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CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION

FORM 4

PAPER 1
1.
2.

Given that y 15 x(6 x) , calculate


(a)
the value of x when y is maximum,
(b)
the maximum value of y.
[3 marks]
2
Given that y 4 x x , use differentiation to find the small change in y when x increases
from 5 to 5.01.
[3 marks]

3.
Differentiate 2 x 2 (3 x 5) 4 with respect to x.
marks]
4.

[3
5
x

Two variables, x and y are related by the equation y 4 x . Given that y increases at a
constant rate of 3 units per second, find the rate of change of x when x 5.
1
, evaluate g(1).
( 2 x 4) 2

5.

Given that g ( x)

6.

The volume of water, V cm3, in a container is given by V

[3 marks]
[4 marks]

2 3
h 6h , where h is the height in
3

cm, of the water in the container. Water is poured into the container at the rate of 5 cm 3 s1.
Find the rate of change of the height of water, in cm s1, at the instant when its height is 3 cm.
[3 marks]
7.

The point R lies on the curve y ( x 3) 2 . It is given that the gradient of the normal at R is

8.

1
. Find the coordinates of R.
6

It is given that y

4 3
dy
u , where u 5 x 2. Find
in terms of x.
5
dx

[3 marks]
[3

marks]
9.

10.

Given that y 2 x 2 3 x 4,
dy
when x 3,
dx

(a)

find the value of

(b)

express the approximate change in y, in terms of m, when x changes from


1 to 1 + m, where m is a small value.
[4 marks]

The curve y = f(x) is such that

dy
5 px 2 , where p is a constant. The gradient of the curve
dx

at x = 2 is 10. Find the value of p.


11.

[2 marks]

The curve y = x2 28x + 52 has a minimum point at x = k, where k is a constant. Find the
value of k.
[3 marks]

49

CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION

FORM 4

ANSWERS PAPER 1
Marks
1.

a)

y = 15x (6 x)
= 90x 15x2
dy
90 30 x
dx
dy
0, 90 30 x 0
dx

b)

30x = 90
x=3 #
y = 15(3)(6 3)
= 135 #
y
=
4x x2

2.

dy
dx
dy
x = 5,
dx

3.

4 + 2x

4 + 2(5)

14

dy
x
dx

=
=

14 0.01
0.14 #

1
1
1

1
1

Let y

2 x 2 (3 x 5) 4

dy
dx

2 x 2 [4(3 x 5) 3 3 ] (3 x 5) 4 (4 x)

=
=
=

24 x (3 x 5) 4 x (3 x 5)
4 x (3 x 5) 3 [6 x (3 x 5)]

4.

y
dy
dx
dy
dt

4 x (3 x 5) (9 x 5) #
5
4x
= 4 x 5 x 1
x
3

5
x2

dy dx

dx dt

(4

dx
dt

5.

g(x) =
g (x) =
=

5
x2
5
(4 2
5

dx
dt
dx
)
dt
1 dx
4
5 dt
5
unit per second #
7
( 2 x 4) 2
2( 2 x 4) 3 ( 2)
4( 2 x 4) 3

1
50

CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION
g(x) =
=
g(1) =
=
=

6.

V
dV
dt
dV
dt

2h 2 6

dV
dh

dh
dt

( 2h 2 6 )

dh
dt

dy
dx

2(x 3)

2(x 3)
x

=
=
=
=
R (6, 9) #
=
=

dy
dx

9.

a)

y
dy
dx

=
=
=
=

When x = 3,
b)

5
2(3 ) 6
5
cms 1
24
( x 3) 2

x
y
x

dh
dt

Given gradient of normal =

8.

24( 2) 4
24
16
3
#
2
2 3
h 6h
3

=
7.

12(2 x 4) 4 ( 2)
24( 2 x 4) 4

FORM 4

0.2083 cms 1 #

1
1
6

6
6
(6 3)

1
2

4 3
u
5
4
(5 x 2) 3
5
12
(5 x 2) 2 5
5
12(5 x 2) 2 #

1
1
1

2 x 3x 4
2

4x + 3
dy
dx

dy
dx

1
=

4(3) + 3

15 #

51

CHAPTER 9
x = 1,

DIFFERENTIATION
y
m

y
10.

11.

4(1) + 3

7m #

FORM 4
1

= 7

dy
dx

5px + 2

5p(2) + 2
10p

=
=

10
8

1
1

4
#
5
x 2 28 x 52

2x 28

y
dy
dx

Minimum point at x = k :
2(k) 28 =
0
2k
=
28
k
=
14 #

1
1

PAPER 2
1.

Diagram shows a conical container of diameter 0.8 m and height 0.6 m.


Water is poured into the container at a constant rate of 0.3 m3 s1.
0.8 m

0.6 m

52
water

CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION

FORM 4

Calculate the rate of change of the height of the water level at the instant when the height of
the water level is 0.4 m. (Use 3.142; Volume of a cone =

2.

Diagram shows part of the curve y

1 2
r h )
3

[4 marks]

4
which passes through A(2, 5).
(2 x 3) 2

Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point A.

[4 marks]

A(2, 5)

4
( 2 x 3) 2

53

CHAPTER 9
3.

DIFFERENTIATION

FORM 4

In the diagram, the straight line PQ is a normal to the curve y

x2
3 at A(2, 5).
2

P
A(2, 5)

Q(k, 0)

Find the value of k.


4.

[3 marks]

Diagram shows part of the curve y = k(x 2)3, where k is a constant. The curve intersects the
straight line x = 4 at point A.
At point A,

dy
36. Find the value of k.
dx

[3 marks]

y = k(x 2)3
A

O
x=4

54

CHAPTER 9
5.

DIFFERENTIATION

FORM 4

Diagram shows the curve y = x2 + 3 and the tangent to the curve at the point P(1, 5).
Calculate the equation of the tangent at P.
[3 marks]

y
2

y=x +3

P(1, 5)

x
O

55

CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION

FORM 4

ANSWERS PAPER 2
1.
0.4 m

0.6 m

r
h

=
=

=
dV
dh
dV
dh
4
h 2
9

2.

y
dy
dx

dy
dx

16
(2 x 3) 3
16
[ 2( 2) 3]3

y
y =
dy
=
dx

8( 2 x 3) 3 ( 2)

=
y5

3.

1 2
r h
3
1
2
( h) 2 h
3
3
4
h 3
27
4
h 2
9
dV
dt

dt
dh
dt
0.3
dh

4
dt
(3.142)(0.4) 2
=
0.3
9
dh
dh
=
1.343 ms 1 #
dt
4( 2 x 3) 2
=

=
At A (2, 5) ,

0.4
0.6
4
2
h h
6
3

16
=
=
=

16( x 2 )
16x + 32
16x + 37 #

1
1
1

x
3
2

At point A(2 , 5),

dy
=2
dx

1
Gradient of normal, m2
2

56

CHAPTER 9

DIFFERENTIATION
05
1

k 2
2

10 =
k =
4.

FORM 4

k + 2
12 #

k ( x 2)

dy
dx

3k ( x 2) 2

dy
= 36 :
dx
3k ( 4 2) 2
= 36

When x = 4,

5.

3k
k
y

=
=
=

dy
=
dx
dy
At P (1,5),
=
dx

y5
y

=
=
=
=

9
3

1
1

x2 3

2x
2(1)
2
2 (x 1)
2x 2
2x + 3 #

1
1
1

57

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