Arvin Reinaldo A - 130110120159

Anatomy of Liver

1. Overview
- Liver is the largest gland in the body
- Occupies almost all right hypocondrium and epigastric, it also extend to left
hypochondrium
- Located below the diaphragm
- All nutrients (except fat) from GI Track are conveyed first to liver by portal venous
system, in addition to this high metabolic activities liver can store glycogen and secrete
bile continuously

2. Surfaces
- Liver has two surfaces :
(1)Diaphragmatic surface (anterior and superior) : Smooth and
dome shaped related to concavity of diaphragm
(2)Visceral surface (Postroinferior) : Flat and concave
Both surfaces separated anteriorly by its sharp inferior border

- Liver has four ligaments

(1)Falciform ligament : Separate righ and left lobe
(2)Coronary ligament : as the superior border of bare area
(3)Triangular ligament : Has right and left triangular ligament which
is the continuos end of coronary ligaments
(4)Round ligament : remant of umbilical vein

3. Lobes
Liver is divided into two anatomical lobes and two accessory lobes
Anatomical Lobes :
(1)Right Lobe
(2)Left Lobe
Accessory Lobes :
(1)Caudate Lobe
(2)Quadrate Lobe

4. Hepatic Segments

Arvin Reinaldo A - 130110120159

Liver has functionally independent right and left livers

that are much more equal in size than the anatomical lobes.
Each part is receives its own primary branch of the hepatic
artery and portal vein is drained by its own hepatic duct.

5. Blood Vessels
Artery
Liver, like the lungs, has a dual blood supply which is portal vein and hepatic artery.
-Portal Vein : Formed by superior mesenteric and splenic veins posterior to the neck of
pancreas. Brings 75
80% of blood to the liver and contain 40% oxygen that sustains the liver
parenchyma. Portal vein caries all the nutrients absorbed by the alimentary
tract (Except lipid)
to the sinusoids of liver.
-Hepatic Artery :
A branch of celiac trunk.
Portal Triad is combination of Portal vein, Hepatic artery, and Bile Duct that. This portal
triad is branches into right and left livers and supply all the eight liver segments.
Vein
Drained by the hepatic veins which branches is from right, intermediate, and left
hepatic veins that drains from all the liver segments to the IVC.

6. Lymphatics and Innervations

Superficial lymphatics : Located in the subperitoneal fibrous capsule of the liver
received by the thoracic duct
Deep lymphatics : accompany the ramifications of the portal triad and hepatic veins.
Most of lymph is formed in the perisinusoidal space (Space of Disse)
The nerves of the liver are derived from Hepatic Plexus. It accompanies the branches
of hepatic artery and portal vein