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Physics Homework 11
PR 11. Sifat Dasar dan Perambatan Cahaya serta Polarisasi Cahaya
Kerjakan soal di Halliday:
Bab 33 no 2, 41, 45, 49, 51, 53, 61, 65,70,79.
Bab 35 no. 2, 4, 10
BAB 33
2.) Project Seafarer was an ambitious program to construct an enormous
antenna, buried underground on a site about 10 000 km 2 in area. Its
purpose was to transmit signals to submarines while they were deeply
submerged. If the effective wavelength were 1.0 X 104 Earth radii, what
would be the (a) frequency and (b) period of the radiations emitted?
Ordinarily, electromagnetic radiations do not penetrate very far into
conductors such as seawater, and so normal signals cannot reach the
submarines.
c
f
=
a)

3 x 108
105 ( 6,4 x 106 )

4,688 x 103 Hz
1
b) T = f

1
4,688 x 103

213,31 s

41.) A beam of polarized light is sent into a system of two polarizing

sheets. Relative to the polarization direction of that incident light, the
polarizing directions of the sheets are at angles for the first sheet and
90 for the second sheet. If 0.10 of the incident intensity is transmitted by
the two sheets, what is ?
I =( I 0 cos2 ) sin2
I0
=( I 0 cos 2 ) sin 2
10

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1
=cos2 sin 2
10
1
sin 2
=
10
2

2
=sin 2
10
2=39,232

=19,616
45.) When the rectangular metal tank in picture is filled to the top with an
unknown liquid, observer 0, with eyes level with the top of the tank, can
just see corner E. A ray that refracts toward at the top surface of the liquid
is shown. If D = 85.0 cm and L = 1.10 m, what is the index of refraction of
the liquid?

1=tan1

tan 1

L
D

1,1
0,85

52,306

n1=

n2 sin 2
sin 1

1 ( sin { 90 })
sin ( 52,306 )

1,264

49.) In picture shows light reflecting from two perpendicular reflecting

surfaces A and B. Find the angle between the incoming ray i and the
outgoing ray r

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Jadi sudut antara i dan r adalah 180

51.) In picture light is incident at angle (1 = 40.1 on a boundary

between two transparent materials. Some of the light travels down
through the next three layers of transparent materials, while some of it
reflects upward and then escapes into the air. If n1 = 1.30, n2 = 1.40, n3
= 1.32, and n4 = 1.45, what is the value of (a) (5
in the air and (b) (4 in the bottom material?
n sin 1=nudara sin 5
a) 1
1,3 sin ( 40,1 )=1 sin 5
sin 5=0,837
5=56.862
b)

nudara sin 5=n1 sin 1=n2 sin 2=n3 sin 3=n 4 sin 4

1,45 sin 4=0,837

4 =35,257

53.) In picture, a ray is incident on one face of a triangular glass prism in

air. The angle of incidence is chosen so that the emerging ray also

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makes the same angle with the normal to the other face. Show that the
index of refraction n of the glass prism is given by

where f is the vertex angle of the prism and if; is the deviation angle, the
total angle through which the beam is turned in passing through the
prism. (Under these conditions the deviation angle if; has the smallest
possible value, which is called the angle of minimum deviation.)

2 + =90

dan

+2 =180 ,

2=90
1

90 ( 180 )=
2
2

( 2 )

=2 ( 2 )=2

+
2

; Jadi

n=

sin
sin 2

+
2

sin
2
sin

61.) In Fig. 33-59, light ini-tially in material 1 refracts into

material 2, crosses that material, and is then incident at
the critical angle on the interface between materials 2
and 3. The indexes of refraction are n 1 = 1.60, n2 = 1.40,
and n = 1.20. (a) What is angle ? (b) If is in3

creased, is there refraction of light into material 3?

sehingga

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a. n1 sin

= n2 sin

1,60 sin

= n2

n
1 3
n2

( )

(1,40 ) ( 1,20 )
2

n n
2
2

2
3

= 26,8

b. Dengan meningkatkan

akan menyebabkan penurunan sudut

cahaya pada bahan 2 dan 3 sehingga sudut kritis yang terjadi akan lebih
besar.
65.) Figure 33-61 depicts a sim-plistic optical fiber: a
plastic core (n1 =1.58) is surrounded by a plastic sheath
(n2 = 1.53). A light ray is incident on one end of the
fiber at angle 8. The ray is to undergo total
internal reflection at point A, where it encounters
sheath boundary. (Thus there is no loss of light
through that boundary.) What is the maxi-mum
value of 8 that allows total internal reflection at A?
sin =

Sin A = cos
n2
n1

Sin

1
n1

sin

(1,582

,n
udara = 1.

1si n2 '

n n
2
1

core-

1si n2 '

= sin A =

the

2
2

1
sin
n1

dengan n1 = 1,58 dan n2=1,53 maka

=arcsin

1,532) = 23,20

70.) In Fig. 33-64, a light ray in air is incident on a flat layer

material 2 that has an index of refraction n2 = 1,5.
Beneath material 2 is material 3 with an index of
refraction n3. The ray is incident on the air-material 2
interface at the Brewster angle for that interface. The
ray of light refracted into material 3 happens to be
incident on the material 2-material 3 interface at the
Brewster angle for that interface. What is the value of n3?

of

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n2
n1

= (900
n3
n2

( )( )

( tan

Tan

= (tan
2

B1

) (tan

n3
n2

= = (tan

merupakan complement dari

B2

= tan (

besar dengan

)C = 1/ tan

sehingga persamaan menjadi:

pada gambar terlihat

sama

sehingga dapat dikatakan n3 = 1,0 alias medium

udara.
79.) (a) Prove that a ray of light incident on the surface of a sheet of plate
glass of thickness t emerges from the opposite face parallel to its initial
direction but displaced sideways, as in Fig. 33-69. (b) Show that, for small
angles of incidence 0, this displacement is given by

where n is the index of refraction of the glass and is measured in

radians.

a. Hukum pemantulan berlaku sin

munculnya maka n sin
;

= sin

= nsin
3

. Jika

adalah sudut

. n di udara 1 maka sin

=sin

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Sudut muncul/

sejajar dengan sudut datang, x

adalah jarak antara sinar datang dengan sinar biasnya.

Panjang gelombang di kaca umpamakan C maka C cos

X=

Dsin

= t dan C= t/cos
= D sin ( -

radian, sin
cos

; sin

2,

. Sudut

t sin (2)
cos 2

X=

b. Jika semua sudutnya

dan

kecil (small) dan dalam

; sin

dan

1. n , so /n, nilai X menjadi

2
2
X

( n )

( n1 ) t
n

BAB 35
2.) In Fig. 35-30, a light wave along ray r l reflects once from a mir-ror and
a light wave along ray r2 reflects twice from that same mir-ror and once
from a tiny mirror at distance L from the bigger mirror. (Neglect the slight
and are initially exactly
tilt of the rays.) The waves have wavelength
out of phase. What are the (a) smallest, (b) second smallest, and (c) third
smallest values of L/ that result in the final waves being exactly in
phase?
Persamaan yang berlaku untuk lebar celah L=

2 m+1

dimana nilai m =

0,1,2,3....
a. Nilai terkecil m=0; L/

=
b. Nilai selanjutnya m= 1; L/ =
c. Nilai ketiga m= 2; L/ = 5/4
4.) In Fig. 35-31a, a beam of light in material 1 is incident on a boundary
at an angle of 30. The extent to which the light is bent due to refraction
depends, in part, on the index of refraction n 2 of material 2. Figure 35-31b

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gives the angle of refraction

versus n2 for a range of possible n2

values, from na = 1.30 to nb = 1.90.

speed of light in material 1 ?
Hukum snellius

n1=n2. Pada grafik , ketika

What

is

ketika

300 n2=1,5
Kecepatan dimedium v= c/n1 = 2,998

108 / 1,5 = 2

108 m/s

10.) In Fig. 35-33, a light ray is inci-dent at

angle 1 = 50 on a series of five transparent layers with parallel boundaries. For layers 1 and 3, L I =
20 pm, L3 = 25 pm, nl = 1.6, and n3 = 1.45.
(a) At what angle does the light emerge back
into air at the right? (b) How much time does the
light take to travel through layer 3?
a. Sudut keluar sama dengan sudut datang yaitu 500
b. Waktu yang dibutuhkan cahaya untuk melewati layer 3
t= nL/c = (1,45)(25 10-19m)/ (3 108 m/s)= 1,4 10-13 s

the