Professional Documents
Culture Documents
: PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
COURSE CODE
: CHM 270
TITLE
NUMBER OF
EXPERIMENT
STUDENTS
NAME
:1
STUDENTS
ID NUMBER
: 20142227008
LECTURERS
NAME
DATE OF
PERFORMED
EXPERIMENT
: 27 JANUARY 2015
DATE OF
REPORT
SUBMISSION
: 02 FEBRUARY 2015
GROUP
: A4AS120226
OBJECTIVE:
INTRODUCTION:
Acid defined a substance that yields hydrogen ions H when dissolved in water .
when dissolved in
water . Then , buffer solution defined as a solution of a weak acid or base and its salt ;
both components must be present . The solution has the ability to resist changes in pH
upon the addition of small amounts of either acid or base . The pH of a solution is
defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration (in mol/L) .
The easiest way to determine whether a substance is an acidic or a base is by
using and indicator , an organic molecule that changes colour when dipped in an acid
or a base In order to determine the pH of the solution , a universal indicator could be
used in which the solution containing the indicator would give a coloured solution that
depends on the concentration of
+
H ion present in the solution . The pH of the
solution could then be determined by comparing the colour of the solution with the
colour of the solution with the colour on the pH chart .
APPARATUS:
CHEMICALS:
a2
l3
O3
, 0.1 M HN
O3
H3
H4
Cl . 0.1 M N
H4
PROCEDURE:
0.1 M N
H4
Cl
0.1 M N
H4
OH
0.05 M N
O3
0.1 M HCl
0.1 M AlC
l3
0.1 M HN
O3
0.1 M C
H3
COOH
0.1 M NaCl
0.1 M C
H3
COONa
2. The pH paper of each solution tested had been determined by comparing their
colours with the pH colour chart that had been given by the label on the bottle .
As for the pH paper, compare the colour paper with the pH colour chart on the
box that had been labelled .
3. The observation had been recorded in table 1.1 .
H3
H3
universal indicator had been added and the beaker shook well . The colour of
the solution and the pH of the buffer solution were recorded .
2. The buffer solution had been divided into two equal portion :
To one of the portion :
a) 1 mL 0.1 M HCl was added . The pH using the universal indicator
had been recorded .
b) Another 4 mL 0.1 M HCl was added . The pH using the universal
indicator had been recorded .
To the second portion :
a) 1 mL 0.1 M NaOH was added . The pH using the universal indicator
had been recorded .
b) Another 4 mL 0.1 M NaOH was added . The pH using the universal
indicator had been recorded .
3. The observation had been recorded in table 1.2 .
DATA:
0.05 M N
pH
7
6
11
13
OH
purple
Colourless
Colourless
1
1
Colourless
Colourless
Colourless
6
7
Colourless
Colourless
O3
H4
0.1 M N
0.1 M HCl
O3
0.1 M HN
0.1 M C
H3
COOH
0.1 M NaCl
0.1 M C
H3
COONa
0.1 M N
H4
0.1 M AlC
Cl
l3
pH
25 mL 0.1 M C
H3
COOH +
25 mL 0.1 M C
H3
COONa
No change
No change
No change
4.5
No change
No change
QUESTION:
1. State whether the following solutions is acidic , basic or neutral and explain
your answer .
a) 0.05 M N
a2
O3
a2
O3
a universal indicator was dropped into this solution , the colour of the solution
turned out no blue colour which was indicated as pH 9 . The common pH for
basic solution is higher than pH 7 .
b) 0.1 M C
H3
COONa
H3
c) 0.1 M AlC
l3
l3
DISCUSSION:
As we expected the colour changes of the solutions in order to determine the pH of the
solutions by using the universal indicator . After we measured the pH of each of the
solution , the pH value for acidic solution is 6 and below this indicated that tap water ,
0.1 M HCl , 0.1 M HN
and 0.1 M AlC
l3
O3
, 0.1 M C
H3
H4
Cl
above which was shown as the result for the 0.1 M NaOH and 0.05 M N
a2
O3
Besides the solutions that came out for the neutral solution was distilled water , 0.1 M
N
H4
OH and 0.1 M C
H3
solution that we used in this experiment did not make a lot of changes for the pH of
the solutions , because it is used to keep pH at a nearly constant value .
From this experiment the weakness of the universal indicator can be obtained
because in order to get more accurate pH of the solution , the exact pH pH of the
solution cannot be measured using the pH indicator it is better use pH meter as well .
CONCLUSION:
To measure the acid-basic degree of a substance, we can use pH papers like litmus
paper, indicators like phenolphthalein, and electronic pH meters . As the result from
this experiment that had be done above , it conclude that universal indicator are
beneficial in determining the pH of the solution in order to differentiate between
acidic , base and buffer solutions .
REFERENCES: