In Sunny Spain (1882-1885)

Rizals Secret Mission

This mission which Rizal conceived with

the approval of his brother Paciano was to
observe keenly the following:
1. Life and culture
2. Language and customs
3. Industries and commerce, and
4. Government and Laws of European
nations

Passengers were British, French, Dutch,

Spaniards, Malays, Siamese, and Filipinos
(MR. & MRS SALAZAR, VICENTE PARDO,)
May 17, DJEMNAH reached Point de Galle,
seacoast town of CEYLON (Sri Lanka)
May 18, they anchored in Colombo, the
capital of Ceylon

FIRTS TRIP THROUGH THE SUEZ CANAL

Secret Departure for Spain

From Colombo , the Djemnah continued the

voyage crossing the Indian Ocean to the Cape of
Guardafui, Africa.

Rizals departure in Spain was kept secret to

avoid detection by the Spanish authorities and
the friars.

Next stop over ADEN he went sightseeing, was

hotter than Manila, and saw CAMELS for the first
time

The Jesuits gave him letters of recommendation

to members of their society in Barcelona

From ADEN to the city of SUEZ, the Red Sea

terminal of the Suez Canal

He used the surname MERCADO

It took 5 days for the Djemnah to traverse the

Suez Canal.

On May 3, 1882, he departed on board Spanish

steamer Salvadora for Singapore
SINGAPORE
There were 16 passengers on board (5 or 6
ladies, many children and the rest gentlemen).
He was the only Filipino, the rest were Spaniards,
British and Indian Negroes
Ship captain DONATO LECHA, from Asturias
Spain, befriended him

FERDINAND de LESSEPS - French Diplomat

engineer who built the Suez canal
NAPLES AND MARSEILLES
On June 11, Rizal reached Naples.
He was fascinated by MT. VESUVIUS, CASTLE OF
ST. TELMO and other historic sights of the city
On June 12 the steamer docked at the French
harbor Merseilles.

On May 8, while approaching Singapore, he saw it

was beautiful and was reminded of Talim Island
and Susong Dalaga

Rizal give his final farewell to his fellow

passengers, and dismebarked.

May 9, 1882 they docked and registered at Hotel

de la Paz and stayed 2 days

He visited the famous CHATEAU DE IF where

DANTES, the hero of the COUNT OF MONTE
CRISTO was imprisoned

He saw the famous Botanical Garden, Buddhist

temples, shopping district and the statue of SIR
THOMAS STANFORD RAFFLES (founder of
Singapore)
FROM SINGAPORE TO COLOMBO
Djemnah

A French steamer which left Singapore for

Europe on May 11
It was a larger and cleaner vessel which
carried more passengers.

He stayed in Marseilles for 2 days

BARCELONA
They left Marseilles on May 15, and crossed the
Pyrennes. After the passport inspection at PORTBOU, he continued his trip by train reaching his
final destination BARCELONA, June 16, 1882
Rizals first impression to Barcelona was
unfavorable. But he changed his impression and
came to like the city.

LAS RAMBLAS - the most famous street in

Barcelona.
The Ateneans tendered a party for Rizal at the
CAFE PLAZE DE CATALUNA.
AMOR PATRIO (Love of Country)

Nationalistic poem written by Rizal.

Was written in Spains soil.
Like in A LA JUVENTUD FILIPINA HE
URGED COMPATRIOTS TO LOVE THEIR
FATHERLAND

BASILIO TEODORO MORAN

Publisher of DIARIONG TAGALOG, first

bilingual newspaper (Tagalog and Spanish)
Deeply impressed by AMOR PATRIO,
congratulated and requested Rizal for
more articles.

Rizals pen-name was LAONG LAAN

It was originally written by Rizal in Spanish. The
Tagalog text was written by Marcelo H. Del Pilar
Rizals second article was entitled Los Viajes
(Travels)
Rizals third article Revisita de Madrid (Review of
Madrid) November 29, 1882, was returned to him
becuase the Diariong Tagalog ceased puiblication
MANILA MOVES TO MADRID
While in Barcelona, Rizal received sad news about
the Cholera that was ravaging Manila and the
province. Many people died and more were dying
daily.
On May 26, 1882 (letter) Paciano advised Rizal to
finish medical course in Madrid
LIFE IN MADRID
On November 3, 1882 Rizal was enrolled in
Universidad Central de Madrid for two courses.
1. Medicine
2. Philosophy and letters
Studied painting and sculpture in the Academy of
Fine Arts of San Fernando
Practiced Fencing and shooting in the Hall of
Arms of Sanz y Carbonell

He led a Spartan life in Madrid

He lived frugally Spending Money on Food,
Clothing, Lodging and Books. He never spent
money or peseta for Gambling, wine and women.
He, however would buy lottery ticket.
On Saturdays, he visited the home of DON PABLO
ORTEGA y REY, with children (RAFAEL and
CONSUELO)
Don Pablo had been CITY MAYOR OF MANILA
(during the term of GOV. GEN. CARLOS MA. DE LA
TORRE -1869-71, later appointed as Vice
President of the Council of the Philippines in the
Minsitry of Colonies ULTRAMA).
ROMANCE WITH CONSUELO ORTEGA Y
PEREZ
Rizal, being a lonely young man in a foreign
country, was attracted by Consuelos beauty and
vivacity.
On September 22, 1883 , he wrote a poem A LA
SENORITA C.O. Y P (To Miss C.O. Y P), he
expressed his admiration for her. He found solace
and joy in her company
Before the relationship could blossom he backed
out:
1. He was still engaged to LEONOR
RIVERA
2. His friend and co-worker in the
Propaganda Movement, EDUARDO de
LETE, was madly in love with Consuelo
and he has no reason to break their
relationship because of a pretty girl
THEY ASKED ME FOR VERSES
1882 after his arrival in Madrid, Rizal joined the
Circulo Hispano-Filipino, a society of Spaniards
and Filipinos.
Upon the request of the members of the society,
he wrote a letter entitled Me Piden Versos They
ask me for Verses. In this poem, he poured out
the cry of his agonizing heart.
RIZAL AS LOVER OF BOOKS
He economize on living expenses in order to buy
second-hand books in the store owned by SENOR
ROSES

Rizal was deeply affected by the Book of Beecher

Stowe:
1. Uncle Toms Cabin
2. Eugene Sues The Wandering Jew
These 2 books aroused his sympathy for the
oppressed and unfortunate people
RIZALS FIRST VISIT TO PARIS
He initially stayed at the HOTEL DE PARIS 37 Rue
de Maubange, but moved to a cheaper one on
124 Rue de Rennes
He was mistaken as a Japanese by Parisians
He said to his Family Paris is the costliest Capital
in Europe
RIZAL AS A MASON
In Spain Rizal came in close contact with
prominent Spanish and republican Spaniards, who
were mostly Masons like:
1. Miguel Morayta- statesman, professor,
historian, and writer
2. Francisco Pi y Margal Journalist,
Stateman, and former President of shortlived FIRST SPANISH REPUBLIC
3. Manuel Becera - Minister of Colonies
(Ultramar)
4. Emilio Junoy Journalist and member of
the Spanish Cortes
5. Juan Ruiz Zorilla Parliamentarian and
Head of the Republican Progressive Party
in Madrid
In due time he became a Mason on March 1883,
joining ACACIA LODGE in Madrid
He transferred to LODGE SOLIDARIDAD (Madrid)
and became MASTER MASON on November 15,
1892
In February 15, 1892 he was awarded the
diploma as MASTER MASON BY LE GRAND ORIENT
DE FRANCE in Paris
As a Mason he played a rather lukewarm role in
the FREEMASONRY, unlike M.H. Del Pilar, G. Lopez
Jaena, and Mariano Ponce who were very active
His only Masonic writing was a lecture entiled
SCIENCE, VIRTUE AND LABOR, which he
delivered in 1889 at Lodge Solidaridad, Madrid

FINANCIAL WORRIES
After Rizals departure for Spain, things turned
from Bad to worse in Calamba.
The harvest of rice and sugarcane failed on
account of drought and locust
On top of this economic disaster, the manager of
the hacienda owned by the Dominicans increased
land rentals on land.
Due to hard times, Rizals monthly allowance
arrived late and somteimes never arrive at all,
causing much suffering to Rizal. Paciano sold
Rizals pony just to send money to Rizal.
On June 24, 1884, he was unable to take
breakfast that day. He attended his class
nonetheless, participated in Greek Language
Contest and won Gold Medal.
In the evening he had dinner, for he was a guest
speaker in the banquet held in honor of JUAN
LUNA and FELIX RESURRECCION HIDALGO, ta
Restaurante Ingles, Madrid
RIZALS SALUTE TO LUNA AND HIDALGO
During the National Exposition of Fine Arts in
Madrid in 1884, LUNA and HIDALGO won signal
honors for the Philippines
LUNAS Canvass SPOLIARIUM won FIRST PRIZE
(GOLD MEDAL)
HIDALGOS CHRISTIAN VIRGINS EXPOSED TO
THE POPULACE won second prize (Silver Medal)
The Filipino Colony in Madrid tendered a banquet
at the RESTAURANT INGLES
RIZAL INVOLVED IN STUDENT
DEMONSTRATION
On November 20, 21, 22 1884 the serene city of
Madrid exploded in bloody riots by the students
of the central University.
Rizal and other Filipino students participated,
together with Cuban, Mexican, Peruvian and
Spanish students
The Demonstration was triggered by the speech
of DR. MIGUEL MORAYTA, during the opening of
the Academic Year on November 20, 1884,

proclaiming THE FREEDOM OF SCIENCE AND THE

TEACHER
It was condemned by the CATHOLIC BISHOPS OF
SPAIN and EXCOMMUNICATED DR. MORAYTA
Angered by the bigotry...the students rose in
violent demonstration crying VIVA MORAYTA!
DOWN WITH THE BISHOPS!
STUDIES COMPLETED IN SPAIN
Rizal was awarded the degree of LICENTIATE IN
MEDICINE by the UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL de
MADRID on June 21, 1884.

The next academic year (1884-85) he studied and

passed all subjects leading to the degree of
MEDICINE.
The DOCTORS DIPLOMA was not awarded to
because he did not present his thesis and did not
pay his tuition fee.
He was awarded the degree of LICENTIATE IN
PHILOSOPHY AND LETTERS by the Universidad
Central de Madrid on June 19, 1885 (his
24th birthday) with the rating of EXCELLENT
Rizal finished both Medicine and Philosophy and
Letters