Genetics and Heredity

Name: ___________________________________

Mendel and Simple Inheritance

1. If an organism is said to be a hybrid, that means they are?
A) Homozygous dominant
B) Homozygous recessive C) Heterozygous
breeding

D) True-

2. A punnett square is used to determine the

A) result of Meiosis I
C) result of segregation
B) probable outcome of a cross
D) actual outcome of a cross
3. When you flip a coin, what is the probability that it will come up tails?
A)
B)
C) 1/8
D) 1
4. A couple has two children, both of whom are boys. What is the chance that the parents next
child will be a boy?
A) 0%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 100%
5. If you have an animal of an unknown genotype, how would you be able to determine its
genotype?
A) Testcross B) Pedigree
C) Karyotype
D) All of the above
6. If you were going to perform a testcross for a black hamster, what type of animal would you
cross with the animal of unknown genotype?
A) Another dominant black hamster
C) no cross, look at its siblings
B) A recessive white hamster
D) none of the above
7. If the offspring from the testcross are half white and half black, you would conclude that the
black hamsters genotype would be? (Given B is black and b for white.)
A) BB
B) bb
C) Bb
D) None of the above
8. The passing on of traits from parents to offspring is called ___________.
A) Genetics
B) Heredity
C) Inbreeding

D) Gene Splicing

9. Genes located on homologous chromosomes may have alternate forms that control different
forms of a trait. These alternate forms of a gene are called ________.
A) Alleles
B) Centromeres
C) Phenotypes
D) Gametes
10. Cells containing two alleles for each trait are described as ____________.
A) Haploid
B) Diploid
C) Gametes
D) Homozygous
11. An animal that has a genotype of one uppercase letter and one lowercase letter, such as Aa
is called ________.
A) Homozygous Recessive
C) Heterozygous Dominant
B) Homozygous Dominant
D) Heterozygous Recessive
12. An animal that has a genotype of two upper letters, such as AA is called ________.
A) Homozygous Recessive
C) Heterozygous Dominant
B) Homozygous Dominant
D) Heterozygous Recessive
13. An animal that has a genotype of two lowercase letters, such as aa is called ________.
A) Homozygous Recessive
C) Heterozygous Dominant
B) Homozygous Dominant
D) Heterozygous Recessive
14. Mendels Law of segregation states that during meiosis, the factors that control each trait
separate and only ______ from each pair is/are passed to the offspring.

A) one factor B) the dominant trait

recessive trait

C) two factors

D) the

15. The law of independent assortment states that the inheritance of alleles for one trait is
not affected by the inheritance of alleles for a different trait if the genes for the traits are on
___________.
A) separate chromosomes
B) the same chromosome C) homologous chromosomes
D)
homozygous chromosomes
16. A dogs phenotype can be determined by ___________________.
A) looking at the dogs parents
C) mating the dog and looking at the
offspring
B) examining the dogs chromosomes
D) looking at the dog
Complex Inhertiance
17. The type of inheritance shown when a red-flowering plant is crossed with a white-flowering
plant and only pink-flowering plants are produced.
A) Codominance
B) Incomplete Dominance
C) Polygenic Inheritance
D)
Multiple Alleles
18. The type of inheritance that is governed by many genes, like skin color.
A) Codominance
B) Incomplete Dominance
C) Polygenic Inheritance
Multiple Alleles

D)

19. The type of inheritance where both dominant alleles are expressed/shown in the phenotype,
like AB blood.
A) Codominance
B) Incomplete Dominance
C) Polygenic Inheritance
D)
Multiple Alleles
20. The type of inheritance where there are more than two alleles in a population such as A, B,
and O blood.
A) Codominance
B) Incomplete Dominance
C) Polygenic Inheritance
D)
Multiple Alleles
Blood typing
21. What African-American scientist is credited with the process of blood banking and plasma?
A) James Watson B) Francis Crick
C) Charles Drew
D) Rosalind
Franklin
22. The red blood cells of a person with type AB blood have
a) A antigen only b) B antigens only c) both A and B antigens d) no a or b antigens
23. The red blood cells of a person with type AB blood have
a) A antigen only b) B antigens only c) both A and B antigens d) no a or b antigens
24. You know if you have a positive test for a A blood type when the blood smear
A) agglutinates or clumps with Anti-A
C) does nothing
B) agglutinates or clumps with Anti-B
D) Clumps with both anti-A and anti-B
25. Which blood type is the universal donor?
26. Which blood type is the universal recipient?

A) A
A) A

B)B
B)B

Pedigrees and Karyotypes

27. Which parent determines the sex of the offspring and why?

C) AB D) O
C) AB D) O

A) The mother, because she can give either an X or an Y

give either an X or an X
B) The father, because he can give either an X or an Y
give either an X or an X

C) The mother, because she can

D) The father, because he can

28. A chart that traces the inheritance of a trait in a family is called?

A) pedigree
B) karyotype
C) genome
D) autosome
29. In a pedigree, males are represented by which symbol?
A) Triangles
B) Circles
C) Squares

D) Lines

30. In a pedigree, females are represented by which symbol?

A) Triangles
B) Circles
C) Squares

D) Lines

31. In the pedigree above person number II.3 is

a) affected male.
c) unaffected male.
b) affected female.
d) unaffected female.

a(n)

32. The trait shown in the pedigree above must

A) autosomal dominant
C) sex-linked
B) autosomal recessive
D) sex-linked

be
dominant
recessive

Human Genetic Disorders

33. During what phase of the cell cycle are chromosomes
visible and can be used to create a karyotype?
A) G2 phase
B) G1 phase
C) S phase
D)
M phase
34. An Extra X chromosome is what disorder?
A) Down Syndrome
C) Kleinfelters Syndrome
B) Turners Syndrome
D) None of these
35. What is the sex of this karyotype?
A) male
B) female
C) Both male & female

D)

neither male or female

36. What term describes how gametes can receive too many or too few chromosomes?
A) nondistinction B) nondisprudenceC) nondisjunction D) nondisfiguration
37. What type of chromosomal disorder is when a female receives only one X chromosome?
A) Down Syndrome B) Turners Syndrome
C) Kleinfelters Syndrome D) None of these
38. What disease is recessive autosomal and is caused by a lethal accumulation of lipids or fats
in the brain?
A) Albinism
B) PKU
C) Cystic Fibrosis D) Tay-Sachs
39. Which of the following diseases is not sex-linked recessive?
A) Cystic Fibrosis B) Hemophilia
C) Colorblindness
Dystrophy

D) Duchennes Muscular

40. Sickle Cell anemia is a codominant disorder that causes a change in blood cells so they
cannot carry?

A) Nitrogen

B) Oxygen

C) Plasma

D) Carbon

41. What type of sex-linked disorder is known for uncontrollable bleeding?

A) Sickle Cell anemia
B) Cystic Fibrosis C) Achrondroplasia D) Hemophilia
42. Affected males of sex-linked disorders get it from their.?
A) Mothers
B) Fathers
C) Both mother and father
43. Affected females of sex-linked disorders get it from their?
A) Mothers
B) Fathers
and father
D) none of these

D) none of these
C) Both mother

44. Which of the following would complete this sex-related

punnett square?
A) XBY

B) XbY

C) XBXB

D) XBXb

45. What would characterize the mother in this sex-related

pedigree?
A) Homozygous Normal
C) Homozygous affected
B) Heterozgyous or a Carrier
D) Cannot tell from the Punnett
square

46. Which of the following best describes the mutation

called B?
A) Deletion
B) Duplication

C) Inversion
D) Insertion

E) Translocation

47. Which of the following best describes the mutation

called E?
A) Deletion
B) Duplication

C) Inversion
D) Insertion

E) Translocation

48. What type of disorder would be associated with the

mutation C?
A) Fragile X
B) Hemophilia

C) Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

D) Cri du Chat

49. What type of disorder would be associated with the

mutation A?
A) Fragile X
B) Hemophilia

C) Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

D) Cri du Chat

50. How many chromosomes does a normal human have?

A) 23

B) 46

C) 92

D) none of these

1. Achondroplasia
a. Gene Mutation
2. Cystic Fibrosis
b. Chromosome Mutation
3. Duchene Muscular Dystrophy
4. Hypercholesterolemia
5. Fragile X Syndrome
6. Gauchers Disease
7. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
8. Hemochromatosis
9. Holoproencephaly
10.Huntington Disease (Also Huntington Chorea)
11.Klinefelter Syndrome
12.Marfan Syndrome
13.Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fibers (MERRF)
14.Myotonic Dystrophy
15.Neurofibromatosis I
16.Osteogenesis Imperfecta
17.Phenylketonuria
18.Polycystic Kidney Disease
19.Prader Willi/Angelman (PWS/AS)
20.Sex Reversal
21.Tay-Sachs Disease
22.Thalasemias
23.Turner Syndrome
24.Xeroderma Pigmentosum

25.Achondroplasia
26.Cystic Fibrosis
27.Duchene Muscular Dystrophy
28.Hypercholesterolemia
29.Fragile X Syndrome
30.Gauchers Disease
31.Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
32.Hemochromatosis
33.Holoproencephaly
34.Huntington Disease (Also Huntington Chorea)
35.Klinefelter Syndrome
36.Marfan Syndrome
37.Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fibers (MERRF)
38.Myotonic Dystrophy
39.Neurofibromatosis I
40.Osteogenesis Imperfecta

41.Phenylketonuria
42.Polycystic Kidney Disease
43.Prader Willi/Angelman (PWS/AS)
44.Sex Reversal
45.Tay-Sachs Disease
46.Thalasemias
47.Turner Syndrome
48.Xeroderma Pigmentosum