Climate Adaptation Af

Plan
Our coastlines, particularly in New York and Florida, are at risk. If we dont act now
and plan for the long term, it will cost MORE in damages and bailout money than it
does to preemptively fix infrastructure and nourish our beaches. Its time to get
politics out of our oceans and pay attention to physics.
Resolved: The United States federal government should substantially increase its
non-military exploration and/or development of the Earths oceans by implementing
policies of beach nourishment, building permits, and coastal realignment to defend
from rising sea levels.
Plan Plank 1, Delta plan: We will copy the Netherlands 200 year Delta Plan by
building infrastructure such as dykes, levis, and dams to protect our coastlines.
Plan Plank 2, building permits: contractors are to be discouraged from building
infrastructure in likely flood plains, particularly in Miami, New York, New Orleans,
and other at risk coastal regions.
Plan Plank 3, coastal realignment: if beach nourishment is not implemented in time
to protect the coasts, a backup plan will be enacted. Specifically, a plan detailing
where the coastline should be redrawn and which locations should be evacuated as
necessary ahead of time to minimize costs and damages
Plan Plank 4, fiat: We claim the right to fiat and to define all terms. Affirmative
speeches will serve as legislative intent for purposes of plan interpretation

Harm/Inherency
Sea Levels rising
Smith, 2011 (Lloyds, David Smith, http://www.lloyds.com/~/media/Lloyds/Reports/360/360%20Climate
%20reports/360_RapidClimateChangeReport.pdf, 360 Risk Project

PJL)

Sea levels will rise faster this century than last century, and the prospect of a rapid
rise in sea level within our lifetime is increasing. Over coming decades we can
expect to see global sea levels rise up to ten times faster than a century ago,
putting coastal communities - including key urban conurbations in the developed
world - at increased risk.

Ocean levels are rising, serious impact

University of Copenhagen, 2009 (March 11, Rising Sea Levels Set To Have Major Impacts
Around The World, http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/03/090310104742.htm

PJL)

"Unless we undertake urgent and significant mitigation actions, the climate could
cross a threshold during the 21st century committing the world to a sea level rise of
metres", said John Church. "Measurements around the world show that sea level has
risen almost 20 centimeters since 1880," explains Professor Stefan Rahmstorf of the Potsdam
Institute for Climate Impact Research, who will give the plenary speech on sea level rise at the congress. These data
also reveal that the rate of sea level rise is closely linked to temperature: sea level rises faster the warmer it gets.

"If sea level keeps rising at a constant pace, we will end up in the middle of that 1859 cm IPCC range by 2100," says Rahmstorf. "But based on past experience I expect that sea level rise
will accelerate as the planet gets hotter." The impacts of sea level rise - even in the lower
ranges of the current predictions - looks to be severe. Approximately ten percent of
the worlds population - 600 million people - live in low lying areas in danger of being
flooded. A previously released study led by John Church, shows that even a modest sea level rise of 50
centimeters will result in a major increase in the number of coastal flooding events.

Much of Florida is now underwater

Florida Dept of State Historical Resources, no date
Paleoindian Period http://www.flheritage.com/facts/reports/contexts/paleo.cfm

(Florida Historical Contexts: The

PJL)

About 10,000 years ago, changes in the Florida landscape and environment coincided with new
developments in subsistence technology and settlement patterns, leading to the next archaeologically defined
stage, the Archaic. Less than 100 Paleoindian sites are recorded in Florida. These known sites are scattered around
the state and their recording is primarily a result of accidental discoveries. Many more Paleoindian sites
undoubtedly exist, but they are located offshore on the continental shelf, in terrestrial wet areas, or are deeply
buried. These inaccessible locations make it difficult to identify Paleoindian sites, and our ignorance of them has

Florida [was] twice the size it

is today. At the time they lived, sea level was 60-100 m lower, exposing vast expanses of the
present continental shelf (Gagliano 1977; Blackwelder et al. 1979). Present-day coasts were inland,
even upland, areas.
biased our interpretation of Paleoindian culture.The Paleoindians lived in a

Solvency
Netherlands has successfully implemented the plan
No Author, No Date (The Delta Works -The Netherlands Fight Against the Sea, http://www.englishonline.at/environment/delta-works/delta-works-netherlands-fight-against-the-sea.htm

PJL)

the Netherlands have been fighting against

the sea for hundreds of years. Over the centuries they have built dykes, dams and windmills to stop
sea water from getting into the country. The last big disaster occurred in 1953. A storm
that swept across the North Sea killed over 2000 people and flooded
thousands of square kilometers of land. After this catastrophe something
had to be done. A new plan, called the Delta Works, created a series of
dams, locks, dykes and other barriers to protect the coastal areas from
the sea. The mouths of the major rivers were closed and the coastline was
shortened by about 500 km. As a result the water behind the dams turned
into freshwater lakes. It took over 30 years to complete the Delta Works
and officials say it is the worlds best defense system. In addition, old dykes have
been improved and made higher. Only a great storm that happens once in 10, 000 years can break them. The
final part of the Delta Works, the Maeslant Barrier was opened in 1997. It
was originally intended to keep sea water out of Rotterdams Europoort
harbor, most of which lies below sea level. But it also protects the
surrounding towns and the farming land around it. When sea levels rise by
3 meters the two semi-circular gates of the 300 meter wide barrier close
automatically. The Maeslant Barrier is expected that the barrier will close once every ten years because of
With over a third of its land below sea level,

large storms but in the next 50 years it will probably close even more often.

The Delta Plan works in the Netherlands

Heuvel, ND (Tjark van, Sand Nourishment: A flexible and resilient, adaptive coastal defence measure,
http://www.coastalcooperation.net/part-III/III-3-3-2.pdf

PJL)

In the Netherlands coastal nourishment proved to be successful and

efficient. It contributes to a major reduction in maintenance costs of the
coastal protection when compared to hard defences. Moreover, it also has
benefits for other coastal functions, like recreation and nature
conservation. Nourishment is a sustainable method, as it fits within the
natural processes of sand transport and sedimentation. The resilience of
coastal systems is safeguarded or can even be enlarged. It is widely
considered that the use of sand is a better alternative than the
construction of hard structures, for instance groins and dams, to protect a
sandy coast. This is not only from an ecological perspective but also from
an engineering point of view. The use of sand causes less serious side
efects in the longer term than concrete structures.

AV1 economy
(by protecting coastlines, we wont lose New York, Florida, New Orleans, etc, and
thus we wont lose millions of dollars in American Assets + insurance and
businesses)

Miami is the most financially exposed city, New York is second,

and the third is New Orleans, out of entire world
OECD, 2007 (RANKING OF THE WORLD'S CITIES MOST EXPOSED TO COASTAL FLOODING TODAY AND IN THE
FUTURE, http://www.oecd.org/env/cc/39721444.pdf

PJL)

The ten cities with highest population exposure today are almost equally split
between developed and developing countries. When assets are considered,
the current distribution becomes more heavily weighted towards developed
countries, as the wealth of the cities becomes important. The total value of
assets exposed in 2005 is estimated to be US$3,000 billion;
corresponding to around 5% of global GDP in 2005 (both measured in
international USD). The top 10 cities in this ranking are Miami, Greater
New York, New Orleans, Osaka-Kobe, Tokyo, Amsterdam,
Rotterdam, Nagoya, Tampa-St Petersburg and Virginia Beach. These
cities contain 60% of the total exposure, but are from only three (wealthy)
countries: USA, Japan and the Netherlands.

AV2 indigenous people

A) Indigenous people are being force-evacuated from their homes due to soil
erosion
B) Our plan reduces soil erosion

Backup Evidence (plan)

USFG can change local zoning permits
Cornell University law Institute, ND (CRS ANNOTATED CONSTITUTION, Fifth
Amendment, http://www.law.cornell.edu/anncon/html/amdt5bfrag4_user.html#fnb167)
The Fifth Amendment to the Constitution says nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just
compensation. This is a tacit recognition of a preexisting power to take private property for public use, rather than
a grant of new power.160 Eminent domain appertains to every independent government. It requires no
constitutional recognition; it is an attribute of sovereignty.161 In the early years of the nation the federal power of
eminent domain lay dormant,162 and it was not until 1876 that its existence was recognized by the Supreme Court.
In Kohl v. United States163 any doubts were laid to rest, as the Court affirmed that the power was as necessary to
the existence of the National Government as it was to the existence of any State. The federal power of eminent
domain is, of course, limited by the grants of power in the Constitution, so that property may only be taken for the
effectuation of a granted power,164 but once this is conceded the ambit of national powers is so wide ranging that
vast numbers of objects[p.1370]may be effected.165 This prerogative of the National Government can neither be

Whenever lands in a State are needed for a

public purpose, Congress may authorize that they be taken, either by
proceedings in the courts of the State, with its consent, or by proceedings
in the courts of the United States, with or without any consent or
concurrent act of the State.
enlarged nor diminished by a State.166