San Carlos de Guatemala University

Engineering School
Sciences Department

Technical Language Area

Technical Language 2
Date:____________________
Section:

Worksheet No. 1 (Ecology)

ID:___________________________ Name: _________________________________________________________

ID:___________________________ Name: _________________________________________________________
ID:___________________________ Name: _________________________________________________________

A.

Guess the answers of the following quiz.

Ecology is the study of

environmental systems

Physiological ecology

non-living parts of the world

both

The discipline that has as objective to follow the energy and material used throughout the process of
fabrication in order to improve the efficiency of manufacturing is
Manufacturing Ecology

Evolutionary ecology

Ecology includes the analysis and study of

living parts of the world

both

The area of ecology that focuses on attempting to understand how natural selection develop the
structure and function of the organism and ecosystems is
Ecosystems ecology

the economy of nature

Industrial Ecology

Processes

Which is the principal objective of most ecologists

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

B.

Read the following sentences. Complete each sentence with one of the words in the box.
biodiversity
sewage
pollutants
deforestation
contamination
reservoirs
morbidity
streams

habitat
species
Air Pollution

Ecotoxicology
tillage
sedimentation
temperature

_________________ is the
of ecologyand toxicology.

_________________ is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or microscopic organisms

into the atmosphere; in particular, when concentrations of those substances cause adverse metabolic
change to humans or other species.

The most common and widespread air _________________ include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide,
nitrogen oxides and particulate matter.

environmental

science

sub-discipline

that

melds

the

fields

Indoor air pollution is a significant source of human death and diseasemortality and
_________________through indoor burning of wood and charcoal (especially in developing
countries), tobacco smoking, radon trapping and a host of chemical substances found in paints,
printing supplies and cleaning products.

Thermal pollution is the act of altering the _________________ of a natural water body, which may be
a river, lake or ocean environment.

The concept is most frequently discussed in the context of elevating natural water temperature, but
may also be caused by the release of cooler water from the base of _________________ into warmer
rivers.

Elevated river temperatures can also arise from _________________ or urbanization that can
reduce _________________.

There can be significant environmental consequences of thermal pollution with respect to surface
receiving waters such as rivers and lakes; in particular, decrease in _________________ and creation of
an environment hospitable to alien aquatic species may occur.

An alien species is an organism that finds itself in a new geographic location or _________________.
Many of these species arrive in the new location due to inadvertent human activities such as shipping
or agriculture, although many are purposefully introduced for food cultivation or for attempts (usually
misguided) at ecological intervention.

Water pollution is the _________________ of natural water bodies by chemical, physical, radioactive
or pathogenic microbial substances.

Widespread consequences of water pollution upon ecosystems include _________________

mortality, biodiversity reduction and loss of ecosystem services.

Some water pollution may occur from natural causes such as _________________ from severe rainfall
events; however, natural causes, including volcanic eruptions and algae blooms from natural causes
constitute a minute amount of the instances of worldwide water pollution.

The most problematic of water pollutants are microbes that induce disease, since their sources may
be construed as natural, but a preponderance of these instances result from human intervention in
the environment (such as discharge of raw _________________) or human overpopulation
phenomena.

One of the chief causes of water pollution is agricultural activity where _________________ practices,
fertilizer, pesticide and herbicide use create massive amounts of sedimentation and chemical
discharge to natural waters.