Psych 1 Review lecture June 5, 2014

Motivation
-Temporal discounting extrinsic
- Writing down reasons why you want to do something intrinsic
Ex: There is a big football game coming up this weekend. It is the high school championship and Jeff, Chris,
and Matt are all looking forward to it. Each is individually motivated to play to the best of their ability. Identify
then motivation theory that best fits each boys motivation
Drive theory because he is looking to release tension and aggression
Ex: Jeff has been studying all week for his upcoming midterm, he has been looking forward to the game in
order to release some built up tension and aggression
arousal
Maslow
- physiological: food, oxygen, sleep
- safety: shelter, warmth, security of body morality and family
- belongingness and love needs : interaction
- esteem: confidence, respect
- need for self-actualization: having meaningful goals
Social Psychology
-Social perception includes evaluating others and impression formation
-Impression formation: an automatic judgment/categorization of an individual
-First impressions not always accurate
-Primacy effect: occurs when we are influenced by initial information about a person
-Self-filling prophecy: a persons expectation of another person can lead to its own fulfillment
-Attribution: explaining behavior; two types: dispositional & situational
- Normative influence: desire to want to be accepted by social peers
Emotion, Stress, and Coping
-Three theories of emotion
1) james-lange: emotion stems form the physiological arousal that is triggered by an emotion-eliciting
stimulus
2) cannon-bard: an emotion-eliciting stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological arousal and
experience of emotion
3) modern biopsychological view of emotion: perception, physiological reactions, and emotional
experience (feelings) are mutually influential
-Three components of emotion
1) physiological processes: autonomic nervous system & amygdala
2) expressive behavior: nonverbal communication and sensory feedback
3) cognitive appraisal: is the environmental event a threat? How someone decides to deal with this
threat?
Psychological disorders and treatments
- In the stone age, psychological abnormalities were seen as a cause of work of evil spirits. Treatments:
exorcism and trephination

In ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, abnormalities were seen as a cause of wandering uterus.
Treatments aimed at physical, internal healing
In the middle age, psychological abnormalities were seen as a cause of witchcraft and demonic/animal
possession. Treatments were exorcisms, torturing, etc
Renaissance: Asylums were institutions whose purpose was to care for the mentally ill, but were ill
equipped.
In the early 20th century: somatogenic was the belief that ailments are internal and biological.
Psychological was the belief that problem is in the psyche/mind
Specific phobia symptoms: irrational fear, avoidance, etc. It is the persistent fear of specific objects or
situations
Panic disorder: feel like youre having a heart attack
Major depressive disorder: have 5 or more symptoms lasting two or more weeks.
Positive: presence of behavior not typical. Behaviors most people dont experience (hullicinations etc)