Notes for all CSE4PND Labs

Assessment: Bonus 0.5% for at least first-hour attendance with some attempts + 1% for work marked on the
spot in each lab class. The bonus and lab work marks will be added to the Mid-Term Test mark (worth 20%),
giving total 30% (maximum) as non-exam assessment.
Note: work must be done in own words (that is, with own effort) and cannot be copied from other students
work of precious classes or previous years.

Some exam/test questions would be based on Lab/Tutorial exercises.

CSE4PND Lab/Tutorial 1:
Note: Use the Internet and the lecture slides/notes to help answer the following questions.

Question 1:
List and describe five most important characteristic of a FIXED network. Will these
characteristics still true for Ad hoc networks? If not, explain in detail why.
Answer: The important characteristics of a fixed networks are
1. Economy: the cost is very low
2. Can quickly provide the business: easy to install, short construction period,
smooth communication.
3. Flexibility: flexible radio access network variable, do not need to predict the
location of the user. Vary in capacity, easy expansion. Can also be installed in
some lots have special needs public wireless telephone in order to meet the needs
of the user.
4. Coverage: can cover up to 30 km in geographical area.
5. Bandwidth: can access large datas with less interruptions.
These characteristics are not true for the ad hoc networks. The reliability, efficiency,
stability and capacity of wireless links are often inferior when compared with wired links.
This shows the fluctuating link bandwidth of wireless links.
Question 2:
Discuss through important points on how a MANET differs from a conventional fixed
network and an infrastructure-based wireless network.
Answer: In MANET each device is free to move and it can easily change its links to other
devices where in infrastructured based networks the devices are stationary and cannot be
changed. Which is the major drawback.

Question 3:
Describe various roles/characteristics of a node in an ad hoc network.
Answer: Nodes in an ad hoc network that are in a radio range communicate with each
other without any wired media. Though The nodes that are not in the range with each
other communicate with intermediate nodes that act as a router which routes the packet.
Question 4:
Discuss through important points on how a WSN differ from a MANET.
Answer:
1. Both are distributed networks
2. Routing between 2 nodes may involve use of intermediate relay nodes known as
multi hop routing.
3. Nodes in both Manet and wsn are battery powered.
4. Both networks use the unlicensed spectrum.
5. Self-management is required for both as they are of distributed in nature.
Question 5:
Read Sections 13.1, 13.7, 13.9-13.13 in the attached E-book Chapter 13 by Loo on
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) and answer the following questions:
5.1: Identify all the possible nodes in VANET. Discuss the node mobility.
5.2: Which part of the VANET is considered a pure VANET? And which part is a hybrid
one? In general, what are the main differences between VANET and MANET?
5.3 In general terms, discuss all the possible communication methods/protocols between
the nodes in the VANET.
5.4 On the Internet, look for and identify an actual VANET-related project. Describe its
background/technology and success/significance or failure (if any).