Ch.

10 Optical Instruments

CHAPTER-10
Optical Instruments
S

Q.1: Define linear magnification.

Ans: It is defined as: the ratio between the size of image and size of object is called linear
magnification.
Q.2: Define angular magnification.
Ans: It is defined as: the ratio between the angle formed at the eye by an object when it is
seen through a lens and the angle formed by the object at the unaided eye.
Q.3: How convex lens is used as magnifier?
Ans: A convex lens of short focal length can be used as a magnifier if object is placed within
its focal length.
Q.4: What is resolving power of an instrument?
Ans: The resolving power of an instrument is its ability to disclose the minor details of the
object under observation.
Q.5: Why would it be advantageous to use blue light with a compound micrscope?
Ans: Because blue light is of short focal length, so it produces less diffraction, increases
resolving power and more details of the object can be seen easily.
Q.6: Why the image seen in a cheap microscope has coloured edges?
Ans: The image seen in the cheap microscope has colored edges due to defect of the lens
known as chromatic aberration. Lens is like a prism, when a white light is passed through a
convex lens, it is dispersed into seven colors and makes the image colored.
Q.7: If a person is looking through a telescope at a full moon, how would the
appearance of the moon be changed by covering half of the objective lens?
Ans: When objective lens is half covered the intensity of light becomes half. The person will
be able to see the full moon but its brightness will reduce.
Q.8: How the signal is transmitted through optical fibre.
Ans: The signal of light through optical fiber can be transmitted in two ways:
Total internal reflection
Continuous refraction
Q.9: What is least distance of distinct vision?
Ans: The minimum distance from an eye at which small objects are clearly visible, is called
least distance of distinct vision. It is denoted by d.
Q.10: What is index of refraction?
Ans: It is defined as the ratio of speed of light in vacuum to the speed of light in the medium.
Medium could be air, glass, water etc.
Q.11: Define critical angle.
Ans: It is the angle of incidence in the denser medium for which the angle of refraction in the
rare medium is equal to 90o.
Q.12: Define total internal reflection.
Ans: When the angle of incidence becomes greater than the critical angle of that medium, the
incident ray is reflected in the same medium, it is called total internal reflection.

Notes by: Tariq Mehmood

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