  Qi  Huang  Qi  15,  Ren  Shen  12,  Cang  Zhu  9,  SP  Qi  deficiency  +  Damp:  heaviness, 
Chen  Pi  9,  Sheng  Ma  6,  Chai  Hu  3, 
Tang* Mu  Xiang  9,  Zhi  Gan  Cao  3 distention,  diarrhea  hypersomnia

SHENG  MAI  SAN Ren  Shen 9‐15  Concurrent  Qi  &  Yin  deficiency,  primarily  of  the  LU:  Shortness  of  breath,  weakness, 
Mai  Men  Dong 9‐12 spontaneous  sweating,  dry  mouth  and  tongue,  chronic  cough  with  sparse  sputum  that  is 
generate  the  pulse  Wu  Wei  Zi 3‐6
powder difficult  to  expectorate,  Ⓣ  pale‐red  with  dry  thin  coat,  Ⓟ  empty  and  rapid  or  thin 
 Note:  Suitable  for  treating  Summer‐Heat  thirst  and  fluid  depletion;  Also  applied  to  coronary 
Tonify  Qi heart  disease  or  Qi‐deficiency  anemia.

Sheng  Mai  San Yu  Ping  Feng  San

LU  deficiency:  spontaneous  sweating
LU  Qi/Yin  def:  SOB,  dry  mouth Wei  Qi  def:  aversion  to  wind

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 22

SI  WU  TANG Shu  Di  Huang 9‐21  Blood  deficiency  with  Blood  stagnation:  Dizziness,  blurred  vision,  lusterless  complexion  and 
Bai  Shao 9‐15 nails,  general  muscle  tightness,  irregular  menstruation  with  little  flow  or  amenorrhea, 
four‐substance  decoction Dang  Gui 9‐12 periumbilical  or  lower  abdominal  pain;  also  menorrhagia,  hard  abdominal  masses  with 
Chuan  Xiong 3‐6
Tonify  Blood recurrent  pain,  restless  fetus  disorder,  or  lochioschesis  with  firm  and  painful  abdomen  and 
sporadic  chills  and  fever,  Ⓣ  pale,  Ⓟ  thin,  wiry  or  thin,  choppy 
 Note:  This  formula  is  focused  on  LV  Blood  deficiency,  rather  than  on  HT  Blood.

  Associated  Formulas Modifications Indications

Tao  Hong  Si  Wu  Tang +  Tao  Ren,  Hong  Hua →  menstrual  symptoms
Wen  Qing  Yin* +  Huang  Lian  Jie  Du  Tang →  stubborn  skin  diseases
Bu  Gan  Tang* +  Suan  Zao  Ren,  Mu  Gua,  Zhi  Gan  Cao →  eyes/muscle  disorders
+  Xiang  Fu,  Ai  Ye,  Huang  Qi,  Rou  Gui,      →  restless  fetus  due  to  Cold  &         
Ai  Fu  Nuan  Gong  Wan*       Wu  Zhu  Yu,  Xu  Duan       Blood  deficiency

Si  Wu  Tang Xiao  Yao  San

Menstrual  disorders  (Deficiency  +  Excess)
Blood  deficiency  +  Blood  stasis LV  Qi  stagnation  +  Blood  deficiency

DANG  GUI  BU  XUE  Huang  Qi 30  Blood  &  Qi  deficiency  with  floating  Yang:  Sensation  of  heat  in  the  muscles,  red  face, 
TANG Dang  Gui 6 irritability,  thirst  with  desire  to  drink  warm  beverages,  loss  of  appetite,  emaciation,                   
tangkeui  decoction  to  5:1  ratio
Ⓣ  pale,  Ⓟ  surging,  big,  empty 
tonify  the  blood  Note:  Also  for  fever/headache  from  acute  blood  loss  or  Yin‐type  ulcers.
Tonify  Qi  &  Blood

Ren  Shen 3‐6  SP  Qi  &  HT  Blood  deficiency  causing  insomnia:  Forgetfulness,  palpitations  with  or  without 
GUI  PI  TANG Huang  Qi 9‐12 anxiety,  insomnia,  dream‐disturbed  sleep,  anxiety,  phobias,  feverishness,  withdrawal,  reduced 
Bai  Zhu 9‐12 appetite,  pallid  and  wan  complexion,  Ⓣ  pale  with  thin  coat,  Ⓟ  thin,  weak 
restore  the  spleen 
Zhi  Gan  Cao 3‐6
decoction
Dang  Gui 6‐9
 SP  Qi  Not  Controlling  Blood:  Early  periods  with  copious  pale  blood  or  prolonged  almost 
Tonify  Qi  &  Blood Long  Yan  Rou 6‐9 continuous  periods  with  little  flow,  leukorrhea,  bloody  stool,  subcutaneous  bleeding
Suan  Zao  Ren 9‐12
Yuan  Zhi  (Zhi) 3‐6
Fu  Shen 9‐12
Mu  Xiang 3‐6
Sheng  Jiang 5  pcs
Da  Zao 1  pc

Gui  Pi  Tang Bu  Zhong  Yi  Qi  Tang

SP  Qi  deficiency
1.  SP  Qi  &  HT  Blood  def.  →  insomnia 1.  Qi  deficiency  →  low  fever
2.  SP  deficiency  →  chronic  bleeding 2.  SP  Qi  sinking  →  organ  prolapse

Gui  Pi  Tang Ba  Zhen  Tang Zhi  Gan  Cao  Tang*
↑Qi  >  ↑Blood ↑Qi  =  ↑Blood ↑Qi  <  ↑Blood

BA  ZHEN  TANG

Ren  Shen 6‐9  Qi  &  Blood  deficiency:  Pallid  or  sallow  complexion,  palpitations  with  anxiety,  laconic  speech, 
Bai  Zhu 9‐12 easily‐fatigued  extremities,  light‐headedness  and/or  vertigo,  loss  of  appetite,  emaciation,           
eight‐treasure  decoction Fu  Ling 12‐15 Ⓣ  pale,  Ⓟ  thin,  weak  or  large,  empty
Zhi  Gan  Cao 3‐6
Tonify  Qi  &  Blood Shu  Di  Huang 15‐18
Bai  Shao 12‐15
Dang  Gui 12‐15
Chuan  Xiong 6‐9 Qi  deficiency Blood  deficiency
Sheng  Jiang 3p
Da  Zao 2p Si  Jun  Zi  Tang  Si  Wu  Tang 
(4  Gentleman  Decoction) (4  Substances  Decoction)

Associated  Formulas Modifications    Actions

Shi  Quan  Da  Bu  Tang +  Huang  Qi,  Rou  Gui Warm  Yang
Ren  Shen  Yang  Ying  Tang* ‐  Chuan  Xiong  +  Huang  Qi,  Rou  Gui,  Wu  Wei  Zi Calm  Shen
Tai  Shan  Pan  Shi  San* ‐  Fu  Ling  +  Huang  Qin,  Sha  Ren,  Huang  Qi,  Xu  Duan Calm  Fetus

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 23

 Ren  Shen 6‐9  Qi  &  Blood  deficiency  with  mild  Deficiency‐Cold:  Qi  and  Blood  deficiency  in  consumptive 
SHI  QUAN  DA  BU  Bai  Zhu 9‐12
TANG disorders  with  coughing,  reduced  appetite,  spermatorrhea  and  weakness  of  the  lower 
Fu  Ling 12‐15 extremities;  sores  that  refuse  to  heal,  or  continuous  spotting  from  uterine  bleeding,             
Zhi  Gan  Cao 3‐6
all‐inclusive  great 
Shu  Di  Huang 15‐18
Ⓣ  pale,  dusky  with  thin,  white  coat,  Ⓟ  thin,  weak,  deep,  possibly  slow 
tonifying  decoction
Bai  Shao 12‐15  Note:  Applicable  in  conditions  of  weakness  of  the  circulatory  system  or  digestive  system, 
Tonify  Qi  &  Blood Dang  Gui 12‐15 anemia,  hypothyroidism,  post‐surgery,  post‐illness  or  other  deficiency  conditions.
Chuan  Xiong 6‐9
Rou  Gui 6‐9
Huang  Qi 15‐18
Sheng  Jiang 3p
Da  Zao 2p

Ba  Zhen  Tang  (8  Treasure) Mild  Deficient‐Cold

Si  Jun  Zi  Tang Si  Wu  Tang Huang  Qi,  Rou  Gui

LIU  WEI  DI  HUANG  Shu  Di  Huang 240  KD/LV  Yin  deficiency:  Soreness  and  weakness  of  the  lower  back,  light‐headedness,  vertigo, 
WAN Shan  Zhu  Yu 120 tinnitus,  diminished  hearing,  dry  mouth  and  throat,  irritability,  night  sweats,  spontaneous  and 
Shan  Yao 120 nocturnal  emissions,  hot  palms  and  soles,  toothache,  Wasting  and  Thirsting  syndrome,         
six‐ingredient  pill  with  Fu  Ling 90
rehmannia Mu  Dan  Pi 90
Ⓣ  red  with  little  coat,    Ⓟ  thin,  rapid 
Ze  Xie 90  Note:  This  is  a  well  balanced  formula  (3  tonify  +  3  sedate).
Tonify  Yin

KD LV SP
Tonify Shu  Di  Huang Shan  Zhu  Yu Shan  Yao
Sedate Ze  Xie Mu  Dan  Pi Fu  Ling

Zhi  Bai  Di  Huang  Wan Qi  Ju  Di  Huang  Wan Mai  Wei  Di  Huang  Wan
+  Zhi  Mu,  Huang  Bai +  Gou  Qi  Zi,  Ju  Hua +  Mai  Men  Dong,  Wu  Wei  Zi
KD:  Deficiency‐Heat LV:  eye  disorders LU:  dry  cough

Er  Long  Zuo  Ci  Wan* +  Ci  Shi,  Shi  Chang  Pu,  Wu  Wei  Zi Hearing  loss  due  to  old  age
Gui  Shao  Di  Huang  Wan* +  Si  Wu  Tang KD/LV  Yin  deficiency  +  LV  Blood  deficiency

ZUO  GUI  WAN

Shu  Di  Huang 24  KD  Yin  deficiency  with  Marrow/Essence  depletion:  Dizziness,  vertigo,  tinnitus,  soreness  and 
Qou  Qi  Zi 12 weakness  in  the  lower  back  and  legs,  spontaneous  and  nocturnal  emissions,  spontaneous 
resore  the  left  (kidney)  Shan  Zhu  Yu 12 and  night  sweats,  dry  mouth  and  throat,  thirst,  Ⓣ  red,  shiny  tongue,  Ⓟ  thin,  rapid 
pill Gui  Ban  Jiao 12
Lu  Jiao  Jiao 12
 Note:  This  is  a  stronger  version  of  “Zuo  Gui  Yin”  which  is  used  in  more  severe  cases.  It  is 
Tonify  Yin Tu  Si  Zi 12 prepared  in  pill  form  because  this  type  of  disorder  usually  requires  long‐term  treatment.
Chuan  Niu  Xi 9
Shan  Yao 12

Zuo  Gui  Wan You  Gui  Wan

Liu  Wei  Di  Huang  Wan  variation Jin  Gui  Shen  Qi  Wan  variation
KD  Yin/Jing  deficiency KD  Yang/Jing  deficiency

Zuo  Gui  Wan Zuo  Gui  Yin*

Shu  Di  Huang,  Shan  Yao,  Shan  Zhu  Yu,  Gou  Qi  Zi
Gui  Ban  Jiao,  Lu  Jiao  Jiao,  Tu  Si  Zi,  Chuan  Niu  Xi Zhi  Gan  Cao,  Fu  Ling
Used  for  KD  Yin  deficiency
Stronger,  Used  for  severe  case Less  potent,  Used  for  moderate  case

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 24

JIN  GUI  SHEN  QI 
Sheng  Di  Huang 24  KD  Yang  deficiency:  Cold  and  pain  of  the  lower  back  and  legs,  tenseness  of  the  lower 
Shan  Zhu  Yu 12 abdomen,  irritability  to  the  point  of  difficulty  to  lie  down,  breathing  most  comfortable  while 
WAN
Shan  Yao 12 leaning  against  something,  Ⓣ  pale,  swollen  with  thin,  white,  moist  coat  Ⓟ  empty  or  weak, 
kidney  qi  pill  from  the  Fu  Zi 3
'golden  cabinet' Gui  Zhi 3
deep  and  minute  at  proximal  position
Fu  Ling 9  Note:  Applicable  for  various  disorders  including  diabetes,  hypothyroidism,  chronic  nephritis, 
Tonify  Yang general  debility  and  weakness,  edema,  bronchial  asthma.
Mu  Dan  Pi 9
Ze  Xie 9

Liu  Wei  Di  Huang  Wan Jin  Gui  Shen  Qi  Wan
KD  deficiency  (KD3,  RN4,  UB23)
KD  Yin  (KD6,  SP6) KD  Yang  (KD7,  DU4)

YOU  GUI  WAN

Fu  Zi 6‐18  KD  Yang/Essence  deficiency  with  Blood  deficiency:  Exhaustion  from  long‐term  illness,  coolness 
Rou  Gui 6‐12 of  the  extremities,  impotence,  spermatorrhea,  aching  and  weakness  of  the  lower  back  and 
restore  the  right  Lu  Jiao  Jiao 12 knees,  fatigue,  aversion  to  cold,  Ⓣ  pale,  swollen,  Ⓟ  thin,  weak,  especially  at  proximal 
(kidney)  pill Shu  Di  Huang 24
Shan  Zhu  Yu 9
position
Tonify  Yang Shan  Yao 12  Note:  May  also  manifest  as  infertility,  loose  stools  sometimes  with  undigested  food  particles, 
Gou  Qi  Zi 12 incontinence,  edema  of  the  legs.
Tu  Si  Zi 12
Du  Zhong 12
Dang  Gui 9
You  Gui  Wan You  Gui  Yin*
Shu  Di  Huang,  Shan  Yao,  Shan  Zhu  Yu,  Gou  Qi  Zi, 
Zhi  Gan  Cao,  Du  Zhong,  Rou  Gui,  Fu  Zi
Lu  Jiao  Jiao,  Tu  Si  Zi,  Dang  Gui Zhi  Gan  Cao
Used  for  KD  Yang  deficiency
Stronger,  Used  for  severe  case Less  potent,  Used  for  moderate  case

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 25

 9. TREAT PHLEGM
ER  CHEN  TANG
Ban  Xia 15  Damp‐Phlegm  syndrome  in  the  Middle  Jiao  or  LU:  Cough  with  copious  sputum  that  is  easy 
Ju  Hong 15 to  expectorate,  focal  distention  and  stifling  sensation  in  the  chest,  palpitations,  nausea  or 
two  cured  decoction Fu  Ling 9 vomiting,  Ⓣ  swollen,  thick  white  greasy  coat,  Ⓟ  slippery 
Zhi  Gan  Cao 4.5
Dry  Damp  &  Sheng  Jiang 7  pc
 Note:  Even  though  this  is  a  small  formula,  it  accomplishes  three  approaches  for  treating 
Expel  Phlegm Wu  Mei 1  pc Phlegm  including  transforming  Phlegm,  moving  Qi  and  strengthening  the  SP.

PHLEGM:  Ⓣ greasy  Ⓟ  slippery  ➪ ST40

Er  Chen  Tang Wen  Dan  Tang Ban  Xia  Bai  Zhu  Tian  Ma  Tang
Damp‐Phlegm Phlegm‐Heat Wind‐Phlegm
Ⓣ white  coat Ⓣ yellow  coat,  Ⓟ wiry,  rapid Ⓣ white  coat,  Ⓟ wiry
  cough,  copious  sputum insomnia,  anxiety dizziness,  headache

Er  Chen  Tang  Modifications Indications

Dao  Tan  Tang Er  Chen  Tang  +  Zhi  Shi,  Tian  Nan  Xing Wind‐Phlegm
Di  Tan  Tang* Dao  Tan  Tang  +  Ren  Shen,  Shi  Chang  Pu Phlegm  misting  the  HT
Jin  Shui  Liu  Jun  Jian* Er  Chen  Tang  +  Dang  Gui,  Shu  Di  Huang LU/Yin  deficiency

Zhu  Ru 6  GB  &  ST  disharmony  with  Phlegm‐Heat:  Dizziness,  vertigo,  nausea  or  vomiting,  insomnia, 
WEN  DAN  TANG Zhi  Shi 6 palpitations,  anxiety,  indeterminate  gnawing  hunger,  seizures  accompanied  by  copious 
Ban  Xia 6 sputum,  focal  distention  of  the  chest,  bitter  taste  in  the  mouth,  slight  thirst,                           
warm  the  gallbladder 
decoction Chen  Pi 9
Fu  Ling 4.5
Ⓣ  greasy  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ  rapid,  slippery  and  wiry 
Clear  Heat  &  Transform  Gan  Cao 3  Note:  Also  used  for  Phlegm‐Heat  manifesting  as  HT  conditions  such  as  mania,  depression, 
Phlegm Sheng  Jiang 3‐6 schizophrenia,  insomnia,  palpitations  or  fright. 

Huang  Lian  Wen  Dan  Tang* Wen  Dan  Tang  +  Huang  Lian Severe  Phlegm‐Heat
Wen  Dan  Tang  ‐  Zhu  Ru 
Shi  Wei  Wen  Dan  Tang* HT/GB  deficiency
+  Suan  Zao  Ren,  Yuan  Zhi,  Wu  Wei  Zi,  Shu  Di,  Ren  Shen

Dan  Nan  Xing 45  LU  Phlegm‐Heat  causing  cough:  Sensation  of  fullness  in  the  chest,  nausea,  bitter  taste  in  the 
QING  QI  HUA  TAN  Huang  Qin 30
WAN mouth,  coughing  of  yellow  viscous  sputum,  Ⓣ  greasy  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ  slippery,  rapid 
Gua  Lou  Ren 30  Note:  The  interrelationships  between  Fire,  Qi,  and  Phlegm  are  complex  and  can  be  difficult 
Zhi  Shi 30
clear  the  qi  and  to  treat,  but  as  Zhu  Dan‐Xi  said,  "If  the  Qi  is  normalized,  the  body's  fluids  will  follow  and 
transform  phlegm  pill Chen  Pi 30
Fu  Ling  30 will  also  normalize."
Clear  Heat  &  Transform  Ban  Xia 45
Phlegm Xing  Ren 30

Chuan  Bei  Mu 4.5  LU  Dry‐Phlegm  causing  cough:  Cough  with  deep‐seated  sputum  that  is  difficult  to 
BEI  MU  GUA  LOU  Gua  Lou 3
SAN expectorate,  wheezing,  dry  and  sore  throat,  Ⓣ  red  and  dry  with  little  coat,  Ⓟ  rapid  and 
Tian  Hua  Fen 2.4 thin,  but  strong 
Fu  Ling 2.4
fritillaria  and 
trichosanthes  fruit  Ju  Hong 2.4
powder Jie  Geng 2.4

Moisten  Dryness  & 

Transform  Phlegm

Bei  Mu  Gua  Lou  San Sheng  Mai  San

Dryness  attack  LU LU  Qi/Yin  deficiency
Dry  cough
Ⓟ thin,  rapid  +  strong Ⓟ thin,  rapid  +  weak

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 26

 Ban  Xia 4.5  Internal  Wind‐Phlegm  rising  upward  causing  dizziness/vertigo:  Dizziness,  vertigo,  headache, 
BAN  XIA  BAI  ZHU  Tian  Ma 3
TIAN  MA  TANG nausea,  vomiting,  stifling  sensation  in  the  chest,  copious  sputum,  Ⓣ  white  greasy  coat,       
Bai  Zhu 9 Ⓟ  wiry,  slippery 
Ju  Hong 3
pinellia,  atractylodes 
Fu  Ling 3
 Note:  May  be  used  for  Meniere's  disease.
macrocephala,  and 
gastrodia  decoction Sheng  Jiang 1slice
Da  Zao 2p
Transform  Phlegm  &  Gan  Cao 1.5
Extinguish  Wind

Tian  Ma  Gou  Teng  Yin Ban  Xia  Bai  Zhu  Tian  Ma  Tang
Dizziness,  headache,  vertigo,  Ⓟ wiry 
LV  Yang  rising Wind‐Phlegm  rising
Ⓣ red,  yellow  Ⓟ wiry,  rapid Ⓣ white  greasy,  Ⓟ wiry,  slippery

Zi  Wan 960  External  Wind  attacking  the  LU  causing  cough:  Coughing  and  itchy  throat,  with  or  without 
ZHI  SOU  SAN Bai  Qian 960 slight  chills  and  fever,  Ⓣ  thin  white  coat,  Ⓟ  moderate  and  floating 
Bai  Bu 960  Note:  Clinically  this  formula  is  very  effective  to  stop  cough  in  conditions  including  acute 
stop  coughing  powder
Jie  Geng 960
Chen  Pi 480
bronchitis  and  upper  respiratory  tract  infections.
Transform  Phlegm  & 
Extinguish  Wind Jing  Jie 960
Gan  Cao 360

Zhi  Sou  San Sang  Ju  Yin

Wind  attacking  the  LU Wind‐Heat
Cough  with  exterior  condition
itchy  throat fever/chills,  red  eyes

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 27

 10. REGULATE THE QI
YUE  JU  WAN
Xiang  Fu 6  Six  Stagnations  of  Qi,  Blood,  Phlegm,  Damp,  Fire  and  Food:  Focal  distention  and  stifling 
Chuan  Xiong 6 sensation  in  the  chest  and  abdomen,  fixed  pain  in  the  hypochondria,  belching,  acid 
escape  restraint  pill Cang  Zhu 6 regurgitation,  mild  cough  with  copious  sputum,  reduced  appetite,  indigestion,  Ⓣ &  Ⓟ
Zhi  Zi 6
Move  Qi Shen  Qu 6
variable  depending  on  the  type  of  stagnation   
 Note:  The  Six  Stagnations  arise  from  LV  Qi  stagnation  affecting  the  function  of  the  SP.

QI  BLOOD DAMP PHLEGM HEAT FOOD

Xiang  Fu Chuan  Xiong Cang  Zhu Zhi  Zi Shen  Qu

Si  Ni  San Xiao  Yao  San Yue  Ju  Wan

LV  Qi  stagnation:  pain/distention,  wiry  pulse
LV/SP  disharmony Blood/Qi  deficiency All  six  stagnations 
cold  extremities irregular  menstruation pain,  indigestion,  vomiting

BAN  XIA  HOU  PO 

Ban  Xia 9‐12  LV  Qi  &  Phlegm  stagnation  lodging  in  the  throat  causing  Plum‐pit  syndrome:  Feeling  of 
Hou  Po 9 something  caught  in  the  throat  that  can  be  neither  swallowed  nor  ejected,  stifling  sensation 
TANG
Fu  Ling 12 in  the  chest  and  hypochondria,  possible  coughing  or  vomiting,  Ⓣ  moist  or  greasy  white 
pinellia  and  magnolia  Sheng  Jiang 15
bark  decoction Zi  Su  Ye 6
coat,  Ⓟ  wiry  and  slow  or  slippery 
 Note:  This  formula  addresses  the  branch  more  than  the  root;  although  LV  Qi  stagnation  is 
Move  Qi the  indication,  no  herbs  in  this  formula  specifically  address  LV  Qi.

Zi  Su  Zi 9‐12  LU  Cold‐Phlegm  (excess  above)  with  KD  Yang  deficiency  (deficiency  below):  Coughing  and 
SU  ZI  JIANG  QI  Ban  Xia 6‐9 wheezing  with  copious,  watery,  clear  sputum;  stifling  sensation  in  the  chest  and  diaphragm, 
TANG Hou  Po 3‐6 dyspnea,  shortness  of  breath,  labored  inhalation  but  smooth  exhalation;  possible  weakness  of 
Qian  Hu 6‐9
perilla  fruit  decoction  Rou  Gui 1.5‐3
the  low  back  and  legs,  edema  in  the  extremities,  fatigue,  Ⓣ  white  and  greasy  or  slippery 
for  directing  qi  Dang  Gui 6‐9 coat,  Ⓟ slippery,  weak  pulse 
downward
Sheng  Jiang 2p  Note:  This  formula  can  relieve  wheezing,  cough,  and  phlegm  in  asthma,  bronchial  asthma  or 
Descend  Qi Zi  Su  Ye 5p chronic  bronchitis  patients. 
Da  Zao 3p
Zhi  Gan  Cao 3‐4.5

Su  Zi  Jiang  Qi  Tang Ding  Chuan  Tang*

Excess Phlegm‐Cold Exterior Wind‐Cold
Deficiency KD  Yang  deficiency Interior Phlegm‐Heat
ST40,  UB13,  UB23 LU5,  UB13,  UB12

Chen  Pi 9‐12  Rebellious  ST  Qi  due  to  ST  deficiency  with  Heat:  Hiccough,  nausea,  dry  heaves,  retching, 
JU  PI  ZHU  RU  TANG Zhu  Ru 9‐12 belching,  vomiting,    Ⓣ  tender,  red,  Ⓟ  empty,  rapid 
Ren  Shen 3  Note:  Also  for  vomiting  due  to  debility  after  a  prolonged  illness  or  post‐surgery.
tangerine  peel  and 
bamboo  shavings  Sheng  Jiang 6‐9
decoction Gan  Cao 3‐6
Da  Zao 5p
Descend  Qi

Ju  Pi  Zhu  Ru  Tang Li  Zhong  Wan

Rebellious  ST  Qi  due  to  ST  deficiency  →  Ⓟ weak
Heat  →  Ⓣ red,  Ⓟ rapid Cold  →  Ⓣ pale,  Ⓟ deep,  slow

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 28

 11. INVIGORATE THE BLOOD
Tao  Ren 12‐15  Accumulation  of  Blood  stasis  &  Heat  in  the  Lower  Jiao:  Acute  lower  abdominal  pain, 
TAO  HE  CHENG  QI 
Da  Huang 12 incontinence  of  urine,  night  time  feverishness,  delirious  speech,  irritability,  restlessness,  thirst, 
TANG
Gui  Zhi 6 dysmenorrhea  or  amenorrhea,  possible  manic  behavior,  Ⓣ purple  with  thin  yellow  coat,         
peach  pit  decoction  to  Mang  Xiao 6
order  the  qi Zhi  Gan  Cao 6
Ⓟ  deep,  full,  choppy 
 Note:  For  various  disorders  which  involve  accumulation  of  Heat  and  Blood  leading  to 
Invigorate  Blood clumping,  such  as  traumatic  injury  or  gynecological  disorders.

Ingredients Shang  Han  Lun

Tiao  Wei  Cheng  Qi  Tang Da  Huang,  Mang  Xiao,  Gan  Cao Yangming  organ  level
Tao  He  Cheng  Qi  Tang Tiao  Wei  +  Tao  Ren,  Gui  Zhi Taiyang  organ  level

XUE  FU  ZHU  YU 

Tao  Ren 12  Blood  stasis  with  Qi  stagnation  in  the  chest:  Chest  and  hypochondriac  pain,  chronic  stubborn 
Hong  Hua 9 and  piercing  headache,  chronic  incessant  hiccough,  choking  sensation  when  drinking, 
TANG
Chuan  Xiong 4.5 depression,  warm  sensation  in  the  chest,  palpitations,  insomnia,  restless  sleep,  irritability, 
drive  out  blood  stasis  in  Dang  Gui 9
the  mansion  of  blood  Chi  Shao 6
mood  swings,  evening  tidal  fever,  dark  or  purplish  lips,  complexion  or  sclera,  Ⓣ  dark‐red 
decoction Chuan  Niu  Xi 3 with  dark  spots  on  sides  Ⓟ  choppy,  wiry,  tight 
Sheng  Di  Huang 9  Note:  Xue  Fu  Zhu  Yu  Tang  may  be  used  for  strange  or  unexplainable  symptoms  since 
Invigorate  Blood
Chai  Hu 9 "Peculiar  diseases  arise  from  stasis."   
Jie  Geng 4.5
Zhi  Ke 6
Gan  Cao 3
Blood  stasis LV  Qi  stagnation
Tao  Hong  Si  Wu  Tang Si  Ni  San

ZHU  YU  TANG  ➜ Activate  Blood  &  stop  pain

Tong  Qiao  Zhu  Yu  Tang* Ge  Xia  Zhu  Yu  Tang* Shao  Fu  Zhu  Yu  Tang* Shen  Tong  Zhu  Yu  Tang*
 Tao  Ren  Tao  Ren  Chuan  Xiong  Tao  Ren
 Hong  Hua  Hong  Hua  Chi  Shao  Hong  Hua
 Chuan  Xiong  Chuan  Xiong  Dang  Gui  Chuan  Xiong
 Chi  Shao  Chi  Shao  Wu  Ling  Zhi  (fried)  Dang  Gui
 Cong  Bai  Dang  Gui  Pu  Huang  Mo  Yao
 Da  Zao  Wu  Ling  Zhi  (fried)  Mo  Yao  Wu  Ling  Zhi  (fried)
 Sheng  Jiang  Yan  Hu  Suo  Yan  Hu  Suo  Di  Long
 She  Xiang  Mu  Dan  Pi  Xiao  Hui  Xiang  (fried)  Qin  Jiao
 White  wine  Xiang  Fu  Gan  Jiang  (fried)  Qiang  Huo
 Wu  Yao  Rou  Gui  Niu  Xi
 Zhi  Ke  Xiang  Fu
 Gan  Cao  Gan  Cao

head/face epigastrium lower  abdomen channels/collaterals

➪  open  orifices ➪  move  Qi ➪  warm  interior ➪  open  collaterals

DAN  SHEN  YIN

Dan  Shen 30  Blood  &  Qi  stagnation  in  the  Upper/Middle  Jiao  causing  chest  pain:  Epigastric  pain  that  may 
Tan  Xiang 4.5 radiate  upward  into  the  chest,  Ⓣ  purple,  Ⓟ  choppy 
salvia  decoction Sha  Ren 4.5  Note:  Particularly  useful  for  epigastric,  flank,  or  menstrual  pain  in  women;  Modified  version 
Invigorate  Blood treats  angina  pectoris.

Associated  Modern  Formulas Indications

Angina  Formula* No.2:  Dan  Shen  24g,  Chi  Shao  15g,  Chuan  Xiong  15g,  Hong  Chest  pain  due  to 
Hua  12g,  Jiang  Xiang  12g angina
No.1:  Dan  Shen  15g,  Chi  Shao  9g,  Tao  Ren  9g,  Ru  Xiang  9g, 
Ectopic  Pregnancy  Abdominal  pain  due  to 
Formula* Mo  Yao  9g ectopic  pregnancy
No.2:  No.1  +  San  Leng  6g,  E  Zhu  6g

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 29

 Wu  Zhu  Yu 9  Chong  &  Ren  channel  Deficiency‐Cold  with  Blood  stasis  causing  irregular  menstruation:  Mild 
WEN  JING  TANG Gui  Zhi 6 persistent  uterine  bleeding,  irregular  menstruation,  extended  or  continuous  menstrual  flow, 
Dang  Gui 9 bleeding  between  periods,  lower  abdominal  pain,  distention,  infertility,  dry  lips  and  mouth, 
warm  the  menses  Chuan  Xiong 6
decoction Bai  Shao 6
low‐grade  fever  at  dusk,  warm  palms  and  soles,  Ⓣ dusky  (pale  purple)  with  thin  coat,           
E  Jiao 6 Ⓟ  deep,  slow,  thin,  choppy,  wiry,  tight 
Warm  Menses  & 
Dispel  Blood  Stasis Mai  Men  Dong 9  Note:  This  is  one  of  the  most  important  formulas  for  female  infertility.  Currently  Wen  Jing 
Mu  Dan  Pi 6 Tang  is  also  used  for  impotence  or  seminal  insufficiency. 
Ren  Shen 6
Sheng  Jiang 6
Ban  Xia 6
Gan  Cao 6

SHENG  HUA  TANG

Dang  Gui 24  Blood  &  Cold  stagnation  causing  postpartum  lochial  retention:  Retention  of  lochia 
Chuan  Xiong 9 accompanied  by  cold  and  pain  in  the  lower  abdomen,  Ⓣ  pale‐purple  or  pale  with  purple 
generation  and  Tao  Ren 6‐9 spots,  Ⓟ  thin,  choppy,  and  deep 
transformation  decoction Pao  Jiang 1.5
Zhi  Gan  Cao 1.5
 Note:  Should  only  be  used  in  patients  with  Blood  stasis,  Blood  deficiency  and  Cold.
Warm  Menses  &  Yellow‐wine  envoy
Dispel  Blood  Stasis

GUI  ZHI  FU  LING 

Gui  Zhi 9‐12  Blood  stasis  in  the  uterus  during  pregnancy:  Restless  fetus;  persistent  mild  uterine  bleeding 
Fu  Ling 9‐12 of  purple  or  dark  blood  during  pregnancy;  abdominal  pain  that  increases  with  pressure,         
WAN
Shao  Yao  (Bai/Chi) 9‐15 Ⓣ purple  with  dark  spots  and  white  or  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ  choppy 
cinnamon  twig  and  Mu  Dan  Pi 9‐12
poria  pill Tao  Ren 9‐12
 Blood  stasis  in  the  uterus  in  general:  Also  for  various  conditions  of  Blood  stasis  in  the 
Feng  Mi  (honey) envoy uterus  such  as  immobile  masses  in  the  lower  abdomen  with  pain  and  tenderness,  abdominal 
Warm  Menses  &  spasms  and  tension,  amenorrhea  with  abdominal  distention  and  pain,  retention  of  lochia
Dispel  Blood  Stasis

Tao  He  Cheng  Qi  Tang Xue  Fu  Zhu  Yu  Tang Gui  Zhi  Fu  Ling  Wan Wen  Jing  Tang
Blood  stasis  (UB17+SP10)  →  Ⓣ purple,  Ⓟ choppy
+  Heat  accumulation +  Qi  stagnation • +  Deficient  Cold
in  Lower  Jiao in  Chest in  Uterus in  Chong/Ren
lower  abdominal  pain chest  pain,  palpitation masses,  pregnant  bleeding irregular  menses,  infertility

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 30

 12. STOP BLEEDING
HUAI  HUA  SAN
Huai  Hua  9‐30  Rectal  bleeding  due  to  LI  Wind‐Heat  or  Damp‐Heat  Toxin:  Bleeding  from  the  rectum  during 
Ce  Bai  Ye 9‐15 defecation,  blood  in  the  stool  or  bleeding  hemorrhoids,  bleeding  that  is  profuse,  bright  in 
sophora  japonica  Jing  Jie  Sui 6‐9 color,  and  of  relatively  acute  onset,  Ⓣ  red,  Ⓟ  wiry  or  soggy,  rapid 
powder Zhi  Ke 6‐9
 Note:  Combines  stabilizing  and  dissipating  ingredients.
Clear  Heat  & 
Stop  Bleeding

E  Jiao 6  Uterine  bleeding  due  to  Chong/Ren  Deficiency‐Cold  with  Blood  deficiency:  Abdominal  pain 
JIAO  AI  TANG Ai  Ye 9 with  pale,  thin  uterine  bleeding,  long  unremitting  bleeding,  Ⓣ  pale,  Ⓟ  thin,  weak 
Sheng  Di  Huang 18  Note:  Especially  useful  for  Restless  Fetus  disorder.
ass‐hide  gelatin  and 
mugwort  decoction Dang  Gui 9
Chuan  Xiong 6
Tonify  &  Bai  Shao 12
Stop  Bleeding Gan  Cao 6

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 31

 13. CALM THE SPIRIT
Suan  Zao  Ren 15‐18  LV  Blood  &  HT  Yin  deficiency  with  Empty‐Heat:  Inability  to  sleep,  palpitations,  anxiety, 
SUAN  ZAO  REN 
Chuan  Xiong 6 irritability,  night  sweats,  dizziness  and  vertigo,  dry  throat  and  mouth,  Ⓣ  red  and  dry,         
TANG
Fu  Ling 6 Ⓟ  wiry,  thin,  rapid 
sour  jujube  decoction Zhi  Mu 6
Gan  Cao 3
 Note:  Sometimes  this  formula  is  given  half‐hour  before  bedtime  while  another  formula  is 
Nourish  Heart  given  during  the  day  to  address  the  root  of  the  problem.
&  Calm  Spirit

Huang  Lian 12  Fire  from  Yin  deficiency  affecting  Spirit:  Irritability  with  sensation  of  heat  in  chest,  insomnia, 
HUANG  LIAN  E  JIAO  Huang  Qin 6
TANG palpitations  with  anxiety,  Ⓣ  red  with  dry  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ  thin,  rapid 
E  Jiao 9  Note:  Mouth  sores  may  be  present;  Also  for  Heat  in  Blood  level  with  dysenteric  disorders 
Ji  Zi  Huang 2  yolk
coptis  and  ass‐hide  due  to  Toxic‐Heat.
gelatin  decoction Bai  Shao 6

Nourish  Heart 
&  Calm  Spirit

SHAO  YIN  –  COLD  Pattern SHAO  YIN  –  HEAT  Pattern

Chills,  a  feeling  of  cold,  lying  with  the  body  curled, 
listlessness,  desire  to  sleep,  cold  limbs,  diarrhea,  A  feeling  of  heat,  irritability,  insomnia,  dry  mouth 
and  throat  at  night,  dark  urine,  night  sweating,       
absence  of  thirst,  frequent  pale  urination,  Ⓣ  red  without  coating,  Ⓟ  thin,  rapid 
Ⓣ  pale  and  wet,  white  coating,  Ⓟ  deep,  weak,  slow
Si  Ni  Tang Huang  Lian  E  Jiao  Tang

GAN  MAI  DA  ZAO 

Fu  Xiao  Mai 9‐15  HT  Yin  deficiency  with  LV  Qi  stagnation  causing  Restless  Organ  (Zang  Zao)  syndrome:   
Gan  Cao 9 Disorientation,  frequent  attacks  of  melancholy,  crying  spells,  inability  to  control  oneself, 
TANG
Da  Zao 10p irritability,  palpitations  with  anxiety,  restless  sleep  sometimes  with  night  sweats,  frequent 
licorice,  wheat  and 
jujube  decoction bouts  of  yawning,  abnormal  behavior  and  speech  in  severe  cases,    Ⓣ  red  with  sparse  coat, 
Ⓟ  thin,  rapid 
Nourish  Heart   Note:  Fu  Xiao  Mai  is  not  as  strong  as  Xiao  Mai  for  calming  the  Shen,  so  it's  best  to 
&  Calm  Spirit
modify  this  formula  by  adding  herbs  that  calm  the  Shen.

Gan  Mai  Da  Zao  Tang Xiao  Yao  San

LV  Qi  stagnation  →  depression
HT  Yin  deficiency LV  Blood  &  SP  Qi  deficiency
melancholy,  irregular  menses, 
Ⓣ red,  no  coat  Ⓟ thin,  rapid Ⓣ pale‐red  Ⓟ wiry,  empty

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 32

 14. EXPEL WIND
Jing  Jie 3  Wind‐Damp‐Heat  in  the  skin  causing  pruritis:  Weepy,  itchy,  red  skin  lesions  over  a  large  part 
XIAO  FENG  SAN Fang  Feng 3 of  the  body,  Ⓣ  yellow  or  white  coat,  Ⓟ  full,  floating,  rapid 
Niu  Bang  Zi 3  Note:  This  formula  is  suitable  for  acute  or  subacute  conditions;  it's  not  suitable  for  chronic 
eliminate  wind  powder  Chan  Tui 3
from  true  lineage Cang  Zhu 3
conditions,  and  must  be  combined  or  modified  in  order  to  treat  the  root. 
Release  Wind  from  Skin  Ku  Shen 3
&  Channels Mu  Tong 1.5
Shi  Gao 3
Zhi  Mu 3
Sheng  Di  Huang  3
Dang  Gui 3
Hei  Zhi  Ma 3
Gan  Cao 1.5

King Deputy  1 Deputy  2 Assistant

 Jing  Jie  Cang  Zhu  Shi  Gao  Sheng  Di
 Fang  Feng  Ku  Shen  Zhi  Mu  Dang  Gui
 Niu  Bang  Zi  Mu  Tong  Hei  Zhi  Ma
 Chan  Tui

Wind Damp Heat Blood

XIAO  HUO  LUO  DAN

Zhi  Cao  Wu 180  Wind‐Phlegm  obstruction  +  Blood  stasis  in  the  channels:  Chronic  pain,  weakness  and 
Zhi  Chuan  Wu 180 numbness  after  wind‐stroke,  especially  in  the  lower  extremities,  Ⓣ  white  moist  coat,           
minor  invigorate  the  Tian  Nan  Xing 180 Ⓟ  wiry,  slippery 
collaterals  special  pill Mo  Yao 66
Ru  Xiang 66
 Wind‐Cold‐Damp  Bi  syndrome:  Fixed  or  migrating  pain  in  the  bones  or  joints,  reduced  range 
Release  Wind  from  Skin  Di  Long 180 of  motion,  the  symptoms  are  aggravated  by  cold.
&  Channels

Xiao  Huo  Luo  Dan Du  Huo  Ji  Sheng  Tang*

Wind‐Cold‐Damp  Bi  syndrome
Acute  Bi:  excess  Chronic  Bi:  deficiency 
(Wind‐Phlegm  +  Blood  stasis) (LV/KD  &  Qi/Blood  deficiency)

ZHEN  GAN  XI  FENG 

Huai  Niu  Xi 30  LV  Yang  rising  &  internal  Wind  due  to  LV/KD  Yin  deficiency:  Severe  dizziness  and  vertigo, 
Dai  Zhe  Shi 30 disorientation,  sudden  loss  of  consciousness,  motor  dysfunction  of  the  limbs  and  trunk  or 
TANG
Long  Gu 15 facial  paralysis,  flushed  face  as  if  intoxicated,  Ⓟ  wiry,  long,  full 
sedate  the  liver  and  Mu  Li 15
extinguish  wind  Gui  Ban 15
 Note:  These  symptoms  are  a  precursor  to  Wind‐stroke.  This  formula  treats  both  the 
decoction Xuan  Shen 15 manifestation  and  the  root.
Extinguish  Internal  Wind Tian  Men  Dong 15
Bai  Shao 15
Yin  Chen  Hao 6
Chuan  Lian  Zi 6 Zhen  Gan  Xi  Feng  Tang Tian  Ma  Gou  Teng  Yin
Mai  Ya 6
Gan  Cao 4.5 LV  Yang  rising  with  internal  Wind
50%  excess  +  50%  deficiency 90%  excess  +  10%  deficiency
Tonify  to  treat  symptoms Sedate  to  treat  symptoms

Tian  Ma 9  LV  Yang  rising:  Headache,  dizziness,  vertigo,  tinnitus,  blurred  vision,  sensation  of  heat  rushing 
TIAN  MA  GOU  TENG  Gou  Teng 12‐15 to  the  head,  insomnia,  dream  disturbed  sleep,  Ⓣ  red  with  yellow  coat,  Ⓟ wiry,  rapid 
YIN Shi  Jue  Ming 18‐24  LV  Yang  rising  causing  internal  Wind:  Numbness,  twitching,  spasms,  or  hemiplegia
Zhi  Zi 9
gastrodia  and  uncaria  Huang  Qin 9
 Note:  One  of  the  most  frequently  used  formulas  for  hypertension.
decoction Yi  Mu  Cao 9‐12
Extinguish  Internal  Wind Chuan  Niu  Xi 12
Du  Zhong 9‐12
Sang  Ji  Sheng 9‐24
Ye  Jiao  Teng 9‐30
Fu  Shen 9‐15

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 33

 15. REDUCE FOOD RETENTION
Shan  Zha 9‐15  Food  retention  in  the  Middle  Jiao:  Focal  distention  and  fullness  in  the  chest  and 
BAO  HE  WAN Shen  Qu 9‐12 epigastrium,  abdominal  distention  with  occasional  pain,  rotten  smelling  belching,  acid 
Lai  Fu  Zi 6‐9 regurgitation,  nausea  and  vomiting,  aversion  to  food,  possibly  diarrhea,  Ⓣ  yellow  greasy 
preserve  harmony  pill
Ban  Xia 9‐12
Chen  Pi 6‐9
coat,  Ⓟ  slippery 
Reduce  Food  Retention
Fu  Ling 9‐12  Note:  Bao  He  Wan  does  not  address  any  underlying  disorder.  It  will  provide  quick  relief, 
Lian  Qiao 3‐6 but  another  formula  must  be  used  to  address  the  root  of  the  condition.
Mai  Ya  (tea) 6‐9

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 34

 16. STABILIZE AND BIND
YU  PING  FENG  SAN Huang  Qi 30  Wei  Qi  deficiency  causing  sweating:  Aversion  to  drafts,  spontaneous  sweating,  recurrent 
Bai  Zhu 60 colds,  shiny  and  pale  complexion,  Ⓣ  pale  with  white  coat,  Ⓟ  empty 
jade  windscreen  powder Fang  Feng 60  Note:  In  modern  practice  this  formula  is  often  used  in  combination  with  herbs  to  open  the 
Stabilize  nasal  orifice  for  allergic  rhinitis.
Exterior  &  Lung

Yu  Ping  Feng  San Gui  Zhi  Tang

Sweating  with  deficiency  syndrome
Wei  Qi  deficiency;  recurrent  colds Ying  &  Wei  disharmony;  chills/fever

DANG  GUI  LIU 

Dang  Gui 6‐9  Yin  Deficiency  with  Empty‐Heat  causing  night  sweats:  Fever,  night  sweats,  red  face,  dry 
Sheng  Di  Huang  9‐15 mouth  and  parched  lips,  irritability,  dry  stools,  dark  and  scanty  urine,  Ⓣ  red,  dry,  Ⓟ  rapid 
HUANG  TANG
Shu  Di  Huang 9‐15  Note:  Also  for  LU  consumption,  Steaming  Bone  disorder  or  chronic  nosebleeds.
tangkeui  and  six‐yellow  Huang  Lian 3‐6
decoction Huang  Qin 6‐12
Huang  Bai 6‐12
Stabilize 
Exterior  &  Lung Huang  Qi 12‐24

SI  SHEN  WAN

Bu  Gu  Zhi 120  SP/KD  Yang  deficiency  causing  daybreak  diarrhea:  Diarrhea  which  occurs  just  before  sunrise, 
Rou  Dou  Kou 60 lack  of  interest  in  food  and  inability  to  digest  what  is  eaten,  soreness  of  the  lower  back 
four‐miracle  pill Wu  Zhu  Yu 30 with  cold  limbs,  fatigue,  lethargy,  abdominal  pain,  Ⓣ  pale  with  thin  white  coat,  Ⓟ  deep, 
Wu  Wei  Zi 60
Restrain  Leakage  from  Sheng  Jiang 240
slow  and  weak
Intestines Da  Zao 100p  Note:  Applicable  for  chronic  colitis,  chronic  dysentery,  tuberculosis  of  the  colon,  allergic 
colitis.

Si  Shen  Wan Li  Zhong  Wan

Chronic  diarrhea  due  to  Yang  deficiency
Tonify  SP/KD  Yang  +  Astringent Tonify  SP  Yang  only

JIN  SUO  GU  JING  Sha  Yuan  Zi 60  Spermatorrhea  due  to  KD  deficiency:  Chronic  spermatorrhea,  impotence,  frequent  urination 
WAN Lian  Zi 120 to  the  point  of  incontinence,  fatigue  and  weakness,  sore  and  weak  limbs,  lower  back  pain, 
Qian  Shi 60 tinnitus,  Ⓣ  pale,  Ⓟ  thin,  weak 
metal  lock  pill  to  Long  Gu  (Duan) 30
stabilize  the  essence Mu  Li  (Duan) 30
 Note:  Has  been  used  to  treat  myasthenia  gravis.
Stabilize  Kidney Lian  Xu 60

GU  JING  WAN Gui  Ban 30  Constrained  LV  Fire  injuring  Chong  &  Ren  causing  Beng‐Lou  syndrome:  Continuous 
Bai  Shao 30 menstruation  or  uterine  bleeding  that  alternates  between  trickling  and  gushing  with  very  red 
stabilize  the  menses  pill Huang  Qin 30 blood  and  possibly  purple  clots,  sensation  of  heat  and  irritability  in  the  chest,  abdominal 
Huang  Bai 9
Stabilize  Womb
Xiang  Fu 7.5
pain,  dark  urine,  Ⓣ  red,  Ⓟ  rapid,  wiry 
Chun  Pi 21  Note:  The  Yin  deficiency  of  this  condition  is  overshadowed  by  the  Heat;  Basic  Questions 
described  it  as  "deficient  Yin  and  belligerent  Yang."

Gu  Jing  Wan Wen  Jing  Tang

Continuous  menstruation  or  uterine  bleeding
LV  Fire  →  Yin  deficient‐Heat Deficient‐Cold  +  Blood  stasis

WAN  DAI  TANG Bai  Zhu  (Chao) 30  Leukorrhea  due  to  Dai  Mai  &  SP  deficiency  with  Damp/Qi  stagnation:  Profuse,  thin,  white  or 
Shan  Yao  (Chao) 30 pale‐yellow  vaginal  discharge,  loose  stools,  fatigue,  shiny  and  pale  face,  Ⓣ  pale  with  white 
end  discharge  decoction Ren  Shen 6 coat,  Ⓟ  soggy,  weak 
Cang  Zhu 9
Stabilize  Womb
Chen  Pi 1.5
 Note:  Also  for  edema  during  menstruation  or  pregnancy.
Che  Qian  Zi 9
Chai  Hu 1.8
Bai  Shao 15 Wan  Dai  Tang Yi  Huang  San*
Jing  Jie  Sui  (Tan) 1.5
Gan  Cao 3 Stop  vaginal  discharge
Dai/SP  deficiency  +  Damp  +  Qi  stagnation  SP  deficiency  +  Damp‐Heat
→  white  discharge,  non‐fetid →  yellow  discharge,  fetid

*The  asterisk  formulas  are  presented  for  comparison  purpose  only.     

ⓒ HB  Kim,  2011 35

694 BIBLIOGRAPHY

BIBLIOGRAPHY

TITLE (C INITIAL) AUTHOR PUBLISHER

1 Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion (Revised Edition) c CAM Cheng, X. (Eds.) (1999)
Beijing, China: Foreign Languages
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2
The Foundations of Chinese Medicine (2nd Edition)
c FCM Maciocia, G. (2005) Elsevier Churchill Livingstone

3 The Web That Has No Weaver (Revised Edition) c WEB

Ted J. Kaptchuk, O.M.D.
(2DOO)
Contemporary

4 Tongue Diagnosis in Chinese Medicine (Revised Edition) Maciocia, G., (1995) Seattle, WA: Eastland Press

Bensky, D. & Barolet, R.

5 Chinese Herbal Medicine: Formulas & Strategies Seattle, WA: Eastland Press
(1990)
Bensky, D. & Gamble, A.
6 Chinese Herbal Medicine: Materia Medica (Third Edition) Seattle, WA: Eastland Press
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7 A Manual of Acupuncture c MNL

Deadman, P. & AI-Khafaji,
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Shanghai College of TCM
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Ni, M. & McNease, C. Los Angeles: SevenStar

9 The Tao of Nutrition: New and Expanded Edition
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10 Practical Diagnosis in Traditional Chinese Medicine c PRO Deng, T. (Eds.) (1999) New York: Churchill Livingstone

s::0
11 Acupuncture Case Histories from China c ACH Chen Jurui; Nissi Wang Seattle, WA: Eastland Press

0 Ellis, Andrew, Wiseman,

m 12 Grasping the Wind (Acupuncture point names) Nigel, Boss, Ken (1989) Paradigm Publications
"'z
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a
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John K. Chen, Tina T. Chen

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17 Revolution of Oriental Medicine (Clinical Application) Hong Kyung Kim (1994) Sin Nong Back Cho

18 Qpuncture 1,2 Qpuncture Inc. (2000) Anaheim, Qpuncture, Inc.

19 Qdex Qpuncture Inc. (2006) Anaheim, Qpuncture, Inc.

Bruce H. Robinson, MD
20 Biomedicine (A Textbook for Practitioners of Oriental Medicine) Blue Poppy Press
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Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams
21 Lippincott's Nursing Drug Guide Karch, A. (2005)
and Wilkins
Bickley, L. & Szilagyi, P. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams
22 Physical Examination and History Taking (8th Edition) (2003) and Wilkins

California Acupuncture Sacramento, CA: California

23 Laws and Regulations Relating to the Practice of Acupuncture Board (2004) Acupuncture Board
National Acupuncture Washington, DC: National
24 Clean Needle Technique Manual (5th Edition) Foundation (2003) Acupuncture Foundation

25 Inner Classic of the Yellow Emperor Nei Jing (1963) Beijing: People's Press

Shanghai: Shanghai Commercial

:1> 26 Collected Commentaries on the Nan Jing Wang Jiu-Ssi (1955)
z Press
n
;;;
z-1 27 Pulse Studies of the Lakeside Master with Vernacular Explanation Li Shi-Zhen (1972) Beijing: People's Press

n
E 28 Great Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Yang Ji-Zhou (1973) Beijing: People's Press

"'
n
Encyclopedia of the Traditional Chinese Medical Terms
Jiangsu New Medical
Shanghai: People's Press
"' 29 Institute (1977)

30 Dong E Bo Gam Hur, Joon (1971) Seoul: Nam San Dang

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