Medical Terminology

Chapter 09 - The Digestive System
1.
Gastroenterology is the study of:

A. weight loss.
B. dietetics.
C. the olfactory system.
D. the digestive system.
E. the circulatory system.
Ans: D
Feedback: Gastroenterology is the study of the digestive system.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.1
Blooms Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 9.1
Lesson objectives: 9.1.1
Page: 260
2.
Which of the following words means pertaining to the liver?

A. renal
B. hepatic
C. cardiac
D. hepatocellular
E. hepatitis
Ans: B
Feedback: Hepatic means pertaining to the liver. (R hepat = liver) (S ic = pertaining to)
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4
Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Page: 275
3.
Four parts of the alimentary canal, in order, starting from the mouth, are the:
A. esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
B. stomach, esophagus, pharynx, and small intestine.
C. pharynx, large intestine, small intestine, and esophagus.
D. small intestine, stomach, large intestine, and liver.
E. liver, gallbladder, stomach, and large intestine.
Ans: A
Feedback: Four parts of the alimentary canal in order, following on after the mouth are theesophagus,
stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.1
Page: 260
4.
A physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the

digestive system is known as a(n):
A. dermatologist.
B. cardiologist.
C. gastroenterologist.
D. ophthalmologist.
E. periodontist.
Ans: C
Feedback: A gastroenterologist specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.1
Page: 260
5.
Food elements are broken down into forms that can be transported to and
absorbed by cells. This process is called:
A. excretion.
B. secretion .
C. transfusion.
D. digestion.
E. absorption.
Ans: D
Feedback: Digestion is the process of breaking down food elements into forms that can be transported to and
absorbed by cells.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.1
Page: 262
6.
Which of the following terms means treatment of obesity?

A. alimentary
B. bariatrics
C. mastication
D. elimination
E. deglutition
Ans: B
Feedback: Bariatrics is the treatment of obesity.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.1
Lesson objectives: 9.1.4.

Page: 261
7.
Which of the following terms means a condition involving the gums?

A. esophageal
B. laparoscopic
C. gingivitis
D. dental caries
E. glossodynia
Ans: C
Feedback: Gingivitis is a condition involving the gums. (gingiv = gum)
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 266
8.
Which of the following terms means difficulty swallowing??

A. parotid
B. salivary
C. dysphasia
D. dysphagia
E. submandibular
Ans: D
Feedback: Dysphagia means difficulty swallowing. (phagia = swallowing)
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 268
9.
The alimentary canal and accessory organs are the:

A. organelle.
B. cell.
C. tissue.
D. organ.
E. system.
Ans: E
Feedback: The alimentary canal and accessory organs are the digestive system.
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.1
Page: 260
10.
The small and large intestines are part of the ___________________ system.
A. circulatory
B. integumentary
C. nervous
D. digestive
E. lymphatic
Ans: D
Feedback: The small and large intestines are part of the digestive system.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.1
Page: 260
11.
Which of the following terms means an examination of the abdomen with an

endoscope?
A. laparoscopy
B. otoscopy
C. gastroscopy
D. panendoscopy
E. enteroscopy
Ans: A
Feedback: Laparoscopy is the examination of the abdomen with an endoscope. (lapar/o = abdomen in
general)
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.1
Page: 261
12.
Which of the following is the correct spelling of a term meaning the tube linking
the pharynx and the stomach?
A. esofagus
B. esophagis
C. easofagis
D. easophages
E. esophagus
Ans: E
Feedback: The correct spelling for the term meaning the tube linking the pharynx and the stomach is
esophagus.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.1
Page: 261
13.
Peristalsis is:
A. the same as bariatric.
B. an excessive amount of fat in the body.
C. an excessive intake of food.
D. the contraction and relaxation of the intestinal wall to move food along the
digestive tract.
E. deglutition.
Ans: D
Feedback: Peristalsis is the contraction and relaxation of the intestinal wall to move food along the digestive
tract. (peri = around, stalsis = constrict)
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.1
Lesson objectives: 9.1. 3
Page: 262
14.
Which of the following terms means pertaining to the digestive tract as a whole?
A. alimentary
B. esophageal
C. gastric
D. intestinal
E. segmental
Ans: A
Feedback: Alimentary means pertaining to the digestive tract as a whole.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.1
Page: 261
15.
The term for a small projection is ______________, and its plural is

______________.
A. palate; palates
B. papila; papillas
C. papilla; papillae
D. plaque; plaques
E. pulp; pulpes
Ans: C
Feedback: Papilla is the singular term for a small projection. Its plural is papillae.
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.2
Blooms Taxonomy: Application
Page: 265
16.
Celiac disease is a condition resulting from sensitivity to:

A. sugar
B. insulin
C. gluten
D. minerals
E. enzymes
Ans: C
Feedback: Celiac disease is a condition resulting from sensitivity to the protein gluten that is found in wheat,
rye, barley and oats..
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.5
Page: 279
17.
Emesis means to:

A. bite.
B. vomit.
C. swallow.
D. digest.
E. eliminate.
Ans: B
Feedback: Emesis means to vomit.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.1
Page: 269
18.
What is the first part of the small intestine called?

A. splenic flexure
B. duodenum
C. pylorus
D. gastric pit
E. hepatic flexure
Ans: B
Feedback: The first part of the small intestine is called the duodenum..
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9. 3
Page: 270
19.
Mrs. Helen Schreiber has Sjgren syndrome, an autoimmune disease that affects
her salivary glands, stopping production of saliva. This leads to dry mouth,
difficulty in swallowing, and increased bacterial activity in the mouth, causing
gingivitis. Which best describes a patient with this syndrome?
A. Inflammation is not a complication.
B. The parotid and sublingual glands continue to function normally.
C. Dysphagia occurs.
D. The submandibular glands secrete excessively.
E. Digestion of starch with amylase leads to excessive growth of bacteria.
Ans: C
Feedback: Dysphagia (difficulty dys
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 265
20.
swallowing - phagia) is a complication of Sjgren syndrome.
The word with a prefix meaning underneath is:

A. triglyceride.
B. sublingual.
C. monosaccharide.
D. periodontal.
E. polysaccharide.
Ans: B
Feedback: The prefix sub- in the word sublingual means underneath; sublingual = under the tongue.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 278
21.
What is the major source of energy for all cells?

A. hormones
B. enzymes
C. vitamins
D. glucose
E. minerals
Ans: D
Feedback: Glucose (sugar) is the major source of energy for all cells..
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.5
Lesson objectives: 9. 5. 1
Page: 278
22.
Which of the following terms refers to a condition involving tissue around a

tooth?
A. gingival
B. submandibular
C. periodontitis
D. leukoplakia
E. hematemesis
Ans: C
Feedback: The word periodontitis refers to a condition involving (inflammation of) tissue around (= peri) a
tooth.(= odont
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 267
23.
Which of the following words means yellow staining of tissues?

A. jaundice
B. hemoglobin
C. glycosuria
D. hemoglobinuria
E. hemachromatosis
Ans: A
Feedback: Jaundice means yellow staining of tissues.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4
Page: 275
24.
The normal adult has _________ teeth.

A. 16
B. 24
C. 28
D. 32
E. 38
Ans: D
Feedback: The normal adult has 32 teeth.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.2
Page:264
25.
The layers of a tooth, from hardest to softest, are:

A. dentin, enamel, pulp.
B. enamel, dentin, pulp.
C. enamel, pulp, dentin.
D. dentin, pulp, enamel.
E. pulp, dentin, enamel.
Ans: B
Feedback: The layers of a tooth, from hardest to softest, are enamel, dentin, and pulp.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 264
26.
The roof of the mouth is called the:

A. pharynx.
B. dentine.
C. saliva.
D. tongue.
E. palate.
Ans: E
Feedback: The palate is the roof of the mouth.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 264
27.
Which of the following terms means beside the ear?

A. molar
B. periodontal
C. sublingual
D. parotid
E. hiatal
Ans: D
Feedback: Parotid means beside the ear. S/ -id having a particular quality, P par- beside, R ot- ear
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 265
28.
An oral disorder occurring most often on the lip is associated with smoking or
chewing tobacco in 80% of those suffering from the condition. Which best
describes this disorder?
A. It occurs during the childbearing period.
B. Its cause is well understood.
C. It is a complication of bacterial infections.
D. It is called oral cancer.
E. Antibiotics will clear it up.
Ans: D
Feedback: Oral cancer is a mouth disorder occurring most often on the lip and associated with smoking or
chewing tobacco.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 266
29.
Which of the following words has a prefix meaning around?

A. periodontal
B. hematemesis
C. cyanotic
D. xanthochromic
E. leukoplakia
Ans: A
Feedback: The prefix peri- in the word periodontal means around. (around a tooth)
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 267
30.
The word halitosis means:

A. painful, burning tongue.
B. bad odor of the breath.
C. infection with Candida albicans.
D. bacterial destruction of teeth.
E. patch of abnormal tissue.
Ans: B
Feedback: Halitosis is bad breath. S/ -osis condition, R/ halit breath
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Lesson objectives: 9.2.3\
Page: 267
10
31.
Which of the following terms has a suffix meaning surgical excision?

A. cholangiography
B. gingival
C. gingivitis
D. gingivectomy
E. herniorrhaphy
Ans: D
Feedback: The suffix -ectomy in the word gingivectomy means surgical excision. (of the diseased gum tissue)
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 267
32.
The word meaning bacterial destruction of teeth is:

A. thrush.
B. plaque.
C. caries.
D. canker.
E. tartar.
Ans: C
Feedback: Caries is the bacterial destruction of teeth.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 267
33.
A synonym for swallowing is:

A. deglutition.
B. bolus.
C. regurgitation.
D. emesis.
E. mastication.
Ans: A
Feedback: Deglutition is a synonym for swallowing. R/ deglutit to swallow S/-ion action, condition
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.1
Page: 263
34
What is the name of the stomach exit area that leads to the bowel?
11
A.
B.
C.
D.
jejunum
pylorus
ileum
esophagus
E. anus
Ans: B
Feedback: The pylorus is the stomach exit area that leads to the bowel..
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.3
Page: 271
35.
A hiatal hernia occurs when a portion of the stomach protrudes through the:
A. esophagus.
B. diaphragm.
C. oropharynx.
D. pyloric sphincter.
E. epiglottis.
Ans: B
Feedback: A hiatal hernia occurs when a portion of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 268
36.
Dilated veins of the esophagus are:

A. esophagitis.
B. esophageal sphincter.
C. esophageal varices.
D. gastroesophageal reflux.
E. hiatal hernia.
Ans: C
Feedback: Esophageal varices are dilated veins of the esophagus.
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.2
Blooms Taxonomy: comprehension
Page: 268
37.
The RD in GERD stands for:

A. registered dietician.
B. retrograde dilation.
C. regurgitative destruction.
D. Roux-en-Y disease.
12
E. reflux disease.
Ans: E
Feedback: The RD in GERD stands for reflux disease. GERD stands for gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 260
38.
A synonym for dental calculus is:

A. tartar.
B. leukoplakia.
C. plaque.
D. thrush.
E. caries.
Ans: A
Feedback: Tartar is a synonym for dental calculus.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 266
39.
Which of the following terms means to protrude?

A. hiatal
B. hiatus
C. herniate
D. dysphagia
E. deglutition
Ans: C
Feedback: Herniate means to protrude.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 268
40.
Which of the following terms means vomiting of red blood?

A. esophagitis
B. hematemesis
C. regurgitation
D. epiglottis
E. reflux
Ans: B
Feedback: Hematemesis is the vomiting of red blood. (hemat = blood
emesis = vomit0
13
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 268
41.
Which of the following words means after a meal??

A. regurgitation
B. postprandial
C. pyorrhea
D. sublingual
E. periodontics
Ans: B
Feedback: The prefix post- in postprandial means after.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 269
42.
The virus that causes cold sores is abbreviated:

A. HSV-1.
B. HIV.
C. RSV.
D. SSA.
E. ESR.
Ans: A
Feedback: The virus that causes cold sores, the herpes simplex virus 1, is abbreviated HSV-1.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 266
43.
In which of the following procedures is a rigid instrument used to examine the

anus and lower rectum?
A. endoscopy
B. anoscopy
C. dysphagia
D. digital exam
E. x-ray
Ans: B
Feedback: In anoscopy, a rigid instrument is used to examine the anus and lower rectum. It is also called a
proctoscopy.
Difficulty: Easy
14
Lesson: 9.3
Page: 288
44.
The adjective form of varix, meaning a dilated vein, is:

A. varices.
B. varical.
C. varicose.
D. varigeal.
E. varigous.
Ans: C
Feedback: The adjective form of varix is varicose.
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 269
45.
The word chyme means:

A. a digestive enzyme.
B. a semifluid, partially digested food.
C. a sticky secretion of mucous membranes.
D. acid indigestion.
E. an inflammation of the lining of the stomach.
Ans: B
Feedback: Chyme is a semifluid, partially digested food passed from the stomach into the duodenum..
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.3
Page: 270
46.
Which of the following terms means a backward flow of food from the stomach
after a meal?
A. predisposition
B. malabsorption
C. posterior regurgitation
D. postprandial reflux
E. preeclampsia.
Ans: D
Feedback: Postprandial reflux is the backward flow of food from the stomach after (post) a meal.(prand)
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.2
15

Page: 269
47.
Which of the following is a health care professional who would not be involved in
the diagnosis and treatment of problems in the GI system?
A. nutritionist
B. dietician
C. orthotist
D. periodontist
E. proctologist.
Ans: C
Feedback: An orthotist prepares and fits orthopedic appliances.
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.1
Page: 259
48.
What do the tongue papillae contain?

A. taste buds
B. dentin
C. enamel
D. pulp
E. pus
Ans: A
Feedback: The papillae on the tongue contain the taste buds..
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.2
Page: 264
49.
Upset stomach with epigastric pain, nausea, and gas is:

A. dysphagia.
B. deglutition.
C. dyspepsia.
D. dyslexia.
E. canker.
Ans: C
Feedback: Dyspepsia is an upset stomach with epigastric pain, nausea, and gas.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.3
16

Page: 273
50.
The segments of the small intestine, in order, starting from the pylorus, are:
A. ileum, jejunum, and duodenum.
B. jejunum, duodenum, and ileum.
C. jejunum, ileum, and duodenum.
D. duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
E. duodenum, cecum, and ileum.
Ans: D
Feedback: The segments of the small intestine, starting from the pylorus, are the duodenum, jejunum, and
ileum.
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.3
Blooms Taxonomy: application
Page:272
51.
A slowly progressing inflammation of the liver is:

A. acute hepatitis.
B. chronic hepatitis.
C. chronic hepatoma.
D. acute cholelithiasis.
E. chronic hepatocellular adenoma.
Ans: B
Feedback: Chronic hepatitis is a slowly progressing inflammation of the liver.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.4

Page: 274
52.
The instrument used to examine the stomach is the:

A. cytoscope.
B. microscope.
C. otoscope.
D. ophthalmoscope.
E. gastroscope.
Ans: E
Feedback: A gastroscope is an instrument used to examine the stomach. (gastr/o = stomach)
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.3
17

Page: 273
53.
Which of the following words is accompanied by its correct plural?

A. villus, villi.
B. viscus, viscusses.
C. varix, varixes.
D. lipid, lipidii.
E. pancreas, pancreax.
Ans: A
Feedback: Villi is the correct plural of villus.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.5

Page: 279
54.
The largest internal organ in the body is the:

A. pancreas.
B. liver.
C. kidney.
D. stomach.
E. gallbladder.
Ans: B
Feedback: The liver is the largest internal organ in the body.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4
Learning Outcome:9.1
Page: 274
55.
Bile is secreted by the ______________ into the _________________.

A. pancreas; stomach
B. salivary glands; mouth
C. stomach; chyme
D. liver; duodenum
E. small intestine; large intestine
Ans: D
Feedback: Bile is secreted by the liver into the duodenum.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.4
Page: 275
56.
Alcoholism is the most common cause of scarring of the liver, also known as:
A. cirrhosis.
18
B.
C.
D.
E.
serosis.
keratosis.
hepatocellular.
hepatoma.
Ans: A
Feedback: Cirrhosis means scarring of the liver.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4

Page: 274
57.
What is the most common blood-borne infection in the United States?

A. Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
B. hepatitis A virus (HAV)
C. hepatitis C virus (HCV)
D. cirrhosis
E. pancreatitis
.
Ans: A
Feedback: The most common blood-borne infection in the United States is hepatitis B virus. (HBV).
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.4
Page: 274
58.
A synonym for gallstones is:

A. cholelithiasis.
B. cholesterol.
C. hemachromatosis.
D. cirrhosis.
E. chyme.
Ans: A
Feedback: Cholelithiasis is the presence of stones in the gallbladder. (lith = stone)
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4
Lesson objectives l9.4.1
Page: 276
59.
What results from yellow staining of tissues with bile pigments, including
bilirubin?
A. cirrhosis
B. cynanosis
C. hepatitis
19
D. dyspepsia
E. jaundice
Ans: E
Feedback: Yellow staining of tissues with bile pigments, including bilirubin is called jaundice.
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.4
Page: 276
60.
Which of the following is a chronic, irreversible disease?

A. jaundice
B. hepatitis A
C. gingivitis
D. cirrhosis of the liver
E. gastritis
Ans: D
Feedback: Cirrhosis of the liver is a chronic, irreversible disease.
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.4
Page: 274
61.
Which of the following terms has an element meaning flow?

A. peristalsis
B. postprandial
C. pyorrhea
D. endoscopic
E. extracorporeal
Ans: C
Feedback: The element -rrhea in pyorrhea means flow. (purulent discharge) The root pyo- means pus.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9..2
Page: 267
62.
The H in HAV, HBV, and
HCV stands for:
A. herpes.
20
B.
C.
D.
E.
hepatitis.
human.
hemoglobin.
hemolytic.
Ans: B
Feedback: The H in the abbreviations HAV, HBV, and HCV stands for hepatitis.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4
Page: 274
63.
Which of the following terms means pertaining to the liver?

A. hepatic
B. emulsion
C. emesis
D. portal
E. cholestatic
Ans: A
Feedback: Hepatic means pertaining to the liver.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4
Page: 275
64.
Which of the following terms means a condition involving the gallbladder?

A. gluconeogenesis
B. cholesterol
C. hemoglobinopathy
D. cholecystitis
E. hemolytic jaundice
Ans: D
Feedback: Cholecystitis is a condition involving the gallbladder. (itis = inflammation of)
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4

Page: 276
65. _____________ is a symptom of many different diseases in the biliary tract and
liver.
A. fainting
B. nausea
C. icterus
D. vomiting
21
E. itchy skin
Ans: C
Feedback: Icterus is another name for jaundice. Jaundice is a symptom (yellow
tissues) of many different diseases in the biliary tract and liver.
Difficulty: hard
Lesson: 9.4
Blooms taxonomy: application
Lesson objective: 9.1.2.
Page: 276
66.
The adjective form of bile is:

A. biliary.
B. bilious.
C. biliate.
D. bilbous.
E. bilient.
Ans: A
Feedback: The adjective form of bile is biliary. Suffix ary means pertaining to.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.4

Page: 275
67.
If a patient is diagnosed with a perforated bowel what is present?

A. the bowel is necrotic
B. there is a hole through the wall of the bowel
C. the bowel is twisted
D. the bowel is obstructed
E. the bowel shrinks in size
Ans: B
Feedback: A perforated bowel means there is a hole in the wall of the bowel.
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9. 3

Page: 273
68.
The root -lith- in the word cholelithiasis means:

A. color.
B. ulcer.
C. cirrhosis.
D. tear.
E. stone.
22
Ans: E
Feedback: The root -lith- in the word cholelithiasis means stone. (gallstones)
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4

Page: 277
69.
What color does the element rubin denote?

A. yellow
B. black
C. rust colored
D. blue
E. red
Ans: C
Feedback: The element rubin, as in bilirubin, denotes the color of rust..
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4
Blooms Taxonomy: knowledge

Page: 275
70.
Which of the following terms means presence of a stone in the common bile
duct??
A. cirrhosis
B. cholestatic
C. cholesterol
D. choledocholithiasis
E. cholecystitis
Ans: D
Feedback: Choledocholithiasis is the presence of a stone in the common bile duct. (choledoch/o = common
bile duct).
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.4
Page: 277
71.
The term cholelithotomy, if deconstructed, means, in the correct order:

A. bile, stone, and surgical incision.
B. surgical incision, bile, and stone.
C. liver, stone, and excision.
D. stone, bile, and biopsy.
E. excision, bile, and liver.
Ans: A
Feedback: Chol/e means bile, -lith- means stone, and -otomy means surgical incision.
23
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.4
Page: 277
72.
The word cholelithiasis means:

A. the condition of having high cholesterol.
B. the procedure for destroying gallstones.
C. the condition of forming gallstones.
D. the condition of having gallstones.
E. any change in the function of the gallbladder.
Ans: D
Feedback: The word cholelithiasis means the condition of having gallstones.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4
Page: 277
73.
The surgical procedure of creating a union between two tubular structures is

called:
A. hemolytic
B. anastomosis
C. extracellular
D. intracellular
E. colonoscopy
Ans: B
Feedback: The surgical procedure of creating a union between two tubular structures is called anastomosis.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.6
Page: 288
74.
A cholecystectomy is:
A. an examination of the gallbladder.
B. an x-ray of the liver and gallbladder.
C. the surgical removal of the pancreas.
D. the surgical repair of a hiatal hernia.
E. the surgical removal of the gallbladder.
Ans: E
Feedback: A cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4
24

Page: 277
75.
The prefix in exocrine means:

A. body.
B. pertaining to.
C. inside.
D. outside.
E. before.
Ans: D
Feedback: The prefix exo- in exocrine means outside.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.4
Page: 277
76.
The adjective for stomach is:

A. gastric.
B. cecal.
C. alimentary.
D. ileostomy.
E. stomatitis.
Ans: A
Feedback: The adjective for stomach is gastric. (gastri = stomach)
Difficulty: easy
Lesson: 9. 1.

Page: 261
77.
Two words that describe glands and are opposite in meaning are:
A. monosaccharide and polysaccharide.
B. exocrine and endocrine.
C. inferior and superior.
D. intracellular and extracellular.
E. pepsin and trypsin.
Ans: B
Feedback: Exocrine and endocrine describe glands and are opposite in meaning. (endo = within
outward)
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.4
exo =

Page: 261
78.
Which of the following terms is treatment for obesity?

25
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
cholecystectomy
gastroscopy
laparoscopy
bariatric
endoscopy
Ans: D
Feedback: Bariatric treatment is for obesity..
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.1

Page: 261
79.
The patient has long-term symptoms with spasmodic episodes of diarrhea and
flatulence associated with greasy and pale stools and severe headaches and
fatigue.
This patient probably has:
A. hepatitis
B. celiac disease
C. periodontitis
D. thrush
E. dysphagia
Ans: B
Feedback: The symptoms mentioned are symptoms of celiac disease..
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.5
Page: 278
80.
Which of the following is a disease in which intestinal uptake of nutrients is

impaired?
A. constipation
B. hemorrhoids
C. impaired glucose tolerance
D. malabsorption syndrome
E. gastrocolonic reflex
Ans: D
Feedback: Malabsorption syndrome is a disease in which intestinal uptake of nutrients is impaired.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.5
Page: 282
26
81.
What is the name of the blood vessel that carries blood from the intestines to the
liver?
A. hepatic vein
B. portal vein
C. colonic artery
D. carotid artery
E. coronary artery
Ans: B
Feedback: The portal vein carries blood from the intestines to the liver. .
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.5
Learning objectives: 9.5.1
Page: 279
82.
Which of the following terms means infection of the stomach and intestine?
A. malnutrition
B. dyspepsia
C. stomatitis
D. gastroenteritis
E. flatulence
Ans: D
Feedback: Gastroenteritis is an infection (itis) of the stomach (gastr/o) and intestine. (enter/o)
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.1
Page: 282
83.
The examination of the tube to the stomach, the stomach, and the first part of the
small intestine is termed:
A. esophagogastroduodenoscopy.
B. colonoscopy.
C. angiography.
D. laparoscopy.
E. gastroesophagoscopy.
Ans: A
Feedback: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy is examination of the esophagus, the stomach, and the duodenum.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.1

Page: 288
27
84.
Which of the following words has a prefix meaning complete?

A. disease
B. diarrhea
C. dysentery
D. malnutrition
E. defecation
Ans: B
Feedback: The prefix dia- in diarrhea means complete.
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.5
Page: 279
85.
What is secreted by the islet cells of the pancreas?

A. vitamins
B. glucose
C. insulin
D. glucagon
E. insulin and glucagon
Ans: E
Feedback: The pancreatic islet cells secrete both insulin and glucagon..
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.4
Page: 276
86.
What is the enzyme called that is produced by the stomach and breaks down
protein in the digestive process?
A. gastrin
B. intrinsic factor
C. glucose
D. glycogen
E. pepsin
Ans: E
Feedback: Pepsin is an enzyme produced in the stomach that breaks down protein..
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.3
Page: 271
87.
A synonym for bend is:

A. reflux
B. flexure
28
C. fracture
D. fixation
E. vermiform
Ans: B
Feedback: Flexure is a synonym for bend.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.6
Learning Outcome: 9.
Page: 285
88.
The segments of the large intestine, in order, from the end of the small intestine,
are:
A. transverse colon, descending colon, ascending colon, sigmoid colon.
B. ascending colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, cecum.
C. cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon.
D. cecum, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, ascending colon.
E. sigmoid colon, descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon.
Ans: C
Feedback: The segments of the large intestine, in order, from the end of the small intestine, are cecum,
ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.6
Page: 284
89.
The word sigmoid means:

A. around.
B. shaped like a circle.
C. C-shaped.
D. S-shaped.
E. straight.
Ans: D
Feedback: The word sigmoid means S-shaped.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.6
Page: 285
90.
The suffix in defecation means:

A. away from.
B. process.
C. pertaining to.
29
D. a condition.
E. resembling.
Ans: B
Feedback: The suffix -ation in defecation means process.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.6
Page: 285
91.
Where would you administer sublingual medication?

A. under the tongue
B. inside the cheek
C. on the hard palate
D. beside the ear
E. in a muscle
Ans: A
Feedback: Sublingual medication is administered under (sub) the tongue (lingu)
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.2

Page: 265
92.
Which of the following words means a procedure for removal of a mass of tissue
projecting into the bowel?
A. hemorrhoidectomy
B. polypectomy
C. cystectomy
D. appendectomy
E. diverticulosis
Ans: B
Feedback: A polypectomy is a procedure for removal of a mass of tissue projecting into the bowel.
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.6
Page: 287
93.
An increasingly common disorder of the large intestine characterized by crampy

pains, gas, and changes in bowel habits is abbreviated:
A. GERD.
B. BM.
C. IBS.
30
D. IBM.
E. DRE.
Ans: C
Feedback: IBS, or irritable bowel syndrome, is a common disorder of the large intestine characterized by
cramps, gas, and changes in bowel habits.
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.6
Page: 286
94.
The slipping of one part of bowel inside another to cause obstruction is:
A. proctitis.
B. gastrocolic reflex.
C. ulcerative colitis.
D. intussusception.
E. thrombosed.
Ans: D
Feedback: Intussusception is the slipping of one part of the bowel inside another.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.6

Page: 286
95.
Which of the following terms contains two suffixes?

A. diverticulitis
B. hemorrhoidectomy
C. polypectomy
D. ileocecal
E. colostomy
Ans: B
Feedback: The word hemorrhoidectomy contains two suffixes: rrhoid = flow and ectomy = surgical
removal.
Difficulty: Hard
Lesson: 9.6
Page: 287
96.
Which of the following terms means pertaining to the membrane that lines the
abdominal cavity?
A. fistula
B. peritoneal
C. digital
D. serosal
E. occult
31
Ans: B
Feedback: Peritoneal means pertaining to the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity.(the peritoneum)
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.6

Page: 287
97.
The palpation of the rectum and prostate with a gloved finger inserted into the
anus is:
A. anoscopy.
B. a proctoscopic exam.
C. sigmoidoscopy.
D. a digital rectal exam.
E. interdigitation
Ans: D
Feedback: A digital rectal exam entails palpation of the rectum and prostate with a gloved finger inserted into
the anus.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.6

Page: 288
98.
Enema means:
A. antagonistic.
B. hidden.
C. a surgically made union between two tubular structures.
D. the use of an endoscope.
E. injection of fluid into the rectum.
Ans: E
Feedback: An enema is an injection of fluid into the rectum.
Difficulty: Easy
Lesson: 9.6

Page: 289
99.
A colostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening from the

__________________ to the _______________________.
A. esophagus; stomach
B. stomach; large intestine
C. large intestine; outside of the body
D. stomach; outside of the body
E. small intestine; outside of the body
32
Ans: C
Feedback: A colostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening from the large intestine to the
outside of the body.
Difficulty: medium
Lesson: 9.6

Page: 289
100.
Appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdominal pain in the right lower
quadrant. On palpation, tenderness over McBurney point suggests appendicitis. If
neglected, the inflamed appendix can perforate and lead to what
condition?
A. peritonitis
B. diverticulitis
C. proctitis
D. colitis
E. regional enteritis
Ans: A
Feedback: An inflamed appendix can perforate and lead to peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum - the
membrane that lines the abdominal cavity.
Difficulty: Medium
Lesson: 9.6
Page: 287
33

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Chapter 09 - The Digestive System

Gastroenterology is the study of:

Which of the following words means pertaining to the liver?

A physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the

Which of the following terms means treatment of obesity?

Lesson objectives: 9.1.4.

Which of the following terms means a condition involving the gums?

Which of the following terms means difficulty swallowing??

The alimentary canal and accessory organs are the:

Which of the following terms means an examination of the abdomen with an

The term for a small projection is ______________, and its plural is

Celiac disease is a condition resulting from sensitivity to:

Emesis means to:

What is the first part of the small intestine called?

swallowing - phagia) is a complication of Sjgren syndrome.

The word with a prefix meaning underneath is:

What is the major source of energy for all cells?

Which of the following terms refers to a condition involving tissue around a

Which of the following words means yellow staining of tissues?

The normal adult has _________ teeth.

The layers of a tooth, from hardest to softest, are:

The roof of the mouth is called the:

Which of the following terms means beside the ear?

Which of the following words has a prefix meaning around?

The word halitosis means:

Which of the following terms has a suffix meaning surgical excision?

The word meaning bacterial destruction of teeth is:

A synonym for swallowing is:

Dilated veins of the esophagus are:

The RD in GERD stands for:

A synonym for dental calculus is:

Which of the following terms means to protrude?

Which of the following terms means vomiting of red blood?

Which of the following words means after a meal??

The virus that causes cold sores is abbreviated:

In which of the following procedures is a rigid instrument used to examine the

The adjective form of varix, meaning a dilated vein, is:

The word chyme means:

Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension

What do the tongue papillae contain?

Upset stomach with epigastric pain, nausea, and gas is:

Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension

A slowly progressing inflammation of the liver is:

Lesson objectives: 9.4.1

The instrument used to examine the stomach is the:

Lesson objectives: 9.3.3.

Which of the following words is accompanied by its correct plural?

Lesson objectives: 9.5.1

The largest internal organ in the body is the:

Bile is secreted by the ______________ into the _________________.

Lesson objectives: 9.4.1

What is the most common blood-borne infection in the United States?

A synonym for gallstones is:

Which of the following is a chronic, irreversible disease?

Which of the following terms has an element meaning flow?

Which of the following terms means pertaining to the liver?

Which of the following terms means a condition involving the gallbladder?

Lesson objectives: 9.4.1

The adjective form of bile is:

Lesson objectives: 9.4.1

If a patient is diagnosed with a perforated bowel what is present?

Lesson objectives: 9.3.1

The root -lith- in the word cholelithiasis means:

Lesson objectives: 9.4.1

Bile is secreted by the into the ___.