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of Abrasion/Erosion Resistance of
Wear Protection Materials
Friedrich Franek
University Professor, Deputy Head of
Department for Microsystem Technology
Vienna University of Technology
Institute of Sensor and Actuator Systems
Ewald Badisch
Principal Scientist, Research Pool Leader
Austrian Center of Competence for
Tribology ACT research GmbH, Wiener
Neustadt
Martin Kirchganer
General Manager
Castolin GesmbH, Vienna
1. INTRODUCTION
61
(a)
(b)
Figure 1. Rotary Platform Abraser: (a) test principle and (b)
(a)
(c)
Figure 2. Spherical abrasion test method: (a) and (b) CSM
[11] and (c) source: www.pvd-coatings.co.uk
Parameter
Parameter
Value
Normal load
45 200 N
Disc diameter
229 mm (9 inches)
Rotating speed
200 min-1
Relative velocity
2.4 m/s
Abrasive
Size of samples
25 mm 75 mm
Test duration
40 min
Value
Impact velocity
80 m/s
Impact angles
30, 90
Erodent
6 kg
Test temperatures
(b)
(c)
1
Parameter
Value
Impact energy
0.8 J
Impact angle
45
Frequency
2 Hz
Testing cycles
7,200
Abrasive material
Abrasive flow
3 g/sec
Test temperature
RT, 600 C
2
Figure 6. Continuous impact abrasion tester (CIAT): (a) test
setup, (b) impeller-tumbler principle and (c) 1 impeller
with samples to be tested and 2 tumbler with filling
(abrasive particles)
Abrasive
Parameter
Size [mm]
Steel
grit
Quartz
sand
Corundum
Steel
balls
Glass
balls
4.8
Hardness
[HV]
700
1000
1200
2100
2600
780
600
Energy/
particle [mJ]
0.06
0.4
28
21
8.3
Abrasive
mass [kg]
Test duration
[min]
60
60
20
20
20
Specif. total
energy [J/h]
4241
2088
5502
8190
3222
WV = Ed* / eCIAT .
(3)
It can be seen that for fine steel grit and fine quartz
sand the abrasive component is dominating, which
means that the proportion of abrasion is high compared
to fatigue and impact. The load is too low for significant
fatigue and single impacts are not strong enough for
material separation.
The worn surface appears typical for rolling abrasive
wear: neither wear caused by micro-fracture of hard
phases nor fatigue of the matrix can be found at these low
impacting energies caused by steel grit and quartz sand.
5.3 Wear modelling of continuous impact abrasion
test at high impact loading
W = k Eb* .
(1)
*
Furthermore, the deposited energy Ed is calculated
*
in (2) based on the kinetically deposited energy E kin
reduced by the ratio which is dissipated by fracture of
abrasives.
*
Ed* = nI Ekin
(2)
FME Transactions
y = 0 + i xi +
Coating
Cr
content
Type A
high
high
WC
Particle Mean inter-particle
content size [m] distance [m]
Type B
low
Type C
low
Type D
low
medium
63
241
Type E
low
low
63
546
~ 130
291
high
100
357
high
~ 80
282
LIPD = L + 3 S
(5)
(4)
(b)
Figure 14. ASTM G65 (A) wear rates of the investigated Nibased hardfacings
FME Transactions
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FME Transactions