RACE AND ETHNICITY.

Race can be defined as the social construct of people in terms of one more physical
marker, usually with profound effects on their lives.
Many people dont really understand the real concept of race. Some people believe
race is biological. They give the name race to situations like being black means
youre the best in sports as a whole, also being in an immigrant in place doesnt
mean it affects youre IQ.
PREJUDICE
An attitude that judges a person on his person based on his or her group real or
imagined characteristics.
DISCRIMINATION
Unfair treatment of people who belonged to a group.
SCAPEGOAT: is a person or category of people who others blame for their own
problems
VICIOUS CIRCLE ON RACISM
Physical markers distinguished people based on colonialism, slavery etc. they
create social inequality
However the superordinate and subordinate start the to create behavioral
differences between each other
This then creates racial stereotypes that get embedded in the culture.
ETHNIC GROUP
This comprises of people perceived by cultural markers and are deemed significant
Cultural distinctions are not the cause of behaviors between ethnical groups.
<Culture doesnt affect economic success>.
Note: biological and cultural aspects of race and ethnicity are secondary to
their sociological character when its comes to social inequality.
SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM, RACE AND ETHNICAL RELATIONS.
LABELS AND IDENTITY
Symbolic internationalists emphasize that the outsiders label a group of
people or people who have an ethnical identity. The group of people accepts
it, rejects or modifies it. The negotiation between this insiders and outsiders
creates a new ethnical identity.
IMPOSITION VERSUS CHOICE
An example of this is the blacks; they are still imposed their ethnical identity.
And the Irish who have the choice to choose to celebrate st.patricks day or not.
SYMBOLIC ETHNICITY
A nostalgic allegiance to the culture of immigrant generation, or that old
country, that is not usually incorporated in everyday behavior.
RACISM
The belief that visible characteristics of a group such as skin color indicates
inferiority and justice discrimination.
INSTITUTIONAL RACISM
Bias that is inherent in social institutions and is often noticed by members of
the majority of the group.
CONFLICT THEORIES OF RACE AND RELATIONS
COLONIALISM
Involves people from a country invading another country by taking over
basically everything and being inferior to the natives of the country.
INTERNAL COLONIALISM
Its more or less like settler economies that are, preventing the assimilation of
subordinate racial groups residentially, occupationally and in social contacts
ranging from friendship to marriage.
This is about Canadas aboriginal people, how they were colonized
EXPULSION

Its a forcible removal of a population from a territory claimed by another

population. e.g. british people taking over
GENOCIDE
The international extermination of the entire population defined as a race or
people.
CONQUEST
The forcible capture of land and economic and political domination of its
inhabitants.
Canadians also experience conquest in the sense that its it was divide into two
French and English speaking parts and the this cause conflict so there wanted
to be modernization failed to resolve some issues which are;
Demographical decline: fewer children
Assimilation of immigrants into the English culture: new immigrants to
learn English language
Persistent ethic stratification
The continued use of English language in private industry
BLACK CANADIANS: they came as a result of slaves trade amongst the
British people, which stopped 30 years later
SPLIT LABOUR MARKETS AND ASIAN CANADIANS
Exists where low wage worked of one race compete for the same jobs.in
situation, high wageworkers are likely to resent the presence of low wage
competitors. Conflict is bound to result and racists attitude or become
reinenforced.
SOME ADVANTAGES OF ETHNICITY
Conflict theories emphasized on the social forces.
FACTORS THAT ENHANCE THE VALUE OF CONTINUED ETHNIC GROUP
MEMBERSHIP
Its helps people to remain ethnic
Politically it encourages bilingualism.
Its provides emotional support thats is sharing the same language makes you
happy as well as building stronger ties
TRANSITIONAL COMMMUNITIEs
Communities in which boundaries extend btw or amg other countries
PLURALISM
The retention of cultures and ability to use the social resources.
EMPLOYMENT EQUITY
A policy that gives preference to minority group members if equally qualified
people are available for the position