How to Turn Milk into Strong Natural Glue with

Baking Soda and Vinegar

You can do all kinds of unexpected things with milk, like make your
ownpore strips and invisible ink, or even get rid of red wine stains with it.
But did you know that you can also use it to make your own glue?
Emma over on Science Sparks shows us how to turn regular old milk into
glue using a few basic items you have in your kitchen.

What You'll Need

1 cups milk

3 teaspoons white vinegar

1 tablespoon baking soda

Water

The process is simple. Heat the milk in a pan until warm, then add the white
vinegar. Keep heating and stirring until the milk separates into curds and
whey.

Image via science-sparks.com

Strain the mixture, keeping the solid part. Mold what you have left into one
big, slimy ball.

Image via science-sparks.com

Now, put it back in the pan and add the baking soda and enough water to
get the right consistency. Heat it up until it starts bubbling, then turn it of
and let it cool. That's it!

Image via science-sparks.com

Now that you've made your own glue, you can use it to make some DIY
green slime by adding borax! Or, you know, you can just glue stuf with it, if
you're the more practical type.

How to Make Water Freeze into Ice Instantaneously

To get this "instant ice" efect, I put unopened bottles of water in the freezer
for anywhere between 90 to 115 minutes. The water gets supercooled
(below freezing), but does not actually freeze because the water doesn't
contain enough impurities.
When it touches an ice crystal, it turns instantly to ice. It will also do this if
the bottle is hit hard enough.

The clip at the end of the video above is a bottle that was frozen for nearly
2 hours and the entire bottle froze immediately when I tried to unscrew
the cap. Most of them won't make it that long.

Dried Papaya Leaves as Organic Mulch for

Tomato Plants
Abstract
Mulching in agricultural provides a safe yet equally profitable method of enriching
and fertilizing the soil planted with crops. Most often-used mulches are of organic
composition, such as dry leaves and barks. Unlike synthetic fertilizers and
herbicides, these organic mulches pose no or little damage to the soil and crops.
In this study, the effectiveness of dried papaya leaves as organic mulch for
tomato was tested. Papaya mulches in different thickness were applied on plots
planted with tomato in three replications. After the determined period of mulch
application, the researchers application, the researchers measured the height
increases of tomato plants ands the weed density in the plots. It was concluded
that papaya mulch significantly promoted height increase of tomato plants and

inhibited the growth of weeds. The best mulch was 3 inches in thickness.
Introduction
Usually defined as the use of organic and biodegradable materials to give plants
the nutrients they need, organic farming proved to be the safest and most
effective method of increasing and sustaining yield. Various methods fall under
organic farming, such as composting, green manuring, legume inoculating, and
utilizing animal manure as fertilizers.
Mulching is a simple process that increases soil fertility and regulating several
factors affecting overall plant growth. In this method, a layer of material-the
mulch-is placed on soil surface around the plant. The mulch is used to retard the
growth of weeds, protect roots and stems from sudden or extreme temperature
changes, reduce soil erosion by wind and water, retard runoff of rainfall, prevent
soil puddling by breaking the impact of raindrops, and keep flowers and fruits from
being spattered with mud during rainstorms.
Further clarification of the procedures and results should be directed to the
researchers and adviser.
Researchers
Ma. Theresa C. Acayen
Leizel G. Magdaraog
Levin G. Matriano
Leslie Mae D. Rivero
Adviser
Ms. Marie Christine W. Merca
Philippine Science High School
Bicol Region Campus

The Feasibility of Malunggay (Moringa oleifera) as Cleaning Agent

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate malunggay leaves as cleaning agent. The
malunggay leaves wre separated from the stalk, pounde using the mortar and pestle
until the extract comes out. The pounded malunggay leaves wre mixed with baking soda
and then water. The purpose of baking soda is to increase the efectivity of the product.
The product was then placed in a container. Using the sponge, apply the mixture on

stained areas (kitchen sink, refrigerator wall and tile wall). After applying the mixture on
stained areas, rinse immediately. Observation was then done.
Chapter 1: Introduction
A. Background of the Study:
Cleaning agent refers to all compositions intended to be used in connection with and for
increasing the efectiveness of cleaning activities. Cleaning agent includes but is not
limited to hard surface cleaning compositions (kitchen, bathroom, floor, general
household & glass cleaning compositions), detergents, dishwashing and food cleaning
compositions, disinfectants and the like. The term cleaning as used herein refers to
those activities which involve the removal of undesirable residues from surfaces and
particularly includes activities such as chemical, mechanical and thermal cleaning
activities as well as combinations thereof.
Malunggay (Moringa oleifera) is called a miracle vegetable because it is not only a food,
it is also a medicine. It may therefore be a functional food. This plant tree is not only
useful but it is the most nutritional vegetable and a herbal plant. its flowers, leaves,
young pods and roots are being utilized. It is native to India but has spread to other
tropical regions; in the Philippines, it grows repidly and with ease in nearly every
backyard when desired. Its leaves contain diferent amino acids such as sitosterol and
pectinesterase.

This study was conducted because the researcher wanted to know if the malunggay
leaves can be an efective cleaning agent to household stains. Through this the
researcher will determine the efect of malunggay leaves to common household stains.
This is why the research study is conceived.
B. Statement of the Problem:
General Problem: This study is aimed to determine the efect of malunggay (Moringa
oleifera) leaves on common household stains.
Specifically it answers the following questions:
1. Can the malunggay leaves be an efective cleaning agent on common househod

stains?
2. Is there any significant diference between the malunggay leaves and the commercial
one?
3. Is the cleaning agent suitable in replacing the commercial one?
C. Hypothesis:
The malunggay leaves are efective as cleaning agent.
D. Significance of the Study:
This research study can contribute an idea to young minds in creating new alternative
cleaning agents derived from any abundant plants. Research studies like this develops
the value of resourcefulness and open-mindedness to young researchers and if landed
to the right plant, this will serve as an everyday use to clean common household stains.
E. Scope and Limitation:
This research study entitled "The Feasibiltity of Malunggay (Moringaoleifera) Leaves as
Cleaning Agent" is limited only to the plant and part of the plant mentioned. This is only
after the efects of pounded malunggay leaves on common household stains. Other
related matter such as the longevity of the efects of malunggay leaves is no longer
honored in this study.
F. Definition of Terms:
Cleaning Agent- is a substance, usually liquid, that are used to remove dirt, including
dust, stains, bad smells and clutter in solid surfaces.
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature
A cleaning agent conforming to the present invention may take any form that is suitable
for the application intended and be applied by a way of a suitable cleaning procedure.
Liquid cleaning agents can thus sometimes be treated as concentrates. The use of a
clening agent conforming to the present invention is also possible in the form of creams,
pastes, powders, pearls, tablets, etc. application as a solution, suspension, emulsion,
spray, foam, on a moistened cloth, etc. as well as the extract exterior presentation
depends above all in the appliocation intended. Mechanical cleaning activities include
the use of forces exerted onto the residues, potentially including the use of tools such as

sponges, scrapers ang the like and/or potentially including other means to deliver the
forces such as ultrasonic waves, a beam of solid particles and the like.
Malunggay is known as Horseradish Tree in English. The odd name stemsfrom the fact
that some Brits noticed the roots of this tree looked nearly identical to real horseradish
and they used it on their beef as a substitute for the sharp original condiment - the two
are not related at all. Besides the roots, the long ribbed pods or "fruit" are edible and
often used in Indian curries; though the skinis discarded and only the pulp is sucked out
in what is apparently a rather messy endeavor. The leaves are also edible and
apparently incredibly nutritious. Today, malunggay is consumed in huge quantities every
day across the archipelago. It is added to soups and provides excellent nutritional points
for every little money. A huge bunch of the market today was just PhP 5 or 10 U.S. cents
and that's just for reference as we normally just ask for some leaves from a neighbor, a
house or two down the street. The leaves must be used almost immediately after
picking. Just throw them into the soup at the last minute or they will overcook and even
more slimy.
Resources: http://www.google.com/
http://www.marketmanila.com/archives/malunggay-horseradish-tree
Chapter 3: Methodology
A. Materials:
5 cups malunggay leaves
mortar and pestle
5 tsp. water
container
2 1/2 tsp. baking soda
sponge
B. Procedure:

Pound the malunggay leaves using mortar and pestle to get the extractfrom it. Mix the
pounded malunggay leaves with baking soda and then water. After mixing, place the
mixture un a container.
C. Testing:
Using the sponge, apply the mixture on stained areas (kitchen sink, refrigerator wall and
tile walls). After cleaning/applying the mixtures on stained areas, rinse immediately.
Observation was then done.
D. Observation:
The areas (kitchen sink, refrigerator wall and tile walls) was then observed if the product
was efective, if it can remove the stains in those areas.
Chapter 4: Results and Discussions
This chapter shows the results and discussions of my research proposal entitled "The
Feasibility of Malunggay Leaves as Cleaning Agent". It shows the ratings and comments
of people who tried to use my product.
Trial 1:
Names Areas Comments
Kitchen Sink Refrigerator Wall Tile Wall
Aguelo 3 3 3 It needs improvement
Padilla 3 3 3 It is not efective
Garces 4 3 3 The product needs improvement
Mackno 5 4 5 The product is not efective
Trial 2:
Names Areas Comments
Kitchen Sink Refrigerator Wall Tile Wall
Aguelo 2 2 2 The product is better than the previous one

Padilla 3 2 3 The product is more efective

Garces 3 2 3 The product is better
Mackno 3 2 3 The cleaning agent is efective
Legend: 1-excellent 2-very good 3-good 4-fair 5-poor
The researcher made two trials to see if the product is efective or not. In the first trial,
we can see that the product really needs improvement. In the second trial, we can see
that the product has improved.
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions and Recommendation
Summary:
This research study conducted last October 2008 and fulfilled after January 2009. The
first trial was obtained during the first week of october 2008 and the second trial
revealed results on the latter part of January 2009. There were positive results showing
that the researcher obtain satisfactory results and the researcher found out that the
malunggay leaves wiht baking soda can help remove common household stains.
Conclusions:
1. Malunggay leaves with baking sopda can remove stains on common household
stains.
2. The commercial is still better than the product.
3. There is no significant diference between the product and the commercial one.
Recommendation:
The study resulted into a smooth yet unsatisfactory results. The researcher recommend
further extended studies on improving or creating other plant alternatives. Furthermore,
additional readings and more informations about the study is highly appreciated.

Investigatory Project About Plants

An investigatory project, or "experiment," seeks to pose a testable question,
research, provide a hypothesis and test for validity. Scientists (or students)

record data from the test, draw a conclusion and present the data for peer
review. Many investigatory projects done by students for science fairs often
involve plants.A simple investigatory project regarding plants would involve the
hypothesis, "Does music affect the way plants grow?"Preparation for such a
project would include three separate, but identical plants (including a "control"
plant), an isolated environment (such as a closet or rarely-used room) for each
plant and a radio. This experiment could also be conducted using a single plant
over a long period of time, however results are usually more accurate using
multiple plants.The three plants would be separated, however each plant would
be treated identically. The plants' feeding schedules, watering, available natural
light, soil type and if possible, type and size of pot would all be identical, in order
to prevent the experiment from being changed by external factors.Once set-up,
two of the plants would have a radio placed very nearby, so that the speakers are
facing the plant's leaves. This would cause the sound waves from the radio to be
localized onto the plant and give more accurate results. The first plant would be
exposed to at least an hour per day or more of loud, aggressive music, preferably
heavy metal or angry gangster rap. The second plant would be exposed to at
least an hour per day or more of gentle, soothing music such as classical or newage instrumental. The third plant would be exposed to no music.The plants would
then be observed and measured daily for one week, for signs of change between
them. Signs of change would include a plant growing more quickly or slowly than
another, a plant growing toward or away from the musical source against its
natural growth pattern or a plant losing leaves or dying.Typically in this type of
experiment, the expected results would be as follows: the plant exposed to gentle
music should be healthiest, followed by the control plant, followed by the plant
exposed to aggressive music. For more information regarding this specific
experiment, please see:www.miniscience.com. For information regarding more
complex botanical investigatory projects, please
see: www.investigatoryprojectexample.com. More reference
links:www.miniscience.com www.investigatoryprojectexample.com